Callan Book 6 [Stage 11]

WPROWADZENIE Książka piąta Metody Callana zapoznaje studenta z dalszymi 1326 wyrazami (włączając 621 słów z „Dodatkowego Słownictwa" podanych na końcu książki), co w całości stanowi 4 289 słów, plus 294 wyrażenia czasownikowe. Wyrażenia czasownikowe

Wyrażenie czasownikowe jest zwrotem składającym się z czasownika i jednego lub więcej słów dodatkowych, które funkcjonują jak czasowniki, np. „break down", „catch up", „go off, itd. Trudność z wyrażeniami czasownikowymi wynika z tego, że często ich powiązanie logiczne z czasownikiem zawartym w wyrażeniu lub z innymi wyrażeniami zawierającymi ten sam czasownik, jest bardzo niewielkie. Na przykład, „to bring in" znaczy przedstawiać, gdy „to bring up" znaczy wychowywać (np.dzieci). W celu uniknięcia kłopotów, student nie powinien próbować odgadywać ich sensu, musi zaakceptować je takimi jakie one są. Powinien, jeśli to możliwe, nauczyć się każdego wyrażenia z osobna i nie usiłować odnosić czasownika zawartego w wyrażeniu do jego normalnego znaczenia lub próbować łączyć znaczenie jednego wyrażenia z innym zawierającym ten sam czasownik, np. nie powinien doszukiwać się podobieństwa pomiędzy „bring in" i czasownikiem „to bring" albo wyrażeniem czasownikowym „bring up". Jeżeli będzie on robił takie porównania może być bardzo zdezorientowany i niezadowolony, szczególnie w przypadku takich czasowników jak „to get", który wchodzi w skład około 40 wyrażeń czasownikowych. Wyrażenia przyimkowe

W uzupełnieniu słownictwa i wyrażeń czasownikowych, książka zawiera także 64 wyrażenia przyimkowe, takie jak „at first", „by chance", „in common", itd. Wyrażenia te oparte są prawie w całości na pięciu przyimkach „at", „by", „in", „on" i „out of. Podobnie jak z wyrażeniami czasownikowymi, student nie powinien zbyt dokładnie ich rozważać, trzeba je również zaakceptować takimi jakie są. Jak prowadzone są lekcje

Podstawowe zasady Metody dotyczą materiału całej książki: to znaczy, nauczyciel zadaje pytanie w szybkim tempie i od razu je powtarza, zaczyna odpowiedź, którą student powinien skończyć, nie pozwalając mu jej przedłużać, ponagla studenta jednocześnie mu pomagając. Jedyną różnicą jest to, że student nie musi odpowiadać według ustalonego wzoru. Znaczna część pytań zachęca go do wyrażania swoich poglądów. Musi on jednak robić to szybko i bez wahania. W przeciwnym wypadku będzie on zwalniał tempo lekcji i powodował znudzenie reszty studentów w klasie.

Przyczyną odstąpienia od obowiązku odpowiadania w ściśle określony sposób jest chęć umożliwienia studentom praktyki w rozmowie, niezbędnej do udziału w egzaminach Cambridge Poza pracą z pytaniami i odpowiedziami, student poszerza swoje słownictwo poprzez przykładowe zdania (czytane przez nauczyciela) oraz poprzez bezpośrednie tłumaczenie. W trakcie powtórki nauczyciel po prostu pyta o znaczenie poszczególnych słów. W tym punkcie studiów student powinien chwytać słownictwo bardzo szybko, bez potrzeby uczenia się każdego słowa poprzez technikę pytań i odpowiedzi. W dalszym ciągu, oczywiście, musi on powtarzać wszystko dwa razy, niezależnie od tego jak dobrą ma pamięć. Dzieje się tak dlatego, że słowa w języku mówionym muszą przychodzić na myśl z dużą prędkością, nie wystarczy jedynie je zapamiętać. Na przykład, w poniedziałek nauczyciel może zapoznać studentów ze znaczeniem (i tłumaczeniem) słowa „affection" i połączyć to z przykładowym zdaniem „It was clear that the two friends felt a great deal of affection for each other". We wtorek i środę, student będzie czytał zdania zawierające to słowo, a później jeszcze będzie pisał dyktando zawierające słowo „affection". „Słownictwo do tłumaczeń" zawiera proste, nieskomplikowane wyrazy o jasnym, niedwuznacznym znaczeniu. W trakcie powtórki na każdej lekcji, nauczyciel powinien pytać studentów o znaczenie tych wyrazów. Dodatkowe pytania Niektórzy nauczyciele mogą uważać, że powinni przygotować dodatkowe pytania z tymi wyrazami z książki, z którymi student zetknął się jedynie w przykładowych zdaniach oraz w spisie słówek. Student musiałby się okazać bardzo powolnym, aby to stwierdzenie było słuszne. Na początkowym etapie studiów niezbędnym jest uczenie się nowych słów poprzez używanie ich w pytaniach, ale na tym etapie, bezpośrednia powtórka powinna wystarczyć. Zadawanie pytań mogłoby jedynie spowolnić znacząco proces nauki. „Zadaj pytanie" Rozpoczynając lekcję nauczyciel może, zamiast polecać studentom układanie dowolnych pytań, dać każdemu studentowi wyrażenie czasownikowe lub przyimkowe, z którym student powinien utworzyć pytanie. Bezpośrednio po wejściu do klasy nauczyciel podaje wyrażenie i zaczyna rundę pytań. Jeśli student nie może wymyśleć pytania natychmiast, nauczyciel przechodzi nie czekając do następnej osoby, a na końcu może powrócić do tego, który pytania nie zadał, mając jednak na uwadze aby runda nie trwała zbyt długo. Ta sama procedura może być zastosowana na końcu lekcji. Lista wyrażeń czasownikowych i przyimkowych do tego celu umieszczona jest na końcu książki dla nauczycieli.

Charakter słownictwa Z ogólnej liczby 1326 słów zawartych w tej książce, około 650 jest pochodzenia łacińskiego, co powoduje, że są one łatwo rozumiane i zapamiętywane przez studentów, którzy mówią lub znają język pozostający pod silnym wpływem łaciny; są to słowa takie jak „cancel", „major", „identify", „enormous", „create", „occupation" i „elementary". Pewną część stanowią też słowa pochodzące z greckiego, jak „harmony" i „politics", z francuskiego, jak „technique" i „perfume", które są zazwyczaj wspólne dla wszystkich języków łacińskich. Angielski jest językiem germańskim, który wchłonął tysiące słów z łaciny, greckiego i francuskiego, a także dużo słów z ponad setki innych języków. To daje mu całkiem międzynarodowy charakter. W słownictwie tej książki zawarta jest spora ilość wyrazów, które mogą być nazwane międzynarodowymi. Są to słowa wchłonięte przez dużą liczbę języków na świecie. Niektóre z nich są pochodzenia innego niż angielskie, np. „cassete", „oxygen", „cigar", „cafe" i „ballet"; inne są pochodzenia angielskiego, jak „radar", Jockey", „golf, „pop", „self-service", „sandwich", „scout" i „motel". Oblicza się, że języki niektórych krajów zaabsorbowały około 6000 lub więcej słów angielskich takich, jak „manager", „designer", „speaker", „fast-forward", „play-back", „fastfood", "jumbo jet" i "jet set". Dodatkowo liczba" 1326 słów zawiera około 500 wyrazów, które utworzone są ze słów wcześniej poznanych, takich jak „bathroom", „hairbrush" i „ear-ring", albo utworzonych ze słów podstawowych, które student też już poznał, takie jak „hopeful", „doubtless" lub „uncertain". Biorąc to wszystko pod uwagę, można wnioskować, że słownictwo tej książki nie będzie sprawiać studentowi kłopotów. Powinien on opanować materiał całkiem szybko. Egzaminy Cambridge Niektórzy studenci Metody Callana zdali egzaminy Cambridge bez studiowania Książki Piątej. Bezpośrednio po ukończeniu Książki Czwartej zaczęli oni pracę nad materiałami egzaminacyjnymi z ubiegłych lat. Jeden czy dwóch studentów zdało nawet egzamin First Certificate bez przerabiania Książki Czwartej. Tacy studenci jednak należą do wyjątków. Mają oni zazwyczaj bardzo analityczny umysł i mogą rozumieć wyrazy, których nigdy wcześniej nie widzieli w oparciu o ogólny sens zdania, w którym one się znajdują. Są oni w stanie manipulować i rozciągać swoją znajomość języka angielskiego sprawiając wrażenie, że wiedzą znacznie więcej, niż na prawdę umieją, potrafią także pisać krótkie, poprawne zdania. Inaczej mówiąc, wiedza którą posiadają jest wyjątkowo dobrze przyswojona i może być wykorzystywana w pełni i prawidłowo.

Przeciętny student, jednakże, musi przerobić Książkę Piątą, szczególnie wówczas gdy zależy mu na dobrej ocenie z egzaminu. Oczywiście, jest to zadaniem nauczyciela, aby zadecydować, który ze studentów może próbować zdawać egzamin First Certificate. Większość z nich może być zgłoszona do egzaminu w czasie gdy zaczynają oni Książkę Piątą, wówczas, w czasie od zgłoszenia do terminu egzaminu, mogą pracować nad Książką Piątą poszerzając swoje słownictwo i pod koniec tego okresu doskonalić swoją technikę zdawania omawiając materiały egzaminacyjne z lat poprzednich.

Pisanie wypracowań Student powinien pisać wypracowania domowe już od momentu zgłoszenia jego nazwiska do egzaminu First Certificate. Jak wiele ich napisze zależeć będzie od tego co na ten temat uważa nauczyciel - ale zwykle jest to od 10 do 20 wypracowań. Lista tematów do wypracowań będzie podana później. W celu wzmocnienia siły wyrazu i poprawy stylu pisania student powinien czytać, jak największą ilość gazet, czasopism i książek w języku angielskim. Poprzez stałe czytanie zdobędzie lepsze wyczucie języka, które pozwoli mu instynktownie pisać poprawnie. W celu poszerzenia słownika w czasie czytania, student powinien sprawdzać znaczenie każdego nowego słówka w słowniku i zapisywać go w zeszycie razem z tłumaczeniem. Następnego dnia powinien spróbować przypomnieć sobie znaczenie słowa przed zaglądnięciem do zeszytu z tłumaczeniem. Tę procedurę powinien powtórzyć w kolejnym dniu. Jeśli nie będzie trzymał się tego systemu, po kilku tygodniach może zapomnieć znaczenie nowo poznanego słowa co oznacza, że zmarnował swój czas szukając go po raz pierwszy w słowniku.

Etap 12. Materiały egzaminacyjne z lat poprzednich Po zakończeniu Książki Piątej, nauczyciel powinien zrobić całkowitą powtórkę wszystkich pięciu książek w celu wyjaśnienia punktów stale jeszcze niejasnych i uzupełnienia braków w pamięci studenta. Jaki czas będzie należało poświęcić powtórce, zależy od tego jak dobrze student zapamiętał materiał. Po zakończeniu powtórki, student przejdzie do ostatniego Etapu Metody, do Etapu 12. Składa się on w całości jedynie z pracy nad materiałami z egzaminów Cambridge First Certificate, które odbyły się w przeszłości. Materiały te są publikowane przez Cambridge University Press pod tytułem „Examination Practice Tests" (Testy Egzaminacyjne). Testy egzaminacyjne mają za zadanie zapoznać studenta z techniką zdawania egzaminów a nie nauczyć języka angielskiego, wystarczy więc przerobić 4 do 8 testów.

Jeżeli byłaby niezbędna dalsza praktyka egzaminacyjna, student może zrobić dalsze Testy Egzaminacyjne w domu. W tym celu może on kupić książkę dla nauczyciela, która zawiera takie materiały wraz z odpowiedziami. Tym sposobem wartościowy czas lekcyjny nie zostanie zmarnowany. Bezpośrednio przed egzaminem, nauczyciel powinien przeprowadzić egzamin próbny z zachowaniem wszystkich reguł egzaminacyjnych, tak aby studenci wiedzieli dokładnie czego się spodziewać. Ten egzamin próbny nosi w języku angielskim nazwę „Mock Exam". Dla celów tego egzaminu nauczyciel powinien użyć najświeższych materiałów egzaminacyjnych, które jeszcze nie zostały opublikowane w książce. Takie materiały zazwyczaj można kupić w księgarni lub bezpośrednio w Cambridge University Local Examonation Syndicate (Lokalna Komisja Egzaminacyjna). W przypadku, kiedy studenci planują zdawać inny egzamin mniej więcej na poziomie egzaminu Cambridge First Certificate, powinni oni omówić przykładowe materiały z poprzednich lat z tego właśnie egzaminu. Wymagany poziom znajomości języka angielskiego zawsze będzie ten sam, jedynie sposób sprawdzania wiedzy może się różnić. TEMATY WYPRACOWAŃ PRACOWITY

TAKTYKA

ELASTYCZNOŚĆ

INCYDENT

Egzamin Cambridge First Certificate trwa zazwyczaj 1,5 godziny, student ma możliwość wybrania dwóch spośród czterech tematów i musi napisać dwa wypracowania o objętości od 120 do 180 słów każde. Zamieszczone dalej 28 tematów daje duży wybór do pisania wypracowań. Kiedy student rozpoczyna pracę nad materiałami egzaminacyjnymi z lat poprzednich, może również wybrać tematy z tych materiałów. Musi on jednak uważać, żeby nie przekroczyć ustalonego limitu od 120 do 180 słów. W czasie przygotowywania wypracowań domowych student powinien pisać bez skrępowania i obaw. Zazwyczaj pierwsza myśl jest najlepsza, najbardziej poprawna, kiedy student zacznie zbyt dużo rozważać nad poprawnością zdania, często zmienia je na niekorzyść. Osiągnąwszy poziom Książki Piątej Metody Callana, student powinien dysponować już rozwiniętym instynktem, który podpowie mu co jest poprawne a co nie. Może on nie wiedzieć dlaczego coś jest poprawne a dlaczego nie, ale powinien już czuć to. Dzięki pisaniu wypracowań, student przekona się czy w istocie dysponuje już rozwiniętym instynktem w tej kwestii. Jak już wspominaliśmy, student ma 1,5 godziny na napisanie wypracowań, np. po 45 minut na jedno wypracowanie. W przypadku pracy domowej, powinien on starać się pisać wypracowania w jak najkrótszym czasie. Napisanie szybko dwóch

wypracowań w ciągu 45 minut, jest lepszym ćwiczeniem, niż napisanie jednego bardzo dopracowanego tekstu. W czasie egzaminu, jednak należy wykorzystać cały czas, jeśli jest to niezbędne. Postępując zgodnie z podobną taktyką, nauczyciel powinien jedynie poprawić prace studentów bez dawania szczegółowych objaśnień błędów. Nie powinien on również omawiać wypracowań w klasie. Taka procedura jest stratą czasu, ponieważ niektórzy studenci robią takie błędy, jakich inni nigdy by nie zrobili. W czasie dyskutowania takich błędów reszta klasy nudzi się. Ten czas może być wykorzystany znacznie lepiej robiąc dodatkową powtórkę materiału z książek Metody. Student powinien po prostu zaakceptować poprawkę nauczyciela i starać się w przyszłości nie powtórzyć już tego błędu. Jeżeli popełnia on ten sam lub podobny błąd wielokrotnie, wówczas oczywiście powinien poprosić nauczyciela o wyjaśnienie, ale najlepiej po lekcji. Powolna i szczegółowa praca nie jest oczywiście złą taktyką w przypadku przedmiotów akademickich, ale nauka języka do poziomu egzaminu Cambridge First Certificate nie jest przedmiotem akademickim; jest raczej przedmiotem zręcznościowym. Wymaga prędkości i elastyczności. Tematy wypracowań 1) Dom, który chciałbyś mieć. 2) Dzień spędzony nad morzem, jeziorem albo rzeką. 3) Opisz jedno z najważniejszych wydarzeń w historii swojego kraju. 4) Dostałeś prezent od starego przyjaciela z zagranicy. Napisz list z podziękowaniem: powiedz w jaki sposób wykorzystasz prezent i co u ciebie słychać. 5) Problemy ruchu drogowego w nowoczesnych miastach. 6) Obecne trendy w modzie. 7) Urodziny. 8) Gazeta prosi czytelników, by napisali historie dziwnych wypadków, które im się zdarzyły. Napisz do redaktora jaki wypadek ci się przydarzył. 9) Napisz sprawozdanie o tym, co ci się zdarzyło, kiedy przyjechałeś do hotelu późno w nocy i okazało się, że ktoś mieszka w zarezerwowanym dla ciebie pokoju. 10) Jeśli mógłbyś wybrać, to w którym kraju chciałbyś żyć i dlaczego?

11) Napisz krótkie opowiadanie, zaczynając je od: „Ktoś zastukał w okno..." 12) Zaproś przyjaciela, by poszedł z tobą do teatru, gdzie twoja siostra gra główną rolę w sztuce i po przedstawieniu będzie okazja do spotkania z nią oraz z innymi aktorami i aktorkami. 13) Moje szkolne czasy. 14) Twoja wizja dobrze wykształconej osoby. 15) Co osiągnęła nauka, by uczynić nasze życie łatwiejszym i wygodniejszym. 16) Jesteś chory albo uległeś wypadkowi i nie możesz spotkać się z przyjacielem (nie ma telefonu), z którym byłeś umówiony. Napisz list wyjaśniający, dlaczego nie możesz się z nim spotkać i zaproś go (ją) do siebie. 17) Największy aktualny problem światowy. 18) Atrakcje turystyczne twojego kraju. 19) „Czy kiedyś byłbym w stanie uciec? To była myśl, która krążyła po mojej głowie." Opowiedz od czego musiałeś uciekać i jak tego dokonałeś. 20) Umówiłeś się na dwutygodniowe wakacje. Napisz list do przyjaciela zapraszając go (albo ją), żeby się przyłączył. Opowiedz mu (albo jej), jaki rodzaj wakacji zaplanowałeś. 21) Gdzie wolałbyś mieszkać: w mieście czy na wsi? - dlaczego? 22) Jak sobie wyobrażasz świat za 50 lat? 23) Jak myślisz, w jaki sposób świat staje się lepszym miejscem do życia, a w jaki gorszym? 24) Przyjaciel napisał do ciebie, prosząc o radę dotyczącą czegoś, co go (ją) martwi. Odpisz mu. 25) Opisz najdziwniejszą i najbardziej interesującą rzecz, jaka ci się kiedykolwiek zdarzyła albo najbardziej interesujące wydarzenie, którego byłeś świadkiem. 26) Jaką sławną osobę chciałbyś przyjąć w swoim domu i dlaczego? 27) Opisz swój zwykły dzień albo zwykły koniec tygodnia (sobota i niedziela). 28) Napisz list do przyjaciela wyjaśniający, dlaczego od kilku miesięcy nie odzywałeś się do niego (niej).

STAGE 11 1080 LESSON 162 ADJUST dostosować, nastawić

TELEVISION SET odbiornik telewizyjny

SET aparat, odbiornik, nastawić

DO YOU FIND THAT YOU ARE CONSTANTLY HAVING TO ADJUST YOUR TELEVISION SET, OR DO YOU ALWAYS HAVE A GOOD CLEAR PICTURE ? Yes, I find ... or ... No, I don't find ... BET zakład, założyć się HOW MUCH WOULD YOU BE WILLING TO BET ME T HAT YOU COULD RUN FASTER THAN ME?/ I'd be willing to ... CALL FOR tu: zabrać, wstąpić po kogoś WHEN YOU GO OUT IN THE EVENING WITH A FRIEND, DOES YOUR FRIEND USUALLY CALL FOR YOU OR DO YOU CALL FOR YOUR FRIEND ? When I go out... AT PEACE w stanie harmonii AT WHAT TIME OF THE DAY DO YOU FEEL MOST AT PEACE WITH THE WORLD ?/ I feel most... 1081 CANCEL odwołać, unieważnić

CALL OFF odwołać

HOW DO YOU FEEL WHEN SOMEONE CANCELS AN APPOINTMENT WITH YOU AT THE LAST MOMENT, OR WHEN A GAME OF FOOTBALL ETC., YOU PARTICULARLY WANTED TO WATCH, IS CALLED OFF ? I feel upset, annoyed, angry etc., when ... DASH śpieszyć się

CUT SHORT przerwać, ukrócić

WHAT DO PEOPLE MEAN IN A CONVERSATION WHEN THEY SAY "SORRY, I MUST DASH" ?/ When people say ... they mean they have to cut short the conversation and hurry away CARRY ON Kontynuować

MAJOR większy, główny

SUICIDE samobójstwo

BANKRUPT bankrut

BANKRUPTCY bankructwo

COMMIT SUICIDE popełnić samobójstwo

WHAT DO SOME PEOPLE DO WHEN THEY FIND IT IMPOSSIBLE TO CARRY ON LIVING AFTER A MAJOR DISASTER IN THEIR LIVES, LIKE BANKRUPTCY IN BUSINESS? Some people commit suicide when ... 1082 ENTERTAINMENT zabawa, rozrywka

ENJOYABLE

przyjemny, miły

WHAT KIND OF ENTERTAINMENT DO YOU FIND THE MOST ENJOYABLE?/ I find the cinema, theatre etc.... the most enjoyable kind of entertainment HAND OUT (v) rozdawać, wręczać

HANDOUT (n)

ulotki, informacje

LEAFLET ulotki

DO YOU GET PEOPLE IN THFS CITY (TOWN, VILLAGE) HANDING OUT LEAFLETS IN THE STREET? AND DO YOU TAKE THE HANDOUTS AND READ THEM ? Yes, we sometimes get... IDENTIFY zidentyfikować

IDENTITY tożsamość

HOW ARE YOU ABLE TO IDENTIFY YOURSELF IN THE STREET IF STOPPED BY THE POLICE? I'm able to ... by some kind of document, identity card etc. LABOUR

praca, robota, napracować się

SENTENCE (v) skazać na karę

WHAT IS MEANT IN A COURT OF LAW WHEN A JUDGE SENTENCES A CRIMINAL TO SIX MONTHS' HARD LABOUR ?I In a court ... hard, physical work 1083 CATCH UP dogonić, nadrobić

TAPE kaseta

GRAMOPHONE RECORD płyta gramofonowa

SUPPOSING YOU'D MISSED A FEW LESSONS, HOW WOULD YOU CATCH UP ON THE OTHER STUDENTS IN THE CLASS ? Supposing I'd ... by reading my book at home and listening to the tapes that accompany it... DO YOU PREFER TO LISTEN TO MUSIC ON GRAMOPHONE RECORDS, TAPES OR CDS ? - WHY ? I prefer to ... NASTY nieprzyjemny, wstrętny WHAT'S THE OPPOSITE OF "NICE" ?/

The ... "nasty"

VOCABULARY WITH EXAMPLES:AFFECTION

uczucie, miłość, przywiązanie

e.g. It was clear that the two friends felt a great affection for each other. CHEMIST aptekarz

CHEMISTRY apteka

1084 e.g. A chemist's is a shop from which people buy medicine, whilst a chemist is a person who studies and practices chemistry. DOMESTIC domowy, rodzinny

HARMONY harmonia

DISHARMONY

dysharmonia

DIVORCE

rozwód, brać rozwód

e.g. In most countries, domestic servants are not usually very well paid. Domestic disharmony was one of the causes of the divorce. ENORMOUS ogromna The problems were so enormous that it took an entire week to deal with them./ GRAIN ziarno, granulować

PARTICLE cząstka, odrobina

Grain is a word that is used for corn in general, but it is also used for a single seed of corn or rice etc. It can also be used to describe a small particle, such as a grain of sand. INHABITANT mieszkaniec, mieszkanka It was a village of very few inhabitants. 1085 LOVELY

śliczny

MARVELLOUS

ATTRACTIVE

cudowny, zdumiewający

atrakcyjny

The girl looked absolutely lovely in her new dress.

It was a marvellous party, and we all had a lovely time. NOTICEABLE zauważalny There was a noticeable difference in the performance of the two cars. One car ran more smoothly and was much easier to handle than the other./ CALL AWAY wezwać, odwołać The doctor had just settled down for a quiet cup of tea when he was called away to attend to a patient. SHY

nieśmiały

The child behaved in a very shy manner when introduced to the stranger. UNDO

FROST

FROSTBITE

rozwiązać

mróz, mrozić

odmrożenie

His fingers were suffering from frostbite, which made it almost impossible for him to undo the knot in his tie. 1086 VALUABLE

MUSEUM

JEWELLERY3000

cenny

muzeum

biżuteria

The thieves had stolen the museum's most valuable piece of jewellery./ BARK szczekać

FOOTSTEP

STONY

odgłos kroku

kamienny

The sound of footsteps on the stony path leading to the house made the dogs bark. AHEAD OF przed (kimś, czymś) Some artists and poets are so far ahead of their time, that the general public often finds it difficult to understand their work. CONSIDERABLE znaczny, poważny We had to spend a considerable amount of time queuing for tickets. DRAW OUT tu: odjechać

DRAW IN

PLATFORM

tu: wjechać

platforma, peron

HALT zatrzymać, postój

The train was drawing out of the station just as we reached the platform. 1087 The opposite of "draw out" is "draw in", e.g. The train drew into the station and came to a halt just as the clock was striking twelve./

DRUG

lekarstwo, narkotyk

HEROIN heroina

COCAINE

kokaina

The taking of drugs, like heroin and cocaine, is very damaging to the health; but there are drugs, however, which are used legally as medicine. EQUIPMENT wyposażenie All the equipment necessary for the journey was carried on the backs of donkeys. GREATLY wielce, znacznie The chances of finding anyone alive after the shipwreck were greatly reduced when another storm hit the island. SILLY głupi, niemądry It was very silly of me to make such an obvious mistake. The mother told her children not to play such silly games. 1088 CREATE tworzyć, stwarzać

IMAGINATION wyobraźnia

Artists create works of art out of their imagination./ When we decided to move home to another town, we had no idea of the enormous problems it would create. DRUM bębenek, beczka He has a great sense of rhythm, and plays the drums very well. Oil is often transported in containers called drums. DUSTY zakurzony

UPHILL na wzgórze

EVERYWHERE

wszędzie, gdziekolwiek

After the dry heat of summer, the track leading uphill to the old castle was very dusty, but despite the lack of rain there were still flowers everywhere. VOCABULARY FOR TRANSLATION:AIRCRAFT samolot

BALLOON balon

CHAPTER rozdział

FLIGHT GLOVE MOUSTACHE lot, odlot, przelot rękawiczka, rękawica wąsy 1089 PALACE pałac

PARADE

parada

DEPTH głębokość NAKED nagi

DICTATION 98

WHISPER (n)

szept

Breathing very slowly,/ and speaking to one another in a whisper,/ we pushed open the storeroom door/ and were rather astonished/ and somewhat puzzled/ to find such a mixture of articles inside/ - a stove that was broken,/ a toy bow with some arrows,/ a cream-coloured bowl/ of artificial fruit,/ and an old wheel/ which lay awkwardly across the floor/ near the door./ This made enough noise/ to wake the whole household/ as we attempted to drag it/ out of the way,/ weaving it in and out/ among the objects on the floor./ Discipline among the employees was very strict/ and many clerks had lost their jobs./ He stretched the lump of clay/ and made a border with it/ round the edge of the bowl. LESSON 163 CHECK IN stawić się w recepcji hotelu

CHECK OUT zapłacić za usługi i opuścić hotel

RECEPTION recepcja

WHERE DOES ONE CHECK IN AND CHECK OUT OF A HOTEL? One checks in ... at the reception OCCUPY

zająć, dawać zajęcie

HOW DO YOU USUALLY OCCUPY YOUR SPARE TIME? 1090 OCCUPATION zajęcie, zainteresowanie

FILL IN wypłenić

FORM forma

I usually occupy TRIANGLE trójkąt

WHEN YOU FILL IN A FORM MAKING AN APPLICATION FOR SOMETHING OR OTHER, WHAT DOES THE QUESTION "WHAT IS YOUR OCCUPATION ?" MEAN ?/ When I fill in ... what is my job WHAT SHAPE AM I FORMING IN THE AIR WITH MY FINGER? You're forming... triangle... MARRIAGE małżeństwo

RECIPE

recepta, przepis

DO YOU THINK THAT THE MOST SUCCESSFUL MARRIAGES ARE BASED ON THE TWO PARTNERS HAVING A LOT IN COMMON; OR WHAT DO YOU THINK IS THE BEST RECIPE FOR A HAPPY MARRIAGE?/ Yes, I think... CLEAR UP porządkować, przejaśnić się

MESS

PHILOSOPHER

WITHIN REASON

bałagan, nieporządek

filozof

rozsądnie, sensownie

WOULD YOU AGREE WITH THE PHILOSOPHER, BERTRAND RUSSELL, THAT HALF THE POPULATION OF THE WORLD SPENDS ITS TIME CLEARING UP THE MESS MADE BY THE OTHER HALF, I.E. HAVING TO CONSTANTLY CLEAN AND TIDY UP AFTER PEOPLE AND REPAIR THE 1091 DAMAGE THEY HAVE DONE ? - AND WHAT DO YOU THINK SHOULD BE DONE ABOUT IT ?/ Yes, I'd agree... where possible, and within reason, people should be made to clear up their own mess and repair the damage they have done ... IF IT WERE RAINING AND I SAID "IT LOOKS AS THOUGH IT WILL SOON CLEAR UP", WHAT WOULD I MEAN? If it were ... stop raining ...

SOLVE rozwiązać HOW WOULD YOU SOLVE THE WORLD'S PROBLEMS ?

I'd solve ... by ...

CARRY OUT realizować

EFFICIENCY skuteczność, sprawność

TENDENCY tendencja

CONFUSED pomieszany, zakłopotany

WOULD YOU SAY YOU WERE FAIRLY GOOD AT CARRYING OUT INSTRUCTIONS WITH GREAT EFFICIENCY, OR ARE YOU THE TYPE THAT HAS A TENDENCY TO GET EVERYTHING CONFUSED ?/ Yes, I'd say I was ... or... No, I wouldn't say ...

BY LAND lądem

BY AIR

powietrzem

DO YOU PREFER TO TRAVEL BY LAND, BY SEA, OR BY AIR ? - WHY ? I prefer to...

1092

GLANCE rzut oka, spojrzeć WHAT AM I DOING ?

You're glancing at your watch, the picture on the wall etc.

RANGE tu: asortyment DM WHAT KIND OF SHOPS WOULD YOU EXPECT TO FIND A LARGE RANGE OF GOODS ? I'd expect to ... either in a village store or in a big store in the city ...

DROP IN

wpaść do kogoś

DO YOU LIKE FRIENDS DROPPING IN FOR A CHAT, OR DO YOU PREFER THEM TO GIVE YOU A RING TO LET YOU KNOW THEY'RE COMING ?WHY ?/ Yes, I like friends ... or ... I prefer them... ON BUSINESS w interesie

ON HOLIDAY na wakacjach

TELL powiedzieć

HOLIDAYMAKER wczasowicz, wczasowiczka

AT A HOTEL OR A RAILWAY STATION, HOW CAN YOU TELL THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN PEOPLE WHO ARE ON HOLIDAY AND THOSE WHO ARE ON BUSINESS ? At a hotel... holidaymakers usually look more relaxed and less hurried, and usually wear brighter clothes... 1093 SACK worek DEEPLY głęboko

GET THE SACK zwolnić

EMPLOYMENT zatrudnienie

DEPRESSED przygnębiony

WHAT DO WE USE SACKS FOR?

REACT reagować

FORM / forma, formować We use sacks for transporting things like vegetables, especially potatoes ...

WHAT DOES THE EXPRESSION MEAN "TO GET THE SACK"? The expression ... to be dismissed from employment... HOW WOULD YOU REACT IF YOU WERE UNFAIRLY SACKED FROM A JOB YOU LIKED, ESPECIALLY IF THERE WERE MASS UNEMPLOYMENT AT THE TIME, PARTICULARLY IN YOUR KIND OF WORK ?/ If I were unfairly... I'd feel very angry ... extremely upset... deeply depressed at the thought of being without any form of employment ... STALE nieświeży, czerstwy, stęchły

OXYGEN tlen

WHAT'S THE PROBLEM WITH STALE AIR IN THE CLASSROOM, AND HOW CAN ONE CURE IT ? The problem with ... it lacks oxygen, which is needed for keeping the brain fresh ... it can be cured by opening the windows or doors after each lesson ... 1094 VOCABULARY WITH EXAMPLES:NOT ONLY ... BUT ALSO nie tylko ... ale ... Not only had we lost our way, but we had also lost our compass. GET AT dotrzeć, dosięgnąć

I was not able to get at the books on the top shelf. AID

pomoc

A great deal of financial aid will be required if the experiment is to be continued./ BLANK czysty, niezapisany, pustka

The student sat for quite some time with a blank expression on his face, looking at the blank sheet of exam paper lying before him on his desk. CAREER 305° kariera

He felt he would not be suited to a career in politics, so he went into medicine instead. 1095 DEPART odjechać

DEPARTURE odjazd

We can see what time the trains depart from the departure board at the railway station. ELEMENTARY elementarny, podstawowy

We can't allow him to play. He doesn't even understand the elementary rules of the game./ FARE opłata za przejazd

Having spent every penny I had with me, I realised too late that I hadn't any money for my bus fare home. FEE opłata

The word fee is generally used to describe the payment we make to a doctor, a private teacher or a lawyer. GENUINE autentyczny

The tie seemed to be made of genuine silk, but it was not easy to tell. HANDSOME

przystojny

"Handsome" we generally use to describe a man, whilst "beautiful" we use for a 1096 woman. IMAGE obraz, wizerunek

The boy looked the exact image of his father; even his smile was the same./

MARGIN

margines, brzeg

Various remarks on the composition had been written in the margin of the page. We walked all round the margin of the lake. CALL IN wpaść z wizytą Shall we call in to see Mary on our way home? NEEDLESS

niepotrzebny, zbędny

Needless to say I accepted the job at once. OBLIGE zobowiązać, dać, pożyczyć (komuś) I would like to oblige you, but I'm afraid I haven't got what you want. We were obliged to wait for quite some time. IF ONLY gdyby tylko

DISHONEST

nieuczciwy...

If only we had known how dishonest he was, we would never 1097 have employed him. / PHASE faza, okres We are now in the final phase of the Callan Method. RACKET hałas, wrzawa, rakieta

GANG gang

GANGSTER gangster

TWENTIES dwudzieste

THIRTIES trzydzieste The gang of youths made such a racket in the street that eventually the police had to be called. Tennis rackets are very much lighter in weight these days than they were in the old days. Most of the rackets in America in the twenties and thirties were controlled by gangsters. AT LUNCH w czasie posiłku We were sitting at lunch when we heard the bad news. REGION

region

The Arctic and Antarctic regions are two of the coldest places on earth./

SCHEME układ, plan 1098 The scheme for building a new factory in the area was not accepted by the local inhabitants. TASK zadanie The task of organising the work was immense.

BREAK - UP runięcie, upadek, zakończenie nauki

JAR słoik

The break-up of the marriage was expected by everybody. He broke the jar up with a hammer before putting it into the rubbish bag.

UNEASY zmartwiony, niespokojny We lost radio contact with the aircraft and felt very uneasy about the safety of those on board. VOCABULARY FOR TRANSLATION:ALBUM

AMBULANCE

ANYWAY

album

ambulans

tak czy owak

CABIN

DISTRICT

kabina

rejon, okolica

PILLOW poduszka

BALL (DANCE)

bal

FORTNIGHT dwa tygodnie

GROCER właściciel sklepu spożyw

SAUSAGE

SLEEVE

kiełbasa

rękaw

1099 LESSON 164 GET AWAY

odejść, odchodzić

NERVOUS

nerwowy

NERVOUS EXHAUSTION

nerwowe wyczerpanie

EXHAUST

wyczerpywać HEART-ATTACK atak serce

WHAT OFTEN HAPPENS TO HIGH-PRESSURE BUSINESS-MEN WHO WORK TOO HARD AND NEVER EVEN GET AWAY FOR THE NORMAL ANNUAL HOLIDAY ? High-pressure businessmen who... often finish up suffering from high blood-pressure or nervous exhaustion, and could even drop dead from a sudden heart-attack ...

OUT OF PLACE poza miejscem (duchem nieobecni) CONFERENCE

COMPOSER kompozytor

konferencja

MEDICAL medyczny

CONGRESS/ kongres

GIVE ME AN EXAMPLE OF PEOPLE FEELING AND LOOKING OUT OF PLACE; THAT IS, ON WHAT KIND OF OCCASIONS WOULD CERTAIN PEOPLE FEEL AND LOOK OUT OF PLACE? An example of people ...a painter or a composer being present at a medical conference or commercial congress ... 1100 TENSE napięty, nerwowy

RESPOND odpowiadać, reagować

GRIP chwytać

AVAILABLE możliwe, wolne

STIFFEN usztywniać, zgęścić EXCITE podniecać, pobudzać

HOW DO PEOPLE USUALLY RESPOND PHYSICALLY TO A TENSE SITUATION ?/ People usually respond ... by becoming tense themselves; their bodies stiffen, they grip any available object, like the arm of a chair, and might become nervously excited... GO OFF zepsuć się, wybuchnąć STAND A CHANCE wykorzystać okazję

GO AFTER ścigać, gonić ARMED uzbrojony

GUNMAN rewolwerowiec UNARMED nieuzbrojony

CHANCE traf, szansa DESPERATE zdesperowany

IF YOU HEARD A GUN GO OFF IN THE STREET AND SAW THE GUNMAN DASHING PAST YOU, WOULD YOU GO AFTER HIM ? - WHY OR WHY NOT ?/ If I heard ... as an unarmed person I would stand no chance against an armed and perhaps desperate criminal... AT A TIME

... na raz

DO YOU FIND THAT TROUBLES SELDOM COME TO YOU ONE AT A TIME BUT IN THREES AND FOURS ? - WHY DO YOU SUPPOSE THIS IS ? Yes, I find... 1101 LAWFUL legalny, prawowity UNNECESSARILY

UNLAWFUL bezprawny niekoniecznie

MOTOR-BIKE motorower

BIKE rower

CAN YOU THINK OF ANYTHING WHICH IS QUITE LAWFUL, BUT WHICH YOU THINK SHOULD BE MADE UNLAWFUL ?/ Yes, I can think ... people dropping rubbish in the streets, motor-bikes making an unnecessarily loud noise... HAND IN podawać, wręczać HOW DO YOU FEEL WHEN YOU HAND IN YOUR PAPERS AT THE END OF AN EXAM ? When I hand in ... worried ... relieved that it's all over... BY SIGHT z widzenia

BY NAME z imienia

DO YOU EVER FIND ON MEETING SOMEONE FOR THE SECOND TIME THAT YOU RECOGNISE THEM BY SIGHT BUT NOT BY NAME ? - AND HOW DO YOU OVERCOME YOUR EMBARRASSMENT ?/ Yes, I sometimes ... say nothing about having forgotten their name and hope it will come to me during the course of the conversation ... or say "I'm sorry, last time we met I didn't quite catch your name ..." 1102 MOOD nastrój

VARY zmieniać, urozmaicać

ARE YOU THE TYPE OF PERSON WHOSE MOODS VARY FROM DAY TO DAY, OR EVEN FROM HOUR TO HOUR, OR ARE YOUR MOODS FAIRLY STEADY AND CONSTANT ? Yes, I'm the type ... or... No, I'm not... HANG ABOUT stać, bezczynnie ON WHAT KIND OF OCCASIONS ARE PEOPLE KEPT HANGING ABOUT ?/ People are kept... when they pay a visit to their doctor, to a hospital, to a government department... IN INK atramentem

IN PENCIL ołówkiem

CANDIDATE

EXAMINER

kandydat

egzaminujący

WHY ARE CANDIDATES IN AN EXAM USUALLY ASKED TO WRITE IN INK RATHER THAN IN PENCIL? Candidates in an ... in order to make it easier for the examiner to read ... NORTHWARD

SOUTHWARD

północny

południowy

EASTWARD

wschodni

WESTWARD zachodni

WHAT DO NORTHWARD, SOUTHWARD, EASTWARD AND WESTWARD MEAN ? Northward,... towards the north, towards the south ...

1103 KEEP OFF tu: niedeptać WHAT DOES THE NOTICE "KEEP OFF THE GRASS" MEAN ? The notice ... don't walk on the grass...

AFFECT wzruszyć, poruszyć WHAT KIND OF MUSIC AFFECTS YOU THE MOST DEEPLY?/

The kind of...

VOCABULARY WITH EXAMPLES:AUTHOR

VOLUME

autor

tom, księga, rozmiar, siła z wyjątkiem

OVERFLOW wystąpić,

przelać się, topić się

EXCEPT FOR EXTENT3100

BRITISH

przedłużać

brytyjski

TANK

czołg SHIP (v)

zaokrętować (towary)

The volume of noise created in the cities of the world these days can have a serious effect on people's health, especially on their nerves - often without them realising it. I have the complete works of that author, except for volume three. The volume of liquid in the tank increased to such an extent that the tank began to overflow. 1104 When tanks were first invented, in the First World War, the British government shipped them in giant containers marked "tanks", as though they were tanks of liquid or gas. This was to hide their movements from the enemy. Ever since then they have been called tanks. /

WEEP

popłakać się, płakać

POETIC

poetyczny

"To weep" is similar to "to cry", except that "cry" is used in a more general sense, whilst "weep" is used more for sorrow or sadness; although one can weep for joy. "Weep" is probably stronger and more poetic in its use. Unlike "cry", the word "weep", however, does not also mean "to shout". AS FOR co się tyczy..., co do... As for the failure of the water supply, we can only apologise for any inconvenience it may have caused./

CHEERFUL

wesoły, pogodny

If a place of work looks bright and cheerful, the chances are that the people working in it will feel bright and cheerful too.

DISTINCT wyczuwalny, wyróżniający się

DISTINCTION wyróżnienie, różnica

LANDING

zejście na ląd

1105 There was a distinct smell of gas as we approached the landing at the top of the stairs. The distinction in pronunciation between the words "word" and "world" is not very great. The aircraft made a perfect three-point landing. CARE ABOUT troszczyć się (o kogoś)

ENVIRONMENT otoczenie

He doesn't seem to care about his environment or even about his own personal appearance./ ELSEWHERE gdzie indziej I'm awfully sorry, but we haven't got what you want in stock. I hope you'll be able to find it elsewhere. FOUNDATION fundament, podstawa The building eventually fell down, because its foundations were not strong enough. LOUNGE

hoi

He met h'er quite by chance as she was coming out of the hotel lounge. GLIMPSE

przelotne spojrzenie, ujrzeć w przelocie

1106 I caught a glimpse of the car just as it disappeared round a bend in the road. HANDY poręczny, przydatny I'll keep this piece of wire. It might come in handy for repairing things./ I always like to keep an extra pen handy, in case 1 lose the one I am using. COME DOWN

obniżyć, spaść

SALES obniżka cen, wyprzedaż

The price of goods in the shops can sometimes come down quite considerably during the sales. INCOME

dochód

EARNINGS

zarobki

Income tax is the government tax that people pay on their weekly, monthly or yearly earnings. The firm's income increased greatly last year.

MATURE dojrzewać Some cheeses go soft when they mature. 1107 The young man was surprisingly mature for his age. OUTLINE szkic, kontuar, szkicować, nakreślać

DAWN świtać, brzask

We could just see the outline of a house in the distance./ The officer outlined the plan of attack for dawn the next day. PRESERVE konserwować, zabezpieczyć The building had been preserved in very good condition over the centuries. DROP BACK zostawać w tyle

RUNNER biegacz

For some time he led the race, but then began to feel exhausted and started dropping back behind the other runners. PRIMARY główny, podstawowy

SECONDARY drugorzędny, wtórny

Good health is not of secondary importance if we wish to lead a happy life; it is of primary importance. 1108 RESIDENT rezydent, stały mieszkaniec

VISITOR zwiedzający, gość

The resident population, as distinct, from visitors and tourists, is quite small./ SECURE bezpieczny

SECURITY zabezpieczenie, bezpieczeństwo

ROBBERY rozbój

PENSION emerytura, renta

Most people these days expect to feel secure against robbery in their houses, and to have the security of a pension in their old age. TECHNIQUE technika They now use a new technique in the manufacture of such products. The technique she uses in handling animals is extraordinary. GET UP wstać, podnieść się, dotrzeć

GET DOWN zejść, schodzić

We say that we get down from a train if the carriage doors are higher than the station platform, and get out of a train if the doors are at the same level as the platform. The opposite of "get down" is "get up", whilst the opposite of "get out or1 is "get into"./ We also tell a dog to get down if it keeps standing on its back legs and putting its muddy paws on our clothes to greet us.

1109 UNIT jednostka A unit is a single thing. A large organisation is usually broken up into small units to make it easier to manage. We also talk of units of energy or units of measurement. An inch, for example, is a unit of measurement. VOCABULARY FOR TRANSLATION:ANKLE kostka

BLANKET koc

COOKER kuchenka do gotowania PURSE portfel

PYJAMAS piżama

DICTATION 99

BOOT but, trzewik

FOUNTAIN fontanna SWEATER sweter SLIPPERY

CALENDAR kalendarz

FRY smażyć

PROFESSOR profesor

TRACTOR traktor

śliski

On the donkey's back/ was strapped a trunk/ full of all manner of stuf!7 - shells, combs, a bag of rice,/ an old typewriter and so on./ The meat bled slightly/ as it was slowly roasted./ The car suddenly gave a roar/ as it shot up the steep slope./ Only a coward/ would drop his shield/ and run during a battle./ The shower had made the soil/ rather slippery./ If we stood in the ditch,/ we could pick the berries/ from the hedge./ The cold air made us tremble/ and cough continuously./ The pipe burst/ and water flooded the room and passage,/ running in a fast current/ down the steps./ Henry took a towel/ with a kind of striped pattern on it/ and curled it round the pipe/ to decrease the flooding. 1110 LESSON 165 ON A JOURNEY w podróż

NEWSAGENT kiosk z gazetami

ON SALE do sprzedania

NOVEL opowiadanie

MAGAZINE magazyn BEFORE LEAVING ON A LONG TRAIN JOURNEY, DO YOU LOOK AROUND THE STATION BOOKSHOP OR NEWSAGENT TO SEE WHAT KIND OF NOVELS AND MAGAZINES ARE ON SALE? - WHY OR WHY NOT? Before leaving... because I like something to read on the train... or... I usually pack a novel for the journey... or... I don't like to read on the train but prefer to talk to the passengers... LOOK OUT uważać WHAT IS MEANT WHEN SOMEONE SHOUTS "LOOK OUT!"? When someone shouts "Look out!" they mean be careful... usually because there's the danger of being hit by something ...

PARK parkować

CAR PARK

parking

WHEN A CAR PARK IS FULL, WHERE DOES A DRIVER HAVE TO PARK 1111 HIS CAR ? When a ... in the street or outside the town ... DEAF głuchy

DUMB

niemy, oniemiały

WHICH DO YOU THINK IS WORST, TO BE DEAF, DUMB OR BLIND? - WHY?/ I think it's worst... MAKE FOR skierować się

EXIT wyjście

IF YOU SUDDENLY HEARD SOMEBODY SHOUT "FIRE !" WHICH EXIT OF THIS BUILDING WOULD YOU MAKE FOR? If I suddenly ... the nearest... ENTRY wejście WHAT DOES A "NO ENTRY" SIGN MEAN ?

A "no entry"... that one can't enter that particular street or door etc.

AT WAR w stanie wojny. WHICH COUNTRIES OF THE WORLD ARE AT WAR WITH ONE ANOTHER AT THE MOMENT? ... are at war with ... 1112 GOSSIP

plotka, plotkować

DO YOU ENJOY LISTENING TO GOSSIP ? - AND HOW MUCH OF IT DO YOU BELIEVE IS TRUE ? Yes, I enjoy ... or... No, I don't... THUMB (v) wskazywać kciukiem

LIFT (n)

podwiezienie

WHAT DOES IT MEAN "TO HITCH-HIKE" ? - AND ARE YOU FOR OR AGAINST HITCH-HIKING, AND WHY?/ To "hitch-hike" means to stand on the side of the road and thumb a lift from passing cars... PULL IN

wjechać

ACCELERATE

przyspieszyć

DOES A TRAIN ACCELERATE WHEN IT PULLS INTO A STATION? No, a train ... but it slows down ...

IMPRESS wywierać dobre wrażenie

IMPRESSIVE

imponujący

WHICH PERSON, THAT YOU HAVE SEEN OR MET, HAS IMPRESSED YOU THE MOST, AND WHAT WAS MOST IMPRESSIVE ABOUT HIM (OR HER) ?/ The person I've ... who has impressed me ...

ESTIMATE

3150

szacować

PAINTING

obraz, malowidło

1113 HOW GOOD ARE YOU AT ESTIMATING THE COST OF THINGS, SUCH AS HOUSES, PAINTINGS, CLOTHES ETC. ? I'm ... LEAK przeciek, przeciekać

IN DANGER w niebezpieczeństwie

WHAT IS A SHIP IN DANGER OF DOING WHEN IT LEAKS ?

NATURAL

NATURALLY

PROCESS

naturalny

naturalnie

proces, przetworzyć

A ship is ... sinking...

WHAT DO WE MEAN BY NATURAL FOOD? By natural... that which has been produced naturally and not by an artificial process ...

PUT OUT zgasić, ugasić WHAT'S THE QUICKEST WAY TO PUT OUT A SMALL FIRE?/ The quickest... to throw a bucket of water over it...

NOD skinąć WHAT AM I DOING ?

You're nodding your head

1114 VOCABULARY WITH EXAMPLES:CHILDHOOD

dzieciństwo

Some people remember their childhood very clearly, others remember very little about it. DRAIN

odwadniać, odprowadzać wodę, ściek

Ditches were dug around the fields in order to drain the water from the land. Rain water from the roof passes down the drain-pipes and into the drains below the house, which are connected to the town drains.

ESTABLISH założyć, ustanowić

PROCEDURE

postępowanie, sposób

We had to establish a new procedure for doing the job. BY POST

pocztą

I decided to deliver the letter personally rather than send it by post./ FRANK szczery, otwarty He was very frank with me, and told me the real reason he was giving 1115 me the sack. GLOW żarliwość, jarzyć się promieniować

A WHILE chwila, moment

GO OUT wyjść, wyjechać

The fire glowed for a while in the darkness of the room before going out. She felt a glow of pride as she received the prize. IN BED w łóżku

FLU (OR FLUE)

grypa

He had been in bed all day with the flu. INSURE ubezpieczyć się

INSURANCE ubezpieczenie

THEFT kradzież, złodziejstwo

Individuals and companies these days can insure themselves against loss of property through theft or fire./ The insurance company had to pay out a very considerable insurance to the owner of the ship that was sunk. MEDIUM środek, średni

LANE droga, tor, zaułek

MOTORWAY autostrada

The word "medium" means average or middle. For example, "The medium height 1116 for children of all ages has increased recently" and "On a three-lane motorway, one lane is for fast traffic, one is for slow, whilst the middle lane is for traffic going at a medium speed". HAVE ON

mieć na sobie

I had on my best suit, as it was a very special occasion./ OUTPUT produkcja, wydajność

OWING TO z powodu, wskutek

The factory's output shot up last year owing to the increased demand for its products. PREVIOUS

poprzedni

I remember seeing them both on a previous occasion, but I can't remember their names. SERIES seria, szereg There was such a series of similar crimes in the area that it seemed they were committed by the same person. TERRITORY terytorium

INVADE

najechać

Animals usually fight quite violently to prevent other animals invading their 1117 territory. OUT OF DANGER

poza zagrożeniem

For some time we were in great danger of sinking as the ship rolled around in the storm. When at last we were out of danger, we all felt greatly relieved./ COACH

powóz, autobus, trener

A coach is a railway carriage, or it can be a bus, usually used for long-distance travel. It can also mean a person who coaches (or trains) a team or a single individual in a sport. FROWN zmarszczyć brwi, dezaprobata People frown when they are puzzled or annoyed. KNOCK DOWN zwalić, wywrócić, powalić

KNOCK OUT wybić, znokautować

CYCLIST motocyklista

OPPONENT przeciwnik

ROUND okrągły, około, zaokrąglać

The boxer was knocked down several times, but his opponent never succeeded in knocking him out. 1118 The building was knocked down by the builders in a matter of a few hours./ The old lady was knocked down by the cyclist as she was crossing the road. Our team was knocked out of the competition in the first round. GRAND wielki, główny, wspaniały

MAGNIFICENT wspaniały

"Grand" means fine, magnificent or most important. For example - We had a grand holiday last year in the South of France. A grand reception dinner was arranged for the visiting head of state. The Grand Canal in Venice has been painted by many artists throughout the centuries./ INTERIOR wnętrze, wewnętrzny

EXTERIOR zewnętrzny

DECORATE dekorować

The interior of the house had been beautifully decorated in rather cheerful colours, but the exterior parts looked very dull. The boat that led the procession was magnificently decorated with flowers. 1119 OUT OF THE QUESTION wykluczony TOTALLY całkowicie, kompletnie

I'm sorry; you can't borrow my car. It's totally out of the question. You've had too many accidents. FRONTIER granica

The word "frontier" usually means the same as "border" except that it is perhaps used more in the military sense. MERELY po prostu, tylko, jedynie

No one could disagree with me, as I was merely stating the facts of the case./ RING OFF

kończyć rozmowę telef.

She did not wish to continue the argument on the phone, so she rang off- i.e. put the phone down. PRINCIPLE zasada, normy

RHINE Ren

DANUBE Dunaj

GEOMETRY

geometria

The words "principal" and "principle" have the same pronunciation, but "principal" means the most important, e.g. the principal rivers of Europe are the Rhine, the Danube etc.; whilst "principle" means a basic truth or a guiding rule, e.g. the principles of geometry, or, the moral principles which people live by. 1120 VOCABULARY FOR TRANSLATION:BRIDE

BRIDEGROOM panna młoda pan młody HONEY

miód

DIARY

pamiętnik

FAME GIFT rozgłos, fama prezent, upominek

INTERPRET JOG KETTLE interpretować trącić, pobudzać czajnik

LECTURE wykład

MAID

pokojówka

LESSON 166 BY SURPRISE

nieoczekiwane

START rozpocząć, ruszyć

HOW DO PEOPLE USUALLY REACT WHEN THEY ARE CAUGHT DOING SOMETHING, BY SURPRISE? People usually ... by giving a start ... letting out a cry of surprise ... RESEARCH praca naukowa 1121 REACTION reakcja

INITIAL inicjał początkowy, wstępny

LOTTERY loteria

PROJECT projekt

3200

zaskoczyć, AMAZE wprawić w zdumienie

SURVEY badanie

CURRENT bieżący

AMAZEMENT zaskoczenie, zdumienie

WHEN DOING RESEARCH FOR ANY KIND OF PROJECT, WHAT IS THE VALUE, OR IMPORTANCE, OF CARRYING OUT AN INITIAL SURVEY ON THE SUBJECT ?/ When doing ... to find out the current situation ... discover people's opinions on the matter ... WHAT ARE YOUR INITIALS ?

My initials are M.F.R. (Mario Franco Rossi)

WHAT IS USUALLY A PERSON'S INITIAL REACTION TO BEING TOLD HE (OR SHE) HAS WON A PRIZE, OR A LOT OF MONEY ON THE FOOTBALL POOLS OR IN A LOTTERY ?/ A person's... one of shocked amazement SELECT wybierać

SELECTION wybór

ACCURATE(LY) ściśle, dokładnie

CRAZY szalony

VAST rozległy, obszerny, ogromny

ITEM pozycja

DRIVE CRAZY doprowadzać kogoś do szału

WHAT ARE THE ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF SELECTING THINGS FROM A VAST SELECTION OF ITEMS? The advantages of selecting things from a vast selection of items are that you are more likely to find more accurately what it is you are looking for ... the disadvantages are that the vast selection can drive you crazy trying to decide which item to choose ...

1122 ODD nieparzysty, zbywający, dziwny

LAUNDRY pralnia, bielizna do prania

LAUNDERETTE pralnia samoobsługowa

WHAT ARE ODD NUMBERS AND EVEN NUMBERS ?/ Odd numbers are 1, 3, 5, 7 etc., whilst even numbers are 2, 4, 6, 8 etc.

WHY DO YOU SUPPOSE IT IS THAT WHEN PEOPLE RETURN HOME FROM THE LAUNDERETTE OR GET THEIR LAUNDRY BACK FROM THE LAUNDRY, THEY OFTEN FIND THEY HAVE AN ODD SOCK LEFT OVER AFTER THEY HAVE MATCHED THEIR SOCKS TOGETHER ? I suppose ... a sock is such a small article of clothing that it is easily lost... WHAT DO WE MEAN BY "AN ODD FELLOW" ?/

GET BACK POLICEMAN

By "an odd fellow"... a strange or peculiar man ...

dostać (coś z powrotem), posunąć się do tyłu) policjant

IF YOU WERE WATCHING A PROCESSION IN THE STREET AND A POLICEMAN ASKED YOU TO GET BACK, WHAT WOULD HE WANT YOU TO DO ? If I were ... move back IF YOU LEFT HOME AT 4 O'CLOCK AND SAID YOU WOULD BE AWAY 1123 FOR AN HOUR, AT WHAT TIME WOULD YOU GET BACK?/ If I left... 5 o'clock DO YOU ALWAYS GET BACK WHAT YOU LEND OTHERS (I.E. OTHER PEOPLE) ? No, I don't... SCARE

przestraszyć

WHAT KIND OF THING SCARES YOU MORE THAN ANYTHING ELSE? The kind of... TINY drobny, malusieftki WHAT WORD CAN WE USE FOR "VERY SMALL" ?/

We can use "tiny"...

VEHICLE

REAR tył, tylny

powóz

VAN

LORRY furgonetka ciężarówka

TRUCK wóz, ciężarówka

NAME ME SOME TYPES OF VEHICLES. Some types ... are cars, vans, lorries (or trucks), motor-bikes, horse-drawn carts... WHY DO SOME LORRIES HAVE "LONG VEHICLE" WRITTEN ON THEIR REAR ENDS ? Some lorries ... to indicate to the vehicles coming behind that it will be difficult to pass them ... APPEAL zainteresowanie, zwrócić się

WORLD-WIDE

światowy

1124 WHAT SORT OF SPORTING EVENTS HAVE WORLD-WIDE APPEAL?/ The sort... the Olympic Games, the World Cup, Wimbledon ...

WHO DO YOU USUALLY APPEAL TO WHEN YOU NEED HELP DESPERATELY ? I usually ... my parents, a close friend of mine ...

ANNOUNCE ogłaszać, zawiadamiać

ANNOUNCER spiker, konferansjer

ACADEMY akademia

B.B.C. (British Broadcasting Corporation) CORPORATION korporacja

BASICALLY z gruntu

IRISH irlandzki

BROADCAST tansmisja, transmitować

NEUTRAL neutralny

ENSURE zapewnić, zabezpieczyć

AS THER E IS NO ENGLISH ACADEMY TO D ETERMINE EN GLISH PRONUNCIATION, AND AS THERE ARE MANY ACCENTS (YORKSHIRE, IRISH, TEXAN ETC.) AMONG ENGLISH SPEAKERS, HOW CAN ONE KNOW WHAT STANDARD ENGLISH PRONUNCIATION SOUNDS LIKE?/ As there is no ... by listening to the newsreaders and programme announcers on B.B.C. radio and television ...

1125 BLUNT tępy, stępić WHATS THE OPPOSITE OF A SHARP KNIFE OR A SHARP PENCIL ?/ The opposite ... blunt... VOCABULARY WITH EXAMPLES:-

SETTING

ułożenie, układ, oprawa

The garden provided a perfect setting for Shakespeare's A Midsummer Night's Dream.

IN THE END w końcu, ostatecznie After much arguing we all decided, in the end, not to go to the cinema at all, but to go to a restaurant instead.

COLUMN kolumna

PILLAR kolumna, skup, filar

VERTICAL pionowy

1126 The word "column" has several uses. The pillars of a Greek or Roman temple are called columns. The vertical divisions of a printed page are called columns. And a vertical list of numbers is called a column of figures. FUNDS

kapitał, fundusze

INSUFFICIENT niedostasteczny, nieodpowiedni

The project could not go ahead, owing to insufficient funds./

SEE THROUGH

przejrzeć (kogoś, coś)

It was easy to see through his argument. He was clearly trying to hide the true facts of the case.

GRANT nadać, przyznać To her amazement, her demand for more financial aid was immediately granted.

MISSING

brakujący, nieobecny, zaginiony

I was reading a second-hand novel the other day and found to my great annoyance that one of the pages was missing. It made it very difficult to follow the story line.

AT ANY RATE w każdym razie At any rate, we enjoyed ourselves, even though it rained most of the time./

1127 SHED BACKYARD szopa, zrzucić, tracić, ronić podwórko z tyłu domu

HUNTER myśliwy

A shed is similar to a hut, except that we think of a shed as being in the garden or backyard of a house, used for storing things in, whilst a hut could be used for living in temporarily; hunters or mountain-climbers, for example, might build themselves a hut.

CONCERNING

dotyczące

CONCLUDE

kończyć, wnioskować

Concerning the latest research into the matter, it appears that we still have a long way to go before the case can be concluded./ PUT ON włożyć, włączyć, przytyć SWITCH OFF wyłączyć

PUT OFF (OR PUT OUT) wyłączyć, odradzić

TURN ON włączyć

SWITCH ON włączyć

TURN OFF (OR TURN OUT) wyłączyć

"Put on, switch on, turn on" etc. all mean basically the same thing, and can be used for the light, the radio, the TV, the gas etc., e.g. turn on the gas; switch off the radio etc. We can also use "put out" instead of "put off', and "turn out" instead of "turn off, but only for light and gas: not for radio or TV./ When people eat too much and exercise too little, they soon put on weight. 1128 MOUNT góra, wchodzić na górę We mounted our horses and began slowly to mount the hill.

SOCIAL towarzyski, społeczny She enjoys social occasions, as she likes talking with interesting people. BY ALL MEANS

oczywiście

By all means, bring your friend to the party. I would like to meet him. CONDUCT prowadzić, przewodzić

MANAGEMENT kierownictwo,zarządzanie

His conduct was so bad, we had to report him to the management. SOMEHOW jakoś No matter how careful I am, I always somehow seem to finish up making the same mistake each time./ TURN OVER przewrócić, odwrócić, zmienić We turn an object over. We turn each page over when we read a book. And we turn over in bed from sleeping on one side of our body to sleeping on the other. 1129 CONTRACT

umowa, kurczyć się

DRAW UP

PARTY wciągnąć, sporządzić, podjechać przyjęcie

EXPAND rozszerzać

A contract was drawn up and settled by both parties. Instead of expanding, the business began slowly to contract. The taxi drew up in front of the hotel and a young lady got out. SOURCE źródło, początek The actual source of the river was not finally discovered until the latter part of the 18th century./ IN PIECES w kawałkach

VASE wazon, waza

After digging for some time, we came across an ancient vase which was in pieces. We managed, however, to stick it together again quite easily. ANALYSE analizować

ANALYSIS analiza

When the substance was analysed, it was found to contain poison. BANG trzask, huk The gun went off with a bang that could be heard at the other end of the street.

1130 BREAK OUT

uciec

JAIL (OR GAOL)

COUNTRYSIDE

więzienie, uwięzić

okolica

The prisoners broke out of the jail and hid in the surrounding countryside. CELEBRATE

świętować

People throughout the world celebrate different days of the year according to their religion. VOCABULARY FOR TRANSLATION:3250

BULLET

CLIMATE

GLUE

MAJORITY

kula, pocisk

klimat

klej, kleić

większość

MINORITY

MONSTER

PILOT

SUBURB

mniejszość

potwór

pilot

przedmieście

TIMETABLE

VACATION

WALLET

rozkład, plan

zwolnienie, wakacje

torba, portfel

DICTATION 100

The poor beast stood waiting/ with great patience./ The bird swallowed the jewel / as though/ it had been a piece of food./ The cushions in the room/ were all covered with fur./ The curtains had been made/ into a big bundle/ and put into a large/ copper-coloured bucket./ The bar of soap/ weighed several ounces,/ and its breadth/ was not much less than its 1131 length./ One could see/ that part of the spade/ was made of brass./ There was no cure/ for the disease/ that had struck the crop,/ and so a large percentage was lost./ Neither a bribe nor a threat/ could force him to do as we wished./ We found some string and paper/ in the chest of drawers/ with which to wrap up the parcel. LESSON 167 REVERSE odwrócić, unieważnić, odwrotny COUNT FROM ONE TO FIVE IN REVERSE ORDER, PLEASE ! SNEEZE

kichnąć, kichnięcie

BLESS YOU !

5, 4, 3,2, 1

tu: na zdrowie

WHAT DO PEOPLE SAY WHEN A PERSON SNEEZES IN THIS COUNTRY? People say ... (In England they say "Bless you !") CONCENTRATE

skupić się

SCIENTIFIC

naukowy

WHAT KIND OF ACTIVITIES REQUIRE PEOPLE TO CONCENTRATE TO A HIGH DEGREE?/ The kind of... scientific experiments, certain kinds of sport... TERROR terror

TERRORIST terrorysta

CITIZEN obywatel

WHY IS A TERRORIST CALLED A TERRORIST? A terrorist is... because he tries to create terror among the innocent citizens of a country...

1132

IN LOVE zakochany HOW CAN WE TELL WHEN PEOPLE ARE IN LOVE ? We can tell... they hold hands, walk arm-in-arm, put their arms round each other, laugh at each other's jokes, even when they are not funny ... WIND (v) - WOUND - WOUND

zwinąć, nakręcić

WHAT AM I PRETENDING TO DO? You're pretending to wind a piece of string, or something similar, around your arm (or head)... COULD WE DESCRIBE A MOTORWAY AS A WINDING TYPE OF ROAD?/ No, we couldn't... motorways are usually quite straight YAWN ziewać WHAT AM I PRETENDING TO DO ? LOOK OVER przejrzeć, przeglądać

You're pretending to yawn

PURCHASE zakupić

IN ORDER w porządku

WHY SHOULD ONE CAREFULLY LOOK OVER A HOUSE OR A CAR BEFORE PURCHASING IT? One should carefully ...to see that there is nothing wrong with it... to see that everything works all right, and that everything is in order ... 1133 CASH

gotówka

CREDIT kredyt

DO MOST PEOPLE THESE DAYS PAY FOR THINGS IN CASH OR BY SOME OTHER MEANS, SUCH AS CREDIT CARDS, CHARGE CARDS, BANKERS' CARDS, CHEQUES ETC.? - WHY?/ Most people these days ... GET ON

posuwać się na przód, wieść się

CONSTANT stały, niezmienny

WHAT DOES A PERSON MEAN WHEN HE ASKS YOU HOW YOU ARE GETTING ON ? When a person asks ... how am I progressing... or ... how am I feeling ... is everything going all right ? ... WHAT DOES ONE HAVE TO DO IN ORDER TO GET ON IN LIFE ? ... study hard, work hard, be constant in one's purpose ... DENSE zwarty, gęsty

DENSELY szczelnie, gęsto

POPULATE zaludniać

WHICH IS ONE OF THE MOST DENSELY POPULATED COUNTRIES IN THE WORLD ?/ ... is one of the ... 1134 ERECT TIGHTEN napiąć, wznieść, naprężyć zacisnąć, ścisnąć

ATTACH dołączyć, zamocować

PEG kołek, zatyczka

HOW DOES ONE ERECT A TENT? One erects a tent by knocking poles into the ground, hanging the tent on the poles and then pulling the canvas out in all directions, and tightening it by attaching ropes to wooden or metal pegs knocked into the ground... FEATURE

cecha

WHAT ARE THE MAIN FEATURES OF THE COUNTRYSIDE AROUND THIS CITY (TOWN, VILLAGE)? The main features... the land is flat... or... the countryside is very hilly...

ON TIME

punktualnie

DO YOU ALWAYS ARRIVE ON TIME FOR AN APPOINTMENT ? - WHY OR WHY NOT ?/ Yes, I always ... or ... No, I don't... VOCABULARY WITH EXAMPLES:-

DAMN

do licha!

DAM tama

"Damn" is a mild curse word. People often say "Damn it!" when they are angry or when things go wrong. 1135 A dam, on the other hand, is a construction built across a river to block the flow of water. AT ALL COSTS za wszelką cenę We must get there at all costs no later than 6 o'clock.

ENGAGE zaangażować, zatrudnić

PART - TIME pół etatu

INTITIALLY początkowo

FULL - TIME cały etat

TYPIST

maszynistka

I was initially engaged as a part-time typist with the promise of full-time employment later on. FASCINATE fascynować She thought she was in love with him, but soon came to realise that she was just fascinated by him./ GANGWAY przejście "Please keep the gangway clear, otherwise people cannot get to their seats!" HANDFUL

pełna garść

He took a handful of nuts from the paper bag and put them into his mouth. 1136 BY FAR o wiele, o całe niebo He was by far the tallest person there. By far the most important thing to remember when driving is to keep a good distance from the car in front of you. INCREDIBLE

niewiarygodny

It seemed incredible that such a world record could ever be broken./ KEEN zapalony (do czegoś), chętny

PROMOTION

awans

It looks as though he will get promotion, as he seems to show a very keen interest in his work. She was very keen to know the results of the competition. CLEAR OUT

uprzątnąć, usunąć

Having been sacked, he was given only two hours to clear out the drawers of his desk and go. LAP na kolanach (u kogoś) The cat lay curled up asleep on the old lady's lap.

1137 MAINLAND kontynent, ląd stały

Sicily is a large island off the mainland of Italy. AT FIRST SIGHT od pierwszego wejrzenia At first sight I was not very impressed by what I saw./ NETWORK

sieć

There is a network of radio and television stations throughout the country. OBJECTION

sprzeciw, zarzut

"Has anyone any objection to people smoking during the discussions ?" DROP OFF wysadzić, zasnąć

CONDUCTOR dyrygent, przewodnik

The bus will drop you off at the Post Office if you ask the conductor. I find that I am so tired in the evening after a hard day's work, that I often drop off to sleep whilst watching television./ 1138 RAG

szmata

COMBINATION

kombinacja

The expression "rags to riches" describes a person who is born very poor, with clothes that look as though they are made of rags, and becomes very rich, usually through a combination of hard work, luck and intelligence. SHRINK - SHRANK - SHRUNK

skurczyć się

If you don't wash certain clothes carefully, there is the danger that they will shrink. The funds of the organisation shrank to such an extent that there was the possibility of bankruptcy./ TAN

opalenizna, opalać się

COSMETIC

kosmetyczny

The trouble with a holiday suntan is that it has a tendency to look rather yellowish after a few days. It also makes the skin look older. Like a cosmetic, it only looks good for a short time: the reason for looking good is not the tan but the fact that the person has been relaxing in the fresh air. IN ALL ogółem razem

1139 Together with last week's bill, that will be fifty pounds you owe me in all./ UNDERTAKE

przedsięwziąć, podjąć

I can't undertake to do the job at the moment, because I have too much other work on my plate. TOILET 3300

VACANT

LAVATORY wolny toaleta ubikacja On the doors of public toilets, or lavatories, one usually sees the words "engaged" or "vacant".

There were no vacant rooms at any of the hotels in the town, due to a big international conference.

WASTEFUL marnotrwany, rozrzutny

RESOURCE zasoby, środki

The world has to be very careful not to be wasteful of its natural resources. VOCABULARY FOR TRANSLATION:-

1140

COMMUNICATION

GREENGROCER

TEXT

komunikacja, wiadomość

zieleniarz

tekst

INVENTION odstęp, przerwa wynalazek

INVENTOR wynalazca

MAXIMUM

MINIMUM

maksimum

minimum

PRINCE książę

INTERVAL

JOURNALIST dziennikarz PRINCESS

księżniczka

LESSON 168 GRADE

stopień, ranga, klasyfikować

HOW MANY GRADES OF PETROL ARE THERE AT THE PETROL STATIONS IN THIS COUNTRY? There are . HUMOUR

humor

HUMOROUS

zabawny, śmieszny

WHAT IS MEANT BY A SENSE OF HUMOUR? By a sense of humour ... an ability to see the funny side of things ... WHO'S THE MOST HUMOROUS PERSON YOU KNOW ? - OR, WHO DO YOU THINK IS THE MOST HUMOROUS ACTOR OR FILM STAR ?/ ... is the most humorous... OUT OF REACH poza zasięgiem

IN REACH (OR WITHIN REACH) w zasięgu

SMASH rozbić, tłuc, rozlecieć się

1141 WHY IS IT ADVISABLE IN THE HOME TO KEEP CERTAIN OBJECTS OUT OF REACH OF SMALL CHILDREN ? It is advisable ... they might break them, or hurt themselves on them ... WHAT'S THE OPPOSITE OF "OUT OF REACH"? REVISE

The opposite of... in reach, or within reach

przejrzeć, zrewidować

WHY IS IT SO ESSENTIAL TO REVISE ALL PAST WORK BEFORE AN EXAMINATION ? / It is so essential... to fill in the gaps in our memory ... SPLASH

opryskać, ochlapać, plusnąć

IF YOU'RE STANDING AT THE SIDE OF THE ROAD BY A POOL OF WATER AND A CAR COMES ALONG, WHAT'S LIKELY TO HAPPEN? If I'm standing ... I'm likely to get splashed RING BACK

zadzwonić z powrotem

PHONE

telefonować

WHAT DOES "TO RING BACK" MEAN? "To ring back" is used when talking on the phone. If someone says they will ring you back, it means they will call you again later... LEISURE

wolny czas

PURSUE

wykonywać, spełniać

1142 HOW DO YOU FILL YOUR HOURS OF LEISURE?/ I fill my ... reading, watching TV, pursuing my favourite hobby ... RECOVER

zdrowieć

STRAIN

napiąć, nadszarpnąć, wysiłek

WHAT'S THE BEST WAY TO RECOVER FROM AN ILLNESS ? The best way ... relax, not to strain oneself in any way, take some form of mild exercise ... SCORE wynik, strzelić, zdobyć TABLE TENNIS

PLAY AWAY grać na wyjeździe

PLAY AT HOME grać na własnym bosiku

POINT punkt

tenis stołowy

WHY IS IT THAT A FOOTBALL TEAM PLAYING AT HOME USUALLY SCORES MORE GOALS THAN WHEN PLAYING AWAY ?/ The reason a football team ... is that it is surrounded by its home crowd of supporters who cheer it on

HOW MANY POINTS DOES ONE NEED TO SCORE TO WIN A GAME OF TABLE TENNIS ? One needs to score 21 points to win a game of table tennis

SET OFF wyruszyć w drogę, podróż SET OUT wystawić, wyłożyć, ozdabiać TRADER

kupiec, statek STALL

handlowy kram, stoisko, umieszczać, utknąć

1143 WHAT SORT OF THINGS ARE THEY THAT PEOPLE FIND THEY HAVE FOR GOTTEN, OR THINK THEY HAVE FORGOTTEN, AFTER THEY HAVE SET OFF, OR SET OUT, ON A JOURNEY ? The sort of things ... forgotten to lock the door, turn off the gas ... bring their money and passport with them ... WHY IS IT A MARKET TRADER SETS OUT HIS GOODS VERY CAREFULLY ON HIS STALL?/ The reason a market... to show them to their best advantage ... WHAT'S ANOTHER MEANING OF THE WORD "STALL" ? Another meaning ... is when an engine fails to keep going

AWFUL okropny

AWFULLY okropnie

WHAT'S THE MOST AWFUL FILM YOU'VE EVER SEEN ?- WHY ?

The most awful... WHAT'S THE MEANING OF THE WORD "AWFULLY" ? - AND GIVE ME AN EXAMPLE OF ITS USE. The meaning ... "very"... I was awfully sorry

that I couldn't come to see you last week PRETTY

dosyć

WHY DO SOME PEOPLE FEEL PRETTY AWFUL WHEN THEY GET UP IN THE MORNING ?/ Some people feel... slept badly, or went to bed late, or feel depressed at what they have to do that day ... VOCABULARY WITH EXAMPLES:-

1144 GET ACROSS dotrzeć It was very difficult to get across to the general public the importance of the matter.

APPARENTLY widocznie Apparently, there seems to have been a misunderstanding over the arrangements made for the trip.

BOMBER bombowiec

BOMBING

bombardowanie

Bomber aircraft fly much faster these days than they used to, and their bombing is much more accurate.

CHILDISH

dziecinny

Such childish behaviour was so unexpected from such a mature type of person. 1145

AT HAND pod ręką

BANDAGE bandaż

We had no bandages at hand with which to bind the wound./ DELICIOUS pyszny The ice-cream was absolutely delicious. EVEN

równy, gładki

UNEVEN

nierówny

The ground had just been ploughed and was consequently very uneven to walk upon. FATAL fatalny

There's at least one fatal accident on that piece of motorway every week. HAND OVER wręczyć, oddać,

ROBBER dostarczyć złodziej

PERSONALLY osobiście

The police made the robbers hand over personally to their owners the things they had stolen. GASP chwytać powietrze, łapać oddech

He came out of the smoke-filled room gasping for breath. 1146 TRIP

potknąć się

HEADLONG

twarzą naprzód

He tripped over a stone and fell headlong into the ditch./ INFECT zakazić, zarazić

MOSQUITO komar

Insects, like flies or mosquitoes, can infect people with disease. INFLUENTIAL wpływowy He is quite a powerful individual and an influential figure in the political field. KID dzieciak

COLLOQUIAL potoczny

"Kid" is a colloquial word for "child".

LAYER warstwa

CEMENT cement

There was only a thin layer of cement between each layer of bricks.

MIST mgła, para

FOG mgła

SMOG mgła z dymem

1147 Mist and fog are similar, except that fog is thicker than mist. Smog, on the other hand, is a mixture of smoke and fog./

AT A LOSS ze stratą

AT A PROFIT z zyskiem

AT A POUND A KILO funt za kilo

RUN przynosić

If you bought apples at a pound a kilo and sold them for two pounds a kilo, you would make a profit of one pound a kilo. The business was running at a loss when he took over. Now it is running at a profit

MEDIA środki komunikacji

MEDIUM średni, średnio

SYSTEM system

As well as meaning average or middle, "medium" is also the singular form of "media". The word "media" is the collective word used for all the systems of broadcasting information. For example, "People are greatly influenced by the media in forming their opinions on various matters" and "Many people these days get most of their information through the medium of television"./

OBJECTIVE obiektywny 1148 We achieved our objective in much less time than we had calculated. PERFUME perfurmy The word "perfume" has the same meaning as "scent", except that we are unlikely to say "the perfume of flowers"; we would say the "scent of flowers".

HANG ON TO (OR HOLD ON TO) trzymać się, wesprzeć się When standing on a bus or the underground train, one sometimes has to hang on tightly to a strap as the bus or train goes round a bend. I decided to hang on to the money I had left, in case I needed it later./ RATTLE brzęczeć, grzechotać The wind made the doors and windows rattle so much all night that I hardly got any sleep.

SOUL dusza He puts his heart and soul into his work, which is one of the reasons he has been so successful. TERRIFIC

przerażający

1149 There was a terrific bang as the car shot past us on the track. IN HALF (OR IN TWO)

na połowę

We decided to split the orange in half and have half each. UNIQUE jedyny

TECHNOLOGY technologia

With the progress of science and technology, the world today is presented with the unique opportunity of solving the physical problems that have faced mankind throughout history. VOCABULARY FOR TRANSLATION:ACCOUNTANT księgowy

BALCONY balkon

CABBAGE kapusta

CONSTRUCT3350

CONTINENT

konstruować

kontynent

MUSCLE

OAK

mięsień

dąb

DICTATION 101

CONCLUSION wniosek

CRISIS

PUBLISH publikować

JUG

kryzys

dzbanek TRANSPARENT

przeźroczysty

ONCE MORE jeszcze raz

The pearls were quite precious to her,/ and she was grateful to the guide/ for having found them./ The statue was that/ of a very graceful young girl./ As a young man,/ he was encouraged to study engineering./ Someone had squeezed the tube/ in the middle. Their joy was only temporary;/ they soon became solemn once more./ We explored the bay,/ and came across some dozen boats/ hidden among some trees./ His conscience prompted him/ to sacrifice a certain amount of his time/ to helping others./ She wore a purple blouse/ with a white collar ./ They were not permitted any luxuries/ of any description./ 1150 The court was prejudiced in favour of the defence./ LESSON 169 BOTHER dręczyć, zawracać głowę WHAT'S ANOTHER WORD FOR "TROUBLE" ?

Another word ... bother

WHEN YOU CAN'T BE BOTHERED TO STUDY OR DO YOUR HOMEWORK, OR DO SOMETHIN G YOU OU GHT TO DO, DO YOU MAKE EXCUSES TO YOURSELF TO EASE YOUR CONSCIENCE, OR DO YOU JUST SAY "TO HELL WITH IT !" ?/ When I can't be bothered ...

CHAP

facet

WHAT'S ANOTHER WORD FOR "FELLOW" MEANING MAN OR BOY ? Another word... chap GIVE ME AN INSTANCE OF ITS USE. Yesterday, I was walking down the street when a man came up to me and said he knew me - but the chap was a complete stranger to me

1151 DISPLAY wystawiać na pokaz

ARTISTIC artystyczny

SHOW OFF przyciągać uwagę, pokazywać

W HY IS IT SO IMPOR TAN T FOR A SHOP TO D ISPLA Y ITS GOOD S IN THE MOST ARTISTIC MANNER POSSIBLE ?/ The reason it's so important... to attract the eye of the customer and show off the goods to their best advantage

FETCH

sprowadzić, przynieść

WHY DOES A DOG LIKE TO FETCH A STICK ITS OWNER HAS THROWN INTO THE RIVER ? A dog likes ... it enjoys the swim and the excitement...

GRASP uchwycić WHAT CAN HAPPEN IF WE DON'T GRASP GLASS OBJECTS FIRMLY ENOUGH ? If we don't... they can fall onto the floor and smash to pieces ...

IN PUBLIC publicznie

IN PRIVATE prywatnie

POLITICIAN polityk

WHY IS IT POLITICIANS DON'T ALWAYS SAY IN PUBLIC WHAT THEY SAY IN PRIVATE?/ The reason politicians ... they're perhaps afraid that people would not vote for them ...

INVOLVE wikłać, wplatać, wciągać

INSIST nalegać

PERMISSIBLE dopuszczalny, dozwolony

1152 WHEN YOU ARE INVOLVED IN AN ARGUMENT AND BOTH YOU AND THE OTHER PERSON KNOW (OR RATHER BELIEVE) YOU ARE RIGHT, DO YOU INSIST ON THE OTHER PERSON ADMITTING THEY ARE WRONG, OR DO YOU JUST LET THE MATTER DROP FOR THE SAKE OF PEACE AND QUIET? When I'm involved in...

LICK

liznąć, oblizywać

WHAT AM I DOING?

You're licking your thumb nail

NORTH-EAST północno wschodni

NORTH-WEST północna zachodni

SOUTH-EAST południowo wschodni

SOUTH-WEST południowo zachodni

AS REGARDS THE POINTS OF THE COMPASS, WHAT IS MEANT BY NORTH-EAST, NORTH-WEST, SOUTH-EAST AND SOUTH-WEST? As regards ... north-east means the point halfway between north and east... and so on WORK OUT

rozwiązać, zrealizować

1153 IF YOU ARE UNABLE TO WORK OUT A PERSONAL PROBLEM, A PROBLEM IN MATHEMATICS, OR A PROBLEM AT WORK, WHO DO YOU TURN TO ?/ • If I'm unable ... a friend, my teacher, my boss ... FASHION moda

ORDERLY STADIUM uporządkowany, systematyczny stadion

POP popularny

WHY IS IT ESSENTIAL FOR PEOPLE IN PUBLIC TO BEHAVE IN AN ORDERLY FASHION, ESPECIALLY IN VERY CROWDED AREAS, SUCH AS SHOPPING CENTRES AND SPORTS STADIUMS, OR AT POP CONCERTS ? The reason it's essential... people can easily get hurt by being crushed against each other... In the above question, the word "stadia" could have been used in place of the word "stadiums" as "stadia" is the Latin plural of "stadium", but both the English and Latin plurals are permissible. VOCABULARY WITH EXAMPLES:-

VALID ważny, obowiązujący One must have a valid ticket if one wishes to travel on public transport./ 1154 WEDGE

klin

A wedge of wood is thick at one end and thin at the other, and can be used for holding a door open or for stopping a vehicle sliding backwards down a hill. KEEP BACK trzymać się, zataić Please keep back from the track, otherwise you are in danger of being hit by the runners. It was quite clear that, for some reason, she was keeping back very important information. ASHORE

na ląd, na brzeg

ANCHOR kotwica

The ship sailed into the harbour and as soon as it had dropped anchor the passengers and crew began to come ashore./ BRAND znak firmowy, gatunek She has been using the same brand of toothpaste since she was a child. CLASSIFY klasyfikować The books in a library are classified according to the subject matter they deal with. 1155 EVIDENJ jawny, oczywisty It was quite evident to everyone present that he had no intention of keeping his promise. DEPENDENT - INDEPENDENT (adj) zależny - niezależny DEPENDENCE - INDEPENDENCE (n) zależność - niezależność

DEPENDANT (n) człowiek zależny (od kogoś)

Dependent and independent are adjectives, whilst dependence and independence are nouns. For example:It was a dependent organisation until last year, but now it is quite independent./ His dependence on his parents was total, but now he has achieved a certain degree of independence. Although he is not married he has several dependants, such as his mother and the children of his brother, who was killed in a car accident last month. IN DIFFICULTY w kłopocie When a ship is in difficulties at sea, it sends out messages for help to other ships that might be in the area.

1156 FEEBLE

słaby

It was a very feeble excuse he gave for being late. It did not convince anyone./ GREASE

tłuszcz

The kitchen was incredibly dirty. It had grease stains everywhere. HEADQUARTERS dowództwo, centralny zarząd

The headquarters of our organisation is, of course, in the capital. COME ROUND odzyskać przytomność, odwiedzić

I'll come round and see you next Sunday, if that's all right with you. Pay-day comes around once a week for some people and once a month for others. The boxer was knocked out in the third round and did not come round for some minutes. INSPECT sprawdzać, kontrolować

STRUCTURE

układ, struktura

The aircraft are inspected on a regular basis to see that there are no faults in their structure./ 1157 Note: Aircraft is both singular and plural - one aircraft, two aircraft. SYMPATHISE współczuć She said she sympathises most with people who are blind. KIT wyposażenie

SHORTS szorty

A kit is a set of equipment. For example, a footballer's kit consists of a shirt, shorts, socks and boots. GET ON wdziewać, posuwać się na przód

GET OFF zsiąść, zdjąć, uporać się

PHRASAL VERB słowo-fraza

"Get your clothes on as quickly as you can. We have to leave at once." I was so tired I hardly had the energy to get my clothes off and get into bed./ As can be seen, the word "get" is used in many Phrasal Verbs - get up, get down, get on, get off etc. This is partly due to the fact that it is short and consists of only one syllable, and has many different meanings. It is a very convenient word. It appears in over 40 phrasal verbs. The student should not be too upset by this; he only has to be able to understand, or guess at, the meaning of the phrasal verbs; he does not have to be able to use them himself - each phrasal verb can nearly always be 1158 expressed in other words./

A Phrasal Verb is a phrase, consisting of a verb and one or two more additional words, used in the same way as a verb. MISLEAD zmylić, wprowazić w błąd The information he gave us was very misleading. OFFENCE obraza, przykrość In many countries these days it is an offence to smoke in various public places. PLUG wtyczka, kołek, zatkać We managed to stop the roof leaking by plugging the hole with a cork material. She was terribly angry when she discovered that there was no plug in the sink. IN PLACE na miejscu Everything was finally in place for the big occasion. VOCABULARY FOR TRANSLATION:DIAL tarcza, nakręcać numer

EARTHQUAKE trzęsienie ziemi

1159 JUNCTION stacja JURY węzłowa, połączuenie przysięgli, jury ONION cebula

FERTILE urodzajny, żyzny

GEAR narzędzia, mechanizm

LABEL NAPKIN nalepka, nalepiać serwetka, pieluszka

PEDESTRIAN

pieszy

LESSON 170 PLOT parcela, wątek, knuć

HEAD FOR(v) kierować się, zmierzać w kierunku

WHAT WOULD YOU DO IF YOU FOUND OUT THAT SOMEONE WAS PLOTTING TO MURDER YOU, OR PLOTTING TO GET YOU DISMISSED FROM YOUR JOB ? If I found out that... tell the police, then run and hide ... tell my boss what was happening ... IS IT THE PRACTICE IN THIS COUNTRY FOR SOME PEOPLE LIVING IN FLATS IN TOWN TO OWN A PLOT OF LAND IN THE COUNTRY ON WHICH TO GROW FRESH FRUIT AND VEGETABLES?/ Yes, it's the practice... or... No, it isnt...

WHY MUST ONE OF THE MEMBERS OF A CREW, EVEN IN A SMALL SAILING BOAT, PLOT THE COURSE OF THE BOAT WHEN AT SEA ? The reason one of the members ... to check the position of the boat to ensure that the boat is not heading for danger... 1160 CUT DOWN redukować

CUT OUT (OR GIVE UP) zaprzestać

GIVE UP = SURRENDER zrezygnować, poddać się DO YOU THINK IT'S EASIER TO CUT DOWN ON SMOKING OR TO CUT IT OUT (OR GIVE IT UP) ALTOGETHER ?/ I think it's ... but it depends, of course, on the individual, but generally speaking, the trouble with cutting down is that it presents one with a constant battle, as the number of cigarettes smoked per day can begin to creep up again ... WHAT DO SOLDIERS DO WHEN THEY WISH TO GIVE UP?

Soldiers wave a

white flag and put their hands up when they wish to give up

SIN 3400 grzech, zgrzeszyć WHAT DO YOU CONSIDER TO BE THE GREATEST SIN ? REASONABLE

UNREASONABLE nierozsądny

rozsądny, sensowny REALITY

rzeczywistość

FULLY

I consider... to be...

UNREASONABLENESS

niedorzeczność

IN CHARGE wpełni, całkowicie być odpowiedzialnym

CONSEQUENCE

konsekwencja

WHY DO YOU SUPPOSE IT IS THAT, WHILST ALMOST EVERYONE CLAIMS TO BE A REASONABLE INDIVIDUAL, SO MANY PEOPLE IN REALITY BEHAVE IN AN UNREASONABLE MANNER ?/ I suppose ... a lot of unreasonable behaviour is due to not fully understanding the situation, and not being in charge of all the facts of the case, or fully realising the consequences of one's unreasonableness ... 1161 SCREAM wrzeszczeć WHAT SORT OF THINGS MAKE PEOPLE SCREAM ? The sort of things ... are when they are involved in a disaster, such as a terrorist bomb explosion, or when they attend a pop concert ... OUT OF CONTROL

bez kontroli

SLUMP nagle zsunąć się, spaść

UNDER CONTROL

pod kontrolą

STEERING-WHEEL koło sterowe, kierownica IF YOU WERE IN A BUS SITTING NEXT TO THE DRIVER AND HE SUDDENLY SLUMPED FORWARD OVER THE STEERING-WHEEL, BECAUSE OF A SUDDEN HEART-ATTACK, AND THE BUS WENT OUT OF CONTROL, WHAT WOULD YOU DO TO BRING IT BACK UNDER CONTROL?/ If I were

in a bus ... I'd push the driver aside, put my foot on the brake and steer the bus to the side of the road ... TONE dźwięk, ton

WHICH ACTOR, OR ACTRESS, DO YOU THINK HAS THE NICEST TONE OF VOICE ? I think ... has ... 1162 VICE rozwiązłość, zepsucie WHAT'S THE OPPOSITE OF "VIRTUE"?

"Vice" is the ...

GET BY przetrwać, przedostać się

IF THERE'S NOT ENOUGH ROOM TO GET BY TWO PEOPLE TALKING TO EACH OTHER IN A NARROW CORRIDOR, WHAT WOULD YOU HAVE TO SAY ?/ . If there's not... "Excuse me, can I get by, please ?" HOW LITTLE SLEEP CAN YOU GET BY ON EACH NIGHT WITHOUT GETTING ILL ? I can get by on ... APPRECIATE docenić

FUNCTION funkcjonować

WHY IS IT THAT CHILDREN SELDOM APPRECIATE WHAT THEIR PARENTS DO FOR THEM; THE SACRIFICES THEY MAKE FOR THEM, FOR EXAMPLE ?/ Children seldom appreciate ... because children are too young to realise how the world functions. They think that everything they receive is theirs by natural right. Only later in life do they appreciate what their parents have done for them ... 1163 VOCABULARY WITH EXAMPLES:REGARDLESS

bez względu na

He went on buying up property regardless of the price.

SPECIALIST specjalista I had such trouble with my eyesight that I eventually had to go to a specialist.

TRAIL

trop

The hunters followed the bear's trail up the mountain-side and into a vast cave. UPHOLD

podtrzymywać, poprzeć .utrzymać

The court upheld her claim to the property.

GIVE IN

podawać, poddawać się

He gave in his composition knowing that it would not receive very high marks.

Despite great difficulties she refused to give in, and finally succeeded in getting what she wanted./ WITHDRAW wypłacić, wyciągnąć 1164 She decided to withdraw all the money she had in the bank and buy the dress she had seen the day before in the shop window. STOREY

piętro

"Storey" and "floor", whilst they can mean the same thing, are sometimes used differently. One might say a building has ten storeys or ten floors, but Mr. Brown lives on the fifth floor of a ten-storey building. ATTAIN

przybyć, zdobyć, osiągnąć

They attained their goal mainly through hard work and determination. VISION widzenie, wizja Owing to fog, our vision was greatly reduced./ BUDGET budżet Governments, companies, and even sometimes individuals, have to draw up budgets in order to estimate their future income and expenses. HAVE BACK mieć z powrotem If I lent you this book of mine, would you let me have it back when promised ? 1165 CLOCKWORK

mechanizm, mechaniczny

The trip was so well organised that everything went as smoothly as clockwork. DISCOMFORT niewygoda, przykrość

CROWDED zatłoczony, przepełniony

OVER-CROWDED przepełniony

REST reszta

Because of the boiling heat, the wooden seats, and the over-crowded train, we passed the rest of the journey in some considerable discomfort./ She felt a certain degree of discomfort being among so many strangers. EXCLUDE wyłączyć

He was excluded from the club owing to his past criminal activities. IN TOWN w mieście

OUT OF TOWN

poza miastem

The doctor is out of town at the moment visiting patients, but should be back in town this evening. FEVERISH

gorączkowy, rozgorączkowany

I was feeling rather feverish and so decided to go to bed. 1166 He made a feverish attempt at undoing the ropes, but eventually had to give up the

idea./

GROWL warknąć, mruknąć, ryk, pomruk PASS (MOUNTAIN) droga górska

The dog began to growl as the stranger approached. The giant lorries growled their way up the mountain-side and through the mountain pass. HELPLESS

bezradny, bez oparcia

I felt quite helpless as I stood by the roadside watching the disaster - cars and lorries just crashed into one another. JOIN IN

przyłączyć się, uczestniczyć

They arrived late at the party, but soon joined in the fun. INSTRUCT pouczyć, polecić

INSTRUCTOR instruktor

STRAIGHTFORWARD DRILL prosty, szczery wiercić, musztra

"To instruct" is the same as "to teach", except that it is generally used more for a more straightforward type of teaching, often requiring some kind of drill. A teacher of judo could be called a judo teacher or a judo instructor, but a history teacher would not be called a history instructor./ 1167 MOIST wilgotny

MOISTEN

zwilżyć

The atmosphere becomes very moist when there is fog about. He moistened the stamp with his tongue before sticking it on the envelope.

OUTBREAK wybuch Considering the situation between the two countries, the outbreak of war was only a matter of time. LAY OUT ułożyć, zrobić plan

INSPECTION

inspekcja

The documents were already laid out on the desk for inspection. PLUNGE zanurzać, wepchnąć, nurkować

BRACELET bransolata

We plunged head-first into the sea to escape from the burning ship. I plunged my hand into the freezing water to recover the bracelet that had fallen into the tank./ 1168 REGISTER zarejestrować, rejestr

TOWN HALL

ratusz

Births, deaths and marriages are officially registered at the Town Hall. When we book in at a hotel we usually have to sign the register. PLAY BACK odgrywać

TAPE-RECORDER

magnetofon

We played back the tape on the tape-recorder, as we were not quite sure what the speaker had said. STAND znosić, tolerować

RECORD-PLAYER adapter

If there's one thing she can't stand, it's her neighbours playing their record-player too loud. TROUBLESOME kłopotliwy He becomes a troublesome fellow whenever he gets drunk. VOCABULARY FOR TRANSLATION:ADEQUATE ADMINISTRATION właściwy, odpowiedni administracja

1169 CARGO ładunek

BEGGAR

żebrak

BENCH ława, ławka

DIGEST

PEPPER

PHILOSOPHY

trawić

pieprz, papryka

filozofia

RAPID

TUNNEL

WOLF

pośpieszny

tunel

wilk

DICTATION 102 The adjustment of the set/ made a very noticeable difference./ His suicide was caused/ by his bankruptcy and divorce./ TV is a most marvellous form/ of mass entertainment./ The chemistry experiment/ produced a rather nasty smell./ A considerable degree of efficiency/ is going to be required/ to get us out of the mess we are in/ and solve our problems./ The boy and girl were too shy/ even to glance at each other./ Several thousand political leaflets/ were dropped by aircraft/ onto the enemy soldiers,/ trying to persuade them to surrender./ Sacks of grain were sent as aid/ to the disaster region./ It was very frosty that morning,/ and I was glad of my new pair of gloves.

LESSON 171 BUG

COLLECTIVE VIRUS pluskwa, robak zbiorowy, wspólny wirus WHAT IS A BUG ?

HANG UP

MICROPHONE mikrofon

EMBASSY

ambasada

A bug is a collective word used for insects in general; or for a virus, such as an influenza bug; or for a small hidden microphone (in an embassy for example)

powiesić, opóźniać

1170 WHEN ON THE PHONE, WHAT MAKES ONE PERSON SOMETIMES HANG UP BEFORE THE OTHER PERSON HAS STOPPED SPEAKING ? When on the phone ... he is angry with the other person ...

CHASE ścigać

3450

COP = SLANG FOR POLICEMAN, POLICEWOMAN glina OR POLICE OFFICER

DO YOU LIKE THE SORT OF FILM THAT INCLUDES CAR-CHASE SCENES WITH COPS CHASING ROBBERS; KNOWN AS A "COPS-AND-ROBBERS" FILM ? - WHY OR WHY NOT ?/ Yes, I like... or... No, I don't like the sort...

DISSOLVE

rozpuszczać

HOW LONG DOES SUGAR TAKE TO DISSOLVE IN COFFEE ? Sugar takes only a matter of a few seconds ...

PAT klepać, głaskać IS IT EASY TO PAT ONE'S HEAD AND RUB ONE'S STOMACH AT THE SAME TIME ? - WHY NOT ? No, it isn't... because they're two different movements...

EXPLORE WORTH WHILE (as an adjective "worthwhile" is written as one odkrywać, badać wart zachodu word, otherwise as two separate words) OUTER zewnętrzny

INNER wewnętrzny

OUTSKIRTS krańce, peryferia

1171 DO YOU THINK IT'S WORTH WHILE EXPLORING OUTER SPACE ?-WHY OR WHY NOT ?/ Yes, I think it's ..., or ... No, I don't... WHAT'S THE OPPOSITE OF "OUTER" ?

The opposite ... inner

WOULD YOU (OR DO YOU) PREFER TO LIVE IN THE INNER CITY OR ON THE OUTSKIRTS ? - WHY ? I'd prefer to ... FICTION fikcja

NON-FICTION literatura faktu

LIBRARY biblioteka

LITERATURE literatura SECTION sekcja

WHAT'S THE OPPOSITE OF FICTION ?

The opposite ... is fact

THE LITERATURE IN A PUBLIC LIBRARY IS USUALLY DIVIDED INTO TWO SECTIONS, CALLED FICTION AND NON-FICTION. WHICH SECTION INTERESTS YOU (OR WOULD INTEREST YOU) MOST ? - AND WHY ?/ The section that... MAKEUP makijaż, wymyślać, dopłacić

TRAFFIC JAM korek (na ulicy)

ROW rząd

MINOR mniejszy, drugorzędny

DO YOU THINK A WOMAN LOOKS BETTER WITH OR WITHOUT MAKE UP ? - WHY ? I think a woman ... WHAT SORT OF EXCUSES DO PEOPLE MAKE UP WHEN THEY ARE 1172 LATE FOR WORK? The sort of excuses ... the train was late ... they were caught in a traffic jam ... IF YOU FALL OUT WITH A FRIEND AFTER A MAJOR ROW, HOW LONG IS IT BEFORE YOU MAKE IT UP AGAIN WITH HIM, OR HER? - AND HOW LONG DO YOU TAKE TO MAKE UP AFTER A MINOR ROW ?/ If I fall out with... IF YOU WERE GOING TO THE CINEMA WITH A FRIEND AND HE (OR SHE) DISCOVERED THAT HE HADN'T ENOUGH MONEY WITH HIM, WOULD YOU BE WILLING TO MAKE UP THE DIFFERENCE FOR HIM ? If I were going...

INSTAL(L) zainstalować

EXPERT fachowiec

ARE YOU CAPABLE OF INSTALLING A TV SET IN YOUR HOME YOURSELF, OR WOULD YOU HAVE TO GET AN EXPERT TO DO IT?/ I'm capable ... or ... I'm not capable ...

LIMP

utykać na nogę, miękki, słaby

WHAT AM I DOING ? PUT OFF odłożyć, odwlec

You're limping SAYING powiedzenie

AFTER ALL

poza tym

1173 DO YOU BELIEVE IN THE SAYING "NEVER PUT OFF UNTIL TOMORROW THAT WHICH YOU CAN DO TODAY" ? - WHY OR WHY NOT ? Yes, I believe in ... because it gets the thing out of the way and out of one's mind, and allows one to relax and think of other things ... or ... No, I don't believe ... because, if I put the thing off until tomorrow, it might not have to be done after all...

SUM

suma, sumować

SUBTRACT odejmować

ARE INTERNATIONAL BUSINESSMEN IN THE HABIT OF CARRYING LARGE SUMS OF MONEY AROUND WITH THEM WHEN THEY TRAVEL? - WHY NOT ?/ No, international businessmen ... there is the danger of having the money stolen ... they use credit cards instead ARE YOU ANY GOOD AT SUMS, I.E. ADDING AND SUBTRACTING ? Yes, I'm good at... or ... No, I'm not...

ROUTE szlak, trasa WHICH ROUTE DO YOU FOLLOW WHEN YOU GO HOME (COME TO SCHOOL, GO TO WORK ETC.) ? The route I follow when ...

1174 VOCABULARY WITH EXAMPLES:SEND FOR posłać, wezwać The headmaster demanded that the guilty boy be sent for immediately.

UPKEEP utrzymanie, koszty utrzymania

FINANCE finanse

The upkeep of the old castle was financed by the visiting public paying an entrance fee./

IN TURN kolejno, jedno po drugim "If you will form an orderly queue, I will deal with each of your complaints in turn." POSTAL

pocztowy

The postal service in this part of the country is not very efficient. WORK UP

podnieść

ENTHUSIASM

entuzjazm

We worked up enthusiasm for the match through plenty of publicity. TAKE AWAY zabierać, odjąć 1175 If we take away 13 from 50, we are left with 37. RELATION związek, krewny There is a certain relation between a person's height and weight, but it is not a fixed relationship./ STOOP schylić się, przygarbić się He stooped down to pick up the.ring the lady had dropped on the floor. Through lack of exercise, and through sitting watching too much television, he walks around with a permanent stoop. WIPE UP wytrzeć

WASH UP zmywać

She immediately wiped up the coffee that had been spilt on the table. "I'll wash up the plates and dishes, if you will wipe up." TURNING zakręt, przecznica "Go straight down this road, take the second turning on your right, and you'll see the house you're looking for, about a hundred yards down the road on your lefthand side."/ UPPERMOST

najwyższy, szczytowy, do góry

1176 The thought that was uppermost in my mind as our ship began to sink was - would the boats from the other ships get to us in time ? GIVE OUT rozdawać, ogłosić

BLOND/BLONDE (feminine) blondyn/blondynka

PASSER-BY przechodzień

A blond-haired boy stood on the street corner giving out leaflets to passers-by. MENTAL

umysłowy

Although he is physically suited to the job, he does not have the right mental attitude to succeed at it./ JUMPER sweter A juniper is similar to a sweater, except that a sweater is more often thought of as being for sport. A sweater was originally designed to make people sweat in order to lose weight. These days the words jumper, sweater and pullover are often used as though they indicate the same thing. The article used by women, however, is generally called a jumper, that used by men, a pullover, whilst a sweater is used both by men and women. A jumper, of course, is also one who jumps./ 1177 CONTRAST

kontrast, kontrastować

The contrast between the two TV sets was very noticeable. One was much better than the other. IN PRISON w więzieniu He had been in prison several times for minor offences before he decided to change his ways. ATTENDANCE

obecność, uczęszczanie, obsługa

ATTENDANT towarzyszący, obsługujący

INVITATION zaproszenie

The regular attendance by the students was quite good. The attendant at the door asked to see our invitation cards. COIL zwinąć, nawinąć, wić

TWIST skręcić, zwichnąć

To coil, to twist and to wind are similar in meaning. We can, for example, say that we coil, twist or wind a piece of string round our finger. We can also say a road coils, twists or winds its way around a mountain valley. / We do not, however, use twist or wind when we talk about a coil of rope, and neither do we use coil or twist when we say we wind up a watch or a clock.

1178 GO BY mijać, upływać Sometimes the days go by at such a frightening speed that the weekend arrives before we know what has happened.

He goes by the house every evening at exactly the same time. SURE pewny, na pewno

A surgeon needs a very sure hand when performing an operation./ UMPIRE REFEREE GET SET CRICKET sędzia, rozjemca sędzia.arbiter przygotować się (do startu) krykiet, świerszcz

When starting a race, the umpire says, either "On your marks, get set, go!" or "Ready, steady, go!". "Umpire" and "referee" mean the same; which word we use depends on the game. An umpire umpires a game of cricket, whilst a referee referees a game of football. A person is more likely to be called a referee in the type of game where he has to move around a lot. In tennis, for example, he is called an umpire, whilst in boxing he is called a referee. HAVE IN

sprowadzać, mieć gości

"Let's have some friends in for a meal over the weekend!"/

1179 "We have the builders in at the moment, so everything is very dusty." TURNOVER obrót, przewrócenie się

As we have already seen, the verb "to turn over" means to reverse the position of something. The noun "turnover", on the other hand, means the amount of money passing through a business. For example, "The firm's turnover this year is up twenty per cent on last year". AWARD

nagroda, przyznać nagrodę

She won the award for best student of her year. LEAVE ON zostawić (coś) włączone

"Please don't leave the lights on when you go out, as it wastes electricity!" COLLEAGUE

kolega

A job is far more enjoyable if one gets on well with one's colleagues. VOCABULARY FOR TRANSLATION:ALARM

BRUISE

potłuc,

alarm

stłuczenie, siniak

CANTEEN

CARPENTER

kantyna

stolarz

1180 DIRECTIONS (INSTRUCTIONS) instrukcje, przepisy GRILL zapiekać na ruszcie RESPONSE

ELBOW łokieć

LAMB jagnię

FILTER filtr, sączek, filtrować OVEN piekarnik

reakcja odpowiedź, odzew

SHOPLIFTING

kradzież w sklepie

LESSON 172 OUTCOME wynik, rezultat 3500

EXISTENCE

DESTRUCTION zniszczenie istnienie, egzystencja

SURVIVE przetrwać VIRTUALLY prawie

WHAT'D BE THE OUTCOME OF A NUCLEAR WORLD WAR? The outcome of... the total destruction of life on our planet... even if some people survived, a civilized existence would be virtually impossible ... PROPORTION proporcja, stosunek

TERMS kategorie

AT PRESENT obecnie

FOR SUCCESS IN LIFE, WHAT PROPORTION, IN PERCENTAGE TERMS, DO YOU THINK IS DUE TO HARD WORK, TO INTELLIGENCE AND TO LUCK ?/ For success in life ... 1181 WHICH HOLIDAY TOWN, OR COUNTRY ABROAD, IS OFFERING THE BEST TERMS FOR A HOLIDAY AT PRESENT ? I think ... RUB OUT CROSS OUT wytrzeć, wymagazać przekreślić, skreślić

ERASE wytrzeć

ERASER guma do wycierania

WHAT ARE THE ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF WRITING IN INK INSTEAD OF IN PENCIL?/ The advantages of... are that ink does not fade as pencil does; on the other hand, a mistake in pencil can be rubbed out, whilst a mistake in ink has to be crossed out, unless one uses some kind of liquid eraser... VITAL

niezbędny, podstawowy

WHAT DO WE MEAN BY THE VITAL ORGANS OF THE HUMAN BODY ? By the vital organs ... heart, lungs, stomach etc., vital to the life of the body APPROVE pochwalać

DISAPPROVE

nieaprobować, potępiać

WHAT DO YOU SAY OR DO WHEN A FRIEND OF YOURS ACTS IN A WAY YOU DON'T APPROVE OF ? When a friend of mine ... I tell him (or her) I disapprove of his behaviour, or, if it's something quite minor, 1 turn a blind eye ... STAND BACK

przesunąć się do tyłu

1182 WHY IS IT ADVISABLE TO STAND WELL BACK ON THE SIDE OF A RACE TRACK WHEN THE CARS FLASH BY ?/ It's advisable to ... because one of them could go out of control and crash into the crowd ... CHEW żuć

GUM guma

WHAT AM I PRETENDING TO DO ? DISTRIBUTE rozprowadzać

DOOR-TC-DOOR od drzwi do drzwi

CHEWING-GUM guma do żucia You're pretending to chew something; like gum perhaps... BY HAND ręcznie

WHAT ARE THE VARIOUS WAYS OF DISTRIBUTING LEAFLETS ? The various ways ... are by door-to-door by hand, by handing them out to passers-by in the street... ON PURPOSE

celowo

WHY DO PEOPLE SOMETIMES BEHAVE BADLY ON PURPOSE? People sometimes ... in order to show that they are upset at something the other person has done, or to show their disapproval of the way someone has behaved ... DO YOU THINK THAT THAT IS THE BEST WAY TO REACT? - WHY OR WHY NOT ?/ Yes, I think that that... or ... No, I don't think... 1183 FULFIL(L) spełnić, zrealizować

UNFULFIL(L)

HAVE YOU ANY UNFULFILLED AMBITIONS ? - WHAT ?

nie spełnić Yes, I've ...

INSTANT natychmiastowy WHAT IS MEANT BY INSTANT FOOD, OR INSTANT DRINK, AND WHY IS IT SO POPULAR AMONG CERTAIN PEOPLE ? By instant food or drink is meant food or drink that is already prepared and only needs heating, or just needs hot water added, as is the case with instant coffee ... certain people like it, as they are too busy to cook or prepare anything ...

TAKE OVER przejąć

IN BUSINESS, W HAT IS M EANT BY ONE BUSINESS, OR ONE COMPANY, TAKING OVER ANOTHER ?/ In business, one business, or... means one company buys the other company and takes over control of that company ... INTERVIEW wywiad

WELL-KNOWN sławny, znany

DO YOU LIKE WATCHING INTERVIEWS ON TELEVISION WITH FAMOUS, OR WELL-KNOW N, PEOPLE ? - WHY OR WHY NOT ? Yes, I like ... or ... No, I don't like ... LINK ogniwo, więź 1184 WHAT DOES THE SAYING MEAN "A CHAIN IS AS STRONG AS ITS

WEAKEST LINK" ?/

The saying "a chain ..." means: no matter how strong all the other links in the chain are, the chain will not be any stronger than its weakest link ... a rowing crew, for example, cannot go any faster than its slowest member will allow ...

VOCABULARY WITH EXAMPLES:EXTERNAL zewnętrzny "Internal" and "external" are similar to "interior" and "exterior", except that they should really only be used as adjectives, whereas "interior" and "exterior" can be used as adjectives or nouns. For example, we can say "The interior of the building, or, the interior part of the building" but we cannot say "The internal of the building"; only "The internal part of the building".

IN A WAY z każdej strony In a way, I was sorry to see him go. He was such good company./

FILE

piłować, teczka

Some women like to file their nails, whilst others prefer just to cut them. The police have quite a large file on his criminal activities.

1185 HIGHROAD szosa, droga główna

HIGHWAY droga główna

A highroad or highway is a public road. 1'he words are often used to describe a main road.

OPEN OUT rozłożyć

It was difficult to open out the map to its full extent in such a small car. HOUSEHOLD dobytek

MOVE TO

przeprowadzić się

We piled all our household goods onto a large cart when we moved to our new address./ INTAKE dopływ, napływ

OUTCRY

krzyk, wrzask

He filled his lungs with a great intake of air. It will be noticed in English that we can sometimes form a noun from a verb and its preposition by reversing their position. For example, in the sentence above "to take in air" becomes "an intake of air" Another example is the word "outcry", e.g. There was a great public outcry when

1186 the news was announced that there were insufficient stocks of grain in the country

to produce sufficient bread throughout the winter./ PASS OUT rozdać, zemdleć

The teacher passed out the previous week's compositions among the students. She nearly passed out when she received the news of her friend's tragic death. PROCEED

otworzyć, rozpocząć

We will proceed with the meeting, even though our guest-speaker has not yet arrived. RELEASE zwolnić, uwolnić

Having just been released from prison, he committed the same crime for the second time. SURROUNDINGS

otoczenie

The cottage was set in very beautiful surroundings. MOST (VERY)

najbardziej

DECIDEDLY pewny, oczywisty

In other words, the answer is most decidedly "no"./ 1187 COMPARATIVELY porównawczo

Learning a language similar to one's own is comparatively easy. FIXTURE pomada

MOVE HOUSE zmienić dom

When we moved house, we left the large wooden cupboard that was attached to the wall, as it was more or less a permanent fixture. SEND OUT wyrzucić

MISBEHAVE źle zachowywać się

The teacher sent the student out of the room for misbehaving. INTENSE wzmożony The heat was intense, and the angry feelings among the group were almost as intense. OUTLET

ujście

SOMEWHAT

nieco, trochę

There was an outlet from the water-tank into the drain./ Some children, if they do not have sufficient outlet for their energies, through such activities as sport, have a tendency to become somewhat violent in their behaviour. 1188 TAKE BACK wziąć z powrotem

If you find you do not like an article you have recently bought, some shops will allow you to take it back and exchange it for something you do like, provided, of course, that the article being taken back is still in perfect condition. SWIFT szybki

The government took swift action to prevent the spread of the disease. RESTLESS

bez odpoczynku

Being of a restless nature, it was years before he settled down into a steady job./ CONFIDENTIAL

tajne

What I am about to tell you is strictly confidential, which means you must tell absolutely no-one. FLAP trzepotać

The pigeon suddenly flapped its wings and took off. Envelopes usually have a flap at the back, which we sometimes have to lick and stick down. 1189 WRITE DOWN (OR PUT DOWN) zapisać

UNKNOWN

nieznany

If you are reading any kind of text in English and you come across a word that is unknown to you, look it up in the dictionary and write it down. Revise it the following day, and again the day after that, and the chances are you will remember it for life. VOCABULARY FOR TRANSLATION:ALIEN obcy

ALTER zmienić się

DISCOUNT zniżka PARALLEL

równoległy

ANTIQUE antyczny

DOLL lalka REGULATION reguły, zasady

DICTATION 103

CONCRETE beton

ERROR błąd

MAYBE być może

WAGON/WAGGON

VANISH zniknąć

wóz, wagon MOTIONLESS

bezruchu

He felt in a desperately depressed mood/ following his departure from home./ He was entering/ a new phase of his career./ She bought some sausages from the grocer's/ and fried them for breakfast./ The troubles of the day/ made him feel quite nervously exhausted./ He changed into his pyjamas,/ got into bed,/ put his head on the pillow/ and tried to let his mind go blank./ At dawn we caught a glimpse/ of this rare bird/ as it stood impressively motionless/ on the margin of the lake./ The dogs ran barking/ by the side of the tractor/ as it accelerated down the lane./ The business seemed/ to be a giant 1190 racket,/ but was, in fact, quite genuine. LESSON 173 STARVE głodować

SLIM odchudzać się

GRADUAL stopniowy

DIET dieta

WHEN PEOPLE WISH TO SLIM BECAUSE THEY ARE OVERWEIGHT, DO YOU THINK IT'S ADVISABLE FOR THEM TO STARVE THEMSELVES FOR TWO OR THREE WEEKS ? - WHY OR WHY NOT ? When people wish ... it could be too great a shock to their system ... better to do things gradually through a healthy diet and exercise ...

ROUTINE rutyna ARE YOU THE TYPE OF PERSON WHO PREFERS TO FOLLOW A SET ROUTINE FOR DOING THINGS IN YOUR DAILY LIFE, SUCH AS GETTING UP, GOING TO BED, EATING, WORKING ETC. ? - WHY OR WHY NOT ?/ Yes, I'm the kind of person ... or ... No, I'm not...

STITCH

3550

szew

WHAT DOES THE SAYING "A STITCH IN TIME SAVES NINE" MEAN ? The saying "a stitch ..." means that if you repair something immediately it's damaged, it will prevent it getting worse and taking longer to repair later... 1191 GET TOGETHER

zebrać się, zejść się

CARDS

EXCURSION

karty

wycieczka

ON WHAT OCCASIONS DO FRIENDS GET TOGETHER? Friends get together at a party, to play cards, to go on an excursion ...

OUTLOOK postawa, pogląd

OPTIMISTIC optymistyczny

PESSIMISTIC pesymistyczny

WHAT SORT OF OUTLOOK DO YOU HAVE ON LIFE - OPTIMISTIC OR PESSIMISTIC? - WHY?/ I've an ... outlook ... PROTEST

DEMONSTRATION

RIOT

protest

demonstracja

walka uliczna, rozbój

HOW DO PEOPLE IN THE WORLD USUALLY MAKE THEIR PROTESTS KNOWN TO THEIR GOVERNMENTS THESE DAYS ? People in the world usually... by street demonstrations, riots, distributing leaflets ...

OUT OF ORDER zepstuty

LIFT winda

WHAT DOES IT MEAN WHEN WE SEE A NOTICE HANGING ON A LIFT OR A DRINKS MACHINE SAYING "OUT OF ORDER" ?/ When we see a notice ... it means the lift or the machine does not work ... 1192 RESERVE rezerwować, rezerwowy, rezerwa

SIDE strona

HOLDBACK trzymać

EMERGENCY nagły wypadek

WHAT DOES A "RESERVED" NOTICE ON A RESTAURANT TABLE MEAN, AND WHAT IS MEANT BY A "RESERVE" FOOTBALL PLAYER, OR A RESERVE OF MONEY OR GOODS ? A "reserved" notice on ... someone has booked the table and will be arriving later ... a player who's not in the side but who can be called upon to replace a player in the team who gets injured or is not playing too well... money or goods held back in stock, often for an emergency ...

SELF-GOVERNING

rozporządzający sobą SELF-SERVICE

SELF-INTEREST interesowność

samoobsługa

SELF-RESPECT

szacunek dla siebie samego

CONSIDERATION

rozwaga

WHAT DO THE WORDS SELF-GOVERNING, SELF-INTEREST, SELF-RESPECT AND SELF-SERVICE MEAN?/ The words "self-governing" mean governing oneself... "self-interest" means private interest, regard for oneself, consideration for one's own interests ... "self-respect" means respect for oneself... whilst the words "self-service" mean helping oneself, especially to food or petrol... HOLD ON czekać

PUT THROUGH połączyć (kogoś)

GET THROUGH połączyć się, przejść

1193 WHAT DOES A TELEPHONE OPERATOR MEAN WHEN HE (OR SHE) SAYS "HOLD ON, I'LL PUT YOU THROUGH"? When a telephone operator says ... he means ... wait a moment, whilst I connect you... AND IF HE CAN'T GET THROUGH TO THE NUMBER YOU WANT, WHAT MIGHT HE SAY ?/ If he can't... "I'm sorry I can't get through. Would you like to hold on or would you prefer to ring back..." IF YOU DON'T GET THROUGH AN EXAM, DO YOU ALWAYS TAKE IT AGAIN? Yes, if I don't ...or ...No, if I don't... TRADITION

TRADITIONAL

COSTUME

tradycja

tradycyjny

kostium, strój

DESCRIBE THE TRADITIONAL COSTUME, OR A TRADITIONAL FOOD, OF THIS COUNTRY, OR OF ANY OTHER COUNTRY. The traditional... SENSELESS

bez sensu

WHAT DO YOU CONSIDER TO BE THE MOST SENSELESS ACTIVITY THAT CERTAIN PEOPLE PURSUE, OR THE MOST SENSELESS BEHAVIOUR THEY ARE CAPABLE OF ? - WHY ?/ I consider the most senseless ... to be ... PUT UP WITH tolerować 1194 WHAT'S THE WORST THING IN YOUR DAILY LIFE, OR IN YOUR LIFE GENERALLY, THAT YOU HAVE TO PUT UP WITH ? - WHY ? The worst thing in my...

ASSIST asystować, towarzyszyć

ASSISTANT asystent, pomocnik

GENERALLY SPEAKING, WOULD YOU SAY THE SHOP-ASSISTANTS IN THIS COUNTRY WERE REASONABLY POLITE AND HELPFUL ? - IF NOT, WHY NOT ?/ Generally speaking I'd say ... or ... No, generally speaking I wouldn't say ... VOCABULARY WITH EXAMPLES:IN VALID (n) - the stress is on the inwalida first syllable

INVALID (adj) - the stress is on the nieważny second syllable

He has been an invalid ever since he was involved in a terrible road accident. "This railway ticket of yours is invalid, sir! You'll have to buy a new one!" OUTSTANDING wspaniały, świetny 1195 He was given an award for his outstanding achievements in the field of scientific research./ GO ON włączyć się

GO OFF odjechać

AUTOMATIC/ALLY automatyczny(nie)

The lights go on automatically when it gets dark, and go off when it gets light. The two men went off very early this morning in order to avoid the dense traffic. RESTORE

zwrócić

The objects that were stolen from her were later restored to her by the police. CONSERVATIVE

konserwatywny

He has a very conservative attitude towards life in general. He doesn't like sudden change. He prefers a gradual process of change. FORECAST prognoza According to the latest weather forecast, it is going to rain quite heavily today./ 1196 It was easy to forecast what would happen, given the conditions that existed at the time. GO UNDER

pójść na dno

The ship slowly Tilled with water and eventually went under.

CONTEMPORARY współczesny The poet Byron was a contemporary of Napoleon. FORGETFUL zapominalski He has to write everything down because he is so forgetful. LEAVE IN zostawić Although that piece of the article might upset some of our readers, I suggest we leave it in. After all, it's the truth. CULTURE kultura

WITHIN wewnątrz

WITHOUT / bez

The ruins of ancient Greece show the high level of culture and civilisation reached by the ancient Greeks and how easy it is for civilisations to be destroyed - either from within or from without. 1197 CONTINENTAL

kontynentalny, europejski

LIFE-STYLE styl życia

When the English call certain food, drink, design, life-style etc. "continental" they are thinking of the continent of Europe. For example, a continental breakfast is a very light breakfast usually consisting of just coffee and some kind of bread with, perhaps, some marmalade or jam./ An English breakfast, on the other hand, is usually thought of as consisting of such things as eggs, bacon, sausages, tomatoes etc. PUT AWAY wyrzucić Some people put things away immediately they have used them, whilst others leave them lying around - hoping perhaps that other people will put them away for them. OVERBOARD

za burtę

The sailor fell overboard during the storm and was drowned. SHOW IN wprowadzić The doctor asked the nurse to show in the next patient. FORTUNE szczęście

FORTUNATE szczęśliwy

1198 UNFORTUNATELY

niestety

FORTUNATELY na szczęście

DIVER nurek

WRECK/ wrak

The divers discovered quite a fortune in gold and silver among the wreck of the ship lying on the sea-bed.

Unfortunately, he could not find a suitable birthday present for his wife after searching through all the shops in town. He had to drive to another town to find what he was looking for. CO-OPERATE

współpracować

A great deal more is achieved by people co-operating with one another than by arguing with one another. FRICTION trakcja, część Unfortunately, I had lost my gloves, and so had to keep rubbing my hands together to cause the necessary friction to produce enough heat to prevent my fingers from getting frost-bite./ TURN BACK wrócić się, za We were eventually forced to turn back, as we had insufficient petrol or supplies to reach our destination. CORRESPOND

koresponować

We had corresponded for several years before we finally met. 1199 FRIGHTFUL okropny

FRIGHTFULLY strasznie, okropnie

There are so many frightful accidents on the roads these days due to careless or dangerous driving. I'm frightfully sorry I was unable to call in and see you the other evening. OVERHANG zwisać

STRETCH obszar, przestrzeń, odcinek

As we rowed swiftly downstream we came to a darkened stretch of water where the giant mountain cliffs overhung the river. VOCABULARY FOR TRANSLATION:APPETITE apetyt ENLARGE powiększyć LAME kulawy, ułomny

BULB żarówka HEEL uleczyć, goić POND staw

CELLAR piwnica INVESTMENT inwestycja FIREPLACE kominek

DIRECTORY spis KNIT robić na drutach RIFLE strzelba

1200 LESSON 174 CHOP

ciąć

WHAT AM I PRETENDING TO DO ? AT TIMES czasami

DEPRESSION

You're pretending to chop the table with your hand przygnębienie, depresja

DO YOU EVER FEEL DEPRESSED AT TIMES - WHY ? - HOW DO YOU OVERCOME YOUR DEPRESSION ? Yes, I feel... or... No, I never... ISSUE wydać WHY DOES THE GOVERNMENT CONSTANTLY HAVE TO ISSUE NEW BANK-NOTES ON A REGULAR BASIS ?/ The government constantly ... the old ones get dirty and torn ... STICK OUT wyglądać, wystawiać WHAT'S THE DANGER OF STICKING ONE'S HEAD OUT OF A CARRIAGE WINDOW WHEN A TRAIN IS IN MOTION? The danger of... it might get hit by something... LIVELY żywo, energicznie

PESSIMISM pesymizm

CURIOSITY ciekawość, osobliwość

WHY DO YOU SUPPOSE IT IS THAT SOME PEOPLE REMAIN LIVELY 1201 ALL THEIR LIVES, EVEN IN THEIR OLD AGE ?/ I suppose the reason that some people ... is that they keep themselves fit and healthy through regular exercise, fresh air, and a healthy diet... they are usually basically optimistic by nature, even though they may occasionally give an impression of pessimism ... they take a great interest in life and have a great curiosity about everything... OVERTAKE wyprzedzać WHEN IS IT DANGEROUS FOR ONE CAR TO OVERTAKE ANOTHER ON THE ROAD ? It's dangerous for one car ... on a bend ... TURN UP

pojawić się, przybyć

COMPLAINT skarga

WHAT HAPPENS IF A PLAYER FAILS TO TURN UP FOR A GAME ? If a player fails ... a reserve player takes his place .. HOW HIGH CAN YOU TURN UP YOUR RADIO AT HOME BEFORE YOU GET COMPLAINTS FROM YOUR FAMILY OR YOUR NEIGHBOURS ?/ I can turn up ...

SERVICE

usługi

MAKE

360

marka (samochodu)

WHAT DO WE MEAN BY PUBLIC SERVICES?

By public services ... gas, water, electricity, trains, buses ...

1202 HOW FREQUENTLY DOES A CAR USUALLY NEED SERVICING ? How frequently a car needs servicing depends on the make and age of the car ... perhaps every 3,000 to 6,000 miles ...

TRANSFER przelew

BANKING (adj & n)

bankowy, bankowość

HOW IS MONEY TRANSFERRED FROM ONE COUNTRY TO ANOTHER ? Money is transferred ... through, or via, the international banking system ...

OUT OF SIGHT

poza zasięgiem wzroku

IN SIGHT w polu widzenia

WHAT "DOES THE EXPRESSION "OUT OF SIGHT, OUT OF MIND" MEAN ?/ The expression "out of..." means that sometimes when we don't see a person (or thing) for some time, we tend to forget about them, especially if the memory of them is not very pleasant... WHAT'S THE OPPOSITE OF "THE SHIP WAS OUT OF SIGHT" ? The opposite of... the ship was in sight ATTITUDE

TAKE SERIOUSLY

SOLDIER ON

postawa

brać poważnie

kroczyć śmiało

WHAT DO YOU THINK IS THE BEST ATTITUDE TO ADOPT TOWARDS AN EXAM, OR TOWARDS LIFE IN GENERAL ? I think the best attitude ... is to take things seriously, but not to worry too much and so make ourselves ill by becoming too nervously anxious ... and when things go wrong in life, not to let them get us down ... pick ourselves up ... soldier on ... there's always another day ...

1203 SIGH wzdychać WHEN DO PEOPLE SIGH ?/

IMPATIENT niecierpliwy People sigh when they are tired ... impatient... sad or unhappy ... when they desire something ...

CIRCUMSTANCE okoliczności

MYSTERIOUS tajemniczy

INVESTIGATE zbadać

WHAT DO THE POLICE HAVE TO DO WHEN SOMEONE DIES IN MYSTERIOUS CIRCUMSTANCES ? When someone dies in ... the police have to investigate in order to find out whether the person was murdered or not... GET UP TO osiągnąć, dotrzeć WHICH STAGE OF THE METHOD HAVE WE GOT UP TO SO FAR? We've got up to Stage 11 so far RIDICULOUS śmieszny, absurdalny WHAT STYLE OR FASHION OF CLOTHES (PAST OR PRESENT) DO YOU THINK LOOKS THE MOST RIDICULOUS?/ The style or fashion ... which I think... 1204 STAFF

pracownicy

ASSEMBLE zebranie

WHAT IS MEANT BY A STAFF MEETING AT A SCHOOL OR A PLACE OF WORK ? By a staff meeting ... when all the members of the staff assemble to discuss certain matters of importance ...

ROLE

rola

GUY (SLANG) = MAN facet

IF YOU WERE AN ACTOR (OR ACTRESS), WHAT KIND OF ROLE WOULD YOU LIKE TO PLAY ?/ If I were an ... the good guy ... the bad guy ...the tough guy ... the wicked lady ... VOCABULARY WITH EXAMPLES:-

GO WITH pasować do

DRESS SENSE gust

This vase goes with all the other items we have to deliver to Mrs. Brown tomorrow. He seemed to have very little dress sense. His socks did not go very well with his trousers, and his tie did not go very well with his shirt. 1205 BEDSITTER

kawalerka

SITTING-ROOM

TENANT

salon

lokator

A bedsitter is a combined bedroom and sitting-room. It is the sort of place a young man or young woman would rent if living and working away from home. It might also contain a shower and a place to cook. If not, there might be a bathroom and kitchen that are used in common with other tenants in the house./ LET DOWN zawodzić

SEAMAN

marynarz

The injured seaman was slowly let down the side of the ship on ropes, and into the waiting boat. COSTLY

kosztowny

The project was far too costly to be carried out, and eventually had to be called off. PUT UP

podnieść (cenę) przenocować

The company was obliged to put up the price of its manufactured goods in order to cover its costs. The weather was too stormy to walk home in. Fortunately, my friend had a spare room at his house and so was able to put me up for the night. 1206 FRUITFUL owocny We had sqme very fruitful discussions on the future relations between our two countries. LET IN wpuścić do....

LET OUT wypuścić z...

SCENE scena

Because we arrived late at the theatre we were not let in until the end of the flrst scene, so as not to disturb the other members of the audience./ The children were let out of school earlier than usual that day in order to watch the event on television. She let out a great sigh of relief when she learned that her husband had not been killed in the accident. COUNTER lada I asked the man behind the counter if he had my size of shirt in stock in white. STAY BEHIND (OR STOP BEHIND) zostać w tyle

ACCOMMODATION zakwaterowanie

Most of the group stayed behind whilst the rest of us went on ahead to see if we could find suitable accommodation for the night./ OVERLOOK wyglądać na

1207 My hotel window overlooked some of the most magnificent scenery I had ever seen. WRITE OUT opisać

INCIDENT zajście

Write out everything you can remember about the incident. LIVE ON

żyć

It was only just possible for him to live on the allowance he received each week from his parents./ She lived on for another three years after her husband had died. CRITICAL

OBSERVER

PARTNERSHIP /

krytyczny

obserwator

związek

It was clear to any outside observer that the partnership could not survive, as each partner was highly critical of everything the other partner did. OVERSEAS zagraniczny

CONSIDERABLY znaczący

The company's overseas trade has grown quite considerably over the last few years, due to the improved quality of its manufactured goods. 1208 STOP IN

pozostać

Some of the children were made to stop in after school as punishment for their bad behaviour./ CROSSING

przeprawa

The crossing of the river was made easier by the fact that the river was quite shallow in parts. LET THROUGH

przepuszczać

"Don't let anybody through unless they have a ticket!" OVERTIME godziny nadliczbowe The staff worked overtime in order to finish the job on time. LOOK ON

przyglądać się

As the robbers rushed out of the bank and into a waiting van, the people in the street looked on in shocked amazement at what was happening.

FAVOURABLE przychylny, korzystny

HOPEFUL pełen nadziei

HOPELESS beznadziejny

I am hopeful of receiving a favourable reply to my letter, so that I can go ahead with my plans. 1209 The soldiers, finding the situation quite hopeless, decided to surrender. BREAK IN włamać się

I WONDER IF I MIGHT ciekaw jestem czy mógłbym

The factory was broken into during the night and quite a lot of material was stolen./ "I wonder if I might break in here with a word of advice?" The words "I wonder if I might" are an extra polite form of "may, might" or "could", e.g. "I wonder if I might have a glass of water, please ?" or, "I wonder if you could open the window for me, please ?" HANDSHAKE

uścisk dłoni

A handshake is sometimes sufficient to conclude a deal between two businessmen. COUNT JN włączyć (kogoś)

COUNT OUT nie brać pod uwagę

Before I understood the details of the agreement, I thought you could count me in on the deal, but now I am afraid you will have to count me out. 1210 VOCABULARY FOR TRANSLATION:CHART wykres

CATALOGUE katalog

EMBARK wsiąść na statek lub samolot

DISEMBARK zejść na ląd, (ze statku, samolotu)

FIST pięść

LONGING tęsknota

STORAGE zapas

TILL kasa

VEST podkoszulek

TABLET tabletka

RIVAL rywal ZIP zamek błyskawiczny

DICTATION 104 Some initial research was done,/ and a survey was carried out,/ but then the project was dropped./ At the frontier/ there were several military lorries/ full of soldiers./ We decided to send the towels to the laundry./ Among the items on the table/ were a jar of honey,/ a kettle, and a needle and thread./ He had been deaf in one ear since childhood./ Each year,/ she received a diary as a gift./ The coach fare was less than the train fare./ She is a fashion

model/ of some considerable fame./ He gave a lecture on the principles of mathematics./ It was clear that he was scared,/ by the way he gripped the arms of the chair. LESSON 175 PROUD dumny ARE YOU PROUD OF YOUR COUNTRY'S ACHIEVEMENTS IN SPORT RECENTLY ? Yes,... or ... No, I'm ashamed... 1211 SIMPLE prosty

COMPLEX skomlplikowany

WHAT DO WE MEAN BY SIMPLE FOOD, A SIMPLE LIFE, OR A SIMPLE EXAM ? By simple food ... plain food ... a life that is not complicated or complex ... an exam that is quite easy ... RUN OUT wyczerpać WHAT DO YOU SUPPOSE WILL HAPPEN WHEN THE WORLD RUNS OUT OF ITS NATURAL RESOURCES ?/ When the world runs... I suppose... we will all die... STAMP

przybić(pieczęć), wybić

WHAT'S THE LARGEST COIN IN THE MONEY OF THIS COUNTRY, AND WHAT IS STAMPED ON ITS HEAD SIDE AND ON ITS TAIL SIDE? The largest coin... GO OFF zepsuć się

FREEZER = COMPARTMENT OF A REFRIGERATOR zamrażalnik

REFRIGERATOR (FRIDGE)

lodówka

HOW SOON DOES MEAT, FISH OR MILK GO OFF IN HOT WEATHER IF IT IS NOT KEPT IN A FRIDGE?/ Meat, fish or milk go off... in quite a short time... 1212 WHAT IS A FREEZER?

A freezer is the extra cold compartment of a fridge

AT WORK w pracy WHEN A WOMAN IS AT WORK, WHO USUALLY LOOKS AFTER HER CHILDREN ? When a woman is ... a member of her family ... a friend ... a special nursery...

RETIRE odejść RETIREMENT na rentę.emeryturę emerytura

TAKE UP zacząć, znaleźć (hobby)

WHAT'S THE RETIREMENT AGE IN THIS COUNTRY ?

GARDENING ogrodnictwo The retirement age ...

WHAT SORT OF THINGS DO PEOPLE USUALLY DO WHEN THEY RETIRE ?/ When people retire, they usually take up a hobby, or a sport of some description, or do some gardening ... IN WHAT WAYS DO INDIVIDUALS TAKE UP MORE SPACE IN THE WORLD TODAY THAN THEY USED TO ? Individuals take up ... because if, for example, they own a car, that car is taking up space; in the old days large families lived in small houses, today, smaller families are living in larger houses; in the old days it was common in many countries for people to sleep 4 or 5 in a room. Today, in those same countries people sleep only one or two in a room ... STYLE styl

ARCHITECT architekt

ARCHITECTURE architektura

1213 WHICH STYLE OF ARCHITECTURE, OR CLOTHES, DO YOU PREFER (WHICH PERIOD FOR EXAMPLE), AND WHY ?/ The style of... I prefer ... AWARE być świadom, wiedzieć

GO ON dziać się

WHAT DOES ONE HAVE TO DO IF ONE WISHES TO BE AWARE OF WHAT'S GOING ON IN THE WORLD ? If one wishes to be ... one has to read newspapers and magazines, listen to the radio and watch television ... SLICE kawałek, kroić w kawałki CAN YOU BUY SLICED BREAD IN THE SHOPS IN THIS TOWN (VILLAGE, CITY) ?/ Yes, you can ... or... No, you can't ... OUT OF WORK bez pracy WHAT DO WE CALL PEOPLE WHO ARE OUT OF WORK ?

We call people ... unemployed

CRAWL czołgać się, pełzać HOW DOES A BABY MOVE BEFORE IT LEARNS TO WALK ? A baby crawls on its hands and knees before ...

OUT OF PRACTICE wyjść z wprawy ABOUT HOW LONG DO YOU HAVE TO GO WITHOUT SPEAKING 1214 ENGLISH BEFORE YOU BEGIN TO FEEL OUT OF PRACTICE?/ I have to go about... before ... STARE wpatrywać się

POEM wiersz

BOUGH gałąź

AS LONG AS tak długo jak

ANT mrówka

WHAT DO YOU THINK THESE TWO LINES OF A POPULAR POEM MEAN ? - "WHAT IS THIS LIFE IF FULL OF CARE, WE HAVE NO TIME TO STAND AND STARE ? NO TIME TO STAND BENEATH THE BOUGHS, AND STARE AS LONG AS SHEEP AND COWS?" (W. H. Davies 1871 -1940)/ I think those ... life is not worth much if we dash around all the time like worried ants, without giving ourselves time to relax, look at nature, and think... VOCABULARY WITH EXAMPLES:-

LEFT-HANDED

leworęczny

RIGHT-HANDED

praworęczny

Some people are left-handed in certain things they do and right-handed in others.

FALL IN LOVE (OR FALL FOR)

zakochać się

The couple fell in love with each other the first time they met. 1215 WEEKDAY od poniedziałku do piątku

RUN

kursować

The 8 o'clock bus only runs on weekdays. On Sundays the first bus is at 8.30. GET ROUND omijać (prawo)

OUTLAW człowiek wyjęty spod prawa

AUTHORITY władza

When too many people manage to get round a particular law, the government usually has to tighten up on that law, or change it./ The outlaw was worried that if it got around that he was wanted by the authorities, he would have to leave town in a hurry.

UNIVERSAL/ LY powszechny, powszechnie It was universally agreed that such an historic building should not be pulled down.

LIVE THROUGH

przeżył

Anyone who has lived through a major war is hardly likely to want to live through another. WHICHEVER którykolwiek, jakikolwiek

Whichever way you look at it, the result will not be very favourable to us. 1216 GO OVER przejrzeć, sprawdzić

Let us go over all the facts of the case again very carefully and see if we can't discover where we are making a mistake./ WIDELY szeroko

She is widely recognised as being one of the best actresses in the theatre today. HOLD OUT pozostać, trwać

I don't know if the food will hold out long enough to see us to the end of our journey. DOUBTFUL/ LY

DOUBTLESS/LY

wątpliwy.wątpliwie

niewątpliwy, niewątpliwie

It is doubtful whether he will get here in time for the wedding, but doubtless he will be here for the reception afterwards. KEEP UP utrzymać

KEEP UP WITH nadążyć

In order to keep up such high standards of tennis, it is necessary to practise hard./ 1217 As the horses raced round the bend it was clear that the one I had bet on was not going to keep up with the rest HEADLINES

3650

nagłówki

The headlines in the papers this morning all said more or less the same thing. PROVE udowodnić

In a law court in some countries, a person accused of a crime has to be proved guilty, whilst in other countries he (or she) has to be proved innocent. LET OFF odpalać, wystrzelić

FIREWORKS sztuczne ognie

It is the custom in many countries to let off fireworks during the celebration of special occasions./

He was very fortunate to be let off with just a warning. He could quite easily have been sent to prison. CLOAKROOM szatnia

OVERCOAT płaszcz

A cloak is a kind of coat without sleeves. It is seldom worn these days, but the word cloakroom is still used to describe the room where people hang their coats. Another word for coat is "overcoat". 1218 MAKE OUT wypełnić, wypisać

STRAIGHTAWAY w tej chwili

"I'll make out your bill straightaway, sir." His writing is so bad I can't make out what this word's supposed to be./ RELIABLE godny zaufania

UNRELIABLE nie godny zaufania

SHOW UP zjawić

He's very unreliable. He promises that he'll come and do the job at a certain time on a certain day and then doesn't show up.

A dark object set against a light background shows up very clearly, and vice versa. PICK UP przyswoić, robić postęp For some people, it's easy to pick up a language just by being in the country where it is spoken, but for most people it is necessary to study it in some form or other./ She began her studies very badly, but picked up very rapidly towards the end. FAR EAST Daleki Wschód

MIDDLE EAST Środkowy Wschód

MERIDIAN południowy, południk

LEBANON Liban

1219 In relation to the nought degrees meridian at Greenwich, the area of Japan and China etc. is known as the Far East, whilst the area of Egypt, the Lebanon etc. is known as the Middle East. TAKE IN zrozumieć There was just too much information to take in all at once. He's very easily taken in. He is even silly enough to bet on the three-card trick that men perform in the street, where one has to guess which of three upside-down cards is the king./ HI! cześć!

HEY!

hej!

"Hi!" we use to greet a passing friend in the street. "Hey!" we use to attract someone's attention at a distance.

BREAK OFF zerwać

ENGAGEMENT zaręczyny

The couple had a big row and broke off their engagement. DELIGHTED zachwycony, uradowani

Her parents were absolutely delighted to hear that she had passed her exams with top marks.

1220 HOLD UP zatrzymać The delivery of mail was held up because some of the postal workers were on strike. DAD - DADDY tato, tatuś

MUM - MUMMY

mama, mamusia

Dad and mum, daddy and mummy, are what children call their parents, usually throughout their entire lives./ MANHOOD męskość, dojrzałość

WOMANHOOD kobiecość, bycie kobietą

MOTHERHOOD macierzyństwo

The word "manhood" means the state of being a man, e.g. He spent most of his manhood living abroad. Other such words are womanhood, childhood, motherhood etc. BANK HOLIDAY dzień wolny

GOOD FRIDAY wielki piątek

BOXING DAY drugi dzień Świąt Bożego Narodzenia

Bank Holidays are basically public holidays, such as Good Friday (at Easter time) and Boxing Day (the day after Christmas Day).

FEEL LIKE

mieć ochotę

1221 I don't feel like going out this evening. I would much rather stay at home and read a good book./

FORM zorganizować We decided to form a tennis club in the village.

SPY szpieg The spy was caught red-handed. TAKE PLACE mieć miejsce If it rains, the event will take place indoors.

LAST trwać This is all the food we have left. It will have to last us over the weekend.

ON BEHALF OF w imieniu "On behalf of the team, I would like to thank the club for giving us such an excellent dinner." VOCABULARY FOR TRANSLATION:CHOKE dławić się DOSE doza, porcja

SUNRISE wschód słońca

COMMUNICATE komunikować się DUSK zmierzch

CORD struna

CYCLE cykl

FUSE stapiać się, bezpiecznik

SUNSET zachód słońca

THORN cierń

SHOELACE sznurowadło

RUST 3668 rdza

ADDITIONAL PHRASAL VERBS ASK AFTER dowiadywać się We forgot to ask after her husband, who is in hospital. BACK OUT OF cofnąć, nie dotrzymać słowa

1223 He backed out of the agreement at the last moment and refused to sign the contract BACK UP udzielać popracia

If I go and complain to the boss, will you back me up ? BREAK DOWN załamać się

She could take no more. She just broke down and cried. BREAK THROUGH

przedrzeć (się)

It was very difficult to break through the resistance to the plan. BRING ABOUT

powodować, wywołać

The disaster which followed was brought about by the floods./ BRING IN wprowadzać, wydać

The government brought in a new law to cover the emergency. BRING OFF doprowadzić coś do końca Despite the difficulties and lack of encouragement, he managed to bring it off. BRING OUT wynieść, uwydatniać 1224 In his letter to the board of directors, he failed to bring out the main points of the argument. BRING ROUND oprzytomnieć We brought him round by throwing a glass of water in his face. CALL BY wpaść do kogoś We will call by on our way home tomorrow to let you know what happened./ CALL FOR wymagać Tougher laws were called for in order to stop the increase in crime. CALL IN

kupić coś (po drodze)

"Would you call in at the greengrocer's on the way home and buy me some onions ?" CALL ON zaprosić I called on John on my way to the cinema and asked him if he would like to come with me. CALL UP

powołać (do służby)

1225 Many millions of men had to be called up during the Second World War. CARRY OFF

uprowadzić

The child was carried off by the two men and held by them until his parents paid the money they demanded./ CATCH ON

przyjąć się

That kind of music will never catch on in this country. Some people are very slow to catch on to what is being said. CHECK OVER sprawdzić I think we should check the goods over before we send them off.

CLEAR OFF wynosić się, zniknąć The youths soon cleared off the moment the police arrived. COME ACROSS być zrozumianym What he was trying to explain in his speech did not come across very clearly. COME BY przejechać obok 1226 The car came by my house at a frightening speed./ COME FORWARD wyłonić się, pojawić się To everyone's surprise no-one came forward to collect the reward. COME OFF wyjść What we were trying to do didn't quite come off. COME OUT rosnąć, okazać się It is the type of flower that comes out in late spring. Let's hope it will all come out to everyone's advantage. COUNT ON

polegać

You can always count on her help in a crisis. CUT ACROSS skrócić (drogę) We cut across the field in order to save time. CUT BACK zredukować znacząco The government had to cut back on the amount of money it was spending on arms./ 1227 CUT IN wyjechać nagle do przodu The car cut in in front of us. I wonder if I might cut in here on the conversation. CUT OFF

odciąć

Last night our electricity supply was suddenly cut off. CUT OUT

usunąć

We have too many. We'll have to cut that one out. CUT UP

pociąć

She cut the paper up into several small pieces. DO AWAY WITH

wyrzucić

It's about time you did away with that old jacket of yours. DO OUT OF

pozbawić

He was very angry at having been done out of his fair share of the profits./ DRAW IN

skracać

DRAW OUT wydłużać

1228 The days begin to draw in as winter approaches and draw out as summer approaches. DROP BY wpaść do kogoś

It was nice of you to drop by to see me. DROP OUT odpaść Because of the speed and character of modern life, some people decide to drop out of society. I now regret dropping out in the middle of the course. FACE UP TO stawić czoła

I just couldn't face up to another violent argument with him. FALL BACK ON

zwrócić się, powrócić

She always had her parents to fall back on in an emergency./ FALL IN WITH

zaznajomić się

We fell in with a group of tourists who were able to help us and give us directions. We were quite willing to fall in with their plans. 1229 FALL THROUGH zakończyć się fiaskiem Our holiday plans fell through at the last moment, due to my father's sudden illness. FEEL UP TO

nie być w stanie

I'm sorry, but I just don't feel up to going to the party this evening. GET AT zmierzać do czegoś

No matter how hard I tried, I just couldn't understand what he was trying to get at./

GET AWAY WITH

uciec, uniknąć

The thieves broke into the house and got away with a considerable amount of jewellery. The boy got away with the crime on the grounds that he was too young to understand what he was doing. GET DOWN

zejść z...

The children were allowed to get down from the table and play with their new toys. GET IN zebrać do 1230 The schoolchildren helped to get in the harvest before the weather worsened.

GET OFF zacząć, uniknąć (kary)

They got off very lightly, considering the danger they had been in./ The accused got off with a caution. GET OUT OF wydobyć

She seems to get a lot of pleasure out of listening to that kind of music. Somehow he managed to get out of paying his taxes. GET OVER wyzdrowieć, wyrazić

It took him six months to get over his most recent illness. I failed to get over exactly what it was I wished to say. GET ROUND TO

robić coś dalej

I will try to get round to doing the job later this week./ GIVE AWAY zdradzić 1231 The spy was accused of giving away state secrets to the enemy. GO DOWN WITH zacząć chorować

Every winter he goes down with the flu. GO FOR przynieść

He's always asking me to go for something or other for him. GO IN FOR wziąć udział

He intends going in for motor-racing when he is old enough. I wish I had gone in for that competition. It is now clear that I would have won it. GO ON wydawać

Most of what she earns goes on clothes./ GO OUT odejść

COME IN

nadejść

The tide comes in and goes out quite rapidly on this part of the coast. GO THROUGH

przejść przez...

1232 She went through a lot of pain during her last illness.

The police went through the documents very thoroughly. HAND -ON

przekazać

He wants to hand his business on to his son when he dies. HANG BACK wahać się

He hung back for a few seconds before he jumped. HAVE ROUND

gościć

We had some friends round for lunch yesterday. HOLD IN

przytrzymać

He had to hold his stomach in in order to zip up his trousers./ JOIN UP

złączyć

"Join up the two ends of the string and tie them together!" KEEP AT trzymać w

If you keep at it when learning a language, you're sure to succeed.

1233 KEEP DOWN

utrzymać

It was difficult to keep down the number of rabbits to a reasonable figure. KEEP IN zatrzymać w... Some of the children were kept in after school for bad behaviour. KEEP OFF

unikać

My doctor told me to keep off fatty foods if I wished to lose weight. KEEP ON

utrzymać, kontynuować

If you keep on driving for another two miles, you will come to the house you're looking for./ Even though there was very little work for him to do, the company decided to keep him on. LAY BY

odłożyć

We had to lay by a good stock of food for the winter. LIVE UP TO spełniać oczekiwania 1234 He certainly lived up to his reputation as the strongest man in the village. LOOK IN

odwiedzić

"Don't forget to look in on Aunt Mary and say hallo!" LOOK INTO

zbadać

The police looked into the matter, but could find no evidence of murder./ LOOK THROUGH

przejrzeć

I looked through the magazine, but could not find the article you mentioned. LOOK UP TO

brać przykład

All his life he had looked up to his brother and followed his example. MAKE OUT OF

rozumieć

"What do you make out of this note left by the killer ?" MAKE UP FOR zrekompensować

I promise to make up for all the trouble I have been to you.

1235 MISS OUT stracić okazję Because of illness he missed out on the final match.

OPEN UP otworzyć

SCARF szalik

He opened up the bag he had been carrying and took out his scarf./ PASS AWAY

umrzeć

She passed away peacefully in her sleep. PASS OFF przeszedł, ustać, odbyć się The headache passed off soon after I took the pill. The ceremony passed off without any major disasters taking place. PAY BACK odpłacić (się) She eventually paid him back for all the nasty things he had said. PAY IN wpłacać The money was paid into the bank every day. 1236 PAY OFF

spłacić

Eventually he paid off every last penny he owed. All the men were paid off when the job was completed./ PAY OUT wypłacić The insurance company had to pay out considerable sums of money following the accident. PAY UP wypłacić The company was made to pay up every penny it owed its workers. PULL OFF zciąngnąć Someone had pulled the label off the suitcase. The police prevented the criminals from pulling off a very daring robbery. PULL ON wciągnąć

He pulled his clothes on in a hurry and rushed off to work. PULL OUT wyrwać, wyjechać I had one tooth pulled out and two filled. 1237 The train pulled slowly out of the station./ PULL UP

podjechał

The car pulled up in front of the entrance to the block of flats. PUT ASIDE

odłożyć

She had put aside quite a considerable sum of money for her old age. PUT BACK odłożyć, przesunąć w tył The trial was put back for a further three months. I had to put the clock back two minutes as it had gained that amount of time over the last few days. PUT IN FOR ubiegać się, złożyć podanie I put in for the job, but it doesn't look as though I will get it./ PUT OFF zniechęcić My parents tried to put me off going to live away from home. Be quiet! Otherwise you'll put me off my aim. RUN AWAY WITH

uciec

1238 The thief ran away with the woman's bag. To everyone's amazement he ran away with the first prize RUN DOWN

przejechać, wyczerpać się

The dog was run down as it tried to cross the road. These radio batteries have almost run down completely. RUN INTO wjechać, najechać The two cyclists ran into each other as they came round the corner./ Wandering around town yesterday, I ran into a very old friend of mine. RUN OFF wydrukować

I wonder if you wouldn't mind running off a dozen copies of this article for me on your machine? RUN OVER przebiec, sprawdzić, przejechać She ran her eyes over the list once more. I'll just run over the main points again of what I have been saying. The dog was run over as it tried to cross the road. 1239 SEE ABOUT dopilnować I wonder if you would be so kind as to see about the arrangements for receiving our guests./ Leave the problem with me; I'll see about it. SEE OFF odprowadzić We all decided to go to the station to see her off. SEE TO dopilnować I will see to it that something is done straightaway. SEND .IN

przysłać

You must send in your application before the 31st of July. SEND OFF wysłać We sent off a reply as soon as we had read his letter. SEND ON wysłać Don't worry, we will send your mail on after you have left. SET BACK opóźnić Our journey was set back a day or two due to the floods./ 1240 SET DOWN zapisać We set down everything that happened to us on our travels. SET IN

nadejść

Enjoy the warmth and sunshine whilst you may. The winter will be setting in soon.

SET OFF

rozpocząć

Such an event is sure to set off a chain reaction. SIT FOR zdawać egzamin I'm going to sit for the exam in June. SIT UP

siedzieć (długo nad czymś)

We sat up all night discussing the state of the nation. STAND BY stać bezczynnie People just stood by in amazement and watched the robbery take place./ He stood by his friend through every difficulty. STAND FOR oznaczać, wspierać kogoś 1241 The design stands for world peace. "I won't stand for that kind of behaviour from anyone!" STAND IN FOR zastępować I'm standing in for the manager, who's on holiday. STAND OUT wyróżniać się Because of his height, he always stands out in a crowd. STAND UP FOR

ująć się za kimś

My brother always stood up for me against the other boys when I was at school. STAND UP TO stawić czoła I was quite determined to stand up to the boss in the argument./ He had to leave the job, as he could not stand up to the pressure. STICK OUT robić coś do końca I will try and stick it out, but I don't know how much longer I can last. STICK TO pozostać przy czymś/kimś 1242 She stuck to her friend throughout the trial. Once I start something, I stick to it to the absolute end.

STOP OFF przystanąć

We stopped off for an hour or two at Richard's place on our way here. STOP OVER zatrzymać siew...

We stopped over in Paris for a couple of days on our way to Rome./ TAKE AFTER być podobnym

He takes after his father in every way. TAKE ON brać na siebie

He always takes on too many jobs and too much responsibility. TAKE TO polubić (kogoś)

She's not the type to take to drugs. The two women took to each other immediately. THINK OF wymyślić 1243 Some inventions are so obvious that it is amazing they were not thought of before.

THINK OUT rozważyć We must think this thing out very carefully. THINK OVER przemyśleć

I shall have to think over what you have said before I give you my reply./ TRY ON przymierzyć

I wonder if I could try on the jacket you have in the window; that is, if you have my size. TRY OUT wypróbować

Manufacturers usually try out their products before putting them onto the market. TURN DOWN odrzucić

Turn the lights down low, and let's listen to the music. My application for the job was turned down. TURN INTO zamienić (się)

1244 He took a piece of paper and within minutes turned it into a paper aeroplane. TURN OUT produkować The factory turns out hundreds of such clocks a day./ WEAR OFF

zniknąć

The name on the lid had almost worn off through constant use. WEAR OUT być zmęczonym I feel quite worn out after a day's shopping. WIPE OFF

ścierać, wycierać

"Get a damp cloth and wipe it off immediately! With luck it won't leave a stain." WIPE OUT wytrzeć, zmieść She wiped out the inside of the tin with a dry cloth. The entire army was wiped out by the enemy. 1245 WORK UP

rozwinąć

It was impossible to work up any interest in the game. WRITE AWAY napisać I wrote away for a catalogue three or four weeks ago, but still haven't received one. WRITE IN

napisać do zakładu, organizacji

If you want further information you have to write in to the above address. WRITE OFF napisać (po coś) I wrote off for further information, but haven't received it yet. WRITE UP

napisać

I must go home and write up the notes I have taken during his speech.

1246

ADDITIONAL VOCABULARY Acid - kwas Airline - linie lotnicze Airmail - poczta Airman - pilot Airport - port lotniczy Algebra - algebra Amateur - amator Ambitious - ambitny Apartment - apartament Apparatus - aparat Applicant - kandydat Arab - Arab Arithmetic - arytmetyka Aspirin - aspiryna Assignment - obowiązek, zadanie Astonishment - zdumienie Astrology - astrologia Atlantic - atlantyk Atom - atom Australian - australijski (Australijczyk) Axle - oś (koła) Ballet - balet Ballpoint - długopis Barman - barman Bedclothes - pościel Bedding - pościel, podłoże Bedroom - sypialnia Bedside - przy łóżku Beef-wołowina Beer - piwo Birth control - kontrola urodzin Bitterness - gorycz Blessing - błogosławieństwo Boiler - bojler Boldness - śmiałość Bookshelf- półka na książki Bra - biustonosz Bravery - brawura Brazil - Brazylia Brazilian - brazylijski Breast - pierś Britain - Wielka Brytania Briton - Brytyjczyk

Bubble - bąble, pęcherzyki Buddhist - buddysta Button - guzik Cafe - kafejka Calmness - spokój Camel - wielbłąd Canada - Kanada Canadian - kanadyjski, Kanadyjczyk Cancer - rak Carbon - węgiel Caribbean - karaibski Cassette - kaseta Catholic - katolik Cent - cent Central - centralny Certainly - oczywiście Certainty - oczywistość Certificate - zaświadczenie Chairman- przewodniczący Charter - statut, charter Chemical - chemiczny Chip - strugać, drzazga Christianity - chrześcijaństwo Cigar - cygaro Circular - kołowy, kolisty Circus - cyrk Classification - klasyfikacja Clearing - oczyszczenie, zachmurzony Cloudy - pochmurny Co-operation - współpraca Cock - kogut Communism - komunizm Communist - Ip, komunista Community - wspólnota Completion - kompletowanie Computer - komputer Confession - wyznanie Congratulations - gratulacje Conqueror - najeźdźca Conservation - ochrona, konserwacja Correction - korekta, poprawa Correspondence - korespondencja Couch - fotel, sofa

Covering - pokrywający Crockery - fajans Crossroads - skrzyżowanie Cruelty - okrutność Crust - skórka chleba Cultural - kulturalny Curly - kręcony Customs - urząd celny Cylinder - cylinder Dancer - tancerz Dancing - taniec, tańczący Darling - kochanie Dash (pronunciation mark) - myślnik Daylight - światło dzienne Daytime - dzień Deafen - ogłuchnąć Dealer - dystrybutor, sprzedawca Decent - właściwy, do zaakceptowania Decimal - dziesiętny Declaration - deklaracja Democracy - demokracja Democratic - demokratyczny Deputy - deputowany Descendant - potomek Desirable - pożądany Diagram - diagram Diameter - średnica Dictate - dyktować Difficulty - trudność Digs - kwatery Disagreement - różnica, niezgodność Disappearance - zniknięcie Disapproval - dezaprobata Discotheque - dyskoteka Dishwasher - maszyna do mycia naczyń Dismissal - zwolnienie Displease - zdenerwować Dissatisfy - wywołać niezadowolenie Dramatic - dramatyczny Dressmaking - krawiectwo Drive-in - parking z barem i kinem Dullness - nuda, matowość Duster - ścierka do kurzu Dustman - sprzątacz Ear-ring - kolczyk do ucha

Earthenware - ceramika Economic - ekonomiczny, osczędny Economy - ekonomia Editor - wydawca Education - edukacja Educational - edukacyjny Effective - efektywny Electric - elektryczny Electrical - elektryczny Electrician- elektryk Electronic - elektroniczny Element - element Emotional - emocjonalny Encouragement - zachęcenie Ending - zakończenie Engineering - inżynieria Enjoyment - uciecha, radość Equality - równość Equator - równik Erotic - erotyczny Everlasting - wieczny Executive - wykonawczy Exhibition - wystawa Expansion - ekspansja Experimental - eksperymentalny Explanation - wyjaśnienie Exploration - badanie Explorer - badacz, poszukiwacz Explosive - wybuchający Export - eksport Extension - przedłużenie Extraordinarily - nadzwyczajny Farmhouse - dom na farmie Fashionable - modny Faulty - wadliwy, nieprawidłowy Fearful - pełen strachu Fearless - nieustraszony Fighter - bojownik, zawodnik Filing - plomba Fireman - strażak Fisherman - rybak Fitness - kondycja Fleet - flota, marynarka wojenna Flock - stado Folksong - pieśń ludowa

Follower - zwolennik Formula - formuła Framework - szkielet French Revolution - Rewolucja Francuska Frenchman - Francuz Frequency - częstotliwość Freshen - odświeżyć Friendly - przyjaźnie Gate-post - słupek (u bramki) Gateway - brama wejściowa Gentleness - delikatność Gents - panowie Geometrical - geometryczny Golf-golf Goodness - dobroć Goose/geese - gęś, gęsi Grammatical - gramatyczny Grandchild - wnuczek Granddaughter - wnuczka Grandparent - dziadek, babka Grandson - wnuczek Graph - graf Grassy - trawiasty Greatness - wielkość Greedy - łakomy Growth - wzrost Guarantee - gwarancja Guilt - wina Guitar - gitara Gulf-zatoka Hairbrush - szczotka do włosów Haircut - strzyżenie włosów Hairdrier - suszarka do włosów Handwriting - charakter pisma Harden - twardnieć Hardness - twardość Hardware - narzędzia Hasty - szybki Hateful - pełen nienawiści Heading - nagłówek, chodnik Heater - grzejnik Helping - porcja jedzenia Hen - kura Hesitation - wahanie się Hi-fi - wysoka jakość

Highland - wyżyna Hijack - porywacz Hillside - zbocze Hindrance - przeszkoda Hindu - indyjski Holder - posiadacz Home-made - domowej roboty Homeless - bezdomny Honesty - uczciwiść Honourable - dostojny Horoscope - horoskop Horseback - grzbiet konia Horseman - jeździec Hostage - zakładnik Hothouse - szklarnia Housekeeper - gospodyni Housekeeping - utrzymanie domu Icy - lodowy Idleness - bezczynność Imitation - imitacja Immigrant - imigrant Immoral - niemoralny Impatient - niecierpliwy Import - import Improper - niewłaściwy Improvement - poprawa Including - włączając Index - spis Indian – indiański Industry - przemysł Infectious - zakaźny Inspector - inspektor Institute - instytut Institution - instytucja Instrumental - instrumentalny Intentional - celowy Intonation - intonacja Introduction - wprowadzenie Investigation - dochodzenie Invoice - faktura Irishman - Irlandczyk Islam - islam Jewish - żydowski Jockey - dżokej Jolly - wesoły, podchmielony

Joyful- radosny Judgement - sąd, orzeczenie Keeper - dozorca, dozorczyni Kind-hearted - osoba z dobrym sercem Kiosk - kiosk Kite - latawiec Knickers - majtki Lad - chłopak, młodzieniec Lamp-post - latarnia uliczna Laughter - śmiech Leader - lider Leafy - liściasty Lean (meat) - chude(mięso) Learning - nauka, wiedza Lens - szkła kontaktowe Lessen - zmniejszać Librarian - bibliotekarz Lighten - zapalać Linen - płótno Listener - słuchacz Living-room - salon

Lobby - lobby Lodge - portiernia, zakwaterować Lodger - lokator Loudspeaker - głośnik, megafon Machinę - maszyna Machinery - mechanizm Magnet - magnes Magnetic - magnetyczny Maintenance - utrzymanie Maker - twórca Manly - męski Marxist - marksista Mate - kolega Maths - matematyka Meadow - łąka Measles - odra Menu - menu/spis Merciful - litościwy Merciless - bezlitosny Microscope - mikroskop Middle Ages -średniowiecze Middle-aged - w średnim wieku (osoba) Mileage - milaź, odległość w milach Milkman - mleczarz

Milky - mleczny Minerał - minerał Minibus - minibus/Nyska Mission - misja Misunderstood - źle zrozumieć Mixer - mikser Moderately - umiarkowanie Modesty - skromność Moonlight - światło księżyca Morality - moralność Mosque - meczet Motel - motel Motorist - automobilista Mouthful - pełne usta Multiplication - mnożenie Mumps - świnka (choroba) Musician - muzyk Muslim muzułmanin National - narodowy Necessity - konieczność Necklace - korale Negro (or black) - Murzyn New Zealand - Nowa Zelandia New Zealander Nowo-Zelandczyk Nightfall - zmrok North Sea - Morze Północne Obedience - posłuszeństwo Obedient - posłuszny Occasional - okazyjny Oil-producing - produkujący olej Omelette - omlet Opening - otwarcie, otwór Opera - opera Oral - słowny Orchestra - orkiestra Oriental - wschodni/orientalny Ornamental - ornamentacyjny Overall - ubranie robocze, ogółem Ownership - posiadanie Ox - wół Pacific - Pacyfik Pack (of cards) - talia kart Painful - bolesny, przykry Pains - ból, cierpienie Paleness - bladość

Pants - kalesony Partial - częściowy, stronniczy Pastime - rozrywka Peaceful - pokojowy Perfection - perfekcja Performer - wykonawca, artysta Persuasion - perswazja Photographer - fotograf Photographic - fotograficzny Photography - fotografia Physics - fizyka Pick-up - adapter, samochód ciężarowy Pie - ciastko Plaster - gips, tynk, plaster Plastic - plastikowy Playground - plac zabaw Plentiful - obfity, liczny Poisonous - trujący Pole Star - Gwiazda Północna Pollution - zanieczyszczenie Popularity - popularność Portugal - portugalski Possession - posiadanie, władanie Possibility - możliwość Postcard - pocztówka Preferable - lepszy, bardziej pożądany Pregnant - ciężarna Preparation - przygotowanie Prescription - recepta Presence - obecność Preservation - ochrona, utrzymywanie, Prevention - zapobieganie, profilaktyka Prick - ukłucie, ukłuć Printer - drukarka Producer - producent Proficiency - biegłość, sprawność Proposal - propozycja Protestant - protestant Province - prowincja Provision - prowizja Pub - pub, bar Publication - publikacja Pudding - podwieczorek Punishment - kara Queer - dziwny, dziwaczny

Quietness - cisza, spokój Radar - radar Railroad - kolej Rainfall - opad/deszczu Rainy - deszczowy Raisin - rodzynka Realisation - realizacja, wykonania Recognition - uznanie, rozpoznanie Recommendation - rekomendacja Recreation - rekreacja Reduction - redukcja Reflection - odbicie Refusal - odmowa Regularity - regularność Removal - usunięcie Resignation - rezygnacja Respectful - pełen respektu Responsibility - odpowiedzialność Rider - jeździec Ripen - dojrzewać Risky - ryzykowny Roundabout - rondo, okrężny Rusty - zardzewiały Salad - sałatka Salesman - ekspedient, komiwojażer Sandbank - piaszczysty brzeg Sandy - piaszczysty Satisfaction - satysfakcja Satisfactory - zadowalający Savings - oszczędność Scarcity - niedostatek Scholarship - stypendium Schoolmaster - nauczyciel Schoolmistress - nauczycielka Scooter - skuter Scornful - pogardliwy Scots - Szkoci Scotsman - Szkot Scottish - szkocki Scout - skaut, harcerz Seaport - port morski Seatbelt - pas bezpieczeństwa Secretary - sekretarka Senate - senat Separation - rozdział, separacja

Settlement - osada, osiedle Settler - osadnik, kolonista Sex - płeć Sexual - płciowy, seksualny Sexy - ponętny, sexy Shadowy - cienisty Shady - cienisty, zacieniony Shallowness - płytkość Shapeless - bezkształtny Shipbuilding - budownictwo okrętowe Sideboard- kredens Sightseeing - zwiedzanie Simplicity - prostota Sincerity - szczerość Singer - śpiewak, śpiewaczka Sketch - szkic, zarys, skecz Skilful - zręczny Slacks - spodnie marynarskie Sleepy - śpiący Slippery - ślisko Snowy - śnieżny Socialism - socjalizm, Soften - zmiękczać, łagodzić Softness - łagodność Sorrowful - pełen smutku Souvenir - pamiątka Soviet Union - Związek Radziecki Spaniard - Hiszpan Spite - niechęć, uraza Sponge - gąbka Sportsman sportowiec Springtime - czas wiosenny Squat - kucać, przysadzisty Squatter - mieszkający nielegalnie Staircase -klatka schodowa Standardise - standaryzować Stationary - nieruchomy, niezmienny Stationery - materiały piśmienne Steamer- garnek do gotowania na parze Stereo -stereo Stewardess - stuardesa Sticky - lepki, kleisty Stillness - cisza, spokój Story-telling - opowiadanie bajek Stupidity - głupota

Subway - przejście podziemne Super - wspaniały, pierwszorzędny Supermarket - sklep samoobsługowy Supersonic - ponadżwiękowy Surgery - przychodnia Suspicious - nieufny, podejrzliwy Sweeten - słodzić Sweetness - słodkość Taxpayer - podatnik Technical - techniczny Teenager - nastolatek Telegram - telegram telegram Telescope - teleskop Tension - napięcie, naprężenie Terminal - końcowy, stacja końcowa Terminus - przystanek końcowy Thankful - wdzięczny Thanks - podziękowania Thanksgiving - dziękczynienie Thicken - gęstnieć Thickness - gęstość Tights - rajstopy Tile - kafel, płytka Tobacco - Tabaka Town-planning - planowanie Tram - tramwaj Transistor - tranzystor Traveller - podróżny Treasurer - skarbnik Treatment - leczenie Trumpet - trąbka Unbutton - rozpiąć guziki Uncertain - niepewny, wątpliwy Uncertainty - niepewność Uncommon - niezwykły Underline - podkreślić Understanding - rozumienie Unhappy - nieszczęśliwy Union - związek Unisex - dla obydwu płci United - zjednoczony Unity - jedność Unjust - niesprawiedliwy Unkind - nieuprzejmy Unload - rozładować, wyładować

Unlock - otworzyć Unlucky - pechowy, nieszczęśliwy Unnecessary - niekonieczny Unpaid - niezapłacony Unsatisfactory - niezadowalający Untidy - nieporządny Untie - rozwiązywać, rozsupływać Unwilling - niechętny Upland - wyżyna Usefulness - sprawność, użyteczność Valueless - bez wartości Valve - zawór, zasuwa, wentyl Variation - zmiana, wariacja Veranda - weranda Violence - gwałtowność, moc Violin - skrzypce Vitamin - witamina

Volcano - wulkan Volleyball - koszykówka Voltage - woltaż, napięcie Voter - wyborca, głosujący Wag - kiwać się, wahać się Waken - budzić się Washing machine - pralka Watchdog - pies łańcuchowy Watchman- stróż Waterfall - wodospad Watery - wodnisty Weaken - słabnąć Weakness - słabość Wealth - bogactwo Worthless - niewarty Zodiac - zodiak Zoo - ZOO

The word "Negro" in the above list is a good example of how vocabulary is chosen. The word "Black" is more common today, but the student will still come across the word "Negro", especially as some Blacks in America are beginning to prefer to be called "Negroes" once more.

A FEW ABBREVIATIONS Ad arr. Ave. b. b&b BA BSc MA MSc Ph.D

Advertisement arrives, arrival Avenue born bed and breakfast Bachelor of Arts (university degree) Bachelor of Science (university degree) Master of Arts (higher than BA) Master of Science (higher than BSc) Doctor of Philosophy (higher than MA or MSc and used for most subjects, not just philosophy) C Centigrade c cent; century; about (from the latin word "circa") Capt. Captain c/o care of (in an address) cont. continued dep. departs, departure Dip. Diploma Dr. Doctor &c etc., and the rest h & c hot and cold (water) HQ headquarters incl. including, inclusive Is. Island (s) LP Long-playing (record) max. maximum min. minimum mph miles per hour N.B from the Latin-"Nota Bene" - take special note p penny, pence Prof. Professor PS Postscript (a note, or afterthought, added to a letter, below "Yours sincerely" and the signature) PTO Please turn over (the page) VAT Value Added Tax RAF Royal Air Force VIP very important person RSVP please reply (rćpondez s'il vous plait) WC water closet (toilet) sae (please send) stamped addressed envelope wk. week Sq. Square Xmas Christmas temp, temperature, temporary yr. year

Lesson

No. AWHILE

165

AT HOME

ACADEMY ACCELERATE ACCOMMODATION ACCOUNTANT ACCURATE(LY) ACID ACROSS ADEQUATE ADJUST ADMINISTRATION AFFECT AFFECTION AFTER ALL AHEAD OF AID AIR AIRCRAFT AIRLINE AIRMAIL AIRMAN AIRPORT ALARM ALBUM ALGEBRA ALIEN ALL COSTS ALSO ALTER AMATEUR AMAZE AMAZEMENT AMBITIOUS AMBULANCE ANALYSE ANALYSIS ANCHOR ANKLE ANNOUNCE ANNOUNCER ANT ANTIQUE ANY RATE ANYWAY APARTMENT APPARATUS APPARENTLY APPEAL APPETITE APPLICANT APPRECIATE APPROVE ARAB ARCHITECT ARCHITECTURE ARITHMETIC ARMED ARTISTIC AS FOR AS LONG AS ASHORE ASPIRIN ASSEMBLE ASSIGNMENT ASSIST ASSISTANT ASTONISHMENT ASTROLOGY AT A POUND AT A LOSS AT A POUND AT A PROFIT AT A TIME AT ALL COSTS AT ANY RATE AT FIRST SIGHT AT HAND

166 165 174 168 166 175 168 170 162 170 164 162 171 162 163 163 162 175 175 175 175 171 163 175 172 167 163 172 175 166 166 175 163 166 166 169 164 166 166 175 172 166 163 175 175 168 166 173 175 170 172 175 175 175 175 164 169 164 175 169 175 174 175 173 173 175 175 168 168 168 168 164 167 166 167 168

AT LUNCH 163 AT PEACE 162 AT PRESENT 172 AT TIMES 174 AT WAR 165 AT WORK 175 ATLANTIC 175 ATOM 175 ATTACH 167 ATTAIN 170 ATTENDANCE 171 ATTENDANT 171 ATTITUDE 174 ATTRACTIVE 162 AUSTRALIAN 175 AUTHOR 164 AUTHORITY 175 AUTOMATIC / ALLY 173 AVAILABLE 164 AWARD 171 AWARE 175 AWAY 162,164,168 AWFUL 168 AWFULLY 168 AXLE 175 BBC BACKYARD BALCONY BALL BALLET BALLOON BALLPOINT BANDAGE BANG BANK HOLIDAY BANKING (ADJ & N) BANKRUPT BANKRUPTCY BARK BARMAN BASICALLY BED BEDCLOTHES BEDDING BEDROOM BEDSIDE BEDSITTER BEEF BEER BEGGAR BEHALF BEHIND BENCH BET BIKE BIRTH CONTROL BITTERNESS BLANK BLANKET BLESS YOU BLESSING BLOND / E BLUNT BOILER BOLDNESS BOMBER BOMBING BOOKSHELF BOOT BOTHER BOUGH BOXING DAY BRA BRACELET BRAND

168

166 166 168 163 175 162 175 168 166 175 174 162 162 162 175 166 165 175 175 175 175 174 175 175 170 175 174 170 162 164 175 175 163 164 167 175 171 166 175 175 168 168 175 164 169 175 175 175 170 169

BRAVERY

175

BRAZIL 175 BRAZILIAN 175 BREAK-UP 163 BREAK IN 174 BREAK OFF 175 BREAK OUT 166 BREAST 175 BRIDE 165 BRIDEGROOM 165 BRITAIN 175 BRITISH 164 BRITISH BROADCASTING CORPORATION 166 BRITON 175 BROADCAST 166 BRUISE 171 BUBBLE 175 BUDDHIST 175 BUDGET 170 BUG 171 BULB 173 BULLET 166 BUTTON 175 BY AIR 163 BY ALL MEANS 166 BY FAR 167 BY HAND 172 BY LAND 163 BYNAME 164 BY POST 165 BY SIGHT 164 BY SURPRISE 166 CABBAGE CABIN CAFE CALENDAR CALL AWAY CALL FOR CALL IN CALL OFF CALMNESS CAMEL CANADA CANADIAN CANCEL CANCER CANDIDATE CANTEEN CARPARK CARAVAN CARBON CARDS CARE ABOUT CAREER CARGO CARIBBEAN CARPENTER CARRY ON CARRY OUT CASH CASSETTE CATALOGUE CATCH UP CATHOLIC CELEBRATE CELLAR CEMENT CENT CENTRAL CERTAINLY CERTAINTY CERTIFICATE CHAIRMAN CHANCE CHAP

168 163 175 164 162 162 163 162 175 175 175 175 162 175 164 171 165 165 175 173 164 163 170 175 171 162 163 167 175 174 162 175 166 173 168 175 175 175 175 175 175 164 169

CHAPTER CHART CHARTER CHASE CHECK IN CHECK OUT CHEERFUL CHEMICAL CHEMIST CHEMISTRY CHEW CHEWING - GUM CHILDHOOD CHILDISH CHIP CHOKE CHOP CHRISTIANITY CIGAR CIRCULAR CIRCUMSTANCE CIRCUS CITIZEN CLASSIFICATION CLASSIFY CLEAR OUT CLEAR UP CLEARING CLIMATE CLOAKROOM CLOCKWORK CLOUDY CO - OPERATE COACH COCAINE COCK COIL COLLEAGUE COLLECTIVE COLLOQUIAL COLUMN COMBINATION COME DOWN COME ROUND COMMIT SUICIDE COMMUNICATE COMMUNICATION COMMUNISM COMMUNIST COMMUNITY COMPARATIVELY COMPARTMENT COMPLAINT COMPLETION COMPLEX COMPOSER COMPUTER CONCENTRATE CONCERNING CONCLUDE CONCLUSION CONCRETE CONDUCT CONDUCTOR CONFERENCE CONFESSION CONFIDENTIAL CONFUSED CONGRATULATIONS CONGRESS CONQUEROR CONSEQUENCE CONSERVATION CONSERVATIVE CONSIDERABLE CONSIDERABLY CONSIDERATION

162 174 175 171 163 163 164 175 162 162 172 172 165 168 175 175 174 175 175 175 174 175 167 175 169 167 163 175 166 175 170 175 173 165 162 175 171 171 171 168 166 167 164 169 162 175 167 175 175 175 172 175 174 175 175 164 175 167 166 166 168 172 166 167 164 175 172 163 175 164 175 170 175 173 162 174 173

Lesson

No CONSTANT

167

CONSTRUCT 168 CONTEMPORARY 173 CONTINENT 168 CONTINENTAL 173 CONTRACT 166 CONTRAST 171 CONTROL (OUT OF .) 170 COOKER 164 CO-OPERATION 175 COP 171 CORD 175 CORPORATION 166 CORRECTION 175 CORRESPOND 173 CORRESPONDENCE 175 COSMETIC 167 COSTLY 174 COSTS 167 COSTUME 173 COUCH 175 COUNT IN 174 COUNT OUT 174 COUNTER 174 COUNTRYSIDE 166 COVERING 175 CRAWL 175 CRAZY 166 CREATE 162 CREDIT 167 CRICKET 171 CRISIS 168 CRITICAL 174 CROCKERY 175 CROSS OUT 172 CROSSING 174 CROSSROADS 175 CROWDED 170 CRUELTY 175 CRUST 175 CULTURAL 175 CULTURE 173 CURIOSITY 174 CURLY 175 CURRENT 166 CUSTOMS 175 CUT DOWN 170 CUT OUT 170 CUT SHORT 162 CYCLE 175 CYCLIST 165 CYLINDER 175 DAD 175 DADDY 175 DAM 167 DAMN 167 DANCER 175 DANCING 175 DANGER (IN , OUT OF ) 165 DANUBE 165 DARLING 175 DASH 162 DASH (PRONUNCIATION MARK) 175 DAWN 164 DAYLIGHT 175 DAYTIME 175 DEAF 165 DEAFEN 175 DEALER 175 DECENT 175 DECIDEDLY 172 DECIMAL 175 DECLARATION 175 DECORATE 165

DEEPLY

163

DULLNESS

175

EXPLORER

175

DELICIOUS DELIGHTED DEMOCRACY DEMOCRATIC DEMONSTRATION DENSE DENSELY DEPART DEPARTURE DEPENDANT (N) DEPENDENCE DEPENDENT DEPRESSED DEPRESSION DEPTH DEPUTY DESCENDANT DESIRABLE DESPERATE DESSERT DESTRUCTION DIAGRAM DIAL DIAMETER DIARY DICTATE DIET DIFFICULTY DIGEST DIGS DIRECTIONS DIRECTORY DISAGREEMENT DISAPPEARANCE DISAPPROVAL DISAPPROVE DISCOMFORT DISCOTHEQUE DISCOUNT DISEMBARK DISHARMONY DISHONEST DISHWATER DISMISSAL DISPLAY DISPLEASE DISSATISFY DISSOLVE DISTINCT DISTINCTION DISTRIBUTE DISTRICT DIVER DIVORCE DOLL DOMESTIC DONKEY DOOR - TO - DOOR DOSE DOUBTFUL / LY DOUBTLESS / LY DRAIN DRAMATIC DRAW IN DRAW OUT DRAW UP DRESS SENSE DRESSMAKING DRILL DRIVE CRAZY DRIVE-IN DROP BACK DROP IN DROP OFF DRUG DRUM

168 175 175 175 173 167 167 163 163 169 169 169 163 174 162 175 175 175 164 167 172 175 169 175 165 175 173 175 170 175 171 173 175 175 175 172 170 175 172 174 162 163 175 175 169 175 175 171 164 164 172 163 173 162 172 162 162 172 175 175 175 165 175 162 162 166 174 175 170 166 175 164 163 167 162 162

DUMB DUSK DUSTER DUSTMAN DUSTY

165 175 175 175 162

EARNINGS EAR-RING EARTHENWARE EARTHQUAKE EASTWARD ECONOMIC ECONOMY EDITOR EDUCATIONAL EFFECTIVE EFFICIENCY ELBOW ELECTRICAL ELECTRICIAN ELECTRONIC ELEMENT ELEMENTARY ELSEWHERE EMBARK EMBASSY EMERGENCY EMOTIONAL EMPLOYMENT ENCOURAGEMENT END ENDING ENGAGE ENGAGEMENT ENGINEERING ENJOYABLE ENJOYMENT ENLARGE ENORMOUS ENSURE ENTERTAINMENT ENTHUSIASM ENTRY ENVIRONMENT EQUALITY EQUATOR EQUIPMENT ERASE ERASER ERECT EROTIC ERROR ESTABLISH ESTIMATE EVEN EVERLASTING EVERYWHERE EVIDENT EXAMINER EXCEPT FOR EXCITE EXCLUDE EXCURSION EXECUTIVE EXHAUST EXHAUSTION EXHIBITION EXISTENCE EXIT EXPAND EXPANSION EXPERIMENTAL EXPERT EXPLANATION EXPLORATION EXPLORE

164 175 175 169 164 175 175 175 175 175 163 171 175 175 175 175 163 164 174 171 173 175 163 175 166 175 167 175 175 162 175 173 162 166 162 171 165 164 175 175 162 172 172 167 175 172 165 165 168 175 162 169 164 164 164 170 173 175 164 164 175 172 165 166 175 175 171 175 175 171

EXPLOSIVE EXPORT EXTENSION EXTENT EXTERIOR EXTERNAL EXTRAORDINARILY

175 175 175 164 165 172 175

FALL FOR FALL IN LOVE FAME FAR EAST FARE FARMHOUSE FASCINATE FASHION FASHIONABLE FATAL FAULTY FAVOURABLE FEARFUL FEARLESS FEATURE FEE FEEBLE FEEL LIKE FERTILE FETCH FEVERISH FICTION FIGHTER FILE FILL IN FILLING FILTER FINANCE FIREMAN FIREPLACE FIREWORKS FIRST SIGHT FISHERMAN FIST FITNESS FIXTURE FLAP FLEET FLEXIBILITY FLIGHT FLOCK FLU FLUE FOG FOLKSONG FOLLOWER FOOTSTEP FORECAST FORGETFUL FORM FORMULA FORTNIGHT FORTUNATE FORTUNATELY FORTUNE FOUNDATION FOUNTAIN FRAMEWORK FRANK FREEZER FRENCH REVOLUTION FRENCHMAN FREQUENCY FRESHEN FRICTION FRIDGE FRIENDLY

175 175 175 175 173 175 175

175 175 165 175 163 175 167 169 175 168 175 174 175 175 167 163 169 175 169 169 170 171 175 172 163 175 171 171 175 173 175 167 175 174 175 172 172 175 162 162 175 165 165 168 175 175 162 173 173 163,175 175 163 J 73 173 173 164 164 175 165 175

Lesson No FRIGHTFUL

173

GRANDPARENT

175

HOLDER

175

INITIALLY

FRIGHTFULLY FRONTIER FROST FROSTBITE FROWN FRUITFUL FRY FULFIL(L) FULL - TIME FULLY FUNCTION FUNDS FUSE

173 165 162 162 165 174 164 172 167 170 170 166 175

GRANDSON GRANT GRAPH GRASP GRASSY GREASE GREATLY GREATNESS GREEDY GREENGROCER GRILL GRIP GROCER GROWL GROWTH GUARANTEE GUILT GUITAR GULF GUM GUNMAN GUY

175 166 175 169 175 169 162 175 175 167 171 164 163 170 175 175 175 175 175 172 164 174

HOLIDAY HOLIDAYMAKER HOMELESS HOME-MADE HONESTY HONEY HONOURABLE HOPEFUL HOPELESS HORIZONTAL HOROSCOPE HORSEBACK HORSEMAN HOSTAGE HOTHOUSE HOUSEHOLD HOUSEKEEPER HOUSEKEEPING HUMOROUS HUMOUR HUNTER

175 163 175 175 175 165 175 174 174 169 175 175 175 175 175 172 175 175 168 168 166

HAIRBRUSH HAIRCUT HAIRDRIER HALF HALT HAND IN HAND OUT (V) HANDOVER HANDFUL HANDOUT (N) HANDSHAKE HANDSOME HANDWRITING HANDY HANG ABOUT HANG ON TO HANGUP HARDEN HARDNESS HARDWARE HARMONY HASTY HATEFUL HAVE BACK HAVE IN HAVE ON HEAD (V) HEADING HEADLINES HEADLONG HEADQUARTERS HEART - ATTACK HEATER HEEL HELPING HELPLESS HEN HEROIN HESITATION HEY! HI ! HI-FI HIGHLAND HIGHROAD HIGHWAY HIJACK HINDRANCE HINDU HOLD BACK HOLD ON HOLD ON TO HOLD OUT HOLDUP

175 175 175 168 162 164 162 168 167 162 174 163 175 164 164 168 171 175 175 175 162 175 175 170 171 165 170 175 175 168 169 164 175 173 175 170 175 162 175 175 175 175 175 172 172 175 175 175 173 173 168 175 175

INNER INSIST INSPECT INSPECTION INSPECTOR INSTA1XL) INSTANT INSTITUTE INSTITUTION INSTRUCT INSTRUCTOR INSTRUMENTAL INSUFFICIENT INSURANCE INSURE INTAKE INTENSE INTENTIONAL INTERIOR INTERPRET INTERVAL INTERVIEW INTONATION INTRODUCTION INVADE INVALID (ADJ) INVALID (N) INVENTION INVENTOR INVESTIGATE INVESTIGATION INVESTMENT INVITATION INVOICE INVOLVE IRISH IRISHMAN ISLAM ISSUE ITEM

171 169 169 170 175 171 172 175 175 170 170 175 166 165 165 172 172 175 165 165 167 172 175 175 165 173 173 167 167 174 175 173 171 175 169 166 175 175 174 166

JAIL JAM JAR JEWELLERY JEWISH JOCKEY JOG JOIN IN JOLLY JOURNALIST JOURNEY JOYFUL JUDGEMENT JUG JUMPER JUNCTION JURY

166 171 163 162 175 175 165 170 175 167 165 175 175 168 171 169 169

KEEN KEEP BACK KEEP OFF KEEP UP KEEP UP WITH KEEPER KETTLE KID KIND-HEARTED KIOSK KIT KITE KNICKERS KNIT KNOCK DOWN KNOCK OUT

167 169 164 175 175 175 165 168 175 175 169 175 175 173 165 165

GANG 163 GANGSTER 163 GANGWAY 167 GAOL 166 GARDENING 175 GASP 168 GATE-POST 175 GATEWAY 175 GEAR 169 GENTLENESS 175 GENTS 175 GENUINE 163 GEOMETRICAL 175 GEOMETRY 165 GET ACROSS 168 GET AT 163 GET AWAY 164 GET BACK 166 GET BY 170 GET DOWN 164 GET OFF 169 GET ON 167^169 GET ROUND 175 GET SET 171 GET THE SACK 163 GET THROUGH 173 GET TOGETHER 173 GET UP 164 GET UP TO 174 GIFT 165 GIVE IN 170 GIVE OUT 171 GIVE UP 170 GIVE UP = SURRENDER 170 GLANCE 163 GLIMPSE 164 GLOVE 162 GLOW 165 GLUE 166 GO AFTER 164 GOBY 171 GOOFF 164,173,175 GOON 173,175 GO OUT 165 GO OVER 175 GO UNDER 173 GO WITH 174 GOLF 175 GOOD FRIDAY 175 GOODNESS 175 GOOSE/GEESE 175 GOSSIP 165 GRADE 168 GRADUAL 173 GRAIN 162 GRAMMATICAL 175 GRAMOPHONE RECORD 162 GRAND 165 GRANDCHILD 175 GRANDDAUGHTE 175

I WONDER IF I MIGHT ICY IDENTIFY IDENTITY IDLENESS IF ONLY IMAGE IMAGINATION IMITATION IMMIGRANT IMMORAL IMPATIENT 174, IMPORT IMPRESS IMPRESSIVE IMPROPER IMPROVEMENT IN A WAY IN ALL IN BED IN CHARGE IN DANGER IN DIFFICULTY IN HALF IN INK IN LOVE IN ORDER IN PENCIL IN PIECES IN PLACE IN PRISON IN PRIVATE IN PUBLIC IN REACH IN SIGHT IN THE END IN TOWN IN TURN IN TWO INATRUCTIONS INCIDENT INCLUDING INCOME INCREDIBLE INDEPENDENCE (N) INDEPENDENT (ADJ) INDEX INDIAN INDUSTRY INFECT INFECTIOUS INFLUENTIAL INHABITANT INITIAL

174 175 162 162 175 163 163 162 175 175 175 175 175 165 165 175 175 172 167 165 170 165 169 168 164 167 167 164 166 169 171 169 169 168 174 166 170 171 168 171 174 175 164 167 169 169 175 175 175 168 175 168 162 166

167

Lesson No. LABEL

169

MAINLAND

LABORIOUS LABOUR LAD LAMB LAME LAMP-POST LAND LANDING LANE LAP LAST LAUGHTER LAUNDERETTE LAUNDRY LAVATORY LAWFUL LAY OUT LAYER LEADER LEAFLET LEAFY LEAK LEAN (MEAT) LEARNING LEAVE IN LEAVE ON LEBANON LECTURE LEFT - HANDED LEISURE LENS LESSEN LET DOWN LET IN LET OFF LET OUT LET THROUGH LIBRARIAN LIBRARY LICK LIFE - STYLE LIFT LIFT (N) LIGHTEN LIMP LINEN LINK LISTENER LITERATURE LIVE ON LIVE THROUGH LIVELY LIVING-ROOM LOBBY LODGE LODGER LONG AS LONGING LOOK ON LOOK OUT LOOK OVER LORRY LOSS LOTTERY LOUDSPEAKER LOUNGE LOVE LOVELY

162 162 175 171 173 175 163 164 165 167 175 175 166 166 167 164 170 168 175 162 175 165 175 175 173 171 175 165 175 168 175 175 174 174 175 174 174 175 171 169 173 173 165 175 171 175 172 175 171 174 175 174 175 175 175 175 175 174 174 165 167 166 168 166 175 164 175 162

MACHINE MACHINERY MAGAZINE MAGNET MAGNETIC MAGNIFICENT MAID

175 175 165 175 175 165 165

MAINTENANCE MAJOR MAJORITY MAKE MAKE FOR MAKE OUT MAKEUP MAKER MANAGEMENT MANHOOD MANLY MARGIN MARRIAGE MARVELLOUS MARXIST MATHS MATURE MAXIMUM MAYBE MEADOW MEANS (N) MEASLES MEDIA MEDICAL MEDIUM MENTAL MENU MERCIFUL MERCILESS MERELY MERIDIAN MESS MICROPHONE MICROSCOPE MIDDLE AGES MIDDLE EAST MIDDLE-AGED MILEAGE MILKMAN MILKY MINERAL MINIBUS MINIMUM MINOR MINORITY MISBEHAVE MISLEAD MISSING MISSION MIST MISUNDERSTOOD MIXER MODERATELY MODESTY MOIST MOISTEN MONSTER MOOD MOONLIGHT MORALITY MOSQUE MOSQUITO MOST MOTEL MOTHERHOOD MOTIONLESS MOTOR - BIKE MOTORIST MOTORWAY MOUNT MOUSTACHE MOUTHFUL MOVE HOUSE MO VETO MULTIPLICATION MUM

167 175 162 166 174 165 175 171 175 166 175 175 163 163 162 175 175 164 167 172 175 166 175 168 164 165,168 171 175 175 175 165 175 163 171 175 175 175 175 175 175 175 175 175 167 171 166 172 169 166 175 168 175 175 175 175 170 170 166 164 175 175 175 168 172 175 175 172 164 175 165 166 162 175 172 172 175 175

MUMMY

175

OUT OF REACH

MUMPS MUSCLE MUSEUM MUSICIAN MUSLIM MYSTERIOUS

175 168 162 175 175 174

OUT OF SIGHT 174 OUT OF THE QUESTION 165 OUT OF TOWN 170 OUT OF WORK 175 OUTBREAK 170 OUTCOME 172 OUTCRY 172 OUTER 171 OUTLAW 175 OUTLET 172 OUTLINE 164 OUTLOOK 173 OUTPUT 165 OUTSKIRTS 171 OUTSTANDING 173 OVEN 171 OVER - CROWDED 170 OVERALL 175 OVERBOARD 173 OVERCOAT 175 OVERFLOW 164 OVERHANG 173 OVERLOOK 174 OVERSEAS 174 OVERTAKE 174 OVERTIME 174 OWING TO 165 OWNERSHIP 175 OX 175 OXYGEN 163

NAKED 162 NAME 164 NAPKIN 169 NASTY 162 NATIONAL 175 NATURAL 165 NATURALLY 165 NECESSITY 175 NECKLACE 175 NEEDLESS 163 NEGRO (OR BLACK) 175 NERVOUS 164 NERVOUS EXHAUSTION 164 NETWORK 167 NEUTRAL 166 NEW ZEALAND 175 NEW ZEALANDER 175 NEWSAGENT 165 NIGHTFALL 175 NOD 165 NON - FICTION 171 NORTH - EAST 169 NORTH - WEST 169 NORTH SEA 175 NORTHWARD 164 NOT ONLY BUT ALSO 163 NOTICEABLE 162 NOVEL 165 OAK OBEDIENCE OBEDIENT OBJECTION OBJECTIVE OBLIGE OBSERVER OCCASIONAL OCCUPATION OCCUPY ODD OFFENCE OIL-PRODUCING OMELETTE ON A JOURNEY ON BEHALF OF ON BUSINESS ON HOLIDAY ON PURPOSE ON SALE ON TIME ONION ONLY OPEN OUT OPENING OPERA OPPONENT OPTIMISTIC ORAL ORCHESTRA ORDERLY ORIENTAL ORNAMENTAL OUT OF CONTROL OUT OF DANGER OUT OF ORDER OUT OF PLACE OUT OF PRACTICE

168 175 175 167 168 163 174 175 163 163 166 169 175 175 165 175 163 163 172 165 167 169 163 172 175 175 165 173 175 175 169 175 175 170 165 173 164 175

PACIFIC PACK (OF CARDS) PAINFUL PAINS PALACE PALENESS PANTS PARADE PARALLEL PARK PART - TIME PARTIAL PARTICLE PARTNERSHIP PARTY PASS (MOUNTAIN) PASS OUT PASSER - BY PASTIME PAT PEACE PEACEFUL PEDESTRIAN PEG PENSION PEPPER PERFECTION PERFORMER PERFUME PERMISSIBLE PERSONALLY PERSUASION PESSIMISM PESSIMISTIC PHASE PHILOSOPHER PHILOSOPHY PHONE PHOTOGRAPHER PHOTOGRAPHIC PHOTOGRAPHY PHYSICS PICK UP PICK-UP

168

175 175 175 175 162 175 175 162 172 165 167 175 162 174 166 170 172 171 175 171 162 175 169 167 164 170 175 175 168 169 168 175 174 173 163 163 170 168 175 175 175 175 175 175

Lesson No PIE PIECES PILLAR PILLOW PILOT PLACE PLASTER PLASTIC PLATFORM PLAY AT HOME PLAY AWAY PLAY BACK PLAYGROUND PLENTIFUL PLOT PLUG PLUNGE POEM POETIC POINT POISONOUS POLESTAR POLICEMAN POLICY POLITICIAN POLLUTION POND POP POPULARITY POPULATE PORTUGAL POSSESSION POSSIBILITY POST POSTAL POSTCARD PRACTICE PREFERABLE PREGNANT PREPARATION PRESCRIPTION PRESENCE PRESENT PRESERVATION PRESERVE PRETTY PREVENTION PREVIOUS PRICK PRIMARY PRINCE PRINCESS PRINCIPLE PRINTER PRIVATE PROCEDURE PROCEED PROCESS PRODUCER PROFESSOR PROFICIENCY PROFIT PROJECT PROMOTION PROPORTION PROPOSAL PROTEST PROTESTANT PROUD PROVE PROVINCE PROVISION PUB PUBLIC PUBLICATION PUBLISH PUDDING

175 166 166 163 166 164 175 175 162 168 168 170 175 175 170 169 170 175 164 168 175 175 166,171 162 169 175 173 169 175 167 175 175 175 165 171 175 > 175 175 175 175 175 175 172 175 164 168 175 165 175 164 167 167 165 175 169 165 172 165 175 164 175 168 166 167 172 175 173 175 175 175 175 175 175 169 175 168 175

PULL IN PUNISHMENT PURCHASE PURSE PURSUE PUT AWAY PUT DOWN PUT OFF PUT ON PUT OUT PUT THROUGH PUT UP PUT UP WITH PYIAMAS QUEER QUESTION QUIETNESS

165 175 167 164 168 173 172 166,171 166 165,166 173 174 173 164 175 165 175

RACKET 163 RADAR 175 RAG 167 RAILROAD 175 RAINFALL 175 RAINY 175 RAISIN 175 RANGE 163 RAPID 170 RATE 166 RATTLE 168 RAW 166 REACH 168 REACT 163 REACTION 166 REALISATION 175 REALITY 170 REAR 166 REASONABLE 170 RECEPTION 163 RECIPE 163 RECOGNITION 175 RECOMMENDATION 175 RECORD 162 RECORD - PLAYER 170 RECOVER 168 RECREATION 175 REDUCTION 175 REFEREE 171 REFLECTION 175 REFRIGERATOR 175 REFUSAL 175 REGARDLESS 170 REGION 163 REGISTER 170 REGULARITY 175 REGULATION 172 RELATION 171 RELEASE 172 RELIABLE 175 REMOVAL 175 RESEARCH 166 RESERVE 173 RESIDENT 164 RESIGNATION 175 RESOURCE 167 RESPECTFUL 175 RESPOND 164 RESPONSE 171 RESPONSIBILITY 175 REST 170 RESTLESS 172 RESTORE 173 RETIRE 175 RETIREMENT 175 REVERSE 167 REVISE 168 RHINE 165

RIDER

175

RIDICULOUS RIFLE RIGHT - HANDED RING BACK RING OFF RIOT RIPEN RISKY RIVAL ROBBER ROBBERY ROLE ROUND ROUNDABOUT ROUTE ROUTINE ROW RUB OUT RUN OUT RUNNER RUST RUSTY

174 173 175 168 165 173 175 175 174 168 164 174 165 175 171 173 171 172 175 164 175 175

SACK SALAD SALE SALES SALESMAN SANDBANK SANDY SATISFACTION SATISFACTORY SAUSAGE SAVINGS SAYING SCARCITY SCARE SCARF SCENE SCHEME SCHOLARSHIP SCHOOLMASTER SCHOOLMISTRESS SCIENTIFIC SCOOTER SCORE SCORNFUL SCOTS SCOTSMAN SCOTTISH SCOUT SCREAM SEAMAN SEAPORT SECONDARY SECRETARY SECTION SECURE SECURITY SEE THROUGH SELECT SELECTION SELF - GOVERNING SELF - INTEREST SELF - RESPECT SELF - SERVICE SENATE SEND FOR SEND OUT SENSELESS SENTENCE (V) SEPARATION SERIES SERVICE SET SET OFF

163 175 165 164 175 175 175 175 175 163 175 171 175 166 175 174 163 175 175 175 167 175 168 175 175 175 175 175 170 174 175 164 175 171 164 164 166 166 166 173 173 173 173 175 171 172 173 162 175 165 174 162 168

SET OUT SETTING SETTLEMENT SETTLER SEX SEXUAL SEXY SHADOWY SHADY SHALLOWNESS SHAPELESS SHED SHIP (V) SHIPBUILDING SHOELACE SHOPLIFTING SHORTS SHOW IN SHOW OFF SHOW UP SHRANK SHRINK SHRUNK SHY SIDEBOARD SIGH SIGHT 164. SIGHTSEEING SILLY SIMPLE SIMPLICITY SIN SINCERITY SINGER SITTING - ROOM SKETCH SKILFUL SLACKS SLANG SLEEPY SLEEVE SLICE SLIM SLIPPERY SLUMP SMASH SMOG SNEEZE SNOWY SOCIAL SOCIALISM SOFTEN SOFTNESS SOLDIER ON SOLVE SOMEHOW SOMEWHAT SORROWFUL SOUL SOURCE SOUTH - EAST SOUTH - WEST SOUTHWARD SOUVENIR SOVIET UNION SPANIARD SPECIALIST SPITE SPLASH SPONGE SPORTSMAN SPRINGTIME SPY SQUAT SQUATTER STADIUM STAFF

168 166 175 175 175 175 175 175 175 175 175 166 164 175 175 171 169 173 169 175 167 167 167 162 175 174 ,167,17 175 162 175 175 170 175 175 174 175 175 175 171 175 163 175 173 164,175 170 168 168 167 175 166 175 175 175 174 163 166 172 175 168 166 169 169 164 175 175 175 170 175 168 175 175 175 175 175 175 169 174

Lesson No STAIRCASE

175

TASK

STALE STALL STAMP STAND STAND A CHANCE STAND BACK STANDARDISE STARE START STARVE STATIONARY STATIONERY STAY BEHIND STEAMER STEERING - WHEEL STEREO STEWARDESS STICK OUT STICKY STIFFEN STILLNESS STITCH STONY STOOP STOP BEHIND STOP IN STORAGE STOREY STORY-TELLING STRAIGHTAWAY STRAIGHTFORWARD STRAIN STRETCH STRUCTURE STUPIDITY STYLE SUBTRACT SUBURB SUBWAY SUICIDE SUM SUNRISE SUNSET SUPER SUPERMARKET SUPERSONIC SURE SURGERY SURPRISE SURRENDER SURROUNDINGS SURVEY SURVIVE SUSPICIOUS SWEATER SWEETEN SWEETNESS SWIFT SWITCH OFF SWITCH ON SYMBOL SYMPATHISE SYSTEM

163 168 175 170 164 172 175 175 166 173 175 175 174 175 170 175 175 174 175 164 175 173 162 171 174 174 174 170 175 175 170 168 173 169 175 175 171 166 175 162 171 175 175 175 175 175 171 175 166 170 172 166 172 175 164 175 175 172 166 166 174 169 168

TABLET TAKE AWAY TAKE BACK TAKE IN TAKE OVER TAKE PLACE TAKE SERIOUSLY TAKE UP TAN TANK TAPE TAPE - RECORDER

174 171 172 175 172 175 174 175 167 164 162 170

TAXPAYER TECHNICAL TECHNIQUE TECHNOLOGY TEENAGER TELEGRAM TELESCOPE TELEVISION SET TELL TENANT TENDENCY TENSE TENSION TERMINAL TERMINUS TERMS TERRIFIC TERRITORY TERROR TERRORIST TEXT THANKFUL THANKS THANKSGIVING THEFT THICKEN THICKNESS THIRTIES THORN THROUGH THUMB (V) TIGHTEN TIGHTS TILE TILL TIME TIMES TIMETABLE TINY TOBACCO TOGETHER TOILET TONE TOTALLY TOWN HALL TOWN-PLANNING TRACTOR TRADER TRADITION TRADITIONAL TRAFFIC JAM TRAIL TRAM TRANSFER TRANSISTOR TRANSPARENT TRAVELLER TREASURER TREATMENT TRIANGLE TRIP TROUBLESOME TRUCK TRUMPET TUNNEL TURN BACK TURN OFF TURN ON TURNOUT TURN OVER TURNUP TURNING TURNOVER TWENTIES TWIST TYPIST

163 175 175 164 168 175 175 175 162 163 174 163 164 175 175 175 172 168 165 167 167 167 175 175 175 165 175 175 163 175 166,175 165 167 175 175 174 164,171 174 166 166 175 173 167 170 165 170 175 164 168 173 173 171 170 175 174 175 168 175 175 175 163 168 170 166 175 170 173 166 166 166 166 174 171 171 163 171 167

UMPIRE UNARMED UNBUTTON UNCERTAIN UNCERTAINTY UNCOMMON UNDER CONTROL UNDERLINE UNDERSTANDING UNDERTAKE UNDO UNEASY UNEVEN UNFORTUNATELY UNFULFIL(L) UNHAPPY UNION UNIQUE UNISEX UNIT UNITED UNITY UNJUST UNKIND UNKNOWN UNLAWFUL UNLOAD UNLOCK UNLUCKY UNNECESSARILY UNNECESSARY UNPAID UNPROCESSED UNREASONABLE UNREASONABLENESS UNRELIABLE UNSATISFACTORY UNTIDY UNTIE UNWILLING UPHILL UPHOLD UPKEEP UPLAND UPPERMOST USEFULNESS

171 164 175 175 175 175 170 175 175 167 162 163 168 173 172 175 175 168 175 164 175 175 175 175 172 164 175 175 175 164 175 175 166 170 170 175 175 175 175 175 162 170 171 175 171 175

VACANT VACATION VALID VALUABLE VALUELESS VALVE VAN VANISH VARIATION VARY VASE VAST VEHICLE VERANDA VERTICAL VEST VICE VIOLENCE VIOLIN VIRTUALLY VIRUS VISION VISITOR VITAL VITAMIN VOLCANO VOLLEYBALL VOLTAGE VOLUME

167 166 169 162 175 175 166 172 175 164 166 166 166 175 166 174 170 175 175 172 171 170 164 172 175 175 175 175 164

VOTER

175

WAG WAGGON WAGON WAKEN WALLET WAR WASH UP WASHING MACHINE WASTEFUL WATCHDOG WATCHMAN WATERFALL WATERY WAY WEAKEN WEAKNESS WEALTH WEDGE WEEKDAY WEEP WELL - KNOWN WESTWARD WHICHEVER WHILE (N) WIDELY WIND(V) WIPE UP WITHDRAW WITHIN WITHIN REACH WITHIN REASON WITHOUT WOLF WOMANHOOD WONDER (V) WORK WORKOUT WORK UP WORLD - WIDE WORTHLESS WORTHWHILE WOUND (V) WRECK WRITE DOWN WRITE OUT

175 172 172 175 166 165 171 175 167 175 175 175 175 172 175 175 175 169 175 164 172 164 175 165 175 167 171 170 173 168 163 173 170 175 174 175 169 171 166 175 171 167 173 172 174

YAWN

167

ZIP ZODIAC ZOO

174 175 175