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Poziom podstawowy
Virginia Evans - Jenny Dooley
Express Publishing
NTS Wstęp
Published by Express Publishing Liberty House, Greenham Business Park, Newbury. Berkshlre RG19 6HW, United Kingdom Tel.: (0044) 1635 817 363 Fax: (0044) 1635 817 463 email:
[email protected] www.expresspublishing.co.uk ©Virginia Evans - Jenny Dooley 2014 Design and illustration ©Express Publishing, 2014
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Opis egzaminu
.„ ......................... „ ................................. „ ........ „ .... „ ............... „ .... „....
p.
People ......... „
.......... „ ...... „ ...... „ ............................................................. „ ............. „ ..
p.
4
p.
16
p.
26
Houses & Homes lreland: The En1erald Js/e ...................................... „
........... „ ...................... „ ............... .
School ......................................................................... „
.. „ .......•.....•..........................
p. 28
Colour illustrations: Victor, Angela, Simon Andrews, Kyr © Express Publishing, 2014 Work ................................................................................................... „
................... .
p. 40
Music Arrangements by Taz © Express Publishing, 2014 Family & Social Life
p.
Polish edition by EGIS 2014
....................................................................... . p. 62
Made in EU
New Zealand: Paradise of the Pacific
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form, or by any means, electronic, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publishers.
Food .......................................................................................................................... p.
This book is not meant to be changed in any way. ISBN 978-1-4715-1950-5
~
Shops & Services
p. 74
Culture ................................................ „
p.
86
....... „ . „ . „ „ ... „ „ .......... „ .. „........................
p.
96
...............•
................... „ ........................ „ .................... .
Sports ................................... „ ............. „ ..... .
USA: Land of Opportu nity .............. „ „ „ . „ . „ „ „ ............... „.„.„ .... „ Science & Technology ... „
...................................
..... „ „ . „ „ .. „ ....... „.
p. 134
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p. 144
........................................... „.„....
p. 156
........... „ „ .... „ . „ „ ......... „ . „ „ .... „ ......... „ „ .. „ „ .. „ ...... „.„.
p. 166
....... „ .... „ ............ „ .... „ ................... „ ............ „ .... „ ..... „ .................. „ ................... „ „ . „ ..
p. 169
........... „ .......... „ ......................... „ ..... „ ............ „ ....................... „ ........ „ ..... „ ............. „.
p. 181
.. „ ........................................... „ ...... „ ................................................ „ ...................... „
p. 185
State & Society ................................................... „ Scotland: Land of the Gaels .. „
While every effort has been made to trace all the copyright holders, if any have been lnadvertently overlooked the publishers will be pleased to make the necessary arrangements at the first opportunity.
p. 120
„. p. 132
„ ................... „ ............. „.................
The Natura I World ...................................... „ . „ ................................... „
Authors' Acknowledgements
p. 98 p. 110
Health ........................................................... „
We would like to thank all the staff at Express Publishing who have contributed their skills to producing this book. Thanks are due in particular to: Megan Lawton (Editor in Chief), Stephanie Smith and Michael Sadler (senior editors); Andrew Wright (editorial assistant), Brian O'Neil (senior production controller) and the Express Publishing design team; Warehouse (recording producer) and Emily Newton, Kevin Harris, Daniel Parker, Erica Thompson and Timothy Forster for their support and patience. We would also like to thank those institutions and teachers who piloted the manuscript, and whose comments and feedback were invaluable in the production of the book.
64
„.............
Travelling & Tourism ................................................................ „ Jamaica: The Jewel of the English Crown .. „
Acknowledgements
50
p.215 ...................... „ ..... „ ................... „ ................•.... „ „ .....................
p. 277
. ......................... „ ........................................................ „ „ ........................... „ .......... „ ..
p. 284
PODSTAWOWE INFORMACJE O EGZAMINIE MATURALNYM OD 2015 R.
WSTĘP
CZĘŚĆ USTNA (bez określania poziomu)- około 15 minut Niniejsza publikacja to nowa edycja bestsellera Express Publishing Matura Repetytorium. Poziom podstawowy. Przeznaczona jest dla maturzystów przygotowujących się do egzaminu wieńczącego ich pracę w szkole ponadgimnazjalnej. Materiał w niej zawarty został opracowany zgodnie z Informatorem o egzaminie maturalnym z języka angielskiego od roku szkolnego 2014/2015 i zaprojektowany tak, aby uczniowie w obrębie każdego działu tematycznego mogli w zintegrowany sposób ćwiczyć wszystkie umiejętności wymagane w części ustnej i pisemnej egzaminu. Dzięki starannie opracowanemu materiałowi ćwiczeniowemu uczniowie - samodzielnie lub pod kierunkiem nauczyciela - nabędą i utrwalą wiedzę potrzebną do zdania egzaminu maturalnego zgodnie z formatem obowiązującym
111
Egzamin ustny z języka obcego nowożytnego być zrealizowane w podanej kolejności.
składa się
lll
Nie przewidziano dodatkowego czasu na zapoznanie
Ili!
Za wykonanie wszystkich zadań zdający
Ili!
Zakres
się
może otrzymać
z rozmowy
wstępnej
z treścią całego zestawu
oraz trzech
zadań,
zadań
odpowiedzią.
przed
które
muszą
maksymalnie 30 punktów.
od 2015 1: wiadomości
i
umiejętności
sprawdzanych w tej
części
egzaminu
określają
wymagania ogólne
(I. Znajomość środków językowych, Ili. Tworzenie wypowiedzi, IV. Reagowanie na wypowiedzi, V. Przetwarzanie
Niewątpliwą zaletą Repetytorium jest przejrzysty podział materiału na poszczególne sekcje:
• 15 tematów maturalnych szczegółowo opracowanych w czternastu modułach oraz w pięciu sekcjach Culture; • Matura Exam - testy maturalne zawierające zadania zarówno z części ustnej, jak i pisemnej; • Speaking Bank - sekcja umożliwiająca powtórzenie funkcji językowych. Zawiera przydatne zwroty i wyrażenia wraz z ćwiczeniami aktywizującymi, co ułatwia przygotowanie do części ustnej egzaminu; • Writing Bank - unikalny przewodnik zawierający omówienie form wypowiedzi pisemnych obowiązujących na egzaminie od 2015 roku, przykładowe teksty z naniesionymi wskazówkami oraz listy przydatnych zwrotów. Ułatwia opanowanie umiejętności tworzenia wypowiedzi pisemnych wymaganych na poziomie podstawowym egzaminu maturalnego; • Vocabulary Bank - sekcja, w której znajduje się pogrupowane tematycznie słownictwo z polskimi
wypowiedzi) i wymagania
szczegółowe
Rozmowa wstępna
ok. 2 min
odpowiednikami oraz liczne ćwiczenia leksykalne; • Grammar Section, w której uczniowie znajdą przystępnie omówione zasady gramatyczne z zakresu wymaganego na egzaminie wraz z ćwiczeniami; • Przykładowy zestaw egzaminacyjny obejmujący ustną (nie określa się poziomu) i pisemną część egzaminu na poziomie podstawowym.
Repetytorium
może służyć
jako:
,/ uzupełnienie ogólnego kursu języka angielskiego w szkole ponadgimnazjalnej (Repetytorium jako materiał uzupełniający może być stosowane już od pierwszej klasy szkoły ponadgimnazjalnej); ,/ podręcznik przygotowujący do egzaminu maturalnego w ostatnim roku nauki w szkole ponadgimnazjalnej; ,/ podręcznik, którego adresatami są przyszli maturzyści doskonalący swoje umiejętności na kursach przygotowujących do egzaminu maturalnego; ,/ publikacja wykorzystywana do samodzielnej pracy ucznia w domu. Wszystkim korzystającym z niniejszej publikacji życzymy powodzenia na egzaminie maturalnym z języka angielskiego.
Zadanie 1. Rozmowa z odgrywaniem roli
Zadanie 2. Opis ilustracji i odpowiedzi na trzy pytania
Zadanie 3. Zespół Wydawnictwa Express Publishing i EGIS
podstawy programowej
kształcenia
ogólnego (1.1-1.15; 4.1-4.12; 6.1-
6.13; 8.1-8.3; 12).
Wypowiedź
na podstawie materiału stymulującego
i odpowiedzi na dwa pytania
Cel rozmowy - umożliwienie zdającemu oswojenia się z sytuacją egzaminacyjną. zadaje zdającemu kilka pytań związanych z jego życiem i zainteresowaniami (lista pytań do wyboru znajduje się wyłącznie w zestawie dla egzaminującego).
Egzaminujący
maks. 4 min (wliczając czas na zapoznanie się z treścią zadania)
Zdający ma ok. 30 sekund na zapoznanie się z poleceniem. Zadanie polega na przeprowadzeniu rozmowy, w której zdający i egzaminujący odgrywają wskazane w poleceniu role. Role przyjmowane przez zdającego odpowiadają doświadczeniom życiowym osoby nastoletniej lub stawiają go w sytuacjach, w jakich mógłby się znaleźć w przyszłości. W trakcie rozmowy zdający musi odnieść się do czterech elementów wskazanych w poleceniu i rozwinąć swoją wypowiedź w zadowalającym stopniu.
maks. 3 min
Zdający opisuje ilustrację zamieszczoną w wylosowanym zestawie. W opisie ilustracji zdający powinien określić miejsce, osoby oraz wykonywane przez nie czynności. Następnie zdający odpowiada na trzy pytania postawione przez egzaminującego (pytania związane są z tematykącilustracji i znajdują się wyłącznie w zestawie dla egzaminującego).
Zdający ma ok. 1 minuty na zapoznanie się z poleceniem i materiałem maks. 5 min stymulującym. (wliczając czas Zdający wybiera element z materiału stymulującego, który - jego zdaniem na zapoznanie najlepiej spełnia warunki wskazane w poleceniu, uzasadnia swoją decyzję się z treścią i wyjaśnia, dlaczego odrzuca pozostałe elementy. Następnie zdający odpowiada zadania) na dwa pytania związane z tematyką materiału stymulującego (pytania te znajdują się wyłącznie w zestawie dla egzaminującego).
li
CZĘŚĆ PISEMNA ROZUMIENIEZE SŁUCHU Rodzaje i tematyka tekstów; wymagania
ROZUMIENIE TEKSTÓW PISANYCH
Określone
Określone
Teksty autentyczne lub adaptowane; czytane przez rodzimych użytkowników języka angielskiego
Teksty autentyczne lub adaptowane.
w podstawie programowej IV.1.P: 1.1-1.15; 2.1-2.6
w podstawie programowej IV.1.P: 1.1-1.15; 3.1-3.7
szczegółowe
Źródła tekstów Łączna długość
Ok. 900-1200
tekstów Czas trwania nagrania
słów
Ok. 20 min (całe nagranie z dwukrotnie odczytanymi tekstami, poleceniami i przerwami na wykonanie zadań)
Zadania zamknięte: wybór wielokrotny, dobieranie, prawda/fałsz T zadań 3-4 3-4 Liczba zadań Za każdą poprawną odpowiedź zdający otrzymuje 1 punkt Punktacja Udział w wyniku 303 WYPOWIEDŹ PISEMNA
_ Rodzaje i tematyka tekstów; Określone w podstawie programowej IV.1.P:
zr~~=;~;I~~~~~ wymagania
1.1-1.15; 5.1-5.13; 6.2; 6.3; 6.13; 7.1-7.10; 8.3; 13
Określone
w podstawie programowej IV.1.P: 1.1-1.15; 5.1-5.13; 7.1-7.10; 8.3; 12
szczegółowe
Zakres środków Określony w Informatorze o egzaminie maturalnym z języka angielskiego od roku gramatycznych szkolnego 201412015 (st1: 27-35) Źródła tekstów
Długość
wypowiedzi Liczba zadań
Udział
Tekst użytkowy (np. list w formie tradycyjnej lub elektronicznej [e-mail], wiadomość na blogu lub forum internetowym) z elementami np. opisu, relacjonowania, uzasadniania opinii, w tym przedstawiania zalet i wad różnych rozwiązań i poglądów 80-130 słów
Za każdą poprawną odpowiedż zdający otrzymuje 1 punkt
od Odo 4 pkt; spójność i logika wypowiedzi od O do 2 pkt; zakres środków językowych od O do 2 pkt; poprawność środków językowych od O do 2 pkt 20%
opis egzaminu, punktacja oraz kryteria oceniania znajdują się w Informatorze o egzaminie maturalnym z języka angielskiego od roku szkolnego 201412015, który można pobrać np. ze strony www.egis.com.pl.
Ili
IRozumienie .ze słuchu I
Trening przygotowujący
Zadania na rozumienie ze słuchu mogą sprawdzać zarówno umiejętność znajdowania szczegółowych informacji w usłyszanym tekście, jak i określania ogólnego sensu wypowiedzi (intencji mówiącego, kontekstu, głównej myśli całego tekstu lub poszczególnych jego części itp.). Ta umiejętność może być sprawdzana poprzez trzy różne typy zadań. @
Zadanie na dobieranie
W tego typu zadaniach zdający zazwyczaj dobiera podane zdania do usłyszanych wypowiedzi różnych osób. Może to być np. zadanie, w którym zdający słucha dwukrotnie czterech wypowiedzi na ten sam temat i do każdej wypowiedzi dobiera odpowiadające jej zdanie. Aby rozwiązać to zadanie, należy najpierw przeczytać podane zdania, podkreślić w nich słowa kluczowe i na ich podstawie spróbować określić rodzaj wypowiedzi (np. ogłoszenie, komunikat, reklama). To pomoże w poprawnym rozwiązaniu zadania.
ogłoszeniem? reklamą? relacją?
a b c d
The speaker explains how to get a special deal. We learn about a politician's election promises. You can hear this speaker on a train platform. The speaker describes a terrifying experience.
(See Ex. 2 p. 1O for an example of this task.)
2-3
w wyniku 203 sumarycznym
Szczegółowy
przeczytanie podanych zdań, w nich słów kluczowych i próba odgadnięcia, kim są rozmówcy oraz jaki jest cel i kontekst ich wypowiedzi.
Trening przygotowujący
li·eść
Punktacja
Poniżej prezentujemy najbardziej przydatne strategie egzaminacyjne oraz sposoby na przygotowanie się do rozwiązywania różnego typu zadań w obrębie wszystkich części egzaminu pisemnego.
Przeczytaj cztery zdania ( a-d). Która z wypowiedzi jest najprawdopodobniej: przemówieniem?
Teksty autentyczne lub adaptowane
_Typy zadań/ Zadania zamknięte: wybór wielokrotny, formy wypowiedzi dobieranie
Przewodnik po strategiach egzaminacyjnych z przykładami zadań
@
To
Zadanie wielokrotnego wyboru zadanie
najczęsc1e1
wymaga
od
zdającego
wysłuchania kilku krótkich nagrań i rozwiązania zadań
wielokrotnego wyboru (po jednym do każdego nagrania) poprzez zakreślenie właściwej odpowiedzi z trzech podanych. W nagraniach mogą pojawić się zarówno dialogi, jak i monologi. Zadania mogą sprawdzać um1e1ętnosc ogólnego i szczegółowego rozumienia tekstu. W rozwiązaniu tego zadania
pomocne
będzie
podkreślenie
Przeczytaj zadanie i na podstawie jego treści spróbuj odpowiedzieć na pytania (1-4). Why is the customer returning the DVD player? A lt is faulty. B lt is the wrong model.
C She already has the same model.
Is the recording a monologue or a dialogue? 2 Who is/are the speaker(s)? 3 Where does the recording take place? 4 What is the purpose of the monologue/exchange? (See Ex. 1 p. 12 for an example of this task.)
• Zadanie typu prawda/fałsz Ten typ zadań rzadziej będzie pojawiał się na egzaminie od 2015 roku. Zadaniem zdającego jest zazwyczaj wysłuchanie dialogu i oznaczenie podanych zdań jako prawdziwych lub fałszywych. Z reguły to zadanie sprawdza umiejętność wyszukiwania szczegółowych informacji. Kolejność pytań odpowiada kolejności pojawiania się poszczególnych informacji w nagraniu, zatem podczas słuchania należy koncentrować się na jednym pytaniu na raz, cały czas próbując przewidzieć kluczowe słownictwo, które może pomóc w odpowiedzi na kolejne pytanie.
Trening przygotowujący Przeczytaj zdania (a, b I c) oraz treść nagrania. Ułóż zdania zgodnie z kolejnością (1-3), w jakiej pojawiają się one w nagraniu. Następnie oznacz je jako prawdziwe (T-true) lub fałszywe (F -fa/se). ~Lisa has no interest in doing
third-level education. ~Helen doesn't play sports due to
a medical condition.
0:J Lisa plans to get a lift home with a classmate.
IV
A: Hi Lisa. Where are you going? Aren't you going to take the school bus home today? B: Hello Helen. No, l've gat football practice naw. The coach, Miss Rogers, lives in my neighbourhood, so /'li get a ride with her /ater. A: I didn 't know you played football. B: We/I, I don't really. This is my first time at practice. / thought it would be good for my college app/ication if / played a sport. Why don't you come a/ang? A: / wish I could but /'ve gat a doctor's appointment in half an hour. Maybe next week, though. (See Ex. 7 p. 1O for an example of this task.)
IRozumienie tekstów pisanych I Zadania na rozumienie tekstów pisanych mogą sprawdzać zarówno umiejętność znajdowania w tekście określonych informacji, jak też jego ogólnego rozumienia (określanie głównej myśli całego tekstu lub poszczególnych jego części, intencji autora, kontekstu czy też rozpoznawanie związków pomiędzy poszczególnymi częściami tekstu). W tej częsc1 egzaminu pojawiają się głównie zadania na dobieranie i wyboru wielokrotnego. Teksty mogą być bardzo różnorodne pod względem rodzaju (np. listy, broszury, ulotki reklamowe, napisy informacyjne, rozkłady jazdy, ogłoszenia, jadłospisy, instrukcje obsługi, proste artykuły prasowe, teksty narracyjne) i stylu (formalny i nieformalny). Zdający najczęściej będzie rozwiązywał cztery różne rodzaje zadań.
•
Zadanie wielokrotnego wyboru oparte na krótkich tekstach
To zadanie wymaga od zdającego przeczytania kilku krótkich tekstów powiązanych tematycznie i rozwią zanie zadań wielokrotnego wyboru (po jednym do każdego t~kstu) z trzema możliwościami odpowiedzi. Przed przeczytaniem pytań należy szybko przeczytać teksty i zastanowić się, jaki to rodzaj tekstu, kim jest autor lub nadawca i jakie są jego intencje. Takie działania pomogą w rozwiązaniu zadania.
Attention Have you locked your car? Vehicle criminals are active in this shopping area. • Don't leave valuables or bags in view. • Set your alarm. • Park in secure car parks. lf you see anything or anyone that you feel is even in the slightest way suspicious, please call us at
341-13554643. Don't be the next victim!
V
przygotowujący Przeczytaj tekst w ramce i odpowiedz na pytania
Trening (1-3).
The text is a(n) ... B notice. A newspaper ad. C leaflet. 2 The purpose of the text is to . A give information. B give a warning. C advertise a product. 3 The writer of the text is most likely a ... A shop manager. B car salesman. C a police officer. (See Ex. 1 & 2 p. 18 for an example of this task.)
•
Zadanie wielokrotnego wyboru oparte na dłuższym tekście
Zdający czyta jeden dłuższy tekst (np. opowiadanie lub artykuł) i rozwiązuje kilka zadań wielokrotnego wyboru z czterema opcjami odpowiedzi. Zadania w większości sprawdzają um1e1ętnosc rozumienia szczegółów; ostatnie zadanie najczęściej sprawdza rozumienie
ogólnego sensu tekstu. Wszystkie możliwości odpowiedzi w pewnym zakresie nawiązują do treści tekstu, ale tylko jedna jest w 100% właściwa. To oznacza, źe choć strategia wyszukiwania w tekście parafraz może być bardzo pomocna, należy także uważać
na dystraktory.
Trening przygotowujący Połącz
wyrażenia
1-5 z wyrażeniami ( a-e)
o podobnym znaczeniu. [ [ [ ] is currently unemployed fil] has his own business IT[] has long shifts IT[] works outdoors [ [ [ ] has a high-paid job a b c d e
spends his days in the open air earns a good salary is out of work at the moment works from dusk till dawn is self-employed
(See Ex. 2 & 3 p. 13 for an example of this task.)
•
Dobieranie brakujących zdań do luk w tekście
W zadaniu należy przeczytać tekst i uzupełnić luki brakującymi zdaniami (podanych zdań jest zwykle więcej niż luk). W celu rozwiązania tego zadania należy przeczytać tekst i podkreślić słowa kluczowe w zdaniach
poprzedzających
luki i następujących po nich. Następnie podane zdania i podkreślić w nich słowa kluczowe, zwracając szczególną uwagę na spójniki, wyrazy/ wyrażenia łączące, zaimki i określniki (this, that itp.). To pomoże w rozpoznaniu właściwych brakujących zda1'l. należy przeczytać
Trening
przygotowujący
Przeczytaj fragment tekstu i na podstawie podkreślonych wyrażeń wybierz zdanie (A lub B). które jest właściwym uzupełnieniem luki. Researchers at the University of California have discovered that teenagers are less capable of dealing with stress than adults. This is due to the fact that the parts of the brain that deal with problem solving are not as developed in teens. [ [ [ ] Whereas adults can ignore small problems, teens are more likely to give them tao much attention. A Also, ~ find it mare difficult to prioritise their problems. B On the other hand, ~ found that teens have a great variety of problems than adults. (See Ex. 2 p. 107 for
an example of this task.)
• Dobieranie nagłówków do akapitów Zadanie polega na przyporządkowaniu właściwych nagłówków do odpowiednich części tekstu. Podanych nagłówków zwykle jest więcej niż akapitów. Tekst dotyczy jednego tematu, ale często składa się z różnych typów wypowiedzi, na przykład porad, instrukcji itp. Przed rozpoczęciem czytania tekstu warto najpierw przeczytać podane nagłówki, podkreślić w nich słowa kluczowe zastanowić się nad pokrewnymi wyrażeniami. Następnie należy przeczytać tekst, próbując odnaleźć w nim słowa lub zwroty podobne do tych podkreślonych w nagłówkach. Trening przygotowujący Dopasuj wyrażenia z listy do nagłówków (A lub B). • finally • period of time 0 winner • difficult • achievement • stage of life • in the end • demanding A A CHALLENGING TIME B SUCCESS AT LAST Teraz zdecyduj, który nagłówek (A lub B) najlepiej pasuje do podanego akapitu. Podkreśl słowa, które pomogły Ci dokonać wyboru.
Edwards' achievernent made it all worth it. lt took many years, but finally he was the winner of the National Championships! Edwards showed that anything is possible if you believe in yourself. (See Ex. 1-4 p. 6 for an example of this task.)
IZnajomość środków językowych I Zadania w tej części egzaminu sprawdzają znajomość struktur leksykalnych i gramatycznych w języku angielskim. Na poziomie podstawowym egzaminu umiejętności te są testowane za pomocą różnego rodzaju zada1'l zamkniętych.
(See p. 11 for examples of all the tasl< types in this section.)
• Uzupełnianie luk w tekście Zadaniem zdającego jest przeczytanie krótkiego tekstu i prawidłowe uzupełnienie każdej z luk poprzez wybranie właściwej odpowiedzi spośród trzech podanych. Aby rozwiązać to zadanie, należy dokładnie przeczytać tekst przed luką oraz tekst następujący po niej i zastanowić się, jakiej części mowy brakuje (rzeczownika, przymiotnika itp.). Przed przeczytaniem trzech wariantów odpowiedzi warto próbować odgadnąć właściwy wyraz/ wyrażenie.· Trening przygotowujący W zadaniach 1-4 wybierz
właściwą odpowiedź
zastanów się. czy zadania sprawdzają znajomość słownictwa czy gramatyki. (A-C).
Następnie
Unfortunately, the accident . „ up to twenty . people injured. A made B caused C left 2 Frank was clearly affected .. „ „ ... the experience. B by C on A of 3 Linda was „ . „ .. „ lunch when the phone rang. A had B having C to have 4 Due to the smoke, the firenoen couldn't see as they entered the building. A something B nothing C anything (See Ex. 1 p. 11 for
an example of this task.)
• Uzupełnianie luk w dwóch zdaniach W tym zadaniu zdający uzupełnia luki w dwóch podanych zdaniach, zakreślając właściwy wyraz/ wyrażenie spośród trzech podanych opcji. Wybrana odpowiedź musi prawidłowo uzupełniać luki w obydwu zdaniach. Podane opcje często pasują do jednej lub drugiej luki, ale tylko jedna odpowiedź prawidłowo uzupełnia obydwie luki.
VI
Trening
przygotowujący
Przeczytaj zdania (1-4) i z trzech wyróżnionych słów wybierz jedno, które NIE tworzy logicznego
i gramatycznie poprawnego tekstu. Peter always tries/does/makes his best when he plays football. 2 Don't forget to put back/away/towards the book after you've finished reading it. 3 Bear/Stay/Keep in mind that the head teacher will return in five minutes. 4 I stopped by your fiat last night but you were out/away /left. (See Ex. 2 p. 11 for an example of this task.)
• Wybór parafrazy Zadanie polega na wyborze jednej odpowiedzi z trzech podanych - tej, która ma takie samo znaczenie jak wyróżniona część podanego zdania. To zadanie zwykle sprawdza znajomość angielskich idiomów lub grup czasownikowych. W przypadku wątpliwości co do prawidłowej odpowiedzi, warto starać się odrzucić przynajmniej jeden z podanych wariantów, a następnie z pozostałych opcji wybrać odpowiedź, która najlepiej
zadaniach należy zwracać szczególną uwagę na tzw. „fałszywych przyjaciół" (słowa. które wyglądają podobnie w języku polskim i angielskim, ale mają inne znaczenie). Warto też zwracać uwagę na różnice w gramatyce. Przykładowo, w języku angielskim w pewnym kontekście właściwe będzie zastosowanie
Teraz dopasuj zdania (1-4) do sytuacji (A-D).
innego czasu niż w języku polskim.
o
Trening
w języku angielskim.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
p_asuje w danym kontekście. przygotowujący Przeczytaj zdania (1-3) i wybierz odpowiedź (A. B lub C), która NIE MA takiego samego znaczenia
Trening
2 -At 1O pm, Frank called it a day. A At 1O pm, Frank stopped working. B At 1O pm, Frank left his job. C At 1O pm, Frank fell asleep. 3 Do you have something on your mind? A Are you iii? B Are you worried about something? C Is something occupying your thoughts? (See Ex. 3 p. 11 for an example of this task.)
• Wybór tłumaczenia W zadaniu należy wybrać jedną z trzech odpowiedzi tę. która stanowi właściwe tłumaczenie fragmentu zdania podanego w języku polskim. W tego typu
VII
English contact communication
Polish kontakt komunikacja szef programista ewentualnie lokal automatyczny sympatyczny ekspresja dres
chef program mer eventually loca I automatic sympathetic expression dress
. . . ... .. ... ... .. . .
··················
(See Ex: 4 p. 11 for an example of this task.)
jak podane zdanie. Tony appears angry. A Tony looks like he's angry. B Tony is rarely angry. C Tony seems to be angry.
przygotowujący
Przeczytaj przykłady słów, które wyglądają podobnie w języku polskim i angielskim. Które z podanych par słów są „prawdziwymi przyjaciółmi" (True Friends TF). a które „fałszywymi" (Fa/se Friends - FF)? W parach „fałszywych przyjaciół" przetłumacz polskie słowa, podając ich właściwe znaczenie
•
Uzupełnianie
A Someone has met an old friend in the street. B A businessperson has received help to write a report. c A member of a family has passed an important exam. Someone has been sent the wrong product from an online shop.
2
3
4
(See Ex. 5 p. 11 for an example of this task.)
IWypowiedź piseffii1a] W tej części egzaminu zadaniem zdającego jest napisanie jednej wypowiedzi (np. e-maila, listu lub wiadomości na blogu) opartej na poleceniu z czterema elementami. l
(See Writing Sections, Writing Bani< and sample exam paper for details)
minidialogów
Zdający w tym zadaniu ma wybrać jedną z trzech odpowiedzi tę, która stanowi prawidłowe uzupełnienie brakującej części dialogu. W tego typu zadaniach warto zastanowić się nad kontekstem
rozmowy (np. gdzie się ona odbywa) i nad jej tonem/ stylem (formalny, niefor111alny itp.). To pomoże wybrać właściwe uzupełnienie dialogu.
Trening
przygotowujący
Przeczytaj zdania 1-4. Które z nich są formalne, a które nieformalne? Why don't we have a coffee sometime? 2 I appreciate all your assistance in this matter. 3 I demand this issue be dealt with promptly. 4 Weil done! You did us proud!
VIII
1
/
1)
Ask your partner questions and fill in the form below with information about him/her.
O
Female GENDER
O
5) „„ .. „.r\iP:f10Nii.'Li'fY .... „„ ... „ ... „.
4l
„ .. „.„oA'tE·ai=·siFifH .. „„„„„„.
6)
„„„„„„.'AćitiR'Ess„.„
„„„„.„„„.Erviii.ii.:„ .. „„„„„„.„.„
7)
"fELEPHóNE'ND.rV\6'E'Fi„„„ .. „„
B)
9)
Mar~~~'~ ST~i'(fl~e
10l
11)
a) Match the words (1-15) to the clothes and accessories (A-0).
O
Collornfions
5
c) Filli.in the gaps with
a) Look at the pictures. Fill in:
This man is wearing ~or1al sothes. He's wearing a black, 1) ..~-iP.L.Y.{t............... „ .. suit, a blue, 2) ....~0\M„ ... „T'„„.„ shirt a.nd a red and white 3) .. ~u:.he:o~cd
....... .
tie.
... „„.„„„
This couple are wearing casual sportswear. They are both wearing 4) .. k;\e.1).ij.1~.I. jeans. The mari\ is. wearing a bright-coloured, 5) ... t.J.\?fll.LeN ..... jumper while the woman !
I
Write the words under the correct headings in your notebooks. Then write sentences describing yourself and
1
is wet.~g, a blue one. They've both gat 6} „„„.l:S!:'i\K......... sunDl~sses to protect their eyes and 7) ......... .l.:Lk ... „ gloves on their hands.
Height
m1d-th1rties
short
Build vvell-built
Hair fair
Eyes green
Special Features
General
glosses
ugly
b) Find a picture from a magazine and describe the person's/people's clothes.
IPersona lity I 6
rvtaik 1s . . He's gat
3 ,Q,
. !Jennifer is
listen to a person . reporting a burglary to the police. Which of the peopl
. She's gat
7
a) Put the adjectives in the right column.
..
dish]ri~st
talkałi0e
~hat ~jeans
[TI2J [![KJ
sunglasses skirt
~shirt ~tie
l2:GJ
[!I(]
belt suit
'\@..
I 9 I671
shoes
[gLlJ
scarf coat gloves
~dress ~jacket
IBI f1 I 1141 f'I
~jumper
b) Now choose a classmate and describe him/her to your class. Peter is toi/ one/ tlun. Ht>'s gol dork lwu and brot1n eyes He's tveori119 blue jeons, o white shirt and o red 1ocket
p® U
-r„„.,....
imp~t~nt optim&ti~
„
(,~~ t
,
hard-working ą,-:;\
. gentle A~~~ ru~~ mea n
disorganised
1,
1
, I
··c;•-•""•r•c •,,
organised
patien~
l.:
n arrd'gant '-.l . . pess1m1st1r_, gen rous polhe -\ honest aggressive
qJet
"'
z
1
1
• • • • 0
a) Match the adjectives in A with their opposites in B. A\
I om in my late teens. /'m toi/ ond slim. /'ve gat srraight, clork hair one/ green eves. J've gat glasses and rny friencls say l'm quite elegant.
2 Emma is patient with her friends. . ... J!~:.Y:i~~1.~:r„„„ .. „.„ she can get impatient with her little brother. 3 He is a talkative boy, „ .... he can be quiet at times. 4 Sam is usually ~olite to other people. He was, „„.ll.l':-!·~.~l',')l„. rude to me yesterday 1 5 Sue is both honest. ... !'.:'ł!Y.~~\..„.„ generous.
0
your classmates.
Age
hovvever.
6\..rf. ....
„„„.„CicfaiP'.ii.rioi\i .. „„.„„„.„„
• short • glasses • fair • mid-thirties • well-built • ugly • green • dark • expressive • late/early teens • freckles • fat • of medium height • curly • slim • blue • wrinkles • tall • good-looking • bald • middle-aged • teenager • plump • shoulder-length • completely white • handsome • elegant • skinny • beard • straight • moustache • of medium build
and, but,
neve!th'e/~55, not only „. but also,
denim, cotton, woal/en, tailored,
dark, thick, patterned.
.„.„.„„ .... „ .... „„ ... „„ ....PERS.ONAL.iNTE.REsfs·······"''''''""""'''''''''''''''"/
IAppearance
2
4
2) .... „ .. „„.sD'FiNAME„„„„„„„.„„
„„„„.i=iRs'ffiAME„„„„„„„„.„.
3) Male
~
lclothes I
Personal identification
• •
easygoing • bad-temper.erl· e~t~Jsiasticr:r• carlng ~· ;poilt fn~ndly 0 lovir)g • ener9etic pol}ular • seAf~h • helpful c~lm • indiffełent • c~~ive A~ 1J, i]·t bossy • oufgoing • amb1t1ous respbllsible • c~łful • Ć~~tty imrri'alure • reierved
~~~fl~ . . -ba~1~~~~~r ~.13 :/(
fi{,,
4 (\_~ ~ Ai ..,
-----------------
tl'Ó
)!\
)_')__
b) No~ chpose words from Ex. 6a to fili in the gaps.
(!~,(\is\·\(; .. „„.„r„f .„ .. „ .. „.. „. peop Ie aIways see th e b.ng ht s1'd eo f t h.mgs. 1 2 „... „ ..... „.:\:.. ~9.ll,~.\\\t„„„ .. „.„ people think they are mare important or mare talentkd than others. 3 „.„ ..... ,„\\\\i~17\„„ .. „„ ... people always tell the truth. 4 „ ......... /ii,l..1\,' ,, • . . „ iiJl'l'i'... · •.. 1..„ ........... peop Ie 1·k 1 eto chat a lot. 5 .. „.... „..Ai~dx;.~.'N'.\~\............ people always want to start fights. 6 ... „.„„.„„,iJ.~i~~'„~„ ......... people have very good manners. 7 ... „ ...... "\~;~:~:-.:1\„:„.„ ... ,.. „ people don't mind waiting for things. 8 „.. „ .. „.\l\'.;Jy:::.\:-j~J;-,;!5!:..~\ ... people can't keep things in order. 9 „„ ... „.„„„Yic.;i~. „.„ ........ people don't like to work. 10 ......\·.\-";.>;\h ... people don't like talking about their achievements.
b) In pairs describe members of your family using adjectives from Exs. 6a and 7a and the following words: and, but, however, not only .„
but a/so, nevertheless.
A· fV/y murn is honest and loving but she can be a bit pessimistic ot times B. !Vly e/der brother is not only spoilt but he's also bossy. /-loweve1; he is caring when he sees me sod.
(~ J See Vocabulary Bank on p. 186)
5
Przeczytaj polecenie, aby zapoznać się z zadaniem. Następnie przeczytaj nagłówki i podkreśl w nich słowa kluczowe, a potem przeczytaj tekst pobieżnie, aby poznać jego ogólną myśl. Na koniec przeczytaj uważnie każdy akapit i podkreśl w nim synonimy słów kluczowych. Pamiętaj, że dwa nagłówki nie pasują do żadnego akapitu.
1
E-mail prywatny (Writing Banie /ist/e-mai/
Read the rubric. What is the text about?
prywatny)
r----------------------~ I Przeczytaj tekst składający się z krót:
1 kich anonsów internetowych. Do I
każdej części
.
1
1
Read the rubric and answer the questions.
r-------------'il
a tekstu (1-5) dopasuj nagłówek, podsumowujący Jej I 1 treść (A-G). Dwa nagłówki zostały podane dodat- : 1 : kowo i nie odnoszą się do żadnej części tekstu.
n
UD Przeprowadziłeś/-aś się
do nowego miasta i zawarłeś/ nowe przyjażnie. W e-mailu do kolegi/koleżanki z Anglii (80-130 słów) napisz: jak poznałeś/-aś Twojego nowego przyjaciela/Twoją
L---------------------Underline the key words/phrases in the
-aś
2
headings. In pairs, think of synonymous or related words/phrases. Heading A: oction: energetic, active, on the 90 etc
Dear Jean, Hi from Poland! How's life with you? I wanted to drop you a line to tell you about a friend l've macie in my new town. I met Petra at the school running club. I was alone but she came up to me and introducecl herself. Petra's 16 years old and is very athletic-looking - tall and slim, with a nice tan. Petra's a great person, too. She's very energetic and she has a great sense of humour. She can be a little arrogant sometimes, but I don't usually mind. , lt woulcl be great if you met her. During your.~ visit here in March, we shoulcl all get together and have a coffee. Got to go now. Email me with your news
nową przyjaciółkę.
jak wygląda poznana niedawno osoba, jakie ma cechy charakteru (zalety i wady). dlaczego adresat(ka) listu, gdy przyjedzie do Ciebie w odwiedziny, powinien/ powinna poznać Twojego nowego przyjaciela/Twoją
4
Mark the sentences O (opening remarks), C (closing remarks).
1 2 3 4 5
That's all my news. Write back. How are you doing? l'd better go and do some work! Hi! How are you? Sorry I didn't write earlier but I „.
6 Have to go now. Mum wants me to help her with the cooking. 7 Hi from London. 8 Got to go now.
nową przyjaciółkę. i=a:i=:111a=ts====mm11111
l'm an enerqetic ltalian looking for adventure in England. l'm 18 and 1'11 be spending my gap year in the UK. I love the outdoors, so if you're a cyclist, a mountain climber or a hiker, please get in touch.
~Cathy l'm. a 16-year-old from New York and l'm new in London. l'd love to chat with other Americans to share experiences and tips for good places to eat here. Has anyone found anywhere that serves a good Ar.nerican-style steak?!
I4 lu IMaria
[IfuJ Abbey
~George
l'm a Scottish 17-year-old who has relocated to Londoń for work. I haven't made any friends here yet, so l'd love to chat with some Londoners and maybe do some socialising because I have nobody to go out with.
Read Silvio's website profile and look at the underlined words. Which heading can these words/ phrases be associated with?
l'm a 17-year-old from Barcelona who is looking for work in London. Does anyone know of an office looking for a Spanish-speaking secretary? I would also consider waitress jobs, if anyone can help.
l'm a 19-year-old Dutchman looking for a fiat to share in London. I live quietly and enjoy the small things in life - home-cooked food, a good book and walks in the park. 1'11 be in London from September. Please drop me a line if you have a room.
6
2
_
3
zaczniesz pisać, przygotuj wykaz informacji, które chcesz eć w swojej wypowiedzi. Pomoże Ci to zrealizować zadanie.
5
Read the rubric and think of the person you are going to write about. Brainstorm for ideas. List them under headings. Then write your email. Follow the plan. Appearance: thin, tall, etc Clwracter: easygoing, patient, etc
Read the email and match the paragraphs to the headings. how you met/the person's appearance & personality opening remarks/reason for writing closing remarks suggestion to meet friend
a) Now do the reading tas!<. Underline words/phrases synonymous/similar to the words you underlined in the headings in Ex. 2. Check your answers with your partner. b) Explain the words in bold.
______
1 What are you going to write? 2 Who is going to read it? 3 Which of the following should your email include: a the person's appearance? b the person's family details? c where you first met the person? d where the person lives? e what the person is like? f what languages the person speaks? g what activities you do with the person? h how your pen-friend can meet the person?
Find examples of informal style in the email.
~fjt) Dear ............... , opening remarks, wbereyou are &yourjourney tbere pros and cons qf college tbe person '.'I appearance & cbaracter suggestion of video-cbat, c!osing remarks Hn11:'i", ...................... .
(Para 1) (Para 2) (Para 3) (Para 4)
7
3 1
Label the body parts: head, cheek, leg, nose, arm, knee, teeth,
waist, shoulder, chest, stornach, ear, hand, finger, chin, foot, elbow, neck, forehead, eyebrow, eye, lip.
a) Read the messages posted on an international e-pal agency's website. Fill in: span, attention,
humour, fanatic, personality, vita/ity, confidence. Hi! l'm Artur! l'm looking for an e-pal from England, so I can improve my English. l'm 17 years ald and l'm from Warsaw. Poland. People say l've gat a great sense of 1 l „ ......... „.......... . I always make my friends laugh. To be honest, I love being the centre of
5
QI]
I couldn't believe it when he won the best actor award.
[I[]
I feel terrible for being so
Artur, 17, Warsaw
Hello! l'm Peter from Belgium! l'd like English e-pal. f'm a really sporty and f'm a fitness 3) .. „„ ... „„„„„„„„.„„.„ I admire people who share my energy 4)„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„ .. f'm
(1s> ....
.„ .... „_:_:_:_:_:_:.:___,
really interested in reading books watching films. lt's only sports for mel Peter, 16, Brussels
„ ........_::_.
( 17)
„ .............. .
( 19)
„ ...•...••..•..
o o
)
( 21) ............. „.
IPersona lity I 2
a) Match the adjectives to the people they describe.
ITD
adventurous
[ID [I[] @I]
conservative
~
sporty
hard-working punctual
[ITJ
sociable
ITD
self-confident
~
indecisive
a someone who likes playing sports b someone who can't make up their mind easily c someone who doesn't like changes or new ideas someone who is always on time e someone who works a lot someone who loves taking risks and
b) Write your own message to find an e-pal. Describe yourself
d
having new experiences g someone who is friendly and enjoys making new friends h someone who feels sure about their
--
-Hey! Thi~ -ls Mo~ica from ltaly! Is anyone interested in becoming my e-pal? l've got a strong 5) .„„„„„„„.„„„„ ... , though I can suffer from a lack of 6) .„„„„„„„„„.„„. times. l'm a good listener - I have a fantastic attention 7) .. „„„ „„„„„„„„„ .. „„ which means I can listen to people all day. l'm definitely a reliable friend and most of time l'm good fun, too. Monica, 16, Milan
and your personality.
4
Tell your partner about your best friend. Mention positive and negative personality traits. Justify your opinion.
abilities. A· fV/y fnend Jessica is reolly µolite. She
b) Think of people you know and describe their personality.
never interruµts me when /'m to/king.
Justify your opinion with an example.
Neverthe/ess, she can be a bit
fV/y brother is adventurous He loves extreme sports and isn't scared of
S taking risks.
indecisive as it takes her hours to make up her mind
7
a) How do the people feel? Match the sentences (1-8) to the adjectives (a-h).
2) ···························
c13)
"' Prepositions
'Feelingsl
a angry b guilty
c homesick rude to Linda earlier. d excited l'm sure we're going to win e surprised the game tomorrow. nervous I really miss my family back g determinecl in Australia. h confident I won't give up on passing my driving test. I can't wait for John's birthday party next week. My sister's always borrowing my things - it's so annoying ! I can't relax as l've gat a big exam tomorrow.
b) Have you ever felt like the people in Ex. 5a? When? Tell the class.
Choose the correct preposition. A good teacher has to be in control of/from their
class at all times. I used to be jealous of/about my brother for being so good at sports. 3 The children are really excited with/about going
2
to the zoo. 4 I felt really sorry of/for Jane when she injured her knee. 5 Ned is interested in/at nature and loves wildlife documentaries. 6 James couldn't sleep as he was nervous with/about the test. 7 I am keen on/off meeting Sophie again soon. 8 Ellen is mad about/of romantic comedies. 9 I like comfortable clothes - I don't care of/about designer labels. 1O You shouldn't take advantage of/with her generosity.
8
I \NOS ve1y ne1vous the night before rny n10U1s exorn cmd
a) Read the following posts from a student forum and fill in: relieved, delighted, kind,
I dicln't sleep we/I ot all.
stressfu/, satisfactory, proud, angry, worried.
6
Choose the correct adjectives in each pair of sentences. Present participles describe what sth is like. e.g. o terri(ying film
Past participles describe how sb feels. e.g. o terri(ied womon
a I couldn't sleep last night, I was really horrified/ horrifying by that film. b The night of the car crash was the most horrifying/horrified experience of my life. 2 a I went completely red; I have never been quite so embarrassed/embarrassing in all my life. b I tripped and fell straight in the swimming pool. How embarrassing/embarrassed ! 3 a
Going bungee jumping was the most scared/ scary experience in my life. b Linda feels so scared/scary when she's at home alone late at night. 4 a lt was pretty disappointing/disappointed to fail my exam again. b My parents were not angry with me, but they were disappointed/disappointing by my behaviour.
Hi everyone! I finally sat my maths exam today. The last two weeks of studying were really 1) .„„„„.„„„„„„„. for me. fm just 2) „„„„„„„„„„„„„. that ifs over now. I hope that all my hard work pays off and that my grade will be3) „... „„„„„„„„„„„„„ .. Lynn, London Lynn! You should be 4) „„„„„„„„„„„.„„„„„ of yourself. No matter what gracie you get, yotive done your best. Thafs all anyone can ask for! Anyway, you shouldn't be toó 5) „„„„„„„„„„„„„„„. about the grades. Yotive got the right attitude. Dariusz, Poznan Thanks, Dariusz! lfs so 6) „„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„ .. „„„ of you to say that. To be honest, I' d be 7) „„„„.„„„„„„„ with any pass mark for this exam. Maths isn't my strongest subject, so I don't expect to get As easily. However, I' li get 8) „„„ .. „„„„„„„„„„„„„.„ with myself if I fail after all that studying. Lynn, London b) Post your comment on the forum.
[~)See Vocabulary Bank on p. 186)
9
lillllll---~ 2 \łmm Choose the option A, B or C that
A The speaker advertises a website. B The speaker explains how he/she makes new friends. C The speaker gives an account of the first time he/she met
Zawsze czytaj uważnie polecenie i podkreślaj w treści zadania słowa kluczowe. Na ich podstawie możesz przewidzieć, czego będzie dotyczyć nagranie.
1
a friend. D You can hear this announcement on a radio
a) Read the.rubric and the statements and underline the key words. Answer the questions.
r----------------------~ B I Usłyszysz dwukrotnie rozmowę
prowadzoną przez kobietę i mężczyznę podczas zjazdu szkolnego. Na podstawie usłyszanych : informacji zdecyduj, które zdania są zgodne z treścią I rozmowy (TRUE), a które - nie (FALSE). Wstaw
station. E We learn about friendship in
I
:
u
1
I I
modern times.
I
L----------------------~
Upewnij się, że rozumiesz pytanie. Pomyśl, jakich słów i struktur gramatycznych należy użyć, aby na nie odpowiedzieć. Mów na temat i staraj się, aby Twoja
False
Max says he isn't interested in fashion.
wypowiedź brzmiała naturalnie.
2 Only one of the people wears
m.mJ
3
glasses.
Read the questions. What vocabulary areas/grammar structures do you
. 3 Julia has lost weight since she
need to answer them? 4
Question I - vornbulory describing chmoeler - superlotives
1 2 3 4
5
Wha.t are your best a.nd worst qualities? Who do you admire and why? What makes a good friend? How would you describe your appearance? there anything you would like to change? lf yes, what is it and why?
4 Przeczytaj polecenie i zdania A-E, podkreślając w nich sto~ kluczowe. Zastanów się nad synonimami podkreślonych słów. Ułatwi Ci to rozwiązanie zadania.
Think of vocabulary related to each question and write it down. Compare with your partner.
Question 1 Good character qualities: he/pfu/, patient, easygoing, !
2 ,Q. Read the rubric and the sentences. Underline the key words. How can you rephrase them? Then do the task.
5
r------------------~----~ Usłyszysz dwukrotnie wypowiedzi I czterech osób na temat przyjaźni. Przyporządkuj im zdania, które najlepiej podsumowują ich wypowiedzi, wpisując odpowiednie litery (A-E) w kratki (1-4). . . . Jedno zdanie podane zostało dodatkowo I nie pasuie
a do żadnej wypowiedzi.
Rozwiązując zadania polegające na uzupełnianiu luk w zdaniach słowem lub wyrażeniem, zawsze czytaj uważnie tekst poprzedzający lukę i następujący tuż po niej. Po wybraniu odpowiedzi przeczytaj całe zdanie w celu sprawdzenia, czy jest ono poprawne pod względem leksykalnym i gramatycznym.
1
a) Read the title and look at the picture. What is the text about?
Something carne ...... so Ted wasn't able to meet me today. Peter keeps „. „. to date with the news by reading the newspaper every day. A along B down C up 2 Lisa needs to spend less or she will „ „ „ out of money. Ken u sed to „ . „ . a successful clothing company. A run B cl~r C ~rt
3
b) Read the rubric and do the task.
B B
: znak X w odpowiedniej rubryce w tabeli.
True
completes the gap in both sentences.
: I
I I 1 I
10L---------------=-------d
Who uses:
correct pronunciation? 2 vocabulary related to the topie? 3 appropriate intonation? 4 grammatically correct sentences? •-----'---~
6
Answer questions 1-4 in Ex. 3.
Przeczytaj tekst. Z podanych odpowiedzi wybierz właściwą. tak aby otrzymać logiczny i gramatycznie poprawny tekst. Zakreśl literę A. B albo C.
Chinese Face Reading Wouldn't it be useful to know a person's character simply by 1) „ „ „ at them? For thousands of years, the Chinese have been using 'face reading' to 2) „ „ „ judgements about people's personalities. The Chinese believe that the most important features of yo ur face are your five 'life points'. 3) „ .„. your chin, forehead, nose and your two cheeks. So, when someone reads your face, they focus on these points. Many Chinese people claim that the nose is the most important life point. lt represents a person's attitude towards wealth. So, a person with a straight nose is safer with money than a person with a crooked nose. The forehead is also important as it represents a person's intelligence. A person with a large forehead is said to be a 4) „ „ „ thinker while a person with a small forehand is more likely to be of average intelligence. In the past, 5cientists in the West also investigated the relationship between a person's face and their personality. They called this science physiognomy, but by the 20th century it had largely been forgotten. But who knows? Maybe there is 5) „ „ .• truth in Chinese face reading - we just need to take a closer look!
Choose the option A, B or C that best replaces the word(s) in bold. I realise that you are very busy, but I really need your help. B am awake C am alert A am aware
2 Let's leave now. lt's going to get dark soon. A You should leave now. B We must leave it here now. C I suggest we leave now.
4
\mm!
Choose the option A, B or C that is a transiation of the Polish text in brackets and which correctly completes the gap. By the time he realised his mistake, he (oddał już) his exam paper. B had already submitted A already submitted C was already submitting
2 That's a nice top you're wearing, Jane. (Kupiłaś go ostatnio?) A Did you buy it recently? B Have you already bought it? C How long ago did you buy it?
5 ~ Complete the dialogues by choosing A, B or C.
X: How long have you known Stan? Y: .................................................................... . A Yes, I know him very well. B Actually, we've just met. C We're best friends now. 2 X: What do you think of the top l'm wearing? Y: ... „ ...••••.. „ „ .. „ . „ ... „ . „ „ .....•....•.. „ . „ „ •. „ •••. „ .... A lt really suits you. B lt matches it very well. C You should try it on.
11
b) Naw read the first question and the three options, then read an audioscript of the first recording. Which is the correct answer? Why aren't the other two correct?
Przeczytaj polecenie oraz treść zadania i podkreśl w nich słowa kluczowe, które pomogą Ci przewidzieć, czego będzie dotyczyć nagranie. Pamiętaj, że wszystkie frazy A-C zawarte w zadaniu pojawiają się w nagraniu, ale tylko jedna z nich jest prawdziwa.
1
A: That's a beautiful dress you're wearing, Lisa. Did you buy it recently? B: No, l've had it for ages. I just don't wear it very often. A: Weil, you should; it really suits you. Actually, can you remember where you bought it? I think it would make a lovely gift for my niece's birthday next week. B: Sorry, Rachael, I have no idea where it's from. My sister gave it to me after she gat tired of it. A: Really? To me, it looks brand new.
a) Read the rubric, the statements and the options. Underline the key words in the questions and options. What are the recordings about?
- Wybór wielokrotny
1
2
Przeczytaj polecenie i tekst, koncentrując się na jego ogólnym znaczeniu. Przeczytaj zdania i proponowane odpowiedzi A-D, a następnie podkreśl w nich słowa kluczowe. Znajdź w tekście zdania, które odnoszą się do treści zadania, pamiętając o tym, że to samo znaczenie można wyrazić na wiele sposobów.
r---------------• 'Md Usłyszysz dwukrotnie
I
Opisując zdjęcie, rób to tak, jakbyś opisywał(a) je komuś, kto nie
1 literę A.
i nastrój, a także inne elementy zdjęcia.
może go zobaczyć. Uwzględnij jak najwięcej szczegółów. Opisz
miejsce, porę roku, pogodę. ludzi oraz ich czynności, ubrania
B lub C.
~---------------~ Recording 1 The dress that Lisa is wearing ... A was given to her as a birthday present. B had not been warn before. C used to belong to a family mem ber.
2
Look at the photograph and make notes underthe headings in the Study Skills box.
place: college, university time ofyear: spring or
Recording 2 -The A B C
sp~aker of the recording is a ... teacher. librarian. .student.
Recording 3 Where was the missing person last seen? A outside his home B at the post office C at the police station
12
sum mer weather: sunny, etc
3
Look at question 1 and the underlined words in the text. Which is the correct answer?
,
c) cQD Do the rest of the listening task. Compare your answers with your partner.
: trzy nagrania. Z podanych I odpowiedzi wybierz właściwą. : zgodną z treścią tekstu. Zakreśl
Describe the people in the picture.
3
lf"m::illllll!łi=t
"!*' _ _ _ "B
1 Z podanych możliwości I odpowiedzi wybierz właściwą.
:
zgodną z treścią tekstu.
A. B. C lub D. „ _____________ „n
I Zakreśl literę
4
. I(1.1\ B L1sten an d compare your answers. The photograph shows two 1) .................... outside a 2) ................... .
wearing a long-sleeved striped 4) .„ .............. and she's holding some 5) .................... The other girl has got long straight 6) ................... . hair. She's wearing a white 7) .................... and a pair of white 8) ................... She's holding her 9) ................ and a book. There's a black 10) .................. „. on her shoulder. They both look very happy.
______
: '\ti!.tt!ttttl Przeczytaj tekst.
Look at the photograph and complete the description.
lt's a sunny spring day. I think they are reading a text message or looking at a photograph on one girl's mobile phone. The teenager on the left has got shoulder-length dark 3) .................. hair. She's
Read the rubric and do the rest of the reading task. Justify your answers. Explain the words in bold.
As Laurie turned the corner, he shouted back. "Keep near the shore. lt's not safe in the middle." Jo heard, but Amy was struggling to her feet and didn't hear a word. Jo looked over her shoulder and a voice in her head said ... "Whether she heard or not, she can take care of herself." Laurie skated round the corner, and Jo was just about to follow him. Amy was far behind and going towards the smoother ice in the middle of the river. For a minute Jo stood stili with a strange feeling in her heart. She decided to go on, but something stopped her and turned her round. She was just in time to see Amy throw up her hands and go down, with a sudden crash of ice. There was a splash of water, and a ery that made Jo's heart stand stili with fear. She tried to call Laurie, but she had no voice. She tried to go forward, but she felt she had no strength in her feet. For a second, she stood stili and was staring with a scared face at the little blue hood above the black water. Something went past her quickly, and Laurie's voice cried out ... "Bring a rail. Quick, quick!" She didn't know how she did it, but for the next few minutes she worked with Laurie, who was lying fiat on the ice. He held Amy up with his arm and a hockey stick until Jo got a rail from the fence. Laurie and Jo got the child-out. Amy was frightened but not really hurt. "Now then, we must walk her home as fast as we can. Cover her with aur things, while I take off my skates," said Laurie. He put his coat around Amy as he was pulling hard at his laces. Amy was shivering, dripping wet, and crying, as they took her home. After such an exciting time, she tell asleep, covered in blankets in front of a hot fire.
5
Which of these adjectives best describe Laurie, Jo & Amy: unhappy, he/pfu/, calm, caring, se/fish (only thinking about yourself), tired, afraid. Find evidence in the text. lmagine you are Laurie, and write your diary entry for the day of the incident in the extract. Write: where you
were, who with, what you were doing, what happened, how you fe/t. Read your entry to the class.
After she heard Laurie's advice, Jo decided C Amy didn't need hel . A to repeat it to Amy. B to turn back 0 to take good care ofPAmy. · 2 When Laurie reached the corner, he was
A ~t the front of the group. C at the back...of the rou 9 . p. B tn the middle of the g roup. D watch1ng the group from the riverside. 3 Jo reacted to Amy's fali A slowly. C heartlessly. B quickly. D loudly. 4 Jo and Laurie freed Amy with the help of a A tree branch. c coat. B pair of laces. 5 Amy went home A covered in a blanket. B on foot.
D piece of fence.
C on skates. D carried by the others.
MaturaExam tiJi!31i@wybór wielokrotny
1
I
Dobieranie
2.
Przeczytaj tekst. Spośród podanych odpowiedzi wybierz z treścią tekstu. Zakreśl literę A. B, C lub D.
właściwą. zgodną
(\
a 1.8 D Usłyszysz dwukrotnie wypowiedzi czterech osób na temat wyglądu. Przyporządkuj im zdania, odpowiednie litery (A-E) w kratki. Jedno zdanie podane zostało dodatkowo i nie pasuje do żadnej wypowiedzi. wpisując
Body languagEfis the way people reveal their thoughts and emotions simply by moving their body in certain ways. More often than not, they don't even realise they are doing it. lt could be the gestures a person makes with their hands, the way they move their head or even how they use their eyes or mouth. In other words, people can give unspoken signals which communicate meaning just as much as words do. Psychologist Dr Kevin Lacey stresses the importance of body language. "In order to make a good impression, just saying the right thing isn't enough," he says. "How we say it, and the body language we use, can be just as important." So what does Dr Lacey suggest we do to improve the sort of message our body language is sending? "Firstly, when you sit opposite someone, don't cross your arms or legs," he advises, "and if you are wearing a jacket, open it. Otherwise, your position looks 'closed' and people may easily think you have something to hicie. An open posture, on the other hand, makes people think that you are being honest. lf you want to show you are interested in what someone is saying, you should lean forward with your head slightly to one sicie. This suggests that you are paying attention to them. Making direct eye contact is usually a good idea too, although in some cultures, such as in some parts of Asia, it can be a sign of disrespect." But it's not just a question of giving out the right signals ourselves. lt can also be very useful to understand someone else's body language. lf, for example, you want to l\now whether someone is telling the truth or not, there are a number of simple signs to look out for. "lf someone's eyes keep moving quickly around the room and they l\eep on touching their face," Dr Lacey explains, "there is a good chance the person is not being completely honest." So the next time you meet someone new, why not follow Dr Lacey's advice? Hopefully, body language will help you to trust and be trusted !
A The speaker gives his/her opinion on a fashion trend. B The speaker explains how he/she chooses what clothes he/she wears. c The speaker describes a daily routine he/she keeps. D This announcement advertises a clothes company. E We learn what a person's appearance says about their character.
2 Crossing your arms or legs suggests you ... A are feeling angry. B are not easily annoyed. C are open to conversation. D are keeping something back.
3 Looking someone straight in the eyes . A should not be done everywhere. B will gain you people's respect. C is only acceptable in Asia. D shows that you are highly cultured.
14
4
Speaker 2 Speaker 3 Speaker 4
Rozmowa wstępna Opis ilustracji Odpowiedzi na pytania
3 2 3 4 5
4 - 1 Dr Lacey thinks that body language is ... A of hardly any importance. B more important than speech. C an important way of communicating. D less important than speech.
Speaker 1
2 3 4 5 6
t41.1.n.tłł1M·lMiltwHfMI Wybór wielokrotny
Odpowiedz na pytania. How important to you is it to follow fashion? Do you think your clothes reflect your character? What does your best friend look like? How would you describe their personality? What sort of things make you feel angry?
Opisz zdjęcia. Następnie odpowiedz na pytania.
6
I
W zadaniach 1 i 2 wybierz wyraz, który poprawnie uzupełnia luki w obydwu zdaniach. Zakreśl literę A. B albo C. David's car „ „ „ down while he was driving to work this morning. Her phone „ „ „ when she dropped it on the ground. A wrecked B ruined C broke
2
A sign that someone is lying is when they ... A keep walking round the room. B don't look at one thing for long. C keep looking a'C your face. D try to leave th12 room quickly.
5 In the article the writer argues that ... A body language is the most important form o communication. B people overemphasise the importance of bod language. C it is impossible to control aur body language. O aur body language influences what others thin of us.
How do the people in the pictures enjoy being with their friends? Do you hang out with friends? What kind of friends do you look for? What do you like most about your best friend? What behaviour of others hurts you most? What do you think are your good and bad qualities?
Greg looked „ „ his text messages while waiting at the bus stop. Terry often takes a route .„ „ . the park on his way to school each morning. A around B through C ove1 „
E-mail prywatny (Writing Bonk: listle-mail prywatny)
6
Uczęszczasz na kurs języka angielskiego w Wielkiej Brytanii. Zredaguj e-mail do przyjaciela/ przyjaciółki (80-130 słów). • Napisz, jak wyglądał Twój przyjazd i pierwszy dzień w Anglii. • Opisz członka goszczącej Cię rodziny. • Wspomnij. co najbardziej podoba Ci się na uczelni, na której odbywa się kurs. Zaproponuj przyjacielowi/ przyjaciółce, aby Cię odwiedził( a).
15
1
ł Renting a fiat I
~~Places of residence I
Rooms & furniture
4
a) Look and write the correct number (1-12).
Opposit:es
Label the photos. villa, detached house, cottage, mansion, black of flats, terraced house, bungalow, semi-detached house, houseboat.
7
• dining room O • attic O • kitchen O • roof O • garage O • child's bedroom O • chimneyO • front door O • master bedroom O • living room O •garden O • bathroomO
A spacious modern tidy noisy bright luxurious
2 b) Look at the picture and complete the table with: sofa, lawn,
cupboards, washbasin, desk, chest of drawers, dining table, fridge, bed, armchair, lamp, wardrobe, sink, toi/et, flowerbed, driveway, cooker, mirror, dining chair, coffee table, cushions, pi/low, bookcase, path, bath, bedside table. living room
sofo,
bedroom
chest of drowe1 s,
kit chen
cupboarcls,
bathroom
washbas111,
3
4 5
" Collowtions
2
3
Match the words to make collocations.
[I[] [f[J [![] [!O [}TI .@I] [II]
cook water wash lay vacuum hang out throw away ~ tidyup
dinner the washing the carpet the rubbish the dishes the mess g the plants h the table
a b c d e
a) Complete the note Jane left her brother. Use doorbell,
heating, bulb, stepladder, table.
6
lawn,
attic
desk,
Now say as in the example. There's o sofo in the living room.
c) Write a description of your house/fiat. Think about: how
16
Tim, \'li be back by 8. Same l'm going to my yoga class now. in the living ·• the coffee 1) „„„„„„„„„„„„„ post carne - it s on k' gin the hall - could you Also the light's not wor m room. , lease? lf the 3) „„„„„„„„„„„„. change the 2) „„„„„„„„„„„, p d r He wants to ., I Bill from next oo . o cut his hedges. See you rings, it s probab y borrow our 4) „„„„„„„„„„ ..„„„. t I Id · if you fee co . later - turn on the 5) „„„.„.„„„„„„. Jane
many rooms there are - what furniture there is in each room what there is outside. Tell your
b) Now write a similar note to someone in your family using these words: fridge, cooker, garden, water the plants, bookcase,
partner.
tidy up.
a b c d e
B old-fashioned cramped quiet basie messy dark
Sorry the house is so ....... „ .......... „ „ „ „ . ; I haven't had time to clean up today. The kitchen is very „ ... „ „ „ . . in the morning because it faces the sun. The living room was so „ ..... „ „ ..... „ . that we had enough room to fit two sofas in it. Lisa's bedsit is very „ . „ . „ .. „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ . „ , so she wants to move into a bigger fiat in January. My neighbours often play loud music at night; they' re very „ „ „ . „ . „ . „ „ „ . „ „ „ „ . ! The fiat we looked at was quite .. „ .... „ „ „ „ ... „ ... ; it had only one bedroom and wasn't furnished.
"' Collocations
5
8 Match the definitions (a-f) to the types of accommodation (1-6). /
IJJ:=J skyscraper
~farmhouse
dining room dimng table, garden
Match the opposites. Complete the sentences using appropriate adjectives.
a vehicle pulled by a car which you can live in b wooden house found in snowy mountains c house on a farm d tall modern building in a city e rented room used for both living and sleeping large room under the roof of a building
" Preposit.:ions
6
Choose the right preposition.
1 2 3 4 5
He lived on/in the suburbs of Paris for three years. They have booked a room on/in a hotel in York. They bought a small house by/in the sea. Did you enjoy living at/in the mountains? They went sightseeing on/in the town centre.
Fili in with: studio, loft, cheap, multicultural, touring, centre, secluded.
A: Becky, where shall we stay on our trip to Barcelona? We can take my dad's 1) „ .. „ „ ....... „. „ „ „ „ „ „. caravan · and drive down. We'll find a 2) .... „ „ „ „ . „ „ „ „ ..... „ „ ' campsite to stay at. . B: Weil, l'd like something more comfortable. I got some' 1 ideas on the Internet earlier. What do you think about renting a small 3) „ . „ „ „ „. „ . „ „ „ „ „ .„. „ fiat in the city 4) „ „ „ . „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ .... „ .. ? • A: l'd rather find something bigger. B: OK. How about staying in a spacious S) . fiat? We'd be in a really interesting 6) „. district in the suburbs. A: That sounds good. We could also stay in Tamariu - a coastal village located in a 7) ... bay just an hour's drive from the city. B: l'd prefer to stay in Barcelona. A: Alright.
\..
(~) See Vocabulary Bank on p. 188)
17
GJi#ł.lttJ 1
Wybór wielokrotny
I
2 ~ Choose the option A, B or C that
a) Read the rubric, then quickly read the texts. Which one is a(n): diary entry, advertisement, notice?
~ Utihifj ~:ec:r:a~~~e~s; ~o:y;z;e- -
- -
~
: dornów. Z podanych odpowiedzi wybierz właściwą. : I zgodną z treścią tekstu. Zakreśl literę A. B lub C. D
L----------------------d
21-year old male student looking for a one-bedroom fiat near the university Prepared to sign a one-year lease beginning in September Basic furniture such as bed and desk will be required Can supply own kitchen appliances and washing machine Willing to pay extra for parking facilities Please text or call me at 087-234321 or by email at [email protected]
Dear Diary. . ·on by taxi and gota.huge I arrived at my dest1naa~el agent claiming Id be shock. Despi-t;6 my tr hotel'. all I could see were staying in a mode~nilt along the edge of a sea dozens of cot~ges u abbed my phone to call my 'cliff. I immed1ately gr ·ust as she answered. I put trave\agent - but the~. IJooked around. I refu sed to the phone down an \et her mistake ruin m y h o I id a.y m aybe th is co u 1d a etu a 11 Y be a trip to rem em ber. 1. told the taXI driver to stop and hauled m Y su i tease out of
Zapoznaj się z poleceniem, a następnie przeczytaj pobieżnie teksty, aby zorientować się. jaki gatunek reprezentuje każdy z nich (reklama, artykuł, notatka itp.). Przeczytaj zadania ( 1-3) i podkreśl słowa kluczowe w odpowiedziach (A-C). Następnie przeczytaj ponownie teksty i wybierz właściwe odpowiedzi.
IHlousehold Department - Summer Sale Summer is finally upon us so now it's time to get your balcony and garden ready so that you can really enjoy the summer sun ! For one week only we have 50% off on selected items.
G~t a set of 4 balcony deckchairs for only f70 or a garden table w1th fitted parasol for only fSO! We have a limited stock so come early to avoid disappointment. Sales starts 1 May (please note doors open at noon to allow staff time to prepare for sale).
1
MW
: wybierz właściwą. tak aby otrzymać logiczny I grama- : u tycznie poprawny tekst. Zakreśl literę A. B albo C. 1 L-----------------------~
b) Underline the key words in the questions (1-3).
2
Do the tasie Justify your answers. Then, explain the words in bold.
Read Text 2 again look at the picture. Would you prefer to stay in a modern hotel or a cottage while you're on holiday? Why? In three minutes write a few sentences. Tell the class.
\Mtt!J!IW
Choose the option A, B or C that best replaces the words in bold. Steve didn't know about Jane's accident. A was unaware of B was unsure of C was uninterested in
WlL
I Stilt houses are houses built on vertical poles. They are most commonly built over water, although they 1) „ .... also be built over dirt or sand. Stilt houses have been used for thousands of years, and today, people all over the planet stili choose to live in 2) „ „ . . From Southeast Asia to South America, houses constructed in this style are extremely popular. There are many advantages to stilt houses. Building on stilts helps 3) „ „ „ houses from floods. Also, stilt houses can be built on land that might otherwise be unsuitable for housing (e.g. hillsides and lakes). What's more, the height of stilt houses serves to 4) „ „ „ out vermin such as rats and mice. In the future, stilt houses will probably become 5) „. „. more common around the globe as scientists think that global warming will lead to rising sea levels and increased flooding in many cities. A 2 A 3 A 4 A 5 A
can these to protect stay stili
B B B B B
mu st those protecting keep even
c c c c c
should them to be protected take yet
W zadaniach takich jak ćw. 2 wyraz stanowiący właściwą odpowiedź przeważnie ma różne znaczenia
w obydwu zdaniach lub jest
18
2 He looked „ „ „ her cat while she was away. She's leaving the fiat the day „ . tomorrow. A after B anto C above
3
2 What did the writer decide to do after he rang his travel agent? A find a different place to stay B stay in one of the cottages C return home 3 The text gives customers information on ... A a temporary change in opening hours. B a one-day sale. C discounts on all shop products.
Paul's car „ „ „ down while he was driving to work. The watch „ „ „ when she dropped it. A damaged B hurt C broke
Read the rubric and do the task.
r-----------------------~ B Przeczytaj tekst. Z podanych odpowiedzi I
The writer of the text ... A advertises a fiat for rent. B describes the fiat where he is living. C enquires about available fiats.
3 Telford Department Store
completes the gap in both sentences.
użyty
w inny sposób, np.
jako część czasownika typu phrasal verb lub idiomu.
2 You should look around for a cheaper fiat. A move to B choose C try to find
4
Ud
Choose the option A, B or C that is a translation of the Polish text in brackets and which correctly completes the gap. This time tomorrow, we (będziemy się wprowadzać do) our new fiat. A will have moved into B will be moving into C are going to move into
2 This fiat is on the top floor. (Czy jest Pan nim zainteresowany?) A Have you shown interest in it? B What's so interesting about it? C Are you interested in it?
5
w:mt
Complete the dialogues by choosing A, B or C. X: Do you regret moving out of your old fiat?
Y: ··························································· A No, it was a good decision. B Yes, I should have moved there. C Yes, it's much better here. 2 X: Is this fiat available for rent? Y: ..... „ . . . . . . . . . . „ .. „ ........ „ .........•. „ ...... . A lt's far too expensive. B A student used to stay there. C lt's currently occupied.
19
łMfl@fitl Rooms & furniture I 1 Complete the table with the words below. Add two more
IAreas of residence
5
I
words in each category.
Match the areas of residence in the list with the sentences.
• laundry room • bunk bed • mop • cellar • couch • rocking chair • desk lamp • radiator • dressing table
• tourist resort • multicultural district
• study • loft • smoke detector
• slum • suburb • campus • council estate
1
Vicky is looking for a fiat to rent. Use the words in the list to complete the dialogue. 0
Rooms
Furniture
Household objects
lounclry room
bunk be(/
moµ
2
Lisa lives only five minutes away from the university library. 2 We stayed at a hotel on the south coast of Spain. 3 Greg's house was built by the government and has quite cheap rent. 4 Diane lives on the edge of the city and has to catch a train to work every morning. 5 In Richard's street most residents come from different countries. 6 The charity worder was shocked by the poor living conditions she saw.
Tracy is looking for a flatmate and has attached a notice to the college notice board. Fill in the gaps with: built-in, air-
conditioning, microwave, dining, mattress, carpet, central. l'm looking for a flatmate to share my fiat in Gleeson Street. lt's a cosy fiat with 1) .............................. heating for the winter and
2) .............................. for the summer. My kitchen has a large '
3) ................ „
table and includes a(n) 4) .............................. oven and a cooker. You will have your own bedroom, which has a(n) 5) ............................. on the floor and , ............
Collocations 6 Fili in with: friend/y, capital, housing, count1yside, walking, busy, heart.
0
a large 6) ............................. wardrobe for your clothes. l've also' bought a new 7) .............................. for the bed. lf you're interested please call me on 087-9557983.
3
Now imagine you are a college student and are looking for a flatmate to share your fiat. Write your notice.
IHousehold chores I @
.Collocations
4
The Smiths are getting organised for a dinner party. Read their to-do list and fill in with the correct form of the verbs. • water • do • clean • lay • make • take out Mr Smith has al ready 1) ................... the plants in the garden, but he stili needs to the rubbish. Mrs Smith has just 3) ... „. „. .. . . . . . . . . . . the windows. Naw she's going to the supermarket to 4) „ .•...•••. „ •.. „ .... the shopping. So far, Nancy has 5) . . . .. . . . . . .. . ... . . . . . . .. . .. . . . the beds, but she st iii needs to 6) .......................... .
2) ..... „
•••... „ .•••.••
the table before the guests arrive.
20
MrSmTih rubbish X plants ,/ Mrs Smith windows ./ shopping)( Nancy --i:led-s ./ table X
9
" Useful phrases
o
high 0 flatmate • fully newly o fitted
0
„
Fiona is going to move to Edinburgh to study in the university. Read the email and fill in the correct words from the list. • run-down ° studio • residential • commute • modern 0 two-storey o shared • rent
Hi Terry! Weil, l've just moved into my new fiat in London and it's far different from my old farm house in the 1) ....................... ! lt's located in a modern 2) .. . ... . .. ..... ...... ... estate in the 3) .. . . .......... ... ... . .. of the city centre. lt's only a 10-minute walk to college. lt's also within 4) ................. . distance of a supermarket, which is very convenient. The only problem is that my bedroom faces onto a 5) .......................... road - it's difficult to sleep at night. Overall it's a 6) ... ... . ...... ... ... . ... ... . . neighbourhood and it's really exciting to live in the 7) ............................ city of England. You should visit! Bob
ł\1\1;\ł\l :t250 per week one·bedroom furnished
fiat
Gosy fiat 1) ............. „ ••••••••• 5 minutes from Bristol University. Living room with high quality furniture. 2) ..................... kitchen with two other residents. Gas central 3) ................... . 6 or 12 month 4) ............... . available.
;&375 per week two-bedroom unfurnished fiat
.•
IRenting a fiat I 8
located, contract, heating, negotiated, renovated, shared, utilities.
rent • available o good
A: Hello. l'm calling about the fiat in the paper. Is it stili 1) ..... „ .... „.„„„.„„„„? B: Yes, it certainly is. lt's on the third floor of a 2) . „.. .. . . „ . . . . . „ built black of flats in South Kensmgton A: I see And yo ur adve1 t1sement says it's 3) . .. . . . „ • . • • furnished. Does that include a bed and wardrobe? B: Yes, it does. Every room has 4) „ „ „ . quality furniture and the fiat also includes a(n) 5) . kitchen. A: lt sou nds lovely. How much is the 6) „ . „ . „ „ „ „ „ „ „ .. „ „ . ? B: lt's f300 per week if you plan to live on your own, but if you plan on living with a(n) 7) „ „ . „ . „ . „ „ „ „ „ „ . „ „ . „ . „ it will be f400 for both of you. A: OK, that makes sense. And can I sign the contract for just six months or does it have to be for a year? B: Well, as long as you leave the fiat in a(n) 8) „ „ .. „ „ .. „ .... condition, I don't mind.
Read the advertisements below and fill in the gaps with: garage,
Recently 5) ........................... flat close to city centre. Spacious living room. Building has undergroU:Od 6) .......................... . with free parking. Rent includes 7) ........................... ( electricity, gas, etc). Price of rent can be 8) .......................... .
0
Hi Fiona, lt's wonderful news that you'll be living in Edinburgh and l'm glad that you asked me for help to find accommodation. Weil, the university has a few 1) „ „ .• „ •. „ .•... „ ........ buildings but they are quite ald and 2) .......................... „ so I don't think you should choose one of their flats. l've found two places that you might like, though. The first is a 3) „ .. „ ... „ ... „ ... „ „ . fiat in the suburbs. lt's fully furnished with same really 4) .. „ .. „. „ •• „ •••. furniture and it's also near a bus stop so it will be easy for you to 5) ....... „ ....• „ . „ .. to the university. The only problem is that the 6) .„ .......... „ „ .••.• „ is quite high. The other place l've found is a bedsit, which is far cheaper. lt's a room in a 7) „ „ •••...•...... „ ... „ •.• house just 200 metres from the university. You'll have to use a 8) ............ „ „ ••.... „ .•. kitchen, but l've met the other people in the house and they all seem nice. What do you think? Write soon! Megan
Prepositions
1OChoose the correct preposition. 2
3 4
5 6 7
The Smiths are moving out from/of their house next month. There are shops and restaurants at/ within wal~ng distance of the hotel. The bus station is only a few minutes' drive from/of aur house. The company's offices are located at/on the ninth floor of a skyscraper. He lives in a detached house by/on the outskirts of the city. As a child, Ben lived on/at a houseboat on the Thames. His art studio is to/on the top of a ten-storey building overlooking St. James's Park.
(~j See Vocabulary Bank on p. 188)
21
(1t!f§.fJ,ł@I Dobieranie I 1 .Q, Read the rubric and do the task.
3
r-----------------------• UdUsłyszysz dwukrotnie wypowiedzi
I
: czterech osób na temat miejsc, w których mieszkają. I Przyporządkuj mówiącym zdania, które najlepiej I podsumowują ich wypowiedzi, wpisując odpowiednie
I
: 1 B
: litery (A-E) w ~ratki (1-4). Jedno zdanie podane : I zostało dodatkowo i nie pasuje do żadnej wypowiedzi. u
·-----------------------~ A You can hear this announcement at a property auction. B The speaker explains why he/she left his/her previous home. C We learn how to save space in
l'm interested in a one-bedroom fiat. 2 3 4 5
When can I see it? What are the neighbours like? I can afford up to f300 per month. Is there anything available near the university? How many people have been to see it? I can't afford something that expensive. l'd like it to have a study, if possible. l've seen three flats so far but they were all too
6 7 8 9
small.
10 l've had same awful flatmates in my time!
Speaker 1 Speaker 2
E The speaker speaks about
:
Przeprowadziłeś/-aś
: Napisz e-mail (80-130 słów) do n : kolegi/koleżanki z Anglii, w którym: D B
n•
opiszesz dom/mieszkanie
:
8
i Twój pokój.
o
wspomnisz o jednej rzeczy. która
B
Ci się nie podoba w okolicy
o n o
Speaker 3 Speaker 4
Ask what type of./
•
zaprosisz do siebie kolegę/
Ask about desired area.
z
Przeczytaj polecenie do ćw. 2. Pomyśl, w jakiej roli wystąpisz i kim jest Twój rozmówca, gdyż wpłynie to
na styl Twojej wypowiedzi. Zastanów się także, jakich słów i zwrotów będziesz potrzebować, np. związanych
z zasięganiem informacji, wyrażaniem upodobań itp. Read the rubric. Who are you? Who are you talking to? What style will your dialogue be in?
r---------------------~
~Jesteś studentem/-ką i szukasz
mieszkania do wynajęcia. Przyszedłeś/Przyszłaś do biura nieruchomości. W rozmowie z agentem/-ką uwzględnij następujące kwestie: jakie mieszkania
jaka lokalizacja
wldziateś/-aś i dlaczego byty
I wysokość czynszu ! Cię interesuje ( !300 i miesięcznie),
:
;
jaka jest aktualna rodzaj mieszkania, \ oferta I kiedy można jakiego potrzebujesz, f oglądać mieszkania, · I jego cechy szczegó~~~:}
---------------------
:.;; State type of fiat and special features you want. 'State area and rent.
.. ~. one fi at. G 1ve pnce. ~ Reiect the offer and say
Suggest an alternative.
~ why. ______,,_Ask for viewing.
(\ L1sten . to a model answer. Is speaker B 5 11.101 successful? Think about: intonation, pronunciation, fluency, grammar mistakes.
ljt.@i§.iffi Rozmowa wstępna I 6
Read the rubric anci do the task.
\Jm ~d;:w~iz ~a~~a~i: ~ L---------------d
~
What kind of home do you live in? 2 What do you like about your home? What do you not like about it? 3 Where do you spend most of your time when you're at home? Why? 4 What things are important when choosing a home to live in? 5 What kind of home would be ideal for you?
n
o u
i podasz uzasadnienie, przyjaciół
koleżankę
co
' '.'la końcu zdań twierdzących i przeczących używamy kropki(.). I 111 Ila/ran. /'m not French. • Zdania pytające kończymy pytajnikiem(?). Are you British? • ~ozdzielając części wypowiedzi, należy użyć przecinka (,). I ve gol a cap. a mug and a bag. • Przecinka używamy ta!<że .Po zwrocie otwierającym i kończącym list. Deat Hamet. (~rot ot:v1eraiący), By for now. (zwrot kończący) • Aby oznaczyc emoqonalne zabarwienie wypowiedzi, używamy wykrzyknika (!). / lil
o
poprosisz o radę, jak znaleźć
?~ unsuitable.
B
się do nowego domu/mieszkania.
•
Suggest availability of
22
r---------------~~
Greet B. Ask how--~ Explain who you are and / / what you want. Point out you can help.
_1ąr.1mm Odgrywanie roli I
nieodpowiednie,
Read the rubric, then read the model answer. Are all points in the rubric included in the email?
B
A
fiat B wants.
2
b) Find examples of informal style.
1
In pairs act out your dialogue. Follow the plan.
what you've seen so far is
a) Suggest a different opening and closing remark for Anna's email.
prywatny)
•
4
2
(Writing Bank: list!e·mail
nowego domu/mieszkania
a home. D The speaker describes his/her dream home. a property for sale.
E-mail prywatny
Which of these sentences are suitable for you to do the task in Ex. 2?
w nowym miejscu, i zaproponujesz coś,
możecie zrobić
razem.
. Dear Harriet, Sorry I didn't write earlier but l've been really busy moving into our new fiat. lt's on the fourth floor of a 10-storey building and it has a living room, bathroom, kitchen and two bedrooms. My room has a really nice view of the park. We live in a nice neighbour hood with lots of shops. The only problem is that the street is really noisy. I often get woken up by cars in the morning. Can you give me any advice on how to make new friends? l'd love to get to know some new people in the area. Why don't you come and stay w1th us next weekend? 1'11 show you around and we can watch a film in the local cinema. Bye for now, Anna
e
3
Punctuate the sentences.
1 2 3 4
Hope you're OK How are you doing Hi How are you Our new house is just great
4
a) Read the rubric and underline the key words. What should you include in your email?
u
5 There's a living room a kitchen two bedrooms and two bathrooms 6 l've got a bed a desk a chair and a wardrobe
H
o
o n
:titD P~;chaleśf~ś::m~e;;z;y:;p:c~;ek 1
do swoich dziadków na wsi. N aplsz e-mall (80-130
- -
słów)
: do przyjaciela/ przyjaciółki z Anglii. 1 • Opisz dom i jego otoczenie. : • 1 •
Napisz, co najbardziej podoba Cl
aronajm~~
o •
: 1
I
I
Napisz, jak spędzasz czas.
:
~
1
się w
miejscu pobytu,
Zaproś adresata/-kę. aby przyjechał(a) do Ciebie za rok.
: 1
:
L--------------------~-----~ b) Hen~'s a li~t of words related to the rubric: go swimming, clean air, bormg, by the sea, quiet, no central heating, b~ngalow, in the mountains, walk in the fields, peaceful, help w1th chores, cottage, in the countryside, iso/ated, fiat. List House - Surroundings Activities - Like most/least, then add two mare
them under the headings
words/phrases under each heading. c) Write your email. Fellow the plan.
L?~m Dear ....................... , (Para 1) opening remarks, reasonfor writing (Para 2) bouse and surroundings (Para 3) daiźi1 activities, wbat like most/least (Para 4) invite friend, c!osing remarks
Yours,
23
(iiffll@j,j@wybór wielok~ 1
a)
2
,Q, Read the rubric and do
the task.
~I ~ ~;~::ci:u~r:t~i; ~B trzy nagrania. Z podanych odpowiedzi wybierz właściwą. : zgodną z treścią tekstu. Zakreśl 1 literę A. B lub C.
1 I
1
U
: I
L---------------d
Recording 1
r------------------------~--~
ag Przebywasz z wizytą u rodziny Twojego przyjaciela
: z Anglii. Jego dziadkowie przechodzą na emeryturę 0 : i chcą kupić nowy dom. Oboje uwielbiają ogrodnictwo. o 1 Przyjrzyj się zdjęciom trzech domów. o B • Wybierz dom, który, Twoim zdaniem, jest dla nich n : najbardziej odpowiedni, i uzasadnij swoją decyzję. o u • Wyjaśnij, dlaczego pozostałe propozycje są nieodpowiednie.o
I
1
L---------------------------~
Why doesn't Tom want to buy a house? A The rent for his current fiat is very cheap. B He does not know where he will be living in the future. C He does not earn enough money. Recording 2 The A B C
speaker is ... a builder. an estate agent. a fiat tenant.
Recording 3 The burglar ... A lied to neighbours about his identity. B stole over f1 ,OOO in cash. C entered the house by force. b) Compare your answers with a partner.
Przeczytaj uważnie polecenie, aby zapoznać się z treścią zadania. Przyjrzyj się zdjęciom i zastanów się nad zaletami i wadami każdego z sugerowanych rozwiązań. Uzasadnij swoją decyzję.
b) Look at the table. Add one more point you can think of for each house. CONS
PROS in the sub urbs
expensive to maintain, not very close to facilities
quiet location, less polluted air
plenty of fresh air, in the countryside peaceful & quiet in the city close to facilities, convenient (for transport) centre c} Make sentences about each house as in the example.
The house in the suburbs is in a quiet /ocation. Howeve1; it's expensive to maintain. The oir is less pollutecl there but the house is not very close to facilities such cis bonks, shops 01 hospita/s. d) Use the language in the box to decide which of the three houses would be the best choice for your friend's grandparents.
higher travelling costs, far from friends & family noisy & polluted, stressful
,~sefuł Language Expressing opinion • I (don't) think that „. • I believe (that) ... • In my opinion, . „ • lt seems to me (that) Expressing pros/cons • An obvious advantage is • In addition, „. • What's more, „ . •A drawback would be „. • On the other hand, „. o However, ..
3 ,Q, Listen to someone doing the task. Which house do they decide on? How do they justify their choice7 Why do they reject the other two options7
24
·-
eople living in the Leetham neighbourhood of Manchester get hardly any peace and quiet or privacy because the neighbourhood consists of rnw upon row of Victorian terraced houses, all built right next to each other. As I walked past these rows, I imagined that when he was young, Roger Clennan saw music as a way of escaping this depressing inner-city life. But then I turned into Sycamore Avenue, the street where Roger had lived, and suddenly I felt like I was in another world - a world far, far away from the city centre. Pretty, green surroundings greeted me. Clearly, the Clennans had been among the most wealthy families of Leetham. The Clennans' home is situated at the far end of Sycamore Avenue. Three storeys high, it stands out from the other houses in the street thanks to a recent coat of paint and a new root. The local authorities have only just finished restoring the house to how it looked when Roger's parents first bought it, and they have done an excellent job. The first thing I noticed when I stepped inside Roger's home was how bare it was. The hallway contained only a telephone table and a coat stand - no pictures, rugs or other furnishings. Apparently, Roger's parents had believed that furniture and furnishings were only there to serve a purpose.
They could not understand how anyone would buy something for their house simply because it looked pretty. Consequently their house only contained items that were absolutely necessary. There was a single exception to this rule. In the Clennans' living room, I found a beautiful Indian rug on the floor, rich in colour and beautifully patterned. Roger's parents had bought the rug on their return from a trip to lndia, having fallen in love with Indian culture. Because Roger's early songs are full of Indian sounds, I wondered if it was the rug that inspired him to explore Indian music. Upstairs, on the second floor, I found Roger's bedroom. From the windows you can see the outline of the Manchester Free Trade Hall - venue of some of the most famous pop concerts in history. I imagine Roger must have stared at it a thousand times during his youth, imagining and dreaming that he would one day play therei.
- Wybór wielokrotny
j1
Look at the picture. What type of house can you see 7 Which of these words two-storey,
cramped, balcony, red tiles, spacious, historical, front garden, airy, peaceful, city centre, green surroundings would you use to talk about it?
2
Read the rubric and do the task.
r--------------------~
I
:
\Elm Przeczytaj tekst o wizycie w domu rodzinnym sławnego muzyka.
1 Z podanych możliwości odpowiedzi (1-5) I wybierz właściwą. zgodną z treścią tekstu. I Zakreśl literę A. B. C lub D.
u I
L--------------------d Leetham neighbourhood . A has many detachecl houses. B is in the suburbs of Manchester. C has some very crowded housing. D is famous for its modern architecture.
2 Sycamore Avenue is . A a depressing part of Manchester. B where people with money live. C full of frienclly people. D where Roger currently lives.
3 According to the writer, Roger's parents thought furniture should be . C beautiful. A simple. D comfortable. B useful. 4 The rug in the Clennans' living room . A was bought soon before Roger's parents were marriecl. B matched the living room furniture. C made Roger want to visit lndia. D was the only piece of d~coration in the house. 5 Th is text is typ ical of a(n) ... A travel brochure. B magazine article.
C advert. D letter.
3
Explain the words in bold.
4
How similar is the inside of Roger's house to yours7 In 3 minutes write a paragraph. Then tell your friend or the class.
l -· 25
4 1
Look at the pictures. What impression of lreland do they give you? Why do
2
you think lreland is called the Emerald
Millions of lrish people .. „ . „
tsle? Read through to find out.
lreland in the 19th and 20th centuries.
3
lt is believed that Mesolithic hunters were the first
4
The British ....................... „
2
Neolithic times. Neolithic settlers knew how to
3
The Celts carne to lreland for
make stone constructions. a short time around 500 BC. lreland became part of the UK at the start of the 12th century. 5
The British created many new jobs for the lrish in the 19th century.
6
The new Republic of lreland did not include the whole island.
7
In lreland, English is the only officia! language of the state.
8
In lreland, people sometimes lrish stew is lreland'G national dish. lts main ingredients are !amb or mutton, potatoes, carrots and onjons.
use lrish along with English.
3
Read again and complete the sentences. Neolithic settlers carne to lreland and introduced
............................ .
2
The Celts replaced . „ . „
3
In 1169, the Normans .................. „
4
In the 19th century, the lrish were not allowed . „ .. „ .. „ .... „ „ „ •. „ .....•.. „ •.... „ ...... .
5
Between 1845 and 1852 ....... „
6
... „
.• „ ..
•...••...... „ .•. „
..... „ . ••....•
... „ ........ .
Saint Patri.ck's Day is lreland's national holil::lay. lt is celebrated on 17th March.
reland is a small island with a long history of invasions and occupations. lt is believed that the first humans to settle in lreland were Mesolithic hunters and gatherers who carne across from Scotland in small boats sometime around 8000 BC. They were followed a lew thousand years later by Neolithic settlers from neighbouring Britain, who introduced farming and stone buildings. Later, around 500 BC, lreland saw the arrival of Celtic clans from Europe, who settled on the island for good and shaped the future of the country and people. The Celts gradually replaced language and culture of the inhabitants the island with their own. They divided the country into small kingdoms, each of which was ruled by a king. They made tools and weapons from bronze and iron and are remembered today for their beautiful music, art and crafts.
started to emigrate to America and when a disease destroyed crops of potatoes and caused a famine between 1845 and 1852, 25% of the population either died or emigrated. The long struggle against English rule continued until lreland finally gained its freedom after a bloody War of Independence between 1919 and 1921. The British pulled out of most of the country and the Free State of lreland was created, which incorporated 5/6 of the island and which would later become the Republic of lreland, in 1948. The remaining part became Northern lreland, which is part of the UK. Today, the Republic of lreland is an entirely independent country with its own government and a very unique national identity. The population is made up of 87.5% lrish and a variety of immigrants from Europe and Asia. There are two officia! languages in the Republic of lreland: Gaelic lrish and English. lrish is spoken in a number of rura! areas, especially in the west of the country, but the majority of the population speak English. The !rish accent is different to British accents and some vocabulary comes from the Gaelic lrish language. lrish is usually used in officia! contexts; the lrish word for lreland, Eire, appears on coins.
The island continued to be invaded by lreland is known for its impressive coastlines and beautiful various peoples including the Vikings in the .: green landscapes, and for !his reason il is called the Emerald 9th century AD, the Normans in 1169 lsle. li is home to a variety of animals such as the red fox and and the English, who managed to bring the red deer, and is known for its quality horses. li also has island under their control by around seals, turtles and dolphins, but believe il or not, il is one of the start of the 17th century. lreland was only countries in the world where there are no wild snakes. controlled from London and its lreland is famous throughout the world for its rich artistic and became subjects of the British musical culture and has produced a number of famous artists. lrish were not allowed to speak the Famous lrish writers, actors and musicians include James language and were Joyce, Colin Farrell and Bono. lrish culture has had a from many jobs. significant influence on other cultures, particularly in music and literature, which makes it one of the great little nations of the world.
their freedom.
„ .. „ ....... „ .. „
„ . „ ...... „ „ •... „ . .
lreland wasjirst occupied in
from
After the War of Independence, lrish people „
T (true) or F (False).
.
2 Read the text and mark the sentences
4
Complete the sentences with the verbs settle, influence, speak, replace, shape, control, bar, emigrate, gain in the correct form.
„ •....•
on the island. .. „ . „
lrish people from
many jobs. 5 The invaders took over and ... „ everything in the country. 6
The Celtic invasion brought about drastic changes
7
The language of the original lrish people
8
Today, English .
that
„ „
. „ „
•. „ .•• „
. . . . . . • . . . . . . . . • . . • . • . . . „ ....
the future of the country.
by the Celts. . by the majority
of the population. 9
Other cultures have been .. „ ....... „
... „ .. „ „ .. „ .
by
lrish culture.
5
Fili in: on (x2), under, for. Celtic culture is known ........ „ its artistic creativity.
2
The people lived ................... British control for hundreds of years.
3 4
How many people live ............... the island today? lrish music has had an influence .................. many music styles across the world.
6
Make notes under the headings then use your notes to present lreland to the class.
Na me
location
language
Brief hist()ry Population Arts/Famous people
Think of two reasons why you would like to visit lreland. In three minutes write a few
22 presidents of the USA, including John F. Kennedy, Bill Clinton and Barack Obama, are of lrish descent.
27
;;-;-
IPlaces in school I 1
Match the school subjects (1-11) to the school classrooms (A-K). Which subjects are: creative
3
e
Complete the sentences with the words from the list.
Collocations
5
subjects? scientific subjects?
• language • music • science
[II]
l'm going to the ......................... roorn to practise for my violi n
[![]
[IO
their PE class. . . area du ring free 4 The library can be used as a .... periods. 5 We' re going to do experiments with our chemistry teacher in the
ITD
[II] [IT] [![] ~ @I]
!ID
art chemistry drama geography English history maths
[!O ~ ~
[i[]
media studies music PE (physical education) computing & IT
- IPeople in schooll
2
Complete the sentences with the words below. • student • head teacher • staff • classmate • dinner lady • bully
......................... lab. 6 Our school has got modern ......................... labs where ::.LL1ut:~11L~," can use software to learn French and ltalian. 7 I walked into the . ........ room by mistake while teachers were eating lunch. 8 Fifth-year students can hang out in the . they don't have a lesson.
lrypes of school
4
I
a) What age do children go to the following schools in your country?
(]) nursery school
(~·pri(TIĘlry s}:hqol ®
secondary school
b) Read the posts on a student forum and choose the correct words.
• librarian • pupil
.2 3 4 5
Mark is nine years old, so he's stili a •........ „ ........... at primary school. Thi$ is my ...................... , Tim. We sit next to each other in physics. The ...................... told me I co uId only borrow two books at a time. The ... .. .... .... ... .. .... gave me extra chips for lunch in the canteen. The second ary school ................... . is studying hard to pass his fina!
exams. 6 1'11 stand up to the school ............. . if he takes your lunch money again. 7 The ............................ told the first year students the school rules at
28
assembly. 8 With a ...................... of more than fifty, my school is quite big.
ODO l'm from Dundee in Scotland. Most children go to 1) state/private schools which are free. We have to go to 2) primary/secondary school when we're five. Seven years later, we go to 3) secondary/public school. You can choose to leave school when you're 16, or you can stay on until you're 18 to do the higher exams. Lucy, 16
skip turn up pay bear
~take
lesson. 2 The ........................ labs are in poor condition. The PCs are old and slow, and we don't even have Internet access. 3 The boys are in the .. .... room getting dressed for
@I]
!ID [!O
6
IExams I
Match the two columns to form collocations.
ITD
" changing • computer • common • study • staff
copy fai I learn
a b c d e f g h
late (for) in mind sb's homework school part (in) attention (to) by heart an exam
Complete the text with the correct form of six collocations from Ex. 5.
Pam's Blog 30111113 - 7:45 pm l've got good news today. My brother Nick has won the 'Student of the Month' prize at school! He really deserves it. You know, he hasn't been absent all year. He would never 1) .................. -he doesn't even take the day off when he's sick. And he never 2) .................. for class in the morning. In fact, he usually arrives fifteen minutes early. In cl;;iss, he 3) .................. to every word the teacher says and he always 4) .................. in class activities with lots of enthusiasm. The lazy students often ask Mick if they can 5) .................. , but he tells them that they should do their own work. Sometimes, l'm a little jealous of Nick, but I should 6) .................. that I could be a top student, too ... if only I worked as hard as my brother!
My experience is a little different. My parents pay for me to go to a 4) state/private school. In England we only do six years at primary school, though most of us go to 5) nursery/secondary·'""'---„·-··---········--··········--··· ················school for a .year or two before that. We go to 6) primary/ secondary school at 11 years of age. After five years, we sit the GCSE exams. Students can then leave school or go to 7) public/ sixth form college. Beatrice, 17 c) Write a post on the forum describing what types of schools you have in your countryi
7 1 2 3 4 5
...
Circle the odd one out. media - physical - religious education independent - vocational - assembly school foreign - secondary - English language head - music - high teacher information - language - computer lab
8
Match the verbs (a-h) to the definitions (1-8).
ITD [II] [IT] [![]
[![]
to work out the answer to a problem to learn something by heart to use dishonest methods in an exam to study work you've already done to get bad results in a test to evaluate a gracie to concentrate on something to get good results in a test
a b c d e
solve mark focus pass fail memorise g revise h cheat
" Collocations
9
Tick the correct verb(s) to complete each action. do
make
take
have a break an exam homework progress a mistake a lesson notes an exercise an effort
IExtracurricular activities I Useful phrases
1OChoose the correct word. Would you like to be/do in the school band? 2 You could take/join an after-school club. 3 Our science class got/went on a field trip to the Natura! History Museum. 4 The school organised/recognised a charity event to raise money for new computers. 5 Susie attends/attracts a horse riding school. 6 I play/have a hip hop class twice a week. 7 My piano teacher told me to learn/practise for an hour every night. 8 How many students volunteered/participated to plant trees in the field outside the school? (~ J See Vocabulary Bank on p. 190)
29
- Dobieranie
1
2
Wybór wielokrotny
1~
Are you planning to study at university? What are you interested in studying?
;~e;;aJt;k~. ~ ;o~a~y;h :;p;w7e;zi-~b~;; ~
Zakreśl literę
A. B albo C.
~
L--------------------------d
words in bold. „
~ \\ifuim7 ;rz:~aj ~~.;; ~;ej-cz~ś~ t;~u(1~) ~ : dopasuj nagłówek (A-F) i wpisz w każdą kratkę 1 odpowiednią literę. Dwa nagłówki zostały podane I dodatkowo i nie odnoszą się do żadnej części tekstu.
: I I
L-----------------------J
In many countries around the world schoolchildren are required to wear uniforms. The first nation to introduce school uniforms was England in the 16th century. At first, it was only poor children who attended charity schools 1) .„... wo re uniforms and it wasn't until the mid-19th century that children attending exclusive private schools also began wearing them. Before long, the trend became widespread. In the 20th century, nations 2) . from England began introducing school uniforms, and today, it is common to see schoolchildren in Australia, Thai land and Brazil - to 3) . „ „ . just a few countries - wearing uniforms. One nation in which 4) „ .. „ have become hugely popular is Japan. There, school uniforms are almost universal in both the state and private school systems. Most schools even have a summer and winter version of the uniform. When Japanese teenagers are out of school, they wear very colourful and innovative clothes mainly because they don't get a(n) 5) .. „ .. to display their individual fashion tastes during school hours. c which B that A who c except a part B A moreover c speak call B A na me c those B they A them c abi lity B chan ce A try „
STEPo=D Most degrees last for four years and the careers that follow on from them can last a lifetime, so it's important to choose a subject that you're interested in and that will keep you stimulated year after year. You could start by examining what courses are linked to Y-our favourite hobbies. lf you love sports, you could look into a career in sports journalism, for example. Like travelling? Then why not consider some tourism courses?
STEP(}IJ Next, consider your abilities. Many of the skills you'll need for a particular career can be learned in university, but even at an early stage, you can identify what you are naturally good or not so good at. One way to get an idea of your skills is by looking at the subjects you took in secondary school. Maybe learning foreign languages carne naturally to you but you always had trouble working with numbers?
CHALLENGE yoURSELr ORE OEfAIL EXPLORE IN M APPEALS TO YOU ASK·YOURSELr WHA1 \HS AND WEAKMESSES ouR S1RENG D IDEN11FY y G coMES FIRS1 E M.t..KING A UVIN HAI\\ IS you VALUE F UNDERS1AND W
STEPITJ Now, think about what is important to you in life. lf you want a career that allows you to earn hi
2
2 After graduating from college, Tim became a lawyer. A turned out to be B went on to be C carne to be
4 \ta1J Choose the option A, B or C that is a translation of the Polish text in brackets and which correctly completes the gap.
•••
MB
Choose the option A, B or C that completes the gap in both sentences. The teacher tried to get the idea .„ . „ by using diagrams. A smile spread . „ ... Alan's face when he read his test results. A around B along C across
2 Don't forget to .. „ .. in your homework at the end of the class. Could you give me a „ . „ . with this maths problem? A help B submit C hand
Wykonywanie następnego ćwiczenia rozpocznij od uważnego przeczytania zdania. Zanim przeczytasz podane możliwości odpowiedzi, zastanów się nad wyrażeniami o tym samym znaczeniu, co wyróżnione w zdaniu fragmenty. Następnie przeczytaj podane odpowiedzi i wybierz właściwą.
~ Choose the option A, B or C that best replaces the word(s) in bold. Linda found it hard to study because of the noise outside. A didn't manage to study B had to study hard C had difficulty studying
właściwą. tak aby otrzymać logiczny i gramatycznie poprawny : tekst.
Do the reading task. Which words/phrases in the text helped you choose the correct headings? Explain the
3
I
Fiona passed the test (bez wcześniejszego uczenia się) for it. A except for studying B instead of studying C without having studied 2 When she was young, Olive (nie czytała) „ .... a lot. A didn't use to read B wasn't reading C wasn't used to reading
5
\!l!M
Complete the dialogues by choosing A, B or C. X: How did you do in the test?
Y:
················································
A I studied hard for it. B I did it yesterday. C Not very well, unfortunately. 2 X: Thanks for helping me with my homework. Y: „ ... „ .... „ .... „ . „ . „ „ ........ „ . A Don't mention it. B Maybe later. C Not to worry.
31
J'i·If i@fiij School subjects l 1
Match the activities to the subjects. Activities
Subject
ITD
[ID [I[] [![] ~ ~
[IT] [!IJ [IT] ~
maths history foreign language Polish language information technology (IT) art music science (physics, chemistry or biology) geography religious education (RE)
a learn theories and do experiments b learn to speak another language c solve problems with numbers d learn painting techniques e learn about important events of the past read literature from Poland g use and learn about computers h read maps learn about composers learn about different faiths
ITD The teacher sent John to the sick room. [ID Is the library open during lunch break? [I[] l'm going to go to the canteen. [![] Why are we going to the assembly hall? ~ There is a hockey pitch in the playing fields. ~ Excuse me, Sir! May I go ·to the toilet, please?
lrypes of school j
3
Choose the correct word. Tom went to a boarding/grammar school, so he only carne
home during the holidays. 2 I want my children to go to a comprehensive/single-sex school. I think it's better for boys and girls to learn separately. 3 My parents couldn't afford to send me to a public/ co-educational school. 4 I go to a grammar/language school in the evening to learn Spanish. 5 Harry goes to a secondary/specialist school that only teaches dance. 6 Vocational/lndependent schools prepare students for specific jobs rather than teach them academic subjects.
32
interactive, drama, health, playing, school, peer, lunch. You can borrow my rubber. lt is in
2 3
4
5
Match sentences a-f to sentences 1-6. Which of the places in
a There's also a football pitch and a running track. b My pen burst and I need to wash my hands. c He was feeling unwell in class. d I didn't eat breakfast and l'm. starving! e I need some information from a history book. The head teacher wants to announce something to the whole school.
In pairs, ask and answer the questions below.
Do you go to a state/private school? 2 Do you go to a co-ed school? 3 How many students are in your class? 4 How many subjects do you study?
Fill in: notice, pencil, Internet,
7
bold do you have in your school?
6
Collocations
4
6
IPlaces in school I 2
ISchool life l
8
my............. . . case. Did you read the test results on the board? I usually bring a sandwich to eat during ..... . break. The new computer lab has got a really fast . . ........... connection. · These are the ............. fi el ds of the school where students play sports. . .. pressure John felt „.......... from his friends to skip class. My history class is more interesting when the teacher uses a(n) .. „ .............. whiteboard. Derek wants to be a doctor, so he takes a keen interest in ........ „ . . . . . . .
[certificates
7
2
3
4
5
education at school. 9 I wake up at 7 every morning to catch the ..................... bus. 1O Our ....................... teacher helped us to organise the school play.
6
0
" Prepositions
5
8
each sentence.
5 studies to be successful. 6 John spent his afternoon for/about the maths exam. 7 Students are warned not to up/in late for class. 8 The teacher surprised the class handed over/out an exam paper.
Fill in with: ce1tificate, degree, clip/oma, qualifications, examinations, resu/ts. We sit our final inJune. When I get my university ... in medicine, 1'11 become a doctor. To get a good job, you'll need the right . .. .. ...... and work experience. You need a teaching ....... „ ......... . and an English degree if you want to become an English teacher. She received a(n) .. after completing the hairdressing course at the learning centre. My exam „ „ „ „ . . .. . . . „ ... will be out tomorrow.
9
Read the comments on a forum about exams. Fill in the gaps with: answers, confused, slayec/ up, detention, handed out, paper,
fe// as/eep, remember, revision.
I did the mock maths GCSE recently. I wasn't worried about the exam until the night before. 1left all my 1] ..... „ .. „ .................... . until the last moment, and then I realised I couldn't 2] ...... „ .......................... „.. the work we did last year. I 3) ......... „ ................ „ ....... „ all night cramming for the exam. The next morning, I went to school feeling tired. When the teacher 4 J ... „ ... „ ........ „ ....... „ . . . . . . . . . the exam paper, I could barely write my name and class number. lt was the longest two hours of my life. l've failed for sure! Leo, 16 Leo! A friend of mine didn't study enough for a French exam once. He was preparing for it the night before, but he 5] .... „ .......... „ .. at his desk. He woke up the next morning and couldn't remember how to say 'hello' in French. In the exam, the girl next to him was completing her question 6] ................. „ .......••• „ „ ... quickly. He copied her 7] . „ ...... „ „ „ ...•.. „ „ .. „ ... „ . exactly. The next day, his · French teacher told him there was a problem. He had answered 1 the questions to the Spanish exam. My friend was really i 8] .. „ „ ..........•.... „ ... „ ..•. „ . . Weil, it turned out that the French · and Spanish exams were held in the same room. Of course, he was given a fai I and two weeks of 9) .... „ „. „ .... „ „ ......... „ .. „... . Martin, 17
Useful phrases
Choose the correct preposition in
Caroline always makes an effort to arrive at school on/by time. 2 Students can miss a lot of work they are absent for/from school. 3 I have to hand in/on an essay Germany tomorrow morning. 4 lt is important to teach of/about world history.
I
>eams
Fill in with the right form of the verbs. • hand • write • cheat • get '"fall •run
2 3
4
5 6
He worked hard and a very good grade in physics. The deadline for .... „ ..•. „ .. „ . . . . . in our essays is next Friday. Tom was so tired after studying all night that he . „ .. „ .. „ . „ . . . . . asleep in class. The teacher asked us to . . . .a 500-word essay on the consequences of World War li. He was expelled from school for . . . „ •. „ . „ . „ . . . „ . in an exam. She ..................... out of time and couldn't complete the exam.
IE>etracurricular activities I 1OComplete the notices with these words/phrases: school band, book club, chess club, express yourself, literature, play an instrument, reading, sharpen your mind.
Do you enjoy novels:> Then join our fabulous . : ) ........ „ ........... l We meet tw1ce a month and talk about nothing but 3) .. „ .......................... ! I) ................. „
............ „
lf you
like challenging garnes that 4) ·································' why not join our 5) .................................? What will your next rnove be?
Wheth~r you 6)
„ .. „ „ ... „ „ „ .......... „ „ .. or simply enjoy singing alone at home, the 7) . „ „ „ „ „ „ „ .. „ „ „ „ . „ . „ .• could be the place for you! Join today and 8) „ ......... „ „ ........... „ „ ... like you've never dane before!
33
liftt§[email protected] Prawda/fałsz I
m.@@.IM Rozmowa wstępna I
1 ,Q, Read the rubric, then do the listening task.
3
L----------------------~ True
False
i-------
English children must start their education before the age of five. 2 Some schools in England cost no.ooo a year to attend.
mm
r-----~---------~ I Odpowiedz na pytania. B
r----------------------~ 1 ysłuchasz dwukrotnie rozmowy na : temat ro zajów szkół w Anglii. Na podstawie 1 usłyszanych informacji zdecyduj. które zdania są I zgodne z treścią.rozmowy (True). a które - nie (False ). : Wstaw znak X w odpowiedniej rubryce w tabeli.
Read the rubric and do the task.
L---------------~ 1 What is your favourite subject at school? Why? 2 Do you enjoy doing schoolwork on a computer? Why?/Why not? 3 Do you belong to any after-school clubs? Why?/ Why not? 4 Have you ever been late for class? Why? 5 Do you think you are given too much hornework? Why?/Why not?
ijSłJtłbp Odgrywanie roli
3 In England, students don't have to pay to go to state schools. 4 School children get a short holiday at the end of each school term. 5 In general, English children think school uniforms are a good idea.
4
~-~---·
l1@ttffi@oobieranie
I koszt dojazdu,
2 ,Q, Read the rubric, then do the listening task. r----------------------~ I \WśR Usłyszysz dwukrotnie wypowiedzi n I czterech oso'b na temat nauczania ' prze dm1otow . . 1 1 ścisłych w szkole. Przyporządkuj im zdania,
I 1
I wpisując odpowiednie litery (A-E) w kratki (1-4). I . 1 Jedno zdanie podane zostało dodatkowo i nie
I I 1 I
a ·pasuje do żadnej wypowiedzi.
a
~----------------------~ A The speaker explains why he dbesn't study science. B The speaker reviews a book about science. c The speaker gives advice to science teachers. D You can hear this announcement in a science museum. E We learn how to do an experiment.
Speaker 1 Speaker 2 Speaker 3 Speaker 4
I
L--------------------
MUSEUM Pros Cons pricey entrance fee in town - easy to get to relevant to major subjects not exciting enough for same students - hands-on exhibits tinng - on feet all day easy to organise NATURE TRIP outdoors - risk of bad opportunity to see vvildlife weather take photos & do a project cost of bus hire get fresh air and exercise
(Writinq Bank: /ist/e-mai/ prywatny)
1
boring for students from the countryside
,Q,
b) Listen to someone doing the task. Which trip do they select? What reasons do they give to support their opinion? What reasons do they give to reject the other
Read the rubric and answer the questions.
r--------------------------~ B Właśnie otrzymałeś/-aś wyniki egzaminu : I chcesz podzielić się tą wiadomością z przyjacielem/ przyjaciółką z Kanady. Napisz e-mall (80-130 wyrazów), w którym: • poinformujesz, który przedmiot zdałeś/-aś lub którego nie zdałeś/-aś I jak ważne jest to dla Ciebie, • • •
a) Read the rubric, then the tables of pros and cons.
b) Rewrite the opening and closing remarks with other appropriate phrases from the Useful Language box.
- E-mail prywatny
opiszesz swoją reakcję. gdy dowiedziałeś/-aś się o wyniku egzaminu,
Closing emails • Hope you can email me soon. • Let me know how you're doing. • I look forward to hearing from you/hearing your news. • Must go now /Got to go now. • l'm off to ... (the shops, etc.)
wyrazisz swoją opinię w kwestii, czy uczniowie w Twoim wieku powinni podchodzić do ważnych egzaminów, poprosisz przyjaciela/ przyjaciółkę o radę, jak należy przygotowywać się do egzaminów.
1-~-----------------------What are you going to write? 2 Who are you going to write to? 3 Which of the following should you include? " your career plans " your feelings when you read the result " how hard the exam was " your school routine " views about students sitting exams " what kind of school you attend • your exam result • a question about how you should get ready for exams 0 the consequences of your exam result " how strict your school is
2
Opening emails • How are things? • Are you well? • I hope everything's OK with you. • There's something I want to tell you about/to ask you. • l've had some good/bad news.
a) Read the model answer below.
life? l'm fine but I gat some bad news that I wanted to with you. my media studies exam ! As you know, I want to be a some day, so it was really disappointing. Now, 1'11 have resit the exam next month. Our teacher gave us back our yesterday. When I read the result I almost cried! it's unfair that we have to sit big exams anyway. lt's too for students my age. At this stage, we should be in a stress-free environment. you have any advice you could give me about how I can for the exam next month? Any tips you could share with would be great!
3 ~
a) Read the rubric.
mJ ;~e~i~śf~ś :z~o~
- - -
~
I chcesz o tym zawiadomić przyjaciela/ przyjaciółkę z Anglii. Napisz e-mail (80-130 wyrazów). w którym: poinformujesz, dlaczego musiałeś/ -aś zmienić szkołę i jak się w związku z tym czujesz, • wspomnisz o zaletach I wadach Twojej nowej szkoły, opiszesz jednego z nauczycieli, • poprosisz o radę, jak odnaleźć się w nowej szkole. b) In pairs brainstorm for ideas under these headings: WHY CHANGE SCHOOL
PROS AND CONS OF SCHOOL 1 DESCRIBE TEACHER ADVICE ON HOW TO FIT IN 1 c) Organise your ideas into paragraphs. Write your email.
c) Do the same task choosing the other
34
35
l1fMffiięJ Wybór wielokrotny I 1
i odpowiedzi na pytania
2
Read the rubric and the questions. What are the recordings about?
Look at the picture and then complete these sentences.
trzy nagrania. Z podanych odpowiedzi wybierz właściwą. : zgodną z treścią tekstu. Zakreśl 1 literę A. B lub C. „ ______________
a
I
B
Why can't the new student find her classroom? A Her timetable had incorrect information. B She was given an incomplete timetable. C She misread her timetable.
2 3 4 5 6
Recording 2
3 Now use your answers from Ex. 2 to describe the picture. r----=--=i:::m------"D 4 1 UD a) Opisz zdjęcie. 1
The picture was taken in a „ . . . . „ ... „ ... „ ........ „ ........ „ .•..... „ · · · ·· · · There are .. „ „ . . „ .. „ . „ .. „ . „ .. „ „ . „ .•. „ . . . young people. They are aged abo ut . „........ .. ... ... . ............. „. · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · They are wearing ..... „ ... „ „ ... „ „ ... They're looking at ... „ „ „ „ „ .. „ ... „ „ . „ „ They seem .............................................................. .
·-------------.u
2 The author had thought that ... A no one would catch him playing truant. B he would be caught playing truant eventually. C a classmate would expose his truancy. D his rugby coach wouldn't care about his truancy. 3 Why did the author decide not to give Mr Evans an excuse for his truancy? A because of Mr Evans's reputation B because he couldn't think of any C because he knew Mr Evans wouldn't believe him D because he felt too guilty to lieto Mr Evans 4 Mr Evans claimed he wouldn't tell the headmaster about Colin's truancy as long as ... A he didn't fail any of his exams. B he carne to rugby training every Friday. C he won all the rugby games he played in. D he carne to class on time every morning. 5 In the piece, the writer ... A encourages other students not to play truant. B recounts an event from his schooldays. C gives an account of his early sporting career. D describes his favourite school teacher.
Recording 3 .How can schools receive a free computer? A by entering a competition B by asking students' families to shop at a department store C by sending a letter to a department store
b)
aG1
Now listen to two people describing it. Who is
more succe~sful? Why? b) lmagine you are a new student in school like the speaker in the first recording. How do you feel? In three minutes write a few sentences. Tell the class.
D
:
The author spent most Friday afternoons ... C hiding in a field. A playing sports. B doing homework. D in class.
:
•I
The announcement is for students who ... A have returned from an excursion. B are planning to go on an excursion. C have chosen not to go on an excursion.
Read the rubric and the text. Do the task.
n L----------------------~
Recording 1
36
favourite? Why?
Przeczytaj tekst. Z podanych : odpowiedzi wybierz właściwą. zgodną z treścią 1 tekstu. Zakreśl literę A. B, C albo D.
1 I
1
1 ·Do you play sports at school? Which one is your
r----------------------~
r---------------. bI!t@ Usłyszysz dwukrotnie I I
~~
Wybór wielokrotny
2
1Q1 Now, listen and do the task.
r------------------------~
5 ~ JMfl ~~::e~z_:i:p:t:n~ ~o ~~t~~: :w:..4: ! Do you think these students are getting much work done? How easy do you find it to do homework? 3 Describe the last time you had a lesson outdoors. Was it enjoyable? Why?/\11/hy not?
2
had got into the habit of playing truant most Friday afternoons. I had managed to get away . with it so far because Friday afternoon was sports day ~ and my class was always split into two. One half went , to play rugby and the other went to play football. lt · was a simple matter to make both sports teachers believe I was with the other group. Usually., I spent the i afternoon sitting under an old oak tree in a field not far from the school grounds. I had chosen the spot mostly because I was certain it was the last place anyone would look for me. I was relaxing in the sun when, suddenly, I heard a deep voice behind me exclaim, "I suppose you thought you would get away with it forever, Colin!" 1leapt to my feet. lt was Mr. Evans, the rugby coach. "I . „ ahh ... I „.," I stuttered. I was so shocked at being discovered that I couldn't speak. Mr Evans was right; I hadn't expected this. "The thing that puzzles me is why someone who is so good at sport would want to miss PE class," said Mr Evans. "Would you care to explain what on earth is going on?" A number of excuses ran through my mind but I quickly rejected them all. lt was better to say nothing, apologise and hope for the best. After all, Mr Evans was known in school for being one of the more openminded teachers. ''l'm really sorry. lt won't happen again." Mr Evans eyed me closely. "You're right, Colin. ltf, won't. Because from now on 1'11 be keeping a close eye on you. You will be at rugby practice at 4 o'clock sharp every Friday afternoon without fail." "Yes, Sir." "Look, l'm not going to tell the Headmaster about this. But one more slip-up and he will be informed.\ Understand?" "Yes Sir. Thank you, Sir. 1'11 never miss class again, 1. promise." We walked back to school, talking about our favourite rugby teams as if ~othing had happened. From that day on, I never missed another class. And,, true to his word, Mr Evans never told anyone about my truancy. i;i
- Opis ilustracji
3
Explain the words in bold. At the end of the story, what made the writer not miss another class?
4
Fill in:
miss, play, schoo/, true, keep, deep.
„ „ •...... „ „ ...... „ truant 2 ....... „ ••......... grounds 3 ..... „ „ . „ . . . . . . . . . . . . to his word
5
4 5
..... „ „ „ „ „ „ .. voice .......... „ „ „ „ „ a close eye on 6 .... „ „ „ .. „ .. „ „ . a class
What makes a good teacher? In three minutes write a few sentences. Tell the class.
Matura Exam -
1
Przeczytaj trzy teksty. Spośród podanych odpowiedzi wybierz właściwą. zgodną z treścią tekstu. Zakreśl literę
2 aWB Usłyszysz dwukrotnie wypowiedzi czterech osób na temat zajęć dodatkowych. Przyporządkuj im pytania, które najlepiej podsumowują ich wypowiedzi, wpisując odpowiednie litery (A-E) w kratki (1-4). Jedno pytanie podane zostało dodatkowo i nie pasuje do żadnej wypowiedzi.
A. B. albo C.
Hi everybody! Come to the Downtown Club in Sheraton Street on Friday at 7 ,pm to celebrate the end of lessons and exams! lt's a big venue, so everyone from our year is welcome. The event will include music and a buffet. To get there from school, take the first turning on the left after the station. See you there ! Peter Gregson (Year 6 Class President)
A The speaker explains why he/she had to give up an extracurricular activity. B The speaker states the benefits of doing extracurricular activities. c The speaker complains about the extracurricular activities in his/her school. D You can hear this announcement in a classroom. E We learn about an extracurricular activity that a school has cancelled.
The author of the text ... A requests help to organise an event. B gives a review of a music event. C invites his classmates to a music event.
.~!!!;::::,::,;;;,:;:;,~;~~"';~~""1""""'·"·'''""'''2."wPPii.~n:;e~y··~S.~ummer School
Speaker 1 Speaker 2 Speaker 3 Speaker 4
3
Przebywasz na kursie języka angielskiego za dla Ciebie zbyt trudne I chcesz porozmawiać ze swoim nauczycielem o dodatkowej pomocy w nauce. W rozmowie uwzględnij następujące kwestie:
granicą. Zajęcia są
co jest dla Ciebie najtrudniejsze, co chcesz osiągnąć.
różne rodzaje dodatkowej pomocy.
jakiej pomocy oczekujesz od nauczyciela.
is for students who ...
A are about to start university. B have failed their university entry exams. C want to study before their last year at school.
- Opis ilustracji i odpowiedzi na pytania
Odpowiedz na
. .
?
pytania.
How do you spend your time at school outside lesson time? 2 What do you think Polish schools do well? 3 What do you think Polish schools don't do well? 4 Would you like to go to university? Why/Why not?
E-mail prywatny
6
"Time's up every „ ' one. Most student . exam hall ignored their • . s rn the b~t feel a little depressed He looked around and scribbled same finał steenacther s rnstructions hrm o · to k~e es?rte the promises everyone had made ences. "Im · - drop your pens' „ M R b . ean 1t t' hp in. touch, he knew this woufd be last · r o erts said 'th authority. lt was oni w1 more im~ e saw same of his friends. „ Let's go ~ f' . y then that Geor or rea rsed the s1gnificance of the ge a nice meal t congratulate ourselves! „ Tim I moment As h. said, rnterruptrng his thoughts "v ft . c assmates sighed with relief, he could~'t hel; long · 'es, a er s1x years, we deserve it'" . . George rep 1red.
poniższe
(Writing Bank: listle-mai/ prywatny)
last Day
38
Przyjrzyj się zdjęciom 1, 21 3. Zamierzasz napisać artykuł o swojej szkole do gazetki szkolnej ukazującej się w języku angielskim. • Wybierz zdjęcie, które według Ciebie najlepiej zilustruje artykuł. • Wyjaśnij, dlaczego odrzucasz pozostałe zdjęcia.
Odgrywanie roli . final ear of secondary school? Are you approachmg your h y ults you need to get into 't get t e res . . d me time at Piney Summe1 Worned that you won university? Then why not s~~:o\ ss~udents stay on campus for School ! At Pmey summer S two subjects to study. We two-week sessions and choo~e and accommodation facilities have state-of-the-art classroo I I activities including table of after-sc 100 . and offer a range t head before the school yea1 tennis and hockey. want to ge a toda 1 starts? Then apply to [email protected] y.
3 How did George feel after the exam was B excited C sad A relieved
5
Wypowiedź na podstawie materiału stymulującego
Why do you think the students and teacher are gathering around the computer? 2 In what ways do you think computers in schools help you to learn? 3 When did you first start using computers at school and why?
Studiujesz w Anglii. Pożyczyłeś/-aś od kolegi/ koleżanki podręcznik do przeczytania w czasie wakacji. Niestety zgubiłeś/-aś go w czasie podróży do Polski. Napisz e-mail (80-130 wyrazów), w którym: • wyjaśnisz, że zgubiłeś/-aś książkę i opiszesz. jak do tego doszło, • przeprosisz za zaistniałą sytuację I zaproponujesz rekompensatę.
• zapytasz kolegę/koleżankę. jak minął mu/jej weekend, • zaproponujesz spotkanie na kawę w nadchodzącym tygodniu.
39
Prepositions
1
6
Match the pictures (1-12) with the words (A-L).
A mechanic B gardener C postman D chef E carpenter F scientist G receptionist H builder I hairdresser · J cashier K teacher L lawyer
reference
Add a suffix to the verbs in the list to make names of jobs, changing the spelling if necessary. Use the words to fill in the sentences (1-10). • bake • clean • mine music • beauty • translate • account • electric • act • farm 0
IT[]
CTIJ
[ID @TI
-ant -ian -er -or
[ITJ [![] [IO [![]
A(n) .... „ •... „ „ ...•. „ .......•.... chan ges written words from one language into another. 2 A(n) „ .. „ „ . „ •. „ „ „ . „ „ ... „ „ .. „ „ . works underground to remove coal, gold, etc. plays a role in a 3 A(n) . „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ . film, play, etc. 4 A(n) „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ . „ .... „ .. „ . „ . keeps or checks the financial records of a company or person. s A(n) „ „ . „ „ „ „ „ „ „ : •. „ . • . . . „ . „ .. „ grows crops or keeps animals. 6 A(n) „ . „ „ . „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ . „ „ „ „ „ „ . fixes problems with electrical wires, etc. 7 A(n) „ „ „ . „ . „ „ „ „ . „ „ „ „ .. „ „ uses creams, make-up, etc to improve a person's appearance. 8 A(n) „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ . „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ mak es bread, cakes, etc and sells them in a shop. 9 A(n) „ „ „ „ „ „ „ . „ „ „ „ „ . . . tidies other people's houses, offices, etc. 1o A(n) „ „ „ „ „ „ „
„ „ „„„. „. „.
plays a musical instrument
very well.
3
40
vacancy interview promotion contract
application
" Word formation
2
9
~security ~ police
I woufd fike to be a /awver but I wouldn 't like lu be
,
L7
/Jwfcle1
driver fighter assistant inspector agent designer g worker h guard officer agent
a b c d e
· Useful phrases
5
2 3 4 5 6 7
Look at the jobs in Exs. 1 and 2. Which one would/wouldn't you like to do? Tell the class.
shop social lorry interior estate fi re travel ticket
8
Fill in with: we/I-paid, manuał, part-time, poorlypaid, full-time, menia/, temporary, permanent. Keith is employed on a .„ „ „ „ „ .. „ „ . leave the company in January. Lisa decided to work less hours and look up „ „ ..... position in a shop. Jane has a „ „ „ „ „ „ „ . „ „ job in the restaurant; she does is wash dishes. Philip has a „ „ „ . „ . .. „ job, so he can afford to buy an expensive car. Mike prefers doing work farm to sitting in an office. Pam has a „ „ „ „ „ . „ .. „ „ „ . job in the company hopes to work there until she retires. Jenny's job at the supermarket is so she sometimes has difficulty paying her rent. I am looking for a „ „ „ . „ . „ „ ..... „ „ „ position requires me to work 9-5 five days a week.
letter about you written by your farmer employer job that is available for someone to do letter asking somebody to employ you move to a higher position in a company an agreement in writing stating the details of your · employment a meeting with an applicant to find out if they are suitable for a job a letter stating that you have decided to leave your job a document that lists your qualifications, job experience, etc
7
Choose the correct preposition.
Match the definitions (a-h) to the words (1-8).
Fill in with: pension, pay, expenses, salary, benefit,
bonus, wage. Ken earns a monthly „ „ „ . „ „ „ •. „ . „ „ „ „ . of f1 ,200. 2 The company pays for all of George's travel
David has been out/over of work for over a year. 2 Laura works from/for a company that makes sports equipment. 3 The workers decided to go on/for strike after their boss refused to increase their wages. 4 What does Chris do with/for a living? 5 Paula is on/in unemployment benefit until she can find a new job. 6 Henry hopes to start a career by/in journalism. 7 Mr Jones is off/on sick today. 8 The customer asked to see the person in/over charge. · 9 Fred applied to/for a job as a software designer. 1O Frank is a mechanic in/by profession.
lweird jobsl
1OMatch the weird jobs (A-F) to the activities (1-6). Tell your partner what each person does.
QI] [ID
0:J
get sawn in half wear a huge advertisement analyse animals' minds
[![]
[ITJ [![]
cultivate a festive decoration s.tand in one position display jewellery
3 The employer offered a „ „ of E400 a week. 4 The unemployment „ „ „ „ „ „ . „ „ „ „ . „ . that Ben receives will help him until he finds a new job. 5 Each worker received a Christmas „ „ . „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ . because the company had a very successful year. 6 After working at the company for 5 years, Rachael asked her boss for a „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ . rise. 7 After Ted retired, he began receiving a „ „ . „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ from the government.
° Co//ocations
8
Match the words to form collocations.
[!I]
training
CIT] [!C] [IT]
cover dress time long employment vacant
m=J self-
[TI] [2IJ ~
off employed position agency letter co de g session h hours
a b c d e
A human statue stands in one position for a long time.
(~)See Vocabulary Bank on p. 192)
41
Wybór wielokrotny
Describe the picture. What do you think the people are doing? Read the text to find out.
2
·------------------d A FUTURE JOB OPPORTUNITIES B QUALITIES YOU SHOULD POSSESS
[!I] Every year, the Centre for Alaskan Coastal Studies (CACS) in Homer, Alaska hires three people to lead educational programmes for children, school groups and visitors to Alaska during summer. In addition to teaching the public about Alaskan coastal ecology in education sites around the Homer Bay area, environmental educators maintain coastal hiking trails, look after aquariums containing endangered species, and help with research projects in the world-renowned Peterson Bay Coastal Science Field Station. ~ Although beneficial, no work experience in education or environmental work is required for these positions. However, all applicants should have an interest ,_in marine and forest ecology, be in good physical
3
condition, and environmental willingness to conditions and
be able to work as part of a team. Past educators have also noted that a live and work in challenging weather rura! surroundings is important.
m=J Employees will receive a sal ary of $1,300-$1, 500
per month (the exact amount will depend on the age and experience of the candidate), with the centre also running Free a system of performance-related bonuses. accommodation and meals will be provided for the length of the contract. Also, successful American candidates who live outside Alaska will have their flights to and from Anchorage paid for by the centre.
[![]
lnterested applicants should scan and email a handwritten cover letter, a printed CV, and contact details for three professional references to [email protected]. Posta! applications can be sent to CACS, PO Box 225, Homer, AK 99603. There is no strict application deadline. Applications will be reviewed as the are received until all three positions are filled by earl March, 2013. Phone interviews be conducted with a short-listed candidates.
Choose the correct word.
He leads/carries a programme for disabled people. 2 Pandas are endangered/extinct animals. We need to take 3 4 5 6
care of them. No previous experience is required/demanded. Athletes need to be in good natural/physical condition. All applications will be inspected/reviewed very carefully. The company wants to fill/load the vacant position with an
experienced candidate. 7 They conduct/manage all interviews in their headquarters in Los Angeles. 8 He worked well as piece/part of the team.
42
\fll!.IlTfl!J/
·--------------------------d ·Ile 111teruiew of tlłe f ut11re
I Przeczytaj tekst. Do każdej części I tekstu (1-4) dopasuj nagłówek (A-F) i wpisz : w każdą i
F THE APPLICATION PROCESS
A, B or C that best replaces the word(s) in bold.
Przeczytaj tekst. Z podanych odpowiedzi wybierz I 1 : właściwą. tak aby otrzymać logiczny i gramatycznie poprawny 1 tekst. Zakreśl literę A. B albo C. :
Read the rubric, then do the task. Compare with your partner. r------------------~
OUTIES YOU WILL CARRY OUT BENEFITS YOU CAN EXPECT E WHERE TO FINO ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
3 ~ Choose the option
r~~--------------~---------~
I
c o
I
ese days, people are more 1) „ „ „ to move away from their ho mes find jobs than in the past. 2) „ .. „ that when companies advertise . ś, they often receive applications from candidates living hundreds miles away from the company's headquarters. But what if it's not ssible for these candidates to travel long distances to attend faceh .. -face interviews? That's where videoconferencing comes in. Using programs such as Skype, candidates and interviewers can speak to each other and see each other on their laptop screens. lt allows 'employers to see the interviewee face-to-face and get a better 3) „ „ „ of their suitability for the job than they wo uId from reading a CV or having a phone interview. But Skype interviews are very different from face-to-face interviews and present candidates with a IAJhole new set of challenges. For one, candidates need to prepare ·their surroundings. For example, it wouldn't be a good idea 4) ... „ . a.ń untidy kitchen in the background. Also, it's very important to prepare your computer for the interview. Close any programs you are not .?sing and make sure no one 5) „ •..• is sharing your Internet connection. The last thing you want to do is keep repeating 'Can you ear me now?' to ur future rh!Jloyer. A alike A These mean A idea A having A other
B likely B This means B thought B to be having B extra
c c c c c
like Those meant belief to have else
\tmmł'/ Choose the option A, B or C that completes the gap in both sentences.
4
Would you like to apply for a summer job with the Centre? Why/Why not? In three minutes write a few sentences. Read them to the class.
The manager tried to come „ „ „ with ideas to increase sal es. Susan walked „ „ „ to the manager's desk and introduced herself. A out B in c up 2 lt was difficult for Andy to „ „ „ attention during the meeting. You can „ „ „ for items in this shop by cash or credit card. B pay C give A buy
The office printer is broken again. B out of time A out of order C out of control 2 Will you be able to attend the meeting tomorrow? A Can you make it to B How will you get to C When will you arrive at
Podczas rozwiązywania następnego zadania jest, aby nie tłumaczyć słowo w słowo fragmentu zdania podanego w języku polskim. Należy zastanowić się nad sensem całego wyrażenia i wybrać najbliższy mu odpowiednik w języku angielskim. ważne
4 \tmmł'f Choose the option A, B or C that is a translation of the Polish text in brackets and which correctly completes the gap. Why don't you (spróbujesz ubiegać się) „ „ „ for a job at the newspaper? A try applying B try to apply C be trying to apply 2 Which candidate do you think is (najbardziej odpowiedni) „ „ „ for the job? A the right one B the best choice C the most suitable
5
W
Complete the dialogues by choosing A, B or C. X: Thanks for writing the report, Alan. Y:
„ „ „ . „ . „ . „ .. „ „ . „ „ „ „ . „ „ . „ „ . „ „ „ „
A That's what l'm here for. B 1'11 have it ready soon. C What should it be about? 2 X: How was your interview this afternoon, Laura? Y: ·················································
A lt went very well. B I felt OK. C lt's not worth it.
43
4
h•lf1@6'\j Jobs I 1
Read the questions and choose the correct word. Then use the questions to talk with your
Who says what? Match the jobs 1-8 to the sentences a-h.
g
"I interview people and write articles for a newspaper." "lt's my job to organise fu nera Is." "I work in a hospital and perform operations on people." "I drive a truck and collect the rubbish from bins in the street." "I can repair broken water pipes in your kitchen or bathroom." "I work in an ambu lance and help people who are hurt." "My job involves designing new
h
buildings." "I fly planes."
a
QI]
plumber
~ journalist
II[] [![]
m=:J
dustman
b c d
undertaker surgeon
e
~ paramedic
l2IJ
pilot
~ architect
2
6
partner. Are you interested in a career/ living in business? WhyNVhy not? 2 Have you ever had a part-time/ permanent job during your holidays? What did you do? 3 Which do you think is more irnportant in a job, mc:1kiria/,ear·nir1aJ a high salary or enjoying your 4 At what age do people retire/ promote in your country? 5 Is there high resignation/ unemployment in your country?
5
Fili in with: interviews, working,
1 Harry is a member of his country's army. (soldier/politician)
A: Hi Bill. Did you see the 1) 8:
A: 8:
A: 8:
A:
instructor) 5 Kenneth takes care of the exhibits in a museum. (museum controller/museum curator) 6 Mary has a job in a government department. (civil worker/civil servant)
~ 3
What qualities does each of the jobs below require? Use the jobs in box A and the adjectives/expressions in box B to discuss with your partner. Try to use at least three adjectives/ · expressions to describe each job.
0 •secretary • fashion designer • private investigator • labourer • computer programmer • hotel receptionist • security guard • interpreter • insurance agent • • • •
44
imaginative • knowledgeable • reliable • creative able to meet deadlines • efficient • ambitious good with people • easygoing • communicative • highly motivated • persuasive • able to do manual
A secreta1y needs to be knowledgeab/e, r~liable and communicative
Are you looking for a(n) 1) „.„„„„„ .. „ „ ... „, job during your school holidays? Then w not work as a junior librarian at Ke Library. We've got five 2) „„.„„„.„„ ...... „ to fill and will be accepting 3) „ ......... „ .... . · forms from students aged 15-1 4) .„.„„ .„ .. „ „ ..... „„. „ „ „ experience is required, so 5) ...... „.„„ ... „ ... „ „ ... „. inio library and 6) ... „ ...... „„„.„.„„„ .. „ for position today. 7) ..... „ „ .„„ „ .„ .... „ ... „. begin on 16th May.
8
Read the advert of an online recruitment agency and fill in the gaps with the correct form of the verbs: start, work, do, offer, look, run, meet.
C)
2 Carol is in a high position in a company and makes important decisions. (executive/developer) 3 Steven gives tickets to people who have parked their cars illegally. (traffic inspector/traffic warden) 4 Pamela teaches people how to drive. (driving assistant/driving
Verb phrases
• perks • owner • five-day • job • offering • training • pay • generous • working • get
drop, previous, vacancies, app/y, temporary, team, storting, application, successful, naraw
Read about the people and choose the correct word in bold.
Bill is discussing the jobs in Ex. 5 with his friend, Andy. Fill in the correct words from the list. Which job does Bill decide to apply for? Why?
A:
„„ .
adverts in yesterday's newspaper? Yes, l'm especially interested in the position at the library and the job at Primo Cafe. I called both places yesterday to 2) „. . . „ „ „ „ „ .. „ „ „. some more information. Really? So, what are the 3) hours for the library job? lt didn't say in the paper. lt's from 9-5, Monday to Friday. I also asked about the 4) „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ ; they are 5) . „ „ „ .. „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ f7 per hour. That's not bad! Also, the library will organise a(n) 6) . session for new workers. But the cafe 7) „ „ „ . „ „ „ „ „ . „ „ „ „. said the job there is very simple, so I wouldn't need any training. That's good. Also, there would be a lot of 8) „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ . with the cafe job! You would probably get free cups of coffee and snacks as well as some 9) „ „ „ „ „ „ . „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ . tips. Yes, that's true. But at least I would learn sornething at the library, even though it would be tiring to work a(n) 1O) „ „ „ „ „ „ „ .. „ „ .. „ .... „. „. week. Yes, you're right. Good luck then, Bill. „
Your Internet way to a job! Are you tired of l ) ..... „„.„ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „. under pressure? Would you like to 2) „ . „ . „ „ „ . „ „ . „ „ „ „ „ „ „ your own business? Are you 3) „ „ „ „ . „ „ „ „ „ „ . „ „ „ . „ . for a fulfilling job? Forget about 4) „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ . „ „ „ „ „ „ . „ overtime or 5) „ „ „ •. „ . „ . „ „ . „ . „ „ „ „ .• tight deadlines. You can 6) „ „ „ .. „ „ . „ „ „ . „ . „ .•••.•• a new career now. Just register with Jobfinde1:corn. • We 7) „ „ „ „ „ . „ •. „ „ „ „ .„„. „. thousands of new jobs worldwide. •
'LTake a few minutes to sign up. We can be the key to your success! ----·--·····-----------------------------·· ---
lweird jobs
9 Read Bill's letter of application to the library and fill in the gaps with the words: enclose, recent,
apply, fina/, attend, carried, get, organisationa/, sense.
We guarantee competitive salaries and excellent working conditions.
I
Match the weird jobs: flavour designer, wax figure maker, pet sitter, golf ba/I diver, mystery shopper, life manager, bodyguard, furniture tester to the sentences describing them. You organise a person's everyday activities.
pear Sir/Madam,
_
Waiter/Waitress Wanted at Primo Caf
We need a(n) 8) ......................... „ person to work weekends in our bu cafe in Prince Street. The 9) ........................... candidate will part of a(n} 10) ....................... „ .. of five weekend workers and will work frorn 5 pm to 1O pm on Saturday a Sunday evenings. We guarantee saf and comfortable 11) „ „ „ . „ „ ... „ „ ..... . conditions and a(n) 12) .. „ . „ „ „ „ . „ „ „ wage of f5 per hour. Please call 09 2323456 for more information.
~oul.d like to 1) „ „ „ „ ... „ „ . „ „ „ .. „ ... „ .. for the post of Junior '.branan at Kent Library. ~rn eighteen years old and next term I will begin my ,.„.„ ....... „.„ ... „.„ ...... year at Kent Secondary School. CłV~ some 3) „ ... „ ........ „ ........ „ „ .. „ experience working in ~anes as I worked in my sc~ool library last year. ) :..•.. „„.„„ .. „ „ ... „ .... „ .. out a vanety of duties including mg s~udents find books for their projects. I am a very mg person and I have excellent 5) .. „ ... „.„ ..... „„.„ .. · 1also have a good 6) .... „ ...... „ ... „ .. „.„ ....... of humour always 7) .............. „ •. „ „ .... „ on well with my workmates. uld be very happy to 8) .. „ „ ..... „ .... „ .„.„„ .. „ an interview. :····„ ......... „ .. „ ........ „ .... a CV and a reference from my 1ous employer. rs faithfully, Kingston
2 You make sure a person is safe from danger at all times. „ .. „ ......... „ .. „ „ „ . „ . 3 You visit shops and judge lmw well you are treated as a customer. „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „. „ „ „ 4 You work with chemicals to recreate the tastes of foods ......... „ „ „ „ „ „ ... „ „ „ 5 You take care of a dog, cat, etc when its owner is away... „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ . 6 You mould materia! into human shapes. 7 You dive into a pond at the golf course to pick up stray bal Is. „ .. „ „ ........ „ „ „ „ .. „. 8 You sit or lie on chairs, beds, etc and test how comfortable they are. „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „
(~)See Vocabulary Bank on p. 192)
45
l§t•@t§.lftl Rozmowa wstępna I 1
Read the rubric, then underline the key words in statements 1-5.
3
1
„ .•. .•. .• ·...·. ·.· ·.·.··• .· .·...
At what Do ageyou do think people start Why?/ working Poland? it isnormally too young? not? Do you think people over the age of 65 shoulcl 2 made to retire? Why?/V'Jhy not? 3 Is it easy to find a job in Poland? Why?/Why 4 Would you ever consider doing volunteer Why?/Why not? 5 \/\/hat would be your dream job? Why? 1
zdania (1-5) są zgodne z jego treścią B : (TRUE), a które nie (FALSE). Zaznacz : 1 znakiem X odpowiednią rubrykę w tabeli. I
D
a.--- ------ ---- ____ . ______ True
False
James says being a pastry chef is far from easy. 2 James studied for a science degree before he became a chef. 3 The hours of work discourage some people from becoming a pastry chef. 4 Rol.and Mesnier only missed preparing the White House dessert twice in 25 years. 5 James recommends gaining same work experience before you do formal training.
ijf.@fłbp Odgrywanie roli 4
Do the listening task.
A The speaker advertises positions in a company. B The speaker describes his/her work routine. c The speaker explains why he/she chose his/her current job. D This announcement is for new Speaker 1 supermarket workers. Speaker 2 E We learn that there is a lack of Speaker 3 jobs in a certain industry. Speaker 4
~
W rozmowie z kolegą/koleżanką uwzględnij . poniższe kwestie: 1 I
spodziewane wynagrodzenie,
I I I
powód szukania pracy,
rodzaj preferowanej pracy.
·-----------------~-b)
r----------------------~ I ~ Usłyszysz dwukrotnie wypowiedzi I
. : czterech osób na temat ich zawodów. Przyporządkuj : I im zdania, wpisując odpowiednie litery (A-E) I : w kratki (1-4). Jedno zdanie podane zostało : 1 dodatkowo i nie pasuje do żadnej wypowiedzi. I ~----------------------„
--
I I
B
1Ga Listen to Brad doing the task. Why does he need a job 7
5
Replace the underlined phrases in the email in Ex. 1 with the phrases below. • found out about the position • was a success • l'm too tired • let you know • it's two storey's tall
Read the rubric and then the model. Match the headings to the paragraphs.
Niedawno zacząłeś/zaczęłaś pracę na część etatu w charakterze sprzedawcy w sklepie odzieżowym. Napisz e-mail (80-130 wyrazów) do kolegi/koleżanki z Anglii, w którym: • poinformujesz, jak dostałeś/-aś tę pracę. • wspomnisz, jak wygląda sklep i jakie są Twoje obowiązki, • przedstawisz pozytywne i negatywne aspekty tej pracy. " poprosisz adresata/-kę o radę. na co przeznaczyć zarobione pieniądze. sezonową
3
Proofread the opening and closing paragraphs of the email below. Check for correct punctuation, spelling and word order.
o·o Hi alex, How have you bin? l'm writing to let you know about a job advertisement I saw in the newspaper local. I think its exactly what you've been for looking. Let me know if you're interested. The closing date for applications is 18nd September. I think its to good to miss! Talk sun,
a) Read the rubric. VVhat kind of part-time would you be looking for?
znaleźć pracę na pół etatu na czas wakacji.
B
l1ftd1@1.ł@ Dobieranie I
I
~\tiiiJ- ~;c~:i;r:k:z~o~; ~=~ :
2
r--------------~------~
L
r-----------------~ \l~!J;rJ Usłyszysz dwukrotnie wywiad I 1 1 z kucharzem. Na,,..podstawie informacji 1 I 1 zawartych w nagraniu zdecyduj. które a
46
1
Read the rubric and do the task.
.---------------sin Odpowiedz na pytania. 1 ----------.--.u
{ \ Do the 1·1stenmg . tas k. 11.191
2 1Q1
E-mail prywatny (Writing Bank: list!e·mail prywatny)
A Ask i~ B is looking ~ Respond Ask for reason
~ Explain the
~ working.
Ask what job B is . thinking of doing.
/
Make an alternativZ
ex~erience you have. Rejed the and give the
1ed1:>v1·1p,•.,s1Y11
~Give A a figure.
Ask B what they will doLTell A. with the money.
Read the rubric and underline the key words. What do you have to write?
·--------------------\tl!m
Twoi rodzice otworzyli niedawno której pracujesz podczas weekendów. Napisze-mail (80-130 wyrazów) do kolegi/koleżanki z Anglii, w którym: • poinformujesz. gdzie znajduje się kawiarnia i jak wygląda jej wnętrze, • wspomnisz o wydarzeniach, które towarzyszyły otwarciu kawiarni, • napiszesz, co lubisz. a czego nie lubisz w pracy w kawiarni, • poprosisz adresata/-kę o radę, jakie przekąski 1 powinny być sprzedawane w kawiarni. I kawiarnię, w
---------------------~
5
Mention one or options and say
suggestion. / Ask B what they expect to earn.
l'm writing to tell you same good news. I found a job as a parttime sales assistant in a clothes shop! ITI] I read about the iQR in an ad in the newspaper. My interview went well and I started work last Monday. The shop is called Trends. lt's in a busy street and it's qot two floors. I work in the men's department, mostly doing transactions on the till. I really enjoy the job and all my workmates are friendly. On busy days, though, it's really tiring. ~"-"'-":....:.:.O"--'=-~.;:t.L. to go out in the evenings. Next week, l'm getting my first wages. What do you think I should spend my money on? Let me know in your next email !
m:J
Follow the plan to act out your dialogue.
for a JOb
Hi Leonard,
ITIJ How are things?
A B C D
positives & negatives of job opening remarks, reason for writing ask for advice about wages, closing remarks how got job, description of shop & duties
Write your email. When you finish your piece of writing, proofread it. Check for: • • •
punctuation mistakes spelling mistakes syntax mistakes (word order) Then check if you have included all points in the rubric.
47
J1ł!t§dffll@ 1
Wybór wielokrotny
I
Read the rubric, then read the question stems below and the options. What is each recording abo ut?
- Opis ilustracji i odpowiedzi na pytania
2
a) Look at the picture and answer the questions.
~I \Wj .C"sfys~: ;w:i:;o:n~ ~I trzy nagrania. Z podanych odpowiedzi wybierz właściwą. : zgodną z treścią tekstu. Zakreśl I literę A, B lub C.
1 I
1 I
:
„ ______________ „I
Recording 1 Sarah believes that Bill will get the job because of his ... A appearance. B education. C personality. Recording 2 The speaker ... A has not worked for the company before. B is working in the branch on a temporary basis. C replaced a person who has retired. Recording 3 You can hear this announcement in a ... A . secondary school. „ B university. C homeless shelter.
,Q,
2 3 4 5
b) Do the listening task. Compare your answers to your partner's. Which recording does the picture be low match?
Where was the picture taken7 How many people are there in the picture7 What are they doing7 What are they wearing7 How are they feeling? b) Use your answers to describe the picture. Use the phrases below. • This picture shows „. • In the background we can see „. • The weather is „. • The people are „. • They are weadng „ • I think th~y are „. • They must be feeling „.
3
Answer the questions.
What do you think could go wrong in this rescue operation 7 2 Why do you think people choose to become rescue workers7 3 Have you ever been in or heard about a rescue situation7 Wha happened7
48
2
Read the rubric, then do the task.
The picture shows a firefighter. What do you think a typical work day is like for him? arry pulled into the fire station car park and rubbed his eyes. He wasn't used to being up so rly - most days he worked the evening shift - but ay he had agreed to help out Mike, a morning-shift rker, who wanted to attend his son's graduation. ke would work Harry's shift in the evening. pite his tiredness, Harry was pleased to getto work ly. Today the firefighters were voting to decide ther to take strike action or not and Harry was er to hear the views of his colleagues. On the one nd, he agreed with the strike: their wages were low p doing dangerous work. On the other hand, he ew that every effort was made, in terms of training d equipment, to make the job as safe as possible. d ·the short working hours meant most workers .u.Id comfortably work another job. Harry himself rked part-time as a car mechanic. "Morning, rry," said Mervyn, the dispatcher. "Big day today." rry saw that nearly everyone was chatting about the te as they got changed into their work clothes. !the shift met in what they called the dining room. re. the supervisor told them their duties for the day. arry, you and Nigel go to North Street School to e the usual fire safety talk. Make sure, though, that .\.l're back here by one to vote," explained Bob, the pęrvisor. Harry nodded and picked up the leaflets. el walked up behind him. "Hi, Harry. Is that ~rything we need7" "Yes, I think so." Harry replied. · "What do you think, Nigel? How are you going to vote today7" "Definitely 'No'. I don't see how I can do anything else when the hours here allow me to have two other jobs. What about you?" he asked. "Weil, I don't like the idea of putting the public in danger while we strike." "Great minds think alike, Harry! Come on - let's go and get something to eat before we go to the school."
Harry was working the morning shift because ... A he wanted to take part in the vote. B a colleague asked him to swap shifts. C he had to attend an event later in the day. D he had asked to change shifts permanently. 2 The firefighters were considering strike action because they felt . A they were not being paid enough. B they were not getting enough training. C their shifts were too long. D they did not have the correct safety equipment.
3 The supervisor directed Harry to ... A distribute leaflets about the vote. B check the fire safety equipment at a local school. C educate students about the dangers of fire. D organise the vote at the fire station. 4
Harry and Nigel will ... vote against the strike. vote for the strike . not take part in the vote. vote against each other.
A B C D
5 In the text, the writer ... A gives an account of a normal day in the life of a fire fighter. B expresses sympathy with the life of fire fighters. C describes a rnan's difficulty in coming to a decision. „ D narrates the events of a fi re fighters' strike.
49
IStages of life I
MM!iitil•~
Family mem bers
1
'Leisure activities
8
3 Fill in the verbs in their correct form:
a) Look at Lisa's family tree
comb, wear,
word. How many generations are in this tree?
..---------a....
QI]
1 I always „„„„„„ „„ a shower after I go jogging.
[TI]
2 The dentist advised Ted to „ „ „ „. „. „ „ „ his teeth
m::J
twice a day. 3 Every evening, Sue . „ „ „. „ „ „ „ „ her hair 1OO times
@TI
before she goes to bed. 4 Helen usually „. „. „ „ „ „ „ „ perfume when she
[TI]
~
C?I::::J
do meet
a the Internet photographs
b
surf
c gymnastics
read
d jogging
collect
e
play
5 Rachael . „. „. „ „. „. „ her fingernails around three times a week. 6 Steve vvants to grow a beard, so he hasn't „.„„„„„„„. for the last few days.
a novel a musical instrument
go
~ take
goes to work.
o
Match the words to make collocations. Which of these do you do in your free time?
brush, shave, have, cut.
and choose the correct
I
g
friends
h
stamps
IHolidays & celebrations I 9
a) Read the forum discussion and
fill in the
cake, church, traditiona/, boiled, cards, bunnies, speech, decorations.
words:
Verb phrases Choose the correct word.
'I
i
I
Pamlo's Blog
A
He started school. B He went to university. C He gat married. D He started work. E He had children.
il
This is Usa's family tree. Lisa and her 1) brother/nephew, Joseph, grew up in London. Their 2) mother/daughter, Samantha, is a doctor and
4
4) parents/partners were at work, Lisa and Joseph's Harry
eousin called Suzanne. However, Lisa's 7) aunt/niece, Jane, and her 8) brother-in-law/husband, Shane, live in New York so Lisa and Suzanne don't know each other .• very well. Lisa is now married to Paul and they've got a . young 9) grandson/son, Mark. Joseph got married last month, so now Keira is Lisa's 10) sister-in-law/sister.
b) Create your own family tree and describe it to your partner.
2
Fill in: anty child, uncle, ex-wife, nieee, great-grandfather, twins. Your aunt's husband is yo ur ..... „ ... „ ... „. „ .... „ „ .. „ .... „ .. „ „ „. „
2
Your female cousin is your mum and dad's „„„„„„„ „„„„„ „„„„ .
3 A wo man someone u sed to be married to is his „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „. „ .. 4 A chi Id without brothers or sisters is a(n) „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „. „ „. „ „ „ ..
5 Two brothers or sisters bom on the same day are 6
50
Yo ur mother's grandfather is your
„
„
„
„
„„„„
„
„
„ „ „ „. „. „ „ „ „ „. „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „.
.
6) take/ move out the rubbish, so that the rest
Posted: 12 Nov, 2013 1:14 pm
After my shower, I 3) take/have breakfast with lots of Complete the dialogue with the
fruits and cereals. Alter that, I 4) do/clean the
pregnant, c/assmates, job, married, single, fiance, engaged.
Ellen, looked atter them. Lisa also has a 6) sister/
laundry, 5) hoover/mop the carpets and
1) wake/come up at 5:30 am.
etimes, I 2) staynie in for a few minutes, but never too
words:
and
Hi everyone. I was just wondering what everyone's favourite celebration is. Mine is Easter. On Easter Sunday, my family goes 1) „ .. „„„.„„ .. „. and after we paint 2) .„„„„„„ .. „„. eggs! We also eat lots of chocolate 3) „„„„„„„„„„ ; l'm always stuffed by the end of the day!
. Well, firstly, I
He retired.
their 3) uncle/father, Jason, is a lawyer. When their
5) grandparents/great-grandparents,
Mu Road to the 01vmoics everyone. Last week, a blogger asked me about my daily
A: I didn't know you were coming to the reunion, Lisa. lt's great to see you! B: I can't believe it! Ann! lt's been ten years since we were 1) „.„„.„.„„„ . How have you been? A: Weil, where do I start? After school, I got a(n) 2) „. „ „ .„ „ „„ .. „ „. at a bank. I met my husband, Brian, there. We gat 3) „. „ „ „„ „„ „„„„ last year. B: Have you got any children? A: Not yet! But we will soon. l'm 4) „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „. „ „ „ atthe moment. B: Wow! That's great news! A: What about you? You always said you wanted to stay 5) „„„„„„.„„„„„! B: Ha„. I grew up! I got 6) „„.„„„„„„ last year. My 7) „ .. „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ and I plan to get married next summer. A: That's really good news!
of my day is free for training. At 11 am, my coach, Bob, 7) gives/ takes me a lift to the gym where I 8) work/train out for around five hours. In the evening, I 9) relax/ watch in front of the TV. lfs a tiring day, but ifs worth it if I can quality for the Olympics!
0
Prepositions!Phrasal verbs
1
Choose the correct item.
1 I could do out/with same breakfast right naw. 2 I normally stay to/at home in the evenings. 3 Jane eats pasta every day. I think she could live off/for pasta alone!
4 lt was a sunny day so they decided to head to/from
.,· IJ
lnteresting topie! My favourite celebration is Christmas. We always put up
""' .. ,·•. • 4) „ „„ „„ „„ .. „ „ around the house my. mum prepares a beautiful roast and turkey ~ Also, it's 5) .„ ... „„„„„„„ in the UK for everyone to listen to the Queen's \6)„„„„„„„„„„onlV.
1.
łł,s;~~;:S'~~~·,.,,,~,,,,~r..,.og_a„nt•.-• but my favourite celebration is my birthday! My sister always bakes me a 7) „„ „ .. „ „„„ „„ and I blow out the candles on it. Plus, of course, I receive lots of gifts and birthday 8) „„„„„„„ .. „„ from loved ones!
Posted: 13 Nov, 201310:07 am
the beach.
5 Simon just can't do about/without a cup of coffee in the morning.
b) What is your favourite celebration? Discuss with your partner. (""~...,.J-s-ee_V_o_ca_b_u_la_ry_B_a-nk_o_n_p_.-19~4)
51
Głriłfitif!1 Dobieranie I 1 2
~immU Choose the option A, B or best replaces the word(s) in bold.
What do you do in your free time? Tell the class.
-------~~--------~
r
Frank's father earns money by selling rare antiques. A saves his cash B gets a life C makes a living
Przeczytaj tekst. Z podanych odpowiedzi n : wybierz właściwą. tak aby otrzymać logiczny i grama-: 1 tycznie poprawny tekst. Zakreśl literę A. B albo C. o I
Do the reading task. Which words helped you decide on each heading?
·-----------------~----d
:Kippers
lf you want to meet new people, start a new hobby or improve your skills, you'll find an activity that's right for you at Riverside Community Centre. Here are just a few of the activities on offer.
[KJ Line dancing is a fun way to stay in shape and get
i
~
I: ! '
to know new people. You don't need a partner because everyone dances in a line, so it's great for single people ! And it's very easy to learn - most dances involve just a -few simple repeated moves. As well as aur weekly practice sessions, we hold regular line dancing parties with live music. So, come on down and join in the fun !
m.::J Share your thoughts on classic and popular novels in aur book group. We assign one novel a week, but don't worry; no one minds if you fall behind! Our book group members really enjoy recommending their latest finds to each other, so you'll be introduced to new authors and never be short of an interesting title again. And mare importantly, you'll make new social contads, tao!
Ii;
[![] Are you always the one to start lively discussions
included the future of the European Union and animal rights. The debates can get very lively but they always remain friendly. So come along and give us your opinion !
@:L] Dqn't think
you have a creative side? Then think again! You'll be sure to find your hidden talent in one of our art groups! From painting to model-making, our volunteer art teachers will help you create works of art to brighten up your home or give to your friends and family members as presents. As with all Riverside adivities, the classes are free; just bring the materials required for the particular art form you want to learn.
around the dinner table? Then the Riverside Debating Club is for you! This club meets once a month to debate the burning issues of the day. Recent subjects have
52
6 7 8 9 10
your skills „ „ „ „ .. „ .. „ „ . „ . „ „ „ „ „ rights „ „ ... „ „ „ „ „ ... „ „ „ „ . „ . music „ . „ „ .. „ „ „ .. „ . „ . „ .. „. a party „ „ „ „ „ •• „ „ „ •.. „ to know sb „.„„„.„„„„„„„„
.When most chiklren are in their teens, they can't wait to move out of their parents' home. Often, though, things don't tum out that way. In Britain today, one 1) „ . „ . four parents say they have adult children stili living at home, a huge increase on 2) „ .„. years. The British even have a nickname for these people; 1kippers'. This stands for 'kids in parents' pockets eroding retirement savings'. But what are the reasons .·for this? Same say it is because adults are getting married later in life, while others think it's because it is much mare difficult for 3) „ „ „ to find affordable · housing. Whatever the case, kippers are still looked ·· .down on in British society. In other countries, though, .it is normal to live with your parents into adulthood. In Greece and ltaly, for instance, there is no stigma associated with 4) .„. „ in the family home until you get married. In modern times, with economic problems throughout the world, maybe this arrangement is smarter. However, a quarter of British parents admit that they would prefer their kippers to move out .~· perhaps thinking that hey 5) .„ „. a little bit f independence for hemselves!
Which of the community centre's activities would you most like to do? Why? In three minutes write a few sentences on the topie. the class.
2 l've gat same news. My daughter has just got engaged! A I have something to tell you . B Why didn't you tell me? C l've already seen the news.
4 ~ Choose the option A, B or C that is a translation of the Polish text in brackets and which correctly completes the gap. lf (nie dasz} „ „ .. your sister a birthday present, she'll be very angry. A you didn't give B you won't be giving C you don't give 2 Those two women (wyglądają podobnie} They are probably sisters. A are looking at me B look alike C look like me
„
Rozwiązując następne zadanie, najpierw przeczytaj
pierwsze zdanie w dialogu i zastanów się, jak mogłyby brzmieć możliwe reakcje rozmówcy. Sprawdź, czy
któraś z możliwych reakcji jest podobna do
zaproponowanych odpowiedzi. Uważaj przy tym na
of last them
B to be living
c c c
B earn
c
B B this
istotne szczegóły, którymi różnią się podane warianty
previo us those living excuse
~ Choose the option A, B or C that completes the gap in both sentences.
4 1 activities on ............ „ „ ....•• 2 „ „ „ „ „ . „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ contacts 3 ... „ „ „ „ . yo ur hidden talent 4 .. „ „ „. „ .. „ „ „ up your home 5 weekly .............. „ . sessions
1Briiai111's Siay ai Home Adults
c that
The family set „ „ .. on their trip at 9 am. The children a1 e .. „ „ school because of snow. A out B off C on 2 We haven't ...... from our cousin since he moved to Australia last month. Their father's snoring could be throughout the house at night. A heard B listened C learned
odpowiedzi.
5
\IR
Complete the dialogues by choosing A, B or C. • X: Do you get on well with your sister? Y: ························································ A No, we' re not very close. B No, I just have one brother. C She's not very well at the moment.
2 X: How are you and Sarah related? Y: ················································· A We have the same colour eyes. B We're first cousins. C We're not on good terms.
53
IDaily routine I 1
dou9hte1
2
5 grandson 6 u n cle
4
A:
B:
A: B:
„ Phrasal verbs Choose the correct particie. Then write answers to the questions about you and your family. Do you take after/over your mother or your father? 2 Who would you tum to/at if you needed same
A: B: A:
''- B:
manage/take dinner this afternoon. Really? Why? The whole family 3) takes/has/makes tums to do jobs around the house. Today, I have to cook. That's good. So, vvhat other chores do you do? Weil, I always 4) brush/make/tidy my bed before I 5) get/~tay/leave for school. Also, on Tuesday, I 6) do/make/take the wrishing-up. Do yo11 wash your clothes too? No, my mum does that. Sometimes, I 7) do/go/ make the shopping for my mum, though. All I do at home is keep out of my rnum's way! Ha ha „. l'm sure she apprec1ates that!
on/in them?
3 Do you ever fali out/on with your brothers or
4
I
• friends over • for a walk • the gardening • crosswords • out with frier1ds • gymnastics • to an exhibition play
have
do
the pwno
n portv
othleUcs
a) Fi:! in Ellen's message to her e-friend with the verbs in the
5
a) Fill in the verbs in their correct form:
brush,
• write " do • practise • have • play • surf • go
do, watch, run, rinse, lift, have, c/ean, live, Mary! It was great to hear about what you do in your free e. It sounds Like you 1) „ „ .. „ „ „ „ „ „ ... „ a Lot of hobbies! o
2)
„ „ „ .... „ .. „ .. „.
rollerbLading, but it's not my favouńte
'me. I 3) ..... „ „ „ .... „ .. „ „ athLetics at a LocaL sports club. a strong runner and it's my dream to compete in the
through/together?
IStages of life I generation, adolescence, adult, married, old age, newborn, infant.
lnpics one day. My other passion is music. At weekends, ) „ „ „ „ .. „ „ . „ „ „ .. in a band with my fńends in our garage. ) . „ . „ „ „ .. „ .. „ „ „ . the guitar and I can sing, too! In the enings, I usuaLLy 6) .. „ . „ ... „„.„. the Net. I 7) „ „ „ „ „ „ .... „
Fill in:
Mark and Jane have been happily ........................ .
station for five months each year. He always 2) .... „ ......... „ an early start 3) . „ „
3 He's only 15, but he expects to be treated like a(n)
space water would float around the station, so he must use wet cloths and a ~;hampoo that does not need to be 5)
4 What was the first word you said when you were a(n) ............................ ? 5 He retired and moved to his country house when he reached ...................................... . 6
Bob went to the hospital to see his friend's „ .. „ „ „ . „ ... „ .. „ . „ „ „ „ „ „ . ; she's just a few days old!
7
People of my ........ „
..... „ .......
are more familiar with
computers and mobile phones than older people.
and
Log about athLetics. You shouLd read it!
2 Most people argue with their parents during their
for twenty years.
„ .. „......
begins the day by his teeth and 4) ...... „ ...... „. his body.
„ .. „. „ .. „ „ ... „ „ ....
Astronauts usually 6) ............ „
...
... „ ......
he 10)
the station, Peter also has some free time -
„ ...... „ ..... „
fi lms or just looks out the window at
the amazing views. After a long day, Peter sleeps in a sleeping bag ... standing up!
j
• national • pumpkin • roast
Now write a message to your new e-friend telling him/her about your favourite leisure activities. Use adverbs of frequency.
Eighteenth birthdays are always
7) .......................... occasions, but my favourite celebration is Thanksgiving, a
8) .......................... holiday here in the USA. Last year, my parents and I travelled across the country to be with the 9) .... „ „ ...... „ ........... of our relatives for the day. lt had been years since I last saw some of my cousins. My aunt had prepared a special mea! that included a traditional 10) ................................ turkey. For dessert we had a delicious 11) ...... „ „ „ ................. pie. lt was a perfect meal and a perfect day! lulu_93
dry
food that does not go off. For breakfast, for example, Peter usually eats a cereal bar. lt is important for astronauts to 7) „ .... „ . „ . „.. exercise. Peter often 8) „ .. „ . „ „ „ .... weights that are 200 pounds! That's very heavy on Earth, but in space it's easy! Apart from 9) .„. „
My family 1) ....................... a party for my brother's eighteenth birthday last Friday. We invited his friends from school. His best friend, John, was in 2) ................... . of the decorations, so he put up lots of balloons and streamers. My mum baked a beautiful 3) .............. ..... .... cake, and I 1 bought eighteen 4) .......... „ .. „ ....... for him I to blow out! Everyone 5) ....................... a great time at the party and my brother loved all the presents we got him. lt was a 6) ................... to remember! kev_67
• rest • special
with them afterwards? Who looks for/after the children in your family when your parents go out for the evening?
54
go sw1n11rnno
" Useful phrases
5 On what occasions does all your family get
3
swimming • the piano • a party • athletics • chess
" to the cinema • computer games " a night in/out • ice skating " a chat online • cards • bowling • tennis
list.
sisters? Does it take long for you to make in/up I I,
Capy and complete the table with words from the list. 0
serious advice? How do you know you can count
a) Complete the blog posts with words/phrases from the lists. • candles • birthday • threw • had • day • charge
Collocotions
6
8: Soi ry Alex, I can't. l've got to 2) prepare/
8 nieee 9 fiancee
2
0
a DVD at my hoL!se?
.
IHolidays & celebrationsl
9 (Eeisure activities I
Choose the correct word.
, /A: Hi, Brad. Do you want to 1) look/watch/do
husband
7
partner.
Co!lorntions
Write the opposite gender.
son grandfather 3 half-brother 4 daughter-in-law
b) How does your daily routine compare to Peter's? Tell your
" Prepositions Choose the correct preposition. John is crazy about/for tennis; he practises every single day. Paul began playing the guitar on/at the age of nine.
I just love lying in/on the beach enjoying the warm sun. Lisa chats online with her friends from/by time to time.
b) Now write about a celebration you've attended recently. Write:
what the celebration was about where it took place who was there - what everyone did - if it was an enjoyab/e occasion and why!whynot.
Kate is fond in/of horse-riding.
(~) See Vocabulary Bank on p. 194)
55
lił!@eił.11 Prawda/fałsz I 1 1G1
4 D
Look at the picture. Complete the description of it using the words: sunshine, pen, top, cards, sitting, game, birthday, wedding. There are
:
three words you won't need.
Read the rubric and do the task.
r------------------~
I ~ Uslyszysz dwukrotnie rozmowę : dziennikarza z fotograficzką. Na podstawie 1 informacji zawartych w nagraniu zdecyduj. I które zdania (1-5) są zgodne z jego treścią : (fRUE), a które nie (FALSE). Zaznacz I znakiem X odpowiednią rubrykę w tabeli.
1
I
: a
~------------------d True False Joanna's mother was a professional photographer. 2 Joanna mostly takes photos of grandparents with their grandchildren. 3 Joanna works with her nephew.
There's a girl standing beside a white board. wearing red trousers and a yellow 1) ..................... . There's a wo man standing in the 2) ..................... .
4 Joanna isn't married. 5 lf people want to get in touch with Joanna, they should contact her
the picture. She's smiling. There are eight children 3) .......... .... ........ opposite the watching the girl and most of them are She's holding a 4) .................... out to them a smiling. Maybe they're playing a 5) ...................... .
stepbrother.
i§f.@t§.ip Rozmowa wstępna I 2
Maybe it's a 6) ... ..... ..... ..... .... party. They're in
Read the rubric and do the task in pairs.
r---------------. 1„U § Odpowiedz na pytania „ ______________
garden. lt looks like spring or summer.
I
Who in your family do you spend the most time
5
Look at the picture and answer the questions.
with? Why? 2 Would you like mare brothers and sisters? Why/ Why not? 3 How close are you to your grandparents? 4 What's your favourite thing to do as a family? 5 What would you like to change about your parents' personalities?
3
1
A
B
C
D
Read the rubric. What do you have to write? Should you sound: polite and friendly? chatty and
informal?
r---~-------------------~ Spędziłeś/-aś tydzień w domu kolegi/ koleżanki w Wielkiej Brytanii. Napisz list (80-130 słów) do jego/jej rodziców, w którym: • podziękujesz za to, że pozwolili Ci zatrzymać się w ich domu i wyjaśnisz, dlaczego pobyt u nich był dla Ciebie przyjemnością, • poinformujesz, że Twoja znajomość języka angielskiego znacznie się poprawiła, • wspomnisz o ciekawej wycieczce, którą odbyłeś/ -aś podczas pobytu, • zaprosisz ich, aby latem przyszłego roku przyjechali Cię odwiedzić.
-----------------------~
2
Read the model letter. Replace the underlined phrases (1-8) with the semi-formal ones (a-h) to make the letter mare polite.
·. Dear Mr and Mrs Brown, • 1) Thanks ever so much for having me to stay with : you. I felt so comfortable and welcome in your home and that 2) meant I had a really qreat time. ' thanks to you, my English has improved a lot. 3) I owe you a lot for all your patience in explaining new words to me! I, really enjoyed our visit to Covent Garden in London and I have some great photos of our day ~out. 4) Why don't I send them to you? !:i) What about cominq to stay with us in Poland? 6) lt would be fantastic if you could visit us next .ummer. 7) Drop me a line if you can make it. Bye for now, tia
.(\ 11.24 • Listen to five students answering the five questions in Ex. 2. Match the speakers (A-E) to the questions (1-5) above.
3
a) Read the rubric, then the sentences. Which ones are suitable (5) and which are unsuitable (U) to write the letter?
Wziąłeś/Wzięłaś udział w kursie języka angielskiego w Wielkiej Brytanii. Po powrocie do Polski zdałeś/-aś egzaminy językowe. Napisz list (80-130 słów) z podziękowaniami dla Twojego nauczyciela/Twojej nauczycielki języka angielskiego, w którym: • pr::ekażesz mu/jej dobre wiadomości i poinformujesz. Jakie masz z Ich powodu odczucia. podziękujesz mu/jej za pomoc i opiszesz. jak bardzo poprawiła się Twoja znajomość języka angielskiego, 1 1 • zaprosisz go/ją do Polski i zaproponujesz. że będziesz B mu/jej towarzyszyć podczas zwiedzania. : • opiszesz osoby. które chciałbyś/-chciałabyś mu/jej n przedstawić i zaproponujesz termin przyjazdu.
:. n
I
B
: n I
I
: I 1
:
:
L-----------------------· 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
l'd be more than happy to show you around. You won't believe my news! Everyone here is dying to meet you ! lt would be a pleasure to see you in Poland. We could have a great time sightseeing together. Do you fancy coming over for a visit? l'm writing to tell you some good news. I know my friends would love to meet you. b) Use phrases from Ex. 2 and Ex. 3a to write your letter. Follow the plan.
L?lJrnm
Dear ............... , (Para 1) SąJ' tbat you bave passed you r Englisb la11guage e.xams and bow )'Oil }ee! about it. (Para 2) Express J'Ollr tba11ksforJ'Oltr teacber's belp a11d say bow your E11glisb bas got bette1: (Para 3) J11vite your teacber to come and stap witb you in Poland a11d ojjer to take tbe~n sigbtseeing. (Para 4) Mention anyjandry/ji-iends tbat tbe}' could meet and suggest wben tbey could 1~isit )''Oli. Yow:>,
2 3 4 5
E
Question
6
Where was the photo taken? How many people are there in the photo? What are they doing? What are they wearing? How are they feeling? Why?
Now use your answers from Ex. 5 to describe the picture.
56
List półoficjalny (Writing Bank: /istle-mail póloflcjalny)
Opis ilustracji
c d e f 9 h
We'd be delighted l'm writing to thank you Would you like me to Kindest regards Would you consider being our guest Please let me know if you'd like to come l'm very grateful made my stay a very enjoyable one
1 ..... 2 ..... 3 ..... 4 ..... 5 ..... 6 ..... 7 ..... 8 ..
Thanking/ lnviting • Thank you so much for ... • I appreciate all your help ... • Thanks to you, my ... • lt wo u Id be a pleasure to see you ... • l'd love to welcome you to our home ... • We'd be delighted if you carne ...
57
ljf.Ęł)Mflł§ Odgrywanie roli I 2 Read the rubric. Which of the sentences (1-13) could be used
1
Look at the picture. What do you think these people are celebrating? Read the text to find
:
out.
in this situation?
:
~ ~s~s~: ~w::ro~n: :
trzy nagrania. Z podanych : odpowiedili wybierz właściwą. I zgodną z treścią tekstu. Zakreśl
I
: Porozmawiaj
1
IL.--------------..a
1I
literę A. B lub C.
Recording 1 What will Ted do at the weekend? A He will attend a family celebration. B He will study for a French exam. C He will go sightseeing around
: B
1
2 3 4
Recording 2
Th is A B • C
speech takes place at a(n) ... wedding. an.niversary party. birthday party.
ochrony.
uwzględniając : u
co powinieneś/powinnaś teraz zrobić,
jak można się z Tobą skontaktować.
kiedy I gdzie ostatnio widziałeś/-aś brata.
dane osobowe Twojego brata i jego wygląd.
O H O O
D O R
L-------------------------~..a
5
Recording 3
pracownikiem
I
London.
People who want to book a large event at the hotel must ... A pay some money in advance. B contact the hotel a month in advance. C fili out a form online.
z
1 następujące kwestie:
a 1 1
:
Właśnie wylądowałeś/-aś na lotnisku w Londynie :
I wraz ze swoją rodziną. Zagubił się Twój młodszy brat. I
I
6
7 Try to stay calm.
Here's my card with their phone number on it. f\low what do we do? He's very good at sport. 1'11 alert the airport police right away. He's wearing a red pullover, jeans and a black iacket. When is the next flight?
3 ,Q,
8 I can't find him anywhere. 9 I need to check my emails. 10 When I returned with a baggage trolley, he was gone. 11 He usually wears trainers. 12 How long ago was that? 13 We visited Londoń last year..
Listen to two people doing the speaking task. Which of
the sentences in Ex. 2 do they use?
4
Use sentences from Ex. 2 to do the task. Follow the plan.
A Tell B your brother ~ has disappeared.--------Tell B. ~ ~ Tell B.
~
Tell B.
~ ~
Describe your brother. Ask what to do
Ask A where saw him. Ask A when that was. Ask the age of P.:s brother.
Find out the missing boy's na _ and what he was wearing. Say you will alert airport security and have him paged. li>; Request A to stay in the airport
~
/ and remain calm. next. Give B your mobile-~ Reassure A (e.g. He's probably number to contact looking around a shop, etc). you.
58
1
r--------------------------~
2
Read the rubric and do the task. Then explain the words in bold.
r----------------------~ I Przeczytaj tekst, z którego usunięto trzy B
: zdania. Wpisz w luki (1-3) litery, którymi oznaczono I brakujące zdania (A-E), tak aby otrzymać logiczny : i spójny tekst. Dwa zdania zostały podane I dodatkowo i nie pasują do żadnej luki.
: I
: B
·----------------------· Allendale is a village surrounded by hills in the north of England. At weekends, the area attracts hikers who want to escape their towns and cities for the day, but other than that, Allendale is usually a quiet sleepy village. Hundreds of people travel to Allendale every 31 December to witness an ancient fire ritual that has its roots in the Vikings who invaded the north of England from Scandinavia in the 800s. At around 11 pm, a crowd gathers around a pile of wood and tree branches in the middle of the village's main square. There, a brass band plays music and gets the crowd excited for the main event. Suddenly, forty-five Allendale men appear in the square and lift shallow Wooden barrels containing burning tar on top of their heads. Then, walking two by two with the band in the middle, they begin to walk around the village. Traditionally, the men used to dress up as court jesters but in more recent years, they have performed the ritual in all kinds of fancy dress. [[O All the participants have one thing in common, though - they are all strictly from Allendale families.
ITJ
Najpierw przeczytaj tekst, ignorując luki. Zorientuj się. co jest tematem tekstu i jakie informacje mogą być zawarte w brakujących zdaniach. Następnie przeczytaj podane zdania, szukając wskazówek, które ułatwią Ci uzupełnienie
luk, np. zaimka osobowego w zdaniu po luce lub zależności logicznych pomiędzy zdaniami. Po uzupełnieniu luk przeczytaj cały tekst, aby sprawdzić, czy jest on logiczny i spójny. następującym
When the men have completed a circuit of the village, they return to the bonfire and, as the clock strikes midnight, throw their barrels onto it. Parents lift their children onto their shoulders to make sure they get a good view and everyone cheers and applauds as the old year ends and a new year begins. QI] Others are happy to quietly watch the fire and warm themselves beside it. A Same may choose to sing the New Year's Eve song of Auld Lang Syne. B Nobody knows how this strange festival started. C You might see a Roman gladiator or even a children's cartoon character! D On New Year's Eve, though, things are very different. E The procession continues like this until the men have done a completed circle.
Choose the correct word. The event collects/attracts a lot of visitors. 2 A lot of people gather/stock to watch the paracie. 3 A fire is built in the main/chief square of the village. 4 He climbed up a tree to get a good scene/view of the event. 5 The celebration has changed in late/recent years. 6 They chose/picked to stay and watch the parade.
4
In three minutes write a few sentences explaining why people shouldn't miss this event. Tell the class.
59
MaturaExam 1
Przeczytaj tekst. Z podanych możliwości odpowiedzi (1-5) wybierz właściwą. zgodną z treścią tekstu. Zakreśl literę A. B. C lub D.
"Where are you from?" Most people will have an answer to this question on the tip of their tongue. But for Third Culture Kids, or TCKs, it can be confusing. "I grew up in Bangladesh, Egypt, Ethiopia, Kenya, Sudan and the USA," explains David Eklund. "My father is American and my mother is Ethiopian. I don't feel I am from any one place in particular." "lt's a hard question to answer," agrees Rivkah Alvy. "Usually my reply depends on how much I want the person to know about me or how much I care that they know. lf I don't care, I say 'I grew up overseas' or 'lt's a long story.' lf I do care, I say my mum is from New York, my dad is from Sydney; I was barn in lsrael, grew up in lndia, France and Singapore, and now live in the USA." David and Rivkah's difficulty with the "Where are you from?" question symbolises the struggle Third Culture Kids have with their sense of personal identity. TCKs are children who have grown up outside of their parents' culture. Most TCKs never develop a sense of attachment to a 'home' because they've lived in so many different places before they reach the age of 18. lnstead, they feel mare attached to people, experiences and memories. Being a TCK means that you accompany your parents into a foreign culture, usually because one of the parents has found a job abroad. Very often TCKs are the children of diplomats working overseas, or language teachers, for example. The second key factor
David Eklund says that he A ·misses spending time with his parents. B spent his childhood in several places. C wished he had only lived in one place. D finds speaking different languages confusing. 2 According to Rivkah Alvy, A people ask tao many questions. B she doesn't care where she lives. C people enjoy hearing her life story. D she doesn't always tell people where she's from. 3 Third Culture Kids find it difficult to relate to A places. C experiences. B people. D memories.
60
Usłyszysz dwukrotnie wypowiedzi
osób na temat różnych etapów życia Wpisując odpowiednie litery (A-E) w kratki (1-4), każdej osobie przyporządkuj zdanie, które najlepiej podsumowuje jej wypowiedź. Jedno zdanie podane zostało dodatkowo i nie pasuje do żadnej wypowiedzi.
which mak es one a TCK is mobility. What mak es them different from other immigrants is the fact that they do not expect settle down permanently in the places where they li There are a number of benefits this kind of lifestyle have. Children who grow up this way have a r appreciation of the world as a global village and can very good at socialising with people of vari backgrounds. They can often speak several langua and frequently choose to go on to university. They have a tendency to continue the international lifest thus becoming the parents of third culture kids. "Where are you from?" is a frustrating question TCKs because it's a question suited to a society wh remains in one community. lt's supposed to help ot identify who you are. "But in a world where so m people are constantly relocating, it just doesn't anymore," concludes David Eklund.
4 TCKs differ from other immigrants because A they spend mare time with their parents. B they learn foreign languages mare easily. C they move home mare often. D they find it mare difficult to change homes. 5 Overall, the author feels that TC Ks A will always remain a minority group. B should choose a country to identity with. C represent a changing world. D will always be discriminated against.
Wypowiedź na podstawie materiału stymulującego
czterech
5
A The speaker expresses regret about a period in his/her life. B The speaker explains why he/she was worried about a stage of life. C The speaker describes a particularly challenging period in his/her life. Speaker1 D You can hear this speech at a Speaker 2 party. Speaker 3 E In this recording somebody Speaker 4 announces his/her retirement.
Przyjrzyj się obrazkom 1, 2 i 3. Chcesz kupić kartkę na Dzień Ojca. • Wybierz kartkę. która najbardziej Ci odpowiada, i podaj uzasadnienie. • Wyjaśnij, dlaczego odrzucasz pozostałe propozycje.
i@@*Mif!' Rozmowa wstępna I 3 2 3 4 5
Odpowiedz na pytania. What is the best memory you have from when you were young? Why? What do you and your family like to do together? Why? Do you think your parents understand you? Why?/Why not? Do you think your parents trust you to behave properly? Why?/Why not? Would you consider leaving your family to work overseas? Why?/Why not?
l@MfiiifJ Opis ilustracji I 4
List prywatny
Opisz zdjęcie.
(Writing Bank: /istle·moil prywatny)
6
Chcesz zaprosić do siebie na wakacje przyjaciela/ przyjaciółkę z Irlandii. Napisz list (80-130 wyrazów). w którym: " zapytasz przyjaciela/ przyjaciółkę. jakie ma plany na wakacje i zaprosisz go/ją do siebie, " przedstawisz pozytywne i negatywne strony spędzania wakacji w Polsce, 0 opiszesz Twojego znajomego/Twoją znajomą. którego/którą adresat(ka) pozna podczas pobytu, • zasugerujesz, w jaki sposób adresat/-ka może zarezerwować bilety na samolot do Polski.
61
1
What do you know about New Zealand? Why is it called the Paradise of the Pacific? Read to find out.
2
Read the text and mark the sentences T (true}, F (False} or DS (doesn't say}. Correct the false statements.
2
3
4
5 6 7
8
3
The first ~ople to inhabit New Zealand were European. Abel Tasman explored mainland New Zealand sometime in the 17th century. Thousands of European settlers died in the Musket Wars. The Treaty of Waitangi gave same control of the country to tribal leaders. The Maori were quite satisfied to accept British rule. Sign language is an officia! language of New Zealand. The New Zealand accent is closer to the English accent than to the Australian accent. The All Blacks are the name of a dance group.
Read the text again and complete the sentences.
In the 14th century AD, Eastern Polynesians became ............................. . 2 European and North American traders arrived and brought ............................. . 3 New Zealanders had a very similar ........ . ............................................ to Britain. 4 Du ring world conflicts, New Zealand ..... 5 In sport New Zealanders are proud
4
What do the underlined words in the text refer to?
5
Find five phrasal verbs in the text. Match them to the meanings. arrived somewhere after a series of events faced give something up to someone else arrived unexpectedly consists of
2 3 4 5
6 ometime around 1300 AD, groups Eastern Polynesians rowed westwar across the Pacific Ocean in canoes a ended up in New Zealand to become the fi people to settle on the islands. Over following centuries they developed what now call the Maori culture. Europeans did reach the islands until the 17th century wh a Dutch explorer by the name of Abel Tasm and his crew sailed inio South Island. With even setting foot on the island, they qui carne into conflict with Maoris and left. lt later in the 18th century that Europea started to colonise New Zealand. In 1769, t British explorer James Cook mapped t entire coastline and the French trader J Francois-Marie de Surville landed a different point. Over the following dec many European and North American tra turned up on the island. I!J.fil( brought them the potato, metal tools and musk Disputes with traders and between diffe tribes of indigenous people themselves frequent and finally led to the Musket W (1807-1839) in which up to 40,000 Maori w killed.
S
cooking food underground using heated rocks buried in a pit oven. Today, il is used on special occasions.
On 6th February 1840, about 500 Maori tri leaders signed The Treaty of Waitangi which they agreed to hand over sovereign of their country to the British Crown. Thro this treaty, the Maori accepted British rule a had the rights of British subjects, w maintaining ownership of their lands. T nation of New Zealand was founded. Fr
1
people and the running of their country. ~ government and its laws were created based on English models and English became the officia! language of the country. New Zealanders had a very similar education and culture to that in Britain and New Zealand supported the British in world conflicts and fought alongside their soldiers in all major wars. Today, New Zealand is stili part of the British Co!llmonwealth and maintains a very close relationship with the UK. However, il has developed its own strong sense of identity and New Zealanders are very proud of their multi-cultural heritage. The population is made up of people from the Pacific lslands, from Asia, Maori people and people of European descent, but they all call themselves New Zealanders, or Kiwis. New Zealand has three officia! languages; English, Te Reo Maori and NZ sign language. The national anthem 'God Defend New Zealand' is often sung with alternating Maori and English verses. New Zealand English has a similar pronunciation to Australian English but accents can vary slightly depending on the region. New Zealand is known for its stunning natura! beauty and is called the 'Paradise of the Pacific'. li is home to a number of amazing birds such as the flightless kiwi, the albatross, the kakapo and various penguins. Due to its beauty, many blockbuster films such as Lord of the Rings and The Last Samurai have been shot there. The country has also produced great actors like Russell Crowe, Sam Neil and Anna Paquin. New Zealand is also famous for its excellent rugby team The All Blacks that performs the Haka, an intimidating Maori warrior dance, at the beginning of each match. Arts and music in New Zealand has been influenced by Maori culture, as well as by western influences and this reflects the cultural diversity and the creativity of its people.
Match the words in bold to their meaning. What part of speech is each?
1 unable to fly 2 causing fear or discom fort 3 disagreements, fights 4 native 5 every second one in turn 6 guns with a long barrels
7
Fill in: by, on, of, to,
7 very impressive or attractive 8 towards the west 9 authority to rule a country 10 the wi'ly in which words sound
up.
A series of conflicts finally led ........... a terrible war. 2 The explorers never actually set foot ............ the island. 3 The population is made up ............ a diversity of people. 4 The modern culture of the country is influenced ............ Maori culture. 5 The country is stili part ............ the Commonwealth.
8
Make notes under the headings then use your notes to present New Zealand to the class.
Populatlon
Na me
Arts/Famous people
9 r-
In three minutes write three reasons why you would visit New Zealand. Tell the class.
Proverbs
-------------------'11
n Tum your face to the sun and the shadows fal/
: behind you.
: u
L----------------------------~
Quotatioll§ _ _ _ __ I urnlf to be all tbat I am capable ąlbecoming. (Katherine Mansfield, New Zealand author)
63
IPreparing dishes I
fj-łfl@Młł Food products I 1 Put the correct number for the foods you see.
Match the meals (1-7) to the definitions (a-g).
~ ~·~ Q]cereąl Deggs Obread Drice O apple Ochocolate Obroccoli Ocheese O spinach
D c:arrots D grapes D onions . D orange D mus~rooms D beans D beef D lettuce D lemons D cherry D banąrias D olive oil D peaches D biscuits D rn,elRn D peppers Orriilk Dpear
a a meal eaten in the morning b a meal eaten in the middle of the day c a small amount of food that is eaten between meals d the main meal of the day, usually eaten in the evening e sweet food eaten after the main part of a meal a meal which is cooked outside on a metal frame over a fire g an occasion when you eat food outside, usually in the countryside
Dyoghurt Otomato Dpotatoes D stravyberries Dnuts Dfish Dchicken O pasta
9
a) Label the pictures with the words from the list. 0
mix • melt • slice • boil • peel • stir
Answer the questions with your partner.
2 1
Categorise the foods in Ex. 1 under the headings. Compare with your partner. oils
I
2 3
4 5 6 7
8 9
1O
64
vegetabie~·
2
3 4 5 6
fruits
Fili in: bag, bottle, carton, /oaf, bawi, bunch, can, jar, bar, pocket. Jane eats a ... ... ... ... ... ... ..... ... .. . of cereal for breakfast every morning. She gave the child a ...................... of chocolate. Could you pick up a .. . .. ... ... ... .. ... .. . of milk on your way home from work? We need to buy a . ... ... .. ..... .... .. ... .. of bread to make sandwiches. Eric ate a ... .. ... ..... .. ... ... .... . of crisps du ring his lunch break. There is a ... .... ... ... ... .... ... . of honey on the top shelf of the cupboard. George was feeling thirsty so he drank a ............................. of cola. I need a ........................... of sugar to make the cake. l'd like a ................................... of ketchup for my chips, please. Don't forget to buy a .................... of bana nas.
Choose the odd one out.
1 vegetable: garlic - plum - potato - spinach
meat, seafood, eggs, beans & nuts
dairy products
3
4
o
fruit: kiwi - pear - strawberry - cucumber meat: sausage - pork - lamb - broccoli dairy product: cream - yoghurt - rice - cheese poultry: beef - chicken - turkey - duck seafood: crab - nuts - cod - salmon
Words often confused
5
2 3 4 5 6 7
8
Choose the correct word. l'd like a back/side order of salad with my and chips, please. lt's important to follow a diet with plenty of nutrients. You should try to avoid eating so much fa~:t/r:111ic·k food. You should chew sugar-free/fat-free gum much better for your teeth. Would you like some grated/grateful cheese your pasta? You can serve the ice cream in a rlo·cor+trłloc•:.ort glass. I can't drink milk, so 1'11 have a black/dark please. My mum gave me a sandwich and an apple for boxed/packedlunch.
1 Which meals do you usually eat with your family? 2 Which meals do you usually eat away from home? 3 Which do you think is the most important meal of the day? Why?
leating out
8
I
a) Fili in the gaps with: .canteen, Thai restaurant, cafe, fast food restaurant, vegetarian restaurant.
b) Which of the foods in Ex. 1 do you usually slice? peel? melt?
1OHow do you like to eat the food in the pictures? Use the words in the list to discuss with your partner. • boiled • poached • scrambled • fried • roasted • steamed • baked
Lisa doesn't eat meat so she'd prefer to go to a 2 Let's meet at the ............................. for a coffee. 3 You can eat Asia n food at a ............................... . 4 Tim went to a .. „ ........... .
to get a burger and chips. He eats lunch at the school ..... every day. b) In pairs recommend places to eat out in your town/city. • a top-class restaurant •a restaurant that serves ethnic food • a fast-food restaurant serving big portions 0 a place where I can have a coffee and relax A: l'm looking tOr on expe1rnve top-closs restouronl. B: You shoulcl go to Rosorio's Restouront in Clinton Street
A.· How do you like your eggs - boi/ee/ or friecl? B: Actually, I prefer them scrambled.
___ 19-6)
(,..,~,J-s-ee_V_o_c_ab_u_la-ry-Ba_n_k_o_n_p
65
1
2
The text gives readers ... A information about new students in the school. B details of a special meal at the school canteen. C instructions on how to make a Polish meal.
What do school children in your country usually eat at school? Do they bring food from home or eat at the school canteen? Do the reading task. Justify your answers with reference to the texts.
r-----------------------~ ~Przeczytaj trzy teksty dotyczące żywienia I
I
: w szkole. Z podanych odpowiedzi wybierz właściwą. : B zgodną z treścią tekstu. Zakreśl literę A. B lub C. o
L-----------------------·
Po.lish Food Day
c
i?
11th November
Celebrate Polish Independence Day at the school canteen! Next Wednesday during lunchtime, we will be serving Połish cuisine. Daniela and Jerzy, our two Polish exchange students, have chosen the menu and will give advice to the school cooks! We'll have a beetroot soup starter followed by a main course of beef-stuffed cabbage parcels with cheese dumplings and a delicious cheesecake dessert. You can try some Polish fruit juice, too! Cost: HO per student. Family members of students are welcome to attend but should call the headmaster in advance.
2 Th is text is mainly about ... A the problem of obesity in ltaly. B a new approach to school lunches in ltaly. C the most important meal for ltalians. 3 Alan's mother warns her son ... A not to overeat at lunch. B not to spend too much on his lunch. C not to be late coming home from school.
3
Find all the words in the text fit into these categories: meatl
fish - drinks - desserts - vea etabtei; Yi - dairy products - other. 1
[I)
M
any pupils in ltaly go home for lunch as it is the main mea! of the day. Those who choose to eat in the school canteen th I are always guaranteed a healthy meal Th' . b . , oug i, I . . . is is ecause ltaly mtroduced a aw I~ ~Ol O ':h1ch states that schools must, if possible, oni use loc I orga~1c i~gred~ents in t~eir lunches. A school lunch in ltaly miyht incluc~ tuna. m ol1ve od or a ch1cken breast with olives and roast ot tg li one m three ltalian children under 12 years of age is over~eia h~e~ od~y, healthy school lunches hopefully this trend can be reversed. g , ut w1th
4
Fill in: dessert, starter, courses, menu, roasted. The meals they serve at this restaurant consist of five „„„ .. „„„„„„.!
3 1
Read the text. For each gap choose the correct answer A, B or C to create a logically and grammatically correct text.
At same stage in our lives, we've all been guilty 1) „„ „ . Sometimes we can't help ordering an extra plate of chips or a second 2) „„„ of cake. But mare often than not, we regret our decision soon afterwards. Our stornach is bloated and we feel uncomfortable for the rest of the day. But why do our bodies allow us to eat excessively? Shouldn't we stop feeling hungry after we've eaten enough? Weil, it's all 3) „„„ timing. Recent scientific research has found that it 4) „. „. the brain 20 minutes to realise that it has had enough to eat. So, while eating a meal, it's easy to eat too much. The Japanese, though, have a system to stop this called hara hachi bu. Meaning 'belly 80 percent full' it instructs people to eat until they feel, you guessed it, 80 per cent full. lt is widely practised by the people of the Okinawa islands in Japan who are famous for their healthy living. lndeed, Okinawa has the world's highest percentage of people who
3 How about anion soup as a „„.„„„„„„„„?
~D_(l(J_(J(Jndwicli Bl}_f!_Ol1__ ca~_eaf
af tliescliool canfeen foaay l've left money on tlie
~[ti~';~~e~-~~~~1:~-;;~t:·t~~.;,liave an appefife for /afer. Remem6er
~~-~~"ffoj;;9~~~jo;_p-i~~~ flii~ evening fo;
4 What's on the „„„„„.„„„„„? 5 I don't like fried potatoes; I prefer them. „„„ ... „„„„„.
In pairs decide on a healthy school lunch for your school. Present it to the class.
gour sisfer's 6irtliday
-~~~~011_/at~r;__
1 A 2 A 3 A 4 A 5 A
2 5
.
•\,".~·I
-.
2 Since it's raining, we should cancel the barbecue. A call off B stop off C take away
4 \łlJfilE Choose the option A, B or C that is a translation of the Polish text in brackets and which correctly completes the gap. Don't order a pizza; Jane (nakryła „„„ the table for dinner. A is ready to set B is already setting C has already set
już)
2 (Szkoda, że) „„„ you burnt the cake, but don't let it upset you. A lt's a shame B lt's strange C lt's unforgiveable that
by overeating section to do with does will thank
B to overeat B hel ping B up to B mak es B will be thanking
c c c c c
5 of overeating selection how about tak es will have thanked
mm
Choose the option A, B or C that completes the gap in both sentences. The milk will go „ „ „ u nless you put it in the fridge. I can't remember the recipe „ .. „ the top of my head. B on C o~ A off
2 Ann „ .„. her son do the washing-up after the dinner party. He finally . „. up his mind what he wanted to order for starter. C made A carne B built
fl1um
Fred allowed his son to leave the table during dinner. A gave permission to B made allowance to C had agreement with
So, next time you sit down for a meal, try to practise hara hachi bu. Your body 5) .. „. you for it later!
2 I want same apple pie for
WB
Choose the option A, B or C that best replaces the word(s) in bold.
\lll!mr/
Complete the dialogues by choosing A, B or C. X: How was your meal at the
Chinese restaurant? Y:
················································ A lt wasn't anything special. B l'm not a fan. c I hope you'll like it.
2 X: Do you go grocery shopping often? Y: ················································· A No, I go to a different supermarket. B Only around twice a week. C l'm afraid I missed it.
67
• E'·If IMlfitJFood products I 1
4
Read the dialogue and fill in the correct words:
kilo, loaf, box, jar, bottle, tub, packets, tins, bag. A: Bob, we need to go shopping today. There's very little food left in the cupboards. B: OK. Let's make a list of the things we need, the n. A: Weil, firstly, we need a couple of 1) .. „„ .. „ .. „ .. „.„„ of SPi3ghetti and a few 2) „ „ „„ „ „ „„ „„ „. of baked beans. And we have no olive oil left, so we'll need to buy a 3) .„ „„„„ „„ „„ „ .. Also, I want to make a shepherd's pie tomorrow so I need a 4) „ „„„„ „„ „. of beef. B: OK. I also want to get a 5) „„ „„ „ „„ „ „„ „. of bread. There was none left to make toast this morning. A: That reminds me. We also need a 6) „„ „„ „„„ „ „ „. of jam and a 7) .„„„„„„ „ „„ „ „ of butter. B: What else? Hey, don't you want to make a cake for your friend's birthday? A: Oh yes. I nearly forgot. 1'11 need a 8) „„ „ „ „ „„ „„ of flour then. And we should buy her a 9) „ „„„ „„„„. of chocolates as a present. B: OK, I think that's everything.
e
Fill in with:
e
Collocat'ions
5
~
@I] [IT] [!IJ ~ ~
6
pepper mashed fried poached stale traditional well-done steamed roast freshly-squeezed
a vegetables b steak c beef d sauce e juice mea I g potatoes h eggs bread chicken
1OUse the verbs pay, reserve, order, /eave,
boi/, se1ve, stir, drain, sprinkle, pee/, fry, simmer, wash, chop, grate, season, pour.
14
2
lngredients 1 kilo ofbeef 1 onion 1 carrot
• •
1 stalk of celery • Parmesan cheese two tomatoes
1 packet of spaghetti
Prepąration : First, 1) ............................ the vegetables under cold running water. : 2) „.„„.„„ ....... „ ... up the onion, carrot and celery finely. i 3) ... „„ ........ „. „ .... some Parmesan cheese. I Next, 4) . „ .. „„ „. „ ............. the skins off two tomatoes and cut them I into small pieces. ! Put some olive oil in a saucepan and add the onion. 5) „„„ .... „ ........ „ .. „ the onion until golden brown. i 6) .„ „ ... „ .. „ „ „ „ ...... in the vegetables and mince. j 7) .... „ „ ... „ ........ on a .medium heat until the ingredients are cooked. : 8) .. „ .... „ ......... „. „ .. w1th salt and pepper. Meanwhile, 9) .... „ ............... „ ... the spaghetti in salted water in a separate pan. I When ready, 10) ......................... off the water and place the spaghetti I in serving dishes. J 11) .......................... some sauce over the 1,spaghetti and 12) .......................... it with the Parmesan cheese. 13) ..................... immediately.
3 4 5 6 7 8
i
Fill in with: decor, restaurant, food, prices, atmosphere, service.
I
11
I I l
fizzy/soft „.„„„„.„„„. 5 shelled/salted „ „ „ „. „
recommend, look, serve, call in their correct form to fill in the sentences.
Read the recipe and fill in the gaps with the verbs:
Spaghetti Bolognese
Match the words to make collocations.
[!I] [II] [IT] [![]
woter, choco/ate, nuts, bread, drink.
1 hot/bitter „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ 2 mineral/still „ „ „ „ „ „„. 3 sliced/stale .. „ „ „ „ „ „ „
68
or cereol L111d tivo slices ur toost
i ole o bovv!
Col/ocations
2
8
l \hut d1LI 1·uu eOL rur iJre:111. 1m1 vi:::.1erLiU\ '
B
Verb phrases
~reparing dishes I
Find out what your partner ate for breakfast, lunch and dinner yesterday.
2 3 4 5 6
fast/slow/poor/excellent ......... „ „ ... „. „. „ „ high/low/reasonable „„ „ „ „„ „ „ „ „ „ „„ modern/luxurious/simple/unusual „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „. tasty/spicy/plain/tasteless/traditional „ „ „ „„ „„„ „ „ relaxed/romantidfriendly/formal ......................... . vegetarian/top-class/Mexican ......................... .
IMeals & tastes I
„ Synonyms
3
Fill in with: sour, bitter, creamy, spicy, softy, sweet, greasy to describe taste.
1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
curry, chilli peppers, chilli powder lemons, old milk, pickled onions dark chocolate, black coffee, green tea crisps, nuts, popcorn chips, fried chicken, pizza cake, chocolate, honey soft cheese, yoghurt, milk
Replace the words in bold with the correct synonyms: price, reservation, voriety, type, tosty,
awful. 2 3 4 5 6
There was a huge choice of dishes on the menu. You should order the salmon - it's really delicious! This restaurant offers food at a reasonable cost. Did you make a booking at the restaurant? What kind of food does this restaurant serve? l'm never going to that restaurant again. The food was horrible !
łEating out 0
I
Phrasa/ verbs
9
Choose the correct word.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
He was so hungry, he wolfed down/up a whole pizza in minutes. lf you don't cut out/down on junk food, you'll put on weight. Make sure you clean up/off after you've finished cooking. They couldn't bake the cake as they'd run down/out of sugar. Keep up/on stirring until the sauce begins to thicken. She picked out/in some ripe apples to make the apple pie with. Switch up/on the oven a few minutes before you want to cook. You can heat out/up the pasta in the microwave. lf the sauce is too watery, you can drain in/off some liquid. You should flavour the tea with/by fresh lemon. Turn the oven down/over or you'll burn the pastries. Could you fill in/up the salt and pepper shakers, please?
1'11 „.„„.„ „„.„„„„ the bill with my · credit card. Do you know what you want to order or wo uId you like to „ „ „. through the menu? Let's .„ „ „ .. „ „ .„ „. „ „. a table at Jose's Restaurant for this evening. Wo uId you like to „ „ „ „„ „ „ .. dessert? Phil „„. „ „ „ .„ „ „ „. a big tip because the service was excellent. Can you .„ „ „ „„ „. „ „ „ „ „ „ „. a nice restaurant for us close to the hotel? : The waiter „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „. us our drink~ \• before we ordered our main coursesf Ann .„„„„ „ „„. „ „. „„ „„. the waiter because he had served the wrong dish.
Fili in with: wine, drink, excellent, order, portion, main, minera/, steamed, waiter, rare.
'
/
A: Good evening, Sir. My name is Alan and 1'11 be your 1) „ .„„„„.„„„„ for this evening. Can I take your 2) „„„„„„„„„„„.? B: Yes, please. 1'11 have the soup for starters and a steak for my 3) „„„„„„.„„„„„ course. A: A(n) 4) „ „„„„„„„„.„ „ choice, Sir! And how would you like your steak; 5) . „ „„ „ „ „ „ „„ „ „, medium or well-done? B: Well-done, płease. And could I have a(n) 6) „ „ „„ „„ „ „„ „. of chips with that? A: Yes, of course, Sir. The steak comes with chips and 7) „ „„„„„„„„ „ „. vegetables. And would you like a 8) „. „.„ „ „ „„.„ „.„ „. with your meal? Perhaps you'd like to look at our 9) „ „.„„„„„„„„. „. list? B: No, thanks. Just some 1O) „ „ „ „ „ „. water, please.
(~)See Vocabulary Bank on p. 196)
69
List prywatny
3
(Writing Bank: /ist/e-mail prywatny)
1
a) Read the rubric and the sentences 1-5. Underline the key words. b) Do the listening task.
3 .Q,
Listen to someone describing one of the pictures. Which one is he describing?
,Q,
1
r--------------------~ Usłyszysz rozmowę ze studentem, 1 dotyczącą jego nawyków żywieniowych. Na :
I
1
\Y?!m
Read the rubric, then read the model. What is each paragraph about? Find examples of informal style.
r
również kiedyś przytyłeś/-aś,
" zasugerujesz, że
1 Danny doesn't eat any junk food.
koleżanka
zastosować dietę,
, _ -----
• 11
ale
powinna
ostrzeżesz ją
zbyt ścisłą dietą. doradzisz, aby jadła więcej owoców i warzyw D
1 I
--------------------~
l'm sorry to hear about your weight problems. When I was in college, I also put on a lot of weight, so I know what you're going through. I think you should go on a diet. lt will help you lose weight and feel more energetic. On the other hand, look out for extreme diets. Remember that a good diet is a balanced diet.
a) Read the rubric and do the task. r---------------~
I~ Odpowiedz na pytania. I
2
3 4 5 6
7
,Q,
b) Listen to someone answering the last question. Where does she like to eat? What reasons does she give to support her preference?
70
opiszesz wady i zalety żywienia się
•
w stołówce szkolnej, doradzisz koledze, aby
zabierał
z domu 1 I
4
Use your notes from Ex. 3, phrases from the Useful Language box, and the plan below to write your letter.
Useful Language
)@f.J{§t§.im Rozmowa wstępna I L---------------~ Are there any foods that you would not eat as a child that you eat now7 Are you, or would you ever consider becoming, a vegętarian7 Why7NVhy not? Do you think about how many calories you eat each day7 Why7NVhy not? What do you usually eat for lunch? What foreign food have you tried? Did you like it? Why?NVhy not? Do you like to eat at fast food restaurants? Why?/ Why not? Do you like to eat at home or go out to eat? Give reasons.
opiszesz posiłki w swojej stołówce szkolnej,
•
--------------------d
c) Compare your eating habits to Danny's.
2
•
swój własny lunch.
przed
oraz wyjaśnisz dlaczego, opiszesz swój ulubiony posiłek.
-----------------~
Twój kolega z Anglii napisał do Ciebie list. w którym narzeka na żywienie w nowej stołówce szkolnej. W odpowiedzi napisz list (80-130 słów). w którym: • wyrazisz współczucie,
Twoja koleżanka z Anglii ostatnio bardzo przytyła I chce schudnąć. Zwróciła się do Ciebie z prośbą o radę. W odpowiedzi napisz list (80-130 słów). w którym: • wyrazisz współczucie oraz opiszesz, jak Ty
·L--------------------~ Fal se True
2 He likes to take a vitamin supplement in the morning. 3 He eats the same thing for lunch every day. 4 He isn't a vegetarian. 5 He prefers to cook for lots of people rather than just himself.
talking about it. Make notes.
r--------------------~
: podstawie.informacji zawartych w rozmowie. . 1 1 zdecyduj, które zdania ( 1-5) są zgodne z tresc1ą 1 1 tekstu (TRUE), a które nie (FALSE). Zaznacz I I znakiem X odpowiednią rubrykę w tabeli. I
{\
a1.31 BRead the rubric, then listen to two people
Generally, you should try to eat more fruits and vegetables. These foods are usually low in calories but full of vitamins and minerals. You'll lose weight in no time!
Giving advice • You should/shouldn't ... • lt wouldn't/might be a good idea (for you) to ... • (I think) the best thing would be to ... • Why don't you . „? • Have you thought of ... ? • Another good idea is to ... Result • Th is will mean that . . . • Then/That way ... • lf you do that, you ... Closing remarks • I hope my advice helps. • Let me know what happens. • Let's hope that things get better.
Why not start this evening? My favourite healthy l.'. ••meal is vegetable soup. lt's easy to make and will
11,,:make you feel full. I can send you a 'klike.
ręcipe
if you
~w Dear„„„.„.„„ ... „„ .. , (Para 1) opening remarks, sympatbise witb
friend
4
(Para' 2) describe tbe luncbes at your scl100!,
~ Use the phrases below to help you
present pros and cons qfscbool luncbes (Para 3) advise pen-:fridnd to b1·ing in tbeir own
describe the other picture.
!uncb " chop up vegetables • run a tap e prepare a meal • wear an apron • have a tidy kitchen Make sure you describe the picture in as much detail as possible.
2
Which sentences in the letter give advice?
expected results?
(Para 4) c!osing remarks, say you bope advice
belps
Yow:s-,
71
Odgrywanie roli
1 sQa
Read the rubric and do the
task.
2
---------'I
r I Usłyszysz dwukrotnie I trzy nagrania. Z podanych I możliwości odpowiedzi wybierz I właściwą. zgodną z treścią tekstu.
~ ~a!'"~IJ!t:!'t.A.:,.B_al~o-c____
Read the rubric, then organise the useful phrases under the correct headings in the table. r-------------------------~
.11
Recording 1 Lisa gives a possible reason why ... A Greg's waiter was impolite. B it took a long time for their meals to arrive. C Greg's food tasted so bad.
I
e danie wegetariańskie,
o
o B
propozycje dania głównego dla 10 osób,
I B propozycje napojów I i deserów,
najlepszy ~pospb ~e~9"'!a,nla dań -:- sarnoo!)sł!Jga lllb.l
B
L-------------------------
Recording 2 The speaker advises people „. A to shop at supermarkets instead of food markets. B not to choose the first items they come across at food markets. C to buy a variety of products at food markets.
W11mf/
Od dwóch tygodni przebywasz w Anglii w ramach : programu wymiany szkolnej. Wraz z goszczącą Cię tam osobą I zgłositeś/-aś się na ochotnika do zorganizowania poczęstunku 1 dla dziesięciu osób, który ma być serwowany podczas ich B ót . a przyjęcia pożegnalnego. W rozmowie ze wsp organizatorem I odnieś się do następujących kwestii: I
• • • • • •
help yourself to food • exotic fruit • substantial meal cook enough for 10 • lay on a buffet •sit-down meal suitable for vegetarians • a table that seats 1O bake a cake 0 stili or sparkling minerał water put on some hot food • veggie mince • meat-free non-meat eaters • tub of ice cream • soft drinks
Serving Arrangements
Preparation of Main Dish
Vegetarian Option
Drinks & Desserts
a ... A piane. B train. C cruise ship.
!'
3
Name some food festivals in your country. Have you taken part in one? What was it like?
. r/'i)
Do the speaking. task. Follow the plan.
Suggest discussing serving - G i v e your on whether /self-service or a more forma! arrangements first. style is best. Say which option you prefer. L-Respond and reach ::inr·oorno111.
Suggest a ma;n d;sh.
~espond to />:s suggesbon and
Suggest an alternative to B's main course idea. .~
/
add an idea of your own. Agree with A and suggest a vegetarian option.
Accept B's suggestion andLsuggest an alternative to A's suggest a dessert. / dessert idea. Accept B's suggestion and Lcome to an agreement on the suggest what drinks to serve. drinks.
4 ,Q, Listen to two people doing the task. What do they decide to serve? How will they serve it?
72
'
1
Recording 3 This announcement can be heard on
. .
Wybór wielokrotny
2
~..łt-
Read the rubric and the text. Do the task.
4 In the pancake race the wr1te1 A carne first B clicln't unclerstancl the rules. C was forbiclclen to continue D was too tirecl to fin1sh
Przeczytaj tekst na temat uczestnictwa młodego człowieka w święcie Pancai
w Wielkiej Brytanii. Na podstawie informacji w nim zawartych zdecyduj, które odpowiedzi są
U
~ e.r~w~ł~w.!;„ ~a~~I )!!erę,8.~..f !tb_D;.. ____ ~ The Pancake Olympics take place A throughout Englancl. B in a particular town in Englancl C on the same clay every year D on the clay after Pancake Day. 2 Traclitional pancakes don't conta1n . A dairy products. C syrup. B fruit. D salt The writer .. A B C D
was an experiencecl pancake rnaker had never macie pancakes before learnecl to make pancakes frorn a cookbook. was taught how to make pancakes by his brothe1
5 The writer of the text . A g1ves an account of a local celebration B g1ves tips on how to make healthy pancakes C recounts an embarrassiT-ig story frorn his chilclhoocl. D encourages reaclers to v1sit his hornetown
3
Read the text and find two dairy products and four verbs you can use to talk about cooking.
4i
Com pa re Pancake Day in , Scarborough to a food festival or event in : your country. In three minutes write a few sentences, then read them to the class.
73
:.'
E@fiWJ Shops & products I 1
• bookshop • boutique • florist's • optician's • greengrocer's • baker's • toy shop • fishmonger's
Label the shops.
~ying o
& sellingl
Usefu/ phrases Who says the following sentences? Write C (customer) or SA (shop assistant). l'm a size eight.
2 May I be of assistance? 3 I would like to pay in cash. We have a new product coming out. I would like to make a complaint. I would like to talk to the manager. Don't forget your change. Thank you for shopping with us. l'm just browsing. There is no price tag.
··································!
2
Where can you buy these things? Match the shops to the pictures.
IComplaining I 6
IT[]
Same of the programs clon't work. A jacket button was missing. ~ I can't transfer my music anto it. @I] lt doesn't have English subtitles. ~ Same of the pages are tom. ~ lt turns off before the water has boiled.
0=i
7
shoe shop cafe chemist's clothes shop stationery shop f travel agent's g butcher's h sports shop jewellery shop open-air market
74
IT[]
You can have your suit cleaned without it wet. We raise money for sick people by selling olei clothes and books. ~ We can give you a new hairstyle. [![] You can fincl presents for any occasion here. ~ Come here to have your car cleaned. ~ We sell materials you can make your furniture with. ITI] We can find you a new house in the city. [!L] We've gat a range of high quality salads and meats you can choose from.
CII=i
suit DVD book MP3 player kettle laptop
Fili in with: exchange, manager, money, stock, receipt, complaint,
about something I bought A: Hi! l'cl like to make a(n) 1) here. B: Do you want to speak to the 2) . „ „ „ „ .. ? A: Maybe you can help. I bought this coat last week, but the zip is broken. Can I 3) „ „. „„„„. it for another one? B: Do you stili have the 4) „„ ......... „ for it? A: Yes, it's in my purse. B: OK! Wait one minute, please.„ l'm afraid we clon't have any mare coats like that in 5) „ „ „ „ „ ... „„. A: Really? Is it possible to just get my 6) .. „„„.„„„„„. back, then? B: Sorry, but we don't give 7) „ „„„ ....... „„„ here. You can choose something else in the shop. A: Can I swap it for these jeans? B: Of course!
• afford • are • give • make • pay o take o have o wait
a b c d e
a b c d e
refunds.
Fill in the correct word.
A: I like those boots that 1) . on display. How much do they cost? B: Erm ... they're f100. A: Hmm. They're very nice, but I can't 2) ... „ „„„„ ..... „. to pay that price. B: Look, it's the last pair, so I can 3) „ „ „„. you an offer. 1'11 4) „ ..... „ .. „ .. „„„„„. you a discount of twenty per cent. A: That would be great. f80 then? B: That's right. A: OK. 1'11 take them. Thanks! B: No problem. But l'm afraid you will have to 5) „„ „„„. in cash. Is that OK? A: Yes, but I clon't 6) „.„„.„„.„„„ .. „„. money on me naw. 1'11 go to the ATM to 7) .... „ .. „ „. „ .. „ „ „ „. same cash out. B: Alright. But, don't 8) „. „. „ „ ... „ ...... „. in the queue when you come back. Come straight to see me. A: Oh, thank you. You're very kincl. B: Don't mention it.
Match the faults (1-6) to the items (a-f).
IAdvertisingl
8
Match the places (1-6) to the types of advertising (a-f). Which types of advertisements catch your attention the most?
IT[]
on the Internet on the TV or radio ~ in a letter box @I] in newspapers ~ on big boards next to roads ~ inshops
0=i
a hoardings b leaflets c personal ads cl brochures e pop-up ads commercials
• Prepositions
9 2 3 4 5 6
Choose the correct preposition. That shop is currently selling everything at/in half price. You can buy two bottles of shampoo from/for the price of one. You can place an ad in/to the paper if you want to sell something. Our restaurant menu caters with/for the tastes of young children. We've gat huge discounts for/on all aur winter clothing. Our company spends f 1,000 per/for month advertising in the local newspaper. O~) See Vocabulary Bank on p. 198) 7 5
1
2
You can read this text in a ... A guide book. B newspaper. C leaflet.
The picture shows a market. Where do you think it is? What can you find there? Are there markets like this in your country?
r---------------------------~
:11ill!tf!V Przeczytaj t~zy te~sty zwi~ane z targami ulic~~ymi. z podanych odpowiedzi wybierz własclwą. zgodną
z tresc1ą
tekstu. Zakreśl literę A. B albo C.
L---------------------------
: o
2 l'm afraid Mr Roberts is busy. Would you like to hold? A Can you call back later? B Do you want to wait? C Will I call him anyway?
Spitalfields Market, the writer „ gat wet from the rain. bought an antique. took some photographs.
4 'f1liJJ1Jl#/ Choose the option A, 3
B or C that is a translation of the Polish text in brackets and which correctly completes the gap.
Fill in: tourist, trading, trendy, Kyle MacDonald was 1l ...... it very difficult to get a job. His dream street, bargain, designer, food, glass1 • was to buy his own house, but with no job and no money, that clothing. Make sentences using dream looked like it would never become a reality. Then. one day
that small red paperclip could be the answer 21 .... „ his problems . Kyle decided to advertise this paperclip on a trading website . Within days, he received offers and decided to swap it for a fishshaped pen from a trader in Vancouver. Then, Kyle advertised the pen, which was traded for a handmade doorknob. Over the course of a year. Kyle continued his trading, until, in July 2006, he traded a 31 ... „. in a film for a small farmhouse in rural Canada. All in all. 4l „ .... took Kyle 14 trades to turn a small red paperclip into his new home. Kyle wrote a blog and a successful book about his adventure. His story teaches us about the potentia! of online trading. lt seems there is always someone 51 ...... who is interested in the things that we might easily just throw away!
..... brand ..... labels 2 3 ........................... prices 4 ...................... attractions 5 ....... „ ... market 6 ... vendor 7 ........................... boots 8 ....... „ ................. hours 9 .......................... panels
4
rub~sh leftt~=l~~~d~t7;~ ~~~ts:~~e~p :~;bin.the trading hours o~ s_am - 3 afterwards Please note that we are nsking our
~:l~~~d~,~~ :~tc~~~l~~fng this rule_" conta~t the market manager Harry Finch (Ph.: 6872232146) if you have any quest1ons. Hi Magda, l'm having a great time here in London. l've just retur_ned from Old Spitalfields Market. lt's a huge street market that's covered with glass panels. This meant that even though it was raining today, I could wander around for hours! I really enjoyed looking around the antique stalls and I picked up a pair of trendy boots in the clothes section. I also ate a delicious pie that I bought from a food vendor. 1'11 show you the snaps I took when I get back on Thursday, Ekaterina
„.
„„...„„..........
76""iiiiiii....
L---------------------------~
Excuse me, is this item in stock? A good value B on sale C available to buy
the completed phrases about the ' while he was getting ready to send off another job application. he markets mentioned in the texts •• noticed the red paperclip that was holding his CV together. Maybe
. . hall has been complaining about the amount of ' In recent weeks, city ·d ket City hall allows us to run th1s mar et on
I'
~
Located in the southwest of the city, this lively market is one of New Delhi's most popular tourist attractions. The area around the market is quite upper class, but that doesn't mean you won't find bargains here - especially in clothes. Almost every local and international clothing brand is on sale and most items are at bargain prices.
„
3 At A B C
Bm®
Choose the option A, B or C that best replaces the word(s) in bold.
------------------~---~ I Przeczytaj tekst. Z podanych odpowiedzi wybierz H : właściwą. tak aby otrzymać logiczny i gramatycznie poprawny : a tekst. Zakreśl literę A. B albo C. n
2 The writer of the text . . A announces new trading for the market. B requests stall holders to a regulation. C wams stall holders about a health risk.
Do the reading task. Justify your answers with reference to the texts.
1 I
3
Tick (.t) the boxes. Check in your dictionaries. poor
quality eyesight prices actor wages L_____::;___J.__ _ _ _..1--_ _ _ _ _
5
A A A A A
low
Compare Sarojini Nagar Market and Old Spitalfields Market with a market in your country. In three minutes write a few sentences. Tell the class.
~1
2
finding to character this out there
B B B B B
having of place it over where
c c c c c
knowing with role that any place
Choose the option A, B or C that completes the gap in both sentences. The woman was giving ...... leaflets advertising the sale. The dress that Lucy is wearing is „ .... of fashion. A up B out C through The cash ier forgot to ...... me for same of the items. Lisa was put in ...... of the office when the manager went on holiday. A charge B position C fee
You (dostałbyś) .. . player with this TV. A will get B would have got . C will be getting
a free DVD
2 lt's a really nice dress but (nie mnie na nią) ...... . A I can't afford it B I don't want to buy it C it's not my style
5
stać
mm
Complete the dialogues by choosing A, B or C. X: May I be of assistance?
Y:
····································· A l'm jusfbrowsing. B How can I help? C That's a good offer.
2 X: Will you pay in cash? Y: ............ „ .................... . ....... A Here's your change. B No, by credit card, please. C No, 1'11 take it as it is.
~:i
77
1
4
a) Match the notices (1-7) to the pictures (A-G). Then, name the shops which they advertise.
IT[] Save on writing materials - All items f4 or less ITI] Save Your Pennies! Carrots 80p per kilo! [lIJ Great Offers! Digital SLR cameras from f199 -
[IT] [rD
2 3 4
PCs starting
at f39~ Sweet Savings - Valentine's Chocolates Only f2.50 Spring Specials - Buy 6 Bagels Get 3 Free Huge Reductions 40% off all bracelets - From as litt!e as f60 Wonderful Wooden Desks and Cabinets - At Wonderful Prices!
5 6
7 8
9
b) What else can you buy in each shop? Which of these shops can you find in your neighbourhood?
lservices
I
° Collocations
2
Fill in the blanks in the newsletter using the words below. • main • shopping • value • organie • parking • in-store • indoor • household • wide • advice
10
IBuying o
& selling
I
Useful phrases
3
IComplaining I
prepositions
o
Shops & products
Choose the correct preposition. These T-shirts are in/on demand so we'll sell them all within a week. Could I try this in/at large, please? My laptop is guaranteed for/by two years. During the sales, 1'11 be able to buy these sunglasses at/in half price. I can't believe I found such a nice coat on/in the sal es. l'd buy the CD if I had enough money for/on me. They don't have the blue coat with/in stock anymore. I don't want my friends to spend too much money on/at me for birthday presents. Our new line of laptops will be at/on the market from Monday. Do plumbers usually charge by/in the hour?
IAdvertising I
5
Fill in with: forma/, go, sale, suit, medium, size, pair, try, wear.
Complete the comments on an Internet forum about advertising. • television • brand
of black trousers. Now open! Facilities at Parkhead Shopping Centre include 400 free I) ......... „ .. „ „ .. „... spaces, a rooftop restaurant and a .• petrol· station. Children can entertain themselves in our 2) ........ „ .... „ „ .. play area. Billco's Supermarket is located right next to the 3) :.. „ ... „ „ .... „ „ ..... entrance. Their fruit and vegetables are guaranteed to be 4) ... „ ... „ „ „ ........ „. for money. Buy fresh bread and cakes in its S) .... „ ................... bakery. There's also a health food section where you can buy 6) „ ..... „ ..... „ „ „ ..... products. Luke's DIY sto re caters for your 7) ...... „ „ „ „ „ „ .. „ ... . needs. In addition to materials like wood. you can buy a 8) ............. „ „ „ .... range of tools here. At Wellbetter. the chemist's. staff are alwąys available to giveyou 9) „ . „ . „ . „ . „ ..... „ . . . . . Everyone at Parkhead Shopping Centre is there to give you a pleasant IO) ... „ .. „ „ .. „ ........ „ experience.
or casual? B: They should be smart. I want to 3) . „ „. them for a job interview. A: The trousers are over here. What about these ones? They're on 4) „ „ . „ „ „ .. „ .... „.„ but they only come in grey and blue. B: That could work. Do you think they'd 5) . „ „ .. me? A: Yes, of course. Why don't you 6) . „ „ „ ... „ „ them on? What 7) . „ .„. „ are you? B: l'm a 8} .. „ A: OK. Here you go. B: Can I try them with a blue shirt as well? I just want to see if they 9) . well together. A: Sure. Take this one. B: Perfect. 1'11 be right back.
l'm fed up with advertisements. Every time I turn the radio on to listen to music, I hear the 1) ........... „ ... „ campaigns for the big 2) „ ................ nam es. I know the radio stations need the revenue but we need aur music.
Posil a comnienl
„ size
• pick " full • pay • shop " contact • ask • winter „ customer • give • sale
Dear Sir or Maclam,
I am writing to complain about the staff at your High Street branch. I bought an expensive coat in the 1) ........ „ .. „ . „ . „ ... „ ... sales recently. It was a bil big for me, but the 2) .. „ ....... „ „ ....... „ „ „ assistant toki me they could take it in for an extra f20. so I agreed.
I went back the next day to 3) .. „ .. „ „ ... „ „ „ „ . „ . „ . up my coat. I was in a rush and clicln't have time to try it on. When I got home. I realisecl the coat was too small for me. I couldn 't believe it. I went back to the shop to 4) ..... „ „ „ ... „ . „ . „ „ . „ . for my money back. The manager tolcl me the shop cloesn't 5) ..... „ „ ..... „ .... refunds on 6) „ „ ... „ „ .. „ ... „ items. Then, I askecl if I could exchange it. He told me I couldn't because the 7) ......... „ . „ „ . „ .•. „ . „ was altered. I was so angry I left the coat on the 8) . „ ... „ „ ...•••...... „ ... clesk and walkecl out. ......•.... „ ....•. „ . „ . service at your High Street branch is poor. I'd like a 10) ... „ ................... „ .. refund. Please find enclosed the receipt for the coat and my 11) .. „ ........ „ „ „ „ .. „ details.
I look forward to your reply. Yours faithfully, Steve Bent
j
Fred, I couldn't agree more. l've had enough of · 3) .. „ . „ „ „ .. „ „ „ ..... „ „ commercials, too. I can't sit and ;'.watch a sporting event without it being interrupted by 4) „ „ . „ „ „ „ .. „ ....... for fast food restaurants. l'd rather give the TV companies money not to be attacked by adverts. Posted by: Chris, 17:24 Well guys, you're both right. Even as I post this comment online, 5) .... „ „ .... „ ...... „ „ . „ ads are appearing on my screen. Technology seems to only make life easier for the 6) ... „ . „ . „ ........ companies and advertising firms and we don't have any control over
7
2 3 4 5
Choose the correct item. My size is always the first to sell up/out in the sal es. The price for the dress and the shoes aclds up/ out to f135. The taxi driver tried to rip me up/off by charging me double. You should order more of these books before they go into/out of stock. Can the furniture be sent in/over to my house?
ił.
Posted by: Angie, 18:24
78
Fili in the gaps in the letter of complaint with the words below. Why did Steve write it?
I believe the 9) ..... „
A: Good afternoon. Can I help you? B: Yes, l'm looking for a 1) „ ..... A: Would ycu like something 2) .
6
(~ J See Vocabulary Bank on p. 198)
79
i*ffl*"i@ Prawda/fałsz I 1
Wypowiedź na podstawie materiału stymulującego
Read the rubric and the statements.
1Q1
3
Do the listening task.
a) Read the rubric, then do the task. Use the Useful Language box below.
r--------------------,
~ Przyjrzyj się zdjęciom 1, 2 i 3. 1 : Robisz zakupy i chcesz coś przekąsić. Wybierz :
E-mail prywatny
2
(Writing Bank: /ist/e-mai/ prywatny)
i
Read the rubric, then read the model answer below. Fill in the gaps vvith the linking words/ phrases: and, so, but, in the end, /ike, actually.
~------------------~-· True
False
Customers need to spend more than f 1O to get a free pun net of strawberries.
2 Planet Fresh is between a bookshop and a post office. 3 Helen doesn't sell organie produce in her shop. 4 Helen says customers are mare interested in cheap produce than in organie produce. 5 Planet Fresh is the only
-----------------------
greengrocer's in the area selling local produce.
l§f@t§flp Rozmowa wstępna I 2
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1O
80
Read the rubric and do the task.
r--------------.,, Odpowiedz na pytania •I „I~ ______________ What shops do you regularly visit - e.g. Internet cafe?/bakery? Why? What is the best shop in your area? Why? Do you enjoy grocery shopping with your parents? Why?/Why not? Do you usually look at the price of something before you buy it? Why?/Why not? What do you usually spend your money on? Why? Do you buy second-hand things? Why?/Why not? Would you like to work in a shop? Why?/Why not? Do you prefer shopping at street markets or shopping malls? Why? Which do you prefer - shopping with friends or by yourself? Why? What things do you enjoy shopping for and what things don't you enjoy shopping for? Why?
~------~----------------~ I Odtwarzacz MP3, który niedawno : kupiłeś -aś, nie spełnił Twoich oczekiwań. Napisz 1 e-mail (80-130 słów) do kolegi/koleżanki z Wielkiej : Brytanii, w którym: 1 • wyjaśnisz, dlaczego zdecydowałeś/-aś się kupić I odtwarzacz MP3. : • poinformujesz, w jakim sklepie dokonałeś/-aś zakupu, 1 .I • przedstawisz wady i zalety produktu oraz powód, I dla którego chcesz go zwrócić, : • wyjaśnisz, że zgubiłeś/-aś rachunek i poprosisz I o radę, co w tej sytuacji zrobić.
• • • •
lt's quite cheap. • The atmosphere is friendly. lt's too expensive to afford. lt's not my cup of tea. lt seems to be popular with older people. b) Discuss two of the questions below.
Do you tip the waiter/waitress after you've sat in a cafe? Why/Why not? 2 How often do you eat out? 3 Do you find it hard to save money? Why/Why not? 4 Have you ever tried to persuade a salesperson to give you a discount? What happened?
How are you? I finally got an MP3 player. I bought it 1) .... „ „ „ „ „ . „ „ . „ . „ „ „ „ that I could listen to music while I walk to school in the mornings. 2) „ „ . „ „ „ . „ „ „ „ „ . „ . „ „ I got it in Easy Electronics. lt's a huge electrical shop in a shopping mall in the city. In same ways the MP3 player is really good. lt's got same nice features 3) „ „ „ . „ . „ . „ . „ „. „ „ „ „ a large me mory and a video player. 4) .„ . „ „ „ „ „ „ . „ „ . „ „ . „ the sound is awful. Every time I play a song, it has a crackling sound. 5) „ „ . „ „ „ „ ... „ . „ . „ „ „ „ l'm thinking of returning it 6) „ „ „ „ „ . „ „ „ „ „ „ . „ asking for a refund. The only problem is that l've lost the receipt! Do you think they will give me a refund without it? Any advice you could me would be great. Talk later, Jakub
am w
ubiegłym miesiącu
przebywałeś/-aś w hotelu w Anglii. ale nie
jesteś zadowolony /-a z pobytu. Napisz e-mail
(80-130 słów) do kolegi/koleżanki z Wielkiej Brytanii, w którym: opiszesz hotel i jego otoczenie, wyjaśnisz, na czym polegał Twój problem z obsługą. • wyrazisz żal, że zarezerwowałeś/-aś pobyt przez Internet, : poprosisz o radę, gdzie mógłbyś/mogłabyś n
B
Brestaurację lub kawiarnię, która najbardziej Ci 1 : odpowiada, i uzasadnij swoją decyzję. Wyjaśnij, : udlaczego odrzucasz pozostałe propozycje. 1
a) Read the rubric and underline the key words. r-------------------~~
_
je_:h!ć,!l"!.,W_!~c.Le .=a!o_!<.·_
_______
~
b) Brainstorm for ideas under the headings . description problem of hotel & with staff surroundings '
regret for booking online
ask for holiday advice
c) Write your email. Use your ideas and the plan below.
(Para 1) reasolljor uriti11g (Para 2) describe botel a11d St//TOU11di11gs (Para 3) pmblem witb sta.f.J,' regretfor booki11g
011/i11e (Para 4) as/J advicejor 11e.\·t bolidc~g c!osi11g
remarks
3
Work in pairs. Swap papers and evaluate your partner's piece of writing. U.?e the checklist below.
CHECKUST
for.
AM IMr-ORMAL
E\vi1Y.1t
Does the piece of writing have the correct worcl length? 0:1) Does it contain all the points in the rubric? li§} Does it have infonnal language and suitable linking words? Are there spelling, grammar or punctuation mistakes?
litffl!f€!ę1 Wybór wielokrotny I
ilfc@)f#ftf§ Odgrywanie roli I
(\
1 •1.351
Read the rubric. Do the task.
r-------------------~ I Usłyszysz dwukrotnie trzy
: nagrania. Z podanych odpowiedzi wybierz 1 właściwą. zgodną z treścią tekstu. Zakreśl R literę A. B lub C.
3
a) Read the rubric, then fill in the gaps in the sentences below with words from the list. r-----------------~~~
~
Przebywasz na wakacjach w Anglii. I Wczoraj Twój tata. który nie mówi po : angielsku, kupił Ci sweter. Niestety sweter jest I w nieodpowiednim rozmiarze, musisz więc : odnieść go do sklepu. W rozmowie ze sprzedawcą uwzględnij następujące kwestie:
1 B
L----r--------------d
Recording 1 The customer can't get a refund because A he can't prove he bought the product in the shop. B the salesman who sold him the product isn't present. C he didn't bring the product to the shop.
zły
paragon,
wymiana towaru lub zwrot pieniędzy,
rozmiar swetra,
sweter był prezentem.
Recording 2 The A B C
department stare ... will be closed on Christmas Eve. has discounts on all electrical goods. has a temporary sale on kids' shoes.
back return
2 3
Recording 3 The A B C
speaker of the recording is a ... taxi driver. tour guide. train conductor.
llf.ifJt@(!' Opis ilustracji j 2
4 5 6 7
possible receipt
present
si ze
small
Somebody bought it for me as a „ „ . lt's tao . „ „ . for me. Would it be „ „ ......•.. „.. .. . .. to exchange it another size? Can I have my money .... „ •..... „ ..•. „ •• ? l'd like to . „ •..... „ . „ . „ ... „ this, please. I stil I have the „ „ ... „ ... „ „ . „ „ . . They bought the wrong . „ . „ „ ...... „ . b) Use the sentences from Ex. 3a and the plan below to do the role-play.
Wybór wielokrotny
1
Do you go shopping often? Where do you go? Who with?
2
Have you ever been in an embarrassing situation white shopping? Tell the class.
3
Read the rubric and do the reading task.
:r------------------~ WlJfJ!!iiiJ/ Przeczytaj tekst. Z podanych
O
0
A
Describe the picture. Use these words: shop
B Greet the customer and ~z Explain what you want to return. offer to help.
assistant, friendly, try on, show,jewel/er's, he/pfu/.
Ask when it was boug? Tell ~ and offer the
~sk what the problem~, rece1~t. 1s.
<
;::>-Explain what
happene~
Explain that those and ask for jumpers are now out ot~ another s1ze. stock. <~. Ask for your money Try to persuade B to • · back. ~ Refuse and give take something else.
<
82
First, we took the escalator to the third and looked floor, around the electrical "Which you think is asked my George. We were looking for a new kettle as ours had stopped working that rnorning. "1 like this one," I said pointing to a shiny silver model. "What do you think?" "You're the boss," smiled George. "Now, let's go and find you a dress." On the fourth floor, we entered the women's clothing department. I needed to buy a dress to wear to a friend's wedding the following month. George spent five minutes pretending to help me, then wandered off. I didn't mind.
Ask :he value of the reasons. lnsist on a rece1pt. ~ refund. Complete the ~Tell A. transaction. ---~Thank B.
o
odpowiedzi wybierz właściwą. z treścią tekstu. Zakreśl
zgodną
~ - - ~·~·.S: ,!.u~!?.; -
: literę n
- - - - - - - - -
~
When the couple was choosing a kettle to buy, George. A disagreed with the writer. B didn't offer an opinion. C suggested they buy the cheapest model. D decided without consulting the writer. 2 How did the writer feel when George left her in the women's clothing department? C angry A clisappointed B sympathetic D surprisecl 3 When the writer arrived at the cafe, George was . C reading something. A buying a croissant. B eating a croissant. D drinking coffee.
I knew I was lucky he had even agreed to come dress shopping with me. After choosing a clress, I went to look for George. I eventually found him in the store's cafe, an empty cup of black coffee on the table and a sports newspaper spread widely in front of his face. "Hello!" he said with a smile when he saw me. "I just carne up here to buy you a chocolate croissant." 1 laughed. "Oh you did, did you? And the croissant would be ... where exactly?" "Well, you got here just as I was about to buy it," said George with a grin. "What a thoughtful husband I have! '·' I said. After enjoying a relaxing half hour in the cafe, we left the stare. As we did, an alarm sounded. Unaware that it was us who had set off the alarm, we continued walking out into the street. A security guard ran after us. "Sir! Madam! We need to check your bags." I stared at him in amazement. "Why?" I demanded. "Do you think we are shoplifters? ! " "Of course not, Madam. But I need to follow stare poi icy." Once inside, I opened my purse, found our receipts and handed them over. "There!" I said emphatically. "Now please apologise." "Thank you, Madam. But I need to look in your bags." I opened them and that's when we discovered a security tag had been left on my dress. "This is what set off the alarm," said the security guard. "My apologies - our cashiers are always forgetting about this." I looked over at George. His face was bright red. I knew it would be a long time before he agreed to come shopping with me again. 4 The couple were stopped because of a mistake made by ... A a cashier. C the alarm system. B a security guard. D George. 5 In A B C D
the text, the writer ... advises women how to shop with their husbands. warns shops about shoplifters. admits to stealing something. narrates an embarrassing occasion.
4
Explain the words in bold. Which of these are phrasal verbs?
5
lmagine you were involved in the stare incident. Would you have reacted the same way as the writer? In three minutes write a few sentences. Tell the class.
83 • .•. ·;.·
t
Odgrywanie roli Usłyszysz
dwukrotnie wypowiedzi czterech
5
osób na temat zakupów. Przyporządkuj je do zdań, które najlepiej podsumowują ich wypowiedzi,
przyjacielem/swoją najlepszą przyjaciółką. Postanowiliście/Postanowiłyście wspólnie kupić solenizantowi prezent. W rozmowie z przyjacielem/ przyjaciółką uwzględnij następujące kwestie:
wpisując odpowiednie litery (A-E) w kratki (1-4).
Jedno zdanie podane zostało dodatkowo i nie pasuje do żadnej wypowiedzi.
H
Speaker1 The speaker recommends an online grocery shopping service. Speaker 2 The speaker says why he/she Speaker 3 stopped shopping online. Speaker 4 The speaker explains how shopping online has improved his/her health. We learn about the extra costs involved in shopping online. You can hear this announcement in a supermarket.
arrods is one ot the most famous
Zostałeś/-aś zaproszony/-a na przyjęcie urodzinowe kolegi z klasy razem ze swoim najlepszym
cena prezentu, hobby/zainteresowania solenizanta,
miejsce zakupu prezentu,
propozycje prezentu.
department stores in the world. lt began
in 1849 when Henry Charles Harrod opened a one-room tea and grocery shop in Brompton
i odpowiedzi na pytania
6
running the tamily business in the 1860s, it
X: Excuse me, is this item on sale?
was selling a much wider range ot goods including furniture, crockery and pertume.
QI] At one time, it even sold exotic pets!
Y: ·································································· .
A No, you can't exchange it. B Yes, it's half price.
'firsts' in its history. For example, in 1884, Harrods
h tation f2TI The tollowing year, Harrods Harrods was not the world's first department store, but the re are manyl . d th t re to replace a centra cas s .~ . . eso. . ot the world's first escalators carne mto use m the introduced tills at various pomts aroun began to let people pay for their goods on credit, and in 1898, one " · reality it is a shop. . . i ue means ':A.li things for all people everyw ere, m Although Harrods' Latin motto, Omnia Omnibus Ub q ' . I th These days it has more than 300 departments on k I ·ts expens1ve co es. • store for the wealthy, particularly well- nown or ' h 't doors There are some rules that customers have to 1 ·11· eople a year pass throug s · ·b·t d And seven floors and some 15 ffil 1on p h d ven dirty clothes are strictly prohl I e . r:ill . fi t s that reveal your stomac an e fellow though. ~ Shorts, fhp ops, op k to put it away or leave the building! il you,walk through Harrods eating a sandwich, expect someone to as you
C Let me see if I have that size. 2
h
A
In 1989, it introduced a dress code which not well-dressed. means that you can't enter the store if you ar
B Soon, the store was trying to provide ever thin C And its equally pricey designer label tt Y g anyone could need under one roof. . s a ract customers from ar d th D Th1s meant that customers didn't h t . oun e country. E There are CCTV c avę o wa1t so long for their change. ..,7l'l___,,,_~·~~---a_m__ eras around the store continually looking for shoplifters.
@H@i~ Dobieranie I 1 84
Uzupełnij poniższe dialogi, zakreślając literę A. B albo C.
Road in London. By the time Harrod's son wa.s
r---------------------------~~-~-~-----------~ Przeczytaj powyższy tekst, z którego usunięto trzy zdania. Wpisz w luki (1-3) litery, którymi : 0 oznaczono brakujące zdania (A-E), tak aby otrzymać logiczny i spójny tekst. Dwa zdania zostały podane o 1 dodatkowo i nie pasują do żadnej luki. n
L---------------------------~~~~~---~-----~--~
X: Do you sell music CDs here? Y: „ . „ . „ „ .. „ . „ . „ „ „ „ . „ ••.•. „ . „ . „ . „ .
„.„.„„„„„„„„
A They're not on sale. B Not in this department. C No, it comes out next week. 1 Why do you think this man wants new shoes? 2 Do you always try on clothes in the shop before you buy them? Why/Why not? 3 When did you last visit a shopping mall? What did you do the re 7
Rozmowa wstępna
1 Do you ever shop on the Internet? Why?/Why not? 2 Do you like buying presents? Why?/Why not? 3 Do you buy souvenirs when you visit a place? Why?/Why not? 4 Have you ever bought something because you saw it advertised? 5 Did you ever buy something that you wished you hadn't afterwards?
E-mail prywatny (Writing Banie: list!e-mail prywatny)
6
Natrafiłeś/-aś na stronę internetową www.bargainstime.com, która bardzo Ci się podoba i chcesz ją zarekomendować koledze/koleżance z Anglii. Napisz do niego/niej e-mail (80-130 słów). w którym: • poinformujesz, w jaki sposób dowiedziałeś/-aś się o istnieniu strony• • opiszesz część ubioru, którą kupiłeś/-aś za pośrednictwem strony, przedstawisz zalety i wady strony, polecisz adresatowi/-ce produkt oferowany na stronie, który Twoim zdaniem może się mu/jej spodobać.
85
A
MMfl@M\i Means of transport I 1
a) Match the words {A-H) to the pictures {1-8).
3
IHoliday problems I
B
Holidays & holiday activities
c D E F safari
Match the words {A-F) to the piet ures { 1-6).
Match the types of accommodation (A-F) to the pictures (1-6).
1
A tent B camper van c five-star hotel D bed & breakfast (B&B) E cha Iet
() Col!ocations
8
ful/y-booked, bad, lost, car. 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
o
1
I
b) Which of these means of transport can you:
get on? get off? get into? get out of? land? drive? ride? sail?
2
Put the words in the list under the correct categories. Add three mare words to each category. •coach • flight • hitchhike • airport • tracks • yacht • couchette • dock • pilot • motorway • platform • port
Road Travel Air Travel Train Travel Sea Travel
86
ITI] [I[] [ID @I]
safari activity holiday camping holiday walking holiday ~ beach holiday [I[] city break [ [ [ ] skiing holiday
go for long hikes visit museums watch the wildlife build a sandcastle play in the snow sit around a campfir g try extreme sports
a b c d e
)/ou con 1vatch the wildlife on n snl'nn
5
Match the functions (a-h) to the equipment (1-8)
a protect your eyes from inju b keep your hands warm in the cold [I[] waterproof c keep you dry if it rains jacket [ID binoculars d be helpful in case someon gets hurt @I] first aid kit e stop you getting lost fil] compass carry all your [I[] ski mask belongings in one bag [ [ [ ] hiking boots g see things that are far aw ~ gloves h make it easier to walk lon distances
QI]
backpack
l
lll
Useful phrases 1
Fill in with: fu//, lounge, en suite, live, double, se1vice, reception, access, book, luxurious.
Chelsea Hotel is a(n) 1) .„„„ .. „.„„.„ .. „.„ ... „ .. „. five-star hotel in central London. It's the pe1fect płace to stay for a city break! We offer single, 2) „ ... „ ... „.„ ... „.„„. or twin rooms all • with 3) „„„.„ ... „.„ ... „ .. „ bathrooms and 24hour room 4) „ .. „ .. „ .. „ ... „ .. „„. . Your room p1ice also includes a(n) 5) „ .. „„„„„„„„„„ .. English breakfast as well as free Internet 6) „„„ .. „ .. „ ........ „ .. on the hoteł's computers in the 7) .„„ .... „„ .. „„„. area. Our 8) .. „ ..... „ ... „„„„ is the ideał płace to sit and have a cup of coffee while guests can also enjoy 9) „ .. „„„„.„ .. „„.„ .. entertainment every ni<>ht in the hoteł's own ballroom. All the staffat Chelsea Hotel do their best to make sure you have holiday to remember! To 10) „„ ......... „„......... your room today call
Maria was upset that she ......... „ .. . . . „ „ . her flight. People can . „ „ „ „ „ „ . . . . . . . . . . sunburnt if they sit in the sun for a long time. He was badly injured in a „ „ „ „ „ „ . „ „ . „ „ . crash. I had to buy new clothes on holiday because the airline „ „ . „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ .. my luggage. All the beaches on the island are in August. The hotel staff was awful! We'd like our money back for the „ „ . „ . „ „ „ „ „ . „ .. service. The air-conditioning wasn't „ .. „ . . . „ „ „ „ . „ „ so it was very hot inside the room. Make an early reservation to avoid finding only „ „ .. „ „ „ „ „ „ . „ „ hotels.
Prepositions
9 Match the type of holiday (1-7) to the correct activity (a-g}, then make sentences as in the example.
Fill in with: get, crowded, working, missed,
Choose the correct word.
1 We have to pay for the holiday on/in full by tonight. 2 The bus broke down so we had to go to the museum by/on foot. 3 Did you call the hotel to check with/for availability? 4 He spent the whole day sitting by/back the hotel pool. 5 I dislike travelling by/with bus.
ITravel
I
1OMatch the definitions (a-g) to the words (1-7).
IJIJ boot [ill inspector [1IJ licence [![] gate [I[] airline fil] conductor [IDcrew
a a company that carries passengers or goods by piane b a piece of paper that says you are allowed to drive c a place in an airport where you leave from to get on a piane d the person who checks whether you have a valid bus or train ticket e the space at the back of a car where you can put your bags all the people who work on a piane or ship g the person who collects money for tickets on a train or bus
(„ J See Vocabulary Bank on p. 200)
87
3 ~ Choose the option A, Wybór wielokrotny
What tourist attractions do you know in your country? What can tourists do there?
2
I
a) What can you see in London 7 Read and check. b) Do the reading task. Justify your answers.
~
ifiii1J- ~:~~ :~. ;:k::j:;ś;t;ks;u
1
dodatkowo i nie odnoszą się do żadnej części tekstu.
- -
~ (1-4) dopasuj nagłówek (A-F) i wpisz w każdą kratkę ~ : odpowiednią literę. Dwa nagłówki zostały podane
\~/Przeczytaj tekst. Z podanych odpowiedzi wybierz
B
:
właściwą. tak aby otrzymać logiczny i gramatycznie poprawny
1
I
tekst.
:
Zakreśl literę A. B albo C.
Eye - the tallest Ferris wheel in Europe - is the perfect way to see London. Situated on the banks of the River Thames, it has 32 capsules that can carry you 135 metres into the air for incredible views of the city. You can walk around the capsules and see famous landmarks in every direction such as Big Ben, Buckingham Palace and Westminster Abbey.
[ID Would
you like to have your picture taken with David Beckham? How about Lady Gaga? Visit Madame Tussauds wax museum and you can come face to face with hundreds of famous people from the past and the present. In Madame Tussauds there are thousands of life-size wax models of sports stars, film stars, historical figures and mare - and every year mare and mare models are added. ·
3
Fill in: live, historical, skilled, Ferris, life-size, sports.
„ „ .... „ „ ....... actors 2 „ .... „ „ ...... „ . shows 3 ... „ .. „ ...... „ „ wheel 4 „ „ „ ..... „ „ .... wax models
4
5 6
. „ „ .......... „ „
2 Would you mind sitting in the aisle seat so that I can sit by the window? A Be careful not to sit B Is it a problem if you sit C Are you thinking of sitting
fig ures
we/1-known.
88
the London Dungeon is the scaries attraction in London! Visitors can see live show and go on terrifying rides to learn about the sc9 events and characters in London's past. Everywher you tum, skilled actors performing as Jack th Ripper and Sweeny Todd, same of London's mos notorious murderers, will terrify you as well a teach you about their roles in the city's history. lt' an experience you'll never forget!
4 unched in August, 2012, GetGoing.com is an online travel agency ith a difference. lnstead of 1) ... „. you to search for and book the liday destination of your choice, this website chooses the stination for you! When you log anto the website, you type in . ur home airport, your travel dates, and same information about he activities you like doing while on holiday. Then, the website will .rea te a list of destinations that 2) ...... yo ur tastes. Naw, you mu st ick your favourite two locations, enter your payment information d click 'purchase'. After that, there's no 3) ...... back! The website ·11 randomly choose which of the two destinations you will travel lt's like flipping a co in! Many people who have used 4) „ .... bsite have described how exciting it is to let a computer decide r holiday destination. And, as well as flights, GetGoing.com will range accommodation for you at your destination. So, next time u're considering taking a trip, take the stress 5) ...... choosing your liday destination. lnstead, let GetGoing.com send you on the liday of your dreams!
[![] Discover the
magie of the big screen at th London Film Museum. Situated in the South Ban area of London, the LFM displays costumes, prop and sets.from same of the most famous films eve produced in Britain such as GoldenEye and Bridge Jones's Diory. Also, in one corridor of the museu you can go behind the scenes and find out ho films are made. lt's a must see for all film fans!
5
allowing form
Match the words in bold in the text to their synonyms below. • most frightening • clothes • located • discover • parts • made
B B B B B
toallow rnatch/ · movjng this out of
Choose the option A, B or C that completes the gap in both sentences.
Replace the words in bold with their synonyms from the list: scary, amazing, infamous, idea/,
1 incredible views 2 terrifying rides 3 notorious murderers
l2:[]
stars
„ „ „ ....... „ ... .
perfect way 5 famous landmarks
4
1
Contact me soon if you want to join me at the country house. A Lose touch with B Touch down with C Get in touch with
L-------------------~----~-~
~
~----------------------d
QI] A ride on the London
B or C that best replaces the word(s) in bold.
r~---------~~------------=~~
Th is song brings ...... memories of my holiday in Paris. Terry was glad to be „ „ .. home after his Mediterranean cruise. A about B back C down
61· .
You are in London for one day. Which two of these places would you choose
to.vis..it. 7 W. hy? In three minutes write a few..
l~~-~e~_C:::· Tell the class.
.. ··.!
_j
You should ...... my advice and visit the art gallery. lt will ...... the bus three hours to reach the hotel. A take B make C give
Choose the option A, B or C that is a translation of the Polish text in brackets and which correctly completes the gap. Anne (męczy jazda) long distances. A is tired of driving B finds it tiring to drive C is tao tired to drive
2 Paris is a beautiful city. (Czy byłaś tu już wcześniej?) A What was it like before? B Have you been here before? C Have you already left?
5
am
Complete the dialogues by choosing A. B or C. X: Do you have any free rooms for
tonight? Y: .............. ~................................ . A l'm afraid we're booked up. B You have to pay for them. C They're very spacious. 2 X: How did you getto the hotel? Y: ...................... „ ................ . A We had a very enjoyable stay there. B We took a taxi from the airport. C We booked it online.
89
IHolidays & holiday activities I 1
4
Choose the odd one out.
ferry - tram - kayak - yacht helicopter - piane - hot-air balloon - lorry passenger - pilot - driver - captain departure gate - check-in desk - platform passport eontrol 5 boot - motorway - tyre - air bag 6 bike - rickshaw - piane - pedal boat
2
3
5
[!O
ITIJ
~
board give ride change catch drive travel go
• relaxing • active • fascinating • thrilling • exciting • boring • cheap • expensive • disappointing • tiring • dangerous I fike beoch holic/Oi'S becmce Uiev're refm:.tnD. I don't fi t\'n/Un9 hoill1
a
b c d e
g h
5
train station? 3 You need to „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ at Oxford Station to continue your journey to London. 4 Sue never „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ . She doesn't like
[IT]
8J
[![] [IT] [!O
ITIJ ~
2 3 4 5
6
90
A: Good morning, Merchant Hotel. How can I help you? 8: Hello, l'd like to 1) a room, please? A: Certainly, Sir. What 2) . „ „ „ . „ wo uId you like to stay? 8: From the 2nd to the 7th of February. A: And what type of room do you want? 8: A 3) . „ „ „. „ „ . „ „ „ „. room with an en-suite 4) . „ „ „ „ „ „ . „ „ . „ „ „ „ . „ „ „ please. A: OK. That would be f400 for the room and f40 extra if you want to 5) . „ „ „ „ . „ „ „ „. „ „ „ breakfast. 8: No, thanks - just the room, please. By the way, do I need to book for treatment in your health 6) „ „ „ „ before I arrive·? A: No, you can do so when you get here. 8: OK, that's good. And what time will I have to 7) „ „ „ . „ . „ . „ . „ „ „ in on the day I arrive? A: Anytime you like, Sir. The reception 8) „ . „ . „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ . „ . „ . „ is open until 12 pm. But we advise our guests to 9) „ „ . their booking on the day before their 10)
„„.„„„.„.„„„„„„„„„.
8: OK, 1'11 do that. Thanks for your help.
Which types of accommodation in the list are the people talking about?
I had a really uncomfortable night as the sea was very rough.
2
lt was really cheap to stay there, but I didn't like sharing a room with strangers.
4
A little water gat through our tent when it rained last night.
8
9
lt was situated in a ski resort high up in the mountains.
jorca that I purchased through your travel agency. 'Firstly, the flight from London was 2) „ „ . „ .„ „ „ „ „ . „ by four ;2hours. Ouring the last two hours, we were sitting on board
Whenever we wanted a change of scene, we attached it to the car and drove away!
„ . „ „ „ .• „ „ „ „ . „ .
gave us
ho information nor did they apologise at any stage. "Also, the 4) „ „ . „ . „ „ „ „ „ „ „ . was awful. First of all, our room „ „ „ „ „ „ „ .. „ „ „ „ .
view; all we could see from our
Window was a car park! In addition to that, there were no clean 6) „ „ „ . „ . „ „ „ . „ . „ „ .. „.. in the room. But when we complained to the manager, he just ignored us! In fact, all the hotel 7) „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ . we re very rude. I demand compensation for the B) „ . „ „ „ . „ „ „ „ „ „ . service I received and insist you refund the full cost of the holiday. Yours sincerely,
Read the email and fill in: hiking, tour, heavy, admired, loca/, sondy, top-class.
:Q ...
Dear Chris, Hello from Crete! l'm having a great time here. lt's a really beautiful island with 1) „ „ „ „ „. „. „ „. „ „ „ „ „ „. beaches. Yesterday, i we put on our 2) .„. „ „ „ „ .•. „. boots and went on an excursion to Samaria Gorge National Park. Our 3) . „ . „ „ „ „ „ „ . „ „ „ „ „ guide led us up same hills where we 4) „ „ „ „ „ „ . „ „ „ „ . „ . the view of the countryside below. I took lots of photos there! There are also many 5) „ „ „ „ .. „ .. „. „ „ . „ „. restaurants and the 6) „ „ „. „. „ . „ „ „ . „ . „ „ dishes are delicious. The whole is land has such a relaxing atmosphere that it'll be hard to go back to all the noise and 7) . „ „ „ . „ „ „ „ . „ „ „ „ „ „ „ . traffic in London next week! See you soon, Tim my
i
lrourisml resorts, cu/tures, spots, industry, disturbed, help.
ar Mr Drake, ant to complain about a(n) 1) „ . „ „ „ „ . „ „ . „ „ .. holiday to
the piane waiting for take-off. The 3)
I
1ORead the blog and fili in the gaps with: find,
Fill in the letter with: bad, crew, towels, staff, accommodation, de/ayed, package, terrible.
had a(n) 5)
3
lrravel
IHoliday problems I
• caravan • campsite • youth hostel • ski lodge • cabin
Choose the correct word.
five-star hotel. 6 We plan to set in/out early in the morning.
B a museums b postcards c photographs d sightseeing e by the pool loca! dishes g natu re h souvenirs
IHoliday accommodation I
Phrasal verbs
As soon as we packed our bags, we set off/on to the airport. Our uncle dropped us up/off at the port so we wouldn't miss our boat. l'd have missed the flight if they hadn't called for/out my name at the airport. The piane took off/away half an hour late. The taxi pulled down/up outside an expensive
A take visit try sit go buy send enjoy
While I om on holiclov, I eniov tounst ottmdrons
using public transport. 5 My dad „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ . „ „ „ „ in his car every morning.
3
What do you enjoy doing while you are on holiday? Form phrases and say.
IT:EJ
sb to school by train sb a lift on foot the piane a bike trains the bus
Passengers should „ „ ................. „ ..... twe nty minutes before take-off. 2 Could you „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ .. „ .. in yo ur car to the
e
hecn11se I illlnf, thev're hormn
Verb phroses
Match the words to make collocations. Then use them in their correct form to fili in the sentences.
[!O [IT]
What kinds of holidays do you like/not like? Why? Choose adjectives from the list to use in your answers.
Read the dialogue and fili in the gaps with:
desk, arrival, confirm, bathroom, book, include, check, spa, dates, twin. 1
1 2 3 4
„ Co//ocations
7
Hi everyone! l'm just back from my holiday on Zakynthos, Greece. I had a great time, but it was a little shocking to see the dramatic. effects of the tourist 1) „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ . „ „ on parts of the island. Many beauty 2) „ „ „ „ „ „ „ . „ „ „ „ have been ruined by ugly tourist 3) . „ „ „ „ „ „ . „ . „ „ „ . Also, I learned that tourism has seriously 4) „ „ .„. „ „ „ „ „ „ „. the loca I wildlife, especially the loggerhead sea turtle. Liii'•
X
Alan, don't forget tourism has a positive side, too! My father owns a hotel here in France, and l've seen a lot of good come from tourism. Firstly, tourism can 5) „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ . an area's economy. Loca Is can 6) „ „ . „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ jobs in tourism and improve the quality of their lives. Also, they can meet people from many different 7) „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ . . l've met people from all over the world in the hotel!
SuzieA_87
Conrad McGill
(~ J See Vocabulary Bank on p. 200)
91
lm@ttłtfl@Prawda/fałsz
I
1 l;?.
3
Read the rubric and the statements, then do the task.
Odpowiedz na pytania.
&U Usłyszysz dwukrotnie rozmowę
w niej zawartych zdecyduj, które zdania (1-5) są zgodne z treścią tekstu (fRUE), a które nie (FALSE). : Zaznacz znakiem X odpowiednią rubrykę w tabeli.
2 3
~---------------------~ -----
4 5
I 1
True
2
3 4
5
Alex has just begun his year of travelling. This isn't the first time that Alex has travelled by himself. Alex doesn't find travelling alone a problem. Alex plans to learn some of the local language. Alex expects it to be difficult to get an English teaching job.
'*'*' 2
False ·1
Nie mogłeś/-aś uczestniczyć w przyjęciu urodzinowym przyjaciela. Swoją nieobecność chcesz mu zrekompensować wspólną wycieczką. We-mallu (80-130 słów): • przeproś za nieobecność podczas przyjęcia urodzinowego, • zrelacjonuj, co wtedy robiłeś/-aś, • zaproponuj krótką. wspólną wycieczkę, • opisz miejsce, do którego chciał(a)byś się
a) Read the rubric and the phrases below. Which phrases (1-8) are (A) advantages and which are (0) disadvantages?
udać.
Write sentences to apologise for the following situations. You lost your cousin's sunglasses.
2 You were late for your friend's dinner party. 3 You didn't visit your aunt while she was in hospital. 4
4
You forgot to invite your colleague to a party.
Make suggestions for the following situations. Suggest you and your friend go to a rock concert together.
2 Suggest your friend buys a book you really enjoyed. 3 Suggest meeting your friend for a coffee. 4 Suggest your friend visits the city's modern art gallery.
Przebywasz na wakacjach z przyjacielem/ : przyjaciółką z Anglii. Chcesz zwiedzić słynny zamek.
1
który jest oddalony o trzy godziny drogi. W rozmowie I z kolegą/koleżanką dotyczącej wynajmu auta omów : następujące kwestie: I
191
koszt,
a) Read the rubric and the statements, then do the task. Justify your answers.
~ Usłyszysz dwukrotnie wypowiedzi
: czterech osób na temat wakacji. Przyporządkuj im I zdania, wpisując odpowiednie litery (A-F) w kratki : (1-4). Dwa zdania podane zostały dodatkowo i nie B pasują do żadnej wypowiedzi.
1 D
~---------------------~
·-A The hotel we were sent to wasn't open any more. B We had to pay extra for our mea Is. C We weren't booked into our Speaker 1 c--hotel for the full length of our Speaker 2 ,_ holiday. Speaker D Our hotel room was in a terrible Speaker 4 condition. E The hotel had a known problem with catering. F We were moved to a new hotel against our wishes.
3-
92
suggestions.
Odgrywanie roli
4
Dobieranie j
b) Describe a problem you had while on holiday.
B
Where do you like to go on holiday? Do you enjoy travelling by piane? Why?/Why noą Which country/place would you most like to visit in the world? Why? ' What is your least favourite form of transport? Whyl lf you had the choice between a beach holiday and a safari, which would you choose? Why?
---- - -
r---------------------~
I
Read the rubric, then the model. Find the phrases the writer uses: to apo/ogise, to make
-------c==:t==-t=mdl
dotyczącą podróżowania Na podstawie informacji
3
(Wrlting Bank: list/e-mai/ p1ywatny)
Read the rubric and do the task.
r---------------------~
:
- E-mail prywatny
Rozmowa wstępna
dogodność,
wygoda,
I I I
czas.
L---~----------------cost of hire and petrol 2 go at your own pace 3 tiring to drive 4 get lost
5 not restricted to tr times 6 share the rental co 7 avoid crowded tra 8 faster than the trai
Hi Tony, . Hope you're well. l'm so sorry I didn't make it to yo~r birthday party yesterday. I feel awful ab~ut it. Unfortunately, something carne up at the last min~te. While my dad was driving home from work. his car broke down. My mum had to go and collect him and tow his car to the garage. So, that meant I had to stay at home and take care of my little sister all evening. I want to make it up to you, though. How about we go on a short holiday next weekend? My uncle owns a fiat in Blakeney, a lovely coastal village that's just two hours away on the train. lt's got a sandy beach and lots of trendy cafes and restaurants. let me know if you're interested,
b) Use phrases from Ex. 4a and the plan below. to act out your dialogue. ·
Ask for
on _..,,,,,. Say why you
Read the rubric, then do the task. Use the Useful Language box below. r
ma
;p;d~t:/-~ ::ek:n~
-----
on
u rodziny przyjaciela. Podczas swojego pobytu zepsułeś/-aś telewizor. Napisz e-mail do przyjaciela (80-130 słów), w którym: • opiszesz, jak spędziłeś/-aś weekend, • wyrazisz swoją opinię na temat okolicy, w której przebywałeś/-aś, • przyznasz, że zepsułeś/-aś telewizor I przeprosisz, • zaproponujesz rekompensatę.
it 0
hiring a car.
5
/ / would be convenient.
Say why you think it i~ Mention a comfort wouldn't be conven~ advantage of a car. .Mention a comfort ~Say why cost is not su disadvantage and the / a problem. Compare · high cost. travelling time with a ) train. Agree. Add one mare - . Reach a fina! agreem advantage of hiring a car.
Apologising - Suggesting
2
Read the sentences below. Which express (A) apology and which make (S) suggestions? l'd like to say sorry about the way I spoke to you . I feel terrible about Tuesday night. My mistake - sorry! How about dinner at my place? I quite fancy going, do you? Forgive me - I didn't realise. Let's watch a football match at my place. lt's about time we met up.
Useful Language Apologising • l'm sorry I ... but .„ • Sorry I didn't „. • lt was my mistake. l'm really sorry. Suggesting • How about ... ? • Let's „. • What do you think of „.? • Fancy -ing ... ?
93
1
Wypowiedź na podstawie materiału stymulującego
19a Read the rubric and the questions. Underline the key words. Then do the task.
r-----------~----~
\lmJlmr/ Usfyszysz dwukrotnie trzy :
nagrania. Z e.odanych możliwości odpowiedzi wybierz właściwą. zgodną z treścią tekstu. Zakreśl literę A. B albo C.
3
Read the rubric, then do the task. Use the Useful language box below.
r----------------------------Md Przyjrzyj się zdjęciom 1, 2 i 3. Planujesz wakacje i musisz
1
:
wybrać jeden z przedstawionych sposobów spędzania urlopu.
a
I •
Wybierz typ wakacji. który byłby dla Ciebie najbardziej
I
:
odpowiedni, i uzasadnij
:
u • Wyjaśnij. dlaczego odrzuciłeś/-aś pozostałe propozycje. L-------~-----------~-------~-
u L----------------~
swoją decyzję.
Recording 1 The announcement is for passengers on a ... A cruise. B bus tour. c flight. Recording 2 How much does the man pay for his ticket?
A f5 B f10 c f15 Recording 3 Visitors on the two-week course ... A will not get a chance to go spelunking. B will do extreme water sports on a lake. C will go walking through a rura! region.
2
Would you like to go to the adventure park in Recording 3? Why? Why not?
Expressing preferences • l'd rather go to ... than • Holidays to me are about (relaxing/being close to nature/sightseeing etc.) • ... wo uId suit me down to the ground. • ... is just my kind of place. • I would enjoy the (suni fresh air/sightseeing etc) there. • lt would be perfect for me.
4
Rejecting options and giving reasons " l'm not a (beach/countryside/city etc) person. "That kind of holiday doesn't appeal to me. • I find that kind of holiday boring/ uncomfortable/stressful etc. • lt's not my cup of tea. • I prefer mare (cultural/active/quiet etc) holidays. • There wouldn't be enough for me to do there.
Answer the questions.
What's your dream holiday destination and why? 2 Would you prefer to go on holiday in your own country or abroad? Why? 3 What form of transport do you most enjoy using and why? 4 To travel is better than to arrive. Do you agree? Why/Why not?
2 Przeczytaj tekst, z którego usunięto trzy zdania Wpisz w luki (1-3) litery. którymi oznaczono brakujące zdania (A-E). tak 1 1 aby otrzymać logiczny i spójny tekst. Dwa zdania zostały podane ~ 2_o~a!!<~w2_i~i~~~ą~oJ~n_;j~~ = ___ = ______
Match the words in bold in the text to their synonyms. fantastic • comfortably terrible 0 manner • unfriendly • deluxe 0
I
0
: R
~
ooo
3
17th Septemlber 2013
Fill in the verbs in their correct form: dump, come, look, sense, fet, go.
everyone! The reason I haven't been blogging recently is I went on a three-week holiday to ltaly. QI] One day, friend Jim and I were looking through travel brochures when carne across a great deal for a package holiday to South ltaly. was for a luxurious four-star hotel near a long golden beach, the deal meant we had to leave the next day. So, since we nothing else on, we did it!
Linda ......... „ .•...... „ ..••• across a beautiful cafe while walking around the village. 2 Paul ... .... .. .......... ....... through a magazine while waiting for the receptionist to be free. 3 Chris .......................... his bag on the floor and rang the reception bell.
flight went smoothly, and after we landed we gat a bus from airport. But as soon as we arrived at the hotel, I sensed that something was wrong. The entrance looked dark and oldfashioned, and there were no other guests to be seen.11[] So, we dumped our luggage there with a short note, and decided to go for a walk to relax. Eventually, we found a stany beach 5 kilometres from the hotel - and all we saw was an ald loca! man fishing on a rock. On the way back, we stopped at a restaurant for something to eat, but, yet again, we were let down. Our waiter had a terrible attitude, plus the food tasted awful.
4 The trip home ......................... . very quickly because there was so little traffic. 5 Larry . .... ...... .. .. . .... ... ... from his wife's expression that she wasn't happy with the hotel. 6 They felt ... .... .. .... .... .. .... ... down when the manager refused to allow them to change rooms.
Back at the hotel we went to check in. There, a small middle-aged man gave us a frosty look. "Why have you left your bags in my mansion?" he said to us. [I[] We soon found a taxi and were hugely relieved to arrive at our hotel. lt was everything we had imagined and we had a wonderful holiday!
4
Think of a problem you had while on holiday. Say:
where/when you went, who with, what happened.
lt turned out we had gat off the bus one stop tao early. lt didn't take us long to agree to go there. lt all happened so quickly! Plus, nobody seemed to be at reception. Actually, it took us 1O minutes to find someone we could speak to.
95
5 1
Where is Jamaica? How are the names:
Christopher Columbus, Tafno and Arawak people, the British, Queen Elizabeth li, Bob Marley related to it? Read to find out.
2
2 3
Read the text and for questions 1-5 choose the correct answer A, B or C.
4
The Spanish carne to Jamaica in search of A slaves. B precious metals. C land. 2 Under British rule, Jamaica became prosperous thanks to A sugar. B gold. C jewels. 3 Jamaica remained relatively wealthy until A 1834. B the 1930s. C 1962. 4 The Jamaican word pickney means A small. B family. c child.
5 The national symbol of Jamaica is A the sugar cane plant.
B the banana. C the doctor bird.
Name: Jamaica Location: island in the Caribbean Sea Size: 10,991 sq km Population: 2,847,232 Capital: Kingston
5 n 4th May, 1494, Christopher Columbus sailed i Jamaica and annexed the island in the name of the King and Queen of Spain. At the time, peacelul tribes o{ Tańo and Arawak people lived on the island, who had come there lrom Venezuela around sixteen hundred years earli They lived in huts, siep! in hammocks, and caught fi with simple stone-tipped spears. The Spanish made sla of these peaceful people, but they soon lost interes! in t island when they realised thai there wasn't any gold. British forces invaded Jamaica on 10th May, 1665 and I Spanish were given a lew days to evacuate the island. British were to change the face of the island forever create the Jamaica we know today. They brought a la number of slaves from Africa to work on the island's sug plantations and Jamaica became the largest producer sugar. in the world. The plantations brought mu prosperity to the island which became known as I 'Jewel of the English Crown'. Things were not alw peaceful though during !his period and the British had pul down several slave rebellions. Alter the abolition slavery in 1834, the sugar trade lost its profitability a the British brought in labourers from lndia and China work on coffee and banana plantations, which kept I island wealthy until the Great Depression of the 1930s. lew decades later, in August, 1962, Jamaica gol independence from the British Empire.
Today, although Jamaica is an independent country, il is stili part of the British Commonwealth and so its official head of state is Queen Elizabeth li. The population consists of many people of African descent and a variety of other ethnic groups from Europe, lndia, China and Latin America. li is no surprise thai the Jamaican motto is 'Out of many, one people'. English is the officia! language of Jamaica, but Jamaican Patois, which is a combination of English and severa! African languages, is widely spoken. Jamaican pronunciation is quite unique and has a distinctive rhythm and melodie quality. li also has a rich variety of words borrowed from many languages, which is a reflection of the cultural diversity of the island. For example, pickney, which is borrowed from a Portuguese word for small, means child, and famb/y means family.
6
The invaders made/did slaves of the local people. The Spanish lost/missed interest in the colony after a while. The island became the longest/largest producer of sugar in the world. The legal/official language of the count1y is English. The language has borrowed/lent words from various African languages. Complete the summary with these words: abolished, influenced, 1i1dependence,
indigenous, annexed, evacuated, plantations. The Spanish 1) „ „ . „ „ Jamaica in 1494 „ „ „ people. and made slaves of the 2). When the British invaded in 1665, the Spanish 3) . „ . „ „ „ „ „ „ „ the island and it became part of the British Empire. The British imported slaves from Africa to work on the 4) „ „ until 1834 when they 5) „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ slavery. Finally, in 1962, Jamaica got · its 6) „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ •• „ . „. „ . Today, Jamaica is known
Jamaica is known for its beautiful golden beaches and particularly ils Seven Mile Beach at Negril. lt also has breathtaking mountains with impressive caves and waterfalls. lt has a variety of anima! life !oo including lizards and crocodiles and some of the most colourful birds on the planet such as todies, cuckoos, macaws and, of course, the doctor bird, which is the country's national symbol. Jamaicans are known for their love of dance and their readiness to dance. Their musical styles have influenced many other styles around the world. Jamaica is most famous for its Rastafarian culture and its reggae music. The island's internalionally famous musician, Bob Marley, stili influences music and people years alter his death, which proves jus! how much Jamaica has to offer the world.
Choose the correct words.
for its beautiful beaches and its musical culture that has 7) „ „ „ „ . „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ many other styles around the world.
7
a) Compare your country to Jamaica. Talk about: location, language,
head of state, sights, animals, music.
•
--------···
!i
b) What do you think the Jamaican motto Out of many, one peop/e means? Discuss.
'r'
Jamaica's nalional dish is Ackee and Saltfish, which, as its name suggests, is dried salted fish with ackee (a fruit}, and hot and sweet peppers. On 6th August, Jamaicans celebrate their independence from Great Britain which was achieved on 6th August, 1962.
3 2 3 4
5
Read again and replace the words in bold in sentences 1-6 with words from the text. He sailed into Jamaica in 1494. They had come from Venezuela hundreds of years earlier. „ ... „ „ They invaded the island in 1665. lt was abolished in ·1834. The British brought them to work on their plantations. „ . ... .. . .. .... ... . This is the officia! language of Jamaica. '
6
4
Match the words in bold in the text to their meaning. What part of speech is each?
1 en ding 2 large farms 3 workers 4 free dom 5 characteristic 6 le ave 7 hung beds made from cloth or netting
8 9 10 11 12 13
took over mix appearance wealth value workers without freedom
QuotatioruJ . _ __
I 011()' bave 011e tbi11g I real{p like Io see bappe11.
J like to see 111a11ki11d living togelbe1; black. 11'bite.
Cbi11ese, eve1:ro11e- ibat's all. (Bob Marley)
The Blue Mountains in Jamaica was the first piece of land sighted by Christopher Columbus on his second voyage to the Americas.
97
fMfl®M@ Music I
ITheatre
1 1~1
Listen to the four musical extracts. Which of the types of music listed below can you hear? Which is your favourite?
Put the musical instruments below in the correct categories. • drums • flute • guitar • harp • saxophone • tambourine • trumpet • violin • xylophone
EWi--1 nd I 3
String
2
3 4 5
6
• arena • choir • concert • concert hall • drummer • festival • gig • lead singer • opera house • orchestra • pianist • rock band • string quartet • tenor
7
8
You can pick up your theatre tickets .. ... before the show. The lights carne up just as the first actor carne. onto the ... We talked about the first half of the performance during the ..... . An usher helped us find our ... the front of the theatre. The young actor looked in the see if he could find his family. The ca st took a(n) ....................... as the audience applauded at the end of the show. Macbeth is a famous .................... by Shakespeare which is stili performed today. The cast were wearing beautifully ... for the performance.
lvisual arts
6
4
• ~ • • • • •
m:=J graffiti
author • biography chapter • character contents • fiction front/back cover • hero narrator • non-fiction novelist • play • poet short story • title
Type of literature
98
II[] animation [II] cartoon
Put the words below in the correct categories.
Part of a book
[![] landscape [I[] photograph @I] portrait [2.IJ sculpture ~sketch ~stilllife
Real or fictitious person
8
gripping, moving, original, wel/lpoorly-written, thrilling, involving, excellent, shocking, (highly) entertaining, disappointing, enjoyab/e, confusing in the appropriate box(es). a) List the adjectives:
Which can be used for both plot and script? Script
Match the definitions (a-i) to the types of artwork (1-9).
[
I
a a film that shows real events or gives information on a topie b a film that makes people laugh c a film about a frightening story d a film about life in space/ the future e a film about a love story an exciting film full of adventure and danger
I
Musical Music usicians/ Music venues ~-s-+~=g_ro_u_~p_s~-+-~~~~~f~-e_v_e_nt_s~~
luterature
Match the descriptions (a-f) to the film types (1-6).
Complete the sentences with the words below. • audience • bow • box office • stage • costumes • interval • play • seats
Percussion
Put the words below in the correct categories.
IThe media
Useful phrases
5
• jazz • reggae • hip hop • heavy metal • rap • dance • classical
2
I
a a film made by a series of drawings to give the impression of movement b a humorous drawing usu published in a newspaper or magazine c a painting of a bowl of fr flowers, etc d a painting of a person e a painting of natura! scen a printed image made usi a camera g a quick drawing made wi pencil and paper h a tag or drawing made wl spray paint in public spac a three-dimensional piece of art shaped from a hard materia I
b) Fili in the gaps with words from Ex 8a. What type of film(s) are they? There were some really funny scenes and overall I found the film very ............................. . 2 lt was such a ......................... story that I couldn't stop crying when the couple parted forever. 3 There were some really scary monsters and there was so much blood that I found it quite 4 The chase scenes we re so ............................. that I was on the edge of my seat.
9
Choose the odd word out.
1 concert hall - arena - opera house - stage
2 viola - cello - double bass - flute 3 4 5 6
illustrator - bassist - trumpeter - percussionist horror - folk - science fiction - comedy poem - novel - storyteller - folk tale canvas - brush - oil paint - stili life
I
1OFili in with: news, documentaries, chat, sitcom, soap opera, quiz.
2
3 4 5 6
l'm addicted to a daytime .......................... about the daily lives of a rich family and their friends. I relax at home by watching my favourite .............................. „ which mak es me laugh a lot . The .............................. can be depressing when there are so many terrible events being reported. I like watching that ............................. show that tests an adult's knowledge against a 10-year-old's. My dad loves watching wildlife ........................... . on TV. I like ......................... shows where they interview interesting guests, such as famous actors or musicians.
IFamous artists I 11 Match the people (1-6) to the type of artist (A-F). A actor B composer C dancer
D painter E musician F writer
1
Do you like watching TV? What are your favourite program mes?
2
Read the rubric, then do the task. Which words helped you decide the answers?
The text gives readers ... A advice on how to succeed in an audition. B an apology about a cancelled event. C information on a practice session.
~\f~fFJifiifP;;e~u;,;e;;(l=-3) o;l;j;e:;st;pM~~: ~U
I
1
Do każdego tekstu wybierz właściwą odpowiedź Ą B albo C
3 ~ Choose the option word(s) in bold.
lt's a waste of time arguing with Lola. She won't turn down the music. A You don't have a point B You won't make a point C There's no point in
2 The money raised from the conc will be used to ... A buy food for the poor. B produce a music album. C give children music lessons.
u
~------------------------~-~
3 The TV show includes ... A reviews of electrical products. B chats with celebrities. C live performances.
3
Match the words/phrases in bold to their meaning. • • • •
4
summary • find out about approaching • give your opini drinks 11 earnings 11 attendanc watch or listen to 0 length
Would you like to attend the jazz concertin Text 2? Why?/Why not? Take three minutes to write a few sentences. Read your work to the class.
ading forces us to use our imaginations - but do you sometimes feel at words are not enough to give you a(n) 1) .......... picture of a aracter's appearance in a novel? Wouldn't it be interesting to see what e characters from your favourite books really look like? Weil, now you n! In 2012, the American magazine writer and graphic artist Brian seph Davis created a website called The Composites which shows ages of the fa ces of characters from famous novels. 2) .......... TV shows r films in which a sketch artist in a police station speaks to a witness and raws the face of a criminal from their description. Weil, 3) .......... days, olice forces use advanced computer software to create these images d that's the same software Davis uses to create his images. He .......... looks for descriptions of the character in a book and types in e details anto his computer. On the website visitors can see the faces of aptain Ahab from Moby Dick, Heathcliff from Wuthering Heights and y more. Davis has recently published a book of his creations and 'ąlways accepts suggestions of new literary fnces 5) .......... for his website. A 2 A 3 A A A
pia in All we've seen those simply creating
B elear B We all saw
B these B only B to create
c c c c c
obvious We've all seen them justly create
Choose the option A, B or C that completes the gap in both sentences. Steve knew all his lines for the school play .......... by heart. The production meeting was put due to the director's illness. C off A down B away
100
A,
B or C that best replaces the
Harry .......... pride in his CD collection of over 500 albums. I won't forgive Ted unless he .......... back his hurtful remarks abo ut my novel. A pays B takes C puts
2
Fred promised that he would buy the tickets for the rock concert. A marked my words B gave me his word C took my word
4
Choose the option A, B or C that is a translation of the
W!:.m
Polish text in brackets and which correctly completes the gap. The usher (wskazał nam nasze miejsca) .......... in the cinema. A showed us to our seats B sat with us C pointed to our seats 2
5
Ben Stiller's !atest comedy (weszła na ekrany w zeszłą niedzielę) .......... Do you want to see it? A is being shown every Sunday B will be shown for the last time on Sunday C carne out last Sunday
WO
Complete the dialogues by choosing A, B or C.
X: Who plays the lead role in this film? Y: ....................................... . A lt's playing at the Odeon on Friday. B The main character is an undercover detective. C I think it's an Australian actor. 2 X: How did you find the lead singer's performance?
Y: ················································· A I couldn't find him there. B I found the ticket online. C He sang beautifully!
101
'9·1fl@Hł1 Music I
lrheatrel
1
„ Useful phrases
Match the definitions (a-g) to the words (1-7).
OIJmelody
QI] composer QI] tour @I] ~hart hit [}I] lyrics
[:ICJ album
l2IJ conductor 2
4
a collection of recorded songs the person who leads an orchestra the words to a song a commercially successful song a journey made by a singer/band to perform live concerts f the tune to a song
a b c d e
g
A: Royal Theatre booking
Complete the sentences with the words: sing, get, changed,
p/aying, perform, tunes, recording. I started ............ „ „ ......... the piano when I was 5 years old. 2 The band felt nervous as it was the first time they were going to „ .. „ „ .. „ .. „ ......... in a live show. 3 Our music te ach er asked each student to .. „ ... „ ... „ ........ „ a solo. 4 The rock band are eager to start „ „ „. „ . „ ... „ „ .. „ .. their n ext album. good reviews
„ „ .... „ .. . . . . . .
6 My violin doesn't sound quite right. lt's time I .. „ the strings and got new ones. 7
Robert constantly ...... „ right.
„ ... „ .. „. „. „
...... „ „ .. „ . „ ... .
his guitar to keep the sound
ILiterature I 3
Complete the sentences with the words below.
2 In the fairy „ „ .... „ ....... „ for a hundred years. 3 The first ......... „ ..•. „ Philosopher's Stone. 4
••..
... „ .
„ „
can I help you? B: H1. l'd like to book two 1) „ „ „ „ „ „ .... „ .... tickets for Master and Margarita, please. A: Certainly. When for? The play 2) „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „. „. until the end of May. B: This Friday night. lf possible, l'd like something in the 3) ... „. „ ... „ . „ „ „ . „ A: 1'11 just check „. l'm sorry, but that performance is 4) „ .. „ ...... „ .. „ „ „ booked. Would you like me to try a(n) 5) „ „ „ „ . „ .. „ . „ „ . performance? B: Yes, please. Perhaps you could check for Sunday. A: OK .„ there are two seats available near the 6) „. „ ... „ „ .. „ „ „.. then; Wo uId you like to 7) „ „ „ .. „ „ them? B: Yes, please. Will I receive the tickets by post? A: No. You simply 8) „ .. „. „ ..... „ .. „ „ them at the box office on the evening of the performance. B: I see. Thank you.
"Synonyms
5
• chapter • crime • characters • novel • poetry • tale • volume • myth I love reading fiction. l'm reading the new Steig Larsson at the moment.
row,
fully, reserve, runs, /ater, adu/t.
a person who writes music
5 Sarah was sure that she would .. „ . „ for last night's concert.
Fill in with: stage, collect, front
lrhe mediaj e
„ . „ . „ . „ .... „ .... „ „
by
Sleeping Beauty a princess falls asleep
a) Fill in with: monotonous,
good
.... „ ..... „ ...... „ .
fiction like the
7 I really liked the .... „ . „ ..... „. „ ... that we re portrayed in the book. 8 The class was assigned homework abo ut the „ .......... „ „ ......... of Hercules.
102
The film was so boring that I fell asleep during it. There's a very sad scene near the end of the film when the boy's dog dies. There are some really touching moments in the film that will bring a tear to your eye. I thought there were so many clues in the film that the ending was too foreseeable. The plot of the film was so gripping that I was on the edge of my seat.
b) Use the adjectives from the table to talk about films/plays . . you have seen or books you have read. 'Avatar' is one of the most fascinai"ing soence-fiction films /'ve ever seen
.A'(/J. ·.· . ·.·. ·
Fill in: main, drama, record, fictiona/, te/evision, . popular, mythical. ~· ·. ·
!l~~\!:~~~ll'lllf&J;~!l/%lfi!:i;li':!l11&\!i\lft\·:'.l:,?lili21/.12t1!~-;~~~g;;;2j;i~':±lcl'it.1fi;.:.14.~~Kdi~ill1L:~fil.,
l'm glad the film was so funny. lt really put me in a good mood.
~:~n~:u~~~. t~:t~~ .Th·~···fi·;~~··~p~:~~; ~~:~~t~~ : .~~ 3) . „ .......... „ .•. audience of al most 5 mi Ilion viewers. The series is set in the 4) .... „ .. „ „ . „ . „ town of Mystic Falls and follows the life of the 5) „ .. „ ....... „... character, Elena Gilbert, who falls in love with a vampire, Stefan Salvatore. The show is full of other 6) ........ „ .„. „ „ creatures like werewolves and ghosts. lt has become one of the most 7} ........... „ ..... TV series for teenagers to watch. Don't miss the next episode!
IParticipation in culture I G
Brad Pitt plays a role on/in the new action movie. The new film will premiere at/by the film festival. Leonardo DiCaprio starred on/in Shutter Island. The cast for/of The Outsiders is made up mostly of well-known actors. I always cover my eyes when a scary creature appears in/from horror films.
Complete the sentences with the words: art,
„ „ .. „ .. „ . „ . „
I thought it was a photo of a bowl of fruit. lt's such a(n) ... „ . „ . „ . „ „ „ .. still life painting. There was a(n) „ „ . „ „ „. „ . „ „ „ . exhibition on in the library featuring the students' work. Many art experts consider the Mona Lisa to be da Vinci's . „ ......... „ .. „ masterpiece. The sculptor made a(n) ..... „ statue of the king.
„ „ „ ... „ . „
Collocations
1ORead the blog and choose the correct words.
Choose the correct preposition.
marble
11~-~
The Vampire Diaries was first shown on the ew 1) . „ „ .. „ „ ... „ „ Network in the USA. lt is a ~\i~ja:Jll"
There were some really frightening scenes in the horror film.
The experts said the painting was a(n) Picasso and not a copy.
„ „ . „ .......... „ ... „ .
9
The characters were totally unbelievable. No one would act that way in reality.
/ife-size, original, realistic, ultimate.
5 The World is Czesław Miłosz's most well-known collection of 6 I enjoy the suspense when I read . „ classic Sherlock Holmes stories.
Replace the adjectives in bold with: duli, hilarious, moving, predictable, scary, thril/ing, tragic, unconvincing.
terrible, superb, awful, fantastic, fascinating, depressing, dreadful, humorous, amusing, unexciting, entertaining, excel/ent, gloomy.
in the Harry Potter series was called The
l've almost finished this book - l'm on the last now.
Synonyms
The Edinbursh Pesiival! I had wanted to visit the Edinburgh Festival for years. This huge 1) cultural/landmark event caters for all tastes. You can listen to live jazz, watch 2) film/song premieres, witness breathtaking ballets and be 3) silently/pleasantly entertained by famous comedians. The Feslival comes in two parts: there is the officia! International Festival held every year since 1947, and there's also the 4) independent/original festival which organises over 2,000 5) artistic/art performances each year. I wanted to experience as much as possible, so I went to 12 different shows. However, you can just walk around the city and you'll see 6) field/street performers on every corner. I saw one actor doing a 7) one-man/lonely show of Shakespeare's Hamlet. lt was raining heavily at the time, but he didn't stop, even when he couldn't 8) think/remember the lines. My advice is, if you have the chance to attend the Edinburgh Feslival, !hen don'! miss il!
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f"Jj f'':j f1''!l )'~}: (~2rJ »:li~';f
~j
·
.
Wiadomość na blogu (Writing Bank: wiadomość na blogu)
3 1 ,Q,
Do the listening task.
1
A
r--------------------~ 1 Usłyszysz rozmowę czterech osób D
'fl1JfJ!ll!1f
1
I na temat filmów. Dopasuj zdania (A-E) do : rozmówców (1-4). Jedno zdanie zostało 1 podane dodatkowo i nie pasuje do żadnego I rozmówcy.
: I
·--------------------d
B
Say what you plan to -7Pol1tely decline and watch on TV. lnv1te B why. to io1n you
hom1J·. Say why you'd rather
Suggest another act1v1ty you can do.
not. Suggest go1ng to cultural event.
A The speaker speaks about his/her life in the film
Dechne and say why.
industry. B This speaker is a film studies teacher. C You can hear this announcement in a cinema. Speaker-1T ___ D We learn about someone's film-watching habits. Speaker 2 E The speaker introduces a Speaker 3 person from the film industry. Speaker 4
Disagree and give ~---,'='"/Suggest where you another reason.
/
. /
Suggest sth diffe1ent.
co
check for information.
Present the source, of~ Choose a cultural eve information.
3
a book you liked, a video game you llked, a music CO you didn't like.
Read the rubric, then the model. What phrases does the writer use to recommend the concert?
~~f!IT---------------~ Byłeś/-aś na koncercie rockowym. Napisz o tym wiadomość na swoim blogu (80-130 słów). W tej wiadomości: o opisz, w jaki sposób kupiłeś/-aś bilet, I B • opisz wady i zalety miejsca, w którym odbył 1 się 'koncert, B " opisz, jaki był poziom wykonania utworów, : 0 poleć koncert czytelnikom Twojego bloga. I
--------------------d
/
You won't be able to put it down. lt's well worth seeing/reading/playing/a listen. Don't miss it. I highly recornmend it - it's very (entertaining) etc.
NIEGATIVE Don't waste your time/money on it. I wouldn't bother going. I wouldn't recomrnend it - it's very (boring) etc.
Accept B's suggestion. f
4 ;I had a great weekend. I saw my favourite
Opis ilustracji
l@f.@fMi$ Odgrywanie roli I 2
i odpowiedzi na pytania
Read the rubric. Decide which of the phrases you could use for each piece of information.
~i!łtW Mi;;z~a:z: ;w:j~;k:l~if -
4
bm Describe the picture and answer the questions.
- "
koleżanki w Wielkiej Brytanii. Kolega/ koleżanka lubi spędzać czas w domu, oglądając telewizję. a Ty wolisz z nim/nią gdzieś pójść. Omów z nim/ nią następujące
jaka rozrywka będzie dostępna, jeżeli zostaniecie w domu, jaka rozrywka będzie dostępna, 1 jeżeli pójdziecie gdzieś razem, I
:~The concert took place at Progresja, a music club in 1 y:łarsaw.
The lighting and sound quality there were t, but it's a small venue, so it was a little crowded. band was fantastic, though! The singer sang ulifully and the lead guitarist played some amazing s!
Read the phrases/sentences. Which ones could you use to talk about: (b) books? (f) films?
:
(c) concerts? (m) music CDs? (g) video games?
1 I
gdzie szukać pomysłów na kulturalne 1 spędzenie wieczoru poza domem. I
L-------------------d
104
band Chord Red live! I tried to buy my ticket online but the concert was sold out. Then, a school friend offered me hers '.because she was going on holiday. I was really lucky!
ally, Chord Red is touring Europe in October. hly recommend going to one of their concerts. You'll a great time, even ił you're not a fan of the band.
kwestie:
jakie masz pomysły na kulturalne spędzenie czasu,
• • • • • •
I love classical music - do you? The cinema is expensive. There's nothing at the cinema that I fancy seeing. My favourite sitcom is on tonight. There's a live band playing at the The Swan. Let's look at the 'What's on?' section.
• •
Why don't we watch a DVD? There's an exhibition of Spanish art.
Use phrases from the box to make recommendations about: a film you didn't enjoy,
watching? 2 How often do you go to the cinema? Who 3 Describe a film you saw recently.
lt tells the story of ... The tracks are catchy/annoying. lt was directed by ... The graphics are stunning/unrealistic. The cast give it their all/fail to shine. The script is well-written/appalling. The lyrics are beautiful/terrible. lt's set in New York in the 22nd century. lt's a rnust-see/disappointing show. The characters are likeable/hard to like. The sound effects are great/poor. The plot has plenty of twists. He/She/They light(s) up the stage.
b, f
Replace the adjectives good, nice and bad in the sentences with adjectives from the box.
good/nice
excellent, fantastic, brilliant, fascinating, thrilling, superb, interesting, awesome dreadful, boring, duli, awful, terrible,
bad
dire, appalling, poor, lousy, rubbish
1 The play has a good plot. 2 The writer is bad at describing people. 3 The first song on the album has a nice guitar solo. 4 She deserves an award for her good performance in this role. 5 I nearly fell asleep during this bad show. 6 The galle1y's !atest exhibition includes some nice portraits but I thought the sculptures were bad.
5
Read the rubric. Make notes under the headings: Before Entering Cinema - Plot - Good & Bad Points - Recommendation. Then write your entry.
mm
r-----------~--------~ Prowadzisz blog na temat filmów.
I
: Napisz wiadomość (80-130 słów) na temat filmu, 1 który obejrzałeś/-aś w kinie w czasie weekendu. I W tej wiadomości: : • opisz. co robiłeś/-aś, zanim wszedłeś/weszłaś I do kina. : • opisz krótko fabułę filmu, 1 • zaprezentuj mocne i słabe strony filmu, I • uzasadnij, dlaczego czytelnicy Twojego bloga : powinni zobaczyć ten film lub dlaczego nie 1 powinni go oglądać.
L--------------------
105
- Wybór wielokrotny
1 «~• Read the rubric and the
i@MMSl@opis ilustracji
2
Complete the description of the picture by using these words:
colourfu/, scene, go/den, wali, /ooking, statues, adults, gal/ery.
sentences, then do the listening task.
a) Read the title and the first sentence of each paragraph. What kind of magie performance did the writer attend? Read through to find out.
iirEf u~;s;s~ dw:kro~n7e ~ trzy nagrania. Z podanych
~
I I I możliwo~i odpowiedzi wybierz I I właściwą. zgodną z treścią tekstu. I I I Zakreśl literę A. B albo C.
b) Read the rubric and do the tasl<.
1a-----==--------..n
1r-------------------------~ Przeczytaj tekst. z którego usunięto trzy zdania. I
pisz w uki (1-3) litery. którymi oznaczono brakujące zdania : : (A-E). tak aby otrzymać logiczny i spójny tekst. Dwa zdania 1 I zostały podane dodatkowo I nie pasują do żadnej luki. I
Recording 1
Why is Alan glad that John wasn't chosen for the lead role? A because Steve is a better actor B because Alan wants to play sports with him C because Alan didn't want to help John learn his lines Recording 2 The speaker recommends this film ... A for adults only. B for children only. C for both children and adults. Recording 3 The speaker asks audience members ... A to turn off their phones completely. B to make sure their phones don't make any noise. c to stay in their seats during the play.
Have you ever attended a magie performance? Were you impressed? Why?/Why not?
I
----------------------d
lt's a large room in an art 1) in it - about 20 people. There's a very large 2) .................... . painting on one of the walls and people are looking at it. lt shows a(n) 3) ........................ by the sea. lt's in a large 4) ................. ....... :\ frame. There are more paintings on a(n) 5) .......................... to the right. There are a few rnarble 6) .... „ ..•••....•.........• in the room. Most of the visitors to the gallery are 7) .......................... , but there's one child on the left of the picture. A woman is holding hand and they're both 8) .......................... down. Maybe they're searching for something.
-
Wypowiedź
na podstawie
materiału stymulującego
3
Read the rubric and do the task.
r---------------------------Mm się Cię
Przyjrzyj ilustracjom 1. 2 i 3. Poproszono o pisanie : cotygodniowego felietonu muzycznego do szkolnej gazetki. Szukasz a obrazka. który będzie najlepiej pasował do treści felietonu. 1 • Wybierz najbardziej odpowiednią ilustrację i uzasadnij swoją decyzję: : • Wyjaśnij. dlaczego odrzucasz pozostałe ilustracje. 1
L----------------------------
tre. I was thinking the same thing. When I agreed to attend agic performance with my colleague, I had expected to some card tricks or perhaps a white bunny being pulled out hat. QI] Firstly, the performer, a small middle-aged man a moustache, introduced himself as an illusionist rather a magician and openly admitted to having no mystica! ers. All of his tricks, he said, were achieved by a deep rstanding of psychology and body language. , he started randomly picking seat numbers out of a hat calling reluctant audience members' up onto the stage. young woman was asked to think of a celebrity (Elvis ley) whose face the performer then sketched on a piece aper; another thought of her phone number, which the ormer again guessed correctly. ~Jonas looked at small sticker on the back of his seat and jumped up itedly.
Fill in the verbs in their correct form: expect,
check, mutter, achieve, pick, sketch. You should ................. „
...
"Now, I have a feeling that you grew up abroad ."Jonas looked puzzled; 'Amm ... no." The performer continued, "But you've definitely been in hospital recently and it seems like you've started playing a musical instrument." "Wrong again," Jonas said with growing satisfaction . "Weil, maybe you sat in the wrong seat, then," the performer said with a cunning smile. [I[] The performer was talking about me; my childhood in lndia, my broken foot, my violin lessons ... everything! I checked the number on my ticket - 219! Jonas was sitting in my seat! But instead of announcing this to the audience, the performer simply apologised and asked Jonas to return to his seat. For some reason he was happy for me to be the only one to know.
A lt was only then that it struck me. B Surprisingly, that was same number as Jonas's seat. C I couldn't have been more wrong. D Then, halfway through the show, he called out seat 219.
E And I certainly wasn't let down.
what time the
performance starts before you leave home. The singer won't retire until he's . ... ..... all his goals.
4
abilities, youth, pleasure, unwilling.
Steve ............. „ ....... the tickets for the con cert to be far cheaper than they were. lt took Frank a few minutes to ...................... a film to watch at the cinema. The street artist ........ „ of Fiona's face.
...........
People in the queue started themselves about the delay.
a fu n ny caricature ....... to
Match the highlighted words to their synonyms: confused, workmote, right, overseas,
5
Think of a performance you attended. Make notes under the headings: type of performance, name,
brief description of show, description of your feelings. Use your notes to talk about it to the class.
107
Prawda/fałsz
Wybór wielokrotny
1
Uslyszysz dwukrotnie wywiad z aktorką. Na podstawie informacji w nim zawartych zdecyduj. które zdania (1-5) są zgodne z treścią tekstu (fRUE), a które nie (FALSE). Zaznacz znakiem X odpowiednią rubrykę w tabeli. --·-- _____ _ True False
Przeczytaj tekst. Z podanych odpowiedzi wybierz właściwą. zgodną z treścią tekstu. Zakreśl literę Ą B. C albo D.
J. K. Rowling, OBE, is one of the most farn.ous authors
in the world, yet she has a story that ~~ nearly as fascinating as her books. Jo started wntmg fantasy . t a young age which she read to her stones a , younger sister, Diana. In 1990, while travelling by train between Manchester and London - a journey that had been delayed by tour hours - the concept for a story about a young boy wizard going to a school of wizardry carne to her. First she fleshed out Harry, and then the .rest of the characters just started flooding into her mmd .. As soon as she arrived home at her Clapham Junction flat she started to write it all down. Aft~r the death of her rnother late in 1990, Rowling oved to .Portugal to te ach English. There she met, :nd later rnarried, Jorge Arantes, a Portuguese television journalist. Their daughter, Jessica, was bo~n . J l 1993 but Rowling and Arantes separated in in uy, fh November the same year. Due to the break-up o er Rowl'1ng rnoved to Edinburgh in January of . rnarnage, . the following year to be closer to her sister Diana. I
To enable her to teach in Scotland, Rowlin~ had t~ t a Postgraduate Certificate of Educat1on. Th1s ge t she would have to study full-time for a year. · f rnean She started this in August 1995, after havmg ma y finished typing up her first Harry Potter book on a very old typewriter. While writing, she had rnanaged
u
to live on state welfare benefits, writing many of the chapters in cafes around the city. Jo finally found an agent to represent her a~d tryt get Harry Potter published. ~he rnanuscnpt w sent to twelve different publlshers, all of. who turned it down. After a year, a British publtshe~ London, Bloomsbury, accepted the book, rna1 because the eight-year-old daughter of t chairman of the company read the first chapter a irnrnediately wanted to read the others. The rest, as they say, is history. With seven hig succe'ssful books that have broken all sa.l records, along with nurnerous films, J. K. Rowll has risen from poverty to millionaire status, thanks to her wonderful irnagination.
Wypowiedź
4
2 Her move to Portugal was in part due to A having a baby girl. B separating from her husband. C losing a mernber of her family. D meeting and marrying someone. 3 J. K. Rowling moved to Scotland in A 1990 C 1994 D 1995 B 1993
108
4 Before beginning an educational course, Rowling A completed her first novel. B dane charity work. C studied in many cafes. D worked in management. 5 Th is text is a short ... A autobiography. B biography.
Louise alrnost didn't take the part of Elizabeth. The film was a box office success. The makers of the film changed same of the historical facts. The Elizabethan musical instruments took a long time to make. Louise did not make the film in a studio.
Podczas swojego pobytu w Anglii zapisałeś/-aś się do wypożyczalni płyt
DVD. Chcesz poprosić pracownika wypożyczalni o pomoc w wyborze filmu. W rozmowie z nim/ nią uwzględnij poniższe kwestie:
jakie filmy proponuje pracownik,
film, który niedawno
C book review. D for and against
Przyjrzyj się zdjęciom 1, 2 i 3. Przebywasz w Nowym Jorku i zamierzasz wybrać się do teatru. " Wybierz przedstawienie, na które najbardziej chciałbyś/ chciałabyś się wybrać, i uzasadnij swój wybór. " Wyjaśnij, dlaczego odrzucasz pozostałe propozycje.
Wybierz dwa pytania i na nie odpowiedz. 1 Do you think the theatre should always make the audience think? Why/why not? 2 Do you think going to the theatre is better than going to the cinema? Why/why not? 3 Do you think all schoolchildren should do drama? Why/why not? 4 How can theatres appeal to more people?
jakie rodzaje filmów lubisz.
The original idea for Harry Potter occurred ·A in Manchester. C at home. D in a school. B on a train.
na podstawie
materiału stymulującego
obejrzałeś/-aś I który Ci się podobał (podaj
powód),
List prywatny (Writing Banie: /ist/e-mail prywatny)
5
Przeczytałeś/-aś niedawno powieść, która l:fardzo Ci się podobała.
Napisz list (80-130 słów) do swojego kolegi/swojej koleżanki w Wielkiej Brytanii. W liście: napisz, dlaczego zdecydowałeś/-aś się przeczytać tę powieść i jak na nią tratlłeś/-aś, • opisz krótko jej fabułę. opisz mocne i słabe strony powieści, poleć tę powieść swojemu koledze/swojej koleżance.
rodzaje filmów, które Ci się nie podobają (podaj powód).
109
Fill in with: parachute, boots, trunks, club, stick, goggles, weights, strip. The bodybuilder spends hours at the gym lifting You should we ar . „
„ „
„ „
„
„ „
„ „
„
„ „
„ „
Popular sports
1
a) Match the sports (A-L) to the pictures (1-12). Which are: team
sports? individual sports? Which take place: indoors? outdoors?
3
to protect
~ /
~
e puck e racket
A
E cycling
basketball
baseball
B karate hockey D ·motor racing
c
G volleyball H kayaking
football
e
cricket
·~
ball
e rod and reel
K swimming L gymnastics
h
The
that is held every year in the capital of England. The .. „ „ . „ .. „ „ „ „ „ „ ...... „ . is a football tournament
to the pool this afternoon. You need a „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ .
„ „.
to play hockey.
2
„
„ „
„ „„ „
„
„
„ .• „
„
„ „„ „. „
is a running race
„
that is held in a different country every four years. 3 The „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ . „ „ „ „ „ „ . is a bicycle race that is held in stages all around France. 4 The . . „ . is a tennis tournament that is held in Paris every year. 5 The „ „ „ „ „ „ . „ „ „ „ .•• „ . „ . „ „ . „ „ . include over 300 events including athletics and swimming. 6 The „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ include a number of sports that are played on snow or ice.
A Label the sketches with the verbs. Then use them to complete the sentences.
"paddle 0
"flippers
Fill in the sporting events: Tour de France, World Cup, French Open, Olympic Games, London Marathon, Winter Olympics.
He's wearing his football team's new . The skydiver pulled a cord to release the „ so he could land safely.
to hit the bali with. Don't forget to bring your swimming .
a) Label the pictures ..
6
your eyes in the swimming pool.
You should wear a good pair of . if you want to play football. The golfer is deciding which „ .
IBasic equipment I
IEvents I
throw • head • pass • hit • catch • kick
"rope "basket 0 saddle
7
Choose the odd word out.
silver - bronze - amateur - gold 2 national - international - loca! - leisure 3 celebrate - win - beat - defeat 4 extra time - semi-final - first half - kick-off
Col/ocations
b) Complete the table with the sports from Ex. 1a.
8
Fill in with: opening, national, world, record, international. Will you watch tonight's ............ „
2
Fili
in the verbs in their correct form: cross, set, climb, get, score,
„„„„„.
a new world record of 9.57 seconds
in the 1OO metres fina I. 2 The fans celebrated when their team
H.
3
4
. the finish line. The football team will need to score twice if they want to the match. „ „ her bike in the country at weekends. You should make sure you have the proper equipment before „„
5 Debra likes to . 6
you. 7 Sandra
„ „„
the mountain. „ injured when she fell on her knee while
playing basketball. 8 Tara plans to
11 o
„
„. „.
„.
up golf after she retires.
„.„„.
„ ..
„.
a goal in
the final minute of the match. The marathon runner had to use the last of his energy to
3
before the fina! kicks off. Since she is the „ „ „ „ „ „ „
„.
„ „
.......•....
„„ „ „ „„ „„
„
„. „ „
„.
match
anthem
holder, she
is the most likely to win the race. 4 They had a spectacular fireworks display at the „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ . ce re mony of the tournament.
ride, take, win. The sprinter ...
2
between Brazil and England? Each team will sing their „ „ „ „
Owen can
„ „
„„. „ „
„ „
„
„
„.
the bali much further
with his new football boots. You use a racket to „ „ . „ „ „ „ „
b) Now match the pieces of equipment (A-1) from
Ex. 3a to the
he will be the new „ „
„ „
„
the wali in squash. The defender jumped high in the air to „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „. „ „ „ „ the bali elear fr om danger. The goalkeeper was able to „ „ „ „ „ „ . „ „ „ „ „ „ the bali and stop the striker from scoring. The aim in handball is to „ „ „ „ „ „ „ . „ „
„ „
the ball
sports (1-9) in which they
„„„„.„.„ „„„
„„
„„„„„„„„„„ „„ „„.
champion.
a bali aga inst
into your opponent's goal. lf you can't find a scoring opportunity, you should
are used.
5 lf he can stay in the lead until the end of the race,
the bali to a team-mate.
"' Words often confused
9
Choose the correct word.
l'm fed up! I never play on the winning/beating side. 2 The coach told his players to pull/warm up. 3 The boxer knocked/pulled his opponent out. 4 The opponents/competitors stood at the starting line waiting for the signal. 5 The match was so boring we left during half time/ the interval.
(~)See Vocabulary Bank on
p. 204)
111
3
Choose the option A,
B or C that best replaces the ----~-~------~------~~
r
word(s) in bold.
Przeczytaj tekst. Z podanych odpowiedzi wybierz o
I
właściwą, tak aby otrzymać logiczny i gramatycznie poprawny Zakreśl literę A B albo C. :
1
:
The two runners were very close as they sprinted towards the finish line. A neck and neck B head and head C nose and nose
1 tekst.
L--------------------------~
Ask any professional football player where he perfected his skills and he probably won't say on a pitch.And 1) ...... pro basketball players will claim that they developed their talent in a gym. The truth is that most kids with an appetite for team sports want to play for far longer than practice in a club or on a school team lets them. This might 2) ...... they have to play without access to the 3) ...... equipment, so they improvise! Around Britain, for example, it's very
According to the American College of Sports Medicine, up to 50% of all athletic injuries can be avoided. Fo/low these tips so you don't get hurt while playing sports.
IT[] Think
about your physical condition before you take up a sport or start an exercise routine. For instance, if you have bad knees, sports like skiing and rowing are probably not for you. Also, get a medical check-up to make sure there are no problems you are not aware of.
instance, in rugby and American football, it's vital that place your head in the correct position when maki tackle. Even in racquet sports like tennis injury can if you swing the racquet in an incorrect way. lt's esse therefore, to train with a coach so you learn the right
Your doctor will spot any problems that may be made worse by playing a particular sport or doing particular exercises.
to play the sport. ~ Don't overdo it - trying to achieve unrealistic g too soon will only lead to problems. lf you've decide
[I[] Never play a sport without protective gear (if the
train for a marathon, don't
sport requires it) and never wear clothes or footwear that are not appropriate for your sport. For instance, running shoes are perfect for track events because they are designed to help you move forward at speed, but they will not offer the support you need when you move backwards or sideways, when you are playing tennis or basketball, for example. In many sports, injuries often occur when people don't know the correct way to perform certain skills. For
start out running 10 miles a day! Start by running 1 or 2 miles and increase the distance · by small amount each it's important to listen to your body and rethink your exercise routine if you're in pain afterwards.
[II]
3 Do you know how to avoid a sports injury? Read the text to find out.
2
.. check-up .. a sport .„ .. technique . shoes
51· 112
always be children playing their own imaginative versions of popular team sports on the streets near their homes. There they socialise, exercise and perhaps a small number even become international sports stars. 5) ...... all, they've got to begin somewhere! A A A A A
2
8
little prod uce pro per Whatever La ter
B B B B B
few result accurate However After
c c c c c
hardly mean exact Wherever Following
tournament. lt's „ „ „ the rui es to kick the bali in a game of basketball. A beside B versus C against
.... injuries ................... „. gear
What did you learn from the text? How can thi:J information be of help to you? In three minutes. write a feW sentences. Tell the class. -
„
goalkeeper. A turned
B arrived
C became
„„„
(najbardziej mi odpowiada) A I play perfectly B I want to be perfect C suits me perfectly
5
Complete the dialogues by choosing A, B or C.
X: What was the result in last night's Y:
gap in both sentences.
. . . . . . . ... .. .. .. ' .
zacząłem grać)
2 Water polo is a sport that
bm Choose the option A, B or C that completes the
2 Alan „ .. „ up five minutes after the match had started. The game „ „ „ violent w hen one of the players pushed over the
" - - - - · · - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - · - - - · - -·
I (właśnie
table tennis at school. A just want to play B have just started playing C have already played
Terry is up . „ . „ a talented opponent in the first ro und of the
. events .. routine
5 6 7
Polish text in brackets and which correctly completes the gap.
installed on the side wall of a house. In the USA and Central America, kids play stickball, a game like baseball that uses a broom handle and a tennis ball! 4) ...... you go in the world there will
Fili in: protective, track, athletic, medico/, running, exercise, correct, take up. ... „
B or C that is a translation of the
kids playing streetball, a variety of basketball, often using one hoop
Be careful not to get hurt/damaged while playing sports. 2 He did/made things worse by not following his doctor's advice. 3 You should feel/place your thumb under the snooker cue. 4 lt is main/essential that you warm up before you start exercising. 5 You need to train/work regularly to improve your technique.
2 3 4
4 . . . Choose the option A,
common to see children playing football on a street with two
Choose the correct word.
4
A takes me to sleep B brings me to sleep C sends me to sleep
jumpers acting as goalposts. And in the USA, it's common to see
Do the reading task. Justify your answers.
2 Watching sports on TV usually causes me to fall asleep.
2
match? • .. „ ..... „ ... „ „ „ „ .•• „ „ . „ A lt finished at around 1O pm. B lt ended in a draw. C lt was a fair result.
X: How did you start playing basketball? Y: ... „ „ . „ „ „ „ „ . „ .. „ „ .. „ . „ „ .. A My father introduced me to it. B lt's a very fast sport. C You have to throw the bali in the hoop.
113
l"·l$1@filQ Popular sports
1
I
3
a) Use the words from the list to label the pictures with the names of the sports.
2
3 4
s 6 7
8 9 b) Which of these are: track events? field events? Add one more event in each category.
" Word formation a) Complete the table with the names of the sportspeople.
Sport football
Sportsperson footbal/ei; footboll pla11e1
swimming
Co.mplete the spidergrams using the words below. Add two more words in each category. handball • running shoes • cyclist • court bicycle • ball • tracksuit • bat • athletics track • athlete • cycling • boxer • pool pitch • swimmer • field • water polo badminton • skier
The canoeist found it difficult to saddle/paddle upstream. The referee blew/threw the whistle to end the first half of the football match. Kate's got a personal/private trainer to help her get ready for the marathon. lt was a close score but Jenny was just happy to gain/win the tennis match. You need to have a lot of natural/physical strength to do weightlifting.
... „
8
I
Complete the TV guide for a sports channel with the words from the list. • victory • game • tournament • semi-finals • Olympics • event • motor race
• • Football exciting 1) . „ „ ............. „ ....... „. of football between Manchester United and Barcelona live from Old Trafford.
r Australia.
Tennis
Samantha has decided to go to an adventure camp. Read her email to her friend l
tion from both 3) ................ at Wimbledon. Who eh the final of the 4) ···················:::··:····~? _„
• Winter 5) ••••••••• ening ceremony to a spectacular sporting
Dear Katie, I hope you're well. I finally decided to go to the adventure camp. The problem is I stili need to get some 1) equipment/kit. Yesterday, I went to the sports shop and bought a swimming 2) suit/ uniform and a 3) cap/hełmet for the pool. I was wondering if I could b01rnw the other things I need from you. We're going snorkelling on Sunday so could you lend me your 4) snooker/ snorkel? I'll also need some 5) weights/flippers and I think we wear the same size. If it's no trouble, l'd also like to borrow your 6) pads/ goggles for my eyes. I can collect the things myself. I promise to return them next week. Let me know soon, please ! Samantha
Choose the correct word.
• rink • ring • pitch • court • pool • course
114
4
IEvents Choose the correct word.
Prepositions!Phrasal verbs
b) Where do the sports in Ex. 2a take place? Complete the sentences with the words below.
Football mateh es are played on a .... „ .. We go swimming in a ............. „ . You go ice skating on an ice ... „ ... „ „ ... . Boxing fights take place in a .. „ ........... . Basketball gam es are played on a ........... „ .. In golf, you can play on a 9 or 18-hole .... „ .. „
10
A(n) ...... „ ................ . trains you for a sport. A(n) .......... „ ....... „...... . . decides which players to buy and sell for a professional team. A(n) ................... „ . . . . . . . is a person w takes part in a sports competition. A(n) . ... .... ... .. is a football play whose job is to score goals. A(n) .... „ ........ is a person or tea who you are competing against in a sport. A(n) ....... „ „ ...................... „.. mak es sure playe obey the rules in games of tennis, cricket, etc. A(n) . .. ...... .... .... is a member of team who doesn't start a game but might a player during the game. A(n) ..................................... is a fan of a team or sportsperson. A(n) ... ... is a person attends and watches a sporting event. /\(n) ................................... can give a football a yellow or red card.
• • • • •
-ice skating boxing basketball golf.
2 3 4 5 6
t
• umpire • competitor 0 coach • spectator " supporter o opponent 0 referee 0 striker • substitute " manager
• discus • javelin • high jump • hurdles • long jump • relay •pole vault
2
Complete the definitions with the words in list.
Elizabeth couldn't jump off the diving board because she's afraid from/of heights. 2 Tony doesn't stop exercising - he's just so full of/ for life and energy! 3 The London Marathon was put back/off for a week due to the storm. 4 Jacob always tries to make the best with/of football practice by asking his coach for advice. Alexandra always takes great pleasure with/in ice skating with her friends.
6)
„ „ .. „ ................. „.
• • Monaco Grand Prix 1 I Sebastian
Vettel win Formula One's most famous in Monte Carlo?
" Collocations
9
Fili in with: hero, match, fan, goal, stadium, /osing, half, nil, spectacular, crowd.
Hi bloggers! Well, as you all know, l'm a huge football 1) „ ..•. „ „ „ ... , so last night I went to watch England play Hungary at Wembley 2) .... „„.„ ........ „ in London. lt was a really thrilling 3) .„ ...•.... „ „ ... „„. - and l'm not just saying that because England won! At the end of the first 4) .......... „ „ .... „ ..• the score was 0-0. Then, in the 62nd minute, Hungary scored a 5) .„ .... „.„ .. „ „ „ ... to go one6) ............ „ ..•.. „ „ up. At that point, you could tell everyone in the 7) .„.„ .... „ „ ••••••. was thinking 'Oh no, England is going to be on the 8) ....... „ „ ..•. „ .... side yet again.' But my sporting 9) ...... „ ....••..• „.. Steven Gerrard saved the day! He equalised in the 69th minute, then put England into the lead with a 10) ...... „ ............. goal just three minutes after that! What a night! l'm so glad I had the chance to be there.
(~)See Vocabulary Bank on p. 204)
11 5
1
2
Look at the picture and complete the gaps with appropriate words. (\
ijtJ]f@ ~;s;s: d:~~t~i;r:;;; -
r
„
treningów pływackich. Na podstawie informacji w niej zawartych zdecyduj. które zdania (1-5) są zgodne z treścią tekstu (fRUE), a które nie (FALSE). Zaznacz znakiem X odpowiednią rubrykę w tabeli. L-------------------~
True False Barry gets up early for swimming practice. 2 Barry no longer finds swimming fun. 3 Barry believes natura! talent is the main reason for his success.
In this picture I can see a young man 1) ..................... „ ... He's wearing a yellow 2) ........................ and black 3) ......................... He's also wearing 4) ......................... because it's a 5) ......................... day. The man is 6) ......................... along a 7) ..................... I don't think he is taking part in a 8) ........................ He's probably just 9) ... „ ................... . a bike ride.
3
Do the listening task.
uważa. że jest w złej kondycji i prosi Cię o radę. W liście (80-130 słów) do niego: • podziękuj mu, że zwrócił się z prośbą o poradę do Ciebie i okaż współczucie z powodu jego problemu, • doradź mu, aby zaczął uprawiać sport i podaj wynikające z tego korzyści, • zaproponuj dyscyplinę sportu, która byłaby dla niego odpowiednia i opisz jej zasady. • poinformuj go, jaki wpływ ma na Ciebie uprawianie sportów.
lf I were you, l'd „„„„„„„„„„„ 2 lf you do this, you'll „ „. 3 Th is way you'll fee I „ „.
5
ope my advice helps. Write back soon, tephen
Use the plan and the Useful Language box to write your letter to Peter.
DearPete1; (Para 1) openillg remarks; e:xpress I tbanks & -~}m1patby
sking for/Giving advice
(Para 2) advise Peter to take up a sport, describe benę/lts ' (Para 3) suggest sport and e~\plain its rules (Para 4) state wbat i1{/tue11ce bas doing.sports bad 011 you (Para 5} closing remarks
. Read the sentences. Which ask for advice? Which give advice? Which suggest a possible result?
4
Naw answer the questions.
Do you think the man is a professional sportsperson? Why?/Why not? 2 Do you enjoy doing sports? Why?/Why not? 3 Have you ever injured yourself playing a sport? What happened7
116
\ląmmm/ Twój przyjaciel z Anglii. Peter.
Wh.at kind of dance lessons are you thinking of taking? I recommend lamenco lessons. lt's a really exciting type of Spanish dance.
b) Describ~ the picture. Use your notes in Ex. 3a.
1~1
ear Nathan, I completely understand what you're going through and I think I can help. I was teased by my older brother when I started dance lessons. But l'm so glad I continued the lessons anyway!
lf your friends tease you, just ignore them. Hopefully, they will stop soon. lf they don't, you should rethink who your real friends are.
How many people are you going to listen to? 2 Which sport is their conversation about? 3 Which sports event is going to be mentioned? 4 Which of the following will Barry talk about? cfaily routine? food? training? money? family? friends? feelings? free time? Which words in the statements helped you decide?
b)
Twój przyjaciel z Anglii, Nathan, chce zapisać się na lekcje a. aby w przyszłości brać udział w konkursach. Obawia się jednak. że przyjaciele będą mu z tego powodu dokuczać. W liście (80-130 słów) niego: opisz trudności, którym musiałeś/-aś stawić czoło, gdy rozpocząłeś/ rozpoczęłaś lekcje tańca, zachęć przyjaciela do rozpoczęcia kursu, zasugeruj. jak może reagować na zaczepki, zarekomenduj mu rodzaj tańca.
, I really think you should start lessons. Dancing is such a fun and exciting way to exercise and meet new people. And there's so many different moves that you'll never get bored!
4 Barry complains about his daily transport costs. 5 Barry says he stili needs to improve before the Olympics.
Read the rubric. Use ideas from Ex. 3 to complete the sentences giving your advice to Peter
r-~~~----------~--~
1
.
I 2.9 B L1sten and compare your answers.
dotyczącą
·
4
- Opis ilustracji i odpowiedzi na pytania
What do you think I should do? lf I were you, l'd join a gym. The best thing would be to see a doctor. What would you advise me to do? This way you'll feel much better. 6 Why don't you take up a sport? 7 lf you do this, you'll become fit soon. 8 You should start exercising.
3 ,Q, Listen to three people talking about different sports and their benefits and keep notes under the headings.
(Yourflrst name)
Giving advice & expected results • Why don't you „.? • This way, you'll „. • lf I were you, l'd „. • You should „. • The best thing wo uId be to „.
117
i1łffi1Miij1 Wybór wielokrotny I
i'[.iffl&b~ Odgrywanie roli I
1
2
a) Read the rubric and answer the questions.
mm możliwości
r--------------------~
Usłyszysz dwukrotnie trzy nagrania I Z podanych odpowiedzi wybierz : właściwą. zgodną z treścią tekstu. Zakreśl literę : A. B albo C. a
a) Read the rubric and answer the questions.
-------------~-, Pracujesz jako recepcjonist(k)a
r
w centrum sportu i fitnessu. Rozmawiasz z osobą, która chce się zapisać na zajęcia. W rozmowie z nim/nią uwzględnij następujące kwestie:
L-----~--------------d
jakie sporty
można uprawiać
Recording 1 Why does George worry that he won't finish the race? A because he has not prepared enough for it B because of an injury he has C because of the predicted weather conditions Recording 2 The A B C
speaker in the recording is the ... captain of the team. coach of the team. referee of the match.
w centrum,
{\
b) 12.111 Now look at Question 1 and listen and read the extract from Recording 1. Which is the correct answer? George: Actually, l'm going to run in the city marathon on Saturday. l've been training for it for the past 6 months. Lisa: Wow! Will this be your first time to run in a marathon? George: Well, in a way. I had planned on running in one last year, but I sprained my ankle while I was warming up for it! I just hope that 1'11 be able to finish it tomorrow. lt's supposed to be boiling, so I might not make it.
c)1W1 Now do the rest of the listening task. Compare your answers with your partner.
118
sprzęt
jest
dostępny,
godziny otwarcia,
koszt.
·--------------------
Who are you? 2 Who are you going to talk to? 3 Should you be informal and chatty or polite and respectful? 4 What information are you going to give? 5 Read the four pieces of information. Think of words/phrases related to them and add to the Vocabulary Bank below. Vocabulary Bank
Recording 3 Members of the team's fan club will not A have to pay for tickets. B receive free transport to the stadium. C need to rush to buy tickets.
jaki
Sports
judo, karate, swimming, aerobics
fully equipped, lockers, wide range of machines, sauna, personal trainers Opening 6 days a week, every day ex ce pt ... , hours 24 hours a day f per week, f per month Cost
4
Facilities
1
1--~~~1--~~~~~~~~~~~~~
b) tJow use the Vocabulary Bank and Useful Language box below to act out your dialogue.
dictionaries. What clothes and equipment does an athlete need in order to swim?
2
Do you think a swimmer's swimsuit could make a difference when it comes to breaking a record? Read through to find out.
3
Do the reading task. Then explain the words in bold. r :
Asking for information • Could you please tell me ... ? • Is there ... ? • I was wondering if you could give me some information abo ut .... Providing information • You might like to try .... • There are a lot of sports you can do such as . • lf you like ... , there's .... • The centre is open .„ . • lt costs „ . .
Win or Gain? Fill in. Check in your
----------------------~ Przeczytaj tekst, z którego usunięto trzy zdania. Wpisz
I w luki (1-3) litery. którymi oznaczono brakujące zdania (A-E). tak
: aby otrzymać logiczny i spójny tekst. Dwa zdania zostały podane n dodatkowo i nie pasują do żadnej luki.
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
.......... „ ... a medal ................ experience ........ weight .................. a com petitio n .................. speed .... an argument .................. a championship .................. your free dom .................. an election .................. time
L--------------------------~
A Full-body suits are also a thing of the past.
The sport became about clothes, not talent. C This swimsuit is so tight that it takes up to half an hour to put on. D The swimmer with the best body, technique and fitness should win. That's why the polyurethane swimsuit was so popular with professional swimmers.
5
Do you think making polyurethane swimsuits illegal is right? In three minutes write a few sentences. Tell the class.
119
'lllnesses/lnjuries Col/ocations
1
3
Match the words to form collocations. Then answer the questions.
ITD ~
fol low
a regular exercise
stop
b enough sleep
~ brush ~ take ~do ~drink
[2IJ
join
~get
c smoking d a health club e your teeth vitamin pills g a sensible diet h eight glasses of water a day
I
Label the pictures. Which are (IL) illnesses? Which are (IN) injuries? Add three more items to each category. • • • • • •
twist your ankle • have a sore throat • cut your leg sprain your wrist • bruise your eye • have a toothache burn your hand • have a headache • have a cough have a stornach ache • break your arm have a temperature • pull a muscle have a cold/the fiu • hit your head
ffi'mptoms & treatment j
4
7
Which alternative ways can you use to treat these illnesses/injuries? Match and talk with your partner. '
8
Fill in with: learning difficulties, mute, hard of hearing, blind, amputee, physically disabled, visuallv impaired, deaf.
lmagine you are a doctor listening to your patients' symptorns. Use the words in the list to tell them what illnesses they have. Act out exchanges with your partner. • concussion ° food poisoning • a cold „ an allergy 0 a fever • a throat infection l've got a runny nose and I can't stop coughing. l've lost my voice. I can harclly speak. I was eating when a rash broke out on my skin and I couldn't breathe easily. I hit my head and now I have a terrible headache. After lunch, I had a terrible stornach ache and then I vomited. I feel really hot and my whole body is shivering.
Which of these ways to improve your health do you think is most important? Which do you think is least important? Why? 2 Can you think of any other ways to improve your health?
2
Fill in the gaps with the correct words in the list. • nutrition • lifestyle • weight • disorder • diet • obesity • fitness • habits
2 3 4
5 6 7 8
120
lt's important to have a healthy ... „ „ . „ .. „ ......... „ . „ . with lots of fruit and vegetables. Michelle has put on a lot of . „. „ ... „ „ „ „ „ „ .„ sin ce I last saw her. Anorexia is an eating ................... „ . that causes someone to stop eating. ... „ .............. „ .... „ „ is usually caused by unhealthy eating and a sedentary lifestyle. Poor .......................... „. can lead to health problems in later life. Lionel has a very active ................. . You should get rid of your unhealthy ............................. first. Exercise doesn't only improve your physical .. ... ... ... ... ... .. but can also help your mental health.
/'ve 90! o 1u!l/l\. ncb<' tl/l •. // (u11 i 'tup c1.iug/J111~1
You'\le gor o colr.1 2
Match the syrnptoms with the treatments. Then act out exchanges with your partner. have a heaclache have a bad cough
have a runny nose
a b c d e
apply cream put on a plaster take a painkiller use a nasal spray take cough syrup eat well and have a rest
Read the dialogue and fili in the gaps with:
A person who is . „ ....... „ .. „ . . . . . . . . . . . can't hear very well. A(n). ..... „ .. „ .. is a person who has lost an arm or a leg.
3 A person who has . . . has problems dealing with information. 4 A(n) ....... .. .... .. .... .. .. person can't hear anything. 5 A person who is . can't use a part of their body well or at all. 6 A(n) ................ „ .... person can't see anything. 7 A person who is ...... „ .. „ .. „ .. „ „ ...... can 't see very well. 8 A(n) ....
.......... person isn't able co speak.
painkillers, bone, dislocated, X-ray, pain, injection .
'Addictions j A: Bob, what happened to your arm 7 ,B: Weil, I was playing football last Wednesday when I fell and hurt my shoulder. I was in so much 1) ...................... „ .... „ „ . that at first I thought I had broken a(n) 2) A: Poor you ! What happened then? 8: I was taken to the hospital and had a(n) 3) .„. „ ..... „... „ ... The doctor told me that I had 4) .„ .................. „ ... „ my shoulder. A: Oh no! Then what? B: Well, I was given a(n) 5) . „ to make me unconscious so that he could put the shoulder back in place. : And how do you feel now? B: Not great. I stili have to take 6) „ but it's getting better every day.
9
Match the sentences (a-f) to the addictions (1-6) .
IT[]
gambling
~ nicotine
ITI]
caffeine
~Internet ~ video games ~shopping
a He can'Hive without coffee, tea or chocolate. b She spends hours online. c He visits casinos four times a week and bets on horse races. d He smokes four packets a day. e She can't stop using the Internet to access multi-player online role-playing garnes. He finds it difficult to stop buying things.
(~J See Vocabulary Bank on p. 206)
12 1
3 1
Why is sugar bad for our health? What should we do if we' re addicted to it? Do the reading task to find out.
~----------------~ : ~ Przeczytaj tekst. Do każdej 0 części tekstu (t-4) dopasuj nagłówek O (A-F) i wpisz w każdą kratkę : odpowiednią literę. Dwa nagłówki 0 zostały podane dodatkowo i nie odnoszą U się do żadnej części tekstu. L-~--------------d
2
Fill in: chemical, stable, intense, diseases, major, intake, cause, skip, pieces of
serio us 2 keep. 3 4 sugar .. „
„„.„
cravings
....
„ a meal 6 ·················· .. trigger 7 8 feel-goocl .......... „ . „ ......... „ . 9 „ „ ..... „ „ . „ „ ... „ . . „ „ „ „ . fruit
3
Match the words to make collocations.
ITD
[IT] 3
processecl taste low bloocl artificial regular eating
a sweeteners b habits c bu cis d intervals e sugar levels foocls
Choose the correct word.
ćonsuming foocls that have a lot of salt can be very harmful/hurtful to your health. 2 lt's important to be aware/alert of the aclclitives in your foocls. 3 Don't live/leave more than a year between visits to the clentist.
5 122
Choose the option A,
word(s) in bold.
What did you learn from the text? In three minutes write a few sentences, then read them to the class.
Eventually, Peter managed to fine! an open pharmacy. A achieved in finding B succeeded in finding C completed in finding
INVESTIGATE WHAT YOU'RE EATING B FOOL YOURSELF WITH FAKE TASTES
Sugar is highly addictive and extremely bad for your
C EAT AT REGULAR INTERVALS D AVOID MAN-MADE SUGAR SUBSTITUTES
E FINO OTHER SOURCES OF . health. High sugor intake HAPPINESS has been directly linked to F CUT OUT LATE-NIGHT SNACKS serious diseases. So foflow these tips to change your eating habits and moke your diet hea/thier!
IJIJ Don't just cut down on sweets and cakes; sugar is hidden
5 common ..
4
mm
B or C that best replaces the
huge number of processed foods. That means you must beco sugar detective! Read the labels when you shop and avoid all prod containing sugar. And be aware that ingredients that end in the suffix '-ose' (e.g. sucrose, dextrose, lactose) are forms of sugar which can be equally harmful.
[I[]
A major trigger for sugar cravings is low blood sugar levels. Therefore, it's important not to skip meals or leave more th 3-4 hours between meals or snacks. lf you go too long with eating, your blood sugar levels will fali too low which is a com cause of sugar cravings. Eating a few pieces of fruit throughout day is a good way fo keep your blood sugar levels stable. contains fructose, a type of sugar which is far healthier for your b
QI]
Don't fali into the trap of buying products which con artificial sweeteners. Although it might seem like a solu consuming artificial sweeteners can actually cause intense craving real sugar. Studies have shown that even though artificial sweete trick the taste buds, they don't trick the brain. After eating t products, you will continue to crave sugar and be more likely to bi on sugar at a later time.
G:IJ When we eat sugar, a 'feel-good' chemical called dopamine is released in the brain. So, when we crave sugar, we are ofte craving the satisfaction that dopamine gives us. But there are ot things that can trigger the release of dopamine - such as exer Studies show th9t people who exercise regularly are far less likely have sugar cravings since they have enough dopamine in their system.
2
ost people at some point in their lives take a basie first aid course. And one of the key skills that people learn in 1) .„„. courses is CPA. CPA, which stands for cardiopulmonary resuscitation, is an emergency procedure performed 2) „ „ „ people who are not breathing, usually due to a heart attack. Mostly, it involves pressing on the chest of lhe victim and blowing into their mouth. This 3) „ „ „ blood flowing around the body helping the person stay alive. But it has always been difficult to teach students the rate at Which they should press down on the chest of the victim. Now, though, researchers at the University of Illinois in the USA have 4) „ „ „ up with a way for students to remember the rhythm. All they need to do is to lhink of a famous Bee Gees song from 1977 called Stayin' Alive. According to the researchers, its rhythm of 104 beats per minute is exactly the same as the recommended rate of chest compressions during CPA. Today, the American Heart Association advises its CPA teachers to play the song during lessons, so that students can get a(n) 5) .„ .„ of the correct rhythm for chest compressions.
this on tak es arrived thought
B these B in B carries B come B beli ef
c c c c c
those to keeps gone idea
\U!im!;f
Choose the option A, B or C that completes the gap in both sentences. The doctor warned the obese women to cut „ .... on fast food. Paul went „ „ „ to work a month after his operation. C up A back B forward To the doctor's surprise, the patient .„ .. around quickly. Frank's worst fears true when he read the results of the tests. B went A brought C carne
Lisa is really annoying today. A a pain in the head B a pain in the neck C a sore on the arm
4
Choose the option A, B or C that is a translation of the Polish text in brackets and which correctly completes the gap. lf (objawy nie ustąpią) „ „ . give me a call. A your symptoms go away B your symptoms get worse C your symptoms persist
2 I heard that Peter has the fiu. (Szkoda, że) „ „ .• he'll miss the cup fina I. A What pity B How shameful C lt's a shame
5
WD
Complete the dialogues by choosing A, B or C. X: You don't look well, Suzanne. What's the matter?
Y:
. „ . „ „ „ „ . „ „ „ . „ .. „ „ .. „ „ „ . „ . „ .
A l'm a bit under the weather. B l'm feeling much better. C lt looks that way. 2 X: What did the doctor prescribe for you?
Y: A Just some painki!lers. B She said l've got the fiu. C lt didn't hurt at all.
123
t'·lflfi!l@~1thy living I 1
Put the different ways of living in the list in the correct box. Tick the items that describe your lifestyle. In what ways could you improve your lifestyle? Tell your partner. • eat fast food • do regular exercise • eat fruit and vegetables • drink fizzy drinks " get 8 hours' sleep a night o h~ve a stressful job • brush my teeth twice a day watch TV every night " walk to school Healthy -~~~1~-------~
„ł~--======-~--~~~~
Imnesses/lnjuries I 2
2 3 4 5 6 - 7 8
Fili in with: heat, upset, heart, deep, runny, high, sproined, food. I get a(n) „ ......... „ .......... „ ........... rash every summer, with itchy red spots all over my skin. Could you give me a tissue? I have a(n) .. „ „ „ „ .. „ „ „ „ .... „ .. „ „ nose today. Ned got a(n) „ „„ „ .. „ „. „ „ „ „ „ „ .. „. „ „. cut on his arm after falling off his bike. Jane got „ „ .. „ „ ....... „ „. „„ .... „ „. „ poisoning from eating the undercooked meat. Katy has a(n) „„ ....... „„„„ ... „ „ „„. „ temperature. The chilcl had a(n) „„„ . „ ... stornach after eating all the sweets. Peter has a(n) .„ „„„„.„.„„ .. „„.„ ....... „ an kle and has to walk around on crutches. He had a(n) „ ... „ „ „ „„ „ „ „ „. attack two years ago.
„ Collocations
3
• feel • have • cut • break • hit • twist
2 3 4 5 6
124
.. „ .. „ ..... „ „. „ „ ..... „„„„ „ „ „ .... „. „„.
Verb phrases
4
my finger/myself while shaving my an kle/my wrist a high temperature/a bad cough sick/dizzy my head/a nerve a bone/my arm
Fill in the gaps with the verbs in the list in correct form.
„ have 11
find
11
get • give 11 treat • take (x2)
„ make
„ call
11
A: Hello, Ben. What's bothe1 ing you today? B: Weil, l've had a terrible heacłache all cłay.
come
Also, l've been feeling 1). „.„ „„„ .... „„„ and my
Peter's ternp1eratun~',1,(;, li The doctor „ .. „„„„ .. „. A: to see if he had a fever. B: 2 Someone needs to „ „. „ this woman is badly hurt! A: The doctor deciclecl to ... oa·tier1t\'l 11 illness with antibiotics. That's a deep cut so you'll need to some stitches. Jill callecl the doctor's surgery and an appointment for next Wednesday. A: „.„„„ ... the David injured cyclist first aid while he waited for the paramedics to arrive. 7 One day scientists will probably „„„„„.„. a cure for this serious disease. 8 I have to „ .... „„„„ two of these pills three tirnes a day after meals.
5
2 3
Fill in the verbs to make collocations.
Fill in with: damage, temperature, head, vomiting, concussion, rest, treatment, bed, dizzy, eyesight.
'Symptoms & treatment!
4 5 6 7 8
stomach, heart, veins, brain, arteries, lungs, liver, spine. Fill in with:
The blood from the heart to other parts of the body. The pumps blood around body. The .. cleans our bloocl. The „„. .„ allow us to breathe. The „. are the tubes that bloocl from other parts of the body to the heart. The „. „ „ „. „ „ „ ......... is a line of bon es clown the centre of our backs. The „.„.„„ ..... and move. The „. „ „ is the part of the where food is digested.
2) . . „ „ is a little blurred. OK. And do you have a fever? No, I checked my 3) „ .. „ „.„ „.„„ ..„„„ „„. this afternoon and it was fine. Hmm. Ben, did you hit your 4) .„ „. .„ .. aga inst something today? Yes, I fell while I was cycling. But I was wearing a helmet, so I felt fine afterwards. Why? Do you think I have S). „.„„.„.? Yes, I think so. Sometimes it occurs even after minor 6) to the head. So, what should I do? A: Weil, the only 7) .... „ „ „ for cases like this is 8) . „ „ „ „ .. „. „ „„ „ .. Just go home and stay in 9) . for a couple of days. But if your headache gets worse or if you start 10) .„ „ ... , you should go straight to hospital.
"' Preposidons
8
Choose the correct preposition.
I know they're not good for me, but l'm really hookecl on/with fizzy drinks. 2 Mike's a fitness fanatic. He's obsessed to/with exercising ancl getting his body in shape. 3 lt's irnportant to do a little exercise on/frorn a daily basis 4 Sarah's arm is in/on a sling, but thankfully there's nothing broken. 5 Luke is at/in surge1y so the cloctors can work on the leg that he injured.
9
Match the definitions (a-f) to the words (1-6).
ITD ITD
white cane
[lIJ
hearing aid
[!Cl
wheelchair
[IT]
guide dog
~
prosthetic limb
sign language
a a chair on wheels that is used by people who cannot walk b a well-trained dog that can help a blind person move around c a system that uses hand movements to communicate words d an artificial arm or leg that is attached to an amputee's body e a small machine that is worn in the ear to make sounds louder a type of stick used by blind people to help them move around
IAddictions I
1OWhich addiction does each piece of advice match? check, come, fight, take, /et, get. Fill in with:
Drink plenty of water to help you . „ over yo ur cold. Your immune system should „.„„„ „. off a cold in a few days. The doctor said she'll . the stitches out next week. I think you should ask the doctor to „„„ ... „„„„„. „ out your rash. You should take regular tests to make sure the disease doesn't .. „„. back. I wish this awful cough would .. „„„„ up a bit.
A
nicotine
ITD ITD [lIJ [!Cl
B garnbling
C Internet
D alcohol
lt stinks. lt raises your risk of heart attack and stroke. Losing yourself online can help you forget your problems, but you end up having no social life in the 'real world'. lt confuses your thinking and can slow your reactions, as well as seriously affecting your health You may win at first, but over time you end up being hugely in debt.
U:bM&fip Rozmowa wstępna I
- Prawda/fałsz
1 aG1 Read the rubric and do the task. r~--------------------~
3
UE Usłyszysz dwukrotnie rozmowę
z lekarzem. Na podstawie informacji w niej zawartych zdecyduj. które zdania (1-5) są zgodne u z treścią tekstu (TRUE), a które nie (FALSE). I : Zaznacz Z'l'lakiem X odpowiednią rubrykę w tabeli. : True
Fi"~
Dr Jones advises people not to eat rneat. 2 Fats are needed to rnove vitamins through our body. 3 Meals should decrease in size as the day goes on.
2 3
Answer the questions.
1 Read the rubric, the Writing Tip and the model. 1 Find the adjectives the writer uses to describe: Do vou alwavs eat healthy food? Why?/Why not{ the is/and, the road, the car's lights, the pain. Do ~ou usuaily get enough sleep? Why?/Why not? What do you do to fee! better when you have ~&: ; ~ -----------------------~ Podczas pobytu za granicą uległeś/-aś I colcl/a stornach bug? : wypadkowi, jadąc na motorowerze. Napisz list (80-130 1 Do you watch your weight? Why?/Why not? I słów) do przyjaciela/przyjaciółki z Anglii, w którym: Do you enjoy exercising? Why?/Why not? I • przeprosisz, że wcześniej nie pisałeś/-aś, i podasz lf you coulcl ban cigarettes, would you? Why?/ I przyczynę, Why not? 1 poinformujesz, w jakim miejscu miał miejsce Do you think pets are good for a person's healthl; wypadek, Why7/Why not? • wyjaśnisz, jak doszło do wypadku, What cło you think are the best things and przedstawisz swoją opinię na temat opieki things about being a doctor? w szpitalu, do którego trafiłeś/-aś.
'f/iliJJ1tJiJI
4 5 6 7
8
4 People should eat 4 portions of green plant food each day.
ijf.ltJ!bJI Odgrywanie roli
5 Dr Jones says diet is mare important than exercise.
4
Read the rubric and do the task. Use phrases from the Useful Language box below.
Nie czujesz się dobrze i poszedłeś/ do przychodni. W rozmowie z lekarzem uwzględnij następujące kwestie: poszłaś
2
{\
- Dobieranie .
objawy. co do tej pory zażyłeś/-aś.
the task. Which words helped you decide? r------------------------~
:Md Usłyszysz dwukrotnie wypowiedzi czterech
co, Twoim zdaniem, spowodowało chorobę,
1 osób na temat radzenia sobie z przeziębieniem. Każdej
osobie przyporządkuj zdanie, które najlepiej : podsumowuje jej wypowiedź. Wpisz odpowiednie litery 1 (A-E) '!"kratki (1-4). Jedno zdanie podane zostało n r dodatkowo i nie pasuje do żadnej wypowiedzi. n I
kiedy po raz pierwszy zauważyłeś/-aś objawy i czy Twoje samopoczucie się poprawiło.
-------------------d
·------------------------d
126
• • • • 0 0
Speaker 1 Speaker 2 Speaker 3 Speaker 4
Narrating events When we narrate events, we normally use tenses. We always present the events in the order\ · happened so that the reader can follow our I H'OS 1valkin9 clo1·rn the streei 1vhen sucldenlv cal/ed my nome. also use adverbs and adjectives to make our rl1><:rrnnt1t>n< mare vivid. 1-/e wo/ker/ slow/1 towards the 1
12.14 • Read the rubnc and the sentences and do
A We learn about how the cold virus spreads from person to person. B The speaker describes a remedy involving a change of diet. c You can hear this announcement in an office. D The speaker expresses his/her distrust of cold remedies. E The speaker advertises a medicine.
3
List prywatny
• • 0
• •
I feel awful. My (throat/mouth/chest etc) hurts. l've been feeling like this for (four days etc). lt started after I (went swimming etc). I think I caught it from (my friend/dad etc). l've tried taking (aspirin etc). I stayed in bed yesterday. Nothing wmks. lt's just got worse and worse. l'm feeling a little better now. The medicine helped.
ar Joey, llo from Majorca. l'm so sorry for not writing sooner t l've recently been in an accident. rrived here last Monday and hired a moped to tour e island. lt's so beautiful here; the island has many ndy beaches with elear blue waters. On Wednesday, I s happily riding along a coastal road when I saw me bright lights ahead. lt was a broken-down car. I refully slowed down but then I suddenly skidded on patch of oil and fell off. I felt a sharp pain and uldn't move. lt turned out I had broken my leg. must say that the hospital staff here were very rofessional and took very good care of me. l'm out of spital now but my leg will be in plaster for ten eeks!
Find the adverbs the writer uses to describe how he: rade a/ang the coast, slowed down,
skidded.
a) Complete the extracts with these adjectives:
specia/, quite, painfu/, absolute, laud, poor.
(Writing Banie: listle-mai/ prywatny)
A
Breaking my arm while snowboarding is the most 1) „ . „ . „ .. „ .... „ . . thing l've ever experienced! My bone actually made such a(n) 2) sound when it broke that my dad, who was skiing 3) .. far behind me, heard it! B I spent the last three days in 4) „. agony! The doctor gave me some 5) . cream to apply, but my 6) . „ „ „ „ „ „ . „ . . . skin stil I felt like it was on fire ! b) Complete the extracts with these adverbs:
stupidly, quickly, slowly, heavily, dangerously, violently. A
People warned us to drive 1) .. „ „ „ . „ „ „ „ „ , but you know Sam; he never listens. Anyway, he took a corner far too 2) . „ „ „ .. „ „ „ , . „ „ his scooter skidded and he carne off. Luckily, he only got a few bruises „. ! but that will teach him to drive 3) „ „ . B The thing is, I actually thought my meal tasted a bit fu nny while I was eating it. But, 4) „ „ „ „ „ ..... . I didn't stop. I started feeling pains in my stornach just four hours later. I spent the next two days vomiting 5) ...... „ „ „ ..• and sweating 6) ..... „ .. „ ..
4
Read the rubric. In pairs decide on a plan to follow. Write your letter. Use phrases from the Useful Language box below.
~\W ;a~i;r:ł;ś/-: ;d:i;d;ć~~~a;ó~ - ~ w Anglii, ale Twoje plany pokrzyżował uraz. Napisz do nich list (80-130 słów), w którym: • przeprosisz za to, że nie możesz ich odwiedzić, • opiszesz, w jaki sposób doznałeś/-aś urazu. • napiszesz, jakiemu leczeniu zostałeś/-aś poddany/-a i jakie leczenie jeszcze Cię czeka, • wspomnisz o zaletach i wadach spędzenia kilku tygodni w domu.
----------------------~
Apologising • l'm so sorry. „ I can't make it. • l'm afraid I can't „. because ... • I fee I terrible I can't „. Describing an accident/injury • I was riding/running/skating when . „ • I didn't notice ... • I slipped/broke my leg
.____________________,,127 etc .„
iii*'@' Wybór wielokrotny I 1 1Q1
Wypowiedź na podstawie materiału stymulującego
Read the rubric and do the task.
r-------------------~ ~ Usłyszysz dwukrotnie trzy
I
: nagrania. Z podanych odpowiedzi wybierz u właściwą. zgodną z treścią tekstu. Zakreśl I literę A. B lub C.
3
a) Read the rubric, then do the tasl<.
r
g
zrzucić zbędne
D
ćwicząc
1I
"
I
L-------------------d
Recording 1 People with food poisoning should see a doctor if they ... A have a low temperature. B have difficulty drinking. C feel tired for mare than a week.
R
r------------------~-~-, ~Przyjrzyj się zdjęciom 1 i 2. Chcesz 1
"
kilogramy i poprawić swoją
kondycję.
na siłowni. Wybierz trening, który według Ciebie jest najlepszym sposobem na schudnięcie i poprawę kondycji. Uzasadnij swój wybór. Wyjaśnij. dlaczego odrzucasz drugą propozycję treningu.
: odpowiedzi wybierz właściwą.
zgodną
~ ~ t!,_e~ii t~k~'!;,. ~~~I !!,t<;!"t,A.:.. B.:. <;_al!>~~
0
!
The Wills's pet dog .. A was named after a town in England.
:
B has lived with the Wills family since birth. C was barn compl2tely deaf. D has skills to assist Nicola.
I
:
I ------~--~-----~---~~Q·
----------------~ Przeczytaj tekst. Z podanych
2 Lye usually signals to Nicola by . A touching her. B wagging its tail.
C shaking its head. D lying down in front of her.
Recording 2 3 Before she got clownstairs, Nicola .. A didn't know what was causing Lye's behaviour. B guessed her daughter was in trouble. C thought that Lye was just playing.
Tina can't come to the party because she ... B is iii. A has to work. C will attend a different party.
D was very annoyed by Lye's behaviour.
Recording 3 This A B C
4 Nicola gave her daughter first aid .
recording is for people who want to stop a bad habit. take part in a survey. organise a support group.
A the moment she saw she was choking. B after she had called emergency services. C while she was speaking on the phone. D when the paramedics arrived.
· Opis Ilustracji I odpowiedzi na pytania
am
ooniższe pvtania.
One of Lye's most important moments acting as Nicola's ears carne late one evening in 2009. lt was 11 :30 pm and Nicola was in bed with Lye curled up beside her. Suddenly, Lye :, jumped up and bolted out of the room. "Lye has an injured back and usually moves very slowly, even when she's playing," Nicola explains. "But she literally raced out of the room. A few seconds later, she carne speeding back and began pawing me frantically."
In the text the writer
Nicola, completely mystified, followed Lye downstairs. lt was then she discovered the cause of Lye's uncharacteristic behaviour. "I was met by a scene that every mother dreads," says Nicola. "My daughter was blue in the face
D asks readers to donate to a charity.
I
As well as being a lovable pet that wags her tail each time she is petted on the head, Lye performs a vital role for Nicola in her daily life. Not only does Lye alert Nicola to everyday sounds in the home by laying a paw on her; she alerts her to life-saving sounds such as smoke alarms and the horns of cars approaching from behind.
A shows the importance of hearing dogs. B warns people of the dangers of choking. C gives an account of a tragic event.
r--~------------------~ 2 Opisz zdjęcie i odpowiedz na I
I I
Nicola Wills, who is completely deaf from birth, lives with her 15-year-old daughter, Josie-Ann, and their pet dog, Lye, in England. Lye, a Labrador Retriever, is a 'hearing dog' - before joining the family she was specially trained by a charity called Hearing Dogs for Deaf People to act as Nicola's 'ears'.
~--~---·~-------------d
and unable to breathe." Nicola grabbed her mobile, dialled
999, and screamed her address into the phone. Then, she , saw her daughter turning a deeper shade of blue. "I knew I , had to do something," Nicola says, "so I hit Jasie-Ann on \
2
feeling of capability, getting closer, carries out, running or walking fast, shouted, touching with the paw, feeling of safety, picked up quickly and tightly, breathed in, suffering from being unab/e to breathe, wams about, moved away fast, made elear.
b) Answer two of the following questions.
128
Do you think the little boy feels comfortable being examined by the doctor? Why?!Why not? 2 Would you like to be a doctor in the future? Why?!Why not? 3 What's the worst illness you've had and how did it make you feel?
Are you, or would you like to be, a member gym? Why?!Why not?
2 Would you install gym equipment in your Why?!Why not? 3 What negatives are there to doing exercise? 4
How could you make your lifestyle healthier?
Match the words in bold to the definitions:
3
imagine you couldn't hear for a day. How would you manage your daily routine? In three minutes write a few sentences. Tell the class.
the back. But it didn't do any good. Then I stuck my fingers down her throat. Luckily, that was enough to get her gagging reflex going and she sta~d breathing again." When Josie-Ann recovered, she told her mother that she had begun choking after simply taking a sip of water. She had tried to shout for Lye but hadn't been able to speak. Lye, however, had heard Josie-Ann choking. When Lye appeared in the living room, Josie-Ann said she had given her the 'CALL . MUM' sign with her hand. When the paramedics arrived, they confirmed that Jasie-Ann had inhaled same water. They told Nicola that without Lye's help, Jasie-Ann could have been in serious trouble. "Lye is such a little hero," says Nicola. "She gives me the confidence and security to lead an independent life." adapted from http://www.hearingdogs.org.uk
129
Matura Exam Przeczytaj tekst, z którego usunięto trzy zdania. Wpisz w luki (1-3) litery, którymi oznaczono brakujące zdania (A-E), tak aby otrzymać logiczny i spójny tekst. Dwa zdania zostały podane dodatkowo i nie pasują do
I
żadnej luki~
,I
i
:Il
- Prawda/fałsz
~ iI. :I l
il
2 1Q1 Usłyszysz dwukrotnie wywiad z sanitariuszem. Na podstawie Informacji zawartych w nagraniu zdecyduj, które zdania (1-5) są zgodne z treścią tekstu (TRUE), a które nie (FALSE). Zaznacz znakiem X odpowiednią rubrykę w tabeli.
•1
!
il:1. ·1I ,,, ' '\
i\
True~~
'111 ,11
,.111
i:!
· 2
li
,I
li,I
3
I:. 4 5
1:\i I
Mark says he spends a lot of time working with doctors. Paramedics can only give treatment to people in pain. Mark says paramedics often deal with food allergies. Mark feels it's unsafe to work late nights. Mark's colleague once caused a serious shoulder injury.
l@f.łJ.Qt§.lł§ Rozmowa wstępna I 3
Answer the questions.
Which do you think is mare important: physical or mental health? Why? 2 What do you think of the national healthcare system in your country? 3 Do you believe that alternative medicines can help people? Why? 4 Do you have a stressful life? Do you think stress can affect your health?
130
Wypowiedź na podstawie materiału stymulującego
Sleep is as essential to human survival as food. In fa human beings can survive for longer without food th they can without sleep! Not getting enough sleep cause all sorts of health problems. On a daily basis, it make people feel irritable and can make it harder concentrate. ITI] Studies suggest that going witho adequate sleep for months on end increases the risk developing serious illnesses such as heart disease, diabet and cancer. So how much sleep do we need? Experts think adults r.e at least seven hours of uninterrupted sleep every day order to function properly. lt varies between individu however, with same needing as many as eight hours, a same as few as five. Teenagers, on the other hand, need much sleep as small children - about nine to ten hau [TI] Technology seems partly to blame - even wh they're in bed, teens continue to use mobile phones, M players and tablet PCs long into the night. All this mea that teens are putting their health at risk. lf you want to stay healthy, make sure you get a go night's sleep each night. First, decide on a 'sleep schedu and stick to it, even at the weekend. Also, experts advi turning off your TV, computer, and mobile phone early i the evening (no less than an hour before bedtime). 3 Without a doubt, you'll start to feel mare energetic in yo daily life. A Technology can also help a person maintain healthy sleeping patterns. B This will allow you to fali asleep more easily c In the long term, health problems can get more serious. o This makes teens twice as likely to be·come overweight. E However, recent research has found that American teens get around 6-8 hours of sleep a night.
Przyjrzyj się zdjęciom 1, 2 i 3. Specjalista w zakresie udzielania pierwszej pomocy zgodził się przeprowadzić szkolenie w Twojej szkole. Chcesz opracować plakat, który skutecznie zachęciłby do uczestnictwa w szkoleniu dzięki ukazaniu tego, jak ważna jest umiejętność udzielania pierwszej pomocy. " Wybierz zdjęcie, które według Ciebie najbardziej pasuje do plakatu i uzasadnij swoją decyzję. " Wyjaśnij, dlaczego odrzucasz pozostałe propozycje. Odpowiedz na dwa z
poniższych pytań.
How important is it to know first aid? Would you hke to work in a hospital? WhyNVhy not? How dangerous is playing sports at school? Are there any other practical courses you would like to see mare schools teach?
Przeczytaj zdania, których fragmenty zostały podane w języku polskim. Z podanych tłumaczeń wybierz właściwe. Zakreśl literę A. B albo C. Th is time tomorrow, I ...... (będę się przygotowywał) for surgery in hospital. A will preparing B will be preparing C will prepare Keep your medicine „ .... (poza zasięgiem) of children. A far from the reach B away from the reach
c List prywatny (Writing Bank: listle-mail prywatny)
Podczas pobytu na wakacjach za granicą nabawiłeś/ zatrucia pokarmowego. Napisz list (80-130 słów) do kolegi/koleżanki z Anglii, w którym: o przeprosisz, że nie pisałeś/-aś wcześniej, i podasz powód, 0 opiszesz restaurację. w której zjadłeś/-aś posiłek, który Ci zaszkodził. o napiszesz, co wydarzyło się po tym, jak poczułeś/
-aś się
-aś się źle, o
wyrazisz swoją opinię na temat zachowania kierownika restauracji, którego poinformowałeś/ -aś o zatruciu.
131
5 1
Find five phrasal verbs in the text. Match them to the meanings.
What do you know about the USA? Why is it called the Land
1 to divide into two or mare
of Opportunity? Read and check.
separate from, get one's independence Lo force to leave 4 to create 5 to date from 2 3
2
Read the text and answer the questions.
Who were the first known inhabitants of the land that is the USA today? 2 How did they getto America? 3 When did the English first create a settlement in America? 4 How did the English colonies succeed? 5 When was the USA created? 6 How many states were there at first?
7 What does the term 'melting pot' mean? 8 What is the national symbol of the USA?
3
Match the underlined words in the text to the meanings below. strong
2 3 4 5 6 7 8
slowly got rich real chance land huge grewor developed in a· healthy
9 10 live in a land becoming
11 12 created 13 14 wet areas of land
6
Match the British English word to its American English equivalent.
ITD he United States of America was ntt;.„;~u•. ·.:i:: created in 1776 and so is one of youngest countries in the world. However, history of the land on which il was fQunded back a long way. In !act, America has inhabited since prehistorie limes, when crossed what is now the Bering Strait from Alaska on foot and then moved south.
people arrived and along with them a large number of slaves from Africa who worked on plantations. Gradually, the English managed to and drive out the Spanish, French and Dutch. The colonists quickly prospered due to the natura! wealth of the land and their hard work, and eventually decided to break away from England. 4th July, 1776, thirteen American colonies declared their Independence from Britain and the United States of America was born.
gradually split up into a number of tribes settled across the land while developing inio culture known to us today as Native They were a peace-loving people who enjoyed
Today, the United States of America is one of the largest, wealthiest and most powerful countries in the world. From its beginning, il has been considered a land of opportunity, where anyone can succeed. Il has attracted immigrants from all over the world and is called a
simple life. They farmed the land, fished hunted wild animals. Native American flourished for centuries until the first conguered their land.
'melting pot' because of all the different people mixing together. The population consists of almost 63% people of non-Hispanic European origin, 15% Hispanic/Latino origin, 13% African origin and 4.5% Asian. English is the national language and the officia! language in 28
In 1492, Christopher Columbus and landed in the Americas and became the Europeans to arrive in what became known New World, although the actual mainland would not be reached until
states. American English is very similar to British English, but it has a lew differences. There are many different American accents and a number of words are spelt differently or have a different meaning. For 'soccer' in American English means 'football' in British and '!all' means 'autumn'.
later. During the 16th century, the Spanish, French and Scottish tried to set up colonies North America and often fought first successful English settlement established at Jamestown in Virginia in the east of the country in 1607 and is considered many to be the beginning of American Over the following decades, many more
USA is a huge country with many different types of landscape. lt got severa! ranges of mountains and vast plains as well as and marshes. Every year, millions of tourists go to see natura! wonders such as the Grand Canyon and Niagara Falls. The USA is home to a variety of anima! species. Some of its most famous imals are the bald eagle, which happens to be the national symbol, grizzly bear and the buffalo. The country is also known for its ema and hundreds of films are made in Hollywood every year.
T
[IT] [I[] [![] ~
rICl
[IT] [!I] ~ ~
ITI[] [!30
1
post taxi shop
d
e
fal I mail
soccer g sidewalk h stare movie j French fries k check vacation
Complete the summary with:
In 1)
„ „ .................
times, native tribes inhabited
America. In 1494, Christopher Columbus landed in the Americas and a few decades later Europeans started arriving on 2) ..... „ . America and established 3) ...... . there. The British eventually 4) .... „ ......... . America, but the 5) . „ ......... „ .... „. „.. broke away from Great Britain and declared their 6) ......... „ .............. on 4th July, 1776.
H\]ai'lthte Amerrkall1l ff»R"(J>Verrlbs
i.
---------4! The large groups of natives split „ .. „ ...... smaller tribes. American English is similar ............ British English in many ways. The immigrants settled .... „ ...... various towns across the country. The country is known ........ „ its beautiful landscapes. The people crossed the great plains ............ foot.
holiday pavement motorway
a cookie
b cab c freeway
mainland, prehistorie, independence, colonies, colonised, settlements.
"'
Fili in: in, into, for, on, to.
autumn football film biscuit bill chips
1
~·D _, • Our first teacher is our own hernt. (Cheyenn;)
i • When a man mov~ away from nature, his: heart becomes hard. (Lokata)
n
I
e
~=~=~~~~~~~~~~~~~==~~~~~=d
8
How is the USA similar or different to your country? In three minutes write a few sentences. Read them to the class.
Quotations _ __ •A bouse divided against itse(f a11111ot stand. • As I would not be a slave. so I wo11/d not be a 111aste1: Tb is exercises my idea ąf democracy. Abrabam Li11co/11 (US Preside111)
133
J!Nf 1@6'łi Science & scientists I
4
Verb
1
Fili in with:
prove, explore, discover, do, invented, get.
The scientist was employed to ........................... . research on faraway planets. Chris hopes to .................................. an award for his biojpgy project. Do you know who ... .......... the first computer? The astronaut Yuri Gagarin was the first person to .............................. space in 1961. Many scientists are trying to ..... a cure for cancer. The physicist was told that she needed to ............................. her theory with scientific facts.
2 3 4 5 6
2
Match the definitions (a-g) to the job titles (1-7).
QI] biologist [31] archaeologist ~ mathematician
~linguist
@::[] inventor ~ astronomer
@I] psychologist a a person who creates a device for the first time b a person who studies living things such as plants and animals c a person who studies past human life d a person who researches languages e a person who studies algebra and geometry a person who studies the stars and the planets g a person who observes the mind and behaviour of human beings
IUsing appliancesl
IModern technology I Match the devices (A-F) to the functions (1-6). Make sentences.
01
mobile phone
calculator
~
2 3 4 5 6
134
Which of the items in the pictures run on electricity? Which need batteries to work?
b) Tick the ways you use a computer. Tell your partner.
ITD i:::rD
send text messages view small objects through a lens so they larger [I[] send and receive signals [![] add and subtract numbers stare music files ~ playfilms
• " o 0
play games do online shopping ...... . send emails type/print letters
" " " "
surf the Net collect information chat online stare pictures
ITJ
ew
A calculntor 1s u5ecl w ocld nncl sulJtrnct numbe1s
IMo~ile phones I 5
Match the pictures (A-F) to the words (1-6) be low.
Choose the correct item. John had difficulty connecting to/on the Internet. The audience was required to switch on/off their mobile phones before the show. Nick forgot to plug the rnachine into/onto the wali socket. There were no instructions in the box on how for/to assemble the new computer. Jennifer did not know how to take out/of the battery from her digital camera. lt is getting dark. Could you turn off/on the lights?
9
keyboard, printer,
hairdryer
" Prepositions!Phrasal verbs
3
a) Label the computer parts with the words:
screen, modem, scanner, speakers, tower.
Fili in with:
Useful phrctses
chat, design, print, read, save, surf.
My laptop won't ................. the DVD, so I can't watch the film. Can you . ..... ...... ... . .. .. the document in colour and leave it on my desk, please? You should ... .... ... ... .. . yo ur documents in different folders to find them easily. I usually .......................... the Net looking for interesting blogs to read in the evening. We use Skype to .......................... online with our relatives in the USA. Chris and Mike are really into computer programming - they even want to .......................... their own websites. Fili in with:
click, connect, copied, disconnect, search, tum, upload.
First, 2) ..................... on your digital camera and 3) .. „
„ .. „ ... „ „ „ „
it
to the computer. Then, 4) ..................... for your camera's files in 'My Computer'. 5) ................ „
ITD battery 2 3
case button
[![] charger [W screen
~ hands-free s
...
on the pictures you want to upload.
Ciick on 'Upload Selected Pictures'. The pictures will automatically be 6) ·.................... onto your computer. Finally, 7) ..................... the camera from your computer.
1OFill in with: fil/, froth, goes, make, pour, stop, tum, wait.
1
1) . „
:. 1•
: :• : ,• :• : :• :• ,• : :•
How to impress guests and milk with your espresso
'
„ ...... „ .. „ ..
machina
.
. :
... „ .. „ .. „ .. „ ....... sure the machine 1s turned on. When the light 3) ......................... green, you're ready to go. 4) ..................... the jug halfway with milk. lmmerse the froth assistor under the surface of the milk. 5) ................ the steam handle clockwise. Then, 6) ... „ ......... „ .. „ „ „ . for two minutes. 7) ............................ the steam when the milk temperature reaches 70°C. Now, you can 8) ................... the steamed
2) .. „
1
: : : 1
: : : : 1
: :
~ _ ~i~k !~d_f~o~h _o~e~ ~o_:i~e_:i~r~s_:'~ ____ _;
(~) See Vocabulary Bank on p. 208)
13 5
3 ~ Choose the option A,
Dobieranie
1
2
B or C that best replaces the word(s) in bold.
Read the titles of the three texts (1-3). What do you think each one is about? Where can you see them? Read through to find out.
Could you help me; I can't install the printer. A offer a hand B lend me a hand C borrow your hand
Do the reading task. Justify your answers. r-----------------------~ I Przeczytaj trzy teksty na temat telefonów D
'fliJlJJ!lJjjj/
: komórkowych. Do każdego tekstu dopasuj właściwą : R odpowiedź A. B albo C. D
2 Can I borrow your laptop? I need to use the Internet to check my emails. A surf online B connect online C go online
L-----------------------d Bridgetown Science Museum
4
Our aim is to inspire wonder at the world of science in people of all ages. Temporary exhibition: The Technology ofMobile Phones, •
Visit the exhibition's Living Lab section where you can learn how to
The museum's mobile phone exhibition . A will be open for a limited time. B is free for students and childre C inclucles lectures by experts.
construct your own mobile phone! All scientific experiments overseen by experienced staff. Entrance: 1O Special deals for students and children under 16
Mobile Education Mobile pl1one technology has changed our world forever. Mobile Edućation, however, wants to go one step further. We are a charity that uses mobile phone technology to help educate people in disadvantaged regions of the world. For example, we are involved in projects that send texts containing health and hygiene advice to owners of mobile phones in South Africa. Our organisation is partly government-funded but we also rely on public donations. lf you can help, please email: [email protected]
Match the highlighted words their meanings: trendy, poor,
Smartphone for Sale f200
136
4
In three minutes write three reasons why you would like to visit the museum in Text 1. Who else in the class has got the same reasons as you?
„ „„
while
2 My phone (bateria wyczerpała się) „ „ „ again. A has a faulty battery B doesn't have a battery C has run out of battery
3 You can see this text . A in a newspaper. B on a noticeboard. C in an electrical shop.
supervised, partial/y, free, build, depend on, for a limited time.
Brand-new stylish stainless steel smartphone with seven-inch screen for sale. Model number: Phoneteck 453-3L. Selling because received as gift and already have same model. This smartphone features an MP3 player and Internet browser with excellent sound and picture quality. Sold with a complimentary red leather case. Contact: [email protected] or ask for Richard in Dorm 5, Room B.
Please, (ścisz telewizor) l'm on the phone. A putt off the lV B turn down the lV C close the lV
2 The writer of the text . A invites applications for a job. B encourages readers to give money. C aclvertises classes on mobile technology.
3
Choose the option A, B or C that is a translation of the Polish text in brackets and which correctly completes the gap.
5 ro ute stands for their sight
B B B B B
tell direction means that its view
c c c c c
say way names after it's vision
Choose the option A, B or C that completes the gap in both sentences. Their electricity was cut „ „ „ because they forg ot to pay the bill. Th is radio can only run „ „ „ the mains power. B off C with A by The mechanic can „ „ „ apart a car engine and put it back together again. The scientists „ „ „ great pride in the medical research they do. B take C get A put
m.t!tm'/
Complete the dialogues J:>y choosing A, B or C.
X: Are you pleased with the camera you bought? Y: ······································· A No, it was good value for money. B No, l'm not very interested init. c No, it's not up to scratch. 2 X: l'd like a replacement for this toaster.
Y: ················································· A 1'11 get your cash right away. B Certainly, that will be f20. c 1'11 get one of the same model.
137
IUsing appliancesl
'1·Ifi@fiifł Science & scientists I 1
9
Match the correct definitions (a-h) to the words (1-8).
ITD
[I[] QI] @TI
experiment data conclusion @vidence
[IT] 6
[!O
Fili in with:
Give me Jenny's address and 1'11 write to her tonight. Capy the file anto a(n) „ . stick and give it to Ben. I always li sten to my own „. „ „ compilations when I walk to school. The first thing you should do with your new laptop is to install a(n) „ ... „.„„„.„ „„ .... program.
formula findings hypothesis analysis
a something you think is true but have not proved b what you discover as a result of research c the facts which prove that something is true or not d a detailed examination of something in order to understand or explain it e a controlled investigation to test for facts a general rule to salve a problem or show a pattern g an opinion reached after observing results h a collection of information which can be analysed
1·
I
2
Save this new file to your desktop and send the ald one to your ... „„.„„ bin. Make sure you have a(n) ... „„„. „„.„„ „„ of your files before you reformat your PC. Fili in with: de/eted, download, lose, reformat, restart, shut, transferring, reinstall.
Read and match. ear Sir/Madam,
• astronomy • mathematics • chemistry • biology • sociology • zoology • geology • anthropology
mwriting regarding a technical problem I have recently encountered
The sudden and violent movement of the tectonic plates of the area caused the earthquake.
sth that you can play on a computer a small electronic processor that carries out functions in a computer circuit a rnan-made telecoms device that orbits Ea an electronic device that connects comput to the Internet a disk that stores files and plays videos a device which stores and generates from sunlight
2 Three multiplied by five equals fifteen .................. .
3 The sun is the centre of aur solar system. 4 The cell is the basie unit of life .. „„„„ „ .. „„„.„ .. „ ... 5 Water consists of two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen .. „ ...... „ .. „. „ „ „ „. „ „ „ „ 6 Fossil findings suggest that birds evolved from dinosaurs ..... „.„.„ .. „„ ... „„ .... „ .. 7 The ability to acquire language is unique to human beings. „„.„.„„ .. „.„„ „„„.„„. 8 Society can influence human behaviour in many different ways .... „ .. „. „ „ „ „ „ .... „ „ „ ...
3
Match the inventions to the scientists who invented them. Check in the key. Make sentences.
ITD [I[] QI] @TI [IT]
Alexander Graham Bell John Logie Baird Rowland Hill Thomas Alva Edison Willis Haviland Carrier
~ Ernst Siemens qg
JS
PP
a tel~~i~io~ ; b loudspeal<~r c telephóne d lightblllb e postage.statnp air conditioner ·.
ez
Alexander Graham Bell invented the ...
138
antivirus, backup, recycle, music, memory, email.
:Xa>111.:
5
Complete the sentences with the words belo • digital camera • microwave oven • netboo • remote control • robots • telescope
y laptop. lt keeps crashing when l'm in the middle of k' something. I try and 1) . . war ing „ .. „ „ · · „. ·· · ·· ····· the mach1ne when 11 crashes b t doesn't even 2) „ ... „.„ ..... · „.„„ down - 1 't's l"k . frozen. f 3) ' u . 1 e .1t 1s hlus1c and films from the Internet all the time I 4) ... „ ...... „.„ ... „
~ownlo~ded files, but the computer stil! has a p;oble~:·Wh~~·~h~~ici 1a~o~Y 1ours fa1thfully, Barnes
·
2
much quicker than a conventional cooker. 5 ........... „......... „ „ .. „„„„ .. are generally small, low-cost versions of laptops. 6 I use a ... „„„„ .... „ .. „ .... „„„ the channel on my television.
rA: How is your new DVD player? " 8: I don't know. I haven't used it yet. Can you show me how, please? A: Of course. Let's 1) „ .. „„„.„.„ everything's plugged in. OK. Is the re mote control 2) . „ „ .... „ ....... „ „ with working batteries? 8: Erm „ . yes. There are two AA batteries inside . A: Great. Most of the time you'll 3) ... „„„„ .. „„„ .. the machine with the remote. 8: OK. A: First, press the 'open' button on your rem ote to 4) „„ .„ ...... „„ „ the DVD. Then, just 5) ... „.„„„ .. „„. the tray gently and it will close again automatically. The DVD player will 6) .. „„.„ .......... „ . the DVD. All you have to do is 7) „ .... „ „. „ „ „ „ „ . 'play movie' from the title menu. 8: Is that all? Are there any other functions? A: Yes, there are lots more. 8: OK, 1'11 8) .„ .. „ .... „ ...... „. everything else out later. Thanks! A: You're welcome. \,.
Mr Barnes, regret to hear that you have problems with your computer. lt ms that your laptop has been infected by a virus. In order to solve e problem, you should Sl .„ .•. „.„ •..•. „„... the computer. start by „„„„„„.„„ .... „ all your files onto an external hard drive. and use your ftware cos to 7> „.„.„.„.„.„.„„. the programs you use. Make sure you n't 81 .... „.„ .. „.„ ... „„ all your files and software durlng the process. We uld recommend that you only buy cos and DVDs trom a shop.
You can see the photos you take immediat with a „ ............... „ ...... „„.„ .. „ .. „.„ .. . Astronomers can see the stars by looking throu a „ ... „„.„ ....... „ ....... „ ...... „ ....... . 3 „ ............. „ ............ „ .. „ .. „ ....... have replaced a of human workers in the manufacturing indust 4 A„ .. „„ ... „
Fill in with: check, equipped, figure, insert, operate, push, read, select.
Fill in with:
make, check, listen, set.
Excuse me for a moment. I have to .. „. „„ .. „ ........ „ a pilone call. You've gat same missed calls, so you'll need to „ .. „ .„„„„„ .. „„ your voice messages. Don't forget to ........ „„„ .. „.„ .. the alarm clock to wake up early. I don't have any MP3s stored on my phone, but I can stili .„„ .„„„„„ ....... to the radio.
1OChoose the correct preposition. Would you like to print these files in/at black and white or colour? 2 l'm going to comment to/on Daniel's most recent blog post. 3 You can have access to/at my Internet connection if your laptop has gat WiFi. 4 Is there any way to retrieve files that were deleted in/from my hard drive? 5 I don't know how to access my emails from/to my new Blackberry yet. 6 You'll get a free iPhone if you sign up with/for this Internet provider.
0~ J See Vocabulary Bank on p. 208)
13 9
'it!tj.@hi@ Wybór wielokrotny I 1
a)
List półoficjalny
3
,Q, Read the rubric and do the task.
I \i~lm~ Usfy~s; dw-;;~o;i;~Po;ie"di Bczterech osób na temat urządzeń elektrycznych. : Przyporządkuj zdania (A-E) odpowiednim osobom 1(1-4). Jedno zdanie zostało podane dodatkowo i nie I pasuje do żadnej osoby.
~ I : 1 I
L--------------------d
A We learn about a device of the
Speaker 1
future. B You can hear this announcement
Speaker 2 Speaker 3
Read the rubric. Follow the plan to act out your dialogue.
1
:
0
D The speaker advertises a device. E The speaker gives instructions on how to use a
O
-aś kupić
Studiujesz w Anglii i nowy telefon komórkowy. Porozmawiaj
b) What other new electrical devices do you think we will be using in the future? Discuss with your partner.
2 - 3 4 5 6
7 8 9
1O
Which branch of science do you think is the most interesting and why? Is it more important to have a good phone or a good computer? Why? Dei you play computer games? Why?/Why not? Do you ever buy things online? Why?/Why not? What are the advantages and disadvantages of _communicating by email? How are memory sticks useful? What technological invention are you most grateful for? Would you put a solar panel on your house? Why?/Why not? What are digital photography's good points and bad points? What three electrical devices or appliances couldn't you live without? Why?
Greet customer. __,/Say you want to buy a Offer assistance. / / new phone. Ask what kind of ~Give details of your old
phonę B is looking/phone and the features
you want to replace (e. poor quality camera, buttons) Ask B what new : - - - / Give details of two ort features they have / points (e.g. touchscree~ in mind. GPS; MP3 player) Ask B how much ~tate a price. they want to pay.~ Suggest a phone ~lnsist on your choice an for.
which does not /ask for another option. include one of the desir~d features. fe · Ment1~n another mare 7Ask if it includes any . expens1ve phone. / accessories. Mention one ~Express interest in the accessory included in accessory and agree to the price. buy the phone.
4
{\ .
a2.18 Dl1sten to two people doing the task. Compare your performance to theirs.
140
[![] thanks
a million for
your help with my computer and new MP3 player.
[![] Thanks
to you, I now know
how to connect the player and transfer music to it from the PC.[![] I couldn't have done
_
it without you! ~ l'm over the moon
and~ I owe you one!
[![] Cheers!
so much for the money you gave me for my kind of you. I spent it on a fantastic
cena,
B
d your advice was invaluable e l'm really delighted because of your kindness
Dear Mr Fields. I wanted to say
ze sprzedawcą. uwzględniając następujące KWestle: :l~:l~·~c',·
A
Answer the questions.
: urodziny. abyś mógł/mogła sobie kupić cyfrowy aparat :fotograficzny. Napisz list (80-130 słów). w którym: • podziękujesz mu za przysłane pieniądze, • opiszesz aparat, który kupiłeś/-aś, • porównasz swój now;1 aparat do starego i wymienisz jedną funkcję nowego aparatu, która jest lepsza od tej w starym aparacie, opiszesz, jak spędziłeś/-aś swoje urodziny. ______________ = _ _ _ _ _ _ _
Replace the phrases in bold (1-6) in the thank-you letter with the right semi-formal equivalents (a-f).
a thank you once again b 1'11 be glad to return the favour sometime c how grateful I am
o
o 0 funkcje Twojego starego telefonu, o których nie chcesz w nowym, n n akcesoria, o
device.
i@f.@btbm Rozmowa wstępna I
Read the rubric and model answer. Underline the sentences that thank the reader.
1,---------------------~-~ Twój wujek z Australii przysłał Ci pieniądze na
r------------------~ postanowiłeś/
in an electrical shop. Speaker 4 C The speaker explains why he/ she stopped using an electrical device.
2
3
(Writing Bank: list! e-mail półoficjalny)
camera and l'm really delighted with it. a beautiful lightweight camera with a black and yellow design. lt doesn't have too many settings so it is very user-friendly. lt has a much bigger screen than my old camera, so it's much easier to decide which of the pictures I take I should keep or delete. 1 used the camera at my birthday party and took over photos! Mum made a beautiful chocolate cake and all my school friends carne to celebrate with me. We all had a great time. Thanks again for being so kind. Give my regards to Aunt Maria. Best wishes, Robert
Bob
4
Read the rubric and use language from the Useful language box to do the task.
---------------~ Właśnie ukończyłeś/-aś kurs języka angielskiego w wersji online. Napisz list (80-130 słów) do nauczycielki prowadzącej ten kurs. W liście: • podziękuj nauczycielce za pomoc w czasie kursu, • opisz, w jakim stopniu kurs podniósł poziom Twojej znajomości angielskiego, 1 • opisz wady i zalety nauki angielskiego online, 1• zaproś nauczycielkę do siebie. r
~------------------Which of these sentences are (SF) semi-formal ways of saying thank you and which ones are (I) informal? Your kindness is appreciated. Cheers (for the card etc). l'm over the moon with it. Please accept my sincerest thanks. lt was very considerate of you. Thanks a lot for the present. I love it! I owe you one. I was delighted with your lovely present. Thanks a mi Ilion! Your present is much appreciated.
Thanking • I want to thank you for ... • I can't thank you enough. • Your help is much appreciated . • Thanks to you, my English ... Presenting pros and cons • On the one hand, ... • In one way, .... but .... lnviting • Why don't you come ... ? • You'd be very welcome to come ...
141
iitffliffiffi@wybór wielokrotny
1
2
a) Read the rubric, the question stems and options below. Underline the key words.
~iiiif-Csfys~;z ~;u~r~t~e-
a) Look at pictures 1 and 2.
,Q, Listen to someone describing a picture. Which one is he describing? How detailed is his description?
Read the rubric and then do the task.
"I
: trzy nagrania. Z podanych a możliwośd odpowiedzi wybierz I właściwą. zgodną z treścią tekstu. I ~ ~a!r.:_ś!,!it;ri ~· ~ ~b~ ~· ____ ~
r--------------------~ I Przeczytaj artykuł, z którego usunięto
: trzy zdania. Wpisz w luki (1-3) litery. którymi 1 oznaczono brakujące zdania (A-E). tak aby : otrzymać logiczny i spójny tekst. Dwa zdania zostały u podane dodatkowo i nie pasują do żadnej luki.
Recording 1 The A B C
robots in Sandra's factory ... are not mobile. do multiple tasks. are each controlled by an employee.
Recording 2 Students involved in the competition must .:. A complete their projects alone. B be secondary school graduates. C be first-time entrants. Recording 3 The A B C
What do you know about the Nobel Prize? Who founded it? Why? Read the text to find out.
b) Use these words/phrases to describe the other picture. • sit at desk • computer • look puzzled • suit and tie • check in diary c) \łMill!!iU/ Describe the picture, then answer the questions.
speaker is advertising a(n) ... Internet service provider. type of laptop. online shop.
Nobel's own contribution to science was that he invented a way to create explosions. Nobel was distraught at the death of his brother. You could say that science was in Nobel's genes. Alfred was so horrified by the description that he decided to do something about it. This was dynamite - an invention that would change the world. Match the underlined words to their meaning. o stated o managed o not discouraged • started • build • produced • worldwide
Choose the correct word. Alfred Nobel found/founded the Nobel Prize and named it after himself. He discovered/invented the detonator for dynamite and nitroglycerin. He ran/worked his business successfully. Soon, dynamite was in action/use all over the world. He managed to enlarge/expand his business globally. The prize holds/bears his name.
,Q,
b) Do the listening task. Compare your answers with your partner.
a) Why do you think Nobel created the Nobel Prize? In three minutes write a few sentences. Tell the class .
Do you think the woman in the black top in the picture is enjoying what she is doing? 2 How important is it for young people to learn to use a computer? 3 What was the last problem you had with a computer? How you salve it?
142
. b) Which person from your country would you nominate for the Nobel Prize for Literature? Peace? Why? Decide in pairs. Tell the class.
Nobel Prize winners receive their awards in Stockholm, Sweden - the home of the man who founded the prize, Alfred Nobel (1833-1896). [!I] His father was an engineer who ran a successful business that manufactured explosive mining tools in Russia. After studying chemistry at university, and a brief period working for a warship builder in Americ~, Nobel started work in his father's weapons factory tn St Petersburg in 1855. However, with the Crimean War over. the factory wasn't as busy as before and it closed down a few years after Alfred's return. Undeterred, Nobel decided to carry out experiments of his own with explosive materials back in Sweden. In the 1860s, he invented detonators - devices for starting controlled explosions. lt was dangerous work, though. In fact, in 1864, Nobel's factory exploded and Nobel's younger brother Emil was killed. But Nobel continued with his research and, three years later, he discovered a mix of substances that was less dangerous and much easier to handle Before long it was in than earlier explosives. use globally mal
m=:J
ltHfi@fii@ Cli mate I
'Landscapes
1
3
I
8
Match the natura! disasters (a-f) to what the people say (1-6).
Label the places in the picture. a blizzard b volcanic eruption c landslide
~ ~ ~
GIJ [II] [TI]
d e
wildfire hailstorm epidemie
"I saw black smoke coming from the mountain, then lava started flowing out." "Our house was covered in snow by the time the wind died down." "Small balls of ice crashed against the windows of the house." "Doctors are advising people to wear face masks to avoid catching the disease." "The blaze swept through the forest." "We looked up and saw a huge number of rocks falling down the hill."
IEnvironmental problems I 'Plants & animalsl
4 lt's raining. lt's snowing. lt's foggy. lt's hot. lt's (very) cold. 0
lt's sunny. lt's warm. lt's windy. lt's freezing.
Mammals
Reptiles
lnsects
dofµhin
crocodile
mosąuiio
below, strong, elear, mild, blazing, weather, heat, heavy.
-1
The· .................. forecast said it will snow tomorrow.
2
You should avoid staying out in the sun during a .................. wave.
Fill in with:
4
....................... win ds blew some tiles off our roof overnight.
5
Make sure you wrap up; the temperature will be .................. zero today.
6
I enjoy flying my kite when there's a gentle breeze and a .................. blue sky.
7
Kate was badly sunburnt by the .................. sun
8
when she went to the beach. Most countries in Europe have a .................. cli mate, which means there isn't much extreme weather.
----V.·.· ~"
>
5
branch, fruit, grass, trunk, f/owers, bush, roots, /eaves in the picture.
Fill in the words
~,1 ~
.„„.~. ~••••••••••••••··••··· '.
. iy' (j/ ,u11, '-,"Y·~'_;~ 1o ····················
i.::\~-·~:.·:~··:~:.-:.·:··_:-.:: ______ ------··~---1_2_.:::~················ t:: ,Natural disasters I 0
7
Collocations
2
3 T~ke your umbrella; there's going to be ............... . rain later today.
144
Place the animals do/phin, crocodile, mosquito, snake, bee, panda, fly, leopard, whale, turtle, iguana, ant in the correct category.
Fill in the gaps with the natural disasters:
drought, tornado, tsunami, avalanche, flood, hurricane, famine, earthquake. A(n) .......... „ ......... „..... is a violent storm with strong winds that moves over water. 2 A(n) .... „ . „ .•... „ .. „ .. „ .... is a huge ocean wave often caused by underwater earthquakes . 3 A(n) ... „ ..••.... „ ..... „ .... „ is a strong spinning wind that moves over the land.
4 A(n) .... „ .. „ ..... „ . „ .... „ .. is a huge amount of snow that falls down the side of a mountain. 5 A(n) „ . „ „ „ .. „ ... „ „ „ ... „ . is a situation in which a large group of people don't have enough food . 6 A(n) .. „ „ ..... „ „ „ „ . „ „ „ „ is a large amount of wat er that covers an area that is usually dry. 7 A(n) .......... „ .. „ ... „ „..... is a sudden trem ble on the earth's surface. 8 A(n) .. „ „ „ „ „ ... „ .... „ .. „ . is a long period of dry weather that causes water shortages.
9
Match the environmental problems (A-H) to the pictures (1-8).
A
E endangered species F landfills full of rubbish G oil spills H water pollution
deforestation B forest fires c air pollution D melting ice caps
[email protected]@ Dobieranie I 1
2
3
What do you know about the world's oceans? What dangers do they face? How can we protect them? Read through to find out.
lt's aur responsibility to protect this species from extinction. A up to us B up for us C up against us
Do the reading task. Justify your answers.
r----------------------------~Przeczytaj tekst. Do każdej części tekstu (1-4) dopasuj 1
: nagłówek (A.-.f) i wpisz w każdą kratkę odpowiednią literę. Dwa nagłówki : I zostały podane dodatkowo I nie odnoszą się do żadnej części tekstu. I
·------------------------------
THE WORLD'S OCEANS Po/lution, climate change and over-fishing are threatening the world's oceans. Every single person on the planet needs to take action today to stop these threats. Here's what we all can do ...
QI] Scientists estimate
that up to 90% of large
fish (many of which, such as tuna and cod, end up
II[] All
SIAL REG\ONS RESPECI coA N ENERGY USE 13 CUI ooWN OOLO UQU\OS WIS C USE HOUSEH \SPOSABLE UFES o oROP yoUR ~ooo SENSIBLY
cHoos:A~!~ENESS OF \HE
E F R/\ISE P:,vv PROBLEM
writer on Earth is connected. Even if y
live far from the coast, water that goes down y
on our dinner plates) have disappeared since humans
drain eventually makes its way into the s
began heavy fishing in the 1950s. Many species of
Therefore, it's important to be careful about
fish have even become extinct due to overfishing.
cleaning products you use at home. You can cl
One way to combat this problem is to only buy fish
your home just as effectively with natura! produ
that has been harvested sustainably and support loca!
your
fishermen
instead
of
huge
fishing
corporations.
[I[]
Rubbish you throw away doesn't magically
(e.g. vinegar) as you can with toxic chemicals.
@J=i ·when
we bum fossil fuels to power
homes and cars, we add C0 2 to the air, wh contributes to global warming. Global warmin
humans. Knowing the next day's weather conditions helps us protect lives and property and allows us to do outdoor activities comfortably and safely. People such as farmers and fishermen can decide 1) „„ ... „. or not it is safe to travel or work, while our leisure activities can be cancelled or postponed depending on future weather conditions. For thousands of years, we 2) „.„„„. with ways to predict the weather. Before modern technology, people used to predict the weather simply by looking at the movements of the clouds or by observing the 3) „„.„.„ of animals such as frogs and dogs. Nowadays, of course, meteorologists can use advanced technology to gather data about the current state of the atmosphere. However, 4) .„„„„. all these advances in technology, now and then, forecasters still give us wrong predictions. Generally, the Earth's atmosphere is very chaotic with conditions often changing very quickly and with little warning. Even today, il is still to know tomorrow's
disappear. lt goes somewhere and, sadly, it often
increasing the temperature and acidity of
ends up in the ocean. Rubbish can be a major hazard
oceans, which has a terrible impact on ma
A either
ecosystems. Walk instead of driving; dry your clo
A have come up A personality A although A by
are known to confuse plastic for food with terrible
on a clothesline instead of in a dryer; tum off lig
consequences. Reduce the amount of rubbish you
whenever you leave a room: there are countl
produce by not buying products with unnecessary
ways you can reduce your carbon footprint today
whether carne up behaviour despite B in B B B B
c c c c
have been coming up character even though for
2
lf we don't do something naw, we will lose this animal forever. A miss to do B stop to do c fail to do
4
Choose the option A, B or C that is a translation of the Polish text in brackets and which correctly completes the gap.
„ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ change 2 natura I „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ 3 „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ chemicals 4 „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ fuels
146
5 „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ warming 6 „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ . footprint 7 marine . „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ .. „ 8 . „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ fishing
4
Match the vvords in bold to their meanings. • mix up • vanish • gathered • guess • increases • fight • effect
5
What did you learn from the text? In three minutes write a few sentences. Read them to the class.
We shouldn't give „ „ „ „ „ ; there is stili time to save aur planet. l'm fed „ „ „ „ „ with people who throw their litter on the street. C up A out B in The firefighters „ „ „ „ „ out the forest fi re before it reached the edge of the town. Lisa „ „ „ „ „ a lot of time and energy int o organising the clean-up day. A worked B took C put
„ „ „ .. „
was
that an
2 Do you (ma?z czas) „ „ „ „ „ to jo in me at the clean-up day tomorrow? A make the time B have the time C know the time
5
M1®!f
Complete the dialogues by choosing A, B or C. X: Can you make it to the
fundraising concert on Saturday? Y: ················································· A 1'11 try to be there. B I never miss it. C 1'11 make it up to you.
Choose the option A, B or C that completes the gap in both sentences.
Fill in: products, fossil, climate, toxic, carbon, heavy, globa/, ecosystems.
am
She (nie miała pojęcia) the European bison endangered species. A had forgotten B had no idea C didn't care
packaging and recycle as many items as you can.
3
MU
Choose the option A, B or C that best replaces the word(s) in bold.
2
X: Have you seen the weather forecast for tomorrow? Y: ················································· A OK, 1'11 tell you later. B I have no idea.
C Yes, it gives rain all day.
147
'9·Ifl@fl\j Climate I
'landscape I
1
4
List the words breeze, snowfa/I, shower, heat wave,
sunshine, downpour, drizzle, gale, blizzard, draught, snowdrift, hot spe// in the correct category.
11 Match the actions/solutions (a-g) to the
List the words farm, trafftc lights, field, station,
Match the headlines (1-10) to the phenomena
the underground, stadium, cottage, lane, playgrouridjir wood, street light in the correct category. Add
(a-j). avalanche
more words to each category. ~I····
Urban Landscape
Rural Landscape
tmltic lights
Form
2 3 4 5
@
2 3 4 5 6 7 8
148
Choose the correct word to form idioms. Explain their meaning. Could you tell me what this French sentence means7 I don't have the foggiest/mistiest idea. Come rain or shine/wind, you can always depend on Tim to be on time. 1. have to stay at the office late this evening; l'm snowed/rained under with work. l'm afraid I have to cast a fog/cloud over the celebration and give you same bad news. Every week, he saves half of his wages for a rainy/ sunny day. lt's a difficult time for the business, but if we work together, we can weather the blizzard/storm. Brian won't beat me in pool again; thunder/ lightning never strikes in the same place twice. l've studied a lot for this test so l'm sure it'll be a breeze/gale.
CI.[]
Food aid urgently needed
tocals evacualed as iaua destrovs ulllage
Choose the odd one out.
Skicrs lucky to sunil'C as snow cm·crs resort
Domestic animals: snail - cat - dog - hamster Mammals: cow - sheep - rabbit - penguin Birds: canary - hare - parrot - stork Fish: piranha - tuna - deer - salmon Animals' young: kitten - goat - puppy - lamb
Disease threatens millions
6
Match the words to make names of animals. Which one can you see in the picture? honey polar blue Komodo bald guinea
@
a b c d e
whale dragon eagle pig bear bee
Prepositions
7 2 3 4 5 6
Storm and high winds leave thousands homeless Families trapped in homes as snows continues Enormous waves hit California coast Main transport network blocked by fallen bridges l;alling rocl;.s and mud caused by hc1ny rain
Dolphins feed their young „ . „ .. „ . milk. They weigh . „ . „ „ „ . 40 to 500 kilos. They mostly live .......... warm shallow seas. They live .......... about fifty years. They live ......... small groups. Dolphins are very friendly „ . „ „ „ . humans. List the words: birch, twig, daisy, pine, trunk, branch, tulip, mapie, lily, daffodil, /eaf in the correct category.
Types of Trees
Types of Flowers
use taps sparingly use public transport recycle rubbish clean up the coastline
0
f'c>IEStS.·
\ h? con plu11l uee:>
° Col/ocations
• endangered • national • greenhouse • oil • conservation • forest thick • factory • environmental • acid endongerecl species
T
naliona! parks
5
„ „ „ „ „ „ . „ ... „„„„„.„„.„ .„„„.„„.„„. „ „ ... „ . „ „ „ „
„„„ „ „ „ „„. „ „. „ .. „
.... „
... „
...
rain awareness waste smog spills effect programmes fires
a b c d e
fuels sprays footprint disease waste warming g layer
carbon global infectious industrial ozone fossil aerosol
Fill in the correct words in the list to make collocations. Which describe: (T) threats to the environment? (S) solutions7
@
Fill in with: in (x2), to, on, for, from.
b c d e
12 Match the words to make collocations.
. .. „
8
disappearing forests animals being hunted polluted beaches energy waste air pollution global water shortage landfills full of rubbish
tsunami earthquake
1 2 3 4 5
ldioms
3
OJJD
5 Fill in the gaps with the verbs drizzle, shine, pour, blow, freeze in their correct form. lt has started to ......................... „ . . You'd better take an umbrella. lt was a lovely pienie; the sun . „ ... „ .. „ . „ „ . „ . „ .. „ . down all afternoon. The wind .. „ . „ . „ „ „ „ „ „ „ . „ „ so strongly that it took the roof off the old house. lt „. „ . „ . „ „ „ . „ „ . „ „ „. down with rain w hen I left the office. lt gat so cold that the lake in the park „ „ . „. „ „ „ . „ . „ „ . „ „ . over last night.
ITD DIJ
landslide drought
famine blizzard volcanic eruption
Crops fail as dry weather continues
IPlants & animals I 2
ITD
[i[] ~
epidemie typhoon
environmenta! problems (1-7). Then make exchanges with your partner.
13 Match the actions to the suggestions. Then make exchanges with your partner. Suggestions
Actions
IT0
CI.O ~
@TI ~
~
use less electricity save water save fuel produce less household waste help protect endangered species red uce deforestation
a don't buy food with iots of packaging b buy recycled paper products c donate to conservation program mes d take showers instead of baths e install solar panels use public transport
A: I-low can I use less e!ectricity?
B: You cou!d insta/I so!ar panels on your house.
(~ J See Vocabulary Bank on p. 21 O)
;~
?
'};49
JiłM'fo.l(j Prawda/fałsz I 1
@.f.ł)[§.f ~ Rozmowa wstępna I
Read the rubric and the statements.
1G1
3
Do the listening task.
mm
r----------------------~
Usłyszysz dwukrotnie wywiad z naukow: cem na temat tygrysów. Na podstawie informacji I zawartych w nagraniu zdecyduj, które zdania (1-5) : są zgodne z tpeścią tekstu (TRUE), a które nie (FALSE). 1 Zaznacz znakiem X odpowiednią rubrykfw tabeli.
I
I
: B
: a
L----------------------~ True False
2 3 4 5
Tigers remain in only 76 countries in the world. A century ago, there were over 100,000 tigers in the wild. Most experts believe it is probably too late to save the tiger. Loss of habitat is the biggest threat to the tiger's survival. Dr Samuels will soon be attending an important meeting in Asia.
2
filled, held, raised, made, cheered, attended.
r-----------------~~~ I
'W1iilJjjjJjJ/ Odpowiedz na pytania.
I
L-------------------·
1 What is your least favourite season? Why? 2 Do you prefer spending Time on the coast or in the rnountains? Why? 3 Should animals be kept in zoos? Why?/Why not? 4 What do you think the world's climate will be 50 years from now? Why? 5 What, in your opinion, is the worst natural disaster? Why? 6 What is your favourite plant? Why? 7 lf anirnals could speak, what do you think they would say to humans? 8 What things do you do every day that help to reduce pollution?
- Opis ilustracji i odpowiedzi na pytania
4
iit!@ 1 @1 1 i~j Dobieranie I 2
a) Read the rubric and underline the key words in the statements A-E. Think of words/phrases that could be heard on the recording, synonymous to the underlined key words. (e.g.
------------------~--~
Wziąłeś/Wzięłaś udział w imprezie, z toreJ ochód przeznaczony był na ratowanie zagrożonego gatunku zwierząt. Napisz list (80-130 słów~ do kolegi/koleżanki z Wielkiej Brytanii, 1 wktorym: 1 1 • poinformujesz, w jakiej imprezie wziąłeś/wzięłaś I udział oraz gdzie i kiedy miała ona miejsce, • wyjaśnisz, na czym polegała Twoja pomoc podczas Imprezy. przedstawisz swoją ocenę powodzenia imprezy, • zasugerujesz adresatowi/-ce, aby udzielił( a) wsparcia organizacji zajmującej się ochroną środowiska.
How many words should your letter have? Which of the following should your letter include: a a description of the endangered animal? b how often the event takes place? c your view on whether the event went well? d the time of day the event took place? e the reason why the animal is endangered? what you did to help organise the event? g the location of the event? h a description of someone you met at the event?
safety procedure: correct way to act).
UD
Usłyszysz dwukrotnie wypowiedzi : czterech osób na temat trzęsień ziemi. Przyporządkuj 1 mówiącym zdania, które najlepiej podsumowują ich ~ wypowiedzi, wpisując odpowiednie litery (A-E) : w kratki (1-4). Jedno zdanie podane zostało I dodatkowo i nie pasuje do żadnej wypowiedzi.
I
: 1 I
: 1
·-----------------------~ A The speaker gives a warning about an B C D E
approaching earthquake. You can hear this announcement in an office. The speaker explains why he/she doesn't worry about earthquakes. We learn about the correct safety ~---.....----. Speaker 1 procedure during earthquakes. Speaker 2 The speaker describes the first Speaker 3 time he/she experienced an Speaker 4 earthquake. {\
150
b) 12.221 Do the task. Compare your answers with your partner.
Describing an event 1 Over 400 people ........ „ „ .... „ ...... „ ........ „ . the fundraising event on its first day. 2 The celebrity ................................... a speech about the irnportance of helping the environment. 3 The event was .... .. ... ..... .. .. ... .... ..... ... ... . to help save a local park. 4 The charity con cert .................................... . place in a large football stadium. 5 The hall was ... „ ............ „ ...... „ .... with people during the charity event. 6 They ........ „ ................... , „ „ ... over f2,000 for the local environmental group. 7 The crowd ............ „ ....................... when the musician carne onto the stage. 8 The festival is ........ „ ......................... „ on the 1st of September every year.
3
Read the rubric. Follow the plan to write your letter. Use phrases from the Useful Language box.
r----------------------~
W/ W Twojej szkole zorganizowano
niedawno koncert w celu zebrania funduszy na klubu zajmującego się ochroną środowiska. Napisz list (80-130 słów) do kolegi/koleżanki z Anglii, w którym: poinformujesz, jaki koncert odbył się w Twojej szkole i kiedy miał on miejsce, • wspomnisz o mocnych I słabych stronach zespołu, który tego dnia wystąpił, • wyjaśnisz. dlaczego uważasz, że koncert był bardzo udany, • zasugerujesz adresatowi/-ce, aby dołączył( a) do lokalnej organizacji obrońców przyrody. działalność
r.-----------------------~ I
Complete the sentences. Use: took, organised,
.1
Why do you think these people have come tot place? 2 Do you like going to the zoo? Why/Why not? 3 How did you learn about nature when you wer younger?
pe you're well. I'm writing to tell you about a draising event I attended to help save the topean bison, an endangered animal in Poland. event took place in a large park in Warsaw last rday afternoon. a member of a loca} environmental club, so my onsibility during the event was to hand out ets to people with information about angered animals in Poland. In the end, the event sed over€ 1,000. Same people were disappointed didn't raise more money, but, in my opinion, it s worth it because people learned about angered animals. e there endangered animals in your country? You ow, there are lots of charities that you can donate : I think it's everyone's responsibility to help.
I
: 1 I I
: 1
----------------------~
~o:;i Hi„„.„ ... , (Para 1) describe event (wbere/when took place) (Para 2) pros and cons ąf band's pe1formance (Para 3) wby event success (Para 4) suggestjoining enviromnental club
All tbe best, (vour first name)
151
Jittf§fflffi@ Wybór wielokrotny I i§f.ij@I~ Odgrywanie roli I 1G1
1
2
a) Read the rubric and the sentences below. Do the task.
r--------------"I dwukrotnie Usłyszysz
1
I I
1
I zgodną z treścią
tekstu.
~ ~i::ę_A:..B~l!:!,o_c;..
:mm
r-----~-----------------~-
Studiujesz w Anglii i chcesz dołączyć do grupy przyrody o nazwie Protect the Earth. Dzwonisz do miejscowego przedstawicielstwa organizacji. W rozmowie uwzględnij poniższe kwestie: w jaki sposób można następna impreza dołączyć do grupy. organizowana przez grupę.
1
trzy nagrania. Z podanych . d. '. o dpowie z1 wyb'1erz w łasc1wą. Zakreśl
______
I I
obrońców
1
I
~
Recording 1 James says Australia's weather is not very extreme in the ... A north of the country. B central part of the country. C south of the country.
Recording 2 The speaker encourages employees to ... A tidy up after they use the canteen. B take their recyclable waste home with them. C throw empty bottles and used paper in special bins.
: I
b) Compare your answers with your partner.
0 n
~---------------------d
The clean-up day will finish when A it starts raining. B all the litter in the park has been collected. C it gets too dark to continue.
potrzebny sprzęt. 1 What should I expect?
2 How many volunteers do you have? 3 You need good boots and waterproof clothing. 4 l'm looking for an office job. Do I need to fili in any forms? I enjoy fishing and swimming. You'll get lots of fresh air and exercise. We supply gloves and tools. Can you tell me about your next event? l'd like to.find out about volunteering opportunities. I want to help the environment and l'm phoning about volunteer work. 12 lt can be hard work and you need to be physically fit. 13 l'd like to apply for a job with you. 5
.ll's Bo from the environmental club. l'm writing to let you all know about a clean-up day at Richardson Park this Saturday, 14 June. come along to help pick up litter and clean the ponds. Meet , 'iłl:'n11t•>irlA the park at 10 am. We will be there as long as the light lets us, something to eat and drink as well as waterproof clothes - it like it'll be showery - but we're not going to let that stop us! I to see you there for an enjoyable day!
6 7 8 9 10 11
Up ahead, Erin noticed a teenage boy rip open the multi-
Recording 3 The announcement is for people who ... A took part in a marathon. B gave money to runners in a marathon. C organised a marathon.
Przeczytaj trzy teksty dotyczące Z podanych odpowiedzi wybierz właściwą. zgodną z treścią tekstu. Zakreśl literę A. B albo C.
' 1 śmieci.
coloured wrapping of an ice cream and casually fling it on the Enough is enough, Erin thought. lt had been severa! weeks
3 IQB Listen to two people doing the task. Which can,+ar rac.1" 1
questions from Ex. 2 do they use?
she'd walked through Logan Park and she had never seen it
Read the rubric. Use phrases from the previous exercises to out your dialogue.
„-------------------------• ~ Jesteś w Szkocji w pobliżu miejsca, w którym doszło do wycieku ropy do morza. Z problemem tym walczy organizacja ekologiczna o nazwie Helping Hands. v",vv<..•1110,.,. lidera/liderki organizacji, by zaoferować swoją pomoc. W rozmowie uwzględnij poniższe kwestie:
co 11aleiy z sobą przypleść.
warunki członkostwa,
3 The author of the text ... A wams readers to not break the law. B gives readers advice about recycling. C informs readers about a new university rule.
filthy. There was stili the ugly graffiti on every bench but now grass was covered with empty drink cans and sweet
4
2 What did Erin notice about the park compared to the last time she walked through it? A lt had more litter. B lt had mare graffiti. C lt had mare people.
1/ill~'.'t'Nrappi1nqs. As a member of the university environmental club she
3
it was her duty to say something. She quickened her pace and caught up to the boy. "Excuse me," Erin said loudly. "I think you've dropped something."
Match the words in bold to their meanings. • • • •
crime • packaging financial punishments • throw your speed„of walking • attend dirty • fun • rainy • residents
Attention AU Students Recently, it has come to our notice that students have been littering in the shared lounges and kitchens throughout university accommodation. Occupants are reminded that · littering in public areas on or off campus is a serious offence. Those caught littering will face serious consequences including fines and eviction from university accommodation. Please tidy up public areas after you have used them.
4
lmagine you saw someone throwing litter on the street. In three minutes write how you felt, what you did and what the person's response was. Read your sentences to the class.
153
atura Exam fORCES Of NATURE:
Prawda/fałsz
FLUUUS Throughout history, and with the exception of epidemics, floods have proven to be the deadliest type of natura! disaster - much more so than earthquakes or volcanoes. Floods produce high death tolls for two reasons. First, population densities are often very high next to rivers. Second, illness and famine often follow a flood and kill just as many (if not more) people than the floodwaters themselves. China has a particularly terrible history of flooding. In the last 2,000 years, China's longest river, the Yangtze, has flooded more than 1,000 times. But it is China's second longest river, the Hwang Ho or 'Yellow River: that has been responsible for China's most catastrophic floods. The Yellow River is traditionally known as 'China's Sorrow' because over the centuries it has been the cause of some of the highest death tolls in history. In 1887, nearly two million people lost their lives when the Yellow River flooded. In 1931, floods killed four million people. In 1938, one million people lost their lives. Even in 2012, 50,000 people had to leave their homes due to flooding. During the last 3,000-4,000 years, the Yellow River
{\
12.251 Usłyszysz dwukrotnie wywiad z ekspertem w dziedzinie trzesięń
has flooded more than 1,500 times. The reason it floods so easily is because the land around the river is extremely fiat. Each year, 1.5 billion tons of soil into the river from the surrounding land. ::;omEn1111es ,i there is so much soil in the water, the Yellow looks like chocolate milk! Most of the soil ends up the sea. But about 400 million tons fali to the bottom the river every year. This causes the water level rise. Over the centuries, the Yellow River has risen 15-40 feet above the surrounding land! To stop the rising river from flooding the land, centuries the Chinese have been building walls 'levees') next to the river. The levees have to be annually, because every year, the river's water rises by four inches. Unfortunately, though, the are sornetimes not strong enough to prevent disaster. Currently, the Chinese are building huge dams control the Yellow River. The dams will stop the w::i·rpn,;11""" level rising by removing soil from the river. With luck, the dams will stop 'China's Sorrow' causing ua~'1"''Y ,1;,;;1;;: "li ever agairi.
ziemi udzielającym rad mieszkańcom zagrożonych terenów. Na podstawie informacji zawartych w wywiadzie zdecyduj, które zdania (1-5) są zgodne z treścią tekstu (TRUE), a które nie (FALSE). Zaznacz znakiem X odpowiednią rubrykę w tabeli.
Doorways are not the safest places during an earthquake. Houses in earthquake zones should have a table in every room.
1
You are advised to place heavy furniture near windows. People in earthquake-prone areas should always carry a survival kit with them.
-
The only natura! disaster mare destructive than floods is ... C volcanoes. A large-scale disease. D earthquakes. B famines. 2 China's Yangtze River „. A floods every two years on average. B is mare deadly than the Yellow River. C first began flooding 2,000 years ago. D isn't as long as the Yellow River. 3 Flooding from the Yellow River was most destructive in ... c 1938. A 1887. D 2012. B 1931.
154
4 Each year, the Chinese ... A build new levees. B increase the height of the levees. C repair the levees. D reduce the height of the levees. 5 How does the writer feel about China's floo problem? A The govemment should do mare to help. B lt is inevitable that there will be mare seri flooding. C The country has mare serious problems to with. D Recent developments may prevent flooding tragedies.
Wypowiedź na podstawie materiału stymulującego
Przyjrzyj się zdjęciom 1. 2 I 3. Jesteś członkiem szkolnego komitetu zajmującego się ochroną środowiska. Potrzebujesz plakatu, który zachęcałby do uczestnictwa w organizowanym przez komitet dniu recyklingu.
0
Przeczytaj tekst. Z podanych odpowiedzi wybierz właściwą. zgodną z treścią tekstu. Zakreśl literę A. B, C alb
Odpowiedz na dwa z poniższych pytań.
Should people be given fines if they don't recycle? Why?Nl/hy not? 2 Who do you think cares mare about recycling - your parents' generation or yours? Why? 3 Are people in your country concerned about environmental issues? In which ways? 4 How can we help reduce pollution levels?
'Drop, cover and hold' means you should protect yourself beneath a piece of furniture.
0
G@#i.i@ Wybór wielokrotny I
4
Wybierz zdjęcie, które według Ciebie byłoby najbardziej odpowiednie na plakat, I uzasadnij swój wybór. Wyjaśnij, dlaczego odrzucasz pozostałe propozycje.
E-mail prywatny (Writing Bank: /istle-mai/ prywatny) Właśnie
zakończyła się
Impreza dobroczynna, której byłeś/-aś współorganizatorem/ -ką. Dochód z Imprezy będzie przeznaczony na pomoc dla ofiar niedawnej katastrofy naturalnej. Napisz e-mail do kolegi/koleżanki z Anglii, w którym: poinformujesz, jaki był powód organizacji imprezy i jak przebiegały przygotowania, • wyjaśnisz, gdzie i kiedy odbyła się impreza, wspomnisz o zaletach i wadach programu Imprezy. zasugerujesz adresatowl/-ce, zorganizowanie podobnej Imprezy, aby pomóc ofiarom katastrofy.
ULE State & politics
1
Match the definitions (a-f) to the people (1-6).
ambassador president queen
IInternational organ·isations I
ILawl 3
6
Label the people with the words from the list. • judge • prosecutor • defence lawyer • court reporter • policeman " witness • junior defence lawyer •
I~ ~
Match the correct descriptions to the criminals.
9
Match the organisations to their purpose.
0
burglar
p.ri.me minister C1t1zen @.[] mayor
I
d kidna~per e arsornst f robber
I
b:-····---
someone who sets flre to a property on purpose someone who takes a person by force and demands a ransom in order to set them free someone who uses force to take control of an aeroplane someone who takes things which do not belong to them someone who breaks into people's houses to steal things someone who steals things from shops someone who kill~ somebody on purpose someone who steals something from a bank, post office etc, often using threats or force
a the head of state in some countries b a person who legally lives in a country c someone who is the head of a city or town d a person who represents their own government while living in another country e the head of a country with a parliamentary government a woman who rules a country for life
ITD
g hijacker h shoplifter
(~~!~Nff'Aai' ,c ((. .~
~
WWF"
unicef 0~~,~
{~'
\'ml ~~,if
helps protect the rights of children and young people ~ helps protect human life and health, especially in war zones [!I] protects endangered species and the planet's natural environment [![] unites hundreds of countries in an effort for world peace ~ works on issues such as global warming
United Nations
IDomestic & international conflicts I 1OMatch the terms (1-5) with the definitions (a-e).
2
2 „.„„„.„„„.„„„„. 3 .... „ „ „ . „ ... „........
Use the words below to complete the sentences.
5 „ . „ ............ „ „ .. „ . 6 ... „ . „ „ .... „ .. „ ... „ .
8 9
Fill in with the words below. " run • drove • broke • put • get • hunt
góvermnent • parliament nation • embassy • capital democracy • monarchy politkal party
The ambassador represents his country and works at the 2 Paris is the ..... „ .............. of France. 3 Citizens of a country expect the ..... : .... „ „ .. „ .... „ ...... „ . to help when there is a crisis. not sure which 4 Lucas was ..... „ „ ........... „ ...... „ „ ... he wanted to vote for in the next election. 5 The entire .......... „ . „ .... „ .... „ .. carne together to show support for the newly-elected President. 6 .................. „ ..•......•.•. is where laws are made in our country. 7 A country that is ruled by a king or queen is a(n) „ .„. „ „ .... „ „ .. „ „ „ ..... . 8 In a(n) .......... „ .... „ .. „ „ .. „ .... people are free to vote for any party they wish.
156
The po lice are determined to . „
4
accused, evidence, convicted, sentenced, tried, arrested, guilty, put, suspected. Fill in with:
The police had 1) .. „.:„.„.„„ .. „.. Paul Williams for months, so they finally gathered some real ~) „ . „ .. „ „ .. „ ....... against him, 3) ... „ . „ . „ . „ ..... „ . him and 4) „ „ „ ..... „ „ .. „ „ . him of trafficking A few weeks later he was 5) „ .. „ ...... „ „ „ .... for the cri me. The was convinced that he was 6) . „ ... „ ... „ .. „ „ . „ of drug-trafficking, he was 7) . „ .. „ . „ ........ „ „ of the cri me and 8) .. „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ .. to years in prison. The police were satisfied as they had managed 9) „ . . . . . . . . . . „ .. „ ..•. a dangerous criminal in prison. 0
Verb phrases
5 2 3 4 5 6
.. „ .. „ „ .... „ ...
down
the murderer. He . „ „ „ .. „ .. „ ... into the house and stole jewellery. Charlie tried to .... „ .. „ . „ ..... „ .. away with stealing clothes from the stare. Someone hit my parked car and just ...... „ . „ ... off. We should not have to . „ ... „ .... „ „ „ „ „ up with youth crime in this area. When they heard the alarm, the robbers tried to .... „ . „ . „ ... „ .. „ . away.
a b c d e
dropped, found, throw, have, evade, was.
• commits • go • took • reached • do • pay Michael had to „ .. „ „ .. „ ...... „ .. a fine for speeding. 2 lf someone ... „ ..... „ .. „ „ „ .. a cri me and they are caught, they could go to jail. The bank robbers are due to . „ .•......•.•.•• on trial next week. 4 The jury „ ........ „
o
I
Phrasal verbs phrasal verbs: broke down, eassed away, carried on, cut back on, cut off.
2 3
a verdict and found the
4
accused guilty. 5 He had to ...... „ . „ .... time in prison for shoplifting. 6 Luke ..... „ .. „ . . . . . . . . . the bla me for a cri me he didn't
5
com mit.
civil war
peace talks
~protest
a war between groups of people in the same country violent acts to frighten people for political reasons a demonstration to show disapproval of something a dialogue between two countries to end conflict someone who is forced to leave their country because of war
Fill in the gaps with the words below.
The jury ... „ „ ... „ ... Joseph Brown guilty of murder. Helen .. „ ... „ . „ „ „ . „ witness to a robbery that occurred in her neighbourhood. The police don't . „ . „ . „ . „ .. „ „ . any proof that the kids broke the carwindow. The poi ice „ .. „ .. „ ... „ .. „ the charges aga inst the man as theY couldn't find enough evidence. You risk going to prison if you continue to ..... „ „ .......... payin9 your taxes. lt's aga inst the law to .. „ .. „ ...... litter on the street.
Fill in with:
[!I]
[![]
11 Replace the words in bold with the correct
Verb phrases
8
terrorism
~ refugee
Useful phrases • • • •
ITD
.. „ ... „ .
The government's plan to reduce spending in the health sector was very unpopular. The country got back to norma! after the dictator died. Negotiations between the two countries failed after only two days of talks. The terrorists are trying to stop supplies to the town. The minister continued speaking despite interruptions from protestors. (~)See Vocabulary Bank on p. 212)
157
-
Wiadomość
2
na blogu
(Writing Bank: wiadomość na blogu)
Do you know what is expected of a witness in a British crown court? Read the article to find out.
2
Read the rubric, then the model. Put the events in the order they happened. Write the correct number (1-7) next to each event.
Do the reading task.
:r---------------------Wd Przeczytaj ulotkę na temat składania zeznań przed sądem.
DON'T COMMIT A CRIME YOURSELF
Do każdej.części tekstu (1-4) dopasuj nagłówek (A-F) : I wpisz w każdą kratkę odpowiednią literę. Dwa nagłówki zostały 1 podane dodatkowo i nie odnoszą się do żadnej części tekstu. i
CHECK YOUR TESTIMONY FINO OUT WHAT TO EXPECT ASK OTHER WITNESSES FOR ADV/CE
„ ____ _
~~~~~:~~g~~F~~U~T QUEST/ON STATEMENT
OUR
Being a witness for the first time in a case at a crown court can be a daunting experience. This leaflet will help you prepare for your appearance in court.
Q:D
lf you feel uneasy about appearing before a court, you can visit the public gallery of any courtroom to obserye the proceedings. The vast majority of criminal trials in the UK are open to the public. Here, you will learn about the procedures involved in a trial, ·the role that witnesses play, and how witnesses are questioned by lavvyers representing both the prosecution and the defence.
CTI:J When you arrive at the court, you should report to the reception office, give the name of the defendant in the case, and sign in. You may have a long time to wait before you are called into the courtroom, so use this time to re-read your witness statement. A long time may have passed since the crime, and re-reading your statement will refresh your memory and prepare yeu to give evidence in court.
3 2 3 4 5
158
~ iil]J2f Kt:ś;rób:;ał:k;ccić Tw:j~o~:I.- ~
: Napisz o tym wiadomość na swoim blogu (80-130 n słów). W tej wiadomości: U • opisz, gdzie wtedy byłeś/-aś I co robiłeś/-aś, : opisz wygląd kieszonkowca i napisz, jak czułeś/ u -aś się po tym zdarzeniu, B• napisz, dlaczego kradzieże kieszonkowe są : problemem w Twoim mieście, n • doradź czytelnikom bloga, jak unikać kradzieży D kieszonkowych.
: o O
: u B
: u B
L--------------~-----d
[!O First, the lavvyer for the side that called you a witness will ask you questions. Here, you will usu just have· to repeat the evidence from your witn statement. Then, you will be cross-examined by lawyer from the opposing side. This lawyer may t make it look like your testimony doesn't make se Don't take this personally and try to stay ca Sometimes the judge may also ask you questions at stage.
Fill in: tria/, prosecution, defence, swear, fined, testimony. Everybody wanted to hear the film star's ...... „ „ ....... „ ..... in the murder case. John was „ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . „ .. f 1OO for driving 50 mph in a 40 mph zone. He said he wasn't the murderer, so a ....... „ .•..... „ ..... was held. I ................. „ ..... to you; l'm in nocent! In a court case the ............... „ ....... tri es to show someone is guilty, whereas the ....... „. „ ............ tries to show someone is innocent.
4
What did you learn from the text? You can use sorne of these words to tell the class. • • • • • •
observe proceedings • report name of defendant re-read your statement witness box • swear under evidence • lawyer cross-examination
She ..... . .. (take) f 1OO out of her ...... „ .. „.... ....... (pay) for the purse and goods. 2 The police . . ................... „ ...... „.. (look) for the escaped prisoners for two days before they ........ „ ......... „ . . . . . . . . . . . . . (arrest) them. 3 The security guards .................... „ ........... (stand) by the door and ..................... „ .... (knock) before they ....... „ . . . . . . . . . . . „ . . . . . . . . . (enter) the building. 4 I ......... „.... .. ... .. ...... (open) my bag to take my purse out, but it ......... „. „ . „ .. (not/be) . ............ „ . . • . . . . . . . (search) my there. After I . bag thoroughly, I ............. (realise) someone ...... „ ........... „ ............. (steai) it.
3 ,Q, Listen to someone telling his friend about
m=J When you are called into the courtroom, you be led to the witness box and asked to swear un oath that you will tell the truth. Lying under oath perjury - is a very serious offence which, depending the trial, can cause a serious miscarriage of justi People found guilty of perjury can be fined or e jailed.
Put the verbs in brackets into the correct past tenses.
something he witnessed and make notes under the headings.
fBi everyone! I have quite a story to tell you all about today. iYesterday evening after work, I was standing in line at the \ęupermarket when, suddenly, I felt someone's hand in my !,~cket. lmmediately, I turned around and saw a tall fair''.~aired teenager with my wallet in his hands. Luckily, I anaged to grab it from him before he ran out of the ing. lt was really scary, but I was relieved I didn't lose ally, pickpocketing is a big problem here nowadays. e people say it's because there is a lot of ployment, but I blame the police for not doing ough to stop it. You all should be careful, too, especially public transport. And never keep your wallet in your ck pocket.
I was glad that I still had my wallet. I took my wallet out of the pickpocket's hand. I saw a teen holding my wallet. I left my job. The pickpocket ran out of the supermarket. I felt a hand inside my pocket. I stood in line at the supermarket.
• place • time • people • what happened • feelings
4
Read the rubric. Use ideas from Ex. 3 to write your blog entry. Follow the plan.
Podczas spaceru ulicą byłeś/-aś próby napadu rabunkowego. Zredaguj wiadomość na ten temat na swoim blogu (80-130 słów). W tej wiadomości: opisz złodzieja oraz ofiarę. • opisz, jak ofiara uciekła i jak czułeś/-aś się po tym zajściu, opisz działania policji, • doradź czytelnikom bloga, jak unikać napadów rabunkowych. świadkiem
Entry: (Para 1) Opening remarks, say wbat tbe blog
entl)' will be about (Para 2) Set scene, describe mugger and victim,
account ąf wbat bappened andfeelings (Para 3) Opinion qf bow police dealt witb matter (Para 4) Advise people bow to avoid getting
mugged, closing remarks
159
l*M±'@fijJ State & politics I 1
4
fingerprints, plead.
Fili in with : national, border, economy, election,
flag, power.
2
3 4 5 6
2
2 3 4 5 6 7
Th is government has been in ..................... for almost ten years. The whole crowd sang the ..................... anthem before the cup fina! started. The politician said that !ower taxes would be good for the country's ..................... . The national .................... of the UK is commonly called the Union Jack. Have you decided how you will vote in next week's general ..................... ? You don't need a passport to cross the ..................... between Scotland and England.
A: Can you tell the court what kind of ................... you have which proves the defendant is not guilty? B: After examining the car, we found out the ................................ left behind did match the suspect's. 2 A: The jury have reached their .. You have been found guilty. Do anything to say? B: l'd like to . 3 A: B: Don't worry! We'll ....... . He'll be behind bars soon enough.
Choose the correct word.
b) Match each sentence above to the person who said it: defendant, forensic scientist,
The opposition leader called for a national referendum/electorate on the proposed law. The government won the election easily due to the support of the minority/majority of the population. The scandal is being investigated bY. the appropriate governmentlauthorities. None of the Libera! Party ministers voted/elected in last night's ballat. Does the US Constitution/Establishment state that the president must be barn in the USA? Corrupt policies/politicians should be punished severely for their crimes. Conservative politicians usually have right-wing/ left-wing beliefs.
judge, lawyer, police officer, victim.
ltaw 1·
3
a) Fill in with: verdict, evidence, stole, catch,
Match the words (a-f) to the correct definitions (1~6).
a defendant b eyewitness
c fine testify
Id
ICri me & punishment I 5
• smuggling • terrorism " identity theft " mugging • vandalism
CD ®
6
2 3 4 5
• beat " make
11
break 11
11
do
11
hold
11
let
11
Five injured in bomb blast border
Gang caught
at
Fill in the gaps with the words: vandalised, picked, assassinate, hijacked, shoplifting. Secret Service agents quickly disarmed the men who tried to ........................ the country's The terrorists ................................ the piane ordered the pilot to fly to their home country. A security guard caught him ................................ from the supermarket. The museum was ................................ by a group of young boys who covered the walls in graffiti. Someone . ... ... .... ... ... .... .. ... ... ... .. my pocket took my phone when I was on the bus.
IInternational organisations I 9
Match the organisations (a-f) to the sentences (1-6).
lock a b c d e
pull • put • tum
.......... away in The kidnappers will be prison for a long time. A gang of masked gL:nmen ... up the bank this afternoon. The prisoner came up with a plan to out of prison and get his freedom back. The gang ... off with al most f 100,000 worth of jewellery in the robbery. Many citizens are too scared to ................ . criminals in to the police. The police ........................... the driver over for speeding and gave him a fine. The businessman paid an assassin to ... away with his business partner. The police officer promised to find the criminals and ................... them up in a cell. The prosecutor offered to .. .... .... . .......... the gangster off if he agreed to testify against the gang leader. He was charged with assault after he his neighbour up in a fight.
Scł10ol 1Jaints over offensive gn·ał'ł'iti
@) Woman's bag snatched in broad daylig ®~-Man's life savings stolern by hack
prison sentence
an amount of money you pay as a penalty a person who sees a crime a building where people are kept as a form of punishment for a crime to answer questions about something in court the period of time a prisoner should stay in jail a person who is accused of a crime
Match the headlines with the crimes.
Complete the sentences using the verbs in the correct form.
ITD
Our aim is to put pressure on governments to introduce green issues into mainstream politics. IT] We provide medical aid to people who are threatened by armed conflict and natura! disasters. [ID We hope to promote culture and understanding through aur sporting events. @I] We are a military alliance of democratic countries from around the world. l}IJ Located in The Hague, we are the judicial organisation of the United Nations. ~ Our aim is to ensure the best physical wellbeing for everyone in the world.
IDomestic & international conflicts I ®
Choose the correct preposition.
Doctors Without Borders (MCF) Friends of the Earth (FOE) International Court of Justice (ICJ) International Olympic Committee (IOC) North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) World Health Organisation (WHO)
Useful phrases
1OFill in with: appeal, boycott, leaflets, petition, rally, revolt, strike.
She was charged of/with fraud. They accused Jeff for/of stealing Ann's purse. They will be punished of/for this terrible attack. The judge sentenced the criminal for/to ten years in prison. He was found guilty with/of murder. The thief was arrested of/by the police. The burglars robbed her with/of all her jewellery. A new witness will appear by/in court to testify today. A man was brought before/with the judge and charged with/of assault. She was placed of/under arrest for using a stolen credit card. Since the witness lied to the court, he will be convicted of/for perjury. His whole family stood by him and defended him against/from the charges.
2 3 4 5 6 7
We're taking part in a(n) ............................. in which we want to persuade people not to buy products from certain companies. The transportation workers went on ............. . when their salaries were cut.. Student groups have organised a(n) ................ . to protest against the government's policies. The military have arrested rebe! leaders in the hope of ending the ................... aga inst the government. Thousands of people have signed the ................. . against the closure of one hundred post offices. Demonstrators handed out .............................. . to draw peoples' attention to their cause. The President made a(n) ............................... for calm after days of unrest in the country's capital.
(~)See Vocabulary Bank on p. 212)
161
liJłMMęJ Prawda/fałsz I 1 1G1 Read the rubric and do the tasl<.
l=f·@tfh#I Rozmowa wstępna I
r--------------------~
reprezentanta biura podróży udzielającego turystom informacji na temat przepisów obowiązujących w kraju pobytu. Na podstawie informacji zawartych w nagraniu zdecyduj.J
2 3
4
5
B
I
: 8 I
:
3
1
4
True False
5
:t:
•
2
Why not? 7 Are there many homeless people in your Why do you think this happens?
książka,
• opiszesz głównego bohatera książki i fabułę. , podasz dwa powody. dla których lubisz tę książkę. • polecisz przyjacielowi tę książkę.
1
: 1 I
: 1
B
~--------------------d A The speaker talks about the consequences of being caught shoplifting. B The speaker describes a time he/she got accused of shoplifting. C You can hear this Speaker 1 announcement in a shop. Speaker 2 D The speaker explains how Speaker 3 he/she tries to prevent Speaker 4 shoplifting. E We learn about a method people used to shoplift. b) Have you ever witnessed somebody shoplifting? What happened? Discuss with your partner.
written, set, te/Is, the story, create, based on, well-written.
The descriptions of the city at night are particularly .............. . 2 The writer knows how to ..... „ .... „ •.•.• „ .... a scary atmosphere. 3 .... „ .. „. „........... begins in Russia, then moves to England and then South Africa. of how an ord inary man became a 4 The book ..... „. „... bank robber. 5 it was ............ „ .. . by a farmer police officer so it's very realistic. 6 lt's ........... „ ........... a real-life hijacking incident. 7 The book is ......... „ ........•• „. in a prison for dangerous criminals.
3
Read the sentences. Which are positive recommendations?
lt's lt's 3 lt's 4 lt's 2
4
- Opis ilustracji i odpowiedzi na pytania
4
Fill in with:
1
an irnportant responsibility for a citizen? Why?/
·--------------------· \tM!l:m Usłyszysz I dwukrotnie wypowiedzi : czterech osób na temat kradzieży w sklepie. 1 Do każdej wypowiedzi dopasuj I odpowiadające jej zdanie. Wpisz odpowiednie 1 litery (A-E) w kratki (1-4). Jedno zdanie : zostało podane dodatkowo i nie pasuje do 1 żadnej wypowiedzi.
Read the rubric, then read the Do you think the death penalty woulcl p1E~vern.;1 fli'' model. How does the writer crime 111 your country? Why?/Why not? recommend the novel? Do you consicler clownloacling music or crime' Why?/Why not? , Can you na me any charity organisations that yolrZ ·~ Poznałeś/-aś nowego wo uId be willing to give money to? ~; ,~\przyjaciela z Wielkiej Brytanii, który lubi Do you think locally run charities are more effecti\1~~1 '.~!;I aytać i który zapytał Cię o Twoją 11 than international ones7 Why?/Why not? lii1I ulubioną książkę. W liście do niego What is the general feeling towards the police~~;q : (80-130 słów): force in your country7 Why? podasz tytuł książki, nazwisko autora Do you believe that voting in a general election is· · i gatunek literacki, który reprezentuje ,,: : ,
6
iił!f!.@i,J@ Dobieranie I 2 a) 1G1 Read the rubric and do the task.
162
2
L--------------------d
The tourists are told to leave their passports with hotel security. The only public places where people are stili allowed to smoke are ca fes. The tourists are told to get a receipt if they buy something from a street vendor. The tourists are warned not to take pictmes in areas where soldiers are present. The trip to the theatre may not go ahead.
(Writing Bank: list!e-mail prywatny)
3 ~ Answer the questions.
I
Usłyszysz dwukrotnie
- List prywatny
r--------------------~ I \[email protected] Opisz zdjęcie i odpowiedz na pytania
L--------------------
Why do you think the man in the picture is so happy to be voting? 2 Do you intend to vote in elections in the future? Why/Why not? 3 Who was the first leader of your country that you remem ber and what do you remember abo ut him/her?
2 for your letter. I like reading too. favourite book is Murder on the Orient ress by Agatha Christie. lt's a classic der mystery. main character is Hercule Poirot. He's short well-dressed Belgian detective o's very clever and humorous. The book set on a train travelling from Turkey to rance. One night, a passenger is stabbed death. Poirot is on the train and he must to find out who the murderer is. really like this book because it has lots of s and dramatic events. Also, it is very 1-written. Christie's writing is eptional because of her talent and rary skills. should read it - you won't be able to it down until you know who the killer Talk to you later, lip pa
3 4 5
a bore to read. a fascinating read. worth reading. a laugh-a-minute read.
5 lt's terrible. 6 7
8
it's an appalling book. lt leftme cold. lt's a gripping read.
Replace the adjectives in bold with: tragic, hilarious, poor, moving, excellent, unexpected, disgusting, brutal, memorab/e, serious. In one emotional chapter, the main character phones his ex-wife with terrible results. The book tells the unforgettable story of a child who is separated from her farnily in a violent civil war. The descriptions of his family and their awful habits are funny. The writer does a(n) great job of showing how forensic science can be used to salve big crimes. There are plenty of surprising twists, but the writing is weak.
5
Think of your favourite book and make notes under the headings: TITLE - AUTHOR - TYPE OF BOOK - . MAIN CHARACTER - SUMM/\!\''/ OF PWT - REASONS FOR LIKING - RECOMMENDATION.
6
Use your notes to write a letter to your English pen-friend about your favourite book. Follow the plan. Use language from Exs. 2, 3 & 4.
Dear ..... „ .. „„.„ Opening remarks, na me of book, autbor and genre Describe main cbaracte1; brief acco1111t ofplot Reasons wby you /ike tbe book Recommend tbe book, closing remarks
(Para 1) (Para 2) (Para 3) (Para 4)
Yours, (your first name)
163
l1M§fflffi@ Wybór wielokrotny I 1
- Opis ilustracji i odpowiedzi na pytania
1Gt
:~
C";s;s:
;w:;o;i; :
a trzy teksty. Z podanych odpowiedzi
1
: wybierz właściwą, zgodną z treścią : 1 nagrania Zakreśl literę Ą B albo C. u
1.--------------.a
Recording 1 Why doesn't the man donate money to the charity? A The volunteer won't accept a cash donation. B The man doesn't agree with the charity's objectives. C The man doesn't have any money. Recording 2 The government wants to reduce the bus drivers' current wages by ... A 5%. B 10%. c 15%.
Do you think these police officers enjoy their job? 2 What qualities should sorneone have in order to be a good police officer? 3 Would you like to work as a police officer? Why?/Why not?
l§f.@Mbp Odgrywanie roli 3
r-----------------------~
M:m
jesteś świadkiem
1 Podczas zakupów w sklepie I 1 kradzieży. Chcesz powiadomić o tym pracownika sklepu. I W rozmowie z nim/nią uwzględnij poniższe kwestie:
I
Recording 3
I
Who is the speaker? A an election candidate B an athlete - C a charity worker
I
b) Would you give your bank account details to a charity worker like the speaker in Recording 1? Why/Why not? Discuss with your partner.
I
the police, and the next morning we advertised in all the newspapers. Our enquily led to no result; and from that day to this no word has ever been heard of my unfortunate father." "The date?" asked Holmes, opening his note-book. "He disappeared on the 3rd of December, 1878 - nearly ten years ago." "His luggage?" "Remained at the hotel. There was nothing in it to suggest a clue - some clothes, same books, and other small items." "I-lad he any friends in town?" "Only one that we know of - Major Sholto, of his own regiment, the 34th Bombay lnfantry. The major had retired some little time before, and lived at Upper Norwood. We spoke to him, of course, but he did not even know that his brother officer was in England. " "A curious case, " remarked Holmes.
Read the rubric, then use the plan to do the task.
I
co zostało ukradzione,
jakle kroki zostaną podjęte.
B
n
n B n n D o
Gtri*@ Wybór wielokrotny I 1
O O
gdzie jest teraz złodziej,
Wygląd i:fodzieją.
Greet customer. Ask where the thief is.
7
., .
D
n
2
Do the reading task. Justify your answers.
Explain that the thief left.
fi-
Ask what the customer saw. /
Describe what the thief did.
des~ription of~the ~
Thank customer.
a theft.
Describe the thief. Ask what the shop will do now. . Offer to help again if necessary.
----------------~
Przeczytaj fragment powieści kryminalnej The Sign of Four. Z podanych : odpowiedzi wybierz właściwą. zgodną e z treścią tekstu. Zakreśl literę A. B. C albo D.
: Say you
3 The last place where' Captain Morstan was seen was in a „ . C newspaper office. A hotel. D police station. B shop.
Who created Sherlock Holmes? What types of novels did he write? What did Holmes do? Read the rubric and the extract to check.
r
A,
Ask for a thief. Say how the shop will investigate what happened (e.g. with CCTV cameras).
164
"I have come to you, Mr Holmes," Miss Morstan said, "because you once helped my employer, Mrs Cecil Forrester, to solve a little family problem. She was much impressed by your kindness and skill." "Mrs Cecil Forrester," he repeated thoughtfully. "I believe that I was some slight help to her. The case, however, as I remember it, was a very simple one." "She did not think so. But at least you cannot say the same of mine." "Briefiy," she continued, "tl1e fads are these. My father was an officer in an Indian regiment. In the year 1878, my father, who was senior captain of his regiment, took twelve months' leave and carne home. He sent me a message from London that he had arrived safe, and directed me to come down at once to the Langham Hotel. On reaching London, I drove to the Langham, and was told that Captain Morstan was staying there, but that he had gone out the night before and had not yet returned. I waited all day without news of him. But that night, on the advice of the manager of the hotel, I called
a) Read the rubric and the sentences below. Do the task.
B
8
a
L--------------------d Sherlock Holmes previously worked for . A a family member of Miss Morstan's. B the person who Miss Morstan works for. C a friend of Miss Morstan's. D one of Miss Morstan's employees. Miss Morstan's father ... A retired from his job in the army. B left the army without permission. C temporarily left his job in the army. D was fired from his job in the army.
4 Major Sholto claimed that he ... A had never known Captain Morstan. B was related to Captain Morstan. C was unaware Captain Morstan had left lndia. D had met Captain Morstan in Norwood. 5 In A B C D
the extract the author ... introduces the main cha~cters of the novel. concludes the plot of the novel. brings the plot of the novel to a climax. describes the main character of the novel in detail.
1!65
1
2
Look at the pictures. What do they tell you about Scotland? What is Scotland famous for? Read through to find out. Read the text and for questions 1-5 choose the best answer A, B, C or D. Scotland was first inhabited A 10,000 years before the lee Age. B just bef~re the lee Age. C during the lee Age. D in around 8000 BC.
2 The first people to appear in Scotland A lived in large groups. B hunted and collected food. C built stone dwellings. D farmed the land. 3 Scotland was not invaded by the A Romans. C Vikings. B English. D Normans. 4 How many languages are officially recognised in Scotland? A 1 C 3 B 2 D4 5 The symbol of Scotland is the A Loch Ness Monster. C thistle. B Highland cow. D
3
What/Who do the underlined words in the text refer to?
5
Fili in: bred, huts, occur, rugged, ruins, remind.
2 3 4 5 6
There are a lot of of castles in Scotland. The Scottish Highlands is very terrain. In ancient tirnes, most people lived in small His rnanners rne of his father. The farrners sheep for clothes and rneat. The roads are quite bad and accidents frequently.
6 cotland's rugged landscapes and its castle ruins remind us of its rough and Today, Scotland is part of the United tragic history of endless wars and invasions. Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern believed thai the land thai is now Scotland lreland, but il has its own parliament ancl clraws uninhabited until after the lee Age, which up a lot of its own laws. English is the officia! language of more !han 10,000 years ago. By about 8000 but Scots and Gaelic are also recognised small groups of hunter-gatherers appeared th languages. The Scottish accent is quite different to the and they were followed by Neolithic people English accent, the main difference being thai Scots often lived in small stone huts, farmed the land and bred pronounce a very strong 'r' in words like 'far' and 'hard'. cattle and sheep. Early Scottish history was· Scottish people also use words !hat are specific to their old marked by a series of incursions and invasions by culture and inslitulions. For example, 'aye' is 'yes: 'wee' is various peoples. The Romans didn't have much 'small: 'How no?' means 'Why not?' and 'lt's your shot' means success and ended up building Hadrian's Wall to , 'll's your !urn'. People in Scotland are very proud of their protect themselves from the local clans. lt was ih national identity and keep up a number of purely Scottish the 6th century AD thai a people called the Scots traditions. from the west coast of Scotland and the north of · · Scotland is known for its breathtaking landscapes and is lreland look over the land thai was to be called ; particularly famous for J.lli moors and lochs. li has over 960 after them. square kilometres of lochs, the most famous of which is Loch The turbulent history of Scotland continued inio 5 Ness where a legendary and mysterious monster is said to the Middle Ages. Vikings, Normans and then the ::•; lurk. Native creatures thai inhabit Scotland are Highland English all invaded the country. Finally, on 1st May '1,1,,cattle, Shetland ponies, wild cats, seals and golden eagles. lt 1707, after centuries of almost continuous fighting; •11jalso has a variety of plant life including the purple thistle, Scotland was united with England and the United ' ł:,Which is, in fac!, a sign of protection and the emblem of the Kingdom carne inio existence. With this, the Scots.. 'i<'nation. Scotland has an extremely rich culture and attracts shared Queen Anne as their monarch and a new ; 1~~.millions of people every year to its various art, music and flag was created. They kept their own church and ' comedy festivals. The country has also produced some of their legal and education system. Soon after, the world's best engineers and inventors including James Scots emigrated to British colonies. At the Watt, John Logie Baird and Alexander Graham Bell. Scotland time, new trade in the American is an example of a small nation thai makes a big difference in generated by the union with England and Industrial Revolution helped to make of the most important and wealthiest cities Britain.
S
William Wallace was a Scottish knight and the person who led the Scots during the Wars of Scottish Independence.
Match the words in bold in the text to their meanings. • " • •
famous •sad " raised brought together • entirely lakes " ruler • groups moved abroad
Find four phrasal verbs in the text. Match them to the meanings.
clid something they didn't originally intend to 2 gained control of sornething 3 continue to do something 4 creates, writes (a clocument)
7
Match the English word to the Scottish equivalent. Use your dictionaries or the Internet if necessary.
OIJ
[3:D
[I[]
[!O [}:O @::[]
8
aye bairn elan shot loch wee
a lake
b turn
c small d yes e
f
tri be, f~mily
t:tind
Make notes under the headings:
/ocation, language, history, flora/fauna, famous people about Scotland. Present Scotland to the class.
9 I
In three minutes think of two reasons why you would visit Scotland. Write a few sentences. Tell the class.
li"-
Proverbs
-----------------"liI
: A man is a lion in his own cnuse. n A tale never loses in the te/ling.
:
L--------------------------d
Quotations _ _ _ __
1'111 \Fi!liam Wnflnce, a11d the rest cfin11 ll'ill be sfx1red. Go back to E11g/t111d a11d tell the111 ... Scotlt111d is.free!
William Wallace
Speaking Bank
1'
ii 1I I
I
. I I
Asking for and giving personal information
i-----~-k~ng
• • I 0
f°-'. per~_<:>_i:i_~~information
I '•
I
•
I.
111
outskirts/near the city centre/in a small town etc Actually, l'm a Year .„ school student. I I finished school . years ago and now I . When I have some time off, I usually .. _I In my spare time I really like to _.. ~--
-
A: How do you feel about Lady GaGa's new CD?
_____ _
___________G~~!~ers~_nal _!!:l!ormat~----i „. brothers/sisters. I No, l'm an only child. l• Yes,live l'veagothouse/fiat in the suburbs/on the I
----·-- --- ---·--·-·----·-----------
• " 0
r-·-··--------A'~ki~-9~b;~tii~-~;-------
•
stand To be honest, it's
• •
lt's not my cup of tea. I find „. really boring/ awful etc.
-~~-1:_'.~_a_ll_Y~_Y-~~~~ 1_~on't like .. at all. Expressing likes 0
I think it's amazing/ • I really like/love „. (-ing) fantastic/really cool! • l'm crazy about it. ----·•<-------------· -----··-·------------·-··-·-·-----Being neutral
Criticising •
You should have told me you'd be (late/have to leave earlier/about the cost) etc
lt's OK, I suppose. I don't mind.
• 0
l'm not too sure. Weil, I don't know, really.
• •
° 0
Why didn't you tell me „.? I wish you would/wouldn't Couldn't you have „.? I can't stand it when you .
„.
Apologising Making excuses ---------·-----!----------------0 • l'rn so/really/ I completely forgot that __ _ terribly sorry. • I simply didn't realise that • Oh, no! I feel • I just didn't have the time awful/ terrible. to. ___ A.:._c~pting an apol_o_g_y_ _
•
• •
fantastic/boring
I Criticising and apologising I
W.hat do y-;u thinkl-
I just hate/can't
I went
• •
Never mind. What's • done is done. • I suppose it wasn't 0 really your fault.
Don't worry about it. Never mind. lt doesn't matter. Oh, OK/alright. Let's forget about it.
2 A: Are you interested in travelling, at all? B: l'm crazy about visiting new places.
b l'm sorry, I feel terrible.
A: lt's bad news, l'm afraid. I failed my driving test, again.
3 A: How do you feel about pop music? B: I just hate it.
B: a Wow! That's brilliant! b Poor you ! That's too bad!
4 A: Something terrible has happened. George's lost his job. B: That's a pity.
B: a Actually, l'm a Year 1O school student. b When I have some time off, I like to go skateboarding.
5 A: Tell me about your best friend.
A: You should have told me you'd have to leave earlier.
6 A: I know I should have called you, but I didn't
B: a I completely forgot that I had to go. b Why didn't you tell me that you didn't want to come? I don't like waiting in queues at all. a Pooryou! b ldon'tmind.
B: My best friend is Sue. l've known her since we were little children.
have any phone credit. B: Don't worry about it. 7
8
Guess what! I won a bike race last weekend! a Wow! Really? b l'm really into cycling. Who's your best friend?
b
He's really great, but can be a bit annoying at times.
'Giving and reacting to news
I
I
Giving good news Asking about someone • • • • •
Who's your best friend? What's your brother/sister/best friend etc like? Tell me about your brother/sister/best friend etc. What sort of person is ... ? How well do you get on with „ Responding
• • • •
170
-----------l
My best friend is „ • We've grown up together./We've been friends forever! We've known each other for/since „ He/She is really great/cool/amazing etc. We get on very well together. He/She is really great, but can be a bit difficult/mean/ grumpy/stubborn etc at times. Not very well/at all.
• • •
Guess whai:! l've (passed • my driving test) etc. l've gat same great • 0 news. You won't believe this!
That's fantastic/great! Weil clone! Wow! Really? Wow! That's brilliant!
B: a The last time I went on holiday was this June. lt was amazing! b No, l've never been to Asia. l'm hoping I will someday. How long have you been playing the guitar? a l've always wanted to learn to play. b
l've been playing since I was 1O years old.
I.
Do you work or are you still at school?
Giving bad news
I finished school 2 years ago and now l'm at university. b I really like working for this company.
• · l'm afraid l've got same bad news. l've (been robbed.) etc. • Something terrible has Ł happened. I .„ . • lt's bad news, l'm afraid. • -- -------
terrible/sad! Oh dear! How did it happen? That's a shame/a pity/ tao bad. Poor you ! I can't believe it!
How well do you get on with Martin? a I don't mind. b Not very well.
A: I wish you had told me the tickets would be so expensive. B: I can't tell you how sorry I am.
9 A: What do you think of wearing a uniform to
That would be Tony. l've known him since I was 5.
---~-
A: l'm afraid l've got some bad news. Angelina's new bike got stolen. B: Oh no, how terrible!
school? B: I don't mind.
10 A: Have you heard the good news? I got the job at the music shop! B: Congratulations !
A: Have you ever been on holiday to Thailand?
ITalking.about others
Replace what Speaker B says with a phrase that expresses the same idea. A: Guess what! l've been elected class president! B: That's fantastic! Well done!
A: What do you do in your spa re time?
Are you interested in „„ at all? ------~~?___________l__'.'_l)~__y~~ enjoy/like „. (-ing)? Expressing dislikes 0
B: a lts OK, I suppose.
Yes, I have. I . No, l've never. l've been „. sin ce/for The last time I .„ was lt was great/fun/ disappointing etc.
'Asking about and expressing likes and dislikesl
•
2
A: Where do you live? B: a I don't like the city at all. b In a fiat in the suburbs.
Have you got any brothers or sisters7 Where do you live? Do you work or are you stili at school?
1~---\1\1~-~~-~-o yo~~'.~~-~~~~-~e tin~_e? 1 •
Choose the correct response.
11
A: You should have reminded me about today's meeting. B: I completely forgot that it was today.
12 A: Do you enjoy windsurfing? B: I think it's awesome !
13 A: I just didn't have the time to finish the project. B: Why didn't you tell me last week?
14 A: Tell me about your friend Stephen. B: l've known him for a long, long time.
15 A: What do you think of the new school rule? B: l'm not too sure about it.
·--------·
171
Making and responding to a request for information
Asking for and giving/refusing permission
===--R~~tin~ in~'?_0)ation__ ==~ • • • • • •
May I ask you something? Excuse me, can/could you tell me ... Could YOIJ please tell me where/how/what time etc ... ? l'd like some information on „„ please. I was wondering if you could tell me/give me some information about Do you happen to know 7
• • • •
I"
I. Is 1t OK/alright 1f I . 7 • Do you m1nd 1f I .. 7 1--------- ---- ---i __
•
I
=~~~sponciiil3to a r~u~~t fo~inform~~~~-----~ Certainly/Of course. Gladly. Hmm, let me think. l'm afraid I can't help you. l'm sorry, I don't know.
i---------As_ki_n_g io~-~-~~is~iC>_r:______ _ ! • May/Co~ld/C-an I ~-? Would 1t be alright 1f I .„?
l'm not sure, l'm afraid. You'd be better off asking someone else/at the information desk/the assistant etc.
•
• IL~
•
" • •
Can I help you? Why don't I help you „.? Do you need any help with „.?
A-c-ce_p_t-in_g_a_s-s1-.st_a_n_c_e_1--_R_e_fc--u-siilg assistance • • • •
l'd appreciate it, thanks. Yes, thank you. That's very kind of you. Yes, please. I could do with some help. Yes, please. Thanks for offering.
'Telephoning
• •
•
0
• •
No, l'm OK/alright, thanks. No, thanks. I can manage. I can do it myself, thanks. No, don't bolher.
I
~: afra1d 1'11 have to say
I
•
• 0
•
9
Could I have ... ? I l'd like „. please. Excuse me. Could you tell me (where .„ is), please? Could you do me a favour? I was wondering if you'd „. . Would you mind „.?
• 0
• 0
•
you are. Of course, it's .„ . Would you like anything (else) „.? Yes, of course. I Yes, OK. Sure. Go ahead I Certainly. No, not at all. I No problem.
Maklngincifrect requests- Refusii19-(with-reason,~i~ • • o
Could you tell „. (that) „.? 0 Can/Could you ask .„ if/ • whe'tl1er „.? (Person/na me) „. asked/ told me to „. I „. said to... •
l'm sorry, but „. l'm afraid I can't. l'm .„ Sorry, but l've promised to/not to „. l'd like to, but „.
Hello, this is . „ , Could I speak to „.? l'd like to speak to .. „ please. Hello, is „. there? Hi, . „ . Can you ask „. to come to the phone? Hello, can you put me through to ... , please?
• • • • • •
Just a moment. I Hold on. Yes, one moment, please. Speaking. l'm afraid he/she i5 not in. Can I take a message? He/She is out. Would you like to leave a message? Hold on, please. 1'11 connect you. I His/Her line is busy at the moment.
3 A: l'd like same orange juice, please.
I
·-----Have you made any pl ans for „.? What wo uId you like to do .„? What are you doing/going to do „.? 0 How will you be spending your weekend/summer/ birthday etc. f------------------- ···----------
• • •
Responding
-------~-·----·-
• 0
0
• 0
B: a I hope the weather will be nice. b l'm going to go to a theme park.
5 A: Hello, this is Jack Brown. Could I speak to Mr Samuels, please? B: a Hold on, please. 1'11 connect you. b Hmm, let me think.
6 A: Would you mind staying in tonight? B: a No, not at all.
7 A: Is it OK if 1leave class 20 minutes early today? B: a All right, but make sure you borrow b
-
l'm going to „. I 1'11 „. l'd like to „. I I hope „. I am about to/hoping to/planning to I guess/I think 1'11 „. Weil, l've always wanted to „„ so I might do that. I don't know I I haven't decided yet. I haven't planned anything, really.
2 A: Can I help you? B: No, thanks, I can manage.
3 A: Let me give you a hand with your suitcase. B: No, l'm OK, thanks. 4
someone else's notes to catch up. l'd appreciate it, thanks.
A: Do you happen to know what time the next train to Leeds is? B: a No, don't bother. b l'm afraid I can't help you.
A: May I ask you something? B: a l'm sorry, I don't know. b Of course.
A: Could you ask Will if I can come to his party on Friday? B: a l'd like to, but l'm busy on Friday. b Certainly. A: Can I open the window, please? B: a Gladly. b Yes, go ahead.
A: l'd like to speak to Sarah, please. B: Hold on.
5 A: Hi, Tom. Can you ask Joe to the phone? B: He's out. Would you like to leave a message?
6 A: Can I borrow your camera? B: Sorry, no. 7
A: Would it be alright if I used your credit card? B: l'd rather you didn't.
8 A: I was wondering if you could tell me when the next exhibition is?
b Sure, Go ahead.
A: Could you do me a favour? B: a Yes, OK. b Yes, of course. Here you are.
Askin-g
Answering a call
---!-------------
A: Excuse me. Could you tell me where the menswear department is, please? B: a Of course, it's on the third floor. b No, l'm afraid you can't.
Replace what Speaker B says with a phrase that expresses the same idea. A: Excuse me, can you tell me how to get to the town centre? B: Sure.
b Yes, thank you. That's very kind of you.
4 A: How will you be spending your birthday?
~-~:~:~:~:::~: wou=-r-:-;:~~~~:~;:: ~ere
0
172
0
--- ___[ __
'Talking about plans
Making a call •
•
•
No, l'm afra1d you can't. l'd rather/l'd prefer you d1dri't Sorry, no
9
--~----~------------------·---·--
Would you like me to help you „.? Let me give you a hand with ... .
Not at all.
0
'Polite requests and offers
Offering, accepting and refusing assistance
•
Of course I Sure Go ahead. Yes, go ahead. All nght, but make sure
2
A: Would you like me to help you carry that7 B: a I don't know yet.
B: a No, don't bother. b Would you like anything else?
•
-----offering a-ssistance---·--1
~n~ pe~~~~~n--1-~:_f~sin~ pe~issi~n '?
Choose the correct response.
B: l'm afraid I can't help you.
9 A: How will you be spending your holidays? B: I hope to travel around Europe. 10 A: I was wondering if you'd drive me to the airport tomorrow. B: l'm sorry, but I can't because l'm busy all day tomorrow. 11
A: What are you going to do for dinner tonight? B: l'm about to make some pizza.
12 A: Would you mind telling Paul to give in his project before Thursday? B: l'm sorry, but I won't see him this week.
13 A: Could you tell Alex that 1'11 be in late tomorrow? B: No problem. 14 A: Have you made any plans for this evening? B: I guess 1'11 stay in and watch TV.
15 A: What are you doing for the summer holidays? B: I haven't decided yet.
A: What would you like to do this weekend? B: a I haven't decided yet. b l'm afraid I can't. A: l'd like to speak to Cassie, please. B: a l'm afraid she's not in. b No, thanks.
·173
Making, accepting and rejecting invitations lnviting !,_.--D-o_y_o_u_f-an_cy_c_o_m_in_g_/going/v-is-it-in_g____?_ _ __
I I
f •
Are you free/doing anything tonight/this weekend? I thought we might go . l'm/we're going to „. on „ .. Would you like to come with me/us? I was wondering if you wanted to go to ... with me?
I-"
l'm~~~-~~_o~~~_ci_„_·._D_o_y_o_u_w_a_nt_t_o_jo_i~m~~-?___ _
0
'•
I
i
Acceptin_g_ _ _ _ _ _ _---"
I
0
I• !___
i
l'd love to. That sounds great/
=r~Yeah!
_fa~~~s~~-------
•
Count me in! That would be brilliant/
--~m/amćl.:'.~~~------
Rejecting ·:- Sorry, l've already gat pia~-----------• •
Thanks, but l'm afraid I can't, l'm busy. l'd love to, _but . . .· ' ... Actually ... 1s not really my th1ng!/l'm not tao keen on „ • Sorry, I can't. Maybe another time.
I
--···-·--·---------------------------i
• • • •
l'm not sure. Can 1let you know? Yes, if I. I don't !
'Asking for and giving directions
.. . . .. .. .. o
Asking Excuse me, could you tell me where . . is? Is this the way to (the) ... ? Excuse me, is there a(n) ... near here? How do I get to (the) ... ? How do you get there from the main station/my house etc? Is it close to the ... ? Is the ... far?
-. ---·----
. . o
'····---
I
-----~--·-·-
.
'Talking about feelings
- -------·-·-·--·--------·-
• " •
B: a
----------·------------
How are you?/ How are things? How is 1t going? You look happy! What's the good news? 0 You're in a good mood. What happened? • Wow, you look happy/pleased ! 0 I heard you weren't feeling tao well. Are you alright? • You don't look tao happy. Is something wrong? What's the matter? Is everything OK? • P..re you ail right? You look a bit angry/upset/sad etc. ·---i5escrlbing ·pcisH:Tve-·--r-oescribingnegathr
I
----~~!~rigs
t• •
• • • 0
l'm fine/good, thanks. l'm/I feel/1'111 feeling excited/happy/relaxed etc. 0 l'm feeling very well, thanks. • Much better than the last • time I saw you, thanks. • l'm in a great mood! I .„ Not tao bad ! That's terrible, l'm sorry. That's a shame/pity. Poor ypu! l'm sorry to hear that.
Yes. lt's over there.
b
l'd love to.
b
That's a sharne.
A: How are you? B: l'm fine, thanks.
A: How is it going? B: a
Could be better.
2
A: We could try removing the stain w1th soap. B: I suppose that might work.
3
A: l'm having a bit of a hard time at school at the moment.
A: In my opinion, everyone should recycle. B: a
I hope things get better.
b
I totally agree.
B: That's a pity.
A: What do you think I should do about my noisy That's ridiculous!
4 A: Wow! You look happy! B: I fee I excited !
You could try talking to them.
5 A: I think it would be a good idea to have an
neighbours?
feelings
B: a b
home/school at the moment. Not so great, l'm afraid. Could be better. I don't fee! very well today. I am a bit/really nervous/ fed up/tired/stressed etc.
Showing Sympathy " • • •
Replace what Speaker B says with a phrase that expresses the same idea.
A: We' re off to the beach. Do you want to join us?
s
expert fix your computer.
A: What's the matter? Is everything OK? B: a
B: You're right.
Not so great, l'm afraid.
b
l'm feeling very happy, thanks.
6
to a restaurant. B: a Sorry, I can't. Maybe another time. b 7
7
No, it's quite far.
office is? b
Yes. lt's in Smith Street.
8
lt's a ten-minute walk.
l
Making suggestions
I
B: a b
Suggesting • • • •
How about „.? We could always Why don't we .. ? We could try . „ .
• • •
Perhaps we should/could „ I suggest that „ . . I think it would be a good idea to „ . .
9 ..
------------'---------Agreeing
• • •
That's true./You're right. Good idea/plan. Weil, it's worth a try.
---·--
b
That's terrible, l'm sorry.
A: You're in a good mood. What happened? l'm a bit stressed. l'm in a great mood! l've won 3,000 in the
I don't really like .„ . How about ... instead? Actually, I would prefer not to. ·1·ve gat same/I have my doubts about that, because .„ . l'm not sure that's a good idea. I don't see how that could work. No, we need to think of something else.
A: What's the best way to find cheap flights to Rome? B: a lt might be a good idea to book online . b
Have you tried looking for tickets?
12 A: l'm sure we'll find front-row tickets for the concert. B: a I don't think that will help. b You may be right, but you should call the
A: Are you free tonight? I thought we might go to the theatre.
B: That would be brilliant!
10 A: I can't seem to improve my maths gracie. What would you do if you were me? B: Have you thought about getting extra lessons?
Actually, jazz is not really my thing!
lottery! Yes, I suppose we coula.
Disagreeing • • • • • "
No, I can't do that.
Would you like to come with us? B: a
B: a b •
9
That's not true.
A: We're going to the jazz festival on Sunday.
A: We could always build an extra set of shelves to have more storage space.
B: I don't see how that could work.
8 A: Personally, I find going to the gym a waste of time.
A: Do you fancy going to the football game this Sunday? B: l'd love to, but l've already arranged to do something on Sunday.
A: Excuse me, could you tell me where the post B: a
to me sometimes.
A: lt seems to me that pL1blic transport is not so reliable. B: I couldn't agree more.
6 A: Are you free tonight? I thought we might go
venue to make sure.
174
2
Choose the correct response.
·--·-··-·---Asking someone how they feel
Responding Yes. "lt's over there/lt's in ... Street. Go up/down this street/straight ahead/on until you get to the traffic lights/park/roundabout etc. Go straight ahead/on and tum left/right. Go past the supermarket/takeaway etc and take the first/second etc street on the left/right. You'll see it/lt is right in front of/next to/after/behind etc the „ .. No, it's quite near/it's a 1O-minute walk. Yes, it's a long way/far, maybe you should take the bus.
I
11
A: lt's not true that same jobs are more important than others.
B: I totally agree!
12 A: How about buying a second-hand car? B: l've got sorne doubts about that.
13 A: Is the Archaeological Museum far? B: Yes, it's far, maybe you should take the bus.
14 A: lf I were you, I would discuss the problem with yourteacher. B: l'm not sure that's the best solution.
15 A: Why don't we turn off the TV set and do something rnore interesting instead?
B: Good idea!
175
Making a complaint and requesting action
'Talking about the future
I
Choose the correct response.
------- --------------Complaining
;--1 j,--;rt~/c;;-n't st~~d-rt--:1-;--l-~~p;t~d-~-u-ch___ -
~::~y·b~thers
•
~~~;r~.,d.
0
lt's likely that .... I expect/am certa in .... I predict/expect/hope (that) ... lt's probable/possible ...
A: Can I have the receipt, please? B: a The till is over there. b
me " l've got a complaint. that .. l'm very d1sappo1nted " l'd hke to compla1n about .. about .. ----- - --· · --Requesting_a_·-c-ti_o_n_______ _
In ... years, people might/may/will . 0 • In (the) future, . 1---R-e...:.s_p_o_n_d-in_g_w_i-th~--1---R-esponding with
• I•
[
Could you please change it/give me a refund etc? Can you do something about it?
~-·-1~~~€!.~!~P~~~~~SitiVeły_____
1-;-·Me too: it's awful/horrible/disgusting. Oh dearl I don't know what to sayl Oh, l'm so sorry. We'IVl'll make sure it doesn't happen again. I really apologise. Would you like a refund/to exchange it? Of course I can .... I apologise again for the mistake.
~ •
• • •
_ _.______ R_e....:sp'-o_n_d_i_ng negatively l'm sorry, it's not our policy to give a refund/exchange items etc. l'm sorry but we don't .... l'm sorry. I can't do that. We are not allowed to .... l'm afraid there's nothing I can do about it.
o
"
Hi, do you need any help? Are you all right there? How about this one? Th.e changing rooms are ....
I Speculating I
. -.- - - - .
.. ..
1---·
....
o
The exrilanation - muld be that .... I can't say for sure, but it might ....
. .
Weil, it co uId (mean) .... What may have happened is .... You/They etc might/rnust have .... What might have happened is ....
.. .. .
That could well be true. I also think that .... Yes, that's a thought! That's true . That sounds right . I agree, and I must also add that ....
... .
That can't be right . I doubt that (very much). That can't be the reason. The explanation has to be .... Surely not! There must be another answer!
Agreeing
I - -
„
.
Could it be that .... Do you think/believe that ... ?
Speculating
Perhaps because
b
o
„
"
l/l
E o
e
o
„
Cl
i:: ·51 " i:: l1l ..i::
u
Q)
„
-:5 E
o
"
Disagreeing +:i Q)
-:5 ~
„
„
Is ft/Are they any good? What size would you like? Is that any better? Yes, hold on and 1'11 get it for you. I think it looks great/ maybe you need a different size. 15/20/30/ it's on sale for .... The till is over there/lf you could follow me the checkout is over here. Of course/l'm afraid not, we don't take credit cards. The receipt is in the bag. Thanks very much, we hope to see you again.
. o
o
o
. . " . o
o
o
B: a b
Customer .. .. No, thanks. l'm just looking/browsing. Yes, please. l'm looking for . Actually, I want something .... Could I try this on, please? Where are the changing rooms?
Me tao, it's horrible. Oh, dear! I don't know what to say!
4 A: I expect that in 30 years people will be driving only eco-friendly cars. B: a Surely not! There must be another answer! b I think SO.
5 A: Have you got a darker colour? B: a Yes, hold on and 1'11 get it for you. b
What size would you like?
6 A: I wonder why Alan looks so depressed today. I••
B: a
lt might be because he failed his physics exam.
.
b
That sounds right.
7 A: Are they any good? B: a
·-
Great thanks, 1'11 take this one . I think I need a smaller/bigger size. l'm not sure about the colour. Have you got a lighter/darker colour? i What do you think of ;• it? I Do you think it suits me? :,. Yes, it fits perfectly :; How much is it? ,;, Where's the till/ I<. .,, checkout?
b
B: a
b I think it looks great. B: a
2
A: What could be the explanation for cancelling the school concert? B: Weil, it could be because last year not many people went.
3 A: l'm sure it's going to be a fantastic concert. B: Definitely!
4 A: I wonder why Alex didn't come with us to the game. Maybe he doesn't really like football. B: That can't be right.
5 A: Th is jumper has a hole in it. Could you give me a refund, please? B: l'm sorry, but we don't give refunds on sale items.
6 A: Can you explain why Albert sold his computer? B: What might have happened is that he got a laptop.
7 A: lt's likely that there will be 3D films in all cinemas soon.
B: l'm sure there will.
8 A: Hi, do you need any help? B: Actually, I want something to wear to the theatre .
9 A: lt might be that fast food is so popular because people don't have time to cook. B: That sounds right.
10 A: Put the blue top on! Is it any good? B: What do you think of it?
That can't be the reason. The explanation has to be that she overslept.
b
She might have missed the bus again.
10 A: These headphones don't work. Can you do something about it, please?
-
'"
l'm not sure it will be easy to find work this
9 A: I wonder why Katrina is late?
.,
.........,''
I think I need a smaller size.
year.
..
Can I pay by credit I card? Can I have the receipt, 1 , .. please? Thanks for your help, " bye!
No, thanks. l'm just looking.
8 A: I hope that I will find a job this summer.
B: a b
11
l'm not sure that's right. Would you like to exchange them?
A: In 200 years people might live on the moon! B: a b
I think that's too unrealistic! The explanation could be that the world is very overcrowded.
12 A: This is the wrong size. Can you please change it? B: a
176
Perhaps because they lead extremely busy lives.
3 A: I hate it when people are rude to me.
-1
o
I expect that people will have mare free time in the future.
l'm not sure that. Perhaps/I wonder . I don't think so. I doubt that! Weil, I ho pe not! I think that's too .
"
lnviting speculation
I wonder if/ whether ....
B: a
uncerta~!~
--·--Shop Assistant
" "
.--------
A: Why do you think people don't go out as much any more?
UGoing clothes shopping I
.
A: lt really bothers me that some people don't recycle. B: Me too, it's awful!
The receipt is in the bag.
•
certainty ;·~·re right about that! m sure you/it/I etc will. o There's no doubt that .. . . 0 think so/believe so. • Definitely/certainly. • •
Replace what Speaker B says with a phrase that expresses the same idea.
Predicting 0
2
b
Of course I can exchange it. How much is it?
·177
IExchanging Opinions
'Asking for and giving advice ~
Giving an opinion o
. o
o
o
In my opinion . lt seems to me that . To be honest, I don't think. I definitely (don't) think I (can't) believe . „ l'm sure.
Asking for advice
o
. o
o
Exactly! I feel the same way. I couldn't agree more. I totally agree.
o o
That's a good point Sodo I! That makes sense .
o o o
Disagreeing
. .
l'm totally against . Definitely not. I see your point, but .. That's not true.
o
Being Neutral l'm not sure/I don't know. " You may be right, but . o Perhaps. Not really/Not exactly.
o
o
-1
o
o o
o
Have you considerecl/ thought abo ut ... ? o Have you tried ... ? o lf I were you, I woulcl . o You could/shoulcl .... ----Accepting
I see what you mean, but. I simply can't agree to this. That's ridiculous!
o o
o o
o
--
I can't seem to . would you do if yo were me? o What do you think should do about . Giving advice
I have a bit of a problem with. . Can you give me some advice? What's the best way to ... ?
o
-~---
o
o
Personally, I find ... I feel that . People should/shouldn't
o
Agreeing o
~-
lt's (not) true that . As far as l'm concerned,
o
o o
o
I think it's importa Perhaps the best tl would be to. lt might be a good to. Rejecting
That's a good/great idea. Thanks. I would never have thought of that
o
mysełf.
o
OK, 1'11 give it a try. That sounds like good advice! lt can't do any harm!
o
l've already tried tł and it didn't work. I don't think that w l'm not sure that's good/the best idea sołution/suggestio1
o
No, I can't/don't w do that.
Speaker A I feel that arguing with others is simply a waste of time. In my opinion, he was very rude.
~ We could call different hotels to check the rates before
[!O
Speaker B A Go past the library and take the second street on the left. B Poor you! You should go home.
booking a room.
C Sodo I!
Perhaps we should send the company a letter of com pia int.
D Have you tried it in a different E
How do I get to your house from the train station?
F Yes.
To be honest, l'm not sure I suit this dress. I don't feel very well today.
G I don't really like that idea. How we go ar.ci talk to them instead?
Excuse me, is there a bank near here?
H Good plan.
łt's
2
2
2 A: How do I getto the shopping centre? B: Go straight ..... „ „. „ .. „„ .... and then turn left. 3 A: Do you fancy coming to the beach with us? B: Yeah! Count ..... „ ......... „.„ ...................... „.! A: How about asking Mary to pick you up from the station? B: I ... „ .. „.„ ........ „ .. „ .. „ ... „ ......... .
not to .
5 A: I definitely think that healthy eating contributes to living longer. B: That makes .„ .... „„„„ ....... „ .. „. „ .. 6 A: You could ask one of your classmates to be your study partner. B: OK, 1'11 give it „„.„.„„ .. „.„„„ ... „ „ „„„ .. „. „„ .
in Nicholson Street.
8 A: How about asking Harry to drive us to the airport? B: Well, it's ............ „ .. „ ... „ .......................... try. 9 A: Have you tried uninstalling and then reinstalling the software on your PC? B: Thanks. I would never have ............ „ ........... . ... „. „ ... „ „ „ „ „ .. „. „. „ „. „ „ ... „ „ „ „. that myself. A: Are you free this weekend? I thought we might go sailing. B: l'm not sure. Can I .„. „„ ... „.„„.„.„ „„ know?
Choose the correct response. A: l've gat same great news! ł've got the star role in the school musical! B: a That's great! b Oh, dear! How did it happen?
A: We' re going to the new Thai restaurant. Would you like to come with us? B: Actually, l'm not tao „„ „„. „„„„ „. „„„. „„.„. .. „ „ ... „. „ „ ... „. „ „ ........ „ „ „ ..... „ „ Thai cuisine.
7 A: As far as l'm concerned, people who live in flats shouldn't have pets. B: I simply can't „„„.„ „ .. „ .. „„. „„ „.„„„„ ... this.
Match the exchanges.
IJJ=i m:=J
Complete the missing part of the exchanges.
o
A: Couldn't you have asked me before taking my MP4? B: a Oh, OK. Let's forget about it. b I know I should have, but you weren't here.
3 A: Have you ever wanted to try an extreme sport? B: a No, l've never been interested in that. b l've been playing basketball for years. 4 A: lf I were you, I would restart my computer. B: a l'm totally against using computers for homework. b l've already tried that and it didn't work. 5 A: I definitely don't think that 10-year-olds need a mobile phone. B: a I feel the same way. b Good idea. 6 A: Why don't we send the invitations by email? B: a That's right. b Yes, I suppose we could. 7 A: Is that any better? B: a Well, I hope not! b Yes, it fits perfectly. 8 A: l'd like to complain about my MP4. lt broke after one week. B: a I agree, and I must also acid that they are poorly designed. b I really apologise. Would you like a refund? 9 A: lt's probable that we will work late on Saturday. B: a Certainly. We're lucky to have a job. b I don't think so. We don't normally. 1O A: I won der if there is life on Mars. B: a I can't say for sure, but it might be the case. b That's true.
178
179
Writing Bank
List/E-mail
\M!filD
półoficjalny
Studiujesz dietetykę. Obiecałeś/-aś 1 matce swojego kolegi/swojej koleżanki z Anglii, 1
li' -
List półoficjalny piszemy do osoby. którą znamy, lecz nie wiążą nas z nią bliskie więzy. np. list z podziękowaniami do rodziców przyjaciela/ przyjaciółki lub list z zaproszeniem do dalekiego krewnego. List półoficjalny zazwyczaj zawiera oficjalny zwrot otwierający (Dear Mr and Mrs Jackson, Dear Unde John), wstęp wyjaśniający powód napisania listu, rozwinięcie, w którym każdy temat omówiony jest w odfió1bnym akapicie, zakończenie i nieformalny zwrot kończący (np. Best wishes,/
że
a /ovely time.);
idiomów i wyrażeń potocznych, choć należy stosować je ostrożnie (The advice you gave me has come in very handy.).
Podziękowania
• I can't thank you enough. •I don't know how to thank you. • I really appreciate it. • Please accept my grateful thanks. • Thank you for your kindness/hospitality etc. Zapraszanie • We'd love you to come and stay (for a few
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
doradzisz jej. jak ma
-
-
się
-
-
-- -
zdrowiej
-
-
-
-
... "
odżywiać
i schudnąć. Napisz do niej list (80-130 słów), w którym: 11 zasugerujesz, jak może zmienić dietę, 11
wyjaśnisz, dlaczego ćwiczenia fi1zyczne są ważne,
wspomnisz o diecie, której powinna unikać, ,: _u~z!,;~:,j:i, ~s_ea;:c!:.__________ = = _ 11
Kindest regards,/Yours).
W liście półoficjalnym używamy: przyjaznego. swobodnego języka (Thanks so much for your /etter. lt's been a long time since I heard from you.); pełnego szacunku tonu, w zależności od tego, kim jest dla nas adresat (ł'm rea//y grat eful for all yo ur help.); • ściągniętych form czasownika (ł'm writing, /t's been a long time since I heard fromyou.); • zaimków. których nie należy opuszczać (I wish you could join us. We're having
-
oficjalny zwrot
otwierając~,
182
ir .Wiadomości na blogu to wpisy dokonywane przez ~1,.mirkownika prowadzącego swój blog w Internecie. u•r «if;z;izwyczaj charakteryzuje je nieoficjalny i swobodny \~'styl. Na ogól ich adresatem nie jest żadna konkretna osoba ani grupa docelowa, choć niekiedy wiadomości · ~;kierowane są do regularnych czytelników bloga. tyką bloga może być życie codzienne autora lub kreme zagadnienia, np. gotowanie, filmy itp. starają się, aby blog był bardzo atrakcyjny czytelników. Blog przeważnie tytuł, a odbiorcy są zachęcani do zamieszczania wpisami krótkich komentarzy na temat
przyjazny, swobodny język
in any way I can to improve your diet. Here are a few points you might find useful. First of all, I would suggest you try eating smaller portions of food to reduce your calorie intake. Fatty and sugary foods should be avoided as should anything fried. ton pełen ..__ lt's a Iso a goo d 1·d ea to exerc1se · regu Iary I to tone szacunku your muscles. lt's not necessary to join a gym. Try jogging up and down the stairs at home or doing some gardening. ściągnięta Finally, don't attempt to go on a crash diet! forma Crash diets don't work because you very quickly czasowni.k-........_ a gain back all or most of the weight you lost. lf you follow my advice, l'm sure you'll look and feel better in no time. Write back and let me know how things go. \ nieo~cjaln: Kindest regards zakonczenie ...__ ' Brygida Nowak
f ~ -~;w:d:i;z~iog-n: ;:~; ~a:k7j;z;k~: ~~y:h~ • 1 o
I 1
1 D
u
: 0
: 0
Niedawno rozpocząłeś/rozpoczęłaś naukę nowego języka. Napisz wiadomość (80-130 słów) przeznaczoną'do umieszczenia na blogu. w której: • wyjaśnisz, dlaczego zdecydowałeś/-aś się podjąć naukę tego języka, • poinformujesz. w jaki sposób się go uczysz. " wyrazisz swoją opinię na temat stopnia trudności nauki tego języka, • poprosisz swoich czytelników o radę. jak uczyć się tego
~-j~~~-------------------~---tytuł wiadomości
zaimek~ you are well.\l'd be delighted to help you
for all your thoughts on my last post.
· l~"Worovvadzer1ie tematu never guess what happened to me
początek Laura's Language Blog wpisu Learnin a New Lan ua e! \Hi bloggers! I hope everyone is having a great day! First, thanks for all your comments on my entry last week. So much has happened since my last entry. The main news is that 1 started learning a new language; Japanese! I chose this language because l'm fascinated by Japanese culture, especially
So much has happened since my last entry.
this entry, l'd like to discuss .. Recently, l've been thinking about . .l;lP1ods1um•ow1anie tematu Has this ever happened to anyone else? l'd be interested to hear what you all have say. my opinion anyway.
how to learn the alphabet. As always, please leave a comment below
potoczne
1
I
Przeczytaj ponownie przykładowy list i dopasuj poniższe oraz zdania charakterystyczne dla stylu nieoficjalnego do półoficjalnych wyrażeń i zdań w liście.
wyrażenia
2 3 4 5 6 7
you shouldn't forget you don't have to bother how are things? you're getting on you'd be mad lots of love if I were you, l'd
\
I
p,;,.; _··' o komentarz
IPractice IPractice
wprowadzenie tematu
martial arts. Last Saturday, I went to my first class in a foreign language school in my town. I plan to study using books, too. So far, l'm finding it quite difficult, mainly because Japanese uses ~ 1 different alphabet to Polish. But hopefully 1'11 get the ~f 1t l soon. potoqzny język Does anyone out there also learn Japanese? l'm especially \ interested in hearing from anyone that could give me tips on i
wyrażenie
days.)
• Would you like to pay us a visit here in (Poland) sometime? • You'd be mare than welcome to come and spend (the summer) here. • lt would be lovely to see you. Udzielanie rad • I would suggest (that you) .. . • You don't have to/needn't .. . • lt would be a good idea to .. . • Have you (ever) tried/considered/thought of ... ? • The best thing you can do is ...
."~l ifWiadomość na blogu
1
I
Znajdż przykłady języka nieformalnego w powyższej wiadomości.
2
Przeformułuj tytuł wiadomości. Zastanów się. jaki tytuł przyciągnąłby czytelników.
3
Wyobraź sobie, że jesteś regularnym czytelnikiem bloga Language Blog prowadzonego przez Laurę. Napisz krótki komentarz do powyższej wiadomości.
183
, List/E-mail prywatny List prywatny piszemy do osoby. którą dobrze znamy. Zawiera on najnowsze wiadomości dotyczące życia nadawcy, prośby o informację itp. Zazwyczaj list rozpoczyna się od nieformalnego powitania: słowa Dear i imienia adresata (np. Dear Linda, Dear Grandma). Na wstępie pozdrawiamy adresata (np. Hi! How are you?) i podajemy powód napisania listu. W następnych akapitach następuje rozwinięcie listu, przy czym każdy akapit poświęcony jest innemu tematowi. W zakończeniu listu zamieszczamy zdanie typowe dla zakończenia (np. Have to go naw.), nieformalny zwrot kończący i swój podpis (Yaurs,
fiiiif ;~e;r:;a~z~e:/-~ ~ę-d: ~;e;o-~a;t;z:-„„~--• ·•·<·• cą. aby studiować prawo. W liście do przyjaciela/ przyjaciółki : z Anglii (80-130 słów) napisz: : dlaczego zdecydowałeś/-aś się na studia za granicą. 1 • co sądzisz o zajęciach na uczelni, : kim jest Twój nowy przyjaciel, n • czym miasto, w którym teraz mieszkasz, różni się od 1 n miasta, z którego pochodzisz.
1
I
L-------------------~------~--·
idiom
Rebecca). W
Hi Peter,
liście
prywatnym używamy stylu nieoficjalnego: słownictwa stosowanego w życiu codziennym
początek
listu
(l'm lwving a great time.);
Hope you're OK. Sony, I haven't been in touch recently. I have so much to tell you !
-
ściągnięte
potocznych wyrażeń/idiomów
l'm in Rome studying law at university. I decided
formy ~study here because I wanted to live abroad for czasowników a while. Plus, my mum is ltalian, so l'm fluent in
(Drop me a line.); krótkich spójników (so, and, etc.); ściągniętych form czasowników
tl~e.
spoim
and patient, too. l've made some new friends here. Petra is from
Zwrot rozpoczynający • Dear Mum/Dad, Dear Aunt Claire, • Dear Granddad, Dear Tom/Lucy, etc. listu • Hope you're OK. • How are you doing? • Hi from Moscow/Rome/Cracow, etc. • Thanks for your email. • Sorry I didn't write earlier but I ... • Sorry for not writing forso long. •Hi! How are you? • lt was good to hear from you. • i haven't heard from you for a while.
Powód napisania listu • I wanted to drop you a line to tell you my news/about ... • I just wanted to ask/ remind/thank etc. you .. . • Just a quick _email to· tell you ... • i wondered if you'd like to .. . • Th is is just to let you know ... • l'm sorry to hear about ... • i was a bit worried and wanted to see if you're OK. Prośba.o
• • • • • •
utrzymanie kontaktu Drop me a line sometime. I hope to hear from you soon. Give me a call later. Let me know if you can make it or not. I was glad to hear about ... Let me know as soon as possible.
Zakończenie listu
• • • •
184
Email me soon./Write back. l'd better get going./Bye for now. I must go now./Got to go now. Love to all the family.
Zwrot kończący Yours,/Best wishes,/Love,/Take care, etc. + your first name
So far, the classes here have been The lecturers are really friendly
kr?:k.i~·1___.---;~;y·~~·;e~~;t-ing.
(I can't, /'li be ...).
_Początek
/
Spain and she's also studying law. We play in the university's football club together. słownictwo
Rome is so different to my hometown Brzeg. lt's
używane
far buśier; the streets are always packed with
;0 ~~~!~ny~!
The people are not as friendly as in Brzeg,
though.
zakończenie
Have to go naw. l'm going to the cinema with
listu
Petra. J'can't wait!
wyrażenia~ potoczne
'Practice
-;;;:::::----n na zwrot kończący
I
1
Napisz na nowo pierwszy akapit, używając wyrażeń z listy obok.
2
Przeformułuj zakończenie listu.
3
Zapropont.ij użycie innego zwrotu kończącego.
date of birth data urodzenia first name imię gender płeć male/female mężczyzna/kobieta marital status stan cywilny married żonaty/zamężna nationality narodowość occupation zawód personal interests zainteresowania physical appearance wygląd zewnętrzny
single panna/kawalef> surname nazwisko Appearance
Age late/early teens nastoletni (między 16. a 19. rokiem życia) I nastoletni (między 11. a 15. rokiem życia) middle-aged w średnim wieku mid-thirties w wieku około 3 5 lat teenager nastolatek
Height of medium height średniego wzrostu short niski tall wysoki
Build 'fat gruby
elegant elegancki good-looking przystojny, atrakcyjny handsome przystojny pretty ładny scruffy niechlujny ugly brzydki
plump pulchny skinny chudy slim szczupły well-built dobrze zbudowany
Hair completely white całkiem siwy curly kręcony dark ciemny fair jasny ponytail kucyk. koński ogon shoulder-length do ramion straight prosty wavy falujący
Eyes blue/green/brown eyes niebieskie/ zielone/brązowe oczy expressive pełen wyrazu
Special features
186
bald łysy beard broda freckles piegi glasses okulary moustache wąsy pale/tanned complexion blada/ opalona cera scar blizna wrinkles zmarszczki
Useful phrases
fit pasować na kogoś, dobrze leżeć match pasować do put on włożyć na siebie, ubrać suit pasować, dobrze wyglądać (na
a lack of confidence brak pewności siebie be a (fitness) fanat1c mieć bzika na punkcie (fitnessu) be afraid of bać się czegos be fed up with sth mieć czegoś
kimś)
take off zdjąć
dość
Personality
Face cheek policzek chin podbródek ear ucho eye oko eyebrow brew forehead czoło head głowa lips wargi nose nos teeth zęby
Body arm ramię, ręka chest klatka piersiowa elbow łokieć finger palec foot stopa hand ręka knee kolano leg noga neck szyja shoulder ramię stornach żołądek, tu: brzuch waist talia
of medium build średniej budowy ciała
Verbs
Clothes & accessories belt pasek dress sukienka gloves rękawiczki hat kapelusz jacket marynarka, żakiet, tu: kurtka jeans dżinsy jumper sweter scarf szalik shirt koszula shoes buty skirt spódniczka sportswear ubiór sportowy sunglasses okulary przeciwsłoneczne
swimsuit kostium kąpielowy tie krawat tracksuit dres trainers buty do biegania, adidasy
Adjectives (clothes} baggy obszerny, luźny casual swobodny cotton bawełniany denim dżinsowy formal oficjalny patterned wzorzysty sleeveless bez rękawów tailored dopasowany
adventurous śmiały ambitious ambitny arrogant arogancki bossy apodyktyczny caring opiekuńczy cheerful radosny dishonest nieuczciwy disorganised niezorganizowany easy-go1ng łatwy w obejściu, spokojny generous hojny hard-working pracowity helpful pomocny. uczynny honest uczciwy impatient niecierpliwy kind uprzejmy loving kochający mean skąpy modest skromny opt1mistic optymistyczny organised zorganizowany outgoing otwarty, towarzyski patient cierpliwy pessimistic pe?ymistyczny polite grzeczny, uprzejmy reserved skryty rude obcesowy, gburowaty selfish samolubny, egoistyczny shy nieśmiały sociable towarzyski spoilt rozpieszczony sporty wysportowany Feelings angry (with) zły (na) anxious zatroskany. zaniepokojony confident pewny siebie delighted zachwycony determined zdecydowany, stanowczy embarrassed zakłopotany excited (about) podekscytowany czymś
guilty winny homesick tęskniący za domem horrified przestraszony. przerażony
jealous (of) zazdrosny (o) mad (about) zwariowany (na punkcie) nervous (about) zdenerwowany (z powodu) surprised zdziwiony. zaskoczony terrified przerażony worried zmartwiony
be fond of bardzo lubić (coś) be in a good/bad mood być w dobrym/złym nastroju be 1n control of be interested in sth/doing interesować się czymś/
be be be be be
robieniem (czegoś) keen on uwielbiać kind to others być życzliwym dla innych on time być punktualnym sorry for być (komuś) przykro z powodu the centre of attention być
się na compliment sb about sth chwalić kogoś za get in touch with skontaktować się z have a good attention span mieć dobrą zdolność koncentracji have a sense of humour mieć poczucie humoru have a strong personality mieć
· Prepositions
fashion, appearance, expressions, sense, interests, attitude, personality, body, status, friendly. Fill in:
Then use the collocations to complete the sentences. ................. language facial ...... . . of humour .................. face right ........... .
6 marital .................. . 7
8 9
personal. physical ... -conscious
10 strong .....
You can often tell how people are feeling by reading their ............................. . Ricky has a great . . .... „ ... ; his jokes always make us laugh. Kate is very .............................. ; she often reads magazines to find out the !atest trends. What is his ...................... ; is he married or single? Find the odd word out.
4
Choose the correct preposition
1 Katy is fond of/in wearing scarves in the winter. 2 Paul is very energetic; he's always at/on the go! 3 Sarah is afraid for/of spiders . 4 Students should treat their teachers with/in respect. 5 Fiona is a friendly person, she's kind to/in everyone. 6 Peter always complains about/of his problems. 7 Anna always finds time to keep in/on touch with her friends. 8 Mary gets angry of/with people who lie to her. 9 Sarah is really interested in/on fashion.
Words often confused
5
Fill in:
fit, match, suit, put on, takeoff.
Th at skirt and blouse ..................... They have a similar colour. 2 You should your jacket. lt's cold outside.
narrow - pretty - small - energetic nose thin - full - generous - gorgeous lips
3 Those jeans really .................... you - you look
bushy - high - thin - thick eyebrows large - thin - small - friendly mouth elear - clean - pale - tanned comp/exion
4 Why don't you .................... your coat, Brian? lt's
curly - plump - fair - wavy
really stylish in them! very warm today.
5 Th is jumper doesn't . .... ............... me; it's tao small.
hair
silną osobowość
have the right attitude mieć właściwe podejście
lose one's temper stracić panowanie nad sobą read sb's facia! expressions odczytać czyjś wyraz twarzy share your experience about sth dzielić się doświadczeniami
z danej dziedziny stay calm zachować spokój take advantage of wykorzystać okazję
to make a good impression dobre wrażenie to see the bright sicie of things dostrzegać dobre strony treat sb with respect traktować kogoś z szacunkiem
o Usefu/ phrases
Fili in: makes, sees, shares, broaden, changes, does, /oses, takes, stays, pay. Lisa always . ... .... .... ... . .. a good impression on people she meets. Phil's very impatient and often .. his temper when we are late. John's an optimistic man who always ................. . the bright side of things. Claire's friends always ................ her compliments about the stylish clothes she wears. Tim's a bit indecisive; he often .................. his mind about things. Helen always .................. calm when there is an emergency. Carol ..................... her best at school. his Bill's grandfather sometimes . ... .... . experiences of life during the war. Sarah tried to . ... ... .. ... ... . .. her social circle by joining same afterschool clubs. Gloria is very adventurous. She ................. lots of risks and has tried many extreme sports.
6
Look at the photograph and complete the description with: sportswear, ponytai/, wavy, slim,
pale, sleeve/ess, married, energetic, baggy, height. This photograph shows two adults jogging in a park. They might be friends or they could be a(n) 1) .............................. couple. The man is of medium 2) ...................... . and has got 3) .............................. . hair and a(n) 4) .............................. . complexion. He is wearing a pair of 5) ............................... tracksuit bottoms and a T-shirt under a 6) ........................... blue top. The woman is also wearing 7) ......................... including a red top and a black pair of tracksuit bottoms. She is quite 8) ............................... and has got long dark hair in a , 9) ................................ I think they are very 1O) ............................... and sporty people who exercise a lot.
187
bedsit kawalerka (o niskim standardzie) block of flats blok mieszkalny bungalow dom parterowy. bungalow campsite obozowisko, kemping caravan przyczepa kempingowa chalet domek letniskowy, dom w stylu alpejskim cottage domek letniskowy, dacza detached house dom jednorodzinny wolno stojący farmhouse wiejski dom fiat mieszkanie hotel hotel house/home dom houseboat barka mieszkalna loft strych, -w: poddasze mansion pałac, rezydencja residential building budynek mieszkalny (tourist) resort kurort semi-detached house (o domu) bliźniak
skyscraper wieżowiec studio fiat kawalerka terraced house segment (w zabudowie szeregowej) two-storey (house) (budynek) dwupiętrowy
villa rezydencja wiejska, dom letni Areas to live in by the lake nad jeziorem by the sea nad morzem city centre centrum miasta countryside wieś, wiejska okolica district (multicultural) dzielnica (wielokulturowa) home town miasto rodzinne in a town/city w miasteczku/
armchair fotel bath wanna bed łóżko bedside table stoliczek przy łóżku bookcase biblioteczka bulb żarówka bunkbed łóżko piętrowe central heatmg centralne ogrzewanie chest of drawers komoda coffee table niski stolik cooker kuchenka couch kanapa cupboard szafka kuchenna, kredens cushion poduszka (na sofę) desk biurko desk lamp lampka na biurko dining chair krzesło stołowe dining table stół do jadalni doorbell dzwonek przy drzwiach double bed łóżko podwójne dressing table toaletka fridge lodówka lamp lampa mattress materac microwave (oven) kuchenka mikrofalowa mirror lustro mop mop pillows poduszki, jaśki radiator kalo1yfer rocking chair krzesło bujane sink zlew smoke detector czujnik dymu sofa sofa stepladder drabina table stół toilet toaleta, ubikacja wardrobe szafa washbasin umywalka
wmieście
in the capital w stolicy in the niiddle of nowhere na odludziu i~ the mountains w górach in the suburbs na przedmieściach near a busy/main road przy ruchliwej/głównej drodze on the butskirsts na pe1yferiach slums slumsy, dzielnice nędzy town centre centrum miasta Rooms
1
gg
attic poddasze, st1ych bathroom łazienka cellar piwnica child's bedroom sypialnia dziecięca dining room jadalnia kitchen kuchnia laundry room pralnia living room pokój dzienny, salon master bedroom główna sypialnia study gabinet
Outside the house chimney komin driveway podjazd fence ogrodzenie, płot flowerbed grządka kwiatowa front door drzwi wejściowe garage garaż garden og1·ód lawn trawnik path ścieżka roof dach terrace taras
Adjectives basie skromny, o podstawowym standardzie bright jasny cheap tani, pospolity cramped ciasny dark ciemny decorated udekorowany
furnished/unfurnished umeblowany/nieumeblowany luxurious luksusowy messy brudny, zabałaganiony modern nowoczesny noisy hałaśliwy, pełen zgielku old-fashioned staromodny quiet cichy run-down podupadly spac1ous przestronny tidy schludny Chores/Looking after the house change a light bulb zmienić ża1·ówkę
clean the windows umyć okna cook dinner ugotować obiad do chores wykonywać swoje obowiązki domowe do the cooking gotować do the dishes zmywać naczynia do the shopping robić zakupy hang out the laundry wywieszać pranie help with the household chores pomagać w obowiązkach domowych iron/put away the clothes prasować/odkładać ubrania na miejsce lay/set the table nakrywać do stołu make a cake zrobić ciasto make a mess robić bałagan make the bed ścielić łóżko mop the floor zmywać podłogę
(good/bad) condition (dobry/zły stan decorated udekorowany deposit tu: zaliczka, zadatek flatmate/roommate wspóllokatoi: free parking darmowe parkowa high-quality (furniture) (meble) wysokiej jakości located położony (good) location (dobra) lokalizacja move into (a new fiat) pn:enieść się do (nowego mieszkania) negotiate (a better deal) negocjować (korzystniejszą umowę)
pay in advance płacić z góry renovated odnowiony rent (a fiat) wynajmować (mieszkanie) residential mieszkalny shared (kitchen) wspólna the rent czynsz utilities (electricity, gas) usługi komunalne, media (elektiyczność, gaz)
Useful phrases be on the move przenosić się be paid in advance otrzymywać zapłatę z góry be within walking distance znajdować się niedaleko face onto (the main road) wychodzić na (główną ulicę) fali behind on the rent zalegać
Collocations
Words often confused
fill in: mop, polishes, painted, helps, made, put, water, change, hang, tum. The light has gone out again. I need to . „ „ „ . „ „ „ „. the light bulb. They „ „ „ „ „ . „ „ „ the walls of the bedroom blue a week before their baby boy was born. She „ ... „ „ „ „ . . the glasses with a tea towel to make them shiny. After ironing them, the cleaning lady .. „ •. „ ... „ .. „ the ciot hes away .in the wardrobe. Ben never „ „ „.. „ with the household chores. lt's not fair! Will you sweep a little before you „ „ . „ . „ „ . „ „ „ „ . „ „ „ ... the floor? I always try to „ . „ „ „ . „ .. „ .. „.. out the laundry when the sky is elear. You haven't finished tidying your room. You haven't „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ . the bed yet. lf you're cold, we can .. „ „ „ . „ ... „ „ . the heating on for a while. lt's so hot this summer that I have to .„ „ .. „ . „ „ „ . the plants every day.
mopem/ścierką
paint the walls malować ściany polish the furniture czyścić meble do połysku sweep the floor zamiatać podłogę take outlthrow away the rubbish (in the bin) wynosić/wyrzucać śmieci (do kosza) tidy up the mess posprzątać
Fill in the gaps with: the right form.
bałagan
turn on the heating włączyć ogrzewanie vacuum the carpet odkurzyć dywan wash/dry the dishes zmywać/suszyć naczynia water the plants podlewać rośliny Renting a fiat accornmodation zakwaterowanie, kwatera a(n) (un)furnished room/house nieumeblowany/umeblowany pokój/dom amenities udogodnienia available dostępny built-in (oven/cooker/fridge) wbudowany/-a (piekarnik/ kuchenka/lodówka)
mieszkanie make a payment zapłacić move out of (a house) wyprowadzić się (z domu) pay rent płacić czynsz share a fiat dzielić z kimś mieszkanie sign the contract podpisać urn
make or do in
Claire always „ . „ „ „ „ . „ .. „ „ her bed in the morning. Jessica . „ . „ „ . „ „. „ „ . „ a lovely cake for her son's birthday. We need to „ „ „ . „ „ „ .. „ . „... some shopping for the party. Philip usually „ „ „ „ „ . „ „ „ „ „ .. „ „ the household chores at the weekend. Mike doesn't have to „ „ „ „ . „ .... „ ... the dishes since he bought a dishwasher. My dad is quite creative in the kitchen so he „ „ .. „ „ ... the cooking. You can cook the dinner as long as you don't . „ „ .. „ „ „ „ „ . „ . a mess in the kitchen. Be sure to „ „ „ „ „ „ „. „ .. „ the next payment before the end of the month.
3
Choose the correct word.
Do you believe in haunted/deserted houses? 2 This house comes with a fitted/fixed kitchen. 3 My new fiat is fully decorated/furnished. 4 The royal family have used this modern/historical palace for years. 5 l'rn going to buy a new two/double bed. 6 She always spends her summer holidays in her house/home town.
4
Use the right form of the verbs below to fill in the sentences. • let • bear • share • be • have
2 3 4 5
They decided to out their daughter's old bedroom to a student. You should be glad you . a roof over your head. She couldn't . „ „ ... „ „ „ .. „ „ . „ „ .. to leave the house where she spent her childhood. He .. „ the fiat with two other university students. He „ „ „ . „ „ constantly on the move due to his job.
., Prepositions
5
Choose the right preposition.
1 2 3 4 5
They own a beautiful bungalow by/at the lake. He climbed on/up to the attic to fetch his ald guitar. The landlord asked us to pay two months' rent at/in advance. The living room faces into/onto the main road. lt's a bit chilly in here. 1'11 turn in/on the heating.
6
Complete the notice with:
f/atmate, share, deposit, move into,
amenities, two-bedroom. Hard-working student looking to 1) „ „ „ . „ „ .„ „ „ „ „ a new place . in September. Must be close to the university and offer 2) „ „ „ „ .. „„.„.„„„ hke a supermarket and a sports centre. Prefer to 3) .„„ .„ „.„„.„.„.„„ with a 4) „ „ . „ „ „ . „ . „ „ „ „ „ . A 5) „ „ „ „ „ . „ „ „ „ „ „ „ fiat or house would be ideal. Can pay one month up front and two month's 6) „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ . „ „ . „ .. Available for viewings in evenings and at weekends. "'
Verb phrases
7 2 3 4 5 6
Choose the correct word. The landlord gave/took us a month's notice to leave the fiat. They arranged to do/have a viewing of the house next Monday. I have fallen/stayed behind on the rent again this month. Before you write/sign the contract, make sure you have read it. They were asked to pay/give two-months' rent in advance. So, when are you moving/transferring into your new house?
189
Art wychowanie plastyczne Computing informatyka Drama zajęcia teatralne English język angielski foreign language język obcy Geography geografia History historia lnformation Technology (IT) informatyka Mathematics/Maths matematyka Media Studies medioznawstwo Music wychowanie muzyczne Physical Education (Pę\ wychowanie fizyczne Polish language język polski Religious Educat1on (RE) religia Science (Physics, Chemistry or Biology) przedmioty ścisłe (fizyka, chemia lub biologia) Types of school boarding school szkoła z internatem co-educational school szkoła koedukacyjna comprehensive school państwowa szkoła średnia
grammar school szkoła dla dzieci od 11. roku życia independent school szkoła niepubliczna language school szkoła językowa middle school szkoła dla dzieci w wieku 9-13 lat nursery school przedszkole primary school szkoła podstawowa private school szkoła prywatna public school szkoła publiczna secondary school szkoła średnia single-sex school szkoła męska/żeńska
sixth form college dwuletnia szkoła przygotowująca do egzaminu dojrzałości specialist school (dance school/sports school/ school of performing arts, etc.) szkoła specjalistyczna (szkoła ta1ica I szkoła sportowa I _ szkoła aktorska itp.) state school szkoła państwowa vocational school szkoła zawodowa People in school bully osoba znęcająca się nad słabszymi
classrnate kolega/koleżanka dinner lady osoba wydająca posiłki w szkolnej stołówce head teacher dyrektor szkoły librarian bibliotekarz/bibliotekarka pupil uczeń student student, uczeń szkoły średniej
teaching staff grono pedagogiczne School rooms/areas assembly hall aula canteen stołówka changing room szatnia classroom klasa
190
common room pomieszczenie, w którym uczniowie lub studenci mogą się spotykać, rozmawiać i odpoczywać computer lab sala komputerowa language lab laboratorium
przerwę. robić notatki teach (sb abo1Jt sth) uczyć (kogoś o czymś) wnte an essay napisać esej
Adjectives
library biblioteka music room sala do wychowania muzycznego playing fields boiska sportowe science lab laboratorium fizyczne/ chemiczne s1ck room tu: gabinet pielęgniarki staff room pokój nauczycielski study area sala do nauki własnej toilet toaleta
artistic artystycz:ny confusing mylący, podchwytliwy creat1ve twórczy demanding wymagający disappointing rozczarowujący forma! oficjalny hard-working pracowity punctual punktualny straightforward bezpośredni strict surowy, wymagający Marks and Requirements
At school
Nouns
Nouns
answers odpowiedzi certificate świadectwo (university) degree stopień naukowy diploma dyplom fina! examinations egzaminy
językowe
absence nieobecność assembly apel attendance obecność interactive whiteboard tablica interakcywna Internet connection łącze internetowe lesson lekcja lunch break przerwa na lunch notice board tablica ogłoszeń peer pressure presja grupy rówieśniczej
pencil case piórnik subject przedmiot Usefu/ phrases arrive late/early/on time przyjechać za późno/ za wcześnie/punktualnie be absent from school być nieobecnym w szkole be late/early/on time spóźnić się, przyjść za wcześnie, przyjść punktualnie be present at school/in class być obecnym w szkole/w klasie copy sb's homework odpisywać czyjeś zadanie domowe do a class/lesson/project/ an essay/experiments/ homework poprowadzić zajęcia/lekcję, przygotować
projekt, napisać esej. przeprowadzać eksperymenty. odrobić zadanie domowe get good marks dostawać dobre oceny have a break/a lesson/a lot to learn/homework mieć przerwę/lekcję/ dużo
nauki/zadanie domowe learn (about sth) uczyć się
(o czymś) make a mistake/progress/notes popełnić błąd, robić postępy/notatki
skip a lesson/school opuścić lekcję/nie pójść do szkoły solve a problem rozwiązać problem subtract from odejmować od take a break/notes zrobić sobie
końcowe
qualifications kwalifikacje results wyniki revision powtórka Useful phrases bear in mind pamiętać, mieć na uwadze be confused być zakłopotanym cheat on a test/in an exam ściągać podczas testu/egzaminu deadline for (doing sth) ostateczny·termin (na zrobienie czegoś) do one's best starać się ze wszystkich sil fail an exam nie zdać egzaminu get a good mark/bad results/ good results otrzymać dobrą ocenę I uzyskać złe/dobre wyniki get detention zostać za karę po lekcjach learn by heart uczyć się na pamięć make a decision podjąć decyzję mark an exam/essay poprawić, ocenić egzamin/esej memorise sth zapamiętać coś pass an exam zdać egzamin pay attention to zwracać uwagę na prepare fo1 przygotować się do raise your hand zgłosić się, podnieść rękę
retake an exam ponownie zdawać egzamin revise for an exam powtarzać mąteriał do egzaminu study for an exam przygotowywać się do egzaminu supervise an exam nadzorować. pilnować podczas egzaminu take an exam zdawać egzamin Extracurricular activities
Nouns book club klub książki challenging games ambitne gry
4
charity event impreza dobroczynna chess club klub szachowy dance class kurs tańca literature literatura school band szkolny zespół muzyczny Usefu/ phrases
Choose the correct word. I don't think l've taken/passed the test. I didn't answer many questions. l've been trying to solve/answer the problem for ages, but I can't find the right answer. Ms Winters enjoys learning/teaching children. You get seven when you divide/subtract eight from fifteen. Have you got an art subject/lesson this afternoon? lf you achieve/reach good marks in your exams, you'll be accepted into university. There are only 18 pupils/students in Mr Brown's primary three classroom. Jack didn't read/study hard enough for his exam.
organ1se an event zorganizować jakieś wydarzenie participate in an activity brać w czymś udział plant trees sadzić drzewa play an instrument grać na instrumencie practise play1ng sth tl"enować jakąś dyscyplinę
raise money for sth zbierać pieniądze na read novels czytać powieści sharpen your mind
o
volunteer to do sth zgłosić się na ochotnika, aby coś zrobić Phrasal verbs catch up with (sb/sth) (kogoś, coś)
come round to (an idea) przekonać się (do jakiegoś pomysłu)
cross out skreślić, wykreślić drop out of (school) porzucić (szkołę)
look forward to cieszyć się na look sth up sprawdzić coś (np. w słowniku) put up (your hand) podnieść (rękę)
run out of (time) (o czasie) kończyć się
stay up (all night/late) przesiadywać (całą nad do późna) take up (time) zajmować (czas) think over przemyśleć tum up (late/early/on time) przyjść (późno/wcześniej/ w samą porę) write down zapisać
[IT]
ITD [3IJ
[ID [IT]
0
Usefu/ phrases
Use the words below with do or make to complete the sentences. • a suggestion • a course • best • notes •sense • well I applied to ............... in engineering at university. I thought the maths test was difficult. I couldn't ................... „ .. of most of the questions. I hope to ... „ .......•....... „. in my exams. Could you ...................... for an interesting topie for my science project? lt's alright to fail an exam, Mark, as long as you ....................... your ....................... ! You should ....................... in class, so you can study them when you get home.
I just scraped through. I messed up on the questions. I should've revised harder. I was continuously assessed. I was in two minds. My mind went completely blank.
a I couldn't make a decision. b I couldn't remember anything. c I didn't study enough. d I had tests all the time. e I barely made it. I made big mistakes with my answers.
Phrasal verbs
5
Phrasal Verbs
Sam needed extra tuition when he fell behind/ down in some of his classes. Neil dropped out of/from university. I had to study a lot at home to keep on/up with the rest of the class. This exercise is really easy! All you have to do is cross off/out the wrong answer. Write down/up your name on the exam papers. lf you have any questions put out/up your hand. I ran over/out of time and didn't finish the exam. l'm looking forward/through to my summer holidays.
dogonić
fali asleep (in class) zasnąć (w klasie) fali behind (at school) narobić sobie zaległości (w szkole) focus on (sth) koncentrować się I skupiać się na get 1nto (college, university) dostać się do (college'u, na uniwersytet) get on with (sb) być w dobrych stosunkach z (kimś) hand in (an essay) oddać (esej) hand out (an exam paper) rozdać (testy egzaminacyjne) keep up with (sb) dot:rzym'{\NaC komuś kroku, utrzyn1yY11ac :s1~
OIJ
Choose the correct word.
ćwiczyć/doskonalić umysł
Match the expressions with the same meaning.
2 3 4 5 6
6
Fill in: catch up with, get into, get on with, think over, take up, come round to in the correct form. I was never keen on studying at university, but I .................................. the idea in my last year at secondary school. I have to .................. „ .............. the rest of the class as I was off sick last week. I need to ................................... my decision about which course to apply for. When I passed my exams, I was delighted to know that I would ............................... university. Mark ................................... his homework as soon as he's home for school. l'd love to do the Ancient History class, but it .................................. too much time to study all those books.
Complete the description with:
run out, taking, focusing, supervising, hand, stayed, retaking. This photograph shows some students in a classroom. The students mu st be 1) ...... ............. ... an exam. They are sitting at a distance from one another and there is a teacher who is 2) ... ........ ... ... ..... them. They seem to be 3) .. ... ... ... ... .. ... ... on the test. Perhaps they are 4) ...................... an exam they have previously failed or they are sitting a fina! year examination. They must have studied hard. Perhaps they have even 5) ...................... up all night to prepare for it. When they 6) ....... .... .. .... ..... of time they will have to 7) ...................... their exam paper in.
191
travel agent pracownik biura accountant księgowy/-a actor aktor architect architekt baker piekarz beautician kosmetyczka builder budowlaniec carpenter cieśla cashier kasjer/-ka chef mistrz kucharski, szef kuchni civil servant urzędnik służby cywilnej cleaner sprząracz/-ka computer programmer programista/programistka developer deweloper driving instructor instruktor jazdy dustman śmieciarz electrician elektryk estate agent agent!-ka nieruchomości
executive pracownik szczebla kierowniczego farmer rolnik fashion designer projekrant!-ka mody firefighter strażak gardener ogrodnik hairdresser fryzjer/-ka hotel receptionist recepcjonista I recepcjonistka w hotelu insurance agent agent ubezpieczeniowy I agentka ubezpieczeniowa interior decorator/designer projektant!-ka wnętrz interpreter tłumacz/-ka (języka mówionego) journalist dziennikarz/dziennikarka labourer robotnik lawyer prawnik/prawniczka lorry driver kierowca ciężarówki mechanic mechanik miner górnik museum curator kustosz muzeum musician muzyk paramedic sanirariusz/-ka pilot pilot plumber hydraulik police offiter policjant!-ka politkian polityk postman listonosz/-ka private investigator prywatny detektyw receptionist recepcjonista/ recepcjonistka scientist naukowiec security guard ochroniarz shop assistant sprzedawca/sprzedawczyni social worker pracownik opieki społecznej
soldier żołnierz surgeon chirurg teacher nauczycieli-ka ticket inspector kontroler/-ka biletów traffic warden funkcjonariusz kontrolujący prawidłowość
parkowania translator tłumacz/-ka
192
podróży
undertaker przedsiębiorca pogrzebowy Weirdjobs bodyguard ochroniarz Christmas tree grower hodowca choinek flavour designer projektant smaków furniture tester kontroler jakości mebli golf bali diver nurek wylawiający piłki golfowe, które wpadły do zbiorników wodnych hand model osoba, która użycza swoich rąk do fotografii artystycznej, fotografii mody i reklamy human statue osoba stojąca nieruchomo, przeważnie na rynku czy placu, udająca posąg life manager osoba wyręczająca innych w codziennych obowiązkach
magician's assistant asystent!-ka iluzjonisty mystery shopper osoba badająca poziom obslugi klientów, robiąc zakupy w danym sklepie, a następnie opisując szczegółowo przebieg transakcji pet psychologist psycholog zwierzęcy, zoopsycholog pet sitter osoba opiekująca się zwierzętami domowymi placard carrier osoba nosząca transparenty lub plakaty reklamowe wax figure maker twórca figur woskowych Adjectives describing jobs boring nudny full-time w pełnym wymiarze godzin, na pełny etat manual fizyczny, ręczny, manualny menial (o pracy) nudny, nieciekawy part-time w niepełnym wymiarze godzin permanent srały poorly-paid źle opłacany seasonal sezonowy stressful stresujący temporary tymczasowy well-paid dobrze płatny Adjectives describing people brave odważny communicative komunikatywny creative twórczy easygoing łatwy w obejściu efficient wydajny good with people mający dobre relacje z ludźmi hardworking pracowity highly-mot1vated o wysokiej motywacji imaginative obdarzony wyobraźnią
knowledgeable o dużej wiedzy
persuasive posiadający dar przekonywania reliable godny zaufania Applying for a job applicant ubiegający się o pracę. kandydat application (form) podanie candidate kandydat contract umowa cover letter list motywacyjny CV CV. życiorys zawodowy gain experience zdobywać doświadczenie
interview rozmowa kwalifikacyjna job advert anons prasowy z ofertą pracy job application podanie o pracę previous experience doświadczenie zawodowe qualifications kwalifikacje qualify as zakwalifikować jako. uznać za recruit prowadzić rekrutację recruitment rekrutacja reference referencje training session szkolenie pracownicze vacancy wolne stanowisko pracy Useful phrases accept a job offer przyjąć ofertę pracy apply for a job złożyć podanie o pracę read job adverts czytać oferty pracy sign a contract podpisać umowę start work rozpocząć pracę Working life bonus premia, dodatek boss szef career kariera zawodowa dress code przepisowy strój employee pracownik employer pracodawca income dochód pay rise podwyżka position stanowisko promote awansować promotion awans (high) salary (wysokie) zarobki self-employed pracujący na własny rachunek travel expenses koszty podróży wage zarobki, płaca working conditions warunki pracy Useful phrases able to do manual work zdolny do wykonywania pracy fizycznej able to meet deadlines dotrzymujący te1·minów be employed on a temporary basis być zatrudnionym tymczasowo be in agreement zgadzać się z kimś, być w porozumieniu be in charge of sth nadzorować, być szefem be off sick być na chorobowym be on sick leave być na zwolnieniu lekarskim
be/get promoted otrzymać awa115 be responsible for być odpowiedzialnym za be self-employed pracować na wlasny rachunek do overtime pracować w godzinach nadliczbowych do sth for a living żyć z earn a living zarabiać na życie form a union utworzyć związek zawodowy go on strike strajkować have organisat1onal skills mieć zdolności organizacyjne learn on the job zdobywać doświadczenie w trakcie wykonywania pracy make a living zarabiać na życie,
Usefu/ phrases Choose the correct word.
be fired/sacked zostać zwolnionym z pracy be made redundant zostać zwolnionym w wyniku redukcji etatów be out of work być bezrobotnym go on strike strajkować pension emerytura, renta quit zrezygnować z pracy, złożyć wypowiedzenie retire przejść na emeryturę retirement emerytura, przejście na emeryturę unemployment benefit zasiłek dla bezrobotnych Phrasal verbs deal with (complaints) zajmować się (skargami) give up tu: odejść z pracy hand 1n (your resignation) wręczyć (wypowiedzenie) look for (a job) szukać (pracy) send (sth) off wysłać (coś) set up (a business) założyć (firmę) take (a day) off wziąć (dzień) wolnego take over (a business) przejąć (firmę)
turn down (an offer)
odrzucić
(ofertę)
work on (sth) (czymś)
pracować
nad
Complete the sentences using the correct form of the verbs:
follow, recruit, gain, meet, run, make.
2 3 4 5
utn:ymywać się
meet deadlines dotrzymywać terminów per hour za godzinę (np. 5 funtów za godzinę) run a business prowadzić biznes start a career in sth rozpocząć karierę w danej dziedzinie work a night shift pracować na nocną zmianę work flexitime mieć ruchomy czas pracy work for a company pracować w firmie work overtime pracować w godzinach nadliczbowych work under pressure pracować pod presją Out ofwork
3
6 7 8 9
e
He's the owner of a large chain of restaurants with over 200 employees/employers. Mary's starting salary/wage at the office was E800 per month. Jeff found it hard to make a working/living as a magician. Philip was given a business/company car when he worked as a salesman. David handed his letter of resignation/promotion to his boss. Lisa's duties/skills as a receptionist include answering the phone. The company pays for all Leonard's perks/expenses when he travels. To apply for the job, just fili in this application form/contract. The company hired/fired two new workers yesterday - they both start on Monday. Ted was asked to work flexitime/ overtime to get the job finished.
Journalists often have to work under pressure and
„
............. „ ... .
deadlines. . .. „. redundant last week. Fifty factory workers were ... .. .. . ...... his own business. lt's Ted's dream to start and „.. lt's good for young people to get part-time jobs and . experience. ..... „ . „ a strict dress code. All members of staff have to ... skilled and experienced The company is trying to . „ .. staff.
2 3 4 5 6
Phrasal verbs
4
Choose the correct word.
1 When his father retired, David took/got over the family business. 2 Sarah turned/closed down the job offer. 3 When he finishes university, Richard wants to put/set up his own business. 4 The factory brought/took on twenty new employees last week. 5 You need a holiday! Are you going to make/take time off this sum mer? 6 Our shop wasn't making enough money, so we decided to give/ lock up and sell the business.
Preposit'ions Choose the correct word. Henry put the application form in an envelope and sent it by/off to the company. Jim has spent the last two hours working on/in a report for his boss. Katy has been at/on sick leave for the last two days - she has the fiu. All the staff members were for/in agreement that they should go on strike. I think it's with/in Greg's best interests to take the job - he won't find anything better. One of Keith's duties in the restaurant is to deal with/against customer complaints. lt took Rachael seven years to qualify for/as a doctor. James is responsible to/for opening up the shop every morning.
~
Verb plnases
5
Choose the correct word. e earn • provide • formed • work • do
4 5
the night shift at the hospital last Lisa had to „ „ .... „ .. night. The workers . „ ....... „ .. „ „ „ .. „ a union to protect their rights. Greg was home late because he decided to „ „ . „ . „ . overtime at the office. lt is difficult to „ . „ „ . „ .. „ „ „ ... „ . a living as an artist. The company will . „ „ „ ........... „ „ „ training for all new employees.
6
Choose the correct word.
2 3
The head manager is doing/having a meeting at the moment. 2 You'll be expected to meet/enter tight deadlines if you get the job. 3 Mr Barnes is going to have/make an interview tomorrow afternoon. 4 The new employee signed/wrote a six-month contract to work at the company. 5 He did/made a fortune working as an insurance agent. 6 He set/started up his own business when he was 23 years old.
193
aunt ciocia brother brat brother-in-law szwagier close family bliska rodzina cousin kuzyni-ka daughter córka father ojciec father/mother-in-law teść/ teściowa
fiance/fiancee narzeczony/ narzeczona grandfather/grandmotlit!r dziadek/babcia grandparents dziadkowie grandson/granddaughter wnuczek/wnuczka great-gr andfather/ grandmother pradziadek/prababcia great-grandparents pradziadkowie half-brother/sister brat przyrodni/ siostra przyrodnia mother matka nephew bratanek. siostrzeniec nieee bratanica, siostrzenica only child jedynak/jedynaczka parents rodzice partner partner sister siostra sister-in-law szwagierka son syn so_n/daughter-in-law zięć/synowa stepmother/father macocha/ojczym twins bliźnięta uncle wujek (ex-)wife/husband była żona/ były mąż
Stages of life adolescence wiek dojrzewania adult dorosły baby niemowlę generation pokolenie get engaged zaręczyć się get married oienić się. wyjść za mąż go to university iść na studia have children mieć dzieci job zawód middle-aged w średnim wieku old age starość pregnant w ciąży retire/retirement przejść na emeryturę. emerytura single kawaler; panna start school rozpocząć szkołę start work zacząć pracę teenager nastolatek, nastolatka tomboy chłopczyca Daily routine brush your hair szczotkować wlosy brush your teeth czyścić zęby
:194
odebrać
cook dinner
dzieci ze szkoły gotować
obiad/kolację
do my homework odrabiać zadanie domowe do the shopping robić zakupy do the washing-up zmywać naczynia get a lift to (school) zostać podwiezionym (do szkoly) get dressed ubrać się get ready przygotować się get up wstać go to bed (early/late) iść spać (wcześnie/późno)
have an early start wcześnie rozpocząć dzień
have breakfast jeść śniadanie have dinner jeść obiad/kolację iron the clothes prasować ubrania leave for school wyjść z domu do szkoły
make friends with sb zaprzyjaźnić się z make/prepare lunch/dinner/ breakfast zrobić/przygotować lunch/obiad/śniadanie make the bed pościelić łóżko relax (in front of the TV) odpoczywać, relaksować się
(przed telewizorem) stay in bed (late) długo leżeć w łóżku take/have a bath brać kąpiel take/have a (short/quick) nap zdrzemnąć się na chwilę take/have a rest odpocząć take/have a shower wziąć prysznic take turns robić coś na przemian, zmieniać się kolejno wash (dirty) clothes prać (brudne) ubrania watch a DVD oglądać film nagrany na płycie DVD
Prepositions
łyżwach
go jogging biegać go rollerblading iść pojeździć na rolkach go swimming iść popływać go to an exhibition iść na wysrawę go to the cinema iść do kina have a chat online rozmawiać z kimś za pośrednictwem Internetu have a night out/in spędzić wieczór na mieście/w domu have a party organizować imprezę/przyjęcie
have fnends over zaprosić do siebie przyjaciół have (a lot of) hobbies mieć (wiele) pasji hectic schedule napięty plan lie on the beach leżeć na plaży listen to (laud) music słuchać (głośnej) muzyki meet friends spotykać się z przyjaciółmi play board garnes grać w gry planszowe play cards grać w kar·ty play chess grać w szachy play computer games grać w gry komputerowe play tennis grać \v tenisa play the piano grać na fortepianie play the saxophone grać na saksofonie practise in a band ćwiczyć grę w zespole muzycznym read books czytać książki spend time outdoors spędzać czas poza domem surf the Internet/Net surfować po Internecie take photographs robić zdjęcia. fotografować
I could do with (same breakfast). Zjadłbym/Zjadłabym (śniadanie).
do without obyć się bez head to kierować się do, zmierzać w kierunku live off sth tu: żywić się stay at (home) zostać w (domu) Leisure activities chat online rozmawiać za pośrednictwem Internetu do athletics uprawiać lekkoatletykę
do crosswords rozwiązywać krzyżówki
do gymnastics
go for a (long) walk iść na (długi) spacer go ice skating iść pojeździć na
uprawiać
gimnastykę
do the gardening uprawiać ogród do the shopping robić zakupy go bowling iść na kręgle
take up (a new hobby) zainteresować się (nowym hobby) write a blog prowadzić blog Celebrations birthday cake tort urodzinowy bouquet bukiet cards kartki (np. świąteczne, urodzinowe) decorati9ns ozdoby Easter Wielkanoc holiday święto honour zaszczyt, honor national narodowy (special) occas1on (wyjątkowa) okazja pumpkin pie placek z dyni rest odpoczywać roast turkey pieczony indyk Santa Claus Święty Mikołaj
Thanksgiving Święto
4
Dziękczynienia
Complete the sentences with the right word:
Useful phrases a day to remember dzieri, który wszyscy zapamiętają be expecting (twins) spodzieWać się (bliźniąt)
be in charge of być odpowiedzialnym za blow out candles zdmuchiwać świeczki
buy gifts kupować prezenty fast and pray pościć i modlić się give chocolates!flowers dać czekoladki/kwiaty go out for a meal iść do restauracji have a great time świetnie się bawić
friend, blood, need, breadline, family, sheep. The family have been on the .. „ .. „. ever since the father lost his job. He's known as the black . „ „ ... „ „ . „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ . of the family because he dropped out of school. 3 You can meet a lot of people in life, but a good ... „ . „ „ „ . „ is hard to come by. 4 Jack's willingness to help his troubled friend shows that a friend in „ „ . „ „ „ „ .. „ „ „ „ „ „ . „ is a friend indeed. 5 Fiona's mother and grandfather are famous artists. Apparently, artistic ability runs in the 6 Everyone dislikes Christopher but his mother always supports him. After all, .. „ „ „ „ „ „ „ . „ . „ . „ ... is thicker than water. @
Use the verbs in the right form to complete the sentences.
a friend in need is a friend indeed prawdziwych przyjaciól poznaje się w biedzie be on the breadline żyć na granicy ubóstwa black sheep of the family czarna owca w rodzinie blood is thicker than water bliższa koszula ciału good friends are hard to come by niełatwo jest zdobyć prawdziwych przyjaciół run in the family być cechą
2 3 4 5 6
Phrasal verbs
(kimś)
(z przyjaciółmi) take after (sb) być podobnym do (kogoś) take turns (to do sth) zmieniać się (np. przy jakiejś pracy) tell (sb) off zbesztać (kogoś) tum to tu: zwrócić się do
Verb phrases
5
Fili in the gaps with one of the verbs below.
1)
„ •. „ „ . .
{
3) ..... „.....
• spend • stay • chat • throw • play • have (x2) • take
dziedziczną
meet up (with friends) spotkać się
fiance - wife - ex-husband - adolescence generation - chess - cards - board games Thanksgiving - Santa Claus - Halloween - Easter adult - middle-aged - tomboy - teenager birthday cake - decorations - traditional roast pumpkin pie 6 turkey - holiday - celebration - occasion 7 mother - daughter - grandmother - uncle 8 roast - bouquet - cards - flowers
Co/locations
ldioms
bring (sb) up wychowywać (kogoś) fali out (with sb) pokłócić się (z kimś) get along (with sb) utrzymywać (z kimś) dobre stosunki get together (with sb) spotkać się (z kimś) get up (in the morning) wstać (rano) go out (with friends/for a meal) wyjść (z przyjaciółmi/ do restauracji) look after (sb) opiekować się
1 2 3 4 5
• do • make • have • go • take • play
keep in touch (with) ucrzymYWać kontakt (z) paint eggs malować pisanki put up decorations rozwieszać dekoracje throw/hold a party organizować przyjęcie
Choose the odd word out.
7 8
c
Jack and Jane have decided to .. „ .. „ „ ... „ . „ . . . . . . . „ a party to celebrate their 5th wedding anniversary. She always .. „ ••••... „ „ . „ ...• in bed late on Sundays. The family love . „ ... „ „ . „ „ . „ .. „ „ „ . „ time outdoors. Although they don't . „ •.. „ .. „ „ . „ „ „ „ .•.. „ a lot in common, they are good friends. Ben . „ . „ .•. „ . „ •. „ .. the trumpet in the school band. In his free time, John loves .. „ . „ „ „ . „ . „ ... „ „ .. „ . with his friends online. The children were „ . „ . „ . „ „ .. „ . „ •• „ .. „ . a great time at the funfair. Fred usually „ „ . „ ••.• „ .. „ .•.... „ „ .• a short nap in the afternoon.
Phrasal verbs
S) ....... „
a party friends over { a night out
4) .. .... .... .
~~=~: games tennis
the gardening crosswords { the shopping
6) ...........
dinner the bed { friends with sb
~ Words often confused
6 2 3 4 5
Choose the right word. He was brought down/up in a small village. 2 I think Nick fell off/out with his mother again. 3 Chloe and her little sister get along/up with each other just fine. 4 He's a very ambitious young man. He definitely takes in/after his father. 5 Karen was told off/up by the teacher for being late for school again. 6 Mary offered to look up/after her baby cousin.
.. {
a rest . { for a walk ' turns to do sth ) b d 2 .. „........ to e ear 1y a shower ice skating
6 7 8 9 1O
Choose the right word. Playing computer games is a very popular lazy/ leisure activity among teenagers. My friend has a very good connection/ relationship with her parents-in-law. He only wears a tie on special holidays/occasions. Nick collects/gathers the children from school at four every afternoon. My grandparents always go out for a dish/meal on Friday evening. The old man has no near/close family to look after him. Jack and Lilian are waiting/expecting twins! The two brothers don't really hold/keep in touch with each other. Always wash/brush your teeth after meals to keep them in good condition. She spent her adolescence/teenage years in the countryside.
I I
I.
195
apple jabłko banana banan cherry wiśnia, czereśnia grape winogrono kiwi kiwi lemon cytryna melon melon orange pomara1icza peach brzoskwinia pear gruszka plum śliwka strawberry truskawka Vegetables broccoli brokuły carrot marchewka cucumber ogórek garlic czosnek lettuce sałata mushroom grzyb (pickled) onion (marynowana) cebula (chilli) pepper czerwony pieprz, chili (mashed) potato puree ziemniaczane spinach szpinak tomato pomidor Meat & seafood (mincerl) beef (mielona) wołowina (fried) chicken (smażony) kurczak cod dorsz crao krab duck kaczka fish ryba lamb jagnięcina (łean/red/fatty) meat (chude/czerwone/tłuste) mięso
pork wieprzowina salmon łosoś sausage kiełbasa (rare/medium/wełl-done) steak
(krwisty I średnio wysmażony I dobrze wysmażony) befsztyk turkey indyk · Dairy products (cottage) cheese twarożek (soft) cheese miękki se1· (sour) cream (kwaśna) śmietana (poached/fried) egg jajko (gotowane bez skorupki I sadzone) scrambled eggs jajecznica milk mleko yoghurt jogurt Drin ks black coffee czarna kawa fizzy drink napój gazowany hot chocolate gorąca czekolada milk shake koktajl mleczny soft drink napój bezalkoholowy (green) tea (zielona) herbata
196
(mineral/still/sparkling) water woda (mineralna/niegazowana/ gazowana) Generał food stuffs & dishes
(baked) beans (pieczona) fasola biscuits herbatniki bread chleb cake ciastko cereal płatki zbożowe (bitter/white/milk) chocolate (gorzka/biała/mleczna)
czekolada crisps czipsy ziemniaczane curry curry fish and chips ryba i frytki junk food niezdrowe, tanie jedzenie (shelled/salted) nuts (łuskane/solone) on:eszki pasta wszelkie rodzaje makaronu, pierożków
pizza pizza popcorn prażona kukurydza, popcorn rice ryż Things added to or cooked with food chilli powder sproszkowane chili herbs zioła honey miód olive oil oliwa z oliwek pepper pieprz salt sól sauce sos Food quantities/Packaging bag of (flour/sugar) torebka (mąki/cukru)
bar of (chocolate) tabliczka (czekolady) bottle of (oil) butelka (oleju) bowl of (rice) miska (ryżu) box of (cereal/chocolates) pudełko (płatków zbożowych/
czekoladek) bunch of (bananas) kiść (bananów) can of (cola) puszka (coli) carton of (milk) karton (mleka) jar of Oam/honey) słoik (dżemu/ miodu) kilo of (beef/cheese) kilogram (wołowiny/sera)
loaf of (bread) bochenek (chleba) packet of (spaghetti/crisps) paczka (spaghetti/czipsów) tin of (baked beans) puszka (pieczonej fasoli) tub of (butter/margarine) pudełko (masła/margaryny)
Taste appetising apetyczny awful okropny bitter gorzki creamy kremowy, śmietankowy
delicious pyszny greasy tłusty horrible okropny, paskudny hot pikantny salty słony sour kwaśny spicy pikantny sweet słodki tasty smaczny Meals barbecue potrawa z grilla breakfast śniadanie dessert deser dinner obiad, kolacja (packed) lunch drugie śniadanie, suchy prowiant pienie piknik snack przekąska Preparing dishes bake piec boil gotować chop siekać drain odcedzić, odsączyć fry smażyć grate ucierać na tarce melt topić mix mieszać peel obierać pour nalewać roast piec, prażyć serve podawać simmer gotować na wolnym ogniu slice kroić na plasterki sprinkle posypać, pokropić steam gotować na parze stir mieszać wash myć Eating out appetiser przystawka atmosphere atmosfera beverage napój bread basket koszyk na chleb cafe kawiarnia canteen stołówka decor wystrój dish of the day danie dnia fast food restaurant bar szybkiej obsługi
leftovers resztki main course danie główne portions porcje reasonable prices rozsądne ceny relaxed atmosphere relaksująca, luźna atmosfera reservatio.n reze1-wacja second helping dokładka self-service (restaurant) (bar) samoobsługowy
sicie dish przystawka slow service powolna obsługa starter przystawka, zakąska table for two stolik dla dwóch osób tip napiwek
Answer the following questions Yes or No. Then check your score to find out if you have a healthy or unhealthy diet.
top-class restaurant restauracja najwyższej kategorii variety of dishes wybó1· potraw vegetarian restaurant 1·estauracja wegetariańska
waiter kelner wine list lista win
2
General food vocabulary
3
balanced diet dieta bite ugryźć
zrównoważona
chewżuć
coffee pot dzbanek na kawę fair trade uczciwa konkurencja frying pan patelnia lunch box pojemnik na kanapki nibble przygryzać, gryźć overcooked przegotowany packed lunch drugie śniadanie, suchy prowiant raw surowy recipe book książka kucharska swallow połknąć traditional meal tradycyjna potrawa
4
s 6
7 8
you go to bed? Score: lf you answered
7-8 times: you 5-6 times: you 3-4 times: you 1-2times: you
Usefu/ phrases book a table zarezerwować stolik call the waiter przywołać kelnera follow a recipe postępować zgodnie z przepisem leave a tip zostawić napiwek look through the menu przeglądnąć menu order a main course/dessert zamówić danie główne I deser pay the bill zapłacić rachunek recommend a restaurant polecić
have have have have
Yes
a very unhealthy diet. Be careful ! quite an unhealthy diet. a fairly healthy diet. a very healthy diet. Weil done!
° Collocatio11s
2
6 7
... „
book a
3
take your order przyjąć zamówienie turn out wełl (o potrawie) udać się
Phrasa/ verbs 0
I I I I I I for two I
si de ............................ . loaf of ........................ . follow a ..................... . slow ........................... . black .... „ ..... . packed . „ ................... .
4 5
..................
Useful phrases
(coś)
drain (off) odcedzić fili (sth) up napełnić, wypełnić (coś) heat (sth) up podgrzać (coś) keep on (doing sth) kontynuować (daną czynność)
pick out wybrać run out of (sth) (o danej rzeczy lub produkcie) skończyć się switch on/off włączyć/wyłączyć turn up/down tu: ustawić niższą/wyższą temperaturę
wolf down zjeść łapczywie, pożreć
4
Choose the correct word.
·1 My mum never asks for/of help in the kitchen. 2 lt's bad from/for your blood pressure to have too much salt with your food. 3 I just had a bowl in/of hot soup. 4 I try to keep to/with a healthy diet when I can. 5 My brother cooked pasta today and he served it with/from a simple tomata sauce. 6 Let's invite some friends with/to dinner.
l!Vords often confused
5
Choose the correct word.
My doctor advised me to eat lean/thin meat. Greg ordered a milk/cream shake at the cafe. 3 Rachael only buys coffee from companies that support fair trade/business. 4 l'd like to have the pasta for my main meal/course. 5 There's a new vegetarian/vegetable restau;ant in
2
town. 6 You should leave a 10% tip/bill for the waiter. 7 David ate a whole bar of dark/hot chocolate.
8 Heat the olive oil in a frying pot/pan.
Choose the correct words coffee, table, lunch, service, recipe, bread, dish to make collocations. ................... of the day ........................ basket .......................... book ..................... included ....... „ .................... pot ............................. box
2
restaurację
clean up pozmywać cut down on (sth) ograniczyć
Do you drink fizzy drinks every day? Do you usually add salt to your meals? Do you eat at fast food restaurants more than once a week? Do you eat salted snacks (crisps, salted nuts, etc) every day? Would you rather eat a takeaway than a home-cooked mea1? Do you usually add sugar to your tea or coffee? Do you drink less than eight glasses of water a day? Do you often eat a large meal before
"' Prepositions
Choose the correct word. When I took a swallow/bite/chew/nibble of the steak, I realised that it was undercooked. 2 Sam ordered his steak overcooked/raw/medium/ well done; he doesn't like it when the meat is pink inside. 3 Jack was so hungry that he ordered a second packet/part/helping/course of pie. 4 The canteen serves a variety of meals/snacks/ beverages/leftovers such as tea, coffee and hot chocolate. 5 A three-course meal includes a starter, a main course and a(n) appetiser/dessert/portion/dish.
9 I couldn't find any pasta dishes on the menu/list.
1O Dairy goods/products like milk and cheese have a lot of protein.
6
Fili in: fried, appetising, competitive, having, relaxed, portion, fast.
In this picture I Ca
n see a group of friends at a(n)
food restaurant. 1) . · · · · · ·· · · · · · ··· „ · · · · a mea I. The girl on the They are ~) · · · ··· ····· ··· ····· „ · · ..... of chips and the boy left is eat1119 a 3) · · · ············ chicken. I · ht is eating 4) · · · · ···· ····· ·· ·· ·· · · · · on t h e ng 5) ........ . think the restaurant hhas ato ea~ ·i·~··~· ·f~~t food I wou\dn't c oos~ atmosphere. t rants usually offer outlet. However, these res au ...... . dishes at 7) · · · ··· ·· ··· ··· ··· ··· 6) ····· ···················· prices.
main entrance glówne wejście baker's piekarnia bookshop księgarnia boutique butik butcher's sklep mięsny car wash myjnia samochodowa charity shop sklep z rzeczami używanymi (kr.órego dochód przeznaczony jest na cele charytatywne) chemist's apteka clothes shop sklep odzieżowy confectioner's cukier~a delicatessen delikatesy department stare dom towarowy DIY stare sklep dla majsterkowiczów dry cleaner's pralnia chemiczna electrical shop sklep elektryczny estate agent's agencja nieruchomości
fishmonger's sklep rybny florist's kwiaciarnia furniture shop sklep meblowy gift shop sklep z pamiątkami greengrocer's warzywniak hairdresser's fryzjer hypermarket hipermarket jewellery shop jubiler open-air market plac targowy optician's optyk shoe shop sklep obuwniczy shopping centre/mall centrum - handlowe sports shop sklep sportowy stationery shop sklep papierniczy toy shop sklep z zabawkami travel agent's biuro podróży Products designer clothes markowe ubrania electrical goods urządzenia elektryczne forma! clothes ubrania oficjalne household goods sprzęty domowe. kettlt! czajnik kitchen appliances urządzenia kuchenne MP3 player odtwarzacz MP3 netbook netbook (mały. przenośny komputer osobisty) organie products produkty naturalne suit garnitur Services free parking spaces wolne miejsca parkingowe indoor play area tu: plac zabaw dla dzieci w centrum handlowym in-stare bakery tu: piekarnia w centrum handlowym
198
Useful phrases
book a holiday zrobić rezerwację na wyjazd wakacyjny buy stamps kupować znaczki have a haircut ostrzyc się send a parcel wysłać paczkę send flowers wysłać kwiaty Buying & selling (can't) afford (nie) móc sobie pozwolić na zakup czegoś be for sale (o towarze) być wystawionym na sprzedaż be in demand (o towarze) być poszukiwanym, cieszyć się zainteresowaniem be on sale (o towarze) być na wyprzedaży
be on the market (o towarze) być na rynku, być dostępnym borrow money pożyczać pieniądze (od kogoś) browse przeglądać, szperać buy (sth) at half price kupować (coś) za połowę ceny buy two for the price of one kupić dwie rzeczy za cenę jednej cash a cheque zrealizować czek get (huge) savings on (wiele) zaoszczędzić na give/get a discount dać/otrzymać zniżkę
go on a shopprng spree iść zaszaleć w sklepach go well together pasować do siebie guaranteed for years z gwarancją na lata Have enough money on me. Mam przy sobie wystarczająco dużo pieniędzy.
l'm a size ... Mój rozmiar to... keep a receipt zachować paragon look for/find a bargain szukać/znaleźć okazję
loyalty card karta stałego klienta make (sb) an offer zaoferować (komuś) coś
make a purchase dokonać zakupu pay by credit card płacić karcą kredytową
pay in cash płacić gotówką place a mail order złożyć zamówienie pocztowe purchase zakupić (winter) sales (zimowa) wyprzedaż save money oszczędzać pieniądze spend money on sth wydawać pieniądze na coś stick to a shopping list trzymać się listy zakupów take/accept credit cards przyjmować/akceptować płatność karcą kredytową
take my change zabrać resztę talk to the manager rozm;iwiać z kierownikiem try sth 1n small/medium/large przymierzyć (ubranie) w małyrn/średnim/dużym rozmiarze visit a stare odwiedzić sklep wait in the queue czekać w kolejce Nouns!phrases
a pair of para (np. spodni) ATM bankomat banknote banknot bargain okazja corn moneta discount obniżka (cen) in the sale na wyprzedaży (go) out of/in stock (o towarze) skończyć się I być dostępnym price tag metka shop assistant sprzedawca shopping experience wyjścre na zakupy shopping trolley wózek sklepowy Complaining Usefu/ phrases
alter the size zmienić rozmiar ask for my money back prosić o zwrot pieniędzy charge by the hour pobierać opłatę od godziny complain about skarżyć się na contact details dane kontaktowe (poor) customer service (zła) obsługa klienta exchange sth fo·r sth else wymienić coś na coś innego get/have a receipt otrzymać/mieć paragon get my money back in full otrzymać zwrot pełnej kwoty give a (full) refund (for) przyznać zwrot (całej) kwoty (za) have in stock mieć coś w sprzedaży make a complaint złożyć skargę return sth to the shop zwrócić coś do sklepu speak to the manager rozmawiać z kierownikiem Advertising General v.ocabulary
advertisement/advert reklama advertising campaign kampania reklamowa advertising firm agencja reklamowa brand name nazwa firmowa brochure broszura, prospekt
commercial reklama telewizyjna/radiowa hoarding billboard rn a newspaper w gazecie leaflet ulotka reklamowa marketing company firma marketingowa on the Internet w Internecie on TV I the radio w telewizji/ w radio personal ad ogłoszenie drobne pop-up wyskakujące okienko reklamowe poster plakat promotion promocja reduction on zniżka na
Choose the odd one out. poster - brachu re - brand - hoarding discount - reduction - price tag bargain take back - return - try on exchange pay - borrow - spend - purchase banknote - cash - debt - coin e
4
Words often confused
Julie can't remember which stall she bought the clock from at the open-air market/hypermarket. l'm going to go on a shopping spree/list for new clothes when I get paid. The supermarket has a publicity stunt/loyalty card to reward regular customers. You'll have to pay in cash/by credit card if you book flights online. I usually make a cup of tea when TV placements/adverts come on during a film.
a wicie range of szeroka gama be bombarded by adverts być bombardowanym reklamami be on display być na wystawie borrow money (from) pożyczać pieniądze (od) cater to/for sb's needs zaspokajać czyjeś potrzeby launch a new product wprowadzić na rynek nowy produkt place an advertisement umieścić reklamę
Phrasa/ verbs
e
Choose the correct word.
1 The company is going to start/launch the new product in June. 2 Tom is trying to save/hold money so he can buy a new bicycle. 3 She never uses a credit card as she doesn't want to put/get into debt. 4 I need to refund/exchange euros for pounrls before I go to England. 5 l'm going to place/put a mail order for a silver bracelet. 6 Irene picked up/took a few bargains in the winter sales. 7 The shop assistant told me you get/take a 10% discount when you spend more than fSO.
Choose the correct word.
Usefu/ phrases
add up to dodać do elear out pozbyć się niepotrzebnych rzeczy lub towarów give away oddać pick (sth) up (at half price) tu: kupić (coś) okazyjnie (za połowę ceny) rip sb off zedrzeć z kogoś (sprzedać komuś towar po zawyżonej cenie) sell out wyprzedać send over przesłać
" Usefu/ phrases
"' Col/ocations
5
Complete the sentences with: a holiday, a haircut, trolley,
a cheque, centre, a parcel.
2 3 4 5 6
Prepositions
There we re too many people in the shopping .............................. . on Saturday so every shop had really long queues. The supermarket was so busy that it was impossible to find a shopping ...................................... to put my groceries in. You know Tim, you really need to have .................................... „ your hair is constantly in your face. l'm going to the bank to cash ...................................... my grandfather sent me for f50, as a birthday present. I need to send ...................................... to my grandmother. She made me promise to post her some pictures for her album. lt's been ages since I went anywhere! I think 1'11 book ...................................... and take some time off.
Choose the correct preposition.
Verb phrases Could I pay by/in cheque as I have no cash with me? Those clothes are with/on sale. I wonder if this house is for/in sale. We bought our fridge by/on credit. You won't believe it! Tim paid for his car in/by cash. l'd like to complain for/about the poor customer service. We use sales to elear up/out our old stock. 8 The shop is giving away/about free umbrellas today. 9 You'll be able to pick from/up a bargain at the market. 1'11 take the dress in/on, so it fits better. Since you are a frequent customer, I can give you 20% from/off these trainers.
6
Fill in the gaps with the right verb save, go (x2), stick, charge, spend. Then write T for true and F for false and find out if you
I
are a compulsive shopper.
I I
?<;Jli'
I
iii.-? \fuw1
„
Are you a compulsive shopper? Do the quiz and find out. When l'm feeling sad, I ............. shopping. 2 lt's extremely difficult for me to ....... up money to buy something. 3 I often ... money on things I do not really need. 4 Every time I have money, I .... „ ......•. on a shopping spree. 5 I can never . . ....... to a shopping list when l'm in the supermarket. 6 I can't resist buying something I like, even if they .............. me a fortune. 1-3 True statements: you are a sensible shopper. 4-6 True statements: be careful or you might drown in debt one day!
199
przesiąść się
bus autobus car samochód coach tu: autobus dalekobieżny, autokar Ferry prom helicopter śmigłowiec hot-air balloon balon napełniany gorącym powietrzem kayak kajak lorry ciężarówka motorbike motocykl mountain bike rower górski pedal boat rower wodny piane samolot rickshaw riksza tram tramwaj underground train metro, kolej podziemna van furgonetka yacht jacht Travel
change trains
arrive przyjeżdżać depart odjeżdżać get to your destination dotrzeć do celu Journey podróż luggage bagaż passenger pasażer passport paszport pay in full zapłacić pełną kwotę (use) public transport korzystać z transportu publicznego sandy beaches piaszczyste plaże tour guide przewodnik t[ip podróż, wycieczka valid ticket ważny bilet voyage podróż morska, rejs Air travel
air-bag poduszka powietrzna boot bagażnik driver kierowca driving licence prawo jazdy hitchhike podróżować autostopem motorway autostrada tyre opona
airline linia lotnicza airport lotnisko baggage reclaim odbiór bagażu boarding card karta pokładowa check-in desk stanowisko odprawy
take/sit the driving test zdawać egzamin na prawo jazdy travel by bus podróżować autobusem Sea travel.
crewzałoga
departure gate wyjście (do samolotu), bramka departures board tablica odlotów flight lot fliglit attendant steward, stewardesa gate bramka land lądować passport control kontrola paszportowa pilot pilot take off startować Useful Phrases board a piane wejść na pokład samolotu book a ticket zarezerwować bilet check in (our) luggage zgłosić (nasz) bagaż do odprawy collect your luggage odebrać bagaż
depart from odlecieć z fasten your seatbelt zapiąć pas get on a helicopter wsiąść do helikoptera
200
na inny
pociąg
conductor konduktor; kierownik pociągu
couchette kuszetka one way/return ticket bilet w jedną stronę I bilet powrotny platform peron ticket 1nspector kontroler biletów tracks tory kolejowe underground stat1on stacja metra Useful phrases
catch a train złapać pociąg, zdążyć na pociąg commute to work dojeżdżać do pracy travel by train podróżować pociągiem
wait on a platform na peronie Road travel
czekać
Usefu/ phrases
catch a bus złapać autobus, zdążyć na autobus drive sb to school/work podwieźć kogoś do szkoły/pracy give sb a lift podwieźć kogoś take a car/taxi jechać samochodem I wziąć taksówkę
captain kapitan dock dok port port sail żeglować Usefu/ phrases
board a boat wejść na pokład lodzi stop at different ports zawijać do różnych portów travel along the coast podróżować wzdłuż wybrzeża
Types of holidays activity holiday czynny wypoczynek beach holiday wakacje nad morzem camping holiday wakacje pod namiotem city break krótka wycieczka do miasta cruise rejs wycieczkowy package holiday wakacje zorganizowane safari safari skiing holiday wyjazd na narty
buy souvenirs kupować pamiątki eat at top class restaurants jeść w najlepszych restauracjach en1oy nature cieszyć się naturą go on foot chodzić pieszo go sightseeing zwiedzać ride a bike jeździć na rowerze send postcards wysyłać widokówki sit by the pool siedzieć przy basenie take photographs robić :zdjęcia, fotografować
try/eat local dishes próbować miejscowych potraw I jeść miejscowe potrawy visit museums :zwiedzać muzea
room service obsługa pokoi hotelowych single/double/twin room pokój dla jednej osoby I dla dwóch osób I pokój z dwoma pojedynczymi łóżkami
Complete the sentences with the sets of words below.
book a hotel room zarezerwować pokój w hotelu check availability sprawdzić, czy są,_ wolne miejsca w hotelu confirm your booking potwierdzić
Before aeroplanes were invented, the . from England to Australia took over four months by ship. All the family went on a day.
rezerwację
obsługę pokojową
stay at a hotel :zatrzymać w hotelu Problems on holiday
„ „ . „ „ „ .. „ „ . „ . „ . „
to
the zoo last weekend. We had an awful „ . „ .. „ . „ „ „ . „ „ „ .. „ „ from Oxford
zamówić się
to London - aur car broke down twice! Lisa would really lik2 to „ .. „ .. „ ... „ „ „ . „ •. „ . abroad.
Adjectives
active aktywny amaz1ng niezwykły,
" departed • arrived " took off • landed wyjątkowy,
The ferry
:zdumiewający
boring nudny cheap tani disappointing rozczarowujący exciting ekscytujący expensive drogi fascinating fascynujący relaxing relaksujący thrilling pasjonujący, fascynujący Holiday equipment
crowded delayed flight opóźniony lot fully-booked hotel hotel, w którym wszystkie miejsca są :zarezerwowane get food-poisoning nabawić się zatrucia pokarmowego get sunburnt dostać oparzenia
backpack plecak binoculars lornetka compass kompas first-aid kit zestaw pierwszej pomocy gloves rękawiczki hiking boots buty turystyczne ski mask kominiarka narciarska sleeping bag śpiwór tent namiot waterproof jacket kurtka przeciwdeszczowa Holiday accommodation
lose your luggage/passport zgubić bagaż/ paszport miss a flight spóźnić się na samolot out-of-date passport nieważny paszport rude staff/personnel nieuprzejmy personel terrible accommodation okropne warunki zakwaterowania terrible view straszny widok Tourism
Bed and Breakfast (B&B) :zakwaterowanie ze śniadaniem
campsite obozowisko, pole namiotowe caravan przyczepa kempingowa chalet domek letniskowy five-star hotel hotel pięciogwiazdkowy
skyscraper wieżowiec villa rezydencja wiejska, dom letni youth hostel schronisko młodzieżowe
At a hotel breakfast included ze śniadaniem date of arrival data przyjazdu English·breakfast śniadanie angielskie (zwykle z jajkami na bekonie i tostami) en suite bathroom przyległa łazienka
Internet access dostęp do Internetu live entertainment występy na żywo reception area recepcja
from the port at 9 am
and rose high up into the clouds. 7 The piane „ „ .. „ . „ . „ .. „ „ „ „ 15 minutes ago, so the passengers will be out soon. „ ... „ . „ •• „ „ . „ „ . „ . „ .. at aur destination half an
" lost • missed • got • had 9 Brian woke up late and
his flight. Emma . „ ...• „ „ „ . . . . . . . . . . . her passport so she wasn't allowed to board the piane. Phil .... „ .• „ „ „ . „ . „ .. „ .. sunburnt because he stayed out~thesuntoo~ng.
„ Prepositions Fill in: in, on or by. travel ................. bike/bus/car/plane/train go . „ ••.•• „ „ .•. „ foot travel „ . . . . . . „. „ „ .. a bus/plane/train . „ . „ . „ .• „
.. „
a taxi/car/helicopter
call out (sb's name) wykr-:zyknąć (czyjeś imię)
(ochronę) I przejść (komrolę paszportową)
hop on (a bus) wskoczyć (do autobusu) set off wyruszyć set out wyruszyć
night. 3 Don't forget to „ „ „ „ „ your seatbelt before you start the car. 4 I gat a 10% discount because I my piane tickets online. 5 l've had ten lessons naw, so I think l'm ready to . „ „ . „ „ . „ „ „ the driving test. 6 lf you're feeling hungry, we could room service.
7 Peter always
„ „ .. „ „ „ „ „ . „ „ the number 76 bus to getto work in the morning. 8 After they gat off the piane, they „. „.
their luggage at baggage reclaim.
Choose the correct word. Do I need to show my boarding card when I go 2 3 4 5 6
centre after my car broke down.
1O What time does the piane
through/over passport control? We stood in the queue to check in/out aur luggage. Bill is waiting for his train on/under the platform. Did you stay at/on a nice hotel in Paris? The train departs from/at the station in an hour. Could you drive me to/at the airport, please?
at
Amsterdam Airport?
„ „ •. „ .. „ .. „ . „ „ „
I didn't really enjoy the flight - I .. a terrible headache.
get
Lenny prefers to public transport rather than to drive to work. Nick . „ „ . „ .. „ . „ „ food poisoning and was sick all
9 I asked Nick to ... „ . „ „ „ . „ . „ „ . me a lift to the city
hour late.
Phrasal verbs
check out (of a hotel) wymeldować się (z hotelu) drop (sb) off at wysadzić (kogoś) w, podrzucić (kogoś) do go through (security/passport control) przejść przez
2
8 We
słonecznego
bring money into an area's economy :zapewniać dopływ pieniędzy lokalnej gospodarce disturb wildlife zakłócać funkcjonowanie środowiska naturalnego do damage szkodzić have dramatic effects mieć dramatyczny wpływ improve the quality of one's life poprawić jakość swojego życia
„ „ „ „ „ . „ „ „ •. „ . „ . „
and arrived at the island at noon. Jane felt excited as the piane „ „ . „ . „ . „ ... „ „ „ . „ . „ .
Fill in the gaps with the verbs in their correct form. • book • collect • catch • fasten ° give • get • take • land • use • order
• trip • travel • journey • voyage
Useful phrases
order room servlCe
4
5
Fill in: change, commute, va/id, underground, public, get.
This photo shows same people on the platform of an 1) „ •• „ . „ ... „ ...... „ ... „ „ station. They are waiting for the train to come. The train is approaching slowly and is about to stop. The people are probably going to work as a lot of workers nowdays use the train to 2) „ . „ „ .• „ „ ... „ „ . „ . „ „ to work. Same might even have to 3) ... „ . „ .. „ . „ „ •. „ „ . „ „ „ . „ . trains in order to 4) . „ ..... „ .. „ ... „ . „ .. „ . „ to their destination. All of them though need to carry a 5) ........ „ •• „ •• „ .. „ .. „ •. ticket to be able to use 6) .. „ . „ .. „ „ . „ .• „ „ „ . „ . „ . transport.
201
Music album album płytowy classical klasyczny group zespół muzyczny lyrics słowa, tekst piosenki musician muzyk recording studio studio nagrań rock band zespól rockowy lnstruments cello wiolonczela double bass kontrabas drums perkusja flute flet guitar gitara harp ha1ia percussion perkusja, instrumenty perkusyjne saxophone saksofon string tu: instrument strunowy tambourine tamburyn trumpet trąbka viola altówka, wiola violin skrzypce wind tu: instrument dęty xylophone ksylofon People in music band zespół muzyczny bassist basista choir chór composer kompozytor conductor dyrygent drummer perkusista musician muzyk orchestra orkiestra percussionist perkusista planist pianista singer śpiewak, piosenkarz string quartet kwartet smyczkowy tenor tenor trumpeter trębacz Venues arena arena concert hall sala koncertowa operą house opera Events concert koncert ensemble zespół festival festiwal gig występ performance przedstawienie, spektakl tour tournee, trasa objazdowa Usefu/ verbs/phrases
get good reviews otrzymać dobre recenzje perform a live show występować nafywo play an instrument grać na instrumencie sing a solo śpiewać partię solową tune strings on a (guitar, violin) stroić (gitarę, skrzypce) whistle a tune gwizdać melodię Litera tu re author autor biography biografia chapter rozdział character postać
202
contents
treść, zawartość,
spis
treści
crime tu: kryminalny fiction/non-fiction beletrystyka I literatura faktu folk/fairy tale podanie ludowe I bajka front/back cover pierwsza/ czwarta strona okładki gripping plot wciągająca fabuła hero bohater myth mit narrator narrator novel powieść novelist powieściopisarz play sztuka poem wiersz poetry poezja reader czytelnik short story nowela title tytuł volume tom writer pisarz Usefu/ Phrases
based on the life (of sb) na podstawie życiorysu (danej osoby) get a good press otrzymać dobrą prasę
have an unexpected twist mieć nieoczekiwany zwrot akcji have a tragic end mieć tragiczny koniec read a novel czytać powieść read stories czytać opowiadania Theatre box office kasa biletowa cast obsada costume kostium front row pierwszy rząd interval przerwa, antrakt play sztuka teatralna reservation rezerwacja script scenariusz seat miejsce stage scena usher osoba sadzająca widzów (w teatrze) Usefu/ Phrases
audition for a role przesłuchanie do danej roli book/reserve tickets rezerwować bilety capture sb's attention przyciągnąć czyjąś uwagę
collect your tickets odebrać bilety come onto (the stage) wyjść (na scenę) do a one-man show wystawiać sztukę dla jednego aktora, monodram forget/remember lines zapomnieć/ pamiętać swoją rolę
look in the audience patrzyć w kierunku publiczności step onto the stage wyjść na scenę take a bow ukłonić się walk into the spotlight wejść w światło reflektora
action tu: film akcji actor aktor adventure przygoda animated film film animowany autograph autograf cast obsada comedy komedia direct!director reżyserować/ reżyser
horror horror premiere premiera producer producent romance film o milości, romans scene scena science-fiction fantastyka naukowa, science fiction sound effects efekty dżwiękowe spec1al effects efekty specjalne Usefu/ phrases
jump out of one's seat podskoczyć na swoim miejscu role is played by sb rola grana jest przez star in a (movie) występować (w filmie) the film will premiere at/on premiera filmu odbędzie się w...
use special effects stosować efekty specjalne watch a film premiere oglądać premierę filmu The media chat show talk show documentary film dokumentalny drama dramat episode epizod fictional fikcyjny network sieć news wiadomości quiz show teleturniej series serial sitcom sitcom (serial komediowy nagrywany z udziałem publiczności)
soap opera opera mydlana television tu: telewizyjny viewer widz Useful Phrases
be addicted to a show być uzależnionym od danego programu telewizyjnego be set in tu: (o serialu) akcja dzieje się w have a record audience tu: mieć rekordową oglądalność
watch you1 (favourite show) oglądać swój (ulubiony program) Visual arts animation animacja brush tu: pędzel malarski canvas płótno malarskie cartoon kreskówka exhibition wystawa gallery galeria sztuki graffiti graffiti
landscape pejzaż masterpiece arcydzieło oil paint farba olejna painter malarz painting obraz photograph fotografia, zdjęcie portrait portret sculpture rzeźba sketch szkic statue posąg. statua stili life martwa natura Usefu/ Phrases
go to an art exhibition iść na wystawę sztuki have an original painting mieć oryginalny obraz make a life-size statue wykonać posąg naturalnej wielkości organise an art performance organizować wydarzenie artystyczne
4 Fill in: animated, excellent, gripping, sound, specia/. Shrek is a(n) ...................... film that chi Id ren love watching. A(n) ...................... cast of actors carne together to make this film a success. The film used .................... effects to make it seem like the boy was flying. Once the .................... effects and actors' voices are added, the animation will be complete. The book had such a(n) .................... plot, that I couldn't stop reading it.
Phrasal verbs
Choose the correct word. The starring role/character is played by Nicole Kidman. The reader/audience screamed when the actress playing the witch appeared on stage. The story has a dull/tragic end when the piane crashes on a mountain. The book is based on/set in the life of Charlie Chaplin. The script/cast of the film includes some of the hottest names in Hollywood. The plot has an unexpected twist/swift when little Emma finds out the truth.
put on (a show/production) przygotowywać (program telewizyjny. przedstawienie) take (your eyes) off the screen oderwać (oczy) od ekranu
5
6
The whole audience rose and applauded as the actress stepped into/onto the stage. Offside was a film about/for football. Several young actors auditioned in/for the role. She was excited as it was her first visit to/at the theatre. Everyone cheered when the singer walked into/ anto the spotlight. There are four acts in/at the play. What are you in the mood about/for, sciencefiction or comedy? The director worked very closely with/from his crew behind the scenes. This chat show gets the audience to take part in/on the performance. The bow a violinist uses is made of/about wood. You should book your ballet tickets well at/in advance. Was there a reason behind/above the director's decision to stop filming?
tells the actors what to do A film .......... while the .................... deals with the finances of the film. (producer/director) A novel is written by a(n) .................... , but a(n) .... ................ writes the script for a film. {author/screenwriter) She was to appear in the opening .................... of the play, so she felt quite nervous before walking on to the ..................... {stage/scene) Just as the .... ................ had shown us to our seats, the .................... appeared and instructed the violinists to begin. (usher/conductor) The .................... played some soft, background music while the .................... we re preparing to take their stage positions. {orchestra/cast) Some of the .................... waited outside the arena hoping for the singer to sign some ..................... {autographs/audience)
" Phrasal verbs
5 2
4
(zakończenie)
(książkę)
4
3
come out (on DVD) ukazać się (na DVD) give away (the ending) zdradzić pick up (your tickets) odebrać (bilety) put (a book) down odłożyć
3
Words often confused
Adjectives
breathtaking zapierający dech w piersiach cultural kulturalny entertaining zabawny frightening przerażający funny śmieszny, zabawny landmark charakterystyczny obiekt predictable przewidywalny realistic realistyczny sad smutny scary przerażający shocking szokujący thrilling ekscytujący tragic tragiczny unbelievable niewiarygodny
2
Fill in the gaps with the correct words in brackets.
5
Choose the correct word. Brad Pitt's latest film is coming up/out on DVD later this month. The storyline was so fascinating that I couldn't put the book down/out. The rock band is putting on/up a concert to raise money for charity. He was so absorbed in the film that he couldn't take his eyes from/off the screen. Tell me what the book is about without giving away/off the ending.
" Verb phrases
6
Fill in the gaps with: captured, got, had, jump,
reaches, whist/ed.
2 3 4 5 6
The performance .. .. .... ... ......... a breathtaking climax when the full chorus joins in. The play .................... the audience's attention from the first minute. He .................... to the music on his iPod as he walked down the road. Her Iatest novel .................... very good reviews. That horror film made me .................... out of my seat! lt was so scary! The wildlife documentary .................. a profound influence on my attitude towards wild cats.
203
badminton badminton baseball baseball basketball, basketball player koszykówka, koszykarz/ koszykarka boxing, boxer boks, bokser/-ka canoeing kajakarstwo cricket krykiet cycling, cyclist kolarstwo, kolarz fishing wędkarstwo football, footballer piłka nożna,
i
piłkarz/piłkarka
il
golf, golfer golf, golfista/golfistka gymnastics gimnastyka sportowa handball piłka ręczna hockey hokej na trawie horse-riding jeździectwo ice hockey hokej ice-skating, ice-skater
11
li
i
łyżwiarstwo, łyżwiarz/ łyżwiarka
kayaking kajakarstwo motor racing/racer wyścigi motocyklowe I zawodnik startujący w wyścigach motocyklowych rock climbing wspinaczka skalna scuba diving nurkowanie z akwalungiem ski, skier jeździć na nartach, narciarz/narciarka swimming, swimmer pływanie, pływak/pływaczka
table tennis tenis stołowy water polo wodne polo - weightlifting, weightlifter podnoszenie ciężarów, zawodnik uprawiający podnoszenie ciężarów volleyball siatkówka Track & field sports athletics lekkoatletyka discus dysk high jump skok wzwyż hurdles bieg przez płotki javelin oszczep, rzut oszczepem long jump skok w dal pole vault skok o tyczce relay sztafeta sprint sprint Types of sports individual sports sporty indywidualne indoor sports sporty halowe outdoor sports/games sporty uprawiane na wolnym powietrzu team sports sporty drużynowe
goal bramka, gol goggles tu: okulary pływackie kit zestaw car wiosło pad ochraniacz, nakolannik, nagolennik paddle wiosło parachute spadochron puck krążek hokejowy racket rakieta tenisowa reel kołowrotek rod wędka rope lina running shoes adidasy saddle siodło snorkel rurka, fajka (do nurkowania) stick kij hokejowy swimming costume/trunks kostium pływacki/kąpielówki weights ciężary whistle gwizdek Verbs
attend
uczęszczać, przychodzić,
uczestniczyć
w
beat pobić catch złapać celebrate świętować cheer wiwatować compete współzawodniczyć defeat pokonać head tu: skierować do bramki hit uderzyć kick kopnąć pass podać throw rzucić Nouns
amateur amato1; amatorski anthem hymn (opening) ceremony ceremonia (otwarcia) extra time doliczony czas gry final/semi-final finał/półfinał finish line linia mety first half pierwsza połowa fitness sprawność fizyczna game gra injury kontuzja kick-off rozpoczęcie meczu leisure czas wolny, wypoczynek local miejscowy match mecz (bronze/silver/gold) medal (brązowy/srebrny/złoty)
medal penalty kara, punkty karne point punkt (physical) strength siła (fizyczna) yellow/red card żółta/czerwona kartka
Basic equipment
i
I'
bali piłka basket kosz bat kij baseballowy bicycle rower boots buty cap tu: czepek pływacki club tu: kij golfowy flippers płetwy
204
Adjectives
competitive tu: wyczynowy excitedlexciting podekscytowany I ekscytujący
extreme ekstremalny fit w dobrej formie major główny memorable pamiętny
popular popularny spectacular widowiskowy sporty wysportowany talented utalentowany thrilling ekscytujący Events championship mistrzostwa London Marathon Maraton Londyński
motor race wyścigi samochodowe Olympic Games igrzyska olimpijskie semi-finals półfinaly Winter Olympics zimowe igrzyska olimpijskie World Cup mistrzostwa świata Places in sport arena arena climbing wali ścianka wspinaczkowa course tu: pole golfowe court kort field boisko gym siłownia pitch boisko pool basen plywacki ring ring bokserski (ice) rink lodowisko running track bieżnia stadium stadion People in sport champion mistrz. czempion coach trener competitor zawodnik fan kibic goalkeeper bramkarz manager menedżer opponent przeciwnik, rywal personal trainer osobisty trener record holder rekordzista referee sędzia. arbiter spectator widz striker napastnik team-mate kolega/koleżanka z d.-użyny umpire sędzia, arbiter Usefu/ phrases
be afraid of heights
mieć lęk
wysokości
beat/lose to (an opponent) pokonać (rywala) I przegrać (z rywalem) be disappointed with sth być zawiedzionym z powodu ... be/get in shape być w dobrej formie I uzyskać dobrą formę be on the winning/losing side wygrywać/przegrywać
break/set a (world) record pobić/ ustanowić rekord (świata) climb a mountain wspinać się na jakiś szczyt cross the finish line minąć linię mety do sth for fun robić coś dla zabawy
get a chance to do sth uzyska szansę. aby czegoś doko get injured doznać kontuzji have a chance to do sth mieć szansę. aby czegoś doko have an accident ulec wypadk have a talent mieć talem host an event/a tournament b udział w wydarzeniu sportowym I turnieju join a sports club zapisać się do klubu sportowego keep fit utrzymywać formę make progress (in) robić postępy (w) make the best of sth wykorzystać coś najlepiej ride a bike jeździć na rowerze score a goal so-zelić gola stay in the lead utrzymać się na prowadzeniu take part in
nie spieszyć się throw a bali rzucić piłkę win/lose the match wygrać/przegrać mecz Phrasa/ verbs
call off odwołać carry on kontynuować give up poddać się go in for lubić (np. jakiś sport), zająć się (np. sportem) join in zapisać się (np. do klubu sportowego) knock (sb) out tu: Znt)kaiuwwać. ···.>}I: kick off tu: rozpoczynać grę pull off zdobyć (zwycięstwo) pull out wycofać się put off odłożyć, przełożyć put up with znosić kogoś/coś take up (a sport) zacząć uprawiać Gakiś sport) warm up rozgrzać się ldioms be a long shot być outsiderem keep your eye on the bali koncentrować się na piłce saved by the bell dosł. uratowany. przez dzwonek (np. o bokserze, który ostatki sił dotrwał do końca rundy) whole new bali game nowa sytuacja, inna sprawa win by a hair's breadth wygrać owies
,••
"' Verb pl1rases Complete the sentences with the right word from the list. o
have • cross
o
broke
o
join
o
4
Fill in the right verb. • take • have • make • get
stayed • hosts
The famous athlete ........ „ .................... the world record in the last Olympic games. Bath children ............................ an active interest in water sports. Wimbledon ......................... a tennis tournament every year in late June. 4 The runner used the last of his energy to ......................... the finish line in first place. The racing driver in the Ferrari has ....................... . in the lead since the race began. Sam decided to .............................. the loca I sports club to get in shape again.
~l
{partin 1) ... ... ...... . .. pleasure in (doing sth) your time (doing sth) ·-/ in shape 2) . . . . . . . . .. . .. . . {
4) ............... {
Cross the odd word out. gold - whistle - silver - bronze track - pitch - field - sprint tennis - rugby - cricket - ice-hockey paddle - parachute - rope - first-half race - match - squash - tournament indoor - outdoor - team - trophy
:~~;:~~~;)
Phrasal verbs
5
Fill in: personal, red, free, climbing, extra, a/1-around, pole, swimming, running.
progress (in) the best of (sth) { the time to (do)
a chance to (do sth)
Collocations
The only equipment you need to go wind surfing is a surfboard and your ........................ costume. lnexperienced climbers are only allowed to practjse on the indoor ........................ w all. Every afternoon, Lisa goes jogging on the ........................ track around the stadium. Yo ur ........................ trainer will tell you what exercises can help you lose weight. In 2004, a Russian athlete won the gold medal in the ........................ vault. The footballer gat a(n) ........................ card for aggressive behaviour and had to leave the pitch. Swimming is a great ........................ exercise that uses many muscles in your body. The player was fouled so the referee awarded his team a(n) ........................ kick. The game finjshed 1-1 so they had to play ........................ time to find a win ner.
~~~~~ue~
3) . . . . . . . . . .. . ..
2 3 4 5 6 7 8
o
Choose the correct word. The tournament kicked/went off with a match between the host nation and the world champions. The referee call/called off the match till next week because of the snow. lf you don't look/pull out, you'll skate into someone else. The runner had to put/take up with heavy wind and rain to complete the marathon. The cyclist managed to bring/carry on racing after what seemed like a serious crash. Look at those boys playing football! Do you want to ask if we can join/give in? The cup final was brought/run forward an hour at the request of the sponsors. Carl is calling/going in for both the 1OO and 200 metres.
ldioms
6 2 3 4 5
Choose the right word. He had been a successful basketball player, but being a coach was a whole new ball game/play. The goal keeper had to keep his eye/hand on the ball so as not to concede a goal. lt was a dramatic race, and in the very last minute the leading car won by a hair's width/ breadth. The football team was saved by the bell/ring when the referee whistled the end of the first half. Wawrinka is a long pass/shot to beat Federer in tomorrow's final in Wimbledon.
205
active lifestyle aktywny tryb życia avoid stress unikać stresu brush your teeth myć zęby do regular exerclse ćwiczyć regularnie drink eight glasses of water a day pić osiem szklanek wody dziennie eat healthily zdrowo się odżywiać follow a sensible diet przestrzegać rozsądnej diety get enough sleep ""sypiać się join a health club zapisać się do fitness klubu keep fit utrzymywać dobrą formę lose weight schudnąć nutrition żywienie obese otyły obesity otyłość overweight z nadwagą physical fitness forma fizyczna put on weight przytyć stay in shape utrzymywać się w dobrej formie stop smoking rzucić palenie take up aerobics zacząć uprawiać aerobik take vitamin pills brać tabletki witaminowe unhealthy habits niezdrowe nawyki injuries
Usefu/ phrases break a bone złamać kość bruise your eye podbić sobie oko bum your hand poparzyć sobie rękę
cut your finger skaleczyć się w palec deep/minor cut głębokie/lekkie :zranienie dislocate your shoulder wybić sobie bark get stitches mieć założone szwy give first aid udzielać pierwszej pomocy hit your head uderzyć się w głowę pull a muscle naciągnąć sobie mięsień
sprain your ankle/wrist skręcić sobie kostkę/nadgarstek twist your ankle/wrist skręcić sobie kostkę/nadgarstek lllnesses allergy alergia backache ból pleców chicken pox ospa wietrzna cold przeziębienie concussion wstrząśnienie mózgu (the) fiu grypa
206
food poisoning zatrucie pokarmowe heart attack atak serca high blood pressure wysokie ciśnienie krwi insomnia bezsenność virus wirus
Useful phrases be addicted to być uzależnionym od be allergic to mieć alergię na catch a cold złapać przeziębienie get over (a cold) dojść do siebie po (przeziębieniu) make an appointment to see umówić się na spotkanie z recover from (the fiu) dojść do siebie po (grypie) stay in bed leżeć w łóżku suffer from (an illness) być chorym na take your blood pressure/temperature zmierzyć sobie ciśnienie krwi I temperaturę
to treat sb's (illness) leczyć
cream krem crutches kule cure lekarstwo heal leczyć, goić się injection zastrzyk nasal spray krople do nosa w sprayu operation operacja painkillers środki przeciwbólowe plaster gips rest odpoczywać, tu: nie nadwerężać
sling temblak stitch szew treat leczyć The body artery tętnica, arteria back plecy brain mózg heart serce liver wątroba lung płuco organ narząd spine kręgosłup stornach żołądek vein żyła
chorobę
write a prescription for wypisać receptę
Symptoms ache ból a (high) temperature (wysoka) temperatura blurred eyesight/vision nieostre widzenie cough kaszel fever gorączka headache ból głowy hiccups czkawka pain ból have a runny nose cieknie (mi) z nosa have a sore throat boli (mnie) gardło
stornach ache ból brzucha toothache ból zęba unconscious nieprzytomny upset stornach rozstrój żołądka
Usefu/ phrases break out in a rash pokryć się wysypką
feel dizzy mieć zawroty głowy feel light-headed kręcić się w głowie feel sick mieć nudności feel weak czuć się słabo
Disabilities amputee osoba po amputacji blind niewidomy deaf niesłyszący guide dog pies przewodnik hard of hearing niedosłyszący hearing aid aparat słuchowy learning difficulties trudności z uczeniem się mentally/physically disabled niepełnosprawny umysłowo/fizycznie
mentaVphysical disability niepełnosprawność umysłowa/fizyczna
mute niemowa prosthetic limb proteza kończyny read lips odczytywać mowę z ruchu warg sign language język migowy visually impaired z zaburzeniami wzroku wheelchair access (obiekt) przystosowany dla wózków inwalidzkich white cane biała laska używana przez osoby niewidome Addictions addictive/illegal substances substancje uzależniające/nielegalne
Treatments antibiotics antybiotyki cough syrup syrop na kaszel
alcohol/drug abuse nadużywanie alkoholu/narkotyków alcoholic alkoholik/alkoholiczka alcoholism alkoholizm
binge drinking biba, popijawa caffeine addict osoba uzależnia od kofeiny drug addict narkoman drunk pijak/pijaczka eating disorder zaburzenie
111
Prepositions
Fill in the gaps with the correct prepositions: from, in, under, on, around, to.
odżywiania
gambling hazard Internet addict osoba uzależniona od Internetu shopping addict osoba uzależniona od robienia zakupów Medical professions dentist stomatolog doctor lekarz/lekarka nurse pielęgniarz/pielęgniarka paramedic sanitarius:z/-ka specialist specjalista, specjalistka surgeon chirurg
2
3 4
s 6
Bill stays „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ .. „ shape by eating healthily and doing regular exercise. Sandra caught a virus that was going . „ „ . „ . „ „ „ „ .. „ „ . and couldn't come to school. Valerie has been feeling „. the weather for the past few days. Has Lisa recovered „ „ .. „ „ .. „ „ . the fiu she had yet? Jack is addicted „ „ . „ „ „ „ „ „ „ .• „ . cigarettes. The surgeon concentrates very hard when he's „ „ .. „ ... his patients. operating „ „ „
2
Choose the correct word.
1 Katy has recently taken/got up step aerobics.
2 Valerie went to the chemist's to pick/collect up a
Phrasal verbs
6
3 4
5
(receptę)
2 3
4
5 6
8
5
My doctor advised me to follow a sensible diet/nutrition and exercise regularly. lt took Ken a week to fully recover/rest from the flu. You need to make a(n) meeting/appointment with a specialist. The doctor wrote me a prescription/receipt for some medicine for my cough. Lenny is blind/deaf so he communicates through sign language. The surgeons walked calmly into the operating theatre/ward. lt took a few months for the wound on her hand to cure/heal completely. Whenever Terry eats nuts, he gets a terrible rash/fever all over his body.
Fill in: vitamin, backache, patients, obese, sleep, al/ergie.
25 per cent of people are „ „ to some type of food. 2 Adults should get between 6-8 hours of „ „ „ „ „ . „ „ „ „ . . . . every night. 3 A red pepper has more „ „ „ „ „ . „ . . „ „ „ „ C than an orange.
3
Fill in: /ose, gave, avoid, read, sprain, take, keeps, beat, catch, use. Put on your winter coat so you don't .. „ „ „ „ „ „ „ .
2 3
przytomność
put on weight przytyć rely on (sb) polegać na (kimś) take out stitches wyjąć, usunąć szwy work out (at the gym) ćwiczyć (na siłowni)
prescription. Peter is a doctor who you can trust/rely on. Dennis has took/put on a lot of weight lately. Bill hurt his head when he bumped/hit into a lamp post. When Debra saw the blood she thought she was going to fali/pass out.
Col/ocations
żywności)
pick up (a prescription) wziąć
Choose the correct word.
7
ambulance karetka pogotowia operate operować operating theatre sala operacyjna patient pacjent surgery operacja warci oddział X-ray prześwietlenie
fight off zwalczyć get over dojść do siebie po chorobie let up pass out :zemdleć, stracić
4
" Phrasal verbs
The hospital
bump into wpaść na check (sth) out sprawdzić (coś) come back wrócić come down with (sth) :zachorować na cut down (on sth) ograniczać (np. spożycie niezdrowej
" Words often confused
4
s 6 7 8 9 1o
a cold. Helen is deaf but she can „ .. „ „ .. „ ... „ lips to understand what people are saying. After Liam broke his leg, he had to ... „ ••... „ „ „ . crutches to get around. Sandra . „ „ .•. „ „ .• „ . fit by jogging in the park every morning. Terry „ „ „ .. „ „ ••. „ first aid to the injured driver. Lucy has given up fried food in order to „ „ .. „ . „ .• „ „ weight. lt took me years to finally .. „ . „ •. „ . „ „. my addiction and stop eating sweets. You should wear padding so you don't „ „ . „ .•. „ ... „ your wrist if you fall off your skateboard. The doctor will „. „ .. „ •. „ „ „ yo ur blood pressure during your health exam. Mrs Carey's doctor warned her to „ „ .„ „ „. „ „. stress if she didn't want to end up back in the hospital.
4 According to a study in 201 O, over half of Europeans are overweight or „ „ „ „ „ „ . „ „ .. „ „ . • 5 On average, general practitioners spend 18 minutes with each of their „ .. „ „ „ „ „ „ „ .. „ „ • 6 8 out of 1O people su ffer from .. at same time in their lives.
ldioms
6
Choose the correct word. You need a few days in bed to recharge your
engine/batteries. 2 Bill's feeling a bit under the weather/climate today, so he won't go to school. 3 Ben smokes a packet of cigarettes a day, but he's trying to kick/hit the habit. 4 A cup of camomile tea will do you the earth/ world of good. s Tracy was the picture/photo of health when she carne back from her holiday. 6 I felt iii yesterday but today l'm right as suni rain. 7 There's nothing wrong with Sue; she's as fit as a fiddle/flute!
207
analysis analiza archaeologist archeolog archaeology archeologia astronomer astronom astronomy astronomia biologist biolog biology biologia chemist chemik chemistry chemia conclusion wniosek, konkluzja data dane evidence dowód experiment eksperyment, doświadczenie
findings wyniki eksperymentów formula wzó1; formula geologist geolog geology geologia hypothesis hipoteza inventor wynalazca linguist językoznawca linguistics językoznawstwo mathematioan matematyk mathematics matematyka observations obserwacje psychologist psycholog psychology psychologia research badania researcher badacz sociologist socjolog sociology socjologia zoologist zoolog zoblogy zoologia
Usefu/ phrases be an expert on/in być ekspe11:em w dziedzinie.„ collect information gromadzić informacje come to a conclusion dojść do wniosku confirm a theory potwierdzić teorię
discover a cure for (sth) odkryć lekarstwo na (coś) do research prowadzić badania exchange information wymieniać informacje explore space badać przestrzeń kosmiczną
face the facts stanąć w obliczu faktów find information uzyskać informacje get an award otrzymać nagrodę invent (sth) wynaleźć (coś) make a discovery odk1yć make predictions przewidywać perform experiments przeprowadzać
doświadczenia/ekspe1ymenty
Modern technology
2 08 air conditioner klimatyzator
calculator kalkulator CD/DVD płyta CD/DVD device urządzenie digital camera cyfrowy aparat fotograficzny digital music player cyfrowy odtwarzacz audio electric shaver golarka elektryczna hair dryer suszarka do włosów industry przemysł light bulb żarówka loudspeaker głośnik microchip mikroukład m1croscope mikroskop microwave oven kuchenka mikrofalowa mobile phone telefon komórkowy modern lifestyle nowoczesny styl życia
netbook netbook (mały przenośny komputer osobisty) portable DVD player przenośny odtwarzacz DVD postage stamp znaczek pocztowy remote control pilot robot robot satellite satelita satellite dish antena satelitarna smoke alarm czujnik dymu solar panel bateria słoneczna telephone telefon telescope teleskop television tu: telewizor thermostat termostat toaster toster vacuum cleaner odkurzacz video game gra wideo Mobile phones battery bateria case tu: etui charger ładowarka hands-free set samochodowy zestaw słuchawkowy keypad blok klawiszy, klawiatura pomocnicza screen ekran, wyświetlacz
Useful phrases check voice messages sprawdzić wiadomości głosowe
communicate with komunikować się z difference between (sth) różnica między (czymś)
how to assemble (sth) jak złożyć/zmontować (coś)
leave a message for (sb) zostawić wiadomość dla (kogoś) listen to musidto the radio słuchać muzyki/radia make a phone call zatelefonować play games/music grać w gry komputerowe, puszczać muzykę
send (SMS) text messages/(MMS) picture messages wysyłać wiadomości tekstowe (SMS) I wiadomości multimedialne (MMS) set the alarm clock ustawić budzik take photos/videos robić zdjęcia I kręcić filmy wideo upgrade (sth) modernizować, wprowadzać nową wersję
(np. oprogramowania) watch a movie oglądać film Computers antivirus programme/software program antywirusowy I oprogramowanie antywirusowe backup kopia zapasowa CD/DVD drive napęd CD/DVD document dokument, tu: w form.ie pliku email address adres e-mail keyboard klawiatura memory stick karta pamięci modem modem music compilations kompilacje różnych utworów muzycznych printer drukarka recycle bin pojemnik na odpady przeznaczone do recyklingu scanner skaner screen ekran, monito1; wyświetlacz · search engine wyszukiwarka software oprogramowanie speakers głośniki tower wieża USB port port USB virus wirus webcam kamera internetowa website witryna internetowa
Useful phrases access one's email account wejść do swojego konta mailowego attach photos/files załączyć zdjęcia/pliki
chat online rozmawiać za pośrednictwem Internetu click on (sth) kliknąć na comment on a blog skomentować coś na blogu connect (sth) to (sth) podlączyć (coś) do (czegoś) copy a file skopiować plik delete (sth) from usunąć (coś) z design a website zaprojektować witrynę internetową
do online shopping 1·obić zakupy w sieci download files pobierać/ściągać pliki install a programme zainstalować program
have access to (sth) mieć dostęp do lose (information/files) utracić (informacje/pliki) make a copy of (sth) zrobić kopię (czegoś)
make/keep backups zrobić/przechowywać kopie zapasowe open a file/email otworzyć plik/wiadomość e-mail print letters drukować listy reformat (a computer) ponownie sformatować (twardy dysk) reinstall (programmes) ponownie zainstalować (programy) remove (sth) from (sth) usunąć (coś) z (czegoś), np. dane z dysku restart restartować, uruchomić ponownie save (sth) onto a computer zachować (coś) w komputerze store information/files on a computer przechowywać informacje/pliki w komputerze stream live video udostępniać innym użytkownikom sieci relacje na żywo np. z tego co robimy w danej chwil, oglądać takie relacje surf the Net surfować po Internecie transfer (files) przesylać (pliki) type letters pisać listy na maszynie lub komputerze upload pictures przesyłać zdjęcia
Phrasal verbs break down zepsuć się carry out (an experiment) przeprowadzić (eksperyment) come up with (an idea) wpaść na pomysł cut off tu: odciąć zasilanie elekt1yczne, przerwać dostawę prądu
figure (sth) out tu: rozg1yżć, zrozumieć jak (coś) działa find out dowiedzieć się give off (heat/a smell) wydzielać (ciepło/zapach)
keep in touch (with sb) utrzymywać kontakt (z kimś) log on/off zalogować/wylogować się
plug in/into podłączyć do shut down wyłączyć sign in/out zalogować/ wylogować się
sign up tu: podpisać umowę switch on/off włączyć/wyłączyć take out wyjąć, usunąć tum on/off wlączyć/wylączyć
c
Fill in: web, important, exchange, surf, changed,
Prepositions
3
Choose the correct preposition.
computer, come, face, perform. The internet is one of the most inventions in the past 1OO years. Many scientists have ................ . with their discoveries.
There is a great demand for/from mobile phones. I had the choice to/of watching TV or reading a book. 3 What's the difference between/with MP3 and MP4? 2
the world
Bill and Mary were working on their chemistry project together, so they had to ................... . information about their research. Dr. Smith checks severa I .. ..... .. sites daily to read about current medical findings. He had to reformat his when it was infected with a virus. After school, Nicole likes to ..... „ ........ the net and chat to her friends on line. Let's ..................... „ ... facts, technology has made our lives easier. You should look at all the evidence carefully before you ....... „ ......... „...... to a conclusion about what happened.
4 5 6 7
8 9 1O
Words often confused
4
• log • come • find • giving • plugged • carry • cut • shut • tum • broke Frank took his car to the garage after it . ... .... ..... ... .... .... .. .. . down on the motorway. The students had everything that was needed to .. ... ..... .... ... .... ... ... .. out the experiment. The teacher had to ............................. up with an idea for the new biology project. My computer crashed when the power supply was ............................. off du ring the storm. Where can we . ... ..... .... ... ..... .... .. .. out more information on the solar system? ............................. off the TV! I am trying to read. You need a password to ............................. on to the system. 8 lt's better to .. ... .... .... .... .. .. .. ..... . your computer down when you are not using it. 9 The radio was not working because it was not ............................. in. 10 This gas heater is ............................. off a strange smell. I think you should have it checked out.
Choose the correct word. Gabriel
The class was anxious to ......................... . experiments with the chemicals in the lab.
Fill in the gaps with the correct word.
Sophia did not know how to communicate on/with people on a social networking site. All the information can be found of/on page 20. Laura and Susan promised they would keep with/in touch. Michael stored his documents in/on a memory stick. Josh left a message with/for his friend to call him. Mr. Peters is an expert in/with archaeology. Kate installed antivirus software on/in an attempt to protect her computer.
Fahrenheit
discovered/invented
the
mercury thermometer in 1714.
2 I know nothing about artificial/false intelligence. 3 Greg got a new electric/electricaf shaver. 4 Our science exam is going to take part/place on Friday. 5 How can our grandparents adjust to this modern/ recent lifestyle 7 6 He searched/looked the Web to find information about his distant relatives . 7 My washing device/machine isn't working. 8 The mobile phone business/industry has grown . 9 The researchers resulted/concluded that the disease spreads quicker in warm climates.
'" Verb phrases
5
Complete the sentences wj,th the verbs below. • make • check • comment • changed • stream The growth of the Internet has ... world in a dramatic way.
the
2 I just recharged my phone, so 1'11 ............... my voice messages to see who's called me. 3 There are various websites that allow you to ................ live videos for other people to watch . on someone's blog when I 4 I always . .... . disagree with what they've said. 5 Meteorologists use satellites to help them ................ predictions ab out the weather.
209
air pressure ciśnienie powietrza below zero poniżej zera blizzard zamieć, śnieżyca blustery porywisty boiling upalny, skwarny breeze wiaterek, bryza elear skies czyste niebo cloudy pochmurny cool chłodny downpour ulewa draught tu: podmuch drizzle mżawka fine (o pogodzie) pi~a foggy mglisty freezing mroźny frosty mrożny gale-force winds wichury heat wave fala upałów heavy rain ulewny deszcz hot gorący icy lodowaty mild climate klimat łagodny moderate climate klimat umiarkowany overcast pochmurny polar climate klimat polarny rain deszcz season pora roku shine świecić shower przelotny deszcz snow śnieg, (o śniegu) padać snowfall opad śniegu sunny słoneczny sunshine słońce (światło słoneczne)
temperate climate klimat umiarkowany tropical climate klimat tropikalny warm ciepły weather forecast prognoza pogody windy wietrzny Landscape beach plaża desert pustynia forest las lake jezioro mountain góra, szczyt river rzeka sea morze valley dolina waterfall wodospad Animals ant mrówka bald eagle bielik amerykański cat kot cowkrowa crocodile krokodyl deer jeleń dog pies dolphin delfin fty mucha goat koza guinea pig świnka morska hamster chomik hare zając honey bee pszczoła miodna iguana iguana, legwan
::
I I
210
insect owad jellyfish meduza kitten kociątko Komodo dragon waran z Komodo, smok z Komodo lamb jagnię leopard pantera, lampart mammal ssak mosquito komar panda panda penguin pingwin pig świnia piranha pirania polar bear niedżwiedź polarny puppy szczenię reptile gad seagull mewa sheep owca snail ślimak snake wąż trout pstrąg turtle żółw wodny whale wieloryb wildlife fauna i flora Parts of animals beak dziób claw pazur; szpon feather pióro fin płetwa fur futro hoof kopyto horn róg leg noga mouth tu: pysk scales łuski tai! ogon wing skrzydło Plants birch brzoza branch gałąź bush krzew, krzak daffodil żonkil daisy stokrotka flower kwiat grass trawa leaf liść lily lilia mapie klon oak dąb pine sosna tree drzewo trunk pień tulip tulipan twig gałązka Natura! disasters avalanche lawina blizzard zamieć, śnieżyca drought susza earthquake trzęsienie ziemi emergency serv1ces pomoc w nagłych wypadkach epidemie epidemia erupt (o wulkanie) wybuchać evacuate ewakuować evacuation ewakuacja extreme weather ekstremalna pogoda
famine głód flood powódź hailstorm burza gradowa hurricane huragan landslide osunięcie ziemi rescue ratować survivor uratowany. ocalony typhoon tajfun volcanic eruption wybuch wulkanu volcano wulkan wildfire szybko rozprzestrzeniający się ogień
Environmental problems/solutions acid rain kwaśny deszcz aerosol sprays substancje w aerozolu air pollution zanieczyszczenie powietrza breeding areas tereny lęgowe, lęgowiska
carbon footprint ślad węglowy climate change zmiana klimatu conservation programmes programy ochrony środowiska conserve electricity/water oszczędzać
elektryczność/wodę
deforestation wylesienie disappearing forests znikające lasy endangered species zagrożone gatunki energy waste marnowanie energii environmental awareness świadomość ekologiczna exhaust fumes spaliny samochodowe factory waste odpady przemysłowe
forest fires pożary lasów fossil fuels paliwa kopalne global warming globalne ocieplenie greenhouse gases gazy cieplarniane industrial waste odpady przemysłowe
landfill site wysypisko, składowisko odpadów melting ice caps topniejące czapy lodowe national parks parki narodowe natura! habitat środowisko naturalne natural resources zasoby naturalne nuclear emissions emisja substancji radioaktywnych oil spili wyciek ropy ozone layer warstwa ozonowa polluted beaches zanieczyszczone
Circle the odd word out. Landscape
street lamp lampa uliczna traffic lights światła uliczne underground station stacja metra urban landscape krajobraz miejski wood las
1 cold - chilly - cool - fine 2 hot - boiling - frosty - warm 3 climate - winter - autumn - spring 4 blustery - windy - breezy - icy 5 tropical - overcast - polar - temperate
wodę/paliwo
solar power energia słoneczna tap water woda z kranu
4
2
Phrasal verbs
2
3
Choose the correct verb.
4
Weather idioms be a breeze to pestka be all in a fog mieć zamęt w głowie cast a cloud over sth rzucać się cieniem na coś come rain or shine bez względu na pogodę lightning never strikes place twice taka rzecz może przytrafić się tylko raz w żydu save sth for a rainy day trzymać coś na czarną godzinę snowed under with sth być zawalonym (np. pracą) weather the storm dać sobie radę, przetrwać najgorsze
Animal idioms
3
4
5 6 7
a wolf in sheep's clothing wilk w owczej skórze crocodile tears krokodyle łzy eager beaver nadgorliwiec every dog has its day każdy ma w życiu swoje pięć minut let the cat out of the bag puścić farbę
like a bear with a sore head być złym jak osa like a fish out of water jak ryba wyjęta z wody take the bull by the byka za rogi
8
f.>Uf" a•'"" ,,'fecf\U
3
3
się, przejaśnić
cut down on ograniczyć spożycie czegoś
die down tu: (o wietrze) ucichnąć face up to stawić czoło, sprostać put out ugasić throw away wyrzucić use up zużyć
Two-thirds of the world's natura! resources have already been used/made up. The weather is supposed to clean/clear up in the afternoon. The storm finally died/slowed down and we were able to leave the car. We have to head/face up to the fact that aur planet is being destroyed. lt took the firemen days to took/put out the forest fire. Bill is trying to cut/stop down on the amount of water he uses each day. Tara never puts/throws away something that can be recycled. The environmental group are calling/demanding for new laws to protect endangered species.
Collocations
2
Phrasal verbs call for tu: wzywać do, elear Up tu: (o pogodzie)
2
4 5 6
pla~e
recycle przetwarzać recycling bins pojemniki na odpady przeznaczone do recyklingu renewable energy energia odnawialna save water/fuel oszczędzać
'" Words often confused
7 8
Fill in: industria/, climate, fossi/, polluted, recycling, landfill, top, solar. They organised a campaign to clean up the .......................... beaches. Bill's house has panels on the roof that use .......................... power to heat the water. We have to buy bottled water as the ..... ... ...... ........ ... . water here isn't safe to drink. Michael always separates his rubbish into .......................... bins to help the environment. ... ..... ......... ......... waste from factories could contaminate the water supply. The !atest research shows that rising sea levels are caused by .......................... change. There are many ways you can reduce the use of .......................... fuels. All aur rubbish is dumped in a(n) ......................... . site outside the city.
5 6
0
•
Choose the correct word to complete the sentences. The government ordered locals living near the volcano to evacuate/rescue immediately. The police want to reduce the number of casualties/survivors in road traffic accidents. lt didn't rain for three months during the famine/ drought. They felt the ground shaking/erupting and worried that it could be an earthquake. The emergency/disaster services responded to the floods very quickly. The authorities are warning of extreme weather states/conditions tomorrow evening.
ldioms
5
Fill in the animals to form the idioms. • wolf • crocodile • cat • fish • bear • dog • bull • beaver
2 3
4
5 6 7
8
I didn't win this time, but 1'11 keep trying; after all every ...................... has its day. Those were just ...................... tears; Linda wasn't really upset at all. I felt like a ....................... out of water at the party; I didn't know anyone there. You've gat to take the ..... ... .... .... ... ... by the horns and ask your boss for a pay rise. Tim's an eager ...................... ; he always arrives at work half an hour early. Jim's in a bad mood today; he's like a .................. . with a sore head! Don't trust Bill; I think he's a ..... .... ... .... ...... in sheep's clothing. Don't let the ...................... out of the bag and tell Lisa about the surprise party.
" Prepositions
6
Fill in: with, by, in, on, for.
There was a sudden fall . .... .... temper atu re yesterday afternoon. 2 More and mare people are starting to ca re ........ . the environment. 3 The protesters are calling for a ban .. ... .. .. deer ' hunting in the area. 4 lt has been po uring ......... rai n since yesterday. 5 The damage to the monument was caused ...... . acid rain.
211
ambassador ambasador authorities władze border granica capital stolica citizen obywatel constitution konstytucja democracy demokracja economy gospodarka (general) election wybory (powszechne) electorate elektorat embassy ambasada government rząd left-wing lewicowy liberal liberalny majority większość mayor burmistrz minority mniejszość monarchy monarchia nation państwo, kraj, naród national anthem hymn narodowy national flag flaga narodowa national referendum referendum ogólnokrajowe parliament parlament policy polityka, strategia political party partia polityczna politician polityk president prezydent prime minister premier queen królowa (government) representative -przedstawiciel (rządu) right-wing prawicowy Law accused oskarżony/-a court reporter protokolant sądowy, protokolantka sądowa defence attorney pełnomocnik obrony defendant oskarżony/-a evidence dowód eyewitness naoczny świadek fine grzywna fingerprints odciski palców forensic scientist specjalista/specjalistka w dziedzinie medycyny sądowej judge sędzia . junior defence lawyer obrońca młodszy stażem
jury sąd, ława przysięglych lawyer prawnik/prawniczka life sentence dożywocie policeman policjant/-ka police officer funkcjonariusz policji prison więzienie proof dowód prosecutor oskarżyciel, prokurator support poparcie testify zeznawać verdict wyrok, orzeczenie
212
victim ofiara witness świadek Crime & punishment arsonist podpalacz/-ka assassin zabójca/zabójczyni, zamachowiedzamachowczyni burglar włamywacz hijacker porywacz/-ka (np. samolotu) 1dentity theft kradzież tożsamości kidnapper porywacz/-ka (np. dzieci) mugging bandycki napad (na ulicy), rozbój murderer morderca/morderczyni robber złodziej, rabuś shoplifter złodziej sklepowy smuggling przemyt terrorism terroryzm thief złodziej vandalism wandalizm International organisations Doctors Without Borders (MSF) Lekarze bez Granic Friends of the Earth (FOE) Przyjaciele Ziemi Greenpeace Greenpeace International Court of Justice (ICJ) Międzynarodowy Trybunał Sprawiedliwości
International Olympic Committee (IOC) Międzynarodowy Komitet Olimpijski North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) Organizacja Traktatu Północnoatlantyckiego
The Red Cross Czerwony Krzyż UNICEF (United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund) Fundusz Narodów Zjednoczonych na Rzecz Dzieci United Nations (UN) Narody Zjednoczone World Health Organisation (WHO) Światowa Organizacja Zdrowia World Wildlife Fund (WWF) międzynarodowa organizacja ekologiczna WWF Domestic & international conflicts air force siły powietrzne appeal apel boycott bojkot civil war wojna domowa colonel pułkownik diplomat dyplomata general generał leaflet ulotka navy marynarka wojenna
peace talks rozmowy pokojowe petition petycja protest protest rally wiec refugee uciekinier revolt rewolta, bunt soldier żołnierz strike strajk terrorism terroryzm war wojna
Useful phrases accuse sb of/be accused of oskarżać kogoś o I być oskarżonym o against the law niezgodny z prawem appear in court przyjść do sądu, pojawić się w sądzie arrest (sb)/be arrested (for sth/by sb) aresztować kogoś I zostać aresztowanym (przez kogoś I za coś) be brought before a judge zostać doprowadzonym do sądu be found guilty of zostać uznanym winnym be in power być u władzy be placed under arrest zostać aresztowanym be witness to (a crime) być świadkiem (przestępstwa)
charge sb with/be·charged with zarzucić komuś coś
I
zostać oskarżonym o commit a crime popełnić przestępstwo
convict (sb) of (sth.) skazać (kogoś) za (coś) defend (sb) against (stli) bronić (kogoś) przed (czymś) do time odsiadywać wyrok drop the charges uchylić zarzuty evade taxes uchylać się od płacenia podatków find (sb) guilty uznać (kogoś) za winnego have proof mieć dowód pay a fine zapłacić grzywnę pick sb's pocket okraść, wyjmując cenne przedmioty z kieszeni, toreb i torebek plead one's innocence nie przyznawać się do winy punish (sb) for/be punished for ukarać. (kogoś) za I zostać ukaranym za put (sb) behind bars wsadzić (kogoś) za kratki reach a verdict uzgodnić wyrok rob (sb) of/be robbed of ukraść (komuś) coś, obrabować
(kogoś) I zostać okradzionym z
sentence (sb) to skazać (kogoś) na take the blame brać na siebie winę throw litter wyrzucać śmieci try/be tried for (a cri me) sądzić I być sądzonym za (popełnienie
,, Co/locations
1
głosować
ldioms catch a glimpse zobaczyć w przelocie caught red-handed złapany na gorącym uczynku disturbing the peace zakłócanie spokoju off the record poza protokołem slap on the wrist dać komuś po łapach take sth into our own hands wziąć coś w swoje ręce tum a blind eye przymykać na coś oko; udawać, że się czegoś nie widzi
4
Fill in: crime, identity, capital, drug, court, human,
nationa/, sniffer.
przestępstwa)
vote
Choose the correct verb.
2 3 4 5 6 7 8
The whole nation was in mourning after the president passed/left away. The country needs to cut/spend back on the amount it spends on the military. The Prime Minister tried to bring/carry out changes in immigration policy. They held/shot up a bank and gat away with over a million pounds. The police are seeing/looking into a burglary that took place in Kent Street yesterday. The government brought/passed in a law that made it illegal to hunt foxes. After the peace talks failed, war fell/broke out between the two countries. Both countries backed/reversed out of the trade agreement at the last minute.
2 3 4 5 6
The police used a(n) . „ ..... „ „ ..... „ „ dog to check, the bags for illegal substances. There was a lot of media interest in the .. „ ... „ ... „ . „ .. „ case since it involved a famous celebrity. Make sure you are not a victim of ...... „ „ „ „ „ „ „ theft by never telling strangers your personal details. Everyone in the stadium sang the ..... anthem before the game began. They closed off the „ •.. „ . „ .. „ „ „ . „ .. scene and waited for the detectives to arrive. Many people believe that access to water is a . . . . . . . . . . „ ... „ right. Everyone in the community was relieved when the . „ . „ ... „ ....... „ . dealer was finally caught. Most countries no longer use ..... „ •....•.. punishment in their judicial systems. „
7 8
Phrasal verbs back out of wycofać się z beat (sb) up pobić (kogoś) break into włamać się do break out uciec (z więzienia) bring in wezwać, doprowadzić carry out przeprowadzić (np. eksperyment) chase after ścigać cut back on ograniczyć, zredukować
cut off odciąć, przerwać do away with pozbyć się.
Prepositions
2. 2 3 4 5
zlikwidować
drive away odjechać get away with uniknąć kary, ujść na sucho get on with być z kimś w dobrych stosunkach hold up napaść (np. na bank) let (sb) off wypuścić (kogoś) na wolność lock (sb) up zamknąć (kogoś) w więzieniu look into wejrzeć w, zbadać make off with uciec z, ulotnić się z pass away umrzeć pull over tu: zmusić do zjechania na pobocze put away tu: zamknąć, przymknąć put up with znosić (kogoś, coś) run after gonić, ścigać run away uciec run off with uciec z take (sb/sth) away zabrać (kogoś/coś)
tum (sb) in wydać (kogoś), donieść (na kogoś)
6 7
Fill in: before,pgainst, with, to, under, by, of. The judge sentenced the drug smuggler ...... . five years in prison. The man was charged .„ ............ armed robbery. lt's „ ....•..•.•... the law to drive without a seatbelt. The witness was asked to appear . ... ... .... .... a court to give her account of the events. He was found guilty ............ „. murder and was given a life sentence. „ „ .•. the police The pickpocket was arrested and brought to the station. „ „ . „ .. arrest and The police officer placed him put him in handcuffs.
ldioms
3
·· Verb phrases
5
com mit.
2 3 4 5 6
Robert had to ........... „ ... a fine after he was caught dropping litter on the street. The jury decided that the suspect did not „ „ . . . . . . . . „ .. the crime. Bill ............ „ „ the bla me for the robbery. Jim has never ................ the law in his entire life. The suspect decided to ...... „ ... guilty. Aft er many hours the jury „ .. „ .••....•.. a verdict. „
••.
" Words often confused
6
Choose the correct word.
The shoplifter was caught red/black handed. 2 The criminal talked to the reporter off the record/tape so he couldn't be identified. 3 The shopkeeper caught a glimpse/sight of the robber as he was making his escape. 4 You can't take the law into your own arms/ hands. 5 Jim was arrested for disturbing the peace/calm. 6 The police force was accused of making/turning a blind eye to drug trading in the city. 7 The driver gat a hit/slap on the wrist for driving a little over the speed limit.
Fill in the gaps in the sentences with the verbs in their correct form: reach, take, break, plead, pay,
2 3 4 5 6 7
Choose the correct word. The current prime minister has been in power/ strength for over ten years. Two men attempted to burgle/rob the local bank. lnstead of fining the man, the judge sent him to prison because he was a repeat offender/convict:, The president reluctantly gave the order to invade/attack the enemy. Ben decided to immigrate/emigrate to Australia as he couldn't find work in his own country. The jury found the suspect guilty/innocent of the crime, so he was released without charge. The detective found a piece of proof/evidence that helped identify the murderer.
213
mmar Section Contents Czasy teraźniejsze (present simple, present continuous, stative verbs, adverbs of frequency, present perfect, present perfect continuous) .....
U
...................................................................... .
p. 216
Czasy przeszłe (past si mp le, past continuous, past perfect, past sim ple vs present perfect) .................. .
p. 220
Czasy przyszłe (future simple, begoing to, future continuous, time clauses) ........................
p. 224
Bezokolicznik/czasownik z końcówką -ing (to infinitive, the infinitive without to, -ing form, too/enough, participles) ................ ...... ......... ... ........ ............ ........ .. .... ............ .... ... ................... ........ ..... .......... p. 226 Czasowniki modalne (can/cou/d-maylmight- sha//-will!wou/d-should!ought to - must/have toneed/needn't!didn't need to/mustn't!can't) ......................................................................................................... . p. 229
O
Przymiotniki (adjectives, order of adjectives) Przysłówki (adverbs, formation of adverbs, order of adverbs)
Stopniowanie (comparative and superlatives of adjectives/adverbs, irregular forms, types of comparisons) ....... ... ... .. .... ... ....... .... ...... ...... ..... ............ .......... ................. ............................. ........... .... p. 233
U
Zdania przydawkowe i okolicznikowe/Wykrzyknienia (relative clauses, time clauses, clauses of purpose, clauses of reason, clauses of result, clauses of concession, exclamations) ....... ................... p. 237
U
Strona bierna (present simple, present continuous, past simple, past continuous, future simple, present perfect, past perfect, moda Is, infinitive) ........... ..... ................................. ........................ ... .............. .... p. 245
U Mowa zależna (say/te/I, reported statements, reported questions (if/whether), reported orders) ............... lliJ Trybwarunkowy(typeso.1,2,3) ........................................................................................................ W Rzeczowniki (nouns, the plural of nouns, countable/uncountable nouns, plural nouns, group nouns,
p. 248 p. 251
nouns used in singular and pl ural with a different meaning) .............................. .. ................ ... ........................ p. 253
W Przedimki (the indefinite article a/an, a(n)!one, one/ones, the definite article the) .............................. .......... W Określenia ilości/Zaimki/Formy dzierżawcze/Zdania z there i it ........................
p. 257
W Przyimki miejsca, kierunku i czasu ............................................................................................. W Pytania i odpowiedzi (questions with Yes/No answers, wh-questions, subject/object questions,
p. 267
p. 260
indirect questions, question tags, intonation) .. ... ......... .... ......... ...... ..... ........... .. ............. ... .... ....... ..... ........... .... p. 270 Załącznik
I: Czasowniki złożone (phrasal verbs) .............................................................................. p. 273
Załącznik li: Czasowniki/przymiotniki/rzeczowniki i występujące po nich przyimki ... p. 275
215
Czasy teraźniejsze
Czasy teraźniejsze Czasy present simple i present continuous
czynnościach
codziennych; •
czynnościach odbywających się
• •
nogramem; His train /eaves at eight o'clock tomorrow. przebiegu meczu; John Terry wins the bali, passes to
planach na
najbliższą przyszłość;
Lampard who scores for Chelsea.
•
stanach
podlegających
'she rarely goes to the cinemo." przysłówków częstotliwości używa się:
zmianie;
I love Chopin. His music is wonderfu/.
rzeczach, które nas irytują lub denerwują.
W czasie present continuous często pojawiają się n pujące określenia czasu: now, at the moment, at preseńt, these days, nowadays, stili, today, tonight itp.
nieposiadające
formy continuous
czasowniki opisujące wrażenia odbierane za pomocą zmysłów (see, heat; smell, taste, fee/, look, sound, see appear itp.) Yourperfume smells great. czasowniki opisujące postrzeganie umysłowe i procesy myślowe (know, believe, understand, realise, rememb forget itp.) Who knows the answer? czasowniki wyrażające upodobania (/ike, love, hate, enjoy, prefer; detest, desire, want itp.) Jim enjoys rock music. niektóre inne czasowniki (be, contain, indude, belong, fit, need, matter, cost, own, want, owe, weigh, wish, have, keep i in.) Th is car be/ongs to my dacl.
• •
Niektórych z powyższych czasowników można THINK
I think he is a very good actor: (=
HAVE She has o beautifu/ house. (=
użyć
uważać)
mieć, posiadać)
TASTE The c.oke tastes delicious. (=smakować, mieć smak)
Jenny is tasting the soup to see if it needs mare pepper: (=próbować)
SMELL The roses smell /ovely. (= pachnieć)
She is smelling the flowers.
He appears to be nervous.
(=zdawać się)
i przeszłego)
I am having a fan tas lic lime. (=doświadczać) She is having a showe1: (=brać) They are lwving lunch. (= jeść)
l'm seeing my /owyer tomorrow morning. (::.: mieć spotkanie z)
(=wąchać)
He is appearing in a fi/111 with Jennifer Lopez.
Czas present perfect continuous
.Czasu present perfect (have + imiesłów czasu
rozważać)
SEE I can see the sea from my ba/eony. (=widzieć) I see what you mea n. (= rozumieć)
APPEAR
czas present perfect 1
w czasie present continuous, ale powoduje to zmianę znaczenia.
They are thinking of visiting Japan. (=
przed czasownikiem głównym;
Nothan often goes out with his friends. G1 po czasownikach posiłkowych (be, have, do) i modalnych (can, will, must itd.). Loura doesn't usually go to bed /ote. Sophie is never lote for selwo/. We must always brush our teeth before we go to bed. Uwaga: Przysłówki rare/y, seidom i never mają znaczenie negatywne i nigdy nie są używane z partykułą not. Cloire never leaves work before 5 pm. (NIE: Claire ~ never /eave „.) Robert seidom goes to fast food restaurants. (NIE: Robert dorm:1't ~'i!ldof'.'il go „.)
He is always ploying laud music late at night.
W czasie present simple często pojawiają się przysłówki częstodiwości oraz następujące określenia czasu: usually, often, always, every day/week!month/year itp., in the morning/afternoon!evening, at night/the weekend, on Fridays itp.
•
•
!Vly daughter is doing better and beuer at selwo/.
uczuciach i emocjach.
•
częstotliwości używa się zazwyczaj w czasie present simple. "How often does Tina go to the cinema ?"
l'm going out with Peter tonighl.
zgodnie z harmo•
Czasowniki
odbywa. Odpowiadają na pytanie How o~en ... ? Przysłówków
tymczasowych;
We are decorating aur house this week.
She usuo/ly goes to work by bus.
•
czynnościach
Przysłówki częstotliwości
przysłówki częstotliwości określają, jak często dana czynność się
Sylvia is doing her homework at the moment.
•
The sw1 rises in the eost.
•
przysłówki częstotliwości
Czasu present continuous używamy, mówiąc o: • czynnościach odbywających się w chwili obecnej;
Czasu present simple używamy, mówiąc o: • faktach i stanach trwałych; Jane works as a dentist. • prawdach uniwersalnych i prawach przyrody;
•
używamy:
opisując czynności,
które
miały
miejsce w
bliżej
nie-
określonym momencie w przeszłości. Dokładny czas nie został sprecyzowany. ponieważ nie jest to ważne. Istotniejszy jest sam fakt, że dana czynność się wydarzyła, a także jej związek z terainiejszością;
I have ironed the clothes. Cathy hos been to Bangkok once.
We have been painting the living room all morning.
•
opisując czynności, które zakończyły się niedawno, a których skutki widzimy obecnie; I have just washed the car: odnosząc się do doświadczenia lub życiowych zmian; She has acted in a film with Julia Roberts. z określeniami today, this morningleveninglweekl month itd., jeśli w momencie mówienia przedział czasowy, o którym mowa, trwa nadal. We have watched three films this week. (= Tydzień się jeszcze nie skończył i możliwe, że obejrzymy więcej filmów.)
ępujące określenia czasu: for, since, a/ready, always,
t-L-- - K - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ' - - - - - - - - - M l ' : / u s t , ever, never, so far, today, this week/month itd., how long, 00 Derek looks really tired. (=wyglądać) Diana is looking at same magazines. (=patrzeć) late/y, recently, stil/ (w przeczeniach), yet, by now itp.
skończyły
się niedawno a ich skutki, często niezamierzone i odnoszące się do wykonawcy czynności, obserwujemy w chwili obecnej;
His hands are dirty because he has been fixing his rnotorbike all morning.
I have known Harry for two years.
(=występować)
My dad is fitting a new lock on the door: (=zakładać, montować)
Czasu present perfect continuous (have + been + czasownik z końcówką -ing) używamy, opisując czynności, które: • rozpoczęły się w przeszłości i trwają nadal w chwili, gdy o nich mówimy;
opisując stany lub czynności, które rozpoczęły się w przeszłości i trwają w teraźniejszości (często z użyciem czasowników: be, have, /ike, know itd.);
t - F - I T - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - t - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - n u W czasie present perfect często pojawiają się nas-
This shirt fits you perfectly. (=pasować [rozmiarem])
a
•
powodują naszą złość
lub poirytowanie.
He has been taking my laptop without te/ling me.
W czasie present perfect continuous często pojaczasu: for, since, how long, all day/morning/month itd., /ately, recently.
wiają się następujące określenia
Czasowników live, work, teach i fee/ możn~ zarówno w czasie present perfect, jak i present perfect continuous bez~miany znaczenia. He has worked!has been working as a teacher for używać
11..the last ten years.
~--------------------'-----------------------~:m;
• •
216
Czasownika enjoy można użyć zarówno w czasie present simple, jak i continuous. My sister really enjoys playing volleyball. (ogólne upodobanie) ALE They're enjoying the match very much. (chwilowy stan). Czasowników fe'e/ (=czuć) i hurt można użyć zarówno w czasie present simple, jak i continuous, bez zmiany znaczenia. I fee/ very happy. = I am feeling very happy. Czasowniki /isten, look i watch wyrażają celowe działanie i można ich użyć w czasie present continuous. They are looking at the box.
She has gone to the bank. (Zmierza do banku lub · juź
tam jest. Jeszcze stamtąd nie wróciła.)
She has been to Los Angeles. (Przebywała w Los
Angeles. Już stamtąd wróciła.) She has been in Milan. (Mieszka w Mediolanie.)
217
I
a 1
Czasy teraźniejsze
Czasy teraźniejsze Complete the exchanges using the present perfect or the present perfect continuous.
ldentify the tenses, then match them to their correct descriptions. The Earth revolves around the Sun. (simple present) Is she visiting the zoo tomorrow? He is staying at a friend's house until his house is ready. [![] The bus to Glasgow leaves at 7 pm. [I[] They don't eat breakfast every morning. ~ Ann's driving is improving every week.
A B C D E F
a fixed arrangement in the near future a habit/routine a temporary situation a general truth/law of nature a changing/developing situation a timetable/programme
'---=====-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~--~~~
2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
1O 11
12
3
Alan visits/is visiting his grandparents every weekend. These days, it becomes/is becoming mare and mare expensive to go abroad on holiday. Helen and her friends go/are going to a rock concert this evening. Angelina Jolie successfully plays/is playing the part of Christine Collins in Changeling. Brian paints/is painting the kitchen walls at the moment. Do the leaves fall/Are the leaves falling from the trees in autumn? The carpenter fits/is fitting new kitchen cabinets. Every evening, Nancy writes/is writing in her journal. The stew smells/is smelling great! Is it a new recipe? Rick sees/is seeing a knee specialist tomorrow. Who knows/is knowing all the words to this song? Emma attends/is attending a seminar this afternoon.
weekend?
Read the texts and fili in the gaps with the present simple or the present continuous of the verbs in brackets.
.,.
@ Hi bloggers,
l\
1) Have you heard (you/hear) the weather forecast yet?
B: No, but 12) ..................................... (watch) the news for the last hour and all they 3) ..... ... ...... ....... ... ....... (talk) about are the floods. A: Oh dear! Those poor people. lt 4) ............... . ... ............... .. . (be) an awful week so far with all those storms. B: Yes, especially in the north where it 5) ........ . ........................... (not/stop) raining for over a week now.
_1) takes (take) place;~ my country, li Australia every March. The word 'J Moomba 1 2) ... „ ........... „ ................ „. (come) from an Aboriginal word meaning 'let's get together and have fun'. The festival 3) ......................•...•••. (last) for severa! days 4) ....•......••...........•.....•..... (include) many competitio music and· parades. The activities on the waterfront 5) .................................. (attract) thousands of visitor At the moment, I 6) ..................................... (watch) t 'Birdman' competition. People 7) ............................ (t to fly their homemade flying machines and it's very fu The wind 8) ..................................... (blow) hard and teams 9) ..................................... (have) a difficult ti Steve 42 in
:\
@
Well Steve, every year huge crowds of people 1) ..................................... (gather) in my hometown, Glastonbury, to attend the loca! festival lt 2) ............................. (be) a celebration of art an music that 3) .................................... (unite) fans from all over the world for a few days every year in June. There 4) ........................................ (be) many live performances and theatricals by famous artists and even circus acts. Right now, we are at Worthy Farm and we 5) ........................................ (lie) on the grass waiting for Kylie Minogue. Her show 6) ....................... (begin) in two hours but a lot of people 7) .............................. (already/be) here. I 8) ................................. (not/believe) I 9) ............................... (sit) here waiting to see my favourite pop star! James V76
2
3 4
5
The Moomba festival~
Choose the correct time expression.
Helen is listening to music at the moment/in the - afternoon. 2 Peter is having a party on Fridays/tomorrow. 3 He catches the bus to school every morning/ tonight. 4 The ferry leaves the port at 8 am tomorrow morning/at present. 5 Lisa's mum does the laundry on Sundays/now. 6 Paul is meeting his girlfriend this evening/every week. 7 They are studying for an English test right this evening/now. 8 Paul and Jo are going to a rock concert every Friday/tonight. 9 I prefer to surf the Net at weekends/at present. 10 Does Peter usually/at present wake up late at the
2 18
4
Choose the c@rrect item.
7
A: Tom, it's already five o'clock. 1) ................... . ....................... (you/finish) with the report? B: Not yet. I 2) .......................................... (go) over the numbers all afternoon and something seems wrong. A: 3) ........................ (Mary/check) the figures? B: 14) ..................... _. ......... (leave) severa! notes on her desk so far, but she 5) ...................... . .............. (not/return) from her meeting yet.
A: 1) ........................................ (you/see) Jane? She Ioo ks great. 2) ...................................... . .......................................... (she/diet) lately? B: No. She 3) ................................................... . (work) out at the gym for the last six months. A: She seems to be in top form. She 4) ............ . .............................. (never/look) so healthy! B: Well, you and 15) ........................................ . (talk) about joining a gym for ages. How about going for it? A: I think you 6) ............................................... . Gust/read) my mind !
In pairs, make exchanges using the present perfect or the present perfect continuous. Your bag looks heavy.
A: Your bag /ooks heavy. B: /'ve just bee n to the /ibrary. Your clothes are dirty. You are wet. You look happy. You look upset.
6
7
a
Put the verbs in brackets into the correct present forms. A: How often do you have (you/have) basketball practice? B: I train (train) at least three times a week. A: Is Michelle stili at the library? B: Yes, she ... ... . .. ............... ............ (research) her paper all morning . A: Is your bedroom clean? B: No, I .................. „ ........ „ ... (not/tidy) it up yet . A: ................... „ ......................... „ .... (you/come) to Fran's graduation ceremony on Friday? B: l'm sorry, I can't. 1........ ..... (go) on holiday to ltaly. A: .............................. „ ...•.••..........•.. (you/know) how this CD ROM works? B: Yes, let me install it for you. A: You speak German very well, Pat. B: Thank you. 1.... „.......................... „ ... (learn) it for four years. A: That skirt ............ „ • • . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . „ .....•... „ (fit) you perfectly.
B: Th an ks, I .... „ ....•••••....•...•.. (think) of buying it. 8 A: Is this your first visit to Warsaw? B: Yes, 1............................................... (never/be) here before. 9 A: .................... „ ......... (you/like) Mexican food? B: No, l'm afraid it's too spicy. 1 O A: Where's Oliver? B: He.„ ................. „ ................... (go) to the gym. You can call him at 8 o'clock. 11 A: Are you stili painting Becky's room? B: No, 1. ....... „ ............................... (justlfinish) it. 12 A: James, you look tired. B: I know. 1................................... (study) for my Chemistry exam all evening. 13 A: Where ................................ „ ............ (you and your friends/hang out) at the weekend? B: We usually ............................................... (go) bowling at the local sports centre. 14 A: ............................................... (yo u/tell) Peter about our trip this weekend? B: Yes, but he ....................... (make) other plans. 15 A: ..................... „ ...•.. (Harry/do) his homework? B: No, actually, he ......................... (surf) the Net. 16 A: What's the matter? B: I .................................................. (lose) my car keys and I can't get home. 17 A: How ........................................ „ ...... -(you/get) to school every morning? B: On foot. lt „ .••......•.....• (take) me ten minutes.
219
fJ
Czasy
przeszłe
Czas past simple Czasu past simple (forma podstawowa czasownika + końcówka -ed) używamy: • do opisywania czynności, które wydarzyły się w podanym lub przynajmniej znanym momencie w przeszłości; He went to the dentist yesterday. • opisując kilka czynności, które nastąpiły w przeszłości jedna po drugiej; He gat up, had breakfast and left for work.
do opisywania czynności, które odbywały się w przeszłości z pewną regularnością, ale już się nie odby-
•
wają;
Mr Ferguson p/ayed basketball when he was younger. Uwaga: W tego typu zdaniach cz.as past simple można zastąpić formą used to; Mr Ferguson used to play basketball when he was younger. mówiąc
•
o osobach, które już nie żyją.
John Lennon wrote many songs.
Czasowniki nieregularne tworzą odrębną formę czasu·
Czasy
przedstawiając tło jakiegoś wydarzenia lub
The birds were singing ond the sun was were driving lhrough the countryside.
Uwaga: Jeśli w zdaniu występują dwie formy nika w czasie past continuous, wymieniając drugi z można pominąć zaimek i czasownik was lub were. He was fixing his bike whiłe he was listening to =He was fixing his bike while listening to music.
W
czasie past continuous często pojawiają się określenia czasu: whi/e, when, as, all daylnight! morning. all day yesterday itp. następujące
~
Mówiąc o czynnościach dokonanych w okre:"I
ślonym
Czas past continuous Czasu past continuous (czasownik was/were oraz forma podstawowa czasownika+ końcówka -ing) używamy:
do opisywania czynności, która trwała w momencie, gdy wydarzyło się coś innego, co ją przerwało lub zakłóciło. Czynność dłuższą, która trwała od jakiegoś czasu, opisujemy w cz.asie past continuous, czynność krótszą - w past simple;
•
We we re watching TV when the lights went out.
gdy dwie (lub więcej) czynności odbywały się w tym samym cz.asie w przeszłości (czynności jednoczesne);
•
Ben was having a shower while Katie was cooking dinner.
1
II[] @r]
happy with his music.
W: witness
· PO: Where 1) we re you (yo u/be) when you 2) . (see) the accident? · W: I 3) „ „ „ . „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ . (stand) at the bus stop. . PO: What exactly 4) „ „ „ „ „ : „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ (happen)? . W: Well, a car 5) „ „ „ „ „ „ „ . (drive) down the street at full speed while a girl on a bike 6) „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ (approach) the junction. Unfortunately, the driver 7) „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ .. „ „ „ „ . (not/slow down) quickly enough and 8) „ . „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ . „ „ „ (hit) the girl on the bike throwing her to the ground. PO: 9) „ . „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ .. „ . (anyone else/see) the accident? W: No, I don't think SO.
past simple or
the past continuous.
C)fte ~n and C)fte CJ!9n A man and a lion 1) were travelling (travel) through a forest one day. While they 2) ........... „ „ „ .. „ ... „. „ „ .. „ „ (talk) about themselves and 3) .... „ ........... :„„ .. „ „ .. „ .. „. (boast) about their great powers and str ength, they suddenly 4) .. „ .. „ •..... „ ..... „ .... „........ (come) across a a statue. lt 5) .. „ .......... „.„ .......... „.„„. (be) a statue lion strangled by a man. 'See? What have I been telhng you all this time? said the man. He 6) „ .. „ .... „ „ .... „ ..• „ .... (point) at the statue and continued, 'See how stron7, man is, and how he can even beat the king of the beasts. The lion 7) ......... „ •..•...••.••......•.•.. „ .......... . (turn) towards the man and
o:
8) .... „ ... „ ...... „ ....................... . (say), 'lf lions knew how to make statues, they would put the man under the lion's
~..._
Czas past perfect
Put the verbs in brackets into the the past continuous.
Czasu past perfect (czasownik had + czasu przeszłego) używamy: • do opisywania czynności, która miała miejsce określonym momentem w przeszłości; Ann
past simp/e or
paw!'
finished doing tlle· 11ousEwo rk 1
•
do opisywania czynności, która miała miejsce inną czynnością w przeszłości. She had won
5
swimmi!19 race, so she fett delighted.
W czasie past perfect często pojawiają się nru;tec>uia~ce określenia czasu: be(ore, a~er, a/ready, just, for, tillluntil, when, by the time, never itp.
(tum on) the TV and then (watch) her favourite show. Last night Anna „ „ „ „ „ . „ „ .. „ „ „ „ „ (go) to the cinema. Sam „ „ .. „ „ „ „ „ „ „ . „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ . „ „ „ „. (fix) his bike w hen he „ „ „ „ . „ „ „ „ „ . „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ (cut) his finger. At 4 o'clock yesterday afternoon, they „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ .. „ „ . (have) a meeting. lt was a dark and clou dy night, the wind „ „ . „ „ „ „ „ . „ (blow) and the rain „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ . „ ... „ . (pour) down. Elvis Presley „ „ „ „ . „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ . „ (make) many people „ .. „ . „ . „ „ „ „ „ „ .
„ . „ „ „ „ „ „ „ .... „ . „ „ „ „ „ „ .
220
cz.asie w przeszłości, zwykle używamy czasu past simple. I went swimming every day when I wos on holicloy.
Steve was listening (listen) to his radio while he „ „ „ „ „ . „ „ „ . „ „ . „ „ . „ „ . „ . „ „ „ „ „ „ „ . „ „ „ „ „ . „ „ „ „ . (drive) to work.
[[[J First Stella
Put the verbs in brackets into the
fJ
Aesop's Fables: i PO: police officer
lt was my first day at secondary school and I was nervous. Mum and I 1) were riding (ride) the bus together in complete silence. I think I counted every stop we passed until we got there. I 2) ••••.•••••••••••••••••••.••.• (wear) my brand-
Put th~ verbs in brackets into the past simp/e or the past continuous, then match the sentences (1-7) to the · correct description (A-G).
[JJ}]
4
accident she saw. Put the verbs in brackets into the past simple or the past continuous.
Al 8 o'clock yesterday, I was having breokfosr.
•
past simple.
W czasie past simple często pojawiają się następu jące określenia czasu: yesterday. then, when, How long ago ... ?, last nightlweeklmonthlyear/Friday/October itd., three dayslweeks itd. ago, in 2005 itp.
A police officer is asking a witness about an
do opisywania czynności, która odbywała wskazanym momencie w przeszłości. Nie kiedy czynność się zaczęła, ani kiedy się skor'lcz.yła;
•
przeszłe
A
new uniform and 3) ••.••••••••..•.•••••••••••••• (feel) a little out of place 0n the bus. When we finally 4) •••••••••••••••••••••••••••• (arrive), we got off the
an action which happened at a specific time in the past
B a past action which won't take place
1
C actions which happened one after the
bus and mum squeezed my hand and said goodbye.
other in the past D an action which was in progress at
As I 5) •••••..•••••••••....••••••••••• (enter) the Assembly Hall, I froze on the spot. All the students were in
a stated time in the past E two actions which were happening at the same time in the past an action which was in progress when
their seats already and the school master 6) ••••••••••••••••••••.•••••.••• (ask) them to quiet down. There was nowhere to sit. Suddenly, I 7) ....•••.••••.......••••••.•••.. (see) a hand waving at me from the back of the Hall. I sighed with relief when I realised it was my best friend Suzie and I quickly ran up to sit beside her.
G
another action interrupted it to give background information to a story/narrative
Put the verbs in brackets into the the pastsimple.
past perfect or
A: Why was he so angry? B: He had spent (spend) the whole afternoon looking for his mobile phone and couldn't find it. A: Did you get the book I asked you for? B: No. By the time I got there, the shop ........... „ ........... „ „ „ .. „ ...... „ .. „ (already/close). 3 A: How long „ „ „ „ .. „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ . (it/take) before the bus arrived? B: At least an hour! 4 A: How was the show? B: Brilliant! We „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ .
2
(never/see) such amazing acrobats before. „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ .. „ . (the fire/cause) a lot of damage before the firefighters arrived? B: No. Actually, it „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ . Gust/start). A: Why didn't Vicky come to the party on Saturday? B: She „ „ „ „ „ „ „ .. „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ . (be) at work all day and was too tired.
5 A:
6
221
fJ
Czasy
Czasy przeszłe
przeszłe 1OPut the verbs into the correct pasttense.
Czasy past simple i present perfect Czasu past simple używamy do opisywania czynności, które: • wydarzyły się w podanym momencie w przeszłości; They went to the zoo yesterday. (Kiedy? Wczoraj.) rozpoczęły się i zakończyły w przeszłości;
e
Rachel worked in a bank for two years. (Rachel pracowała w banku dwa lata, ale odeszła
i już tam nie
pracuje.) ALE Rachel has ~orked in a bank for two years. (Rachel nadal pracuje w banku.) nastąpiły w przeszłości jedna po drugiej;
•
First they had lunch and then they met their friends. odbywały się w przeszłości z pewną regularnością,
•
ale już się nie odbywają; Ann always played cricket when she was in secondary
selwo/. e dotyczą osób, które już nie żyją. Marilyn Monroe starred in Some Like lt Hot.
6
Czasu present perfect używamy do opisywania: • czynności, które miały miejsce w bliżej nieokreślo nym momencie w przeszłości; Adam has seen this film. (Kiedy? Nie wiemy. Czas nie jest określony.) • stanów, które rozpoczęły się w przeszłości i trwają w teraźniejszości (często z użyciem czasowników: be, have, like, know itp.); John has hod this car for five years. (Przed pięciu laty kupił samochód i nadal go ma.) 0 czynności, które zakończyły się niedawno, a których skutki widzimy obecnie; She is very happy. She has won the race. • doświadczeń lub życiowych zmian; I have never tried kite su ding. e z określeniami today, this morning!eveninglweek/ month itd., jesli w momencie mówienia przedział czasowy, o którym mowa, trwa nadal. Emma has sent three faxes this morning. (Nadal jest rano i może vtysłać więcej faksów.)
Put the verbs in brackets into the past simple or the present
8
Choose the correct item.
to school, I bumped into an ald friend of mine. .. „ ....... (you/move) to this part of town?
3 When ............................... „ 4
I „ ........................ „ ............... „ ....... „ (not/taste) sushi until I went to a Japanese restaurant. 5 Vincent ....... „ ..... „ .................. „ ............... (swim) when he felt a pain in his left leg.
A: B: 2' A: B: 3 4
5
A: B: A: B:
A: B: 6 A: .B:
7
Have you been (yo u/go) to the new museum? Yes, I ....... „ .......... „ ......................... (go) there two days ago. How long ..... „ .......... „ ..... „ . „ .... „ ...... „. (they/live) in Mexico? Not for very long. They „ .............................................. „ ...... . (move) there three months ago. ... „ . „ .... „ ...... „ ................. „ „ ....................... (you/see) Donna? Yes, she ........ „ .. „ „ . „ .......................... „ .. (leave) an hour ago. How's Nathan doing? I don't know. I ....... „ ........ „ ....... „ .................. (not/hear) from him for months. When ...... „ ........... „ .............. „. (you/last/go) to the theatre? Oh, I ............ „ ... „ ........... „ .. (not/go) to the theatre for ages! What time ............. „ ....... „ ...................... „ „ „ ... (they/arrive)? They ... „ ........ „ ...................... „ . „ ..... (be) here since 9 o'clock.
. „ ................ „ ................ „ ..........
l'm writing to you from Melbou:ne, Australia. Lisa and I 1) camelhave come here l~st week to see the Australian Open. lt 2) has beenlwas an amazin thrill wa_t~hmg all these great players like Rafael Nadal, Roger Federer and Sg W1lhams. erena
"'!e 3) have doneldid some sightseeing already. On Sunday, we 4) c/imbedlhave cltmbed ~p the Eureka Tower. The view frorn there 5) was/has b breathtakmg'· We 6) d'd ' n't takelh aven ,t taken the river cruise yet but een 7) visitedlhave. visfted Captain Cook's Cottage! Unfortunately, Lisa has~~ remembered!dtdn t remember to bring her video camera with her. b t 9) have takenltook lots of pictures. ' u we
S)
I hope you are well. See you soon. Love, Jack & Lisa
(Mum/answer)?
By the time I was 14 I . .... ... ... .... . (travel) abroad three times.
8
Hannah ....... „
9
a giraffe until she went to the zoo last weekend. We had been trying to salve the problem for
......... „
....... „ ............ „ ...........
10 lt ....... „
(rain)
11
9
Choose the correct item. How long/How long ago has Lisa been looking for a fiat?
While/By the time the police arrived, the bank robbers had already escaped.
In pairs, act out the dialogues, as
9
Fay didn't watch the film with us because she had yet/already seen it.
A: Where did you go? B: I went to Paris. 2 travel by piane (when) 3 read a good book (which) 4 meet a football player (who) 5
6 I have known James since/for 2004 . 7 Tracy has been sitting next to Kylie for/since the beginning of the year. 8
be on a school trip (where) A: Have you ever been on a selwo/ trip? B: Yes, I have.
ride on a rollercoaster (when)
6 go to dentist (why)
A tidied C was tidying
B had tidied
5 Julia is resting because she ...... a stomachache all day. A has been having 6
Patrick
„. „ .
B was having
lreland many times since 2001.
A has gone to 7
B has been to
1O There is a park near my home, where we often/ naw go and play football.
11 Josh has been learning how to fly a piane since/for the last two months. 12 How long before/How long have you been writing in your journal? 13 By the time/After we gat to the bus stop, the bus had already left. 14 My cousins from America today/sometimes visit us during the summer.
Janet is thirsty because she ...... in the park. A was running B has been running C is running
8
I ...... preparing dinner before the guests arrived. A had finished
garden at the moment/rarely. Fred takes his dog out for a walk twice a day/last week. 4 Were you sleeping when/while I called? 5 Mum has just/recently come in, so I haven't asked her about the concert tickets yet.
the kitchen.
in the example.
B had already taken
C was taking Greg „ .... his room and then hurried to his guitar lesson.
C has been in
3
8
4
heavily when I woke up this morning.
before/yet. 5 Paul has just/yet finished cleaning his room. 6 Tina hasn't seen her friends already/
Paris. Tim yet/still hasn't finished painting
concert hall. A take
C has had
2 The neighbour's children are playing in aur back
lately. l've always/recently wanted to go to
...... it. B am understanding it A understand C understood 3 People ...... in their seats when we arrived at the
(never/see)
.............. „ „ ..... „ „ ...........................
B have you used
2 Thanks for explaining the maths problem. Naw I
hours before we ........................... . (find) a solution.
years.
7
A do you use
© are you using
........ .
3 Jackson has never/ever ridden a bike. 4 Mary hasn't started her project
Complete the letter. Choose the correct item.
Hi Mum and Dad,
222
hour ~/yet. 2 They have been married for/since 3
Can I switch off the computer or . . . . . it?
............... „ ......... .
7
perfect. Steve finished his homework an
12 Circle the correct item.
I didn't see (not/see) any of my classmates yesterday because I was iii. 2 As I ..................................................... „ .. (walk)
6 When you phoned home, ...... „
IJ
9
B have finished
C finish By the end of the excursion, John ...... all of his
money on souvenirs. A spent B was spending C had spent 1 O The children were dirty. They ...... in the park all afternoon. A have been
B had been
C were being 11 How many courses ...... last term at university? A you took B did you take C were you taking 12 My little brother is annoying. He ...... my things. A is always taking
B takes always
C is taking always 13 I ...... of selling my ald car and buying a new one. A think C am thinking
B thought
14 Tom can't play tennis because he ..... his right arm. A has broken B broke C has been breaking
223
IJ Czasy przyszłe
Czasy
Czas future simple
Wyrażenia czasu W zdaniach zawierających takie wyrażenia czasu jak:
Czasu future simple (czasownik will + bezokolicznik) używamy, mówiąc o: • spontanicznych decyzjach; The phone's ringing. /'li answer it. • przewidywaniach, opiniach i wyobrażeniach na temat przyszłości przy użyciu takich czasowników, wyrażeń i przysłówków, jak: think, believe, expect, be sure, be afraid, probably, certainly, perhaps itp.;
white, before, a~er, until/ti/I, as, when, whenever, once, as soon as, as long as, by the time itp., stosujemy czas present simple lub present perfect, nie zaś formy czasu przyszłego. /'//coli you when Iam reo dy Czas present simple lub present perfect, nie zaś formy
He will probably call you la ter on. • •
obietnicach, groźbach, ostrzeżeniach, oczekiwaniach i prośbach; Will you show me how to surf the Net? czynnościach, wydarzeniach i sytuacjach, co do których jesteśmy pewni, że się wydarzą.
czasu przyszłego, stosujemy również po takich wyrażeniach, jak:
Ben will be seventeen yeors o/d in June. Wyrażenie
unless, if, supposelsupposing, in case, itp. Toke o map with you in case you get lost.
be going to
Wyrażenia
• • •
be going to używamy, mówiąc o: planach i zamierzeniach; He 's going to be o /owyer when he finishes university. czynnościach, które zamierzamy wykonać; IV/egon is going to spend her holidays in f-lowoii. przewidywaniach na temat przyszłości. Look at the boy in the tree. He's going to fal/ down.
paroiętai! •
wyrazić niepewność
Czas future continuous
We will be playing tennis on Soturday. pytając uprzejmie o plany na nabliższą przyszłość.
"Will you be going to the baker's toc/ay?" "Yes, why?" "Con you buy me same fresh breoc/?"
A: B: 2 A: B:
This is the address. OK. I will write it down in case I forget. What are Mary's plans for the future? She . „ . „ .. „ „ •. „ „ „ „ „ ...... „ „ . take a year off to
travel and then go back to education. 3 A: There's so much to do and I don't have enough time! B: Don't worry. I „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ . „ „ „ „ „ „ „ . help you. 4 A: Why did you call me over? B: I „ „ . . ' „ „ „ „ „ . „ „ . give a speech next week and I need yóur help. 5 A: Do you have any ice cubes left? B: I „ „ . „ „ . „ „ „ . „ „ . „ . „ „ „ . „ „ „ check in a minute. 6 A: I hear you're going to Paris next summer. B: Yes. I .. „ ....... „ ...... „ .... „ .. „ „ work as a nanny. 7 A: Why are all those bags with clothes in the hall? B: I .... „ ........•.. „ „ . take them to a charity shop. 8 A: lt's getting pretty windy out here! B: Yes, it looks like we .. „ . „ ... „ . „ . „ . „ .... „ have a storm by the end of the day. 9 A: Oh no! l've just cut my finger! B: Run wat er on it. I „ . „ „ .. get some bandages. 10 A: Can you give me a lift to school tomorrow? B: Sure. I .............. „ .. „ . „ „ . pick you up at 7:30.
224
2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1O 11 12 13 14
lub brak wiedzy, np.
When you 1) spend (spend) a day at Tranquillity Day Spa, you 2) .... „ ... „ .............. „ ........ „ .. (have) the most relaxing day of your life. As soon as you 3) ..................... (arrive), you 4) ············ .......................... (breathe) in the fresh I) 'f1 · mountain air and 5) .·· ·· ·· ·· ·· ·· ··· ················ ····· ·· (fee as ' you G) ............ „ ....... „.„ ............. (be) in a different world. As you 7 ) ... „ .. „ „ ................ „ .......... (enjoy) your day, . you can choose different ways to relax. You can soak tn a hot spa or unwind with a massage. ~ranquillity Day Spa has something for everyone to en1oy. lf you S) ....................................... (want) something to eat, you can visit our award-winning restaurant.
I don't know, I doubt, I wonder, l'm not sure itd. I c/on't know whether I will go out or not. • Czas present simple stosujemy, mówiąc o harmonogramie. The play starts at 8:30. 0 Czas present continuous stosujemy. mówiąc o planach na najbliższą przyszłość. l'm seeing '!>,.. Terry tonight.
Czasu future continuous (czasownik will+ be+ czasownik z końcówką -ing) używamy: • mówiąc o czynnościach, które odbędą się w określonym czasie w przyszłości; Th is time tomorrov\~ !'li be flying to fvlexico. • mówiąc o czynnościach, o których wiemy. że się wydarzą, gdyż odbywają się regularnie lub zostały zaplanowane;
1_Fill in will or be going to.
Czasu future simple można użyć po: - słowie when, jeśli pełni ono funkcję zaimka pytającego; When will you come bod? (Por: He'// come when he finishes.) - po słowie if lub whether, jeśli chcemy
Dla czasu ·future simple i wyrażenia be going to charakterystyczne są następujące określenia czasu: tomorrow, the day a~er tomorrow, tonight, soon, next weeklmonthlyearlsummer, in a weeklmonth itp.
•
przyszłe
Surely, you 9) .... ··· .„. ···· ·· ···· ···· ······· ·· · (come) away feeling relaxed. By the time your stay 10) ... „ •.•..•••..••.•......•......•••.•. (be) over, you 11 ) ............................ (begin) planning your next visit.
l'm hungry. I will eat/am eating an apple. You must study harder or you will fail/are failing your exams. l'm afraid I am missing/will miss my flight. Sam has finished school, so he will look/is looking for a job. I will travel/am travelling to Spain next Thursday. This time tomorrow we will travel/will be travelling to Poland. Will you be using/Do you use the car tonight? I have to take Billy to football practice. Look at the clouds. lt is raining/is going to rain I feel tired. I will have/will be having an early night. Th is time tomorrow, I will be taking/shall take my driving test. Don't worry, Mum. l'm not forgetting/won't forget to call you. Alice is being/will be a famous pianist one day. I am flying/will fly to the Ba ha mas at 1O o' clock. I can't wait! He is studying/is going to study engineering when he finishes school.
1
3
Put the verbs in brackets into the future simple or the present simple.
1 A: B: 2 A: B: 3 A: B: 4 A:
B: 5 A: B: 6 A: B: 7 A: B:
Will you be (you/be) here when I get (get) back? Yes, I still have some work to do. Have you finished with the washing-up yet? No. I „ „ . „ .. „ . „ „ „ . „ „ . „ . „ .. „ . „ .... (do) it after I hoover the carpet. Oh! lt's very cloudy out there today! I „ .. „ „ „ „ ... „ ... „ ... „ „ „ „ .. „ . (take) an umbreli a with me in case it ... „ „ „ „ „ . „ ... „ „ .. „ ... (rai n). While you „ „ .. „ ... „ „ .. „ „ .. „ „ . „ .. „... (be) he re, „ . „ „ „ ...... „ . „ .. „ . „ „ .. „ „ (you/help) me move the sofa? Sure. No problem. Jackie will be late today. I .. „ „ . „ „ . „ „ . „ „ „ . „ „ . „ .. (take) a nap until she . .. „ „ . „ „ .. „ . „ . (get) here. Has Sally landed in Paris yet? I don't know. She . „ „ . „ „ .. „ . „ ... „ ..... (ring) us as soon as she „ . „ „ . „ „ „ . „ „ . (get) to the hotel. Can I use your dictionary? 1'11 give it to you when I .. „ . „ „ „ . „ „ „ ... „ „ .. „ . „ (finish) with it.
.
.......;/~(i~f:)i
Choose the correct item.
5
Circle the correct item. What time „.„.? A is the film starting B will the film be start does the film start
©
2 1'11 be home before you .... ,,.from the airport. B arrive A are going to arrive C will arrive 3 l'm not sure whether Ross ...... his exams or not. A will pass B will be passing C passes 4
I .. „„ my dentist tomorrow at 6 o'clock. A see
B will see
C am seeing
5 Don't call me before 5 o'clock tomorrow. I „„ „ on my project. A will work B am working C will be working
225
I
a
Bezokolicznik/Czasownik z
końcówką -ing
Bezokolicznik/Czasownik z 1
Bezokolicznik to podstawowa forma czasownika, która może występować: a) z partykułą to. She wants to become a docto1: b) bez partykuły to. She'll study Medicine. Formę
•
do wyrażania celu;
She went to the market to buy same fresh fruit. po niektórych czasownikach (agree, appear, decide, expect, hope, pl9n, promise, refuse itp.); They expect to be back next week. • po wyrażeniach would like, would prefer, would love •
•
itp., jeśli odnoszą się one do konkretnej sytuacji; I would love to go to the cinema with you tonight. po przymiotnikach wyrażających uczucia/emocje (happy, sad, glad itp.), chęć lub jej brak (willing, eager, reluctant itp.), cechy charakteru (c/ever, kind itp.) oraz po przymiotnikach /ucky i fortunate; I was very happy to hear from he1: He's wi/ling to answer
all your questions. She's lucky to have somany friends. UWAGA: W przypadku przymiotników odnoszą cych się do cech charakteru można użyć konstrukcji bezosobowej.
ft was kind of you to fet us use yo ur swimming pool. • po wyrażeniach too i enough; ft is too co/d to go out. She's not o/d enough to drive. •
mówiąc o nieoczekiwanym zdarzeniu (zazwyczaj ze słowem only);
, He arrived home only to find that he had left his keys at work. w konstrukcji it +be+ przymiotnik/rzeczownik; ft was sad to see him go. • po wyrażeniu be + firstlsecond/nextllast itp.; She was the last person to hear about the news. • po czasownikach i wyrażeniach ask, leam, explain, decide, (ind out, want, want to know itp., jeśli
Czasownik z końcówką -ing Formy z końcówką -ing używamy: • jako rzeczownika; Smoking is not good for your hea/th. • po czasownikach admit, appreciate, avoid, continue, deny, fancy, go (w określeniach czynności), imagine, mind, miss, quit, save, suggest, practise, consider, prevent; He suggested going to the cinema. • po czasownikach love, like, enjoy, prefer, dislike, hate,
następuje po nich zaimek względny;
He /earned how to cook from his dad. UWAGA: Po zaimku why używamy podmiotu i czasownika, a nie bezokolicznika. I wonder why she didn't get better marks.
• w wyrażeniach to tell you the truth, to be honest, to sum up, to begin with itp. To be honest, I forgot to invite Mary to the party. Bezokolicznika bez to używamy:
itp.); •
226
•
'
My brother spends most of his free time surfing the Net. po przyimku to w wyrażeniach takich, jak look forward to, belget used to, in addition to, object to, prefer (doing sth to sth e/se); We prefer going camping to staying in a resort. po innych przyimkach;
She was thinking of moving out of her house. • po czasownikach hear, /isten to, notice, see, watch oraz fee/. w zdaniach opisujących jedynie fragment postrzeganej zmysłami czynności; I /istened to them practising their song. (Wysłuchałem jedynie fragmentu próby.) ALE w zdaniach opisujących całość czynności używamy bezokolicznika bez to. I listened to them practise their new song. (Wysłuchałem ich wykonania w całości.)
„. e~m1ęiji)t:~·r •
po czasownikach modalnych;
Bob can prepare tas ty gourmet meaIs. • po czasownikach /et, make, see, hear oraz fee/; They made him tell the truth. ALE w stronie biernej po wyrażeniach be made, be heard, be seen itp. używamy bezokolicznika z to. He was made to tell the truth. • po wyrażeniach had better i wou/d rather; \'ou hod better /eave before it gets too dark. • z wyrażeniami used to i supposed to. When I was younger, / used to play sports.
meeting.
Po czasowniku help może występować bezokolicznik z to lub bez.
papers to Mr Jones?
Jeśli dwa bezokoliczniki z to połączone są za
7
be fussy if you haven't got much choice. So l've decided
I used a new shampoo to wash my hair with. Jeśli nie chcemy powtarzać czasownika, możemy
~
l've never visited China, but /'d love to.
a bed with four walls around me. However, l'm a university student and l'd like 3) to have/having a holiday, but I don't
5) giving/to give it a try. We fancy 6) to go/ going to a
10 We'd love coming/to come to the park, but we have to study.
Greek island or somewhere like that, where the weather will be hot and sunny and we can 7) swlm/to swim. We want 8) to find/find out how 9) getting/to get there on the cheap and which island would 10) be/to be best. Anyone
11
Rachel is busy studying/to study for her exams.
have any suggestions?
12
Sue made me to stay/stay with her till her dad
Gary
carne. 13
lt's no use waiting/to wait any longer, we'll be late.
14/3 There are not a lot of campsites on Greek islands. I went
14
He agreed to meet/meeting me tonight.
15
I don't know what do/to do next.
camping last summer in Corfu and had a brilliant time at a place about 1Okm north of Corfu town. Just a few tips for
16 We're really looking forward to ski/skiing in
you:
Gstaad. You had better 1) book/to book early if you want to get
2
2
cheap flights. Be sure 2) taklng/to take mosquito repellentl
Circle the correct item.
You need 3) packing/to packa torch. Go to the local
Ann tries to avoid ...... shopping on Saturdays.
taverna and try 4) order/ordering 'mezedes' - these are
A go
starters and are delicious. lt's worth 5) to vislt/vlsiting
B to go
(g going
Paleocastritsa where you'll enjoy fabulous views and
I spent a lot of time ...... the attic. A cleaning
B to clean
C clean
stunning sunsets. You should always 6) wear/to wear a hat when sightseeing
3
4
5
Do you want me ..... you to the airport?
to protect your head from the sun. You don't want
A take
7) getting/to get sunstroke.
B taking
6
C to take
Steven went to the supermarket ...... some milk.
Make sure you don't leave rubbish on the beaches. You
A to buy
can 8) throw/throwing it away or recycle it in the special
Tom doesn't like
B buy „
„„
A eat
C buying
bins.
spicy food.
B eating
C to eat
Billy denied ...... the window. A break
dzające drugi bezokolicznik można pominąć.
użyć samego słówka to.
Mark spent a long time working/to work on his
8 l'd rather not talk/talking about it. 9 She let me look/looking at her old photos.
B to break
C having broken
Iwould prefer to stay at home and watch a film.
•
year. I wasn't so sure about it. I prefer 2) sleeping/sleep in
have a lot of money. My brother said it's no use 4) being/to
pomocą spójników and lub or, słówko to poprze-
• 'Jeśli czasownik normalnie występuje z przyiml
Most of my friends are thinking of 1) going/go camping this
4 Peter doesn't mind to do/doing the washing-up. 5 l'm fed up with take/taking the bus every day. 6 We' re sorry to hear/hearing about your accident.
They he/ped me (to) lift the boxes. •
Read the following entries and choose the correct item.
14/3
3 Would you be so kind as to take/take these
project.
Diana enjoys p/aying with the chi/dren. ALE mówiąc o konkretnej sytuacji (would /ikelwou/d prefer/would love) używamy bezokolicznika z to; She'd love to have a few days off work this week. • po wyrażeniach be busy, it's no use, it's (no) good, it's (not) worth, what's the use of, can't help, there's no point in, can't stand, have difficulty (in), have troub/e itp.; lt's no use trying to convince her when she's a/ready made up hermind. • po czasownikach spend, waste lub /ose (time, money
a
2 He'd better not forget/not to forget the
jeśli wyrażają ogólne upodobania;
•
•
They denied to be/being responsible for causing the accident.
-ing tworzymy przez dodanie do czasownika końcówki -ing. going, playing, working
Bezokolicznik Bezokolicznika z to używamy:
3
Choose the correct item.
końcówką -ing
7
Brian's dad let him ...... his car for the weekend. A borrow
8
l'm looking forward A to go
B to borrow C borrowing „
„
„
on holiday.
B to going
C going
Hope you enjoy your camping experiencel
Czasowniki modalne
Bezokolicznik/Czasownik z końcówką -inq Wyrażenia
Imiesłowy
•
e
too i enough Wyrażenia z tao mają negatywny wydź':"ięk i inform~ją o tym, że jakaś cecha występuje w nadm1~rn~n: stopniu. Słowo tao stawiamy przed przym1otrnk1em lub przysłówkiem. Często występuje po nim bezokolicznik z to. This box is tao heavy for me to lift. Wyrażenia z enough mają pozytywny wydźwięk i informują o tym. że ktoś/coś posiada jakąś cechę w odpowiednim stopniu. Słowo enough stawiamy
•
·ing)
wyrażają cechy osób lub rzeczy.
Il was an interesl"ing book. Uaka była książka? Ciekawa.) e Imiesłowy czasu przeszłego wyrażają odczucia osób,. She was interested in the book after reo ding a few lines. Uakie były jej odczucia? Była zainteresowana.)
umiejętność/
brak umiejętności
przed rzeczownikiem, ale po przymiotniku lub przy-
Wyrażenie z imiesłowem i zdanie główne muszą
możliwość,
słówku. Często występuje po nim bezokolicznik z to. There is enough food to go around. She is fit enough to enter the marathon.
odnosić się do tego samego podmiotu.
prawdopodo-
~ Słowa enough
I don't have enough f/our to make a cake. (Potrzebuję więcej mąki.) Słowa enough nigdy nie używamy przed przymiotnikiem, możemy natomiast poprzedzić przymiotnik słowami quite lub fairly.
4
.
Rewrite the sentences using
tao and enough.
She isn't strong. She can't lift the table. She isn't strong enough to lift the table.
2 The car is very expensive. We can't buy it. 3 The soup is very hot. We can't eat it. 4
lt is windy. I can fly the kite. ·························································· 5 l·h~~~--~-i~t.~f cherries. I can make a cherry pie.
5 ·Complete the sentences with the words in brackets and A: B: 2 A: B: 3 A:
B: 4
A:
B: 5 A: B:
bieństwo
beclroom.
prawdopodo-
jest za mało lub że jakaś cecha nie występuje w dostatecznym stopniu.
~e's quite cleve1:
While wotching T\I, I heorcl o loucl crosh in the
używamy również w zdaniach~
przeczących oznaczających, że czegoś
228
Imiesłowy czasu teraźniejszego (czasownik+
ZASTOSOWANIE
tao or enough where necessary.
Is Paul ald enough (old) to drive? Yes, he looks young, but he's 18. lt's ..................... (cold) in here. l'm freezing! Let's turn on the heating. These jeans aren't .................................... . (big) for me. 1'11 find you a bigger size. Have you got ............................................... . (money) for the bus? Yes, Mum. 1'11 have ................................. . (change) for a snack, too. Thanks! Is she going to solve the puzzle? Yes. lt's .................................................. · ···· ··· · (easy), so she won't have a problem.
bieństwo
6
Choose the correct item. Mrs Harris was very pleased/pleasing with the
logiczne przypuszczenie
results. 2 The noise of the fireworks was frightening/
3 4
He isn't surprised/surprising that he failed the
pozwolenie/ zakaz
We might neecl lO gel it fixed. (prawdopodobieństwo 40%) lt is likely tlwt Peter wi// win the race. (Możliwe, że Peter wygra.) Peter is like/y to win the roce. (Peter zapewne wygra.) ··H~·~;;·~~~-j"J"i;~'ii~~~:~·5·c;c;;j'.""(p;:~;;_;d~p~d~bi.~ń~~~~·"ij(}%)············································
przeszły
teraźniejszy. przyszły
....
„ ..•...•.•.........••.••..........••••... teraźniejszy.
Thev ought to be tliere by now. (prawdopodobieństwo 90%)
przyszły
\'au must be hunyry. (prawdopodobieństwo 90%) lt can't be vety lote. lt's stili bright outside. (Z pewnością nie jest bardzo póino.) She couldn't possibly be ot work. Jt's post midnight. (Z pewnością nie jest w pracy.)
Might I jo in you? (bardziej oficjalna prośba o pozwolenie) You may go out. (oficjalne udzielenie pozwolenia)
/'m afraid you can't/mustn't eat in class. (nieoficjalny zakaz) Visitors mav not toke ohotoaraohs. (oficialnv zakaz)
I mu st cfeon the cm; lt's dirty.· (subiektywne przekonanie o konieczności) Don has to be ot work ot 9 om every morning. (obiektywna konieczność) Sue has gat to rest. She's iii. (konieczność) konieczność/
brak
happened? (worry) B: I left Tim's CD at home and he'll be really ......•. „ ....••.... „ .•....•......... „. with me. (annoy) 3 A: Ron won't be ......... „ •• „ ...•. „ ..•. „..... until project's finished. (satisfy) B: lt's .............. „ ........ work, too! (exhaust) 4 A: That was an „ ... „ ... „.. . . game. I love netball. (excite) B: Are you ..... „ ...•..... „ . „ ..... „ .......• „ „ in for the team? (interest) 5 A: lt's ........ „ ..•.. „ .•.• „ ...... to watch birds build nest. (fascinate) B: Yes, l'm .. „ .• „ ...••....•.....•... „. by how they them together. (amaze)
She can w1/1 the morothon. (prawdopodobieństwo 90%) lt could be voluable. (prawdopodobieństwo 50%) /-fe may be tired. (prawdopodobie11stwo 50%)
/-le was al/owed to go to the party lost night. (udzielenie jednorazowego pozwolenią,; NIE: He GQIJ/d-qo ... ) We couldn't/weren't al/owed to weorjewellety at school. (zakaz)
Cornplete the sentences with an adjective formed from the word in brackets using
A: This is a really interesting documentary. (interest) B: lt looks rather ......... „ .. „ ....... „ to me! (bore) 2 A: You look ... „ . „ „ .... „ •......•• „ ..... „ .. „ „ . „ . What
/-le was oble to repoir the domoge. (umiejętność zrobienia czegoś w przeszłości - pojedynczy przypadek) She coufdn't/wosn 'ta ble to write w hen she wos three. (przeszła umiejętność) They couldn'tlweren't ab/eto run fast. (umiejętność zrobienia czegoś w przeszłości- pojedynczy przypadek)
··~v~-~~·~;i"~i/.;;~;.~-~ii~;~;Ti~·i;;·~~·;·"b;~·~"k·~;t··i·;··~·:~i~~'k·~·~~;;·d;y,·(~
centre. 6 lt has been a tired/tiring day. 7 The situation is very worrying/worried.
participles.
przyszły
···················································································· ························ '.
Could / leave eorly, p/ease? (prośba o pozwolenie)
exam. 5 We are exciting/excited about the new sports
7
··~i~·~:~·~;;J;~~~-~--~bi~·;·~·~i;f"\;~·;,~~"ii.""('p;;~~;i~·~;:;;i~ję~~~ść)"
teraźniejszy.
teraźniejszy.
przyszły
We can/ore ol/owed to take 20kg of luggoge with us. (udzielenie pozwolenia) \1ou can't/are not al/owecl to eot in c/oss. (brak pozwolenia)
frightened for the dogs; they wouldn't stop barking. He gave an interested/interesting lecture yesterday.
CZAS
/-le rnn/con't drive. (Umie/Nie umie ... ) She's able to speok En9/ish f/uently now. Thev can't run fast.
konieczności
rada
wypowiedź
krytyczna obowiązek
The grass needs cutting/needs to be cut. (konieczność)
teraźniejszy.
przyszły
························ przeszly
teraźniejszy.
przyszły
You don't łwve to/don't need to/needn't woit; it's open. (brak konieczności)
···································································································-····················································································································· I had to be home by 1O. (konieczność) Sue hod to rest when she wos iii. (potrzeba) The grass needed cutting/to be cut. (potrzeba) /-le didn't have to woit; it wos open. (Nie musiał czekać; było otwarte. Czynność nie nastąpiła, gdyż nie było takiej potrzeby.) You should!ought to weor o scarf; it's cold. (rada) You had better finish your homework. (rada) Sha/11 go? What do you think? (prośba o radę) She could ot least tell us. (Mogła nam przynajmniej powiedzieć.) She shou/d be mare po/ite. (Powinna być bardziej uprzejma.) You really ought to be mare he/pfu/. (Powinieneś więcej pomagać.) You must have o license to drive o cm; (prawny obowiązek) We ought to help the poor ond needy. (moralne zobowiązanie)
przeszły
teraźniejszy.
przyszły
teraźniejszy,
przyszły
teraźniejszy.
przyszły
229
IJ
Czasowniki modalne
Czasowniki modalne
prośba
Can I borrow your pen, please? (prośba) Could I use your notebook, please? (uprzejma prośba) May I have a word with you? (oficjalna, uprzejma prośba) Might I have a word with you? (bardzo oficjalna prośba) Will you help with the cooking later? (uprzejma prośba) Would you mind opening the window? (uprzejma prośba)
propozycja
Can /!we help? (propozycja) Would you like me to give you a lift? (uprzejma propozycja) Shal/ we buy same chocolotes for her? (sugestia) , //We can always go later, ifyou like. I/We could go /ate1
sugestie
--
teraźniejszy, przyszły
teraźniejszy, przyszły
, . -....11111111~..............................11111111111111.-. . . . . .111111111....11111111111111111.-11111111.-. . .1111111111................lilllilll'ElllElll~~
pamiętaj\)-
• •
Wyrażenia Pytając
o
..,
be oble to można używać także w innych czasach. f've been ab/eto cycle since I wm fow: (present perfect) stosuje się czasowniki can, could lub might, lecz nie may. Could rhey be in Boston? (NIE: A4ay..t/:ie)Lb~R
możliwość,
Udzielając
przyzwolenia, nie
używa się
czasowników cou/d i might. "Cou/d 1leave earlv todayr ·Yes. you can/may." (NIE:
-Y€Sr)'Gtl
rould.) be a/lowed to używa się zazwyczaj w odniesieniu do pojedynczego wydarzenia z przeszłości. We were al/owed to use aur dictionaries during the exam. (NIE: Vi.l€!-C--0t1ld-use-o.ut=-diwai:iai:ies..du~11m.) • Czasownika cou/d używa się, relacjonując udzielenie pozwolenia. "\'ou can/a re al/owed to use your dictionaries during the ernm," the teacher said. The teacher said we cou/d use aur dictionaries du ring the exam. • Formą czasu przeszłego czasowników have to i must jest had to. She must see the /awyer today. (teraźniejszość) She lwd to see the /awyer yesterday. (przeszłość) • Czasowniki must i have to mają nieco różne znaczenie w zdaniach pytających. Mu st I tidy my bedroom? (konieczność wynikająca z nakazu osoby pytanej) Do/ lwve to tidy my bedroom? (konieczność wynikająca z obiektywnych okoliczności) • Czasownik must nigdy nie jest stosowany jako bezokolicznik. Można natomiast użyć bezokolicznika to have to. l'd /wte to have to get up early in the moming. (NIE: /'d /wte W-must get up early in the morning.) • Czasownika shou/d/ought to używamy, udzielając rady, a czasownika must, aby udzielić usilnej rady. ''\'ou should/ought to take regu/ar exercise," my friend said to me. (Rada, której niekoniecznie trzeba posłuchać.) "\'ou must take regular exercise," the doctor "-. said to me. (stanowcza rada) •
Wyrażenia
L
.
~·
1
2
Match the synonyms. a b c d e
I advise him to stay in. You are obliged to stay in. lt is necessary to stay in. Is it OK if I stay in? Am I allowed to stay in? f Can you please stay in? g l'm sure he is in. h lt's forbidden to stay in.
1 A: Kelly's late. B: She can/might be stuck in traffic. 2 Colin should/could train every day if he wants to win the race. 3 The floor's clean; it needn't/doesn't need cleaning. 4 The baby's crying; she has to/needs feeding. 5 No matter how hard she tried, Jane wouldn't/ couldn't turn the canoe upright. 6 Donald is stili in Moscow, so you mustn't/can't nave seen him. 7 They must/can be exhausted; they've been running for hours.
1
1
3 You want to stay at your friend's house for the weekend. Ask your parents for permission. 4 Your brother wants to use your laptop. Give him permission.
5 lt's quite hot and you'd like to turn on the air conditioning. Ask the secretary for permission.
6
.
2 You are not allowed to stay out late. 3 Unfortunately it was raining, so I didn't paint the fence.
:. :
4 l'm sure they are from Brighton.
: 5 Why don't you offer to help him with the car? " 6 What about eating out tonight? 7 lt isn't necessary for us to book a room after all; the hotel is nearly empty.
Choose the correct item.
A: Anna
Rephrase the following sentences using an appropriate modal verb. Do you want me to help you lift the table? Can I help you lift the table?
:'
You want to take the day off tomorrow. Ask your boss for permission. May/Can/Gould I take the day off tomorrow, please? 2 Your friend wants to borrow your iPod, but you have left it at home. Refuse permission:
6 lt's a teacher's duty to look after the pupils at school. A teacher ........................................................ . 7 We had better take the train; it's quicker. We ....................................................................... . 8 lt isn't a good idea to lend him money. You ......................................................................... . 9 lt is forbidden to let dogs off the lead in the park. You ......................................................................... . 10 Students aren't allowed to talk during the exam. Students .„ .... „ .... „„ .. „ ... „ .... „„„ .......... „„ ....... „ .. „ .. . 11 There's a slight chance that Megan will go to Bristol next week. Megan .................................................................... . 12 l'm sure they are stili at home. They ........................................................................ . 13 lt isn't necessary for Helen to get a taxi. Helen ...................................................................... . 14 They are obliged to wear a uniform at work. They „ ...... „„.„ ........ „„ ......... „ .... „„„ .. „ ..... „ .. „.„.„ ... .
4 Choose the correct item.
Study the situations and write sentences using
may, can, cou/d or can't.
l'm sure she's warm enough. She must be warm enough. We' re allowed to wear what we like to school. We„ ......... „„ ......... „ ......... „ ....... . 3 There's a possibility of rain today. . lt ..... „ ........ „ .... „ ............... „„ .......... „ .. „ .. „ ............ „. 4 lt is wrong of her to go without them. ;' She . 5 lt isn't necessary to wash your hair every day. .· You ........ „ ... „.„„.„ .... „.„ .. „.„.„„„.„ .............. „.„.„„.
SGSWRt)
•
5
Rewrite the sentences using the correct form of
must, need, shou/d, might, could or can.
U
: .,
B: Birgitta
A: I love this place! B: lt 1) can't/can/must the nicest restaurant we've been to. A: Weil, I thought we 2) are likely to/can't/ might give it a try after I read some great reviews. B: Great choice. Let's look at the menu. Oh, and don't forget we're on a diet, so we 3) must/can/may watch what we order! A: How 4) must/can/might I forget? You remind me 1OO times a day! B: 5) Can/Must/Mustn't we share same dishes then? A: That 6) must/shouldn't/may be a problem. Other people are doing it and the portions are quite big! B: Hmm! Look at the grilled calamari with zucchini; that 7) can/can't/must be delicious! A: Sounds good to me. B: 8) Could/Must/Can't we start with a salad? I mean, there are so many delicious ones on the list. A: Sure. You 9) might/can/must choose whichever one you like. B: In that case, we 10) have to/are likely to/can't have the mixed greens. They're seasonal so they will be extra fresh ! A: Don't forget the sparkling water. I think we 11) can't/might/can order now.
231
Przymiotniki/Przysłówki/Stopniowanie
Czasowniki modalne 9
Przymiotniki
Circle the correct item.
Przymiotniki określają rzeczownik i mają tę samą formę bez względu na liczbę, rodzaj i przypadek gramatyczny. Przymiotniki występują przed rzeczownikami, ale po czasownikach be, look, sme//, sound, fee/, taste, seem, appear, become, get, stay itd. a big house She is beautiful. T/1ey seem happy. e Przymiotniki mogą określać cechy subiektywnie przypisywane przez kogoś danemu przedmiotowi, miejscu, osobie itp. (boring, exciting itp.), lub obiektywne atrybuty dotyczące wieku, wielkości, koloru, pochodzenia itp. (tall, thin, new itp.). Przymiotniki złożone mogą składać się z: a) przysłówka i imiesłowu czasu teraźniejszego; o long-/asting frienclship b) imiesłowu czasu przeszłego czasowników
You ...... park in a no-parking zone. C needn't A didn't have to ~) mustn't D aren't able to Are you one of the millions of Harry Potter fans? lf you are, then you 1) shouldn't/don't have to miss taking a trip to Orlando, Florida. This is where you 2) ought to/can find the new Harry Potter park. You 3) will be able to/might see how Universal has brought the adventures of Harry Potter to life. Visitors 4) can/need stroll the streets of Hogsmeade, go on thrilling rides and tour Hogwarts Castle. No one 5) should/might leave the park without going on the Forbidden journey. This ride will fly you over the area on a very mysterious and magical rollercoaster. While you're there, you 6) can/ought shop for magical items, school uniforms and scarves, or even your own magie wand at the many specialty shops. You definitely 7) have to/might experience this world where magie and fantasy come to life before your eyes!
lt's necessary for you to revise before an exam. You need to/have to revise before an exam. 2 l'm sure Ryan is on holiday. 3 Would you like me to pick you up in the morning7 4 lt's possible that Henry will visit Australia this sum.mer. 5 He is obliged to write a report at the end of every week. 6 lt isn't necessary for you to hand in your essay today. 7 Perhaps Bob will get a promotion. 8 lt's forbidden to send messages on your mobile in the classroom.
2 A: Was that Liz on the phone7 B: Yes. She ..... drop in for a visit tomorrow. C needs A must B has to D may 3 A: Why aren't you at the cinema7 B: I .. „ „ get in to see the film. You have to be over 18. C shouldn't A might not D ought not B couldn't 4 A: I wonder where Jared is. B: He „ „ „ stili be at work. A ought B had to
232
przeszłego 0
e
złożonych;
lt's already 8 o'clock. Give him a call. C would D might
Cl broken-clown 1voshi11g mochme c) liczebnika porządkowego i rzeczownika; o two-hour drive
Kolejność
5 A: There's nothing on TV tonight. B: We ...... play a board game if you like. A have to C could D must B need to
we/1-poic/ clerk Funkcję przymiotników mogą również pełnić rzeczowniki, które w tej funkcji występują tylko w liczbie pojedynczej. evening 111eol - eve11i11g 111eols Niektóre podobne przymiotniki różnią się znaczeniem: a) He yove her o gold nec klace. (zrobiony ze złota) They wa!ked on the go/den sond (koloru złota) b) ')he bought o silk dress. (wykonany z jedwabiu) Siw hos lovely silky hai1: (jedwabisty) c) They climbed over a low stone wo/I. (zrobiony z kamienia) I ie yove me o slony look us I entered the „,Jom. (chłodny, niemiły)
przymiotników
Jeśli w zdaniu występuje więcej przymiotników, ich kolejność jest przeważnie następująca:
lt'sa
6 You ...... show an ID when you pay by credit card. A have to B could
Przysłówki e Przysłówki określają czasowniki, imiesłowy czasu przeszłego, przymiotniki lub inne przysłówki. He drives fast. The truth was cleverly hidden. She is o very gifted chiId. She to/ks incredibly loud/y. • Przysłówkiem może być jedno słowo (sleepily) lub wyrażenie (before dinner). Przysłówki mogą opisywać sposób (how), miejsce (where), czas (w/1en), często tliwość (how o~en), stopień (to what extent) itp. She runs quickly. Oak biegnie? Szybko. przysłówek sposobu) The plumber is here. (Gdzie jest hydraulik? Tutaj. przysłówek miejsca) He walkec/ to work this morning. (Kiedy poszedł do pracy? Dziś rano. przysłówek czasu) /-le usual/y goes to the gym in the afternoons. Oak często chodzi po południu na siłownię? Zazwyczaj.
C would D might
7 A: Mary's father doesn't look well. B: Weil, he ...... be tired. He's just come back from work. A couldn't B needs
C may D can't
8 I ...... finish all my Maths homework yesterday. C should A could B was able to D might 9
> >
>
...... I speak to you for a moment? A Should C May D Must B Need
>przysłówek częstotliwości)
10 A: Doesn't Claire have a job? B: She ...... work. Her husband has a good job. C doesn't need to A couldn't D can't B mustn't 11 There's ice forming on the stairs. We some salt on them before someone slips. A are able to C could B ought to D would A can B have
C must D need
Tworzenie przysłówków Przysłówki na ogół tworzymy przez dodanie do przymiotnika końcówki -/y. close - close/y W przypadku przysłówków zakończonych na -le opuszczamy -e, a w jego miejsce wstawiamy-y. enjoyable - enjoyobly 0 Jeśli przymiotnik zakończony jest spółgłoską + y, opuszczamy -y, a w jego miejsce wstawiamy -iły. clumsy - clumsily • Do przymiotników zakończonych na -/ dodajemy -ty. playful - playfully • Do przymiotników zakończonych na -ie zazwyczaj dodajemy -ally. economic - economicalfy ALE public - publicly 0
0
. put
12 I ...... take my folder with me. 1'11 need it later. 9 I advise you to see a specialist about your ear infection.
d) przymiotnika, rzeczownika i końcówki -ed; o foir-hoirec/ boy (zamiast a boy with fair hair) e) przysłówka we// lub bad/y i imiesłowu czasu
'
•
Niektóre przysłówki zachowują formę przymiotnika. Należą do nich deep, early, fast, hard, high, late, long, low, near, right, straight czy wrong. Jack caught the early bus in to town. (przymiotnik) She arrived early for work. (przysłówek)
Kolejność przysłówków e
Przysłówki częstotliwości występują po czasowniku posiłkowym (be, have, do), ale przed czasownikiem głównym.
She has a/ways hotec/ green beans. Hany is never late. Philip never wakes up ear/y. • Przysłówki sposobu Występują przed czasownikiem głównym, po czasowniku posiłkowym lub na końcu zdania. She slowly made her way home. He is anxiously vvaiting for his test results. Please c/on't talk loudly. e Przysłówki stopnia (abso/ute/y, completely, totally, extreme/y, very, quite, rathet' itp.) poprzedzają przymiotnik, przysłówek lub czasownik główny, ale występują po czasowniku posiłkowym. She is very thankful. She works quite hard. They total/y agreec/ with my c/ecision. • Przysłówki miejsca i czasu występują zazwyczaj na końcu zdania. Hove you seen her /a tefy? • Przysłówki czasu, takie jak as soon, now lub now and then występują przed czasownikiem głównym, ale po czasowniku posiłkowym. We now understand the deloy. 30 fi lms are soon returning to the cinemo.
233
O Przymiotniki/Przysłówki/Stopniowanie 1
3
Put the words into the correct order.
Przymiotniki/Przysłówki/Stopniowanie
Underline and identify the types of adverbs in
Stopień wyższy
each sentence.
Stopnia wyższego używamy przy porównaniu dwóch osób lub rzeczy pod względem jakiejś cechy. Stopnia najwyższego używamy przy porównaniu większej liczby osób lub rzeczy pod względem jakiejś cechy.
a lovely/handbag/leather 2
2 a table/glass/round
3 a(n) shirt/expensive/silk/pink 4 a blue and white/porcelain/vase/Chinese ····················4J1······················································
5 a(n) sports/red/car/expensive
-(e)rl-(e)st
4
dwusylabowe lub dłuższe: za pomocą słów mare i most. e
Complete the gaps with an adverb formed from
•
easier (than) narrower (than)
the easiest (of/in) the 11arrowest (of/in)
mare powerful (than) more intelligent (than)
the most powerful (of/in) the most intelligent (of/in)
Przymiotniki w stopniu wyższym przeważnie występują ze słówkiem than. Tim is shorter than Tony. Przymiotniki w stopniu najwyższym przeważnie występują z konstrukcją the ... of/in (słówko in odnosi się do miejsc lub grup). He's the smartest of all. She's the funniest person in the class. Niektóre przymiotniki tworzą stopieri wyższy i najwyższy albo za pomocą kor'lcówek -erl-est, albo za pomocą słów mare i most. Należą do nich: dever, common, crue/, friendly, gent/e, narrow, pleasant, polite, shallow, simple, stupid,
t '
~f a ~~~ws or
przysłówki, które zachowują formę przymiotnika: dodajemy końcówki -erl-est
but that didn't stop my brother and I from gomg . u We 1) quickly (quick) dragged our toboggans up a h ·d and sled down 2) ······· .............. „ heap of snow out s1 e .• •
przysłówek
~~~h-·f~~··~h~~-·~~··refused.
13 a(n) oval/Greek/large/pot/clay
Ben and I made an
Stopniowanie nieregularne
14 a woollen/blanket/pink
-~rzymlotnlk/Przyslówek
good /well bad I badly much many I a lot of little far
5) .......... : ................... .
15 a china/plate/round/beautiful
Which adjective best completes each exchange? • simple • outdoor • soft • comfortable • boring
(complete) covered in snow. Needless to say, Mum wasn't pleased at
jakimś względem.
5
3
pool. A: I can't keep my eyes open. B: Neither can I. The film is so ....................... it's
4
putting us to sleep! A: I can't sew this button back on my shirt! B: Here, let me show you. lt's really ............... „
better worse more mare less farther/ further
St.
be st worst most most least farthest/ furthest
the earliest
mare ohen more quickly
the most often the most quickly
Pr7.ymiotnik e/der/e/dest ( + rzeczownik) odnosi się do członków rodziny.
• najwyższy
earli er
My e/der brother is a vet. ALE My brother is o/der than me. • Przysłówek furt/1erlfarther = dalej (w sensie przestrzennym). My house is further!farther away from the train station than my brother's. Przymiotnik further = dodatkowy, dalszy (w sensie przenośnym).
For further information, please contact Jane Williams. • very + stopień równy Lucy is a very good dance i:
W zdaniach
przeczących występuje
not aslso ... as.
This sofa is as modem as that one. Th is book isn't as good as that one.
• less + przymiotnik + than: wyraża różnicę między dwiema osobami lub This bed is less comfortable than that rzeczami. Przeciwieństwem tej konstrukcji jest mare ... than. one. Put the words below into the correct column.
• the least + przymiotnik+ of/in: wyraża porównanie większej liczby osób Th is is the least popular song on the lub rzeczy w obrębie grupy. Przeciwieństwem tej konstrukcji jest most ... of/in. album.
• warm • sadly • late • similar • perfectly • fast • intelligent • early • wrong • friendly . • well • extremely • long • now Adjective
.. ,
wyższy
the fastest
all!
1 · A: That armchair looks pretty comfortable. B: lt's aur best model. Have a seat and try it out. 2 A: What's a bulldozer doing in the Livingstons' .... .
St.
faster
often quickly
mare
i most.
igloo and even had a snowball fight. We were so , .............. (incredible) happy! 4) ······················ f t d or Hours later we walked in the ron o
fast
early: opuszczamy -y i dodajemy końcówkę -ierl-iest early
przysłówki dwusylabowe lub dłuższe: za pomocą słów
(immediate). . ·t M arents wanted us to come in because i_ w Y P (awful) cold but we were havmg
12 a(n) suitcase/expensive/modern/ltalian
234
power ful i11tellige11t
the simplest (of/in) the thinnest (of/in)
................... „ ..
Dear Diary, Schools were closed this morning because
a cake/delicious/carrot
you'll see. 5 A: Do you like my new jumper? B: Yes, it fee Is very ................................ .
najwyższy
quiet. friendly- friendlier - friendliest LUB friendly ·mare friendly ·most friendly
1O a dangerous/road/winding/country
back garden? B: lt's digging a hole for their new ........... „
St. Ithe tallest (of/in)
St. równy St. wyższy tall taller (than) sim ple simpler (than) thi11 thinner (than)
dwusylabowe zakoriczone na -/y, -y lub -w: easy dodajemy końcówki -ierl-iest lub -erl-est. narrow
the adjectives in brackets.
9 a(n) new/interesting/course/Philosophy
2
I
P~miotniki
by the phone. 4 They were really surprised to see her with Rick. 5 Bob hardly ever speaks in class. 6 Sebastian rides his bike carefully. 7 You'll find all the information you
8 a silver/bracelet/shiny/lovely
11
najwyższy
jednosylabowe: dodajemy końcówki
8 Maria is quite shy.
a summer/warm/night
7
,,
i
3 She waited impatiently
need there.
6 a(n) huge/antique/wooden/wardrobe
frer11wncy
We often travel by bus. You can see Mr Daniels after lunch.
a lovely /eather handbag
B
Adverb
6
Complete the table by filling in the
1
adjectives,
comparatives and super/atives.
Ad)ective & Adv
Adjective
warm
srnarr )
ea_sy_
tomparative-rsu-peflative···
I
smal/er
.
+-_t:l~.<:~.01all~st
J::"'_~cęęry~=i~eri e ""'I'
.
lITT.Tl11?.'?!!~.n_t ..·- - .· - __ l-----Older··-·· ·-1-----------:, :
_____
J___ ..
..
. ..... .
2
3 4 5
Write the comparative and following adverbs. happily hard fast angrily rapidly
mare happi~y
superlative forms of the (the) most happily
235
Przymiotniki/Przysłówki/Stopniowanie 8
Fili in:
of, than, in,
or
1OComplete the sentences with the correct
the.
comparative or superlative form
of the adjectives.
The blue whale is the largest mamma I ever to have lived on the Earth. 2 Jonas is the smartest student ............ the school.
3 ............ larg est and most populated continent in the world is Asia.
4 Frank likes pop music more ............ classical.
5 Patty is the most reliable person . ... ... .. ... the company. 7 The peregrine falcon can fly much faster ......... . any racing pigeon. Henry is the tall est ............ all the boys.
8 9 Athens is warmer ............ Ro me in sum mer. 1O TerreStar-1 is the world's largest commercial satellite ............ space. Jessica is ............ kindest person I know.
12 Natalie is prettier ............ her sister.
9
Zdania przydawkowe W zdaniach przydawkowych stosujemy: a) zaimki np. when, where, why.
Complete the questions with the correct
comparative or superlative form of the adjec~ives and then choose the correct answer.
do!
That's the boy who/lhat sits in front of me in class.
B: Relax. So far l've done ..................... .
B: She's the .............................. (old) one.
4 A: Haven't you finished your homework yet? B: lt's a lot ....................................... (hard) than I expected. 5 A: Lady Gaga is so popular! B: Popular? She's ................................. (famous)
B Mars
Which planet is the ................ (far) from the sun?
A Neptune
B Uranus
Whlch planet is the ················ (close) to the sun? A Saturn B Mercury . h (many) moons than Wh1ch planet as .... · · · · · · · · · · · · any of the other planets? A Jupiter B Saturn ( cold) than the Which planet is . · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ................ (cold) place on Earth 7 A Uranus B Venus Which planet is ..... · ··· · ·· · · ·· (small) of all? B Mercury A Mars
which/that
The loptoµ (which/t/wt) vou boui]hl is expensive.
Tlwr's rhe mon whose cle><) uttockecl nie.
whose/of which llicll ~ the cor the leg of
which/whose leg is /)10/.e·11
Zaimków whom, which, whose można używać z przyimkiem of.(some of, many of, half of itp.). We met many people on holiday Many of them were from En9lond
•
Zaimka that można użyć zamiast zaimków who, whom lub which, ale nigdy po przecinku ani przyimku .
We met many people on holiday many of whom we re fmm E119/011d That's the customer who/that refused to pay his bill. The vase, which is on the dining table, is an w 1tique. (nie można użyć that)
b)
Przysłówki
(comfortable) now, thanks.
7 A: Have you already finished connecting the
- where (=in/at/on/to which) - nie
dishwasher?
why (=for which) -
•
comparative or superlative form.
@
przysłówki,
•
musician in the world of pop right now.
6 A: Are the extra pillows helping a little? B: Yes. l'm much ................................................ .
The wonion (who/whom!thal) .lock is to/kiny to is his aunt.
which/that I heard a sorg which/t/wt wns real/y
3 A: Which of your sisters is Sarah?
11 Put the adjectives in brackets into the positive,
Earth? · Mercury
who, whom, whose, which, that lub b)
a) Zaimki względne
B: Yes. lt was ........................................ (simple) than I thought.
Which planet is nearer (near) to the sun than the
względne, np.
the last one we saw. 2 A: Why are you sitting around? We have work to
(much) than anyone else here.
6 What's ............ most appetizing meal on the menu?
11
A: This is a rather long film. B: Yes, but it's mare interesting (interesting) than
Zdania przydawkowe i okolicznikowe
Dear Anthony, How are you? I just got back from spending New Eve in New York. As you know, it is 1) the most fam (famous) party of the year in 2) „„„ .. „ ... „„ (spectacular) city in the world! There's nothi. 3) ... „„„„„ ... „.. (good) than celebrating the last night the year with millions of people on the streets. We started the evening in Times Square. You ca imagine how many people are there for the celebration.Jt'. much 4) .„ ..... „.„.„„„ (exciting) to see it live than on and the people are 5) ............ „.„.„ (friendly) than thought they would be. New York is also not 6) „ ... „„ .. „„ ..... (dangerous) as it used to be; it is a I 7) „ .. „.„„ ... „ .. „ (safe) nowadays. After we welcomed in the New Year, we went to celebr at 8) „„ ... „„.„.„... (large) and 9) .„„.„„„.„.„„ (ol nightclub in America, Webster Hall. Their balloon show i by"far 10) .. „„„„ .... „„ .. (amazing) l've ever seen. They ha five dance floors and eight of 11) .. „ .. „„„„.„.„ (hot) DJs i the world were there. There were even fire breathers trapeze artists and stilt walkers. We danced till the morning hours. lt's 12) .. „„.„„ .. „.„„ (wild) party l've ever been to. I think we should go there together next year. Speak to you soon, Eric
•
można pominąć
można pominąć
The schuol where I usecl w go hm been den10/isl1ed
Thot's the remon (why! she left so ec1r/y
Z zaimkami where i when nie stosujemy przyimków. The house wh~re she ;;~w up wos sold. (NIE: The hGYSe wheP
That was the year which Igot my PhD in.
Przyimki w zdaniach przydawkowych Przed zaimkami względnym zazwyczaj nie stawiamy przyimków.
That's the box in which we keep the books. (forma oficjalna, rzadziej That's the box which we keep the books in. (forma często używana) That's the box we keep the books in. (forma najczęściej używana) Ograniczające •
używana)
i nieograniczające zdania przydawkowe
Ograniczające zdanie przydawkowe podaje informację konieczną dla zrozumienia sensu zdania nadrzędnego. Zdania
takiego nie oddziela się przecinkami. Stosuje się w nim następujące zaimki: who, which, that, whose, where, when,
why. The man who teaches us French at schoo/ goes to my gym. •
Nieograniczające zdanie przydawkowe podaje dodatkową informację, która nie jest konieczna dla zrozumienia sensu zdania nadrzędnego. Zdanie takie oddzielamy przecinkami. Stosuje się w nim następujące zaimki: who, whom, which, whose, where lub when.
My cousin Laura, who is studying in /tafy, wants to be an artist. W nieograniczających zdaniach przydawkowych nie można opuścić zaimka ani zastąpić go słowem that. Michael, who lives next door, is a doctor. (NIE: Afa;/:igs', IJ·~ t=11?>ft GJggr, .•• MiGl:IGJs/, tf:IGit IJ11es t=1€>ft GJggc, „.)
237
fJ 1
Fill in:
Zdania przydawkowe i okolicznikowe
Zdania przydawkowe i okolicznikowe who, which, whose, when, where and why. Say
3
whether they can be omitted or not.
A: Is this the new comedy show .. „ mentioned the other day? B: No, but this one is also new.
relative
pronoun or adverb in brackets. ...........
you
That's the girl. Her father teaches History at our school. (whose)
Zdania okolicznikowe czasu Zdania okolicznikowe czasu wprowadzamy za pomocą następujących spójników:
2 This is the park. There used to be a basketball court there. (where)
when, as, whi/e, before, after, since, unti//til/, whenever, as long as, by the time, as soon as, the moment (that), no sooner ... than, hardly ... when, once, immediately, the first//ast/next time, etc.
3 Having patience is important. You're working as a
• Jeśli zdanie okolicznikowe czasu poprzedza zdanie główne, oddzielamy je od niego przecinkiem.
That's the girl whose father teaches History at out selwo/.
2 A: I received a beautiful bouquet of roses from Steve this morning ! B: So, that's the reason ... for your acklress.
Join the two sentences using the
spent 1O
nursery school teacher. (when)
Whenever she has mone\',
she qoes shopping.
zdanie okolicznikowe czasu
zdanie główne
years teaching in Africa?
J,
B: Yes. She's just moved back to town. A: I found this parcel on my desk. Is it yours? B: No. I have no idea ................... it belongs to.
4 This is the estate agent. I gave him the deposit on the house. (whom)
She ąoes shopping
place ................... he last saw her.
6 A: Are those the pictures from your last trip? B: No. They're from the summer .... I went to the Greek islands. Fill in:
czasów
obowiązuje zasada następstwa czasów. Jeśli czasownik w zdaniu głównym jest w czasie teraźniejszym lub przyszłym, czasownik
w zdaniu okolicznikowym występuje w czasie teraź· niejszym. Jeśli natomiast czasownik w zdaniu głównym jest w czasie przeszłym, czasownik w zdaniu okolicznikowym również występuje w czasie przeszłym.
zdanie główne
whenever she has money. zdanie okolicznikowe czasu
5 I bought a cooker. lt was faulty. (which)
6 This is the reason. I never go to that part of town. (why)
czas past simple lub past perfect
4
He had breakfast after he had had a showe1: We had made lunch before Mum gat home.
Fill in the correct relative pronoun or adverb. Put commas where necessary. Write I for (identifying),
NI (for non-identifying) and say whether the
5
Choose the appropriate phrase.
6
relative pronoun can be omitted or not.
3 Is this the place ....................... the accident took place? ......... .
4 I need to give you back the book ....................... . you lent me last month ........................ .
5 The actress ........................ husband is a journalist is
always
on
the
front
page
of
celebrity
magazines.
6 My father ....................... is a doctor works at the General Hospital in town ........................ . Does anyone know the reason aur teacher isn't here today? ....................... . 8
I will always remember the day ....................... . my brother won the golcl medal in gymnastics.
9
The articles
..... our teacher suggested
we reacl are very interesting ..... .
Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense. A: Did Todd water the plants?
that!which I like most is Science. I - rnn be omitted 2 Carla, whose sister is a pianist plays the violin. NI - cannot be omitted The subject
7
czas past simple lub past perfect
• W zdaniach okolicznikowych czasu nigdy nie używamy czasowników willlwould. Call me as soon as you hear from him. (NIE: „. 615 5ggr;i 615)'9"1 "';"f:ie61r ... ) • when (spójnik czasowy) + czas teraźniejszy lub przeszły /'11 give her the parcel when I see he1: when (zaimek pytający) + will/would We don't know when we'// be back.
where, whose, which, who, whom, when and why.
Where can you mix European charm, North American splendour and great nightlife? Come to Montreal, Canada, 1) where you can enjoy all this and mare. The city is made up of French and English speakers as well as immigrants 2) .................... come from all over the world. There is a blend of over a hundred nations here 3) .................... makes Montreal one of the most unique urban cultures in the world. All these people, most of 4) .................... have kept their cultural traditions, have added to the international flair, taste and colour of the city. Montreal is famous for its great food and very colourful cultural corners. lt is also the city 5) .................... arts and music scene is in the headlines. No one really understands 6) ··············:····· this city is so fascinating and fun; it just is. lt is especially exciting in the summer months 7) ................... . visitors can find non-stop entertainment at the International Fireworks Competition, and the Montreal Jazz and Comedy Festivals. Of course, a visit is not complete without a ride on a caleche (horse-drawn carriage) through the picturesque Old Montreal.
He /ets the cat out as soon as he gets home. /'li email you the moment I get there. Clean up the room before our guests arrive.
J,
5 A: Is that the man ................... wife disappeared? B: Yes. So tragic. They're doing a report from the
2
Następstwo
W zdaniach okolicznikowych czasu
. he asked me
3 A: Was that the teacher
4
fJ
B: No. He'll do it when he
Hi Wendy, You won't believe what happened to me last night. My friend Fiona and I had just walked into the corner shop 1) while/when there was a robbery. We 2) noticed/had noticed a couple of strange-Iooking men in a car 3) before/until we went into the shop, but thought nothing of it. Anyway, 4) as soon as/as long as we reached the magazine stand at the back of the shop, we 5) bad heard/heard glass smashing. 6) AsfWhile we tumed around, we saw pieces of glass everywhere and two robbers pointing guns at the clerk. 7) The moment/Immediately I looked at their faces, I 8) was reałising/ reałised they were the guys we had seen in the car. To our surprise, they had driven the car into the shop. We quickly fell to the floor and waited there 9) when/until the police mTived. Luckily, they only took money and left, so no one was hurt. So, what happened to you yesterday? Liane
comes (come) back
from the bank.
2
A: Where's Mr Smith's contract? B: I think Lydia put it on your desk before she ........................................................ (leave).
3 A: Are you sure it was Cynthia? B: Yes. The moment I saw her she ................... . .............................................. (wave) at me.
· 4 A: How about joining me on a camping trip this weekend? B: Weil, l'd love to, but I can't go anywhere right naw until I . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . .. . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . .
(finish)
my project.
5 A: Can I borrow your green jumper? B: Of course. You can keep it as long as you ........................................................... (like).
6 A: Mary, will you buy me two cartons of milk when you ............................................. (go) to the supermarket, please? B: Sure. Anything else?
239
Zdania przydawkowe i okolicznikowe
Zdania przydawkowe i okolicznikowe Zdania okolicznikowe celu
.·..
Zdania okolicznikowe celu informują o celu podjętej czynności. Cel pozytywny (aby coś się stało) można wyrazić za pomocą konstrukcji: • to + bezokolicznik
Tina phoned the dentist to make an appointment. • in order to/so as to+ bezokolicznik (oficjalnie); /-le bought a video comera in order to record the mate/i. • so that +can/will (w odniesieniu do teraźniejszości lub przyszłości); Leuve the lights on so thai I con see in lhe hol/way. e so that + could/would (w odniesieniu do przeszłości);
She gave me clirections so that I eau/cl fine/ her house eosily. in case + czas teraźniejszy (w odniesieniu
o
do teraźniejszości lub przyszłości);
Take un ulnbrello in case it rains. • in case + czas przeszły (w odniesieniu do przeszłości); She hacl token her mobile piwne with her in case she neec/edit.
Bed 1oils prevent chi/dren (from) fa/ling out of l>t'cl. • avoid + czasownik z końcówką -ing; /-le left eorly to ovoicl missing the lost bus. • so that + can't/won't (w odniesieniu do teraźniejszości
lub przyszłości); I/I moke o list so that I won't fo19e1 011y1hi119. • so that + couldn't/wouldn't (w odniesieniu do przeszłości).
/-le set the oleum clock so that he wou/dn't be lote.
Wyraz so ma wiele różnych żaj, aby się nie pomylić.
znaczeń,
dlatego uwa-
Eve1ything hoppenecl so quickly that I didii"t hove lime ro think. (So wyraża skutek, a nie cel.) She set her Lllorm cioci~ so tlwt she 1·vouldn't be lote for work. (So wyraża cel.)
We also use computers for surfing the Net. • with a view to + czasownik z końcówką -ing. - Tom gat a summerjob with a view to saving same money.
240
1
The reason for her being obsent wos the bod weothe1: podrzędne - The bad weother wos the reason why she was absent. The reason why I clicln't buy the dress is thot it wos too expensive. • because of/on account of/due to + rzeczownik - All trains were delayecl because of/on account of/due to the heavy snow. • because of/on account ofldue to the fact that +zdanie podrzędne - She asked to borrow my car because of/on account of/due to the fact that hers was in the garage. 111 (now) that +zdanie podrzędne - Naw (that) she has a degree, she con get a job in o compony. the reason why +zdanie
111
9
for(= because) (styl nieoficjalny) - Zdanie okolicznikowe przyczyny rozpoczynające się od for występuje zawsze po zdaniu głównym. Loons will not be qive11, for there is 011 economic aisis. Choose the correct item.
1OFi li .in: the reason why, the reason for, because of, naw that, since or due to.
przeznaczenie lub funkcję);
lt had been a long day. Richard had been at university all evening and was looking forward to spending some time with Tracy. Unfortunately. she called 1) so that/to let him know she was going to be a little late. He ha~verything planned. lt was Tracy's birthday. He hag rung the Chinese restaurant the day before 2) so as /for to order their dishes. They were having a three-course meal. They had already delivered the food. He had told li·acy that he was a great cook, but that was not true. So, he had been very careful to hide everything 3) in case/to avoid she found out. li·acy would be home any minute. He looked at the table one more time 4) in order to/so that make sure the candles were still burning. The door bell rang. Richard ran to the door: He was holding some flowers 5) to/for Tracy. To his surprise, Tracy and Mr Yung were both on his doorstep. Mr Yung had forgotten their dessert. Now li-acy knew his secret. She looked at him and smiled: "I stili love you Richard, and Mr Yung, I hope you're a good cook!"
from)
+ czasownik z końcówką -ing;
l've bought him a jumper for his birthday. • for+ czasownik z końcówką -ing (wyraża
Choose the correct item.
not to.
e prevent +rzeczownik/zaimek(+
UWAGA: Wyrażenia in case nigdy nie używamy z czasownikami wili i would. • for+ rzeczownik (wyraża cel czynności);
7
e because - I bou9ht her u i]ilt because it wos her birthc/oy. Because it was her birthcloy, I bought her o gift. e aslsince (= because) - Wecouldn'tgooutsince we hod no money. As/sincewehod no money, wecouldn'tgoout. e the reason for+ rzeczownik/czasownik z końcówką -ing - The reason for her absence was the bad weothe1:
He took o taxi to work so as not to/in order not to be late. używamy
Zdania okolicznikowe przyczyny Zdania okolicznikowe przyczyny informują o przyczynie zdarzenia lub czynności i zaczynają się od następujących wyrażeń: because, as/since, the reason forlwhy, because of/on account of/due to, now that, for itp.
Cel negatywny (aby coś się nie stało, aby czegoś uniknąć) można wyrazić za pomocą konstrukcji: • in order not to/so as not to + bezokolicznik; UWAGA: Chcąc wyrazić cel negatywny, nigdy nie
U
8
Join the sentences using the words in brackets. She to6k a taxi to work today. She didn't want to miss the meeting. (in order not to)
Slie took o toxi to work today in order not to 111iss the meeting. 2 This is a USB stick. You use it to stare and transfer files from your PC. (for)
3 They put up a wire fence. They didn't want their dog to go into the neighbour's back garden. (prevent)
4 They called the hospital. They wanted to find out how their friend was doing. (to)
5 He bought a bicycle. He can get to school faster now. (so as to)
6 She finished her homework early. She wanted come with us. (so that)
1 Same homes flooded a few days ago due/ because of the heavy rains. 2 No one really knows the reason for/reason why the buses are on strike today. 3 Since/For we are all here, we might as well do something useful like cleaning up. 4 Everyone was late for school today due to/on account the strike. 5 She was absent from the competition because/ for she was iii. 6 There's no way 1'11 make it home on time as/due to l'm stili at work. 7 Due to/Since a lack of interest, we are cancelling the show. 8 Since/Now that I know the truth, I can forgive her. 9 As/On account of it was getting dark, Liam turned on the lights. 1O The reason why/The reason for the accident was that she hadn't seen the man on the motorbike. 11 All flights were cancelled because/due to the fog. 12 Cynthia was late for work because of/because of the fact that there was a traffic jam on the motorway. 13 Now that/For she has got her degree, she's going to look for a job. 14 Jill's train was late on account of/since the heavy snow. 15 William turned down the job, for/now that it was too far from the city centre. 16 Due to/The reason for the power cut, many houses didn't have heating.
1 lnvestigators discovered that the fire was due to : faulty wiring. 2 „ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . „ ....... we' re friends, 1'11 let you in on a ~ little secret. 3 ... I didn't buy the latest iPhone is because it was too expensive. 4 We couldn't walk to school ................................ . the icy roads. 5 Can someone please tell me .„ . „ .. „ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . „ .. the delay? „
••••••••••••••••••••••
11 Combine the sentences using the words in brackets. 1 I can't call Debra. I haven't got her new number. (as) I can't call Debra as I haven't got her new number.
2 Vanessa made plenty of mistakes. She wasn't concentrating. (due to the fact) 3 The lead singer cancelled the concert. He broke a leg. (due to) „ 4 I am late. There was a lot of traffic. (the reason why) 5 There was a crowd standing in front of her. She couldn't see the show. (because of)
6 The exam is over. Now, l'm going to take a break from studying. (now that) ············································································i! 7 Rick was late meeting his friends. He lost track of ' time. (because) (, „
....... „
.. „ .....•. „
.•....•..... „
...... „ .. „ . „ .. „ • . . . . „
.... „ .....
141 ~
fJ
Zdania przydawkowe i okolicznikowe
Zdania przydawkowe i okolicznikowe
Zdania okolicznikowe skutku
Zdania okolicznikowe przyzwolenia
Zdania okolicznikowe skutku informują o skutku zdarzenia lub czynności i zaczynają się od następujących wyrażeń:
Zdania okolicznikowe przyzwolenia wyrażają kontrast i zaczynają się od następujących wyrażeń:
• as a result/therefore/consequently/as a consequence - The pilots are on strike. As a result1Therefore/ Consequently!As a consequence, all flights have been cancelled. so - I was feeling hungry, so I macie myself a sandwich.
o
such a/ an + przymiotnik+ rzeczownik policzalny w lp. - ft is sucha good film that everyone wants to see it. such + przymiotnik+ rzeczownik w Im./niepoliczalny - They were such friendly people that I will never their hospitality. ft was such nice weather that we hod a pienie in the park. e sucha lot of+ rzeczownik w lm./niepoliczalny- There were sucha /otofpeop/e on the bus that wecouldn'tgeton. e e
There was sucha lot of snow that I couldn't getto work.
• so + przymiotr'flk/ przysłówek - The film was so boring that we left ha/fi;vay through. He speaks so fast that nobody can unclerstancl him.
• so + przymiotnik + a(n) + rzeczownik - lt was so good a day that we went for a walk. • so much/little + rzeczownik niepoliczalny - There is so much information on the Net that I clon't need to look onywhere else. James /ws got so little time that he can't come to the party.
• so many/ few + rzeczownik w Im. - There we re somany errors in the essay that it hod to be rewritten. She hod so few paper plates for the porty that she hod to go and buy same mare.
• but - He song very we/I, but he clidn't win the competition. • although!even though!though + zdanie podrzędne - Even tlwugh jest bardziej dobitne Although!Even though!Though it was hot, he wore o jacket.
He wore a jacket although/even though!though it wos hot./ ft was hot. He wore a jocket, though. o in spite of/de spite+ rzeczownik/ czasownik z końcówką-ing In spite of/ Despite his qua/ifications, he coulcln't find a job. He couldn 't fine! a job in spite of!despite being qualified. o in spite of/despite +the fact that +zdanie podrzędne - In spite of/Despite the fact that he hod talent /1e coulcln't fine/ a job CIS a singe1: • however/nevertheless - Po lwweverlnevertheless zawsze stawiamy przecinek. She ieft earl\! However!Neverthe/ess. she missecl the train. et white/whereas - She is blue-eyecl, whi/e/whereas her brother has dark brown eyes. et yet (oficjalne)/stil/ - ft was Novembe1; yet it was qui te worm./ My dog is olei. Stil/, he is very active. e on the other hand - I wani to go shopping. On the other hand, I shou/d try to save some money.
-
12 Fill in so, such or such a/an.
2
3
4
5
6
7
8 9 10
11
12 13
14
242
niż a/though. Though
ma charakter nieoficjalny. używane jest w mowie potocznej i może występować na końcu zdania.
pamięta}\
lt was such a touching film that we couldn't stop crying all the way through. They are .................. good friends that they hardly ever argue. Jill put ... ... ..... .. ... .. little effort into her studies that she barely passed her exams. I had .. ..... ... ... ... .. bad headache yesterday that I left the party early. He had put ......... „ ....... little milk and sugar in my coffee that it tasted bitter. She is .. „ . „ „ „ „ „ „ . attractive model that everyone wants her autograph. I packed .. .. ... .. .. .. ... .. lot of clothes that my bags were too heavy to carry. lt was .. ~ ............... late when we got back that everyone was fast asleep. He was .. ... .. .. ... .... .. hungry that he · could have eaten a horse! lt was ............ „.... bad weather that we didn't go out. My neighbour's stereo was on „ .. . . . . . . . . .. . .. . loud last night that I could hardly sleep. We had ...... „ .......... amazing time in Brighton that we promised to return. Mrs Williams speaks ....... „ .... „ .. . softly that we can hardly hear her. There was . .... ... .... .. .. .. much noise that I couldn't study.
fJ
,
o Wyrażeń in spite ofldespite można używać również w środku zdania. Ronaldo will play in Sundoy's match in spite of/despite being injured. o
!!..
Konstrukcji having + imiesłów czasu przeszłego używamy. mówiąc o wcześniejszym wydarzeniu, które pewne konsekwencje. They dicln't win the competition, in spite of!despite having dancecl ve1y we/I.
miało
14 Fill in: even though, a/though, however, whereas,
1)
of yet another heavy snowfall wa - . I · h . 1nmg, op e m t e UK are running home for shelter. 2) „ .. „ „ , many schools are going to be closed for pe
„.„„.
2
~he
week. Other European countries are having severe cold weather that same people ave even lost their lives. Conditions are so dangerous and icy 4) „ „ „ .. over 22,000 flights have b~en cancelled throughout Europe. In same countnes the snow is 5) d emer en . „„„„ eep that ~ cy serv1ces are having a hard time reac~mg people in trouble. lt has been snowin h
) „„„„
sa:
hheav1I~ for at least a week and authorities t ere 1s mare coming 6) • „ „ „ ..• they are as king people to stay inside and keep warm.
3
4
5
6 @As a res~lt A Such as A such A such 5 A that 6 A consequence
1 2 3 4
B B B B B B
Therefore Such as a result SO SO
sucha
c c c c c c
Such Consequently therefore that such therefore
7
15 Rewrite the sentences using the words in
despite, in spite of or though.
brackets, as in the example.
A: This camera is better than that one. B: Not really. This one is digital, whereas that one is not. A: What happened at the demonstration yesterday? B: „ „ .............................. aur efforts, city officia Is decided to tear down the ald theatre. A: How did you do in your exam 7 B: ..................................... I studied hard, I don't think I passed. A: Did you enjoy your winter holidays in Aspen? B: Oh, yes. Certainly! We had a great time ........ . ......................... the cold. A: Were you able to finish the test, Paula? B: lt was very long ........................... , I answered the last question just in time. A: ....................... „ „ . „ .......... Mr Roberts worked hard for the elections, he didn't win. B: I know. He's so disappointed. A: Are you coming to my birthday party tomorrow night, Helen? . „ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . the fact that I have lots B: of work to do, l'm going to be there. I wouldn't miss it for the world!
The professor's speech was long. lt was interesting. (but) The professor's speech was long but it was interesting.
2 We waited in the queue for hours. We managed to get tickets. (however) 3 She has got lots of experience but she can't find a job. (although) 4 He's an amazing baseball player. He plays cricket badly. (on the other hand) 5 Matthew has a sore throat. He wants same icecream. (despite) 6 The baby has been awake all day. He is stili energetic. (though)
7 Rick concentrated hard. He was unable to salve the problem. (nevertheless) 8 Kelly loves classical music. Her sister does not. (whereas)
243
fi
Strona bierna
Wykrzyknienia
Wykrzyknienia
Strona bierna
Wykrzyknienia to słowa lub zdania wyrażające podziw, zaskoczenie itp. Tworzymy je za pomocą wyrażeń what (a/an), how, such, so lub stosując pytania zawierające przeczenie.
Stronę bierną
•
so +przymiotnik/przysłówek- The sunset is so wonderful! He sings so wonderfully!
tworzymy za pomocą odpowiedniej formy czasownika to be oraz imiesłowu czasu przeszłego.
Present simple
• such a/ an + przymiotnik + rzeczownik policzalny w lp. - This is sucha de/icious pizza!
Present continuous
• such + przymiotnik + rzeczownik w Im./niepoliczalny - We had such important information! Those ure such p/easant memories! • what ( + przymiotnik) + rzeczownik policzalny w lp. - What a sweet boy! • what ( + przymiotnik) + rzeczownik w Im./niepoliczalny - What good advice! What warm boots! • how+ przymiotnik/ przysłówek - How beautiflll she is! How politely he behaves! • pytanie zawierające przeczenia(+ wykrzyknik) - lsn't he a ta/ented actor!
Past simple Past continuous Future simple Present perfect Past perfect Moda Is
16 Fill in: what (a/an), how, 50 or 5uch
lnfinitive
18 Find the mistakes and correct them. What intelligent he is!
17 Make exlamations using negative question forms. He's so clever!
lsn't he clever! 2 She's so cute! 3 She drives so carelessly! 4 They look so happy! 5 He speaks so loudly! 6 He jumped so high!
244
How intelligent he is! 2
What interesting story!
3
He isn't funny!
4
Michael is such well-built!
They bake bread every doy. They are ba king bread now. They baked breod yestercloy. They were baking breod ot six o'clock this morning. They will bake breod tomorrow. They hove ulreody baked breoc/. They hod baked the breoc/ before we orrived. They can ba/ce bread. They wont to bake the breod.
Bread is baked every day. Breod is being baked now. Bread was baked yesterdoy. Breod was being baked at six o'clock this morning. Breac/ will be baked tomorrow. Breocl has o/ready been baked. Breocl had been baked before we orrived. Bread can be baked. They want the bread to be baked.
UWAGA: W potocznym języku można zastąpić czasownik to be czasownikiem to get, gdy mowa jest o wydarzeniach przypadkowych lub niespodziewanych. He got fired from his job. (zamiast He was fi red ... ) Zastosowanie Strony biernej używamy, gdy: • wykonawca czynności jest nieznany, nieistotny lub w danym kontekście oczywisty. The shop was broken in to. (Nie znamy sprawcy włamania.) The c/assroom is being c/eaned. (Nie jest istotne, kto to robi.) He was sentenced to 5 years in prison. Qest oczywiste, że skazał go sąd.) • sama czynność jest ważniejsza niż wykonawca, np. w nagłówkach programów informacyjnych i artykułów prasowych, oficjalnych ogłoszeniach, reklamach, instrukcjach itp. The meeting will be held in New York. • chcemy uniknąć odpowiedzialności za to, co się wydarzyło, lub nie chcemy wymieniać sprawcy lub przyczyny przykrego zdarzenia. My g/asses were broken. Does anyone know anything about it? • chcemy podkreślić wykonawcę czynności. Macbeth was written by Shakespeare.
(a/an). 1 What a splendid idea! 2 ........................... incredible she is! 3 This is „ „ „ . pleasant surprise! 4 . „ . „ „ „ „ „ „ . „ . „ „ „ . beautiful decor! 5 „. happy they look! 6 lt tastes „ „ „ „ „ „ .. „ .. „ . „ . „ ... good ! 7 . „ „ . „ .• „ „ „ „ „ „ „ . „ terrible tragedy ! 8 He's „ „ „ „ .. „ . „ „ „ „ . fun to be with ! 9 „ . „ „ . „ „ „ „ „ . „ . . „ ... fantastic party! 10 He's „ . „ . „ „ „ „ ... „ amazing person! 11 ..................... „ .... „ . horrible news! 12- . „ . „ .. „ .. „ „ .... „ . „ . „ . incredible plan! 13 „ ........ „ ... thoughtful he is! 14 He's . „ . „ ..... „ ......... talented artist! 15 lt's . „ . „ . . . . . . . . . . „ . . . . . . . . . magnificent! 16 .................... wonderfully he plays! 17 .. „ ........... awful thing to say! 18 .............. „ . „ . „ .. „ .. unusual design! 19 They try . „ „ . „ „ . „ „ „ . „ „ „ . . „ .. hard! 20 .............• „ .... „ „ friendly people !
e.
5 What fluently she speaks English!
6 How terrible a weather! Przekształcanie
7
What a wonderful film is it!
Dopełnienie zdania w stronie czynnej staje się w stronie biernej podmiotem. • Czasownik zdania w stronie czynnej pozostaje w tym samym czasie, lecz zmienia formę na bierną. • Podmiot zdania w stronie czynnej staje się wykonawcą, wprowadzanym za pomocą przyimka by lub - częściej - pomijanym.
•
8 She's so a brilliant writer!
19 Fill in: what(a/an), how, 5uch (a/an) or 50. A: Have you tasted Jill's chocolate chip biscuits? B: Not yet. But l'm sure they're delicious. Everything she makes is so good! 2 A: Did you see the new neighbour? I think she's rich! B: Yes. She wears . „ .•••• fancy clothes and drives expensive car.
strony czynnej na bierną:
podmiot czyNNA
Karen
+'
podmiot . „ •..•••.••
........ late you are? 3 A: Do you realise hard time getting here and B: l'm so sorry. I had finding parking. 4 A: Helen just gave birth to a baby girl! B: . „ . . . . . . . . . . „ „ wonderful! Helen and Tom must be happy! 5 A: Did you see Leonardo DiCaprio in lnception? B: Yes! „ .... „ .... „ „ . amazing actor! And the film; unique storyline!
BIERNA
czasownik
is making
ł.k
czas o w ni
Thecakes are being made
dopełnienie
thecakes.
ł
wykonawca
byKoren.
• Tylko czasowniki przechodnie (czyli takie, po których występuje dopełnienie) można przekształcić na stronę bierną.
Str. czynna: Jack wrote a /ettei: (czasownik przechodni) Str. bierna: A /etter was written by Jack. ALE Str. czynna: The baby was sleeping in the car: (czasownik nieprzechodni) - brak strony biernej. Uwaga: niektóre czasowniki przechodnie (have. exist, seem, fit, suit, resemble, lock itp.) nie posiadają formy strony biernej. That dress suits you.
e
Przyimka by używamy, mówiąc o wykonawcy czynności lub przyczynie zdarzenia. Her dress was designed by
Zandro Rhodes. Przyimka with używamy, mówiąc o narzędziu, materiale lub składniku. The tree was decorated with lights. • Wykonawcę czynności można pominąć, jeśli podmiotem w stronie czynnej jest słowo they, he, someone/ somebody, people, one itp. Str. czynna: Someone had /ocked the doo1: Str. bierna: The door had been locked. e Wykonawcy czynności nie pomijamy, jeśli jest to konkretna lub znacząca osoba, istotna dla znaczenia zdania. Oliver Twist was written by Charles Dickens. • W przypadku czasowników, J
b) The story was to/d to Pat by Sam. • Jeśli w zdaniu w stronie czynnej po czasowniku występuje przyimek, w stronie biernej jego miejsce znajduje się tuż po czasowniku. Str. czynna: A wasp stung Rick on the arm. Str. bierna: Rick was stung on the arm by a wasp.
6 A: Have you noticed „ .. „ . „ „ ... tall Sarah has grown? B: I have. She definitely takes after her father.
245
O
Strona bierna
• Po czasownikach hear, help, see oraz make w stronie biernej występuje bezokolicznik z to, ale w stronie czynnej bezokolicznik bez to. Str. czynna: The nurse he/ped het wali<. Str. bierna: She was helped to walk by the nurse. • Czasownik Jet ma w stronie biernej formę be al/owed to. Str. czynna: Our teacher /et us use a dictionary. Str. bierna: We were a/lowed to use a dictionary.
1
Choose the col"tect word or phrase.
A big oak tree in the park was/has uprooted by the storm. 2 The tests are/have being marked today. 3 We're staying with relatives because aur house is being painted/painted. 4 The side of the van was/has been covered in graffiti. 5 The timetable will be/been changed in the new year. 6 When I visited Agatha Christie's house, it was being/ been renovated by the National Trust. 7 Don't throw that away! lt can to be/be recycled. 8 lt was a wonderful surprise to hear that I was/had been awa'rded first prize. 9 The rumour must have been/to be started by the _ company's competitors. 10 They were/have criticised for ignoring the problem.
2
Complete the exchanges using the correct passive form.
A: Who wrote the book Pride and Prejudice? B: lt was written (write) by Jane Austen. 2 A: Was it a good match? B: Yes, and the winning goal ........................... . (score) by Jameson. 3 A: What will they do from naw on? B: In future, all emails ...................................... . (check) for viruses. 4 A: Are they going to make an announcement? B: Yes. Arrangements ...................................... . (make) as we speak. 5 A: Why didn't they let you in? B: My name .................................................... . (not/include) on the list.
Strona bierna Pytania w stronie biernej tworzymy według tych samych zasad, co w stronie czynnej. Czasownik przybiera w nich formę pytającą. Str. czynna: Has he finished the work yet? Str. bierna: Has the work been finished yet? • Jeśli chcemy zadać pytanie o wykonawcę czynności, w stronie biernej używamy konstrukcji Who/What ...
•
4
passive
2 They must sell everything.
by? Who directecl the film? Who was the film directed by?
3
3 Does the zookeeper feed the animals every morning at 6 am? ............................................ . Put the verbs in brackets into the correct
passive tense.
4 Someone had already turned on the ligl1ts by the . ................... . time I gat there. ... ....... ..... 5 They introduced a new course at the college last year. ................. .
The ~rocess .~ of making
li
6
Michelangelo painted the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel. The ceiling of the Sistine Chape/ was painted hy Michelangelo.
Decide which sentences are passive {P) and which are active (AJ. Rewrite the active sentences in the appropriate passive form.
1 Our teacher gave us elear instructions to follow. A 2 A large cOJ'poration has recently taken over the company.......... . 3 You can eat this pasta dish hot or cold; it's delicious either way.......... . 4 None of the organie vegetables are treated with chemicals .......... . 5 Why wasn't the car locked? ......... . 6 The thunder and lightning kept us awake all night .......... . 7 We have to pick the flowers early in the morning so that they arrive fresh in the shops. We were given elear instructions to follow.
6 The waiters served the main course when we arrived .............................................................. .
First, the fruit of the olive tree 1) is collected (collect). Traditionally, olive trees 2) ...................... (beat) by hand to release the fruit but machines 3) . „ . „ „ „ „ „ .. „ „ ..
7 We will send your exam results to your home address ............................................................ .
(can/also/use) now to gather the olives from the
8 Have they finished the decorations?
trees. Any large branches and leaves 4)
„ .... „ „ „ . „ „ .. „ .
9 One person alone cannot do this job.
as soon as the olives 5)
„ „ .. „ „ .... „ „ .. „
(remove)
(bring) to the olive mill. Then, the olives 6) „ „ „ „ „ . „ „ „ . „ „ (put) through a cleaner, w_hich washes away other smaller twigs and in this way leaves and dirt 7) .....................• (can/remove). After this, the cleaned olives 8) ..... „ ... „ .. „ „ ...• (crush) and 9) „ „ . „ .. „ .. „ . „ „ „ (tum) into a paste,1 Then, hot water 10) „ .. „ „ „ . „ .•• „ . „ . (slowly/add).~
1O Are they repairing the damage at the moment?
11
5 2 3
to extract a liquid containing oil and water. The oil 12) . „ . „ •...... „ ... „ „
4
(separate) from the water and then the olive oil 13) „ „ ..... „ . „ „ .. „ „
5
(bottle), ready for use. This is the virgin
6 7 8 9
1O
246
Rewrite the following sentences in the
voice.
I]
7
In ltaly, they hold national elections every four years.
Change the following sentences in bold from the active to the passive voice.
Fill in the gaps with by or with.
A: That's a beautiful picture you've gat above the fireplace. B: I know! A friend of mine painted it.
The programme was produced by Global Studios. Th is ring was given to me ................... my aunt. The cake was made .... .... ... ... ... .... . al mon ds and dried fruit. They we re showered ... .... ... ... ... .... confetti aft er the wedding. l've been bitten .................... a mosquito on my shoulder. The fish can be served . .... ... ... .. .. ... ... ... ..... fresh vegetables. Yesterday, I was attacked ........................ a dog. The living room was decorated ......................... . balloons and streamers. The sandwiches are made ............................... . wholemeal bread. The song was performed ................................. . Shakira.
ft was painted by a friend ofmine.
2 A: 1'11 wash your jumper today if you like. B: No, don't do that. They must dry-clean it. 3 A: The castle is in a very bad condition. B: I know. They are going to repair it soon. 4 A: I thought it said No Entry here before. B: lt did, but someone took the sign down. 5 A: When will you have your new bed? B: They will deliver it on Thursday. 6 A: What a delicious cheesecake! B: Yes. My sister made it.
247
Mowa zależna
Mowa zależna
Mowa zależna W mowie zależnej przekazujemy. sens czyjejś wypowiedzi, ale bez jej dosłownego przytaczania. Nie używamy cudzysłowu. Komunikując treść wypowiedzi, używamy czasownika say, tell, suggest itp. oraz spójnika that, który można opuścić.
She said (that) she wouldn't tell anyone my secret.
Czasowniki say i tell • say bez dopełnienia - I-le said he was very Ured. • say +to+ osoba, do której skierowana jest wypowiedź- I-le said to us rthol) he wos very tired. • tell + osoba, do której skierowana jest wypowiedź - I-le to/d us he wm very tired. Wyrażenia
z czasownikami say, tell i as/<.
hello, good morning/afternoon etc, something/nothing, so, a prayer, a few words, no more, for certain/sure, etc the truth, a lie, a story, a secret, a joke, the time, the difference, one from another, somebody one's name, somebody the way, somebody so, someone's fortune, etc
Zdania oznajmujące w mowie zależnej W mowie zależnej zaimki i przymiotniki dzierżawcze zmieniają się zgodnie z sensem przytaczanej wypowiedzi. Philip said, "l'm seeing my friends tonight."-->- Philip said (that) he wos seein9 his friends that night. • Wypowiedź można przytoczyć po dłuższym czasie (gdy jej kontekst czasowy jest już nieaktualny) lub wkrótce potem (gdy kontekst pozostaje aktualny). •
Przytaczanie wypowiedzi, której kontekst jest już nieaktualny tel/) użyty jest w czasie przeszłym, czasowniki w zdaniu podrzędnym zmieniają formę czasu w następujący sposób:
Jeśli czasownik wprowadzający (say lub
. ,.
' -
mowa zależna
-->-
-
'"!t'lll~!'
He soid (thot) his flight /eft ot 3 o'clock.
present continuous
past continuous
"/am playing tennis this afternoon."
He said (that) he was playing tennis that oftemoon.
present perfect "/ have washed the dishes."
She said (thol) she had washed the clishes.
past perfect
"/paid f30 for the book."
past simple lub past perfect /-le said (that) he paid!lwd paid f.30 for the book.
past continuous
past continuous lub past perfect continuous
"/was watching TV all day yesterday."
He said (thot) he was watching/had been watching TV o/I doy the doy betore.
past simple
czas
przyszły
(will)
"/will call you tomorrow."
tryb warunkowy (would) He said (that) he would call me the next doy.
UWAGA: czasy past perfect i past perfect continuous nie ulegają zmianie w mowie zależnej. Zmianie ulegają również niektóre określenia czasu i miejsca: now today yesterday tomorrow thisweek /astweek
248
.'~„'
past simple
present simple "My flight Jeaves at 3 o'c/ock."
then, immediately thatday the day before, the previous day the next!following day thatweek the week before, the previous week
nextweek ago here this, these come bring
Pytania w mowie zależnej o Relacjonując pytania w mowie zależnej, używamy czasowników wprowadzających takich jak ask, inquire, wonder lub wyrażenia want to know. e Jeśli w mowie niezależnej pytanie rozpoczyna się od zaimka pytającego who, where, how, when, what itp., to
a question, a favour, the price, after somebody, the time, around, for something/somebody, etc
mowa niezależna
e Zmiana czasów w mowie zależnej następuje również wtedy, gdy mówiący uważa lub podejrzewa, że przytoczona wypowiedź jest niezgodna z prawdą. ltoly is bi99er thon the USA. -> /-le soid thot ltoly wos bi~Jyer them the USA. (Wiemy, że to nieprawda.) o Fo1-ma czasownika w przytaczanej wypowiedzi nie musi się zmienić, jeżeli: a) kontekst czasowy wypowiedzi pozostaje aktualny; mowa niezależna: Jim soic/, "/stil/ haven't finished my project." mowa zależna: _!im soid (that) he stil/ hasn't//wdn't finished his project. b) przytaczana wypowiedź wyraża prawdę ogólną lub prawo przyrody. The teocher soic/, "Cyprus is an is/and." -> The teacher said (t/wt) Cyprus is/was on is/and. • Forma czasownika w przytaczanej wypowiedzi pozostaje bez zmian, jeżeli: a) czasownik wprowadzający użyty jest w czasie teraźniejszym lub przyszłym. 7ievor /ws (often) said, "The computer cloesn't work." -> Trevor has (often) said (thcll) the computer doesn't work. b) przytaczana wypowiedź jest zdaniem warunkowym typu 2 lub 3. '/(I lNere you, I would study hordei;" Tony soid to me. -> Tony to/cl me (that) if he were me, he wou/d study harc/ei:
the week after, the following week before there that, those go take
w mowie zależnej zdanie podrzędne wyrażające to pytanie również rozpoczyna się od tego samego zaimka. "W/wt time do shops open, p/eose?" (pytanie w mowie niezależnej) I-le osked me what time shops opened. (pytanie w mowie zależnej) • Jeśli w mowie niezależnej pytanie rozpoczyna się od czasownika posiłkowego (be, do, have) lub modalnego (can, may itp.), to pytanie w mowie zależnej rozpoczyna się od słowa iflub whether. "Are there ony opp/es /eft?" (pytanie w mowie niezależnej) I-le asked me if/whether there were any app/es left. (pytanie w mowie zależnej) e W przytaczanych pytaniach w mowie zależnej czasownik występuje w formie twierdzącej. Pomijamy przy tym znak zapytania i wyrażenia takie jak please, we/I lub oh. Pozostałe zasady dotyczące zmiany czasu gramatycznego, zaimków i określeń czasu są takie same, jak w przypadku zdań oznajmujących. · "When is the next flight to Egypt, p/eose?" (pytanie w mowie niezależnej) He osked me when the next flight to Egypt was. (pytanie w mowie zależnej)
Rozkazy i polecenia w mowie zależnej Relacjonując polecenia w mowie zależnej, używamy konstrukcji order/tell+ dopełnienie+ (not) bezokolicznik z to. "Get out of the car!" (polecenie w mowie niezależnej) He ordered them to get out of the car. (polecenie w mowie zależnej) "Don 't talk!" (polecenie w mowie niezależnej) She to/d us not to tall<. (polecenie w mowie zależnej)
1
Fill in: say, tell or osk in the correct form.
We can't soy for certain, but we think we'll be late. 2 My mother taught me that I must always „ „ „ „ „ „ . the truth. 3 As I was entering the station, a man „ .. „ „ „ „ . me the time. 4 Bernie, „ „ . „ „ „ „ 'hello' to your new teacher. 5 l'd like to „ „ „ „ . „ „ a few words before we start the meeting. 6 Don't „ .. „ „ „ . I didn't „ . „ „ „ „ you to pick up some milk. I clearly remember „ „ „ „ „ . you this morning. 7 Joanie, co uId I „ „ „ „ „ „ . you a favour? 8 My sisters are twins; sometimes I can't „ „ „ . „ „ „ one from the other ! 9 Don't just sit there, . „ „ „ „ „ „ something ! 10 lt was awful! I „ „ „ „ „ „ . a joke and nobody laughed.
2
Fill in the gaps with the correct pronouns or possesive adjectives.
Ron said, ''l'm seeing Karen tonight." Ron said that he was seeing ~aren that night. 2 "I can't find your CD," she said to me. She told me that . „ „ „ . „ . couldn't find . „ . „ „ „ . CD. 3 "We' re taking our kitten to the vet," they said. They said that „ „ „ „ „. „ were taking „ „ „ „ „ „. kitten to the vet. 4 They said, "We always celebrate our wedding anniversary with dinner in a restaurant." They said that „ „ „ „ „. „ always celebrated „ „ „ „ „ „. wedding anniversary with dinner in a restaurant.
249
a 3
Mowa zależna
Choose the correct item.
Tryby warunkowe 5
Turn the following into reported speech, as in the example.
Heather said/told/asked me what I wanted for my birthday. 2 Mum told you not/not to/to not bother me when l'm studying! 3 James said that he would leave tomorrow/the previous day/the next day. 4 He asked/said/told he had no idea whether his 5
6 7
8
4
piane would ~rrive on time. My friend asked/said/told me if I was ready to go to the party. My sister told us that she wanted to make the cake myself/herself/himself. We asked Tony to come with us last Saturday, but he said he was working this/that/then day. Did anybody say/ask/tell you how pretty you looked in your new dress?
Never run near the pool.
3
2 Keep your head
Breathe through your mouth.
Zdanie warunkowe składa się z dwóch części: zdania okolicznikowego, które rozpoczyna się od spójnika ifi wyraża pewien wa1·unek, oraz zdania głównego, które opisuje skutki spełnienia bądź niespełnienia tego warunku. Jeśli zdanie wyrażające warunek (ifdause) występuje jako pierwsze, oddzielamy je od zdania głównego przecinkiem. Jeśli pierwsze jest zdanie główne, nie stawiamy przecinka.
ff the weather is good, we will go to the beach. We will go to the beach if the weather is good.
above the water.
Rozróżniamy
Typ O iflwhen + present simple prawdy ogólne 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - ' - - - - - - - - - - - - - ' - - - - - - - - - - - - - <
4 Don't panie.
ff/When you heat butte1; it melts.
Typ 1 warunek
5 Don't forget to kick your feet.
możliwy do spełnienia w przyszłości
2
.......... „
3
„ „ . „ „ .. „ „ „ „ .... „ „ . „ . „ . „ . „ ..... „ „ „ „ „ „ . „ . „ ... „ „ „ „
Typ2 warunek
..... „ ................ „ ..................... „ ........ „ . „ .
niemożliwy
4 .. „
...........••... „ .......••....... „
do spełnienia w terażniej
........•................
szości
Turn the following into reported speech.
6
Rewrite the following sentences in reported speech.
Typ 3 warunek
Fran said (that) she wanted to take up a new hobby. 2
"Leo has decided to buy a new car," Dad told me.
4
"They booked the table at the wrong restaurant," Ben told Jerry. „ „ „ „ „ „. „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „. „. „ „. „ „ „ „. „ „ „. „
5
"We were working in the garden when you called yesterday," Sherry said to Ken.
6 7
8
9
She asked when half-term break was. 2
"I want to visit my parents in Leeds," he said.
3
"I don't understand how to do this Maths problem," she said to me. „ .. „ „ „ „ „ „ „ .. „ „ „ „ „ . „ „
if + past simple lub past continuo us
if + past perfect lub past perfect continuous
"The headmaster called me, Jack," his mother said.
1
"My parents disliked the trip they took to Canada last summer," said Lynn. „ . „ „ „ „ . „ „ „ „ . „ „ „ . „ „ .. „ „
6
"What happened at school?" Tony's dad asked him.
7
"Turn down that music!" she said to him.
8
"I can't do my homework," Bob said to his mum.
lf you aren't feeling well, we can leave now. 2 „ „ „ „ „ . „ „ „ . „ „ „ „ „ she doesn't hurry up, we'll miss the meeting. 3 .. „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ . „ . „ „ we get lots of snow, we'll go skiing at the
9
"Why is the train delayed, please?" he asked.
professor.
„ . „ . „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ . „ „ . „ „ „ . „ .... „ . „ „ ... „ . „
4
"Don't siam the door!" Kate told her brother.
12
"lf I wasn't so busy, l'd start a language course," Jane told me.
2
Fili in: if or unfess.
weekend.
„.„
11
wou/dlcouldlmight + have +
hipotetyczny warunek
imiesłów
dotyczący przeszłości
czasu
przeszłego
• W zdaniach warunkowych typu 1 można użyć słowa unless i czasownika w formie twierdzącej. We will not be ab/eto come un/ess it stops raining. (= ifit does not stop raining, „.) • W zdaniach warunkowych typu 2 w zdaniu okolicznikowym w 1. i 3. os. lp. można użyć słowa was lub were. ff he were/was here, he wou/d tell us what to do.
5
10 ."Do you work on Saturdays?" James asked me.
warunek dotyczący teraźniej szości lub przyszłości, którego spełnienie jest niemożliwe lub mało prawdopodobne
ff I had brought my camera, I woufd have token /ots of pictures.
"Dinner is ready," Mum says.
"lf I were you, l'd get the purple dress," said my friend. „ .. „ ..... „ ........... „ ............. „ ...... „ .. „ ........ „ ..
wou/d!could/might + bezokolicznik bez to
lf we had a few days off, we wo uId go on a trip to the mountains. (but we haven't- unrea/ in the present) lf I were you, I wou/d talk to my parents. (advice)
"Don't say anything to Oliver about the party because it is a surprise," he said to her.
"John has played in many great matches," his coach told us. „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ . „ „ . „ „ „ . „ „ „ . „ . „ . „ „ „
warunek możliwy do spełnienia w przyszłości lub w teraźniejszości
lf I am not tired. I will go to the party
4
1O "The Earth travels around the Sun," said the
250
niemożliwy do spełnienia w przeszłości
"When is half-term break?" she asked.
"My sister is leaving for university next week," said Mandy... „ „ „ . „ . „ . „ „ . „ „ „ „ .. „ .. „ „ „ „ . „ „ . „ . „ „ „
3
if + present simple/continuous, czas przyszły/tryb rozkazujący, present perfectlcontinuous can!may/mustlcou/dlshould + bezokolicznik bez to
The instructor to/cl me never to run near the pno/.
5
"I want to take up a new hobby," said Fran.
cztery typy zdań warunkowych:
„ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ .. „ „ „ „
I win the lottery,
I won't be going on holiday to Australia. 5 „ .. „ „ „ „ . „ „ „ „ „ „ „ . she buys a ticket, she won't be allowed into the gallery.
Choose the correct answer.
4 5
lf I have an early lunch, I am always/'11 always be/would always be starving by dinnertime. lf I had left/left/would leave earlier, I would have caught the bus. lf I were fluent in French, I find/will find/could find a good job in Paris. I don't/won't/wouldn't buy that jacket if I were you. lf you heat water for long enough, it boils/will boil/would boil.
3
Match the two columns to form conditional sentences.
2 3
Unless I find my purse, When babies are hungry, lf you had told me, lf she has time, Unless it's sunny,
we won't go out for the day. they ery. l'd have come. I won't be able to pay the bill. e she'll pick them up.
a b c d
251
m
Tryby warunkowe
4
Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense.
Rzeczowniki 5
A: You'd better shut the gate, otherwise the dog will get (get) out. B: OK, I will. 2
4 A: Shall we meet outside the cinema around seven? B: That sounds good. But I ............................. . .................. (call) you if something comes up. 5
A: lf I ............................................ (not/find) my gloves by the time I have to go, can I borrow yours? B: Sorry, you can't. I need them.
Do rzeczowników zaliczamy następujące kategorie: pojęcia abstrakcyjne (happiness, freedom itp.). nazwy itp.). rzeczowniki zbiorowe (team, family, government itp.) i pospolite (table, hat, sofa itp.). Większość rzeczowników pospolitych oznaczających ludzi ma tę samą formę w odniesieniu do kobiet i mężczyzn. (teacher, doctor itp.). Niektóre rzeczowniki przybierają różne formy dla obu płci:
•
własne (Mark, Africa,Japan
ff I won the national Jottery, I wou/d take my porents on
actor - actress bridegroom - bride duke - duchess hero - heroine host - hostess
o trip.
2
3 A: Did you go swimming with your brother last night? B: No. lf he ............. „ ............... (tell) me he was going, I ................................... (go) with him.
Rzeczowniki
What would you do if you won (win) the national lottery?
A: l'm sure we're going to miss our train. B: lf we .................................................. (leave) work on time, we ... „ ....... „ ........................... . (manage) to catch it.
Complete the gaps with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. Then, write conditional sentences using your own ideas.
What would happen if there (be) a snowstorm?
3 What ............................ (you/usually/do) if the weather is bad at the weekend?
Liczbę mnogą
4 What would you do if you .................... . (hear) someone gossiping about your best friend?
B: lf the weather had been better, it .................... . ....... „ .......................... (be) great.
9 A: lf Mary .................................... (work) harder, she ·................................... (not/lose) her job. B: I told her that, but she wouldn't listen.
1O A: When can I drive the car? B: When you ............................................ (pass) your driving test, you ..................................... . (borrow) it. 11
A: lf you went to the US, what .......................... . ..................... (you/do)? B: I ....................................... (visit) San Francisco and New York.
12 A: The concert on Friday is sold out. B: lf I ..................................................... (know) about it earlier, I .................... (book) a ticket.
252
uncle - aunt lord - lady
nephew - nieee
policeman - policewoman
son - daughter
emperor- empress, etc
rzeczowników tworzymy przez dodanie końcówki:
-x, -eh, -sh (bus - buses, class - closses, box •
-ies do rzeczowników zako11czonych na spół głoskę + -y (baby- babies, party- parties itp.)
•
-s do rzeczowników zakończonych na samogłoskę+ -y (boy- boys, play- plays itp.)
•
-es do rzeczowników zakończonych na -o (tomata - tomatoes itp., ALE piano - pionos)
6
•
do drugiego rzeczownika, jeśli rzeczownik złożony jest z dwóch rzeczowników
Circle the correct item.
•
-es do niektórych rzeczowników zakończonych na -fi-fe (leof- leaves, ALE chiefs, roofs, cliffs, safes itp.)
Liczbę mnogą rzeczowników złożonych tworzymy przez dodanie końcówki -ei-es:
A: Should I wear this one? B: lf I .......... you, I wouldn't. A would have been were B would be D had been
©
A: Thank goodness I found my train ticket! B: Yes! What .......... done if you hadn't? A would you have C had you B were you to have D will you have
3 A: Are you going to the Bahamas or not? B: lf it .......... so expensive, I would. A were C hadn't been B weren't D isn't
4 A: Why did you ride your bike to the shop yesterday? B: Weil, if my car hadn't been in the garage, I to. C wouldn't have had A wouldn't have B hadn't had D didn't have 5 .......... wear a seatbelt, you will get a fine. C lf you don't A lf you didn't B Unless you don't D Unless you wouldn't
•
do rzeczownika, jeśli rzeczownik złożony jest z rzeczownika i przymiotnika
do pierwszego rzeczownika, jeśli rzeczownik składa się z jednego lub dwóch rzeczowników i przyimka (father-in-/aw- fathers-in-law, posser-by- passers-by)
(selwo/ bus - schoo/ buses)
• 2
-s do rzeczowników zakończonych na: samogłoskę + -o (vie/eo - videos ), podwójne -o (zoo - zoos ), oraz do słów skróconych (photogroph/photo - photos), nazw instrumentów muzycznych (cel/o - ce/los) i nazw własnych (Navojo - Navajos). Niektóre rzeczowniki zakończone na -o kończą się na -s lub -es. Należą do nich: buffa/oes/buffa/os, mosquitoes/mosquitos, vo/canoes/volcanos, zeroes/zeros, tornadoes/tornados itp.
boxes, church - churches, bush - bushes itp.)
5 What do you do if you ................ (have) a sore
7 A: lf I ....................................... „ ........ (be) you, I ................................................ (use) a bigger suitcase for tomorrow's trip. B: 1'11 have a look. lf I ............................... (have) one, I ............................................... (take) it.
8 A: How was your holiday in Wales?
widower - widow father - mother
•
6 A: I ................................................. (not/know) Paul was French unless you (tell) me. B: Yes. He was bom in Lyon.
husband - wife king - queen monk - nu n prince - princess waiter - waitress
1-.---e-s-do-r-ze_c_z_o_w_n_i-ko-,w-z-a-ko-ńc_z_o_n_y-ch_n_a---s.---s-s,---i
stornach?
m
•
na końcu rzeczownika złożonego, jeśli w jego skład nie rzeczowniki (breakdown - breakdowns)
wchodzą
(frying pan - frying pans)
Rzeczowniki tworzące liczbę mnogą nieregularnie: man - men, woman - women, person - peop/e, foot- feet, tooth teeth, louse - lice, mouse - mice, child - chi/dren, goose - geese, sheep - sheep, deer - deer, fish - fish, trout - trout, ox - oxen, salmon - salmon, spacecraft- spacecraft, aircraft- aircraft, means - means, species - species, hovercraft- hovercraft
Do liczebników występujących z rzeczownikami w liczbie mnogiej nie dodajemy końcówki liczby mnogiej, chyba że występuje po nich przyimek of. Two hundred years!hundreds of years.
Rzeczowniki policzalne i niepoliczalne Rzeczowniki dzielimy na policzalne (nazwy rzeczy, które można policzyć, np. one pen - two pens) oraz niepoliczalne (nazwy rzeczy, których nie można policzyć, np. milk, /10mework). Rzeczowniki niepoliczalne występują z czasownikiem w liczbie pojedynczej i nigdy nie są poprzedzone przedimkiem a/an. Można używać z nimi wyrażeń some, any, no, much itp. Can I have same lemonade, µlease? ALE Używamy przedimka a w wyrażeniach takich jak a relief, a pity, a shame, a wonder, a knowledge (of sth) czy a help mimo, że są one niepoliczalne. What a relief! What a pity! What a shame!
253
Rzeczowniki
Rzeczowniki Rzeczowniki niepoliczalne to nazwy rzeczy, których nie można policzyć. Należą do nich następujące kategorie nazw: • • •
• • • •
•
rzeczowniki substancjalne (płyny. ciała stałe. gazy. pierwiastki i związki chemiczne): wate1; bread, b11tte1; air, oxygen. flour itp.; dziedziny wiedzy: his tory, maths, physics, chemistry, economics itp.; języki: Spanish, French, Japanese, Portuguese, !talion itp.; gry: billiards, football, golf, darts, rugby, cricket, cycling itp.; choroby: fiu, pneumonia, meos/es, mumps itp.; zjawiska przyrody: darkness, fog, sno1'11, sunlight itp.; niektóre inne rzeczowniki: accommodation, advice, onge1; behoviow; business, count1yside, courage, dirr, education, homework, housework, informotion, intelligence, knowledge, /uck, music, news, peace, progress, seaside, shoppinq, traffie, trouble, truth, wari< i in.; rzeczowniki zbiorowe: cutlery, fumiture, jewellet}~ luggoge, machine1y, money, rubbish itp.
UWAGA: W określeniach czasu, odległości lub kwoty postrzeganych całościowo, używamy czasownika w liczbie pojedynczej. Six thousond pounds was too much to lose in a casino. Wiele rzeczowników niepoliczalnych
można poprzedzić
policzalnymi
określeniami ilości.
a piece ofpaper/cake/information/advice/furniture; a g/ass/bottle of wate1;· a jar ofjam; a rasher of bacon; a box/sheet ofpaper; a pocket of tea; a s/ice/loaf of bread; a pot of yoghurt; a pot/cup of tea; a ki/o/pound of meat; a tu be of toothpaste; a bar of chocolate/soap; an ice cube; a lump of sugar; a bag of flour; a can of cola; a carton of milk; a pair of trousers; a game of soccer
1
wolf aircraft spec ies goose brother-in-law wish breakthrough bush
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Rzeczowniki zbiorowe Rzeczowniki zbiorowe (army. audience, class, club, committee, company, counci/, crew, crowd, headquarters, family, jury, government, press, public, staff. team itp.) mogą występować z czasownikiem w liczbie pojedynczej lub mnogiej w zależności od tego, czy postrzegamy grupę jako całość, czy jako zbiór odrębnych jednostek. The staff of the company has done a terrificjob this yeat: (personel jako całość) The staff were given a bonus at Christmas. (każdy pracownik z osobna) Niektóre rzeczowniki mają odmienne znaczenie w liczbie pojedynczej i mnogiej.
liczba pojedyncza
liczba mnqga
factory green house snowman 13 mouse 14 runner-up 15 buffa Io
2
16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
deer scarf cli ff bus driver hero toolbox Io use person potato foot watch wife video sal mon roof
··················
Dan gave me a useful piece/slice of advice. Jerry always takes a can/tin of cola to work. Just one slice/loaf of toast for me, please. We bought a bottle/jar of homemade jam. My aunt put a bowl/cup of sugar on the table for her guests. On Saturdays, I treat myself to a sheet/bar of chocolate. Tom likes a rasher/slice of cheese in his burger. Many school children have a packet/carton of crisps for a snack.
3
Choose the correct answer.
A:
l'm going to the bakery for a 1) loaf/lump of bread and I fancy a leman cake, too. Do we need anything else? B: Could you go to the chemist's? We need a 2) packet/tube of toothpaste and a 3) bar/slice of soap. A: OK. 1'11 go to the butcher's, too. There's only one 4) rasher/
/'ve been wearing glasses since I was 7Oyears old, (okulary)
can of bacon left. B: Weil, while you're there, get half a 5) carton/kilo of meat for
/'//go to the newsagent's to buy a paper. (gazeta) Can I have a piece of paper? (do pisania)
He brought all the necessary papers 1.vith him. (dokumenty)
A:
"
The rain is beating on the windows.
The rains have śtarted early this yeat:
The chair is made ofwood. (tworzywo) She hos a lot of experience in fashion design. (wiedza i umiejętności wynikające z praktyki) She wants to spend more time with her family.
We went for a walk in the woods ofter lunch. (las) ft was interesting hearing obotil his experiences os o war reporte1: (wydarzenia)
I /ike meeting new people.
All peoples of the world should live in peace. (ludy, narody)
How many times did Eric piwne? (poszczególne przypadki)
the weekend. OK. Maybe I should go to the supermarket. I think we need things for breakfast, too. 1'11 get a 6) packet/tin of cereal, 7) some/a milk, a 8) jar/can of honey and a 9) carton/pot of
orange juice. B: That's a lot. Why don't I come with you and give you a hand? A: Great! We must remember to get 10) a/some cheese, too. B: OK, and when we get back, I suggest we make a 11) pot/bowl of tea and have a big 12) bar/piece of cake with it, too. We'll need it!
pl ural. A black antique passer baking gold [I[] bed grown [IT] bus [[[] tool [IQ[] fi re
[I]]] [[[] [[[]
·················· ·················· ·················· ·················· ·················· ·················· ··················
Choose the correct answer.
2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Match the items in column A to the ones in column B to make compound nouns. Then, form the
·················· ·················· ·················· ·················· .................. ..................
Would you like a gloss of orangejuice? The bawi is made of glass. (tworzywo)
Sue has gat long, dark hair. (wszystkie włosy na głowie) The re are two hairs in my soup. (dwa pojedyncze włosy) Jim started work when he was just 14. A lot of Picasso's works are on display in this museum. (dzieła) ! like eating choco/ate. They gave us a box of choco/ates.
254
wolves
OX
Szczególne przypadki liczby mnogiej Niektóre rzeczowniki oznaczają grupę osób lub rzeczy i zazwyczaj występują z czasownikiem w liczbie mnogiej. Należą do nich: • nazwy rzeczy złożonych z dwóch części: części ubioru (trousers, pyjamas itp.), przyrządów (binoculars, compasses itp.), narzędzi (scissors itp.); • niektóre inne rzeczowniki: c/othes, congratulations, earnings, outskirts, people, police, stairs, surroundings, wages itp. 'The po/ice are stil/ investigating the crime.
4
Write the plural of the following words.
m
!ID
m=J
ITD
B a station b room c box d board e fly f tray g by h shop up fish
1 b/ackboard - blackboards 2 .„.„„.„„„.„.„„„„,„„„,
3 4 5 6 7
8 9 10
5
Choose the correct answer.
A: You're lucky to have an older brother at school. B: Yes, he's been ~ /some great help. 2 A: We must do same/many shopping. B: OK. Let's make a list of what we need. 3 A: Did you get much/many sleep last night? I didn't! B: That party next door was very noisy, wasn't it? 4 A: They haven't got any/many spaghetti. B: Never mind, we can have rice. 5 A: I don't know what university to apply to. B: Can I give you a/some advice? 6 A: Peter spends a lot on clothes. B: That's why he never has many/any money!
255
m
Rzeczowniki
6
Fill in the gaps with necessary.
a, an or same, where
a Dido has recorded same great music recently. b Dido has recorded a great song recently.
2 a Could I have ........... water, please? b Could I have ........... hot drink, please? 3 a He bought ........... knife and fork for the office. b He bought ........... cutlery for his new fiat. 4 a Don't forget to buy ........... soap. b Don't forget to buy ........... bar of soap. 5 a She put ........... coin in the machine. b She put ........... money in the machine. 6 a They are selling antique furniture at the auction. b They are selling ........... antique wardrobe at the auction. 7 a Sam has got ....„...... interesting job. b Sam has got ........... interesting work to do. 8 a lt's too much work so he needs .......... . assistant. b lt's too much work so he needs .......... help. 9 a I need to buy ........... new clothes. b I need to buy ........... new coat.
1O a Martin cooked ........... delicious food last night. b Martin cooked ........... delicious mea I last night. 11
a Yesterday we had ........... snowstorm. b Yesterday we had ........... snow on the ground.
12 a My sister has got ........... colourful luggage. b My sister has got ........... colourful suitcase.
7
Choose the correct answer.
More than one person ~are needed for this job. 2 The team is/are wearing their new uniforms. 3 The United States of America is/are his next destination. 4 Be careful! These scissors is/are very sharp. 5 My hair is/are short. 6 New equipment is/are being installed. 7 Twenty pounds is/are not expensive for that, it's lovely. 8 Maths is/are her best subject. 9 The stairs is/are very dangerous. 10 Your pyjamas is/are on the bed.
Przedimki 8
Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form.
Tea is (be) very popular in the UK. 2 All the sheep .. ... ..... .. ... .... .... .. ..... .. (graze) on the mountain. 3 Politics ..................................................... . (interest) me more than my other subjects. 4 f2,000 .. ... .. . .. . .. .. .. ... ..... . .... ... .. .. . .. ... ... .. .. .. .. ... (be) too expensive for a dress in my opinion. 5 The class .. ... .. .... .... .... ... ... ... ... .... ... ..... .. .. .. . (listen) carefully when their teacher gives instructions. 6 Children .................................................... (like) playing board games. 7 His family .............................................. . (own) a hotel in Devon. 8 The mountain wa ter ................................. . (taste) wonderful. 9 Tropical rai n ............................................ . (flood) the river every year. 1O The police .... ... ... .... .... .. ..... ... .. .... .. ...... .. .... ... (be) searching the area for clues. 11 Measles ... ... ... ... .... . .. ... .... ... ..... ... . .. ..... (continue) to affect many children around the world. 12 Chinese ................................................... . (sound) difficult to learn.
9
Complete the sentences using the nouns in their singular or plural form.
hair a Joh1~ doesn't like his short curly !wir. b She's thirty and already has a few white huirs. 2 people a The native . ... ... ... .. . .... .... of North America have a huge respect for nature. b There were many ..................... on the tra in. 3 chocolate a Do you prefer milk, white or dark ................ ? b William gave Sue a box of Belgium ........ . for Valentine's Day. 4 work a The Louvre in Paris has great ..................... of art on display. b Helen left ..................... early on Friday. 5 rain a There will be light ..................... in most parts of the country. b Heavy ..................... often cause flooding. 6 wood a Jeff decided to go camping in the ................. . b The table is made of cedar ..................... .
256
Przedimek
nieokreślony
a/an
A(n)/One
Przedimka a/an używamy: • przed rzeczownikami policzalnymi w liczbie pojedynczej, jeśli nie dotyczą one określonej rzeczy; I wont to buy o CD plciye1: (jakikolwiek) e po czasownikach to be i have (got); c\dom /ws (gol) o ew: /t:1 o Golf rnnverlible. e przed skrótami Mr/Mrs/Miss/Ms, jeśli dotyczą osoby, której nie znamy; A 1\1/r Flobinson co/led you l1l!ift111 how c1,10. (Nie znamy osoby, która dzwoniła.) e w wyrażeniach określających: a) cenę za jednostkę wagi; U; vo po1111ds a ki/o) b) prędkość; 1/0 Im 011110111 J c) częstotliwość. 1once a
Przedimka a/an używamy w odniesieniu do rzeczy, które pozostają dla rozmówcy nieokreślone. 5/:e bought a skirt. (Nie chodzi o konkretną sukienkę.) · Słówka one używamy, aby podkreślić liczbę. She bought one skirt. Oedną, a nie np. dwie.) o Słówka one używamy ze słowami day, weel<, month, time, year, winter, morning, night itp. lub z nazwą konkretnego dnia tygodnia lub konkretnego miesiąca, aby powiedzieć, kiedy coś się wydarzyło, najczęściej w opowiadaniach. One cu/c/ winter rno111i119, Tino clecided to QO roi o i vc1/A„ One Tuesday, Sue wos wu/king home from ;,vor!,. e Wyrażenia one day używamy, mówiąc o przyszłości.
Przedimka a/an nie używamy: • przed rzeczownikami niepoliczalnymi w liczbie pojedynczej i rzeczownikami w liczbie mnogiej. Zamiast a/an można użyć określenia some.
•
\'au'// need same eQgs 011d some flow for the cdhe. /-le bought her same choco/otes. e
przed przymiotnikiem, rzeczownika.
po
którym
nie
e
One day, robots will du most of the work.
one lub one of ... używamy, odnosząc się do jednej rzeczy lub osoby spośród wielu. Zazwyczaj występuje kontrast z określeniami another/other(s). Wyrażenia
One box wus full, but the others were empty One of my ilienc/s is Cmwdian.
Przedimka a/an można używać wymiennie ze one, mówiąc o liczbie czegoś lub jednostkach długości, masy, czasu itp. She poicl a/one hu11c/1ecl pouncls for her new c/igitol
•
słówkiem
ma
This fllm is interestiny. ALE !his is an interesting film.
bought a/one pocket of biscuits. /-le spent o/one yeor tmvelling abroad. LC1111ern. /
One/Ones Zaimka one (w liczbie mnogiej: ones) używamy, nie chcąc powtarzać rzeczownika policzalnego, który wystąpił wiadomo, o którą rzecz/rzeczy chodzi.
•
wcześniej, jeśli
My house is the one with the big garde11. I c/011 't wew silver eurrings. I wear gold on es.
Przedimka a/an używamy z zaimkiem one, jeśli przed one występuje przymiotnik. I wo11t to buy o cm: I wont a red one. ALE I want to buy o ew: I want one with on open top. • Zaimka one/ones używamy z zaimkiem thislthat. I clon 't /ike this pair ofjeam, but! like that one. e W pytaniach używamy which one(s) ... ? I like the red sccirf best. Which one efo you like? •
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Fill in:
a, an or same.
Could I have some information about flight times to Madrid, please? Would you like ............ piece of apple cake? Ted trains with his judo teacher three times ............ week. Do you need ............ more paper for the printer? Rachel saw ............ kangaroo and .. .... ..... . emu in the wildlife park in Tasmania. Where can I find ............ tu be of toothpaste, please? We asked .... .. ... ... plum ber to come and re pair the leaking tap. Tom has invited ............ friends over for dinner. You can find ............ advice on healthy eating in this magazine. Thomas bought ............ expensive leather jacket and ............ pair of boots.
2
Fill in:
a, an, one or ones.
Don't save the files on on old disk. Please use this one over here. 2 Could I have ............ jar o!jam, please? 3 I don't usually wear silk blouses. I wear cotton 4 ............ of my brothers is a civil engineer. 5 The students spent ... ... .. .... hour and a half surfing on the Internet. 6 ........... day, we will spend our holidays on the moon. 7 He was driving at 150 km ............ hour when the accident happened. 8 I am going to make a tuna sandwich. Would you like ............ ? 9 ............ of my friends is American. 1O I like the black trousers best. Which ............ do you like?
257
Przedimki
Przedimki 3
Przedimek określony the 'p;~~d·i·~i~~··t;:;~··~±~~~y·p;;~·d~.„„.„„
•
... „ ...... „ ............ „ .............. „
rzeczownikami nazywającymi coś określonego, co zostało już wcześniej wspomniane lub jest nam znane; Christine has gat a book and a pen.
·p;~~d·i·~k~„th~„~i~'~ż~~;;:.;y„p·,~~d~„„„„„„.„„„„„„„.„„„„„„„.„
•
The book is brown and the pen is green.
drinktea.
•
nazwami rzeczy jedynych w swoim rodzaju (the moon, the Earth itp.); • nazwami gazet (the Times), kin (the Coronet), teatrów (the Art Theatre), hoteli (the Hilton), muzeów i galerii sztuki (the Natw411 History Museum), okrętów (the Tirnnic) i organizacji (the United Nations); • nazwami rzek (the Thames!, archipelagów (the Virgin !slands), łańcuchów górskich (the Alps), pustyń (the Gobi), oceanów (the Indian Ocean), kanałów (the Suez Cana/), krajów mających w nazwie słowa takie, jak States, Kingdom, Republic (the UK), nazwami własnymi lub wyrażeniami ze słówkiem of (the Houses of Porliament) i niektórymi określeniami geograficznymi (the Antarctic/Arcric/ Equato1; the north of !re/and, the North!East,ISouth/West);
•
nazwami instrumentów muzycznych i
tańców (the
piona, the rumba);
•
rzeczownikami oznaczającymi rodzinę (the Parkers) lub narodowość, której nazwa kończy się na -sh, -eh lub -ese (the Chinese). Nazwy pozostałych narodowości można poprzedzać słówkiem the lub nie. (the
• •
•
•
•
• • •
oficjalnymi tytułami (the King, the Prime Minister) ALE pod warunkiem, że nie występuje po nich nazwisko lub imię (Queen Elizabeth); przymiotnikami/przysłówkami w stopniu najwyż szym (the best joke I have ever heard) ALE słówka most nie poprzedzamy przedimkiem the, jeśli występuje po nim rzeczownik; fVlost peop/e enjoy watching TV. słowami day, morning, a~ernoon, evening oraz night; lt was late in the evening when they arrived. ALE at night, at noon, at midnight, by day/night. nazwami okresów i wydarzeń historycznych (the Renaissance, the Vietnam War); ALE World War I; słowami only, last i first (jeśli występują w funkcji przymiotników); She was the only one who be/ieved me. słowami beach, cinema, city, coast, country(side),
nazwami własnymi; Anthony works in a bank. nazwami dyscyplin spon:owych, gie1; zabaw, dni tygodnia, miesięcy, świąt, kolorów, napojów i posił ków; We had dinner with the Browns on Sunday. nazwami języków, o ile nie występuje po nich słowo /anguage; Oscar speaks German, French and Spanish fluently. ALE The Chinese language is difficult to leorn ..
nazwami krajów, w których nie występują słowa takie jak State, Kingdom lub Republic; (France, lndia, Australia) ALE the Vatican, the Riviera (wyjątki); • nazwami ulic (Oxford Street, Bear Lane), ALE (the London Road, the High street, the M4, the A 12 motorway), placów (Trafalgar Square), mostów (London Bridge), ALE (the Golden Gate Bridge), parków (Hyde Park), stacji kolejowych (Euston, King's Cross), szczytów górskich (fVlount Olympus), pojedynczych wysp (Corfu), jezior (Lake Baikal) i kontynentów (Asia); • przymiotnikami dzierżawczymi lub dopełniaczem; nazwami restauracji, sklepów, banków, hoteli itp„ których nazwa pochodzi od nazwiska założyciela; (Harrods, Gino's Restaurant).
•
słowami bed, hospita/, college, court, prison, schoo/, university, jeśli używamy ich w odniesieniu do funkcji,
którym
• •
• •
służą;
The injured man was token to hospital. ALE We went to the hospital to visit Sean. słowem worl< (w znaczeniu: miejsce pracy); I must leave work at 4 o'c/ock today. słowami home, mother, father, jeśli używamy ich w odniesieniu do własnej rodziny i domu; Mum is at home. wyrażeniem by + nazwa środka transportu (buslferry/train/car itp.); I normalfy go to work by train. nazwami chorób. He's gat chicken pax. ALE fiu/the fiu, meos/es/the meos/es, mumps/the mumps.
Pamiętail
•
Przedimka the na ogół nie używamy przed słowem television. 1like watching television in the evenings. ALE Tum off the te/evision, please. (w znaczeniu: odbiornik) Użycie the przed nazwami pór roku jest dowolne. My favourite season is (the) summer. zwierząt lub rzeczy: a) stawiamy a/an przed rzeczownikami policzalnymi w liczbie pojedynczej.
• W odniesieniu do grup ludzi,
An/The Asian elephant is an endangered species.
b) nie stawiamy przedimka przed rzeczownikami policzalnymi w liczbie mnogiej. Asian e/ephants are endangered species.
258
3 4 5 6 7 8
g 10
Thot is my computer.
•
ground,jung/e, library, sea(side), shop, station, theatre, village, weather, world. Let's go to the seaside.
•
2
•
Egyptians!Egyptions);
•
rzeczownikami w liczbie mnogiej, jeśli nie precyzujemy, które dokładnie rzeczy, osoby itp. mamy na myśli; Planes are a safe means of transport. Many people
11 12 13
4
Fill in the where necessary. Majorca is one of the most popular holiday islands for people who love going to beach. We're spending „ „ „ „ „ „ New Year's Eve with „ „ „ „ „ „ Petersons this year. Katie loves „ „ „ . „ „ . horses and walls are covered in posters of them. Victoria We'll meet „ „ „ „ „ „ David at Station in „ . „ „ „ „ morning. work on James was an hour late for . „ „ „ „ „ . Monday. Bill is learning ... „ „ „ „ Spanish because he is travelling to „ „ „ „ . „ . Dominican Republic. There's a shop next to „ . „ . „ „ „ hospital where you can buy „ „ „ „ „ „ magazines and books. Greg speaks „ „ „ „ . „ . Russian, „ „ „ . „ . „ French and „ „ „ „ . „ . ltalian. He thinks that „ „ „ . „ „ . Russian language is „ „ „ . „ „ . most difficult of all. . Cubans dance „ „ „ „ „ „ rumba really well. We'll be travelling by „ „ . „ „ „ . ship around . „ •. „ „ „ . Mediterranean Sea. „ „ „ „ „. „ „ monkeys are „ „ „ . „ „ „ „ most popular attraction at „ . „ „ „ „ . Chester Zoo. Julie is studying „ „ „ „ „ .. Chemistry at university. Of „ „ „ „ „ „ Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, only . „ . „ „ „ „ statue of . „ „ „ . „ „ Zeus at Olympia was made of ivory. Choose the correct word.
This is the/- longest book l've ever read. 2 I think the/- cats make the best pets. 3 The island was discovered during the/- Middle 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Ages. Jenny usually finishes the/- work at 5 o'clock. l'm going home by the/- train this afternoon. Will you be studying at the/- library all afternoon? Have you visited the/- Empire State Building? She likes to eat the/- breakfast late at the/weekend. The/- most evenings we stay in and watch TV. This castle was built by the/- French. You should hear my brother play the/- drums. The/- University of Oxford is one of the/- most famous in the/- United Kingdom if not in the/Europe.
5
m
Fill in the gaps with one of the words from the list, adding the where necessary. Use each word twice. • prison • school • bed • sea • hospital
a This summer we're planning to rent a cottage near the sea since we all love water sports. b Their cruise ship will be at seo for three days before it reaches the island. 2 a Marina went to „ „ . „ „ „ early, so she'd have a good night's rest. b I think I left my bag on „ „ „ „ „ „ in my hotel room. 3 a Jason was found guilty and was sent to „ „ „ „ „ „ for five years. b Social workers are going to „ to meet some of the prisoners. 4 a After the earthquake, several injured people we re taken to „ „ „ . „ „ . . b Th is afternoon she's going to „ „ „ . „ „ . to take toys to the sick children. 5 a The teacher asked the politician to come to „ . „ „ „. „ and give a talk. b The students are watching a science film at „ „ „ „ „ „ today.
6
Fill in thewhere necessary.
Robert Wadlow, the world's tallest person, was almost nine feet tall. 2 There is a city called „ „ „ . „ „ . Greenville in 30 states of „ „ „ „ „ „ United States. 3 Neil Armstrong was „ . „ „ . „ „ first man to walk on „ „ „ „ „ „ moon in „ „ „ . „ . „ July, 1969. 4 Most historians say „ „ „ „. „. tennis was invented in „ „ „ „ „ .• France in . „ „ „ „ „ . 12th cen tury. 5 . „ „ „ . „ „ elephant is .. „ „ „ „ „ only ani mal with four knees. 6 „ „ „ „ „ „ oldest dog died at the age of 29. 7 „ „ „ „ . „ . Nigeria has „ . „ „ „ „ . largest population in „ „ „ „ . „ . Africa. 8 . „ „ „ „ „. Mona Lisa used to hang on the wal I in „ „ „ „ „ „ Napoleon's bedroom. 9 „ .. „ „ „ „ strong est muscle in the body is „ „ „ „ „ „ jaw muscle. 1O . „ „ „ „ . „ typewriter is „ „ „ . „ „ . longest word that can be made using „ „ „ „ „ „ letters on one row of „ „. „ „ „ . keyboard.
259
ID
Zaimki
wskazujące
Określenia ilości
Zaimki wskazujące
Wyrażenia a lot of/many/much/(a) few/(a) little
Słów this, these, tlwt oraz those używamy jako zaimków, jeśli nie występuje po nich rzeczownik. Jeśli po tych słowach występuje rzeczownik, mają one funkcję określnika wskazującego.
!'ii''
These ore mocie of iron. (zaimek) Thot table is mode of wood. (określnik wskazujący)
Zastosowanie
1
,~~""~ ''~' v~p'óhflii1~'tf""''.'""'
. ,••
'•, 'fjj~p]>ff~'iił'.f~~/I",'
przyszłości;
/'m visiting Pam this week. się do czegoś, o czym zamierzamy
•
odnosząc
•
przedstawiając się
•
jeśli mówiący
• w odniesieniu do osób lub przedmiotów znajdujących się
daleko od nas;
mówić;
•
przez telefon lub przedstawiając sobie ludzi;
odnosząc się była
"Hello? Tiłis is Steve." "Jock, this is Julie."
do
czegoś,
a lot (of)!lots of/ much
(oficjalnie)
There is
zdania
many
much
Are there many chi/dren ot the park?
many
much
zdania
i\0""r
'.'
W~":T „~>p
.
h'ii ~.
There are a lot of peoµle ot the festival.
a lot of soft in my soup.
Do we hove much time left? There oren't many books in the librrny. There isn't much butter so I can't make the coke.
przeczące
a little ( = trochę) very few (= niewiele, very little ( = niewiele,
A few µeople ortended the meeting.
mało)
A litt/e curry makes the food mare spicy
a few (=kilka, parę)
mało)
o czym właśnie
"She possed her ernms!" "Thot's fontastic''
"'J
a lot (of)!lots of/
przeszłych;
mowa.
·· ,, „- · · ·~·~~ł~cf
many (oficjalnie)
That ho/idoy wos the best in my life.
Toke o look ot this. ll's fantostic.I
"'~
twierdzące
That cor over there is not mine.
• w odniesieniu do wydarzeń
~
zdania
pytające
• w odniesieniu do osób lub przedmiotów znajdujących się blisko nas; Th is is her /optop. • w określeniach czasu odnoszących się do teraźniejszości lub
~-
Very few people go to this restourant. \!ery little time is needed to make this recipe.
e A lot (of)/ lots of-1- rzeczownik policzalny/ niepoliczalny używamy zazwyczaj w zdaniach twierdzących. A lot ofpeop/e showecl up for the semino1: He's got /ots of money.
jest wewnątrz lub obok miejsca, o którym mówi; This room is tao smoli. (Mówiący jest w pokoju.)
A lot (of)
można również używać
w
języku
nieoficjalnym w pytaniach i przeczeniach.
Were there a lot of guests ot the porty?
• many+ rzeczownik policzalny
1
Fill in the gaps with this, that, these or those.
A: B: 2 A: B: 3 A: - B:
4 A: B: 5 A: B: 6 A: B: 7 A: B: 8 A: B: 9 A: B: 10 A:
11
B: A: B:
12 A: B:
260
lt's my birthday! Thot's fantastic! Happy Birthday! Who's .„ .. „„„.„ .... in your living room? lt's just my Aunt Margaret. What did you think of .... „ „ „ „ „... earrings Diana was wearing last night? They were really beautiful. Good afternoon Mrs Morgan, .. „ .. „.. is Julie. Is Oliver home? Yes, Julie. One moment, please. We're leaving for the Virgin lslands tomorrow. Wow, .„„„„„ .... „.'s wonderful! Have a great time! ...... „ .... „ .... soup tastes great. What's in it? I can't say. lt's my mum's secret recipe. Where shall 1leave .. „„„ ..... „ ... boxes? Just put them down on the table over there. Do you remember when we first met? Of course. How can I ever forget „„.„ .... „„„. day! l'm really busy ...... „.„ ... „ .. days. Me too! There is so much studying to do. „ .. „„„ ... „ ... desserts were delicious, weren't they? Yes, I ate somany of them. 1'11 take ......... „ .. „ ... boots. ............... „.'s a good choice madam. They look great on you. .„ ... „ .. „. „ ... gloves are too expensive. Do you have any that are a bit cheaper? Of course. Here you are.
2 2
3 4 5 6
7 8 9 10 11 12
13
14 15 16
17
.k . . much + rzeczowni niepo11cza1ny
Fill in: this, these, that or those. Look at those statues over there. Aren't they magnificent! Frank and Jenny have decided to move house sum mer. ..... tourists, outside the gift shop, are from Japan. Do you know . „ „. boy over there in the green T-shirt? Have you read „„ „.„ .. „ . „ „ . . story? lt's so interesting I can't put the book down. Come take a look at .. „ „ ...... „ „ ... „ designs and let me know what you think. I wish I had bought „. „ ... „ „ ... „ .... black pair of jeans yesterday. Hello, „„ ...... „ .... „.„ is the head master, Mr Taylor. Are your parents home? Do you remember . „ .... „ „ „ „. „ . lovely couple we met last weekend? 1'11 take ........ „ .. „ ... „ .. bottles of perfume. Can you gift wrap them, please? "So you see, .„ ... „ .. „ ...... „. is how Julie and I became best friends," she explained to Jason. ... „ ... „ „ ... „.... burritos we had for lunch we re quite spicy. l'm still quite thirsty. " .. „ .. „. „ „ „ .. „ „ is the house Mark Twain lived in," said our tour guide as we got off the bus. Could you help me with „„ ... „.„„„„ ... television set. Quick! l'm going to drop it. .. „ .. „ „ ........ „. was the most exciting ride I had ever been on. „„ ... „.„ .. „. „„ are the best burgers in town. Don't you agree? Look! .. „ „ . „ „ „ ... „. „ is the rug I want to buy for our living room.
}
. . . . . uzywamy zazwycza1 w pytaniach 1 przeczernach.
Are there many biscuits? There isn't much juice. Określeń
many i much
używamy często
w zdaniach twierdzących po too, so i how lub w języku oficjalnym.
He didn't reolise how much time had possed. There's tao much noise in this house.
A few (=kilka,
e
parę, mała liczba)+
rzeczowniki policzalne}
A little (=trochę. mała ilość) + rzeczowniki niepoliczalne
.
.
maią znaczerne pozytywne.
I hove a little time so /'//coli a few frienc/s to come ove1: • Few (=niewiele, mało)+ rzeczowniki policzalne } . . . . " . . . ( . . ł ) .k. . ma1ą znaczenie negatywne 1brzmią raczej ofiqalnie. . l 1tt1e = niew1e1e, ma o + rzeczowni 1n1epo11cza1ne Few peop/e hove read this book. lt's not so popu/01: I We've gat little money We can't go on ho/idoy this summer. Częściej spotyka się wyrażenia
very few/very little lub on/y a few/only a litt/e.
Very few peop/e likecl this film. I We mu st huny. We've gat very little time to pack for aur trip.
3
Fill in the gaps with much, many or a lot of.
A: There were a lot of fans at the concert. B: Yes, it was sold out! 2 A: We haven't got .„.„ .. „ .„ ... bread left, l'm afraid. B: Don't worry. 1'11 buy some on the way home. 3 A: There are too . „. „ „. „ .... „ „ .. „ mistakes in yo ur essay, George. Try harder. B: OK, sir. I will. „„„„.„. time 4 A: Hurry! We don't have left. B: All right. l'm putting on my jacket right now. 5 A: Wow! You have .„. „ „ „ .„ „. „ „ „. DVDs. B: Would you like to watch one now? 6 A: l'd really like to buy the new iPhone. B: lt's very nice, but it costs „„ .„„ ...... „„„ money. 7 A: How .„ ...... „ „. „ .„. „. flour have we got? B: About a quarter of a bag is left. 8 A: Morgan Freeman is a talented actor. B: I agree. He's won „ .. „.„ .. „ .. „.„„. awards.
4
2 3
4 5
6
7
Fill in the gaps with a few or a litt/e. A: Can I help you make dinner? B: Sure, just add o little salt and pepper to the sauce. A: Do you speak German? B: Not really. I only know .„.„.„„ .... „„„ .. words. A: David gave me . „. „ „ ... „ „ „ „ .... help with my Science project. 4' B: That was really nice of him! A: Do we have any eggs for the pancakes? B: Yes, there are „ ... „ ........ „„„ .. in the fridge. A: Are you going to buy the laptop, sir? B: Just give me ... „ ..... „ .... „„... time to think about it, please. A: I have got a 4 o'clock appointment with Mrs Roberts. B: Yes, Mr Daniels. She'll be with you in „.„.„.„ .... „„.„. minutes. A: Is there enough milk for my cereal? B: No, there is only „„ .. „ ... „„„„ .... left.
261
Określenia ilości
Określenia ilości
5 Wyrażenia some/any/no/ every
Fill in the gaps with
much, many, how much or
Ben: Let's make some homemade pizza! Alice: Great idea, but we'll have to go to the market zdania twierdzące
zdania pytające zdania
przeczące
wszystkie typy zdań
some any
someone/somebody anyone/anybody
something anything
somewhere anywhere
any
anyone/anybody
anything
anywhere
no/not any
not one/not anyone nobody/not anybody
nothing not anything
nowhere not anywhere
every
everybody/everyone (all people)
everything (all things)
everywhere (in all places)
•
Określników
•
Some i jego złożeń (someonelsomebody, something, somewhere) używamy przeważnie w zdaniach oznajmujących.
Ben: Alice: Ben: Alice: Ben:
some, any i no używamy z rzeczownikami niepoliczalnymi i policzalnymi w liczbie mnogiej.
There is no water in the bottle. There are some apples on the table. There isn'c any juice in the fridge. I need some flour to moke bread. Someone come looking fm you. • Any i jego złożeń używamy w zdaniach pytających i przeczących. Is there any tea in the pot? There isn't anyone here. • Any i jego złożeń używamy ze słowami o znaczeniu negatywnym. takimi jak without, never, seidom, rarely, hardly itp. She never eats anything in the evening. • No(= not any) i jego złożeń używamy w zdaniach twierdzących o znaczeniu negatywnym. The re is no jam in the jrn: (W słoiku nie ma dżemu.) UWAGA: Ze złożeniami some, any oraz no używamy czasownika w liczbie pojedynczej. There is nobody in the house. • Same i jego złożeń można używać w zdaniach pytających, jeśli spodziewamy się odpowiedzi twierdzącej,
•
np. w uprzejmych prośbach lub propozycjach. l!\lould you like something to eat? (propozycja) Yes, pleose. I Can I have some biscuits? (prośba) Here you are. Any i jego złożeń można również używać w zdaniach twierdzących, co wiąże się jednak z różnicą. znaczenia, którą ilustrują poniższe przykłady.
\lou con call me any time you like. (Nieważne, o jakiej porze.) Anyone/Anybody can salve this problem. (Nieważne, kto.) \'au can choose anything you like. (Nieważne, co.) We con go anyw/1ere you like. (Nieważne, co.) • Wyrazu every używamy z rzeczownikami policzalnymi w liczbie pojedynczej. Every employee was presentat the meeting. • Zaimków everyoneleverybody, everything i przysłówka everywhere używamy w zdaniach
Alice: Ben:
Alice: Ben:
to buy same things. OK. 1) How much flour have we got? Half a bag, not enough for the pizza dough. And we'll need some eggs tao. 2) „ „ „ . „ „ . . . . . „ ... „ „ „ will we need? Three should be OK. 3) . „ „ „ „ „ „ . „ .. „ „ „ . cheese have we gat? There isn't 4) „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ left in the fridge. But we do have enough pepperoni. How about vegetable toppings? We have plenty of fresh mushrooms, but we haven't got 5) .... „ „ . „ „ „ . „ . „ . „ . „ . green peppers. There are three in the fridge. That's fine. Three is enough. So all we need is some flour, eggs and cheese. Yes, let's hurry. There isn't 6) „ „ .. „ .. „ „ . „ „ .. „
time left before the shops close. Alice: Don't worry. We can take my car. Ben: All right, if it isn't too 7) „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ trouble.
6
Fill in the gaps with their compounds.
some, any, no or one of
A: Is there anything else you need? B: Yes, please. l'd like „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ water. 2 A: The re was hardly „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ at the meeting.
twierdzących i pytających
z czasownikiem w liczbie pojedynczej.
Everything.was perfect. Is everyone here?
Inne konstrukcje • another (kolejny, jeszcze jeden) - używamy z rzeczownikami policzalnymi w liczbie pojedynczej. Could I /]ave another gloss of wa ter? Would you like another slice of pizza? • another + few/two, three itp. + rzeczownik - Let's wait another few hours!another two hours. She might come. • other/another (inni, inne/inny. inna) - Are there any other scarfs in purple? I /wte this colour: Is there another one? • otherlothers - słówka other nie używamy w liczbie mnogiej, jeśli występuje po nim rzeczownik. Have you seen the other books? (NIE: ... ~ books?) ALE l've got same fi/es here. Where are the others? UWAGA: (The) others można UŻ'fVVać w znaczeniu (the) other people. Same people love c/assical music, others don't even want to listen to it. • each other (sobą/sobie/siebie nawzajem) - We see each other every weekend. • every other (co drugi) - I go shopping every other Saturday. • the other day (przed kilkoma dniami) I saw Helen the other day; she said she's moving to Hungary next month.
B: I know. The boss is not going to be happy! 3 A: There are „ . „ „ „ „ „ „ . lovely stor ies in this book. B: I know. I read two of them to my little girl and she loved them. 4 A: .. „ . „ „ . „ „ „ carne looking for you this morning. B: Really? I wonder who that could have been. 5 A: Good morning. l'm looking for „ „ „ .. „ „ „ „ information about travelling to the US. B: Weil, you've come to the right place! 6 A: Peter hasn't said „ „ „ „ „ „ . „ about his new school. B: I know. I don't think he's very happy there. 7 A: I don't like „ „ „ „ . „ „ „ . of the program mes that are on TV tonight. B: So, let's go out then ! 8 A: Why do all the teenagers hang out in the park at night? B: Weil, they have „ „ . „ „ „ „ „ . else to go. 9 A: Is „ „ „ „ „ „ . „ . wrong with your sister? She looks very pale. B: Yes, she's just getting over the fiu.
262
7
how many.
m
This is a letter someone wrote to an advice column. Fili in the gaps with some, any, no, every and their compounds.
Dear Agony Aunt, l'm writing to you because I need 1) same advice. I only recently realised that l'm hooked on chat sites. I don't know if I should worry that much since 2) .•••••••• I know visits them as well. However, 3) ••••••.•••.•••. has as many online friends as I do and l'm a member on most of the popular sites. Of course I don't know 4) .............. . on my friends' lists personally, only a few, and that makes my parents really nervous! I always like to be connected by PC or mobile phone. I hate it if I miss 5) •••••••••••••.• up.dates, posts or mail. I also rush home 6) „ ..... „ ..... . day after school and get online and chat. My mum is getting really irritated and says I don't do 7) „„ .. „ .... „. at home anymore and my friends are complaining because I don't go out much. At school, my teachers say that my mind is always 8) .. „„„„ „„. else and my grades are
„.. ..
dropping. Recently, 9) „ „ „ „ ... „.. happened that made me stop and think. During a day trip with my family, I discovered my mobile had 10) „.„.„„„„. signal. So, I threw a fit and ruined our family outing. On the way home, 11) ••• ••• •••• •. ••• spoke to me and I felt awful. I decided that maybe I have to do 12) •••• „ ......... about this before more people stop talking to me and I end up losing my real friends. Please help me, Socially connected
8
Choose the expressions which can be used. There were little/much/lots of hot air balloons flying
high in the sky. 2 Larry was thirsty, so he drank much/most/a few/ some glasses of juice. 3 We're going to plant much/some/several flowers in the back garden. 4 Henry jogs a few/most/several/too much miles each day. 5 A lot of/Much/Every people were at the protest. 6 There are much/some/any places Gregory would like to visit. 7 They offered their guests some/a few/a little/any biscuits and sandwiches. 8
Ryan has very/a few/no/few space left in his computer for games. 9 He spent tao much/a lot of/many/every time writing his lab report.
1O The re were too much/most/lots of presents un der the tree.
263
Formy dzierżawcze/Zdania z there i it
Zaimki Zaimki osobowe w funkcji podmiotu i dopełnienia
IJU-
l,you, he,she, it, we,you, they
I
Formy dzierżawcze me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them
lf\\'/JN
~~
Jll
Zaimki w funkcji podmiotu występują w zdaniu przed orzeczeniem. We live in Brighton.
0
Zaimki w funkcji dopełnienia występują po czasowniku lub przyimku. Coli her when you get home.
0
W krótkich odpowiedziach oraz po wyrazach as i than
używamy a) zaimka w funkcji dopełnienia (w języku
nieoficjalnym) lub b) zaimka w funkcji podmiotu i czasownika posiłkowego (w języku oficjalnym). "/love reoding books." "Me tao./ I do too. "Jessico speuks /tu lion bet ter thcm me/than I clo.
•
Zaimki zwrotne I-• myself you -• yourself
• he -• himself she -• herself it-> itself
we -• ourselves you -• yourselves they -• themselves
Zaimków zwrotnych używamy: • z czasownikami typu behave, bum, cut, enjoy, hurt, introduce, kil/, look at, teach lub z przyimkami, jeśli podmiot zdania jest jednocześnie jego dopełnieniem; Jane (podmiot) cut herself (dopełnienie) with o knife. • z przyimkiem by, jeśli oznacza on „samotnie, w pojedynkę" lub „bez niczyjej pomocy, na własną rękę"; I cookec/ dinner by myse/f/on my own. • w wyrażeniach: enjoy yourself (dobrze się bawić), behave yourself (dobrze się zachowywać), help yourse/f (częstować się czymś), she lives by herself (mieszka sama), do it yourself (zrób to sam/sama), make yourself at home (rozgościć się); Enjoy yourself at the party! • w celu podkreślenia rzeczownika lub zaimka, po którym zazwyczaj w takich zdaniach występują. I myse/f pointed the house. (To ja - nikt inny- pomalowałem dom.) I met Rihanna herse/f (Spotkałem Rihannę we własnej osobie.)
• •
•
Zaimków zwrotnych na ogół nie używamy z czasownikami get up, rest, meet oraz re/ax. She needs to relax. (NIE: ~l:ie Reed& tg relex l:ierself.) Po czasownikach dress, wash i shave na ogół nie występuje zaimek zwrotny. Możemy go jednak użyć, aby podkreślić, że ktoś zrobił coś z dużym wysiłkiem. . Every morning c/ad wakes up and washes his face. My three-yeor-olcl cloughter monoged to dress herse/f. Each other oznacza „nawzajem". They plan to emai/ each other every cloy
Określniki dzierżawcze
my your his/her/its •
•
264
aur yo ur their
Zaimki dzierżawcze mine ours yours yours his/hers/its - theirs
Zarówno określniki, jak i zaimki dzierżawcze mogą wyrażać własność lub relacje między ludźmi. Określniki dzierżawcze występują przed rzeczownikami, które określają, natomiast zaimki dzierżawcze występują samodzielnie. Th is is my cm: Th is car is mine.
z nazwami części ciała lub ubioru. I broke my leg. I took off my shoes and put on my slippers. W odniesieniu do części ciała zamiast określnika dzierżawczego używamy przedimka the w wyrażeniach przyimkowych opisujących, co można zrobić lub co może się przytrafić częściom ciała, np. b/ows, pains itp. Inne czasowniki przeważnie łączące się z takimi wyrażeniami to m.in. hit, punch, slap, bite, touch, pat, sting. She slapped him a cross the face. (NIE: „.across /:ii& face) The teacher patted her 011 the shou/der. (NIE: on~ shoulder) W poniższych strukturach używamy słowa own, aby podkreślić, że coś do kogoś należy. rzeczownik + of+ mylyour itd. + own - She bought a house of her own. my/your itd. + own + rzeczownik - She has her own house. UWAGA: its to określnik dzierżawczy- The dog wagged its tai/ happi/y it's to skrót od it is or it has - lt's (= it is) sucha cute clog. lt's (= it has) yot Jong eurs.
i'~~
~'1"''
-
rzeczownik w lp. + 's the girl's book, the dog's tai/ rzeczownik w Im. (regularny) + ' the girls' porents rzeczownik w Im. (nieregularny, niezakończony na -s) + 's the women 's bogs, the chilc/1e11 's room rzeczownik złożony+ 's her brother-in-low's flot
• •
0
13
of+ nazwa przedmiotu/pojęcia abstrakcyjnego the boot of the ecu; the price of fome of+ rzeczownik w dopełniaczu/zaimek dzierżawczy w sytuacji, gdy rzeczownik poprzedzony jest określnikiem (this, any itp.) Look ot this µointing of Picasso's. (jeden z obrazów pędzla Picassa) o book of his (jedna z należących do niego książek) of+ określenie osoby (w dłuższych wyrażeniach) Fhots the friencf of one of my cousins. 'siof w nazwach miejsc lub organizacji Rome's ottroctions /the ottroctions of Rome
Konstrukcji zaimek osobowy + be/inny czasownik używamy, aby podać więcej szczegółów o rzeczy lub osobie wspomnianej wcześniej. There's someone at the do01: He hos o porcel for you. e ft + be używamy, identyfikując sposoby lub rzeczy. There's someone in the living room. lt's your uncle. • Konstrukcji ft+ be+bezokolicznik z to/zdanie podrzędne z that używamy na początku zdania. Jt's nice to see you. lt's o pity tlwt Joyce wasn't invited to the party 0 ft używamy również, podając odległość (lt's over 200 km from Glmgow to Live1pool.), temperaturę (lt's 40 clegrees outside.), czas (/t's 4 o'clock.), pogodę (lt's sunny todoy.) oraz w następujących wyrażeniach: lt seems tlwt, /t appears that, lt looks like, lt is said that, lt doesn't matter itp. ft looks /ike il's going to roin. ft seems that there is o problem with the printe1: ORAZ There seems to be a problem with the printe1: ©
2
i zaimki dzierżawcze •
~
There + be używamy, wspominając o czymś po raz pierwszy lub mówiąc o tym, że coś się gdzieś znajduje. There is o il7Llll in the room.
0
3 Określni.ki
's l s; (ludzie "i tWiehęt:a)
There/lt
9
~amięta}\
,_..J~;')~~ """"~'",.,F.i\1/ff'H''l'"'11'.mlt.>~~N1'Jlf'l#;l"Jl~!f1.J:l!,'!'.1J':'f••
4
5
Określników dzierżawczych używamy
6
7
8
Fill in the gaps with the correct subject or object pronoun. A: Hasn't Dad finished making supper yet? B: No, he hasn't. He is still making it in the kitchen. A: Do you like Peter's new boots? ............... we re very expensive ! B: Yes, ... „ .......... do. „ ............. look really good on ............... . A: How does your brother know my sister? B: ............... met ............... at school. .............. . are in the same class. A: Do you want to see a comedy or a drama? B: ............... don't mind ................ both sound good to ............... . A: I can't find my basketball. ............... is a new brown one. 's: I saw John with ............... just naw............... . must have thought it was his. A: Where's Peter? B: .......... „... is at work. ....... „...... is working overtime today. A: Have ............... seen Pam? B: No, ........ „ .. „ . haven't. I think ...... „ .. „ ... is at the library. A: Where are the kids? B: ............... are in their room.
1OFili in the correct reflexive pronoun or each other. A: B: 2 A: B: 3 A: B:
Did you help Martha make this dress? No, she did all the sewing herse/f. Wow, l'm hungry! I haven't eaten all day. There are some cakes on the table. Help ........... . Are you going on holiday with your children? No, they are grown-ups naw; they can go by
4
Have you been talking to your mother lately? Oh, yes. We call ............. all the time. Why are you crying? Are you OK? No, I cut „ ........... with this knife. Did you and your husband have fun at your anniversary dinner? • Yes, we really enjoyed .. „ .•...••.•• Should I turn off the computer? No, it's OK. lt will turn ............. off after half an hour. That cake tastes delicious. I made it „ ....... „ • . . Behave .„ .......... or you'll go to your room. l'm sorry, Mum. Why is Jessie crying? She burnt ........ „ ••. while frying fish.
A: B: 5 A: B: 6 A: B:
7 A: B: A: B: 9 A: B: 10 A: B:
8
265
m
Formy dzierżawcze/Zdania z there i it.
11 Fill in the correct possessive adjectives or possessive pronouns.
2
3
4 5
6
A: There's a dog outside. Is it yours? B: We've got three dogs, so it might be one of ................. What colour is ................ fur? A: lf we don't leave for the station right away, we'll miss ................ train. B: You're right. 1'11 go and get ................ luggage. A: I love your jacket! Did you just get it? B: Oh, it isn"t ........................ I borrowed it from ................ brother. A: Why did you lend Pam ................ MP3 player? B: Because ................ is broken. A: I can't find ................ umbrel la. B: Here, you can borrow one of ................ . A: The Petersons must be quite poor................ . house is very small and old. B: Yes, and ................ car looks like an antique!
Przyimki miejsca, kierunku i czasu
14 Fill in the gaps with the possessive forms of the nouns in brackets. A: B: 2 A: B: 3 A: B:
4 A: B: 5 A: B:
Where was the party at the weekend? At my cousin's (cousin) fiat. Whose car is that? lt's my ................................. (brother-in-law). Wow, did you get a new PC? No, the computer in the living room is my ........................... „ ............ (mum and dad). Where is your money? lt's at the ........................................... . (bottom/fountain). I made a wish ! Whose bikes are these? They're ............................................... . (Ann and James) bikes.
15 Fill in: there or it.
Przyimki miejsca
in/inside
where necessary. lf I had a car of my own, I' d never have to ask you for a lift to work again. 2 My cat has a mind ....................... ; it never does what I tell it to.
3 Bob and Sheila are getting older. I really think they need rooms ....................... . 4 Helen hopes to get ...... „ ... „ .......... place as soon as she graduates. 5 I don't need to borrow your bike because l've got a bike „ .................. „ . .
13 Connect the nouns using '.s, (') or of. 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
1O 11 12
motorbike/Tony - Tony's motorbike _Canada/the Prime Minister - .............................. . pool/the children - ............................................. . some friends/my cousin - ................................... . Greece/islands - .................... „ ........................... . catsimy neighbours - ........ „ „ „ . „ . „ .............. „ ..... . the yacht/my dad's best friend - ................... „. „ .. the box/the bottom - ......................................... . laptop/my sister - ........................................ „ ..... . house/Cindy and Dave - ........... „ ............... „ ....... . the office/my brother's wife - ........ „ .................. . his mother-in-law/car - ...... „ ........... „ ................. .
2
3
4
5
16 Fill in: there or it. A: Is there anything to eat?
2 3
4
5
266
a wonderful time. .............. .'s amazing you carne home so early! .............. .'s so much traffic due to the strike; I thought you'd be late. You'd better hold on to your bag ............... .'s getting crowded in here. . . . . . . are a lot of bag snatch.ers during the holidays. A: Mum, ......... 's a strange-looking man standing outside staring at our garden. B: ............ .'s John, de ar. He's our new gardener." ..........„... .'s nothing good on TV tonight; ............... 's a pity we don't have a DVD to watch.
B: .............. .'s tuna pasta. . .............. 's on the counter. A: ............... 's someone on the phone for you. B: ............... 's probably the babysitter. A: ............... takes me at least 20 minutes to dry my hair and l'm already late for my appointment. B: ............... 's no need to rush ................ 's less than 5 km from here, so 1'11 drive you there. A: Well, . .... .. .. ... .. was really nice to see you again. B: Yes ................ 's a pity we live so far away. A: ............... 's going to go up to 35 degrees Celsius today. Shall we go to the beach? B: Sure ................ 's a great beach on the North coast. We can go there.
!._
below
above
D•
near
in front of
~
behind
rei
• opposite
next to/by/beside
·o
/O
D•D
against
between
on
under
.•••. "
• •
at
411
(a)round
among
4tJł\ on top of
Przyimki kierunku
~
on to
off
i
,:>J"'""""··
D
;q
over
!t's too bad you missed the school dance. We had
12 Fill in the gaps with my, your, etc ... own. Use of
.....-
..J. . „. „„, through
Lr
out of
~
~
-:ii!__
along
across
D past
Il
up
O-+
~
from
to
lt
-+········D
down
towards
At Przyimka at używamy: • w odniesieniu do miejsca w znaczeniu: „na", „przy", „w", „u"; I waited at the bus stop for two hours. • mówiąc, gdzie jakieś wydarzenie się odbywa; Were there many peop/e at the dance festival? • w wyrażeniach: at school/universitylcollege, at work, at home, at the top of. at the bottom of. at sea (w podróży morskiej), at the stationlairport, at the seaside itp.; Where's Ann? She's stil/ at work. • w adresach, podając numer domu; She lives at 96 Euston Road. ALE in Gov\rer Street • mówiąc o czyimś miejscu pracy lub zamieszkania. at Amy's (house), at the baker's
In Przyimka in używamy: • w wyrażeniach: in the middle, in the sea, in the sky, in bed, in hospita/, in prison, in a newspaperlmagazinelbook, in a picturelphoto, in a street, in the world, in this lesson, in the country, in one's hand itp.; What's that in the photo? • przed nazwami miast, krajów i kontynentów. in Brighton, in Milan, in Germany, in Europe
UWAGA: Mówiąc o miejscu jako takim, używamy przyimka in, natomiast odnosząc się do funkcji miejsca, użyjemy przyimka at. There were many chi/dren in the park. (w obrębie parku) There were many chi/dren at the park. (Bawiły się.)
On Przyimka on używamy w wyrażeniach: on the leftlright, on a/the platformlpagelscreen/islandlbeachlcoast, on a map, on a farm, on a/the menu, on the first/second itd. f/oor. What'.s on the menu? on a chair ALE in an armchair on/at the corner of a street ALE in the corner of a room, go/run round the corner
e o
Mówiąc o środkach transportu, używamy przyimka by. by ca1Jbus/train/taxi/plane!boat ALE on foot Przyimka by nie używamy, jeśli nazwa środka transportu poprzedzona jest przedimkiem (a/an/the), przymiotnikiem dzierżawczym (my, your itd.) lub dopełniaczem. on the tra in - in your car - on the five o'clock bus, on the piane, in Pau/'s car
267
Przyimki miejsca, kierunku i czasu
Przyimki miejsca, ki·erunku i czasu 3
Przyimki czasu
godziny: ut une o 'doc/~ święta: at Christmos, at fusre1 wyrażenia:
at t/1e moment. at present, at daw11, at 110011/at lunch1in1e, at night, at miclnight. at the weekend
miesiące:
in ,\./w Lit Jul}, elL pory roku: in lthel sp1in~i:swrn 11e1, oulw nn1 wmte1 lata: in 19913/2004, etc stulecia: in the 21 st centwy wyrażenia:
dni: on Fricloy, on New \
in ihe 1nc1111inq.'ofte1110on·eve:11i119, in 011 how; in u 111inute, in o weeVfew clo\lsimonth,')teor
pamiętaj\
Fill in: in,
5
on, atwhere necessary.
The sun is very hot today. l'm going to sit ... .. the
A: I am taking my driving test in two weeks. B: Good luck!
shade. A on
2 A: Let's meet ... „ .. 6:30 tomorrow. B: OK, 1'11 see you then.
2
3 A: Is the bakery open . „ .. „ .. Sunday morning? B: No, it's closed .. „ „ ... Sundays. 4
e
2
• on (x3) • under • between (x2) • in front of
2 Jason kicked the bali along/through the hole in
• against • above
the fence. 3 Betty was stuck in traffic that was moving slowly along/at the road.
Choose the correct item.
4 I wanted to exercise a little so I decided to run
5 6 7 8 9
up/on to the top of/on the hill. The aeroplane flew over/on the ocean. They sat around/across the table playing cards. The referee was standing among/along the players at the end of the pitch. Sally danced around/along the room in excitement. The fire alarm sounded and everyone went
up/out of the building. 1 O I was sitting on/aga inst the bench waiting for my friend to arrive.
11 Tom took a shortcut home through/round the park. 12 The boy watched the parade from across/through
1
A on
B in
c
at
1
B: l'm working late today. 1 11 probably leave .
5 A bird flew
7 o'clock.
house. A in
6 A: Is Terry's birthday „ „ . „ .. January? B: Yes, it's ... „ „ „ the 15th.
„ .....
7
morning; I can't wait. „ „ .. „ .
Christmas? „ ..... „ Christmas
1 2 3 4
5 6 7 8 9
C in
through the gate. A over
B on
C through
1O On his lunch break, Paul sits ...... a bench in the Fili in:
in, on, at.
l've been invited to a party on 21 st February. Hurry up! We have to leave „ . „ „ „ •... two minutes. I usually have to work „ „ .. „ „ „ . Saturday evenings. Sam is staying „ „ . „ „ . „ . Paul's house tomorrow. I saw the art i cle . „ „ . „ •. „ . a magazine. Sally and I shouted „ .. „ ... „ .. the same time. I am meeting Jerry „ „ . „ „ „ .. Wednesday. The weather is usually warmer ........ „ „ . spring. lt is dark when I leave the house early ... „ „ „ .... the morning. . „ ... „
..
the left .. „
top of the stairs. The heater did not work; it was cold
13 Jane closed the door behind/past her.
11
14 Steve took the letters on/off the trolley and put them into/onto the desks. 15 The train goes from/through London to Edinburgh. 16 What's onto/inside the bag? lt's quite heavy.
car. 12 The party is ..... „
park. A in
11
B at
C on
There was a threat of a bomb ...... the 1O o'clock tra in. A on
B in
C at
12 He leaned ...... a tree as he watched his son play in the park.
A behind
B against
C into
13 She looked both ways, then ran ...... the street. A opposite B past C across 14 The bank was very busy, "'1 had to wait
10 The bathroom is . „
the road.
B by
9 Jane climbed . . . . . the wali instead of walking
Eve.
4
C by
8 Tom lives ...... 19 Delaware Road. A at B in C on
1
B: Yes, we are getting together
B through
Sally was ...... the theatre, watching a musical with her parents. A at
8 A: Are you going to the zoo tomorrow? B: Yes, it opens „ „ ..... 9 0 clock .. „ . „ .. the
9 A: Will you see your family
the open window into the
6 Jenny is taking the train from Luton ..... London. A until B in C to
7 A: The weather is lovely today.
There is a piano !!!lat the corner of the living room.
Janet is staying at her sister's house. Her bedroom is very nice. There is a large bed 1) between two small bedside cabinets. There are two small cushions 2) ... „ ... „ .• „ „ ..........•..•.•• the bed. There is a picture 3) .................................. the bed 4) ............... „ .......••...••.•. the wall. There is a striped chest 5) .............................. the bed. 6) ......... ,.......... . the chest .there is a large rug. There are two red armchairs 7) ~ ................................. the wall. There is a table 8) ............................... the red armchairs. Finally, there is a colourful lamp 9) .......................... the table.
at
4 They boy was hiding ... „. a big rock. C through A past B behind
win ter. Look at the picture and fill in the gaps with a suitable preposition from the list.
c
Paul is not home ...... the moment. He ll be home in an hour. c on B at A by
3 Lisa's fiat is ...... the fifth floor.
A: l'm going to the opera ..... „. the weekend. B: I hope you enjoy it.
B: I know, usually we have bad weather
1
· B, in
„
5 A: What time are you leaving work today?
Aby określić czas trwania czegoś, używamy przyimków from ... toltil//until. I work from 8 to!til//until 4 every c/ay. e Aby określić, ile czasu coś zajmie, używamy przyimka in. /'// finish cooki119 in len 111i11u1.:s. The 11e1v/1ouse1vi// be reotfy in mu 1veeks. 111 Przyimków czasu nie używamy: a) z wyrażeniami today, tomorrow, tonight oraz yesterday. /'// see you toni9h1. ~~" b) ze słowami this, /ast, next, every. all, some, each, one oraz any. We flew to Japan last month.
Circle the correct item.
„ „ ..
„
.... „
...
.. „ . „ ....
the the
Keira's house .. „ „ „ „ „ . Canal
Street. 13 Not many students we re .. „ „ . „ „ .. class today; they were „ „ „ „ . „ .. home sick with the fiu. 14 I won't be home „ „ .••... „ . Thursday morning, but 1'11 be there . „ ... „ ... „ the afternoon. 15 I am meeting Susan „ „ „ .. „ „ . 1O am.
queue for a long time. A by B in
„..
a
C at
15 I saw Ian standing ...... a group of students. A between B round C among 16 The kitchen is exactly. „ „ . their bedroom. B down C towards A below 17 Put the coffee table ...... the sofa. C under A among B opposite 18 The children saw their parents and ran ...... them. A beside B against C towards
269
Pytania i odpowiedzi
Pytania i odpowiedzi
~~nia zadaje~y, aby uzyskać i_nformację lub pozwole.nie. Za pomocą zdań pytających można także formułować oferty, p1 os?Y· sugestie lub_zaproszerna. D? you know what time the train leaves? (pytanie o informację) May I see the monager? (prosba o pozwolenie), Wou/d you like me to do the ironing? (oferta), Could you show me how to fi1 the top? (prośba), Shal/ we go to the opera? (sugestia), Would you like to hove dinner with me? (zaproszenie)
Pytania o podmiot/dopełnienie •
•
Pytania o podmiot zadajemy, gdy chcemy się dowiekto wykonał daną czynność lub co się stało. Rozpoczynają się one zwykle od zaimków who, whose, what lub which. Czasownik występuje w takiej samej formie jak w zdaniach oznajmujących. dzieć,
Pytania ogólne Pytania ogólne (o rozstrzygnięcie) zaczynają się od czasownika posiłkowego lub modalnego (is, are, do, does, can itd.), po którym stoi podmiot. Zwykle odpowiadamy na takie pytania Yes lub No. "Is she OK?" "No, she isn't." "Can I feave naw?" "Yes, you can." • Jeśli_ główny czasownik w zd~~iu ;'>'stępuje w czasie present simple, pytania ogólne tworzymy za pomocą czasownika posiłkowego do iub does. Jesh głowny czasownik w zdaniu występuje w czasie past simple, pytania ogólne tworzymy za pomocą czasownika posiłkowego did. "Does she worka lot?" "Yes, she does. ,. "Did you like the food?" "No, I didn't. „ 0 Aby nie powtarzać treści pytania, używamy krótkich odpowiedzi. Kr~tk~e odpow~edz~ twierdzące: Yes+ zaimek osobowy+ czasownik posiłkowy. "Hove you studied?" 'Yes./ hove." Krotk1e odpow1edz1 przeczące: No + zaimek osobowy + czasownik posiłkowy w formie przeczącej. "Did you have a shower?" "No, I didn't."
m
Pytania o dopełnienie zadajemy, gdy chcemy się dowiedzieć, co ktoś zrobił. Rozpoczynają się one zwykle od zaimków who, whose, what lub which. Czasownik występuje w formie pytającej.
•
visited
Steve?
Jeśli pytamy o składnik wyrażenia przyimkowego stojącego po czasowniku, przyimek stawiamy na końcu zdania.
"Who clid she go to the party with ?" "Which topie are you mare familiar with - głobal warming or endangered species ?"
Pytania
pośrednie
Pytań pośrednich używamy, aby poprosić uprzejmie o informację. Szyk zdania w pytaniach pośrednich jest taki sam, jak
Pytania szczegółowe Py~nia szczegółowe rozpoczynają się od zaimka pytającego who, what, where, when itd. W pytaniach tych czasownik posiłkowy lub modalny poprzedza podmiot.
w zdaniach oznajmujących (podmiot + czasownik). Pytania pośrednie wprowadzamy za pomocą zaimków pytających (who, what, where itp.) lub spójników if/whether. bezpośrednie
:epśrednie
"Where is the hospita/?'
"Have thev been invitec/7"
"Could you tell me where the hospita/ is?"
"Do you know if/whether they have been invited?"
•
who (pytanie o ludzi) "Who is that man?" "My dad."
•
where (pytanie o miejsce) 'Where ore my keys?" "On your desk."
•
whose (pytanie o własność) "Whose bog is this?" or "Whose is this bag?" "lt's Jock's.'
•
why (pytanie o przyczynę) "Why are you soc/?""/ hod a fight with my friend." Odpowiedzi niekiedy zaczynają się od słowa because. "Becouse I hod a fight with myfriend."
Jeśli pytanie pośrednie jest częścią pytania, na końcu zdania stawiamy znak zapytania. Jeśli pytanie pośrednie jest częścią
•
how much (pytanie o ilość) "How much flour do you need?" "A kilo."
J~ośrednie
•
how many (pytanie o liczbę) "How many /anguages can he speak?" "Fow:"
Pytania rozłączne
. • -whichlwhat (pytanie o rzeczy) Zaimka which używamy samodzielnie, przed rzeczownikami lub zaimkiem one/ones, aby zapytać o osobę lub rzecz wybraną z ograniczonego i określonego zbioru osób lub
rzeczy. "Which actor is your favourite - De Niro or Pacino?" (Wybór jest
ograniczony do dwóch aktorów.)
Which używamy również z przymiotnikami w stopniu wyższym i najwyższym. "Which is fa ster, a jaguar or a cheetah ?" • Zaimek what ma bardziej ogólne znaczenie i używamy go samodzielnie lub przed rzeczownikiem, pytając o osobę lub
•
how (pytanie o sposób) "How do you make bread?"
rzecz spośród nieograniczonej liczby osób lub rzeczy. "What /anguage do they speak?" (Istnieje bardzo wiele języków, więc wybór jest w praktyce nieograniczony.)
•
when/how long (ago)lhow oftenlwhat time (pytanie o czas) "When is the festival?" "Next Friday." "How lóng is the lesson ?" "2 hours." "Howoften does shego to the dentist?" 'Twicea ye01:" "What time is it?" "lt's 6 o'clock."
•
how old (pytanie o wiek) "How old are you ?" "Seventeen."
•
how far (pytanie o odległość) "How far is the school?" "lt's only a short walk away"
how long/how tall (pytanie o rozmiar) "How long is the bridge?" "About 60 metres." "How tall is Tom?" "He's 1.80m."
Struktury what +be ... like używamy, pytając o cechy charakteru/osobowości . What is your mum like? She is kind and /oving.
• „
tli..
Struktury what + do ... look like używamy, pytając o wygląd zewnętrzny. What does your dad look like? He is tall and handsome.
zdania oznajmującego, na końcu zdania stawiamy kropkę.
bezpośrednie
•
e
"How does this PC work?"
"Shoulc/ I call a doctor:'"
"Could you explain how this PC works?"
"/ wonder if/whether I should call a doctor."
Pytania rozłączne (question tags) to krótkie formy pytające dodawane na końcu zdania. Pytań rozłącznych używamy głównie w mowie potocznej, by uzyskać potwierdzenie lub dowiedzieć się, czy coś jest prawdą. Ich odpowiednikiem w języku polskim są słowa prawda?/nieprawda(ż)? Pytania rozłączne składają się z czasownika posiłkowego lub modalnego oraz zaimka osobowego. Jeżeli czasownik w zdaniu ma formę czasu present simple lub past simple w pytaniu rozłącznym używamy czasownika posiłkowego do, does lub did i zaimka osobowego. "He likes sushi, doesn't he?" 'They bought a new house, didn't they?"
•
Do zdań twierdzących dodajemy pytanie rozłączne w formie przeczącej. Do zdań przeczących dodajemy pytanie rozłączne w formie twierdzącej. "He hates fish, doesn't he?" "You don't drink milk, do you?"
a-. . ~·~··.~ •
Pytań pośrednich używamy zazwyczaj po następujących wyrażeniach I don't know .. .ll'd like to know .. .// wonder .. ./We need to flnd out .. .ll'd like to find out ... lub Do you know ... ?/Can you tell me ... ?/Cou/d you tell me ... ?/Cou/d you explain ... ?/Have you any idea ... ?
Jeśli w zdaniu występuje słowo o znaczeniu przeczącym (np. never, hardly, seidom lub rare/y), do zdania dodajemy
e
pytanie rozłączne w formie twierdzącej. "She seidom goes out, does she ?" Do niektórych zdań dodajemy pytania rozłączne utworzone w nietypowy sposób: I am -+ aren't I? (I am ole/er than you, aren't I?) tryb rozkazujący-+ will/won't you? (Open yow book, will/won 't you ?)
I have -+ don't I? (You have lunch at 2 eve1y day, don't you?) The re is/a re -+ isn't/aren't there? (The re are some biscuits in the jar, aren't there?)
This!That is _,. isn't it? (That's your friend Sophie over there, Don't ->will you? (Don't talk, will you?) isn't it?J Let's-> shall we? (Let's go, shall we?) I have (gat) (oznaczające własność)-• haven't I? Everyone/Someone/Anyone/No one_,. they? (Everyone (He has gat six chi/dren, hasn't he?)
liked the food, didn't they?)
271
m
Pytania i odpowiedzi
Załącznik
I: Czasowniki złożone (phrasal verbs)
Intonacja Jeśli
•
jesteśmy
pewni odpowiedzi i oczekujemy jedynie potwierdzenia naszej op1n11, pytanie rozłączne wymawiamy z intonacją opadającą.
'This isn't Jane, is it?"
18
e Jeśli
nie jesteśmy pewni odpowiedzi i chcemy sprawdzić daną informację, pytanie rozłączne wymawiamy z intonacją wznoszącą.
~
be after: (tr) 1) want, try to gai n, 2) chase be in for: (tr) expect sth (usu bad) be off: 1).(tr) not want/like any more, 2) (int) be
'This is your favourite song, isn't it?" ,/
absent (from school, work, etc)
1
Choose the correct word or phrase.
Which/Which of these novels should I get Joannie for her birthday?
3 How long/How much have you been living in Suffolk? 4
What/Which do you think of my new suit?
5 How/How much do you know I wasn't at home last night?
2
Write questions for the sentences below. The words in bold should be the answer. Tom broke the vase.
Who broke the vase?
2 Helen invited Paul to her graduation party.
4
be over: (int) come to an end
get along {with): (tr) be on friendly terms with sb,
Michelle will arrive on Monday, will/won't she?
break down: (int) 1) stop working, 2) lose control of
get on with get away with: (tr) 1) escape punishment for
Fill
feelings, 3) fail break in (int)/break into: (tr) 1) enter by force, 2) interrupt break out: (int) 1) (of war, fi re, etc) begin suddenly
BUT a storm breaks, 2) escape break up: (int) 1) (of schools, etc) stop for holidays, 2) separate; split up
5 Chris forgot to do his homework.
Canberra is the capital of Australia:.„.„„.„„.„„.„„ ... „? „.„„„„„„„„„„„ ... ?
indirect questions.
5 There's some pizza left,
Have you made plans for the weekend? Could .. „ .... „ .. „ ....... „„.„ ........... „ ............ „ ......... .
6 That's our new History teacher,
5 What is the capital of Germany? 6
272
Do-··----··-············-·--·-·-·······-·········-····-····-·-········-· What time does Kylie have basketball practice? Could .... „ ....... „ .. „ ..... „„ ..... „ .. „.„ ...... „ .. „„ .. „ .... .
7
Did Jillian call while I was out for lunch? I wonder .. „ .... „ .. „ ....... „ ....... „ ..... „ ...... „„ ........... .
8
Who does this briefcase belong to? Could .. „ .. „„ .. „„„.„„„„„ ... „„„„„„.„„„.„„„„„„.
3) (int) stop doing or having sth
7 Trudy and Carol went on a business-
./
trip, „„„„„„„„„„.„„„.?
7
./
„„„„„„„ .. „.„.„.„.?
./ ./
9 10
You don't drink coffee, .„.„„„„„.„„„„„„.? He's gone to the post office,
r----t---1~--"-'"_"_„_„_„.„_._„_„_„_„_„_._?______ -11 Peter wasn't here last night, ./ li „.„.„„„„.„.„.„„.„? --~-'-----------------
go out: (int) stop burning, be extinguished
cut off: (tr) 1) disconnect, 2) (usu passive) isolate
go over: (tr) 1) examine details, 2) repeat
do away with: (tr) 1) abolish, 2) kill
go round: (int) 1) be enough fót everyone to have a share, 2) visit, 3) (of news, a disease) spread, circulate
do up: (tr) 1) fasten, tie, 2) wrap, 3) repair, redecorate,
go through: (tr) 1) examine carefully, go over, 2) (of
4) make oneself more attractive, dress up
f "
----''
ring, 2) be switched off, 3) (of food) spoil
cut into: (tr) interrupt; break in
(could) do with: (tr) want, need sth do without: (tr) live/continue without having sth
8 We will meet you outside the cinema.
go back on: (tr) break a promise or agreement go down with: (tr) become iii go off: (int) 1) (of a bomb) explode, (of an alarm)
D
„„„„.„„„„„.„„„„ ?
3 How much does this jacket cost? Is Cathy coming to the party? Have ........ „ .. „.„.„„„ ................. „ .... „.„ .............. .
2) (int) surrender, offer oneself as a prisoner,
come round: (int) 1) visit casually, 2) regain
cut down: (tr) 1) cause to fali by cutting, 2) reduce sth
„„„.„„„„.„„„„„„?
hand out give up: (tr) 1) stop/abandon an attempt, habit, etc
come into: (tr) inherit
answer, etc)
„„„„„„„„.„„„„„.?
Can you tell me w/wt you are reading?
Can .............. „ ..... „.„ ........... „.„ .. „ .... „ ....... „ ...... .
give out: 1) (int) come to an end, 2) (tr) distribute,
4 I am taller than Fred,
What are you reading?
4
give off: (tr) emit (heat, fumes, smell, etc)
consciousness, come to come up with: (tr) find, think of (a solution, an
3 Joe and Pete signed up for the claśs~ 1
give away: (tr) 1) reveal sth, betray sb, 2) lose an
come along: (int) 1) hurry up, come on, 2) appear,
come down with: (tr) become iii, go down with
John has come back to work, hasn'the?
sth (supplies, money, etc) get through to: (tr) reach sb by telephone
advantage give in: 1) (int) surrender, 2) (tr) hand in
come by: (tr) obtain
./
survive through difficult times, 3) (tr) use up all of
come across: (tr) meet/find by chance, run across arrive by chance
2
2
get through: 1) (tr) finish (a piece of work), 2) (int)
c
6 She spoke to Jason about her future plans.
Turn the following into
get round to: (tr) find the necessary time to do sth
a subject
not sure sure
along with, 2) continue after an interruption
bring out: (tr) publish, put on the market
bring up: 1) (tr) raise a chi Id, 2) mention, introduce
sentences aloud with the correct intonation.
late, get nearer 3) have a friendly relationship, get a long get on with: (tr) 1) be on good terms with, get
bring about: (tr) cause to happen
bring round (to): (tr) persuade
in the question tags, then read the
wrongdoing, 2) escape capture with stolen goods get on: (int) 1) advance, make progress, 2) become
get over: (tr) 1) recover, 2) overcome
bring round/to: (tr) make sb regain consciousness
4 Professor Moore gave an interesting lecture on Renaissance Art.
G
Choose the correct item.
2 My brother shouldn't borrow my things without asking, shouldn't/should he? 3 I am allowed to use a calculator in the Maths exam, aren't/am I? 4 Let's go for lunch, shall/will we? 5 Harry helped you move the furniture last night, didn't/hasn't he? 6 Greg had already left by the time you carne, didn't/hadn't he? 7 Timothy likes tacos, does/doesn't he? 8 That's your car, isn't it/isn't that? 9 You have never been to France before, haven't/have you? 10 Wait for me, do/will you?
5
3 Tina dropped her keys.
3
payment)
fall for: (tr) 1) be deceived, 2) fall in love with sb fall in with: (tr) agree with, go along with fall out (with): (tr) quarrel with sb
be on: (int) be shown (on TV, at the cinema, etc)
1 Do you know who/whose cat that is in the tree? 2
fall behind: (int) 1) fail to keep up, 2) be late (with
fall apart: (int) 1) break into pieces, 2) end in failure fall back on: (tr) turn to sth for help when other plans have failed, tum to
money, food, etc) use up, spend, 3) experience, endu re
H hold back: 1) (tr) control (tears, laughter), 2) (tr) keep secret, 3) (int) be reluctant to act hold on: (int) wait (esp. on the phone) hold up: 1) (tr) delay, 2) (tr) use violence in order to rob, 3) (int) last, hold out
Załącznik
I: Czasowniki
złożone
K keep away from: (tr) stay away keep back: (tr) not tell keep off: (tr) 1) make sb stay away from, 2) avoid (food, a habit, etc), keep away from keep on: 1) (int) continue in spite of difficulties, 2) (tr) continue doing sth, carry on keep out of: (tr) stay away from (trouble) keep up with: (tr) 1) proceed at an equal pace with, 2) continue to 0e informed (news, events)
L look after: (tr) take care of look down on: (tr) have a bad opinion of sb, disapprove of sb/sth (opp: look up to) look for: (tr) search for look forward to: (tr) anticipate (with pleasure) look into: (tr) examines, investigate look out for: (tr) be alert in order to see/find sb/sth look over: 1) examine sth carefully, go through, 2) revise briefly and quickly look through: (tr) 1) look at sth quickly, 2) search among a few things to find something look up: 1) (tr) look for sth (such as an address, etc) in a book or list, 2) visit sb (esp. sb living far away)
M make out: (tr) 1) see sb/sth clearly, 2) understand, work out, 3) write out, fill in make sth up to sb: (tr) compensate sb for sth make up: 1) (tr) invent, think up, (a story, an excuse, etc) 2) (tr) put cosmetics on, 3) (int) become friends again, 4) (tr) form as a whole make up for: (tr) compensate, repay sb for sth
p put aside: (tr) save, put by put away: (fr) put sb into prison or mental hospital put down: (tr) 1) make a note, write down, 2) pay a deposit for sth put off: (tr) postpone put on: (tr) 1) dress oneself in, 2) increase (in weight), 3) switch on, 4) (of a show/performance) cause to take place put out: (tr) 1) extinguish (fi re, etc), 2) cause inconvenience to sb put through: (tr) 1) connect by telephone, 2) make sb undergo or suffer sth put up with: (tr) tolerate, bear
27
(phrasal verbs)
Załącznik
R run across: (tr) meet sb/find sth by chance run away: (int) escape (from home, duty, etc), run off run into: (tr) 1) meet sb unexpectedly, 2) collide with sth in a vehicle, 3) experience (difficulties) run out of: (tr) no longer have a supply of sth run out of: (tr) no longer have a supply of sth
A
absent from (adj) according to (prep) account for (v) accuse sb of (v) advantage of (n) afraid of (adj)
agree to/on sth (v) agree with sb (v) aim at (v) angry at/with sb about sth (adj) angry at/with sb for doing sth (adj) apologise to sb for sth (v)
apply to sb for sth (v) argue with sb about sth (v) arrive at (a small place) (v) arrive in (a town) (v) ask for (v) (but: ask sb a question)
B
bad at (adj) (but: He was very bad to me.) beg for (v) begin with (v)
believe in (v) (put the) blame on sb (n) blame sb for sth (v) blame sth on sb (v)
boast about/of (v) bored with (adj)
c
capable of (adj) care about (v) care for sb (v) (= like) careful of (adj) characteristic of (n/adj) clever at (adj) (but: lt was very clever of you to buy it.)
close to (adj) comparison between (n) complain of (v) (= suffer from) complain to sb about sth (v) (=be annoyed at) conscious of (adj) consist of (v)
crash into (v) crazy about (adj) crowded with (adj) cruel to (adj) cure for (n) curious about (adj)
deal with (v) demand for (n) departure from (n) depend on/upon (v) die of/from (v) die in (an accident) (v)
differ from (v) different from (adj) difficulty in/with (n) disadvantage of (n) disagree with (v) disappointed at/with/about (adj)
disgusted by/at (adj) dismiss from (v) dispose of (v) dream about (v) dream of (v) (= imagine) dressed in (adj)
escape from/to (v) example of (n)
excellent at (adj) excited about (adj)
experienced in (adj)
fail to do sth (v) famous for (adj) fed up with (adj)
forget about (v) forgive sb for (v)
frightened of (adj) full of (adj)
good at (adj) (but: He was very good to me.)
guilty of (adj) (but: He felt guilty about his crime.)
happy about/with (adj) hear about (v) (= be told)
hear from (v) (= receive a letter)
hear of (v) (= learn that sth or sb exists)
increase in (n)
insist on (v) interested in (adj)
invite sb to (v)
jealous of (adj)
join in (v)
joke about (v) knowledge of (n)
keen on sth (adj)
kind to (adj) key to (n)
r.
laugh at (v)
listen to (v)
look at (v)
M
married to (adj)
mistake sb for sb else (v)
N
nervous about (adj)
nice to (adj)
(take) (no) notice of (n)
p
part with (v) patient with (adj) pay for (v) (but: pay a bill) pay in cash (v)
picture of (n) point at/to (v) popular with (adj) prefer sth to sth else (v)
prevent sb from (v) (take) pride in (n) proud of (adj) punish sb for (v)
Q
quarrel about sth/with sb (v/n)
qualified for (adj)
quick at (adj)
s see off: (tr) accompany a traveller to his/her piane, train, etc see through: (tr) 1) not be deceived by sb/sth, 2) support sb in difficulties see to: (tr) take care of stand stand stand stand stand
by: (tr) support sb, esp. in difficulties for: (tr) be an abbreviation for in for: (tr) replace sb temporarily out: (int) be noticeable up for: (tr) support/defend sb or sth
.·
D
T take after: (tr) look or act like a relative, resemble take off: 1) (tr) remove clothes (opp: put on), 2) (int) (of planes) leave the ground, 3) (int) start to improve take sb out: (tr) take sb to a restaurant, etc take to: (tr) ljke take up: (tr) 1) begin a hobby. sport, job, 2) fill (time, space) tum down: 1) (tr) refuse an offer, reject, 2) (tr) reduce vofume, etc (opp: turn up) tum sb in: (tr) give sb to the police tum into: (tr) change into, become tum off: (tr) switch off (opp: turn on) tum over: (int) turn to a new page, change TV channel tum to: (tr) go to sb for help/advice tum up: 1) (int) arrive or appear (unexpectedly), 2) (tr) increase (volume, pressure)
....
:
E ..
F ...•
G :
H
·.··· I
·..•.
.. information about/on (n)
(J,.
w work on: (tr) have an effect on work out: 1) (tr) find the solution to a problem by reasoning or calculation, 2) (int) develop succ;essfully
11: Czasowniki/ przymiotniki/ rzeczowniki i występujące po nich przyimki
;., 1i 1,' ... '
..
:
,·'
275
Przykładowy
Załącznik 11: Czasowniki/ przymiotniki/ rzeczowniki i występujące po nich przyimki R
s
T
w
relationship between (n) (but: a good relationship with sb) rely on (v)
remind sb of/about (v) reply to (niv) responsible for (adj) result of (n)
rich in (adj) (get) rid of (adj) rude to (adj)
safe from (adj) same as (adj) satisfied with (adj) scared of (adj) search for (v/n) shout at (v)
similar to (adj) smile at (v) solution to (n) speak to/with sb about (v) spend money on sth (v) spend time in sth (v)
stare at (v) succeed in (v) suffer from (v) surprised at/by (adj)
zestaw egzaminacyjny ( CZĘŚĆ PISEMNA ) ZADANI IE 3. (0-6 pkt)
talk to sb about (v) (have) taste in (n) terrible at (adj) terrified of (adj)
thank sb for (v) think about/of (v) threaten sb with sth (v) throw at (v) (in order to hit)
throw to (v) (in order to catch) tired from (adj) tired of (adj) (= fed up with)
wait for (v) warn sb against/about/of (v)
waste (time/money) on (v) worry about (v)
write to sb (v)
I\
82.32 D Usłyszysz dwukrotnie sześć nagrań. Z podanych
ZADANIE 1. (0-5 pkt) I\
o2.30 D Usłyszysz dwukrotnie
rozmowę
na temat filmu pokazywanego w muzeum. Na podstawie usłyszanych informacji zdecyduj, które zdania są zgodne z treścią rozmowy (TRUE), a które nie (FALSE). Wstaw znak X w odpowiedniej rubryce w tabeli. False
odpowiedzi wybierz właściwą. Zakreśl literę A. B lub C.
z
treścią
tekstu.
Recording 1 The new factory owner has introduced a way to make workers ... A more punctual. B more productive. C
The museum is using new technology to show the film.
zgodną
safer.
Recording 2
2 The narrator of the film has The speaker says that the film ... A features an unusual lead character.
something named after him.
At
By
For
In
On
Out of Off Under
276
at the airport at the beginning of (when sth started) (but: in the beginning = originally) at breakfast/lunch etc at the bus stop at the door
at the end (= when sth is finished) (but: in the end= finally) at first at home at last at the moment
at night (but: in the night) at school at sea at the seaside at/in the station at the table
at at at at
by accident by heart by mistake
by oneself by phone
by the time by the way
by car/train/bus/boat/ sea/plane/air
for ever for once
for the rest of for sale
for the time being for a visit
for a walk for a while
in in in in in in in
bed cas the centre of conclusion good/bad condition danger the end (= finally)
in in in in in in in
in in in in in in in
in in in in in in in
on the beach on one's birthday on a(n) cruise/excursion/ trip/tour on a diet on a farm (but: in a field) on fire on the floor
on on on on on on on on
3 Sheryl considers the film to be
university the weekend work 4 Berkeley St
B is suitable for adult viewers only. C is based on real-life events.
more suitable for grown-ups. 4 The hand-held computers are made with durable materials.
Recording 3
5 The film can't be stopped until
The speakers in the recording are ...
it has finished.
A two players. B two coaches.
ZADANIE 2. (0-4pktJ
C a coach and a player.
C\
&~31 B Usłyszysz
fact favour of general hospital a hotel a hurry love (with) foot the one hand the other hand holiday a journey New Year's Day the news the phone
a mess the middle of the mood the morning a newspaper order of/to other words
on on on on on on
a platform the radio/TV the right/left sale the sofa this Street/on the street(s)
out of fashion
out of order
out of the question
off duty
off the road
off school/work
under control
under discussion
the past prison a queue short the sky the suburbs touch
on on on on
good/bad terms time a trip the way (to) (= as I was going to) on a train/bus/plane
out of work
dwukrotnie cztery wypowiedzi, które temat sportowej rywalizacji. Do każdej wypowiedzi (1-4) dopasuj odpowiadające jej zdanie (A-E). Wpisz rozwiązania do tabeli. Jedno zdanie zostało podane dodatkowo i nie pasuje do żadnej wypowiedzi.
łączy
A
The speaker explains why he/she didn't perform
well in a competition. B The speaker describes being a spectator at a sporting event.
Recording 4 Why can't Bill go on the camping trip? A He is iii. B He has to mind a family member. C He will be working. Recording 5 Where can you hear this announcement? A in a hotel B in a shopping centre C in a hospital
C The speaker of this recording is a sports coach. D The speaker admits to having
Speaker 1 Speaker 2
Recording 6
cheated in a competition. E We learn the correct way of doing something in a sport.
Speaker 3
Why does the woman need to pay extra for her flight? A She has too many bags. B Her bags weigh too much.
Speaker 4
C She wants a particular seat.
277
Przykładowy
Przykładowy
zestaw egzaminacyjny
zestaw egzaminacyjny
ZADANIE 4. (0-4pkt) Przeczytaj tekst na temat filmu powstającego online. Dobierz właściwy nagłówek (A-F) do każdej z oznaczonych części tekstu (1-4). Wpisz odpowiednią literę w każdą kratkę. Dwa nagłówki zostały podane dodatkowo i nie odnoszą się do żadnej części tekstu.
YouTube: A worldwide web of film-makers 11TF1Type the word 'YouTube' into any search engine 'ancfYou'll get around 2 billion hits. You can find everything from music videos to astronomy lectures on this video-sharing website, and the number of videos is growing every day. People don't just passively view this site - they constantly add to it. Every day, people around the world upload over 50,000 hours of video elips to YouTube and view 2 billion videos! ~ In 2010, Scottish film-maker Kevin Macdonald carne up with the idea of using YouTube to create a documentary called Life in a Day. This film would present a 'portrait of the world' on one day. Macdonald asked YouTube users to film some aspect of their lives on ~4th July that year and send him their videos. He knew he would get plenty of elips from techno-savvy industrialised countries, so he sent" hundreds of cameras to people in poor parts of Africa, Asia and Latin America in an effort to make the project truly reflect the world. f3lf\l As a footage-gathering experiment, the project ~uge success. More than 80,000 elips with 5,000 hours of footage were submitted to the Life in a Day team. They then had the gigantic task of editing this footage down into a feature-length film. As film editor Joe Walker explained: "After a day when one had seen something like 200 elips - five or six hours of materia! - you'd feel like a psychotherapist might feel after a full day of listening to people's private lives and problems - absolutely exhausted!" Having finalised the film, Life in a Day prem1ered at the Sundance Film Festival in Utah, USA in January 2011. And today, the film is available free to watch on YouTube. Viewers can catch glimpses of an Indian man working as a gardener in Dubai, an Australian man who addresses the camera shortly after a major heart operation, and a family of five who live on a two-person boat in Cairo. lt's got the full range and beauty of humanity - all on a 95-minute film!
ZADANIE 5. (0-3 pkt)
ZADANIE 6. (0-3 pkt)
ZADANIE 7. (0-5 pkt)
Przeczytaj trzy teksty, które łączy temat podróży. Z podanych odpowiedzi wybierz właściwą. zgodną z treścią tekstu. Zakreśl literę A, B albo C.
Przeczytaj tekst, z którego usunięto trzy zdania. Wpisz w luki (1-3) litery, którymi oznaczono brakujące zdania (A-E), tak aby otrzymać logiczny i spójny tekst. Dwa zdania zostały podane dodatkowo i nie pasują do żadnej luki.
Przeczytaj tekst. Z podanych odpowiedzi wybierz z treścią tekstu. Zakreśl literę A. B. C albo D.
_!J As
soon as I stepped off the piane, I felt the hot humid air surround me. This being my first time abroad, I had never experienced such weather conditions before. At arrivals, I passed anxious relatives waiting for their loved ones, as well as bored taxi drivers holding paper signs with the names of their clients. I knew no one was waiting for me, despite my friend Lisa's assurances that she would be there. I could never trust Lisa - but I could always forgive her. lt would be strange seeing her again after all these years. What does the writer mention about her friend? A She is not dependable. C She is impatient. B She is not punctual.
~
Don't Go Online -Go Superline!
Do you feel uncomfortable booking flights on the Internet? Are you worried about entering the wrong information or sick of the hidden charges that appear on screen after screen? Then, close your laptop and visit us at Superline Travel Agency in Trent Street, Chester. We offer flights to hundreds of European cities - at costs that are just as competitive as online. Plus, we'll give you advice and information that you won't find on any website! Visit us today! 2 The writer of the text claims that the travel agency offers flights ... A to more destinations than online. B at similar prices as online. C that are cheaper than online.
~
CLENROWS AIRPORT Notlce to All Travellers
[![Q}
A B C D E F
278
CHOOSING THE RIGHT SEGMENTS FILMING ON A LIMITED BUDGET AN EXPANDING SOURCE OF INFORMATION PRESENTING A DIVERSITY OF EXPERIENCES 24 HOURS AROUND THE GLOBE A COMMERCIAL SUCCESS
Due to renovations taking place to the exterior of Terminal 1, all vehicles (including taxis) will not be allowed access to the Terminal 1 drop-off area on Monday 5th January. lf you are planning to come to the airport by private transport, please either park in long or short-term parking, or drop off passengers outside Terminal 2. Vehicles parked elsewhere will be fined. Alternatively, travellers are encouraged to use public transport to reach the airport. 3 The text
„.
A gives readers directions to an area in the airport. B warns readers not to park illegally. C gives information about the closure of a building.
MR FRANKLIN'S VISIT Mr Franklin had been the family's doctor for as long as Harry could remember - and before that tao. And over the years, he was regularly called to treat various family illnesses, none, thankfully, ever too serious to require specialist help.
o=CJ
On this occasion, though, Mr Franklin had an expression that made Harry fear for the worse. The doctor turned his flashlight off, stood up and started walking around the room. ''l'm afraid we have a problem", Mr Franklin said. Harry stared blankly at the doctor. Perhaps this pain was the first phase towards complete deafness. He thought of all the times he had placed his ear close the radio to hear the latest football scores.12:[] "Do you enjoy listening to things, Harry?" Mr Franklin said, with a seriousness that caused Mrs Purdew to laugh. lt was only then that Harry realised the playfulness in Mr Franklin's voice. [!:O "Just minor otalgia „. or earache. lt should go away in a few days". The doctor sat down, leaned back in the seat, and waited for the cup of tea that Mrs Purdew was preparing in the kitchen. A That must have been the cause. B Mrs Purdew was also upset to hear the news. C lndeed, he had even treated Harry's mother when she was a chi Id. D He was finding it difficult to cope with the pain. E The doctor patted the boy's head and smiled at his mother.
właściwą. zgodną
OLVMPIC LEOENDS Abebe Bikila - 'The man who ran barefoot' The 1960 Olympic marathon in Rome is one of the most famous marathons in Olympic history. The athlete who won it ran the entire race in „. bare feet! When Ethiopian runner Abebe Bikila arrived in Rome to compE;!te in the 1960 Summer Olympic Games, he felt very lucky. lnitially, he had not been selected to represent his country at the Games. But just before the Ethiopian team had been about to depart for Rome, one of the runners in the team had broken his ankle. Bikila was called in to replace the injured athlete at the last minute. Bikila was used to running barefoot in Ethiopia. He actually trained for races this way. Nonetheless, when he arrived in Rome, he had no intention of running the marathon barefoot. Like the other runners, he went to get a pair of shoes fromAdidas (the shoe sponsor of the 1960 Games) before the race. But Adidas had only a few shoes left by the time Bikila went to choose a pair, and he ended up with some that didn't fit him comfortably. Two hours before the race, Bikila decided he would be better off running in bare feet. His decision shocked the other runners. Because the daytime heat was so intense that summer, the 1960 marathon was the first in Olympic history to be run at night. The race began at 5:30 pm. The field was impressive and Abebe was not expected to win. Vet win he did, and in a new world record time of 2 hrs:15 min:16 sec. The running world was amazed. A newcomer to the Games had beaten the world's best runners ... in his bare feet! Overnight, Bikila became famous. Four years later, at the 1964 Olympic Games in Tokyo, Bikila proved just how great a runner he was. He again took gold in the marathon (this time in shoes), winning in a new world record time of 2 hrs:12 min:11 sec. lncredibly, Bikila had had surgery for appendicitis less than 6 weeks before the Tokyo Olympics and hadn't been able to train at all before the race. Abebe Bikila was the first black African in history to win a gold medal at the Olympics. He was also the first athlete in history to win the Olympic marathon twice - doing so once in bare feet (Rome) and once in shoes (Tokyo). Today, many experts consider Bikila to be the greatest marathoner in history. The reason Abebe Bikila felt so lucky to be in Rome was A he had only just finished recovering from an injury. B he hadn't been training for very long. C he was there only because another athlete couldn't go. D he had never represented his country before. 2 The article states that Adidas A provided shoes to all the marathon runners. B didn't want to give Bikila a pair of shoes. C was unhappy that Bikila ran shoeless. D did not make very good running shoes in the 60s.
279
Przykładowy
Przykładowy
zestaw egzaminacyjny
zestaw egzaminacyjny
3 The reason Bikila ran barefoot in Rome was A he had trained for the marathon that way. B he didn't like running in shoes."
C he didn't want to run in badly-fitting shoes. D he wanted to shock the other runners.
4 Just before the Tokyo Olympics, Bikila
2 Peter can't
A suggests Bikila was lucky to win the Rome marathon. B states that Bikila was the greatest Olympian of all time. C implies Bikila ran better barefoot than in shoes. D makes it elear that he greatly admires Bikila.
Przeczytaj tekst. Z podanych odpowiedzi wybierz właściwą. tak aby otrzymać logiczny i gramatycznie poprawny tekst. Zakreśl literę A, B albo C. MAKING THE BLIND SEE AGAIN In exciting news for gene therapy, two men with progressive blindness have regained some sight after taking part in a medical trial. 1) ........ it is too early to say for certain, these results could open up a new area of medicine. The two men 2) „ ... „. a rare genetic condition called "choroideremia", which gradually destroys the eyesight. By fifty, most people who carry the faulty gene are · completely blind. The therapy introduces healtliy copies of the gene into the retina, the surface at the back of the eye where 3) .... „ .• are recorded. After getting the treatment, one of the men reported that he could see the numbers on his mobile phone for the first time in five years. The other saw stars in the night sky, after years of seeing 4) „ „ „ „ but blackness. The treatment takes under an hour to complete, and the technique could also be used for other genetic eye diseases. The next step is to carry out a new trial with a 5) „ „ „ „ larger gro up of patients.
280
„
„. „.
the death
„ .. „
„.
out maths problems without
using a calculator. This painting is considered to be the artist's finest A piece
B make
ZADANIE 11.
(0-10pkt)
Spędzasz wakacje w Wielkiej Brytanii i właśnie rozpocząłeś/rozpoczęłaś pracę na część etatu w charakterze sprzedawcy. Zredaguj wiadomość (80-130 słów) przeznaczoną do umieszczenia na blogu. w której: • opiszesz sklep. w którym pracujesz, • przedstawisz zalety ~wady Twojej pracy, • wyrazisz swoją opinię na te~at podejmowania przez nastolatków pracy podczas wakacji, • zaproponujesz swoim czytelnikom odwiedzenie sklepu. Rozwiń swoją wypowiedź w kożdym z czterech podpunktów, pamiętając, że jej długość powinna wynosić od 80 do 130 słów (nie licząc słów w zdaniach, które są podane). Oceniana jest umiejętność pełnego przekazania informacji (4 punkty), spójność i logika wypowiedzi (2 punkty). bogactwo językowe (2 punkty) oraz poprawność językowa (2 punkty).
C work
3 1'11 see you . „ „ „ „ . at the house after the concert. Peter wants to .......... out of the plan already. A return B drop C back
NEW ENTR.Y Tit le New summer job!
I
Entry:
ZADANIE 8. (0-5 pkt)
B Although B take B fi lms B anything B more
W zadaniach 1-3 wybierz wyraz, który poprawnie uzupełnia luki w obydwu zdaniach. Zakreśl literę A, B albo C.
of his pet parrot. lf you have any pizza left . „ „ „ „ „ l'd like a piece. A over B along C away
5 In the article, the author
Des pite have sou n ds nothing enough
(0-3 pkt)
lt took Frank a long time to get .
A had an operation. B decided to give up running. C had a dream he would win gold. D started training in shoes.
A 2 A 3 A 4 A 5 A
ZADANIE 9.
c c c c c
However hold images something much
ZADANI IE 10. (0-2 pkt)
Hi bloggers! I have fantastic news for you. I got a job in a shop in Britain! .........................................................................................................·......... .
W zadaniach 1-2 spośród podanych opcji (A-C) wybierz tę. która może najlepiej zastąpić zaznaczony fragment. Zakreśl literę A. B albo C. Henry advised his friend to stick to jogging every morning. A to start jogging B to stop jogging C to continue to jog 2 Make sure to hold on to your little sister's hand as A B C
you cross the road. let go of keep hold of stay close to
Take care! (
Post )
281
Przykładowy
Przykładowy
zestaw egzaminacyjny
zestaw egzaminacyjny
(
CZĘŚĆ USTNA )
ZADANIE 2.
3 Rozmowa wstępna
(ok. 2 minut)
Odpowiedz na pytania.
r----------------------------~ Przykładowe pytania: Praca How many people in your family work and what do they do? 2 Do you do any part-time jobs? Tell me about them.
I Would you like to? Why?Nl/hy not? 3 What job do you hope to do when you finish your studies? 4 Would you like to work abroad? Why?Nl/hy not? 5 What is your idea I job?
ZADANIE 1.
1 Do you like going shopping? Why?/ Why not?
Przebywasz na wymianie w szkole w Wielkiej Brytanii i poproszono Cię o zorganizowanie konkursu na najlepsze opowiadanie. Zastanawiasz się. co będzie lepszą nagrodą: odtwarzacz MP3 CZ'/ drukarka. W rozmowie na ten temat z kolegą/koleżanką z klasy uwzględnij następujące kwestie: powszechność
r----------------------------~ Egzaminujący
wygoda,
Is there any kind of shop you would like to see opening in your area?
5
Would you like to be a shop owner? Why?Nl/hy not?
Czas wolny Do you think you have enough free time? Why?Nl/hy not? 2
How much of your free time do you spend with other people? (Who do you spend it with?)
3 Do you prefer indoor or outdoor free time activities? 4 _Why is it important for you to have free time? 5 What's your favourite thing to do in your free time? Why?
~----------------------------·
zadaje zdającemu
poniższe
pytania:
1 Do you think the children are enjoying their
używania.
niezawodność/możliwe problemy,
game? Why?NVhy not?
cena.
2 Do you play any sports? Which ones? 3 Have you ever competed in a sports event?
Rozmowę
rozpoczyna egzaminujący.
Describe what happened.
·---------------------------r----------------------------~ Dodatkowe uwagi dla egzaminującego
3 Are you good at saving money? Why?Nl/hy not? 4
Opisz zdjęcie i odpowiedz na pytania.
(maks.4minuty)
Zakupy 2 What do you spend most of your money on?
(maks. 3 minuty)
Jest Pan/Pani rówieśnikiem zdającego. Zgłasza się do Pana/ Pani zdający. który chce wybrać nagrodę dla zwycięzcy konkursu literackiego. Proszę porozmawiać ze zdającym. Rozpoczyna Pan/Pani rozmowę.
ZADANIE 3. Przyjrzyj e e
się zdjęciom
(maks. 5 minut) 1. 2 i 3. Chcesz wybrać się ze znajomymi na wspólny posiłek z okazji Twoich urodzin.
Wybierz rodzaj posiłku. który według Ciebie byłby najbardziej odpowiedni, i uzasadnij swój wybór. Wyjaśnij. dlaczego odrzucasz pozostałe propozycje.
W zależności od tego, jak potoczy się rozmowa, proszę wlączyć do rozmowy wszystkie/wybrane punkty. • Proszę poprosić zdającego o dokładniejsze objaśnienie jakiejś kwestii. • Proszę grzecznie nie zgodzić się ze zdającym, tak aby musiał podać kolejne argumenty lub zaproponować inne rozwiązanie. • Wielu młodych ludzi posiada odtwarzacz MP3, natomiast posiadanie drukarki jest mniej powszechne. • Zepsutą drukarkę można naprawić, natomiast zepsuty odtwarzacz najczęściej trzeba wymienić. • Odtwarzacz MP3 jest atrakcyjniejszy dla młodzieży, ale drukarka bardziej ułatwia życie, zwlaszcza osobom, które dużo piszą. • Drukarka jest droższa, również w eksploatacji.
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282
: Egzaminujący zadaje zdającemu dwa z poniższych pytań:
:
I 1
1 Are there any special foods you eat in Poland at certain times of the year?
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2
Do you think it is important for a family to eat together at least once a day? Why?Nl/hy not?
I 1 :
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3
Do you believe that we are what we eat? Why?Nl/hy not?
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4 What's a traditional dish in your country? What goes into it?
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MODULE 1 Exercise 3 (p. 4) Policeman: Did you get a look at the burglar at all, Madam? Woman: Yes, I saw him through my living room window when he was
breaking in next door. Policeman: How old do you think he was? Woman: Somewhere between 20 and 30, I suppose. Policeman: So let's say in his mid-twenties. How tall was he, would you say? Woman: Not very tall. Of medium height, in fact, and rather skinny. Policeman: I see. Did you notice anything else about him? Woman: Weil, let me see ... I wasn't close enough to see the colour of
his eyes, but he had short straight hair. l'm pretty sure it was brown . Policeman: Would that be dark brown or light brown, Madam? Woman: Hmm ... , dark brown, I think - no, actually, come to think of it, it was more of a light brown. Policeman: Can you say if the man had any distinguishing features? You know ... a beard, a moustache, that sort of thing. Woman: Let's think „. I don't believe he had a moustache but I do seem to remember some sort of beard - a short one the same colour as his hair. Policeman: Thank you, Madam. You've been most help ful. Woman: My pleasure!
really connect with a person over the Internet, but l've had some very interesting conversations online. With my hectic schedule it suits me perfectly. Speaker 3: Think about some of the sitcoms on television today. More often than not the main characters are a group of friends in their 20s or 30s. These people rely on their friends for support and advice, and often have little contact with family members. The same is happening in real life. In recent years, friendship has come to mean much more than it used to. lndeed, for many people, their circle of friends is the most important social unit in their lives. Speaker 4: Now we've got a special competition to tell you about. This Friday, the premiere of the new comedy Bob and Rob will take place at the Odeon Cinema in London. And we've got two tickets to give away to a lucky listener! Since the film is about friendship, we want you to tell us about how you met your best friend. Send an email to us, and you and your best friend could be rubbing shoulders with the stars on Friday evening. We'll announce the winners at the end of the show, so get writing now! Exercise 5 (p. 10)
Exercise 1b (p. 10) Julia: Max! I haven't seen you for 15 years! lt's Julia! Max: Julia? I didn't recognise you! You've changed so much! You look great! Julia: Thanks. Sodo you. Those glasses really suit you. Max: You think so7 I don't wear them as a fashion statement. l'm blind as a bat these days without them! Julia: Weil, they look good. They're the right shape for your face. You know, I quite miss wearing glasses. Max: I remember your thick round glasses. We called you names because of them. I feel terrible about that now. Julia: Oh well, we were just kids then. (laughs) Max: So do you wear contact lenses now? Julia: That's right. I decided to change my image recently. Actually, it was because my husband left me. Max:. Oh, sorry to hear that. Julia: Don't be. lt's done me a lot of good. I feel like a new woman. Max: You look like one too, Julia! You're so much slimmer than I remember you. You weren't this glamorous at school. Julia: No, I certainly wasn't! I always felt so plain. I was fat so I wore baggy clothes all the time. I had spots. I had terrible hair. In short, I was ugly! Max: Don't say that! Anyway, it's good to see you looking so well, Julia. lt seems you've got younger and l've got a lot older! I have a feeling you don't have children. Julia: No, just nieces and nephews. Max: I knew it. My wife and I have four young kids. Being a parent affects your appearance, l'm afraid! I work long hours and rarely have time to go to the gym and work out. I used to manage it three times a week, believe it or not. I really do need to lose some weight. Julia: Nonsense, Max! I think you look great! And you're stili as charming as ever.f Max: Tliank you for saying so, Julia. Hey, I have an idea! Why don't you come round to lunch on Sunday? l'm sure my wife would love to meet you and she cooks a great Sunday roast! Julia: l'd love to but it's my nephew's birthday this Sunday. Can we make it the Sunday after next? Max: Sure, nci problem. We'll expect you then. Exercise 2 (p. 1O) Speaker 1: Wouldn't it be interesting to find out what your old highschool friends are doing now? We've all left school intending to keep in touch with our friends, but in the end, not many of us do. Weil, now you can at schoolfriendsconnect. All you need to do is type in the name of your old school. Then, you can look through our database of members for the names of your old schoolmates. So, sign up today and get back in touch with your playground pals. Who knows; maybe you'll become friends all over again ! Speaker 2: I work as a DJ in a radio station and while l'm only on air for three hours a day, I always have a huge amount of preparation work to do. That means I rarely have the time or the energy to go out and meet people. So, instead, I socialise online. Some might say that you can't
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Peter: l'm a very punctual person, and l'm very tidy. But I get too annoyPd
and impatient with people who are late or untidy! I don't always stay calm. Stella: Believe me, I very caring about my family. Always I help to look after my little brothers and sisters. People think I too quiet. I say too little words. Exercise 1c (p. 12) Recording 2 Good evening, ladies and gentlemen, and welcome to Spanish for Beginners. Before we start our first lesson, l'm going to pass around a form that l'd like you to fili out with your personal details. This form will allow us to make student cards so that you can gain access to the school library. These should be ready in a fortnight. I can guarantee that these forms will be treated with the utmost confidentiality and won't be used for any other purpose. Recording 3 This is a missing person's announcement from Foxford Police Station. Mr Jack Cunningham has been missing from his home in Foxford town centre for the last two days. According to a neighbour, he left his house in Kent Street on Tuesday afternoon at around 4 pm. He was on his way to the post office, but is not thought to have arrived there. Mr Cunningham is in bis late 70s and was wearing grey trousers, a brown jumper and a long black overcoat. Please contact Foxford Police Station if you have any information about his whereabouts. Exercise 3 (p. 12) The photograph shows two students outside a college. lt's a sunny spring day. I think they are reading a text message or looking at a photograph on one girl's mobile phone. The teenager on the left has got shoulder-length dark curly hair. She's wearing a long-sleeved striped shirt and she's holding some books. The other girl has got long straight fair hair. She's wearing a white top and a pair of white trousers. She's holding her phone and a book. There's a black bag on her shoulder. They both look very happy. Exercise 2 (p. 15) Speaker 1: I wouldn't consider myself a va in person; I don't buy expensive clothes or spend hours applying make-up each morning. But I do care about my physical appearance. For instance, one thing I always do is brush my teeth. And not just once or twice a day; I brush them after each meal. lt may sound like a lot, but I believe there's nothing more important than a nice white smile. A friendly smile attracts otlier people and makes them feel relaxed and comfortable. Speaker 2: Do you want a new look for the summer? Feel like your wardrobe no longer reflects who you are? Then check out the new range of men's and women's clothing from Kendra Fashions. This season is all about colour and Kendra Fashions' summer catalogue doesn't disappoint. From suits and evening dresses to beach shorts and swimwear, you'll be dazzled by our colourful creations. So, get in the mood for some summer fun and visit one of our retail outlets today!
Speaker 3: Some people wear clothes to be in fashion, but l've never been one to read fashion magazines and keep up with the latest trends. lnstead, I choose the clothes I wear according to the mood l'm in that day. lf it's a Saturday morning and l'm going out to meet friends, 1'11 choose something fun and colourful because l'm feeling cheerful. But when l'm just doing a boring everyday chore like going to the supermarket, l'm more likely to wear something duli and conservative. lt all depends, really. Speaker 4: I can't understand why tattoos are so popular. Some of my friends have them and they tried to convince me to have one, too. Maybe roses and butterflies tattooed on your arms and legs make you look trendy at 20, but what about when you've got grandchildren? lt's something that you might regret every time you look in the mirror for the rest of your life. Call me old-fashioned but tattoos are definitely not for me.
Module 2 Exercise 1 (p, 22) Speaker 1: I wouldn't dream of moving back - not even if I found a cheap property in a good location. l'm much better off in my cottage here in the countryside. I remember always feeling trapped in the city centre - even when 1looked out the kitchen window of my fiat all I could see was another block of flats across the road. I felt I really needed to escape. Here, I have space to breathe - I wouldn't give that up for anything. Speaker 2: Personally, I feel that this fiat is the best value for money of all the ones l've shown you today. Since your main complaint with the other properties was a lack of space, I think this fiat could be a dream home for you and your family. lt has three bedrooms, each en suite, as well as a kitchen, bathroom and a huge living room. And if that wasn't enough, the front balcony overlooks a park. let's go inside and take a closer look. Speaker 3: To be honest, l'm not very happy living in the suburbs. I have no problem living with my parents, at least for now, but I really hate being so far away from the city centre. Usually, it takes me around an hour on the bus to get to the centre. Sometimes, when my friends invite me out, I just don't have the energy for sucha long trip. So, my plan after college is to rent a penthouse fiat in the centre. l'd have a great view and it would be within walking distance of all the city's cultural attractions. l've already started saving money for the rent! Speaker 4: My house isn't very big - especially considering the fact that I have four young children as well as a husband who always seems to have a DIY project taking up an entire room. But what l've learned over the years is how to make use of height. What do I mean by that? Weil, for instance, my kids sleep in bunk beds and that really creates space in their bedrooms. And in the living room all our drawers and bookshelves are above head height. Sometimes, you need to stretch to reach things, but it's well worth it.
A:
B:
commute. When can I see it? Let's meet here at the office tomorrow at 3 o'clock and 1'11 drive you there. OK, that's great. Thank you.
Exercise 1a (p. 24) Recording 1 A: You've got a really beautiful home, Tom. Do you own it or do you pay rent? B: I pay rent, but thankfully it's not very high and l've never had any problems with my landlord. A: Have you ever thought about buying a place, though? B: Weil, my job requires me to change locations every coup le of years, so it just wouldn't make sense. I earn enough money to take out a mortgage, of course, but it's not possible for the time being. Recording 2 Now, Mr and Mrs Enright, please follow me into the living room. I th1nk you'll be very pleased with the work we've done here. We installed the sink by the window and we made sure to include lots of cabinet space on all three walls. In the end, we decided to paint the walls orange. We tried to contact you about this, but we couldn't reach you. So, if you have any problem with the colour, it would be easy for me to paint over it. Recording 3 A burglary took place in a bungalow in Kent Road yesterday afternoon. The burglar is believed to have gained access to the house at around 2 pm while its occupants were at work. According to eye-witness reports the burglar drove a white van and dressed in overalls, fooling neighbours into thinking he was a builder. He entered the house by breaking the glass of the back door and is believed to have taken over f 1,000 worth of jewellery.
Exercise 3 (p. 24) Examiner: Your English-speaking friend's grandparents are retiring and want
to buy a new home. They both love gardening. Your friend shows you these three homes. look at pictures 1, 2 and 3. Choose the home which, in your opinion, is the most suitable for them and explain your decision. Then, explain why you wouldn't choose the other two homes. Stewart: In my opinion, the best house for them would be the detached house in the suburbs. An obvious advantage is that it's in a quiet location suitable for retirement. What's more, the air is less polluted than in the city centre, so it's better for their health. On the other hand, it may be more expensive to maintain than a city fiat and it isn't very close to facilities. However, the grandparents are probably willing to pay a bit extra for a comfortable home; and the suburbs are usually served by public transport to get to the town centre. The main point is that they will have a nice garden to enjoy. A drawback to the cottage in the countryside would be that it's isolated. lt would be more difficult to stay in touch with friends and family. And it seems to me the home in the city centre would be far too noisy and polluted - just the things you want to get away from when you retire! Examiner: Thank you.
Exercise 5 (p. 22) Good morning. How can I help you? Hello. l'm a student and l'm fiat-hunting at the moment. l've seen three studio flats so far. but they were all too small. A: OK. l'm sure we can help. Exactly what sort of accommodation are you looking for? 8: l'm interested in a one-bedroom fiat and l'd like it to have a study, if possible. A: Do you prefer any particular area? 8: Weil, yes. Is there anything available near the university? I can afford up to f300 per month. A: Let's see .„ there's a very attractive fully furnished one-bedroom fiat in Haddon Road, just 1O minutes walk from the campus. lt's in a modern complex with lots of facilities. The rent is f350 a month but it's well worth it. 8: Sorry, but I can't afford something that expensive. What else have you got? A: We do have a one-bedroom fiat with a small study room in the suburbs. lt's about five miles from the university, but there's a good bus service. lt's only f250 a month. B: That sounds very reasonable. lt means I can afford the bus to
A:
B:
Module 3 Exercise 1 (p. 34) Host: Welcome back to our series Educational Systems Around the World. Today, we have Monica Samuels il'l'the studio. Monica is here to tell us about the English school system. Welcome, Monica. Monica: Hello, everyone. Host: Monica, when do English children start going to school? Monica: lt's the law in England that all children must start school when they turn five years old. But some children start attending schools called nursery schools at the age of three. However, attending nursery school isn't compulsory. lt's up to parents to decide whether or not they want their children to go. Host: How many years do children have to go to school for? Monica: Full-time education is compulsory in England until the age of 16. Host:What different types of schools are there in England? Monica: There are two main types of schools - independent schools and state schools. Independent schools charge students fees to attend. The fees are usually very expensive - as much as f30,000 a year. Only about 7% of children in England go to independent schools. State schools are funded by public taxes so they are completely free to attend. The majority of students in England - over 90% - go to state schools.
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Host: How long does the English school year last? Monica: Schools are open for 39 weeks a year. The school year is div1ded
into six terms and students get a one or two-week break in the middle of each term. Host: Are children free to wear what they want at school? Monico: No, most schools in England require students to wear a school uniform. This is because schools believe uniforms make children feel equal and they stop them worrying about what to wear every day. Most English children are happy to wear uniforms. Host: Do many children in England choose to continue their education and go on to univers1ty? Monica: About 33% of young people decide to go on to higher education when they finish school. Host:Thank you for comin.g in to talk to us today, Monica. Monica: My pleasure.
Exercise 2 (p. 34) Speaker 1: I know science is important, but I think once you know the basics, it's a waste of time learning the complicated stuff. I mean, how will knowing how to do a complicated scientific experiment help me in my future everyday life? The answer is; it won't! That's why I dropped science the first chance I got. Thank goodness it's an optional subject in my school after you've finished 3rd class. Now, l'm studying far mare useful subjects like languages and literature - subjects I plan on using in my future career. Speaker 2: In my early years as a science teacher, I constantly had to deal with daydreaming students in my classes. Partly it was my fault, but mare often than not it was due to the duli unimaginative textbooks we used in class. So, little by little, I became less reliant on them, instead using my own ideas and my whiteboard to explain the ideas to my students. lt's something that I encourage everyone in my profession to do, at least until there are better books on the market.
Exercise 1 (p. 36) Recording 1 A: Can you help me, please? l'm a new student in the school and 1 can 't find my next class. 8: Which classroom are you looking for? A: lt's not written on the timetable I was given this morning. lt says 1 have English at two o'clock in room 3C, but it doesn't say where my science class is. 8: Weil. there are only two science labs in the school. They are 2A and 2B. They're across from each other at the end of this corridor. A: Thanks a lot for your help Recording 2 Good morning students. This is your headmaster, Mr Compton. All students who are going on the excursion to the National History Museum next week are reminded to hand in permission slips s1gned by a parent or guardian. Please give these to Ms Stevens in room 3C by lunchtime tomorrow. Even though the trip is some days away, Ms Stevens will not allow any student to go on the trip without first having presented this slip. Recording 3 Leachwood Department Store has everything you need to get reaoy for the school year ahead. We've got a huge selection of schoolbags, stationary and sports equipment as well as the school uniforms of every school in the city. This year, we're also running a 'Computers for Schools' campaign. Customers will receive a 5tamp for every ten pounds they spend. Collect 1,000 of these stamps and we'll give your local school a state-of-the-art computer! For more information, visit our website or ask in stare.
Exercise 4b (p. 36) A: The picture was taken outdoors, maybe in the grounds of a school
Speaker 3: As you· may have read in your guidebooks, there are over 200 interactive exhibits to discover here, all teaching you about different scientists and scientific theories. Mainly, what we try to do here is bring science out of the classrooms and show you the role that science plays in every aspect of our daily lives. Even if you don't enjoy science in school, l'm sure you'll have a wonderful time here. Now, your teacher has asked me to bring you to the Physics Exhibition first, so that I can show you some simple experiments. Everyone, follow me. Speaker 4: For anyone interested in science, from college professors to secondary school teachers and even students, this publication is a mustl lt doesn't just explain the theories of Einstein, but also looks very closely at Einstein the man, and specifically how his life affected his approach to science. From his early life to his final years, every aspect of the man's life is studied in detail. You won't be able to put it down!
Exercise 4b (p. 34) Examiner: So which of the two trips do you think it is best for the class
8:
or college. Four students, two boys and two girls, are sitting on the grass doing schoolwork. They are aged about 13 or 14 so they are probably at secondary school. lt's a sunny day and they're wearing summer clothes. The boy with the dark hair is wearing short blue baggy jeans, a purple shirt, white socks and trainers. The fair-haired boy is wearing a dark blue top and the girl on the left of the picture is wearing a sleeveless light blue top. lt's difficult to see what the other girl is wearing. lt's a dark top of some kind. They are all reading books or notes and they seem very happy and relaxed. I wonder 1f they are getting much work dane! The picture took· outdoors. I think it's a school. I can see four people. They reading. They are aged about 13 or 14 so maybe they go primary school. The weather are very good. I think it's a summer day. The clothes are short blue jeans, blue tops and a pair of trainers. The boy he wear a purple shirt. I not see what girl at back is wear. They all hold one book. They all smile.
Exercise 2 (p. 39)
to go on? A trip to the Museum of the History of Science or a nature Speaker 1: l'd consider myself a dedicated person, so it certainly wasn't easy for me to drop out of the school hockey team halfway through trip to the countryside? the season. I really felt like I was letting my coach and more importantly Student: I think we should go on the nature trip to the countryside. my teammates down, but there was nothing I could do. Schoolwork Examiner: Why have you chosen that one? Student: Weil, mainly because we'll be outdoors, close to nature. has always been a priority for me and with my final exams coming up I can't afford to waste time playing sports. I just hope I don't regret my Hopefully, we'll get the chance to see same birds and wild animals. decision in the future. Examiner: Are there any other reasons for your choice? Student: Yes, I think it would be really help ful for our school work. l'd Speaker 2: Most evenings, I find that I have plenty of free time on my like to take my camera and get some interesting photos for a project hands after I finish my homework. But I have no interest in filling that l'm doing on the local environment here. time doing extracurricular activities. Don't get me wrong; l'm quite a Examiner: I see. Why wouldn't you choose the trip to the museum? social person and I love sports; it's just that the extracurricular activities They've got same great hands-on exhibits; you can see yourself on a in my school. are so badly run. One of my classmates who plays football heat camera, for example. for the school team says that the coach often arrives half an hour late. Student: Weil, for one thing, I know the admission price is quite high. I ad mit That's just unacceptable! the nature trip doesn't come free; we'd stili have to pay towards the cost of Speaker 3: When I was at school, I took part in a huge variety of hiring a bus. But I believe the museum charges a 15-euro entrance fee. Examiner: Yes, but there would be a 10% reduction for students in a group. extracurricular activities, from sports like volleyball and hockey to Student:That's stili a lot of money! l'm sure the bus wouldn't work out activit.1es like drama and even stamp collecting! And they never had a that expensive. Another point is that not all students are terribly negat1ve 1mpact on my schoolwork. Actually, if anything, they helped interested in science - me included! lt could tum out to be quite a me get better marks. Playing sports or doing activities is a great way to relieve stress, making it easier to concentrate on schoolwork when you boring experience for some. The nature trip is a much better idea. need to. That's my opinion anyway. ·
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Speaker 4: Now, students, l've been asked by your headmaster, Mr Smith, to remind you to sign up for any extracurricular activities you want to get involved in this year. Please sign your name clearly on the sheets of paper pinned to the noticeboard outside Mr Smith's office. Mr Smith encourages everyone to do at least one extracurricular activity and reminds you that there is a much wider range of activities than last year. Now, let's open our books and get down to same work.
applications from candidates who have worked in other retail areas, such as supermarkets and clothes shops. Candidates need to be 18 years and over. Call 01-232151 or email Justin Richards at [email protected]. The closing date for applications is 23rd June.
Exercise 4b (p. 46) A: Are you thinking of gett111g a job in the summer, Brad?
Yes, l'm looking for one at the moment, in fact. Sooner you than me. Holidays are for enjoying time with your family and friends. Why on earth do you want to work in the Exercise 1 (p. 46) summer? Host: Welcome back to our series Popular Careers. With me today is pastry chef James Miller. James, you make pastries and desserts in one 8: Weil, I think it's important, both to get some cash and to gain same kind of work experience. In any case, it's only part-time. of London's famous five-star restaurants. That sounds like a fantastic A: Hmm . . . that's true, I suppose. What job are you thinking of job. Is it? doing? James: Yes, indeed! There's nothing else I would rather do! But it's very tough. Only people who are very dedicated and determined can make 8: Weil, I liked the idea of working in that new Mexican restaurant in town, but they didn't take me as I didn't have any previous a career as a pastry chef. experience. l'm going to try the amusement park tomorrow. They Host: How hard is it to make cakes and pastries? I suppose you have to need someone to supervise the rides and the ad says no experience is be very creative. necessary. James: In fact, preparing pastries and desserts is as much of a science as it is an art! lt requires more precision and technical skill than any other A: You could try the pizza restaurant in Green Street. They always want people, even if it's only for handing out flyers. type of cooking. 8: Thanks, Tony. I thought of that but the pay is awful and I don't Host:What do most people not know about your job? think it would be worth it. James: That it's very common for pastry chefs to work for B or 1O hours without a break. People can't believe it when I tell them this. They have A: Why? How much are you hoping to earn? 8: l've heard they pay ES an hour at the amusement park. That's not no concept of jobs without breaks! bad if I work two full days at the weekends. Host: The long hours must put off a lot of would-be chefs. A: And what will you do with the money? James: Yes. In many restaurants pastry chefs work demanding 12-hour 8: I think 1'11 save it up for a short holiday with my friends at the end shifts that can stretch late into the night. A lot of my friends dropped of the summer before we go back to school ! out of catering college for that reason. 8:
Module 4
Host:What do you like most about your job? James: Coming up with ideas for new creations. Have you heard of the
pastry chef Roland Mesnier? He was the pastry chef at the White House for 25 years. In all that time, he never served the same dessert for dinner twice. Now, that's creativity! Host: Do you have any advice for listeners who are interested in becoming pastry chefs? James: Yes. Before you decide to enrol in a long expensive training course, make sure you do a year's apprenticeship with a local baker or restaurant. That way you see if you can stand the pace! Host: James Miller, thank you.
Exercise 2 (p. 46) Speaker 1: Hello everyone and welcome to the team. My name's Keith Rogers and 1'11 be giving you some basie training today. First, 1'11 talk to you a little about the company's dress code and then we'll learn about the proper way to interact with customers. Later on, we'll split into groups depending on what department you'll be working in. The cashiers will learn how to operate the tills, while the rest of you will learn how to stack shelves; a job that's not as simple as many of you might think. Speaker 2: When I applied to be a postman two years ago, I had no idea how beneficial it would be for my health. I tend to eat quite unhealthily - my supermarket trolley is always full of frozen pizzas and soft drinks - but at least my job helps me to bum off lots of calories. On an average day, I walk around five miles. I do two rounds a day starting at six thirty in the morning. After finishing the first delivery, I go back and do my second route at around 11 :30. l'm always worn out by the end of the day!
A:
Exercise 1b (p. 48) Recording 1
A: Hi Bill. You're very formally dressed today. Have you found a new job?
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Hi Sarah. No, not yet, but l've just been to an interview for a job as a tour guide in the modern art gallery. I doubt 1'11 get the job, though. Don't say that, Bill. I think you have a great chance. You have a Masters Degree in Art History, so l'm sure you're more qualified than most applicants. Maybe, but I can't speak any foreign languages. They're supposed to contact me tomorrow morning.
Recording 2 Hello everyone. l'm Tracy Baker and 1'11 be taking over as manager while Ann is on maternity leave. As many of you know, I worked as assistant manager in our Easting branch before coming here, so I hope to be able to fit in comfortably. l'm really excited to start working with you all, and my office will always be open if you have any questions or concerns. Recording 3 First, l'd like to thank Ms Evans for inviting me here today. She told me that many of you are in the process of applying for third-level education. I know it's not easy. When I was in my final year of secondary school, I had no idea what I wanted to become. So, instead, I took a year out and did volunteer work for a local homeless charity. lt's something that I advise you all to do unless you are 100% certain of what you want to study. lt's important to give yourself time to think and make the best decision for your future.
Speaker 3: When I left secondary school, there wasn't much doubt in Module 5 my mind about what I wanted to choose as a career. Ever since I was a Exercise 1 (p. 56) child, I basically lived in the workshop where my father and my Host: Joanna, what made you decide to become a photographer? grandfather worked. I learned the basics from them and then took Joanna:Ever since I was a child, l've adored photographing people! My courses in woodwork from a local college. l've been a carpenter for five love of photography carne from my mother. My mother was a doctor years now and l've never regretted the decision. lt's a job in which but her favourite hobby was photography. She was always taking there is always work available - and that's important these days. pictures in her spare time. Actually, a lot of my secondary school friends who went to university Host:What kind of photographs do you take? Joanna:. I usually ~ake photographs of young children. The majority of are now unemployed. my business cons1sts of photographing children under the age of 1O. Speaker 4: Fleetwood Superstore, a large department store in Norwich But about 20% of my time is spent photographing families. I like taking city centre, is currently accepting applications for its newly-built fam1ly photos the best. My favourite situation is when I am electronics department. The company is especially looking for people photographing grandparents with their grandchildren. with experience in this specific retail area - but will also accept
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Host: Is it easy photographing very young children? Joanna: No, it's extremely difficult! You have to make sure they are happy and not bored so they will smile in the photographs. Luckily, my nephew and his girlfriend help me out in the studio after school. They're both very good with children. Host: Do you work long hours? Joanna: Yes, I do. And I always have to work weekends because that's when most parents have time to bring their children into the studio. But l'm not complaining. I love my job! My flance doesn't like my long hours though. He says that when we are married, I will have to stop working at weekends! Host: Joanna, how can listeners contact you if they want their family portrait taken 7 Do you have a website? Joanna: Not at the moment, no. But I will do soon. My stepbrother is helping me create a webpage. lf people want to contact me, they can find my number in the phone book. Host:Thank you Joanna. lt was a pleasure talking to you. Joanna:Thank you.
Exercise 3 (p. 56) Speaker A: lt's norma! for teens to complain about their parents, and most of the time. they're wrong. I do feel, though, that my mum could be a bit more patient with me, especially when it comes to schoolwork. Sometimes, I need a break from studying, but she never understands that. lt's really frustrating ! Speaker B: l'm an only child, so when I was growing up, I really wanted someone to play with at home. Now, though, l'd prefer if my parents didn't have any more kids. I would be much older than them at this stage, so we wouldn't have much in common. Speaker C: What I really appreciate are the simple things. For instance, I really like being at home with my mum, dad and brother sitting next to the fire on a cold winter night. You feel so relaxed being with the people you love in the comfort of your own home. Mum always makes some tasty snacks and we catch up on each other's news. lt's really great. Speaker D: I hang out with my sister Brenda most. She's only one year younger than me and we have quite a lot in common. We enjoy listening to the same kind of music and watching the same kind of TV programmes. Also, we often swap clothes with each other as we wear the same size. Speaker E: My father's parents as well as my mum's father died before I was born, so that means l've only ever known my mum's mother. She's always been so kind to me. I visit her most weekends and every time she cooks me delicious meals. Also, she always tells me interesting stories from her youth.
Exercise 1 (p. 58) Recording 1 A: Would you like to go to the cinema on Saturday, Ted? B: I can't. l'm going to London with my parents for the weekend. A: Are· you going there on a city break? B: No, my aunt's getting married. l'm not really looking forward to it. I hardly know any of my distant relatives. A: Why is that? B: My mum is half French so most of her side of the family live there. A: Weil, at least you'll get a chance to practise your French!
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Recording 2 Do you have something to celebrate? Fleetwood Hotel is the perfect place to hold your next family celebration. Our huge banquet hall can hold up to 500 people and is ideal for weddings or 21 st-birthday parties. For smaller events involving 20-30 people, our dining hall is the perfect place to celebrate with close family and friends. Please allow no less than two weeks to book an event. A small deposit will be required for use of our banquet hall. For more details, visit www.fleetwoodhotel.com. Recording 3 Hello everyone. I hope you all enjoyed your meal. Weil, as many of you probably know, l'm the best man, Gareth. l'm not very good at public speaking, so 1'11 keep this short. l'd just like to say a few words about the lovely couple. They.are both great friend's of mine and it was a joy for me to see them share their vows this afternoon. This will always be a special day for them - and l'm already looking forward to attending
their anniversary parties in the future I
Exercise 3 (p. 58) A: Sir! Please! I need your help. l've lost my brother. I can't find him B: A:
B: A:
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anywhere. OK, young man. Try to stay calm. Where did you last see him? We went to the toilets together. When I carne out to wash my hands, he was gone. And how long ago was that? About 15 minutes ago. How old is your brother? He's five years old. Does he know not to go off with strangers? Yes, we've told him not to talk to strangers and never ever to go anywhere with them. Good. Now, what's his name and what was he wearing? His name is Alexander Jones and he's wearing a green pullover, Jeans and a brown baseball cap. Right. 1'11 ale1t the airport security staff right away and we'll page him over the intercom. OK. Now what do we do? Weil, you should certainly stay in the airport - preferably in a place where your brother can easily spot you. Apart from that, just try to remain calm. OK, and let me give you my mobile number so you can contact me if you have any news. lt's 7778241681. Here's a card with my number on it. OK, 1'11 call you as soon as I hear anything. Try not to worry; I bet we'll probably just find him happily looking around a shop.
Exercise 2 (p. 61) Speaker 1: On this joyous occasion, l'd just like to say what a pleasure it's been working with Mike for the last 30 years. Mike and I have worked together since the beginning and have shared a lot of happy times. You should be proud of what you achieved here and should certainly have no regrets. And don't be afraid of retirement, Mike - l'm sure your wife, Helen, will find plenty of housework to keep you busy with! Speaker 2: I think your teen years are the best years of your life. I say that even though I didn't really make the most of my years as a teenager. Partly it's the fault of my parents. They would always make me feel guilty about going out with my friends instead of staying in and studying. But J also have myself to blame. I could have ignored them now and then - after all, that's what teenagers are supposed to do! Now that l've grown up and. have less free time and far more responsibilities, I really miss all that freedom. Speaker 3: Before I retired, I was really scared that I would find it hard to occupy my time. I was a bit of a workaholic and was unsure how I would respond to having so much free time. Then I discovered the joy of evening classes. I took up painting, keep-fit classes and even a class in IT! Having basically had no hobbies for the 40 years I was working, I was suddenly discovering all these enjoyable activities. l've also met some wonderful people with similar interests and we often invite each other round for meals. Speaker 4: When you leave college and start your first job, it can be a rather shocking experience. Whereas once being 'independent' meant having the freedom to stay out late or having your own bedroom, when you leave college the word takes on a whole new meaning. For the first time in my life I had to rely on my own income to pay rent and buy groceries and there were times when I really struggled. Now, I have a well-paid job, but I look back on those years as some of the most difficult in my life.
Module 6 Exercise 1b (p. 70) lnterviewer: Danny, you're a university student. What do you do about feeding yourself? Do you cook or do you usually grab a takeaway? Danny:Well, I think l'm quite unusual for a male student because I love cooking! Every Saturday morning, you can find me at my !ocal supermarket, stocking up on food for the week. lnterviewer:What's normally on your shopping list?
Danny: Lots of fruit and vegetables ... brown bread ... cheese, pasta, fish ... things like that. I try to buy healthy food, although of course not always! There are always a few bags of crisps, some chocolate biscuits and cans of cola in my shopping basket. lnterviewer: Do you eat break fast? Or are you one of these people who start the day on a cup of coffee? Danny: I always eat in the morning - usually some toast with scrambled eggs and tomatoes. Oh yes! ... and a glass of freshly-squeezed orange juice. My mother always told me that if I drink fresh juice, I won't ever need to take any vitamin pills. lnterviewer:Well, that is a good start to the day! (laughs). What about lunch? Danny: lt depends. lf ł'm at university, 1'11 grab a sandwich from the student canteen. lf ł'm at home, 1'11 make myself baked beans on toast ... something like that. lnterviewer: I see. What do you do about dinner? Danny:Well, I only like to eat rr.eat once a week, so I usuałly make mysełf a vegetable-based dish for dinner - my favourite is cauliflower cheese. lnterviewer: Do you ever cook for your friends? Danny:Oh, all the time! Most of my friends either can't cook or won't cook, so they are always inviting themselves round to my house for dinner. I don't mind though, because cooking for one person is boring. lt's much more fun cooking for a crowd. lnterviewer:Well, thank you for coming in to chat to us today, Danny. Danny:You're welcome.
Exercise 2b (p. 70) I only eat out on special occasions - birthdays and other celebrations. prefer to eat at home because I think restaurant food is unhealthy. There's far too much salt and fat it in it. At home I can follow a healthy diet and make sure I eat lots of fruit and vegetables. Also, no restaurant serves anything as tasty as my own chicken soup, in my experience!
Exercise 3 (p. 70) There's a woman cooking in a kitchen. I think she's at work at a restaurant or a hotel because her clothes look like a chef's uniform. Everything she's wearing is white. Also, it's a big kitchen and it doesn't look like a home kitchen - the surfaces are steel. The woman is using a utensil on something in a large round saucepan. I can't see what's in the saucepan, but there are some red peppers grilling over the fire beside it. Some of them are burnt. In the background there's a very large pan and there are lots of cooking utensils hanging over the cooker. There's a big window at the end of the room and I think I can see some kind of shop opposite the kitchen.
Exercise 3 (p. 71) Student A: First of all, we need to sympathise with our pen-friend. What could we say? Student B: We could say something like ''l'm sorry to hear that you don't like the lunches at your new school". Student A: That sounds perfect. Next we need to describe our own school lunches. What could we write there? Student B: We could say what kinds of choices we get, how tasty the food is and maybe how healthy it is. Student A: Yes, so·we could write something like: "lt was interesting to hear about your school lunches. Our school serves soup and a hot main course - usually a meat dish - every day." Student B: OK. For the next part of the task we have to give the pros and cons of lunches at our school. I know one con, anyway; there's often no meal for vegetarians. That's why I go home for lunch every day. Student A: I see. And for a pro we could mention that our school lunches are cheap, and sometimes they are even free. Student B: The rest of the rubric is about giving advice. How could we write this? Student A: We could simply write "The advice I would give you would be to bring in your own lunch". Student B: OK, sounds good. And we should probably add an expected result for our piece of advice. Student A: You're right. How about the fact that you can choose what to eat each day? Student 8: Greatl And how would you finish the letter? Student A: Weil, we could say: "I hope my advice helps" to be as friendly as possible.
Exercise 1 (p. 72) Recording 1 A: Hi Greg. Did you have a nice weekend? 8: Hi Lisa. Yes, I went to that new Chinese restaurant in Lincoln Street on Saturday. A: Did you like it there? B: Weil, the food was very tasty, but it took ages for our order to come to our table. And our waiter wasn't very apologetic about it at all. A: Weil, sometimes that's a good sign. lt shows that your food is being prepared fresh. At least they didn't just heat up food that had been sitting in the kitchen for hours. Recording 2 The main tip I would give listeners when they go shopping in food markets is to always have a good look around. Unlike in supermarkets, food markets offer a variety of the same product, so go to a number of different stalls and compare the colour and feel of the vegetables or fruits you want to buy. Usually the price won't change drastically, but the quality often does. Recording 3 Good evening passengers. We will shortly be handing out our evening meal. This will consist of a fillet of chicken with a cream sauce and vegetables. lf any passengers are vegetarian or have other meal requirements please make yourself known to a flight attendant. Also, unless you need to use the toilet, please sit in your seats while the food trolley is going down the aisle.
Exercise 4 (p. 72) Student A: Let's discuss the farewell party. First of all, I think we should decide how to serve the food. Student B: Yes. There'll be quite a lot of guests to feed - 1O. lt might be difficult to find a table that seats 10 people! StudentA:That's true. Shall we lay on a buffet? StudentB:That's a good idea. lf everyone helps themselves to the food, it will be more of a social occasion. Everyone will be able to speak to everyone. Student A: OK, a bu ffet it is, then. lt's easy to make sandwiches for lots of people. Student B: Yes, but I think we should put on some hot food, too. How about a big pan of soup? Student A: Hot food is a good idea but I think we should serve a more substantial meal than soup. l'm a whiz at chilli con carne. I can easily cook enough for 1O. How about that? Student B: Sounds good. But what about the vegetarians? I could give you a hand and do a meat-free version with veggie mince. Student A: Great. Shall we make a dessert too? We could bake a cake. Student 8: That's time-consuming. Why don't we just buy a big tub of ice cream? We could serve it with exotic fruit - pineapple or mango, maybe. Student A: Good idea. Then there's just drinks to consider. Shall we buy bottles of various soft drinks? Student B: We could ask everyone to bring their own as their contribution to the party. Student A: Yes, let's do that. We'll just buy a few bottles of sparkling minera! water.
Module 7 Exercise 1 (p. 80) Host: Helen, you've just opened up a fruit and vegetable shop in Primrose Street, haven't you? Helen: Yes, I have. And to celebrate the opening, all this week, I will be giving away a free punnet of organie strawberries to every customer who spends over f10 in my shop. Host: Weil, our listeners will like that! You'd better tell us exactly where your shop is located. Helen: lt's at number 15, Primrose Street - right next to the post office and opposite Sam's Bookshop. You can't miss it. The shop front is painted bright yellow and the sign above the door says Planet Fresh. Host: Am I right in thinking that your shop sells organie fruit and vegetables only?
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Helen: Actually, no. That's incorrect. I sell non-organie produce, too. I Speaker 4: For years, I avoided online grocery shopping mainly want to give customers a chcice because organie produce is a lot more because, as far as I was aware, many of the discounts and special offers expensive than non-organie, and many people don't want to pay for it. available in stare were not available online. Then, I discovered Host: Oh. I thought most people prefer to buy organie produce nowadays. Bloomfield Stores, the fastest growing supermarket chain in the Helen: No, not at all. The thing that most concerns people is the price of country. Unlike most other supermarkets, Bloomfield Stores ensures their apples and potatoes, not whether they have been grown organically. that everything in store has the exact same price as online - including Host: Is there anything that makes Planet Fresh different to other discounted products and special 2-for-1 offers. As far as I know, it's the greengrocers in the area? only online grocery service that does that and the only one I would Helen: Yes. l'm the only greengrocer who sells locally grown produce advise to others. only. Absolutely everything on my shelves has come from a local farm. All other stores sell a mixture of locally-grown and imported produce. Host: Weil, Helen, good luck with your new business. I hope many of Module 8 our listeners will start shopping with you. Exercise 1 (p. 92) Helen:Thank you. Host: Hello listeners. Today, we're going to speak to 19-year-old Alex Portman. Alex is in the middle of a year-long backpacking trip around Exercise 1 (p. 82) Asia. He's currently in China and we've got him on the phone at his Recording 1 hostel. Hello Alex. Alex: Hello. A: Is there anything I can help you with? 8: Yes, l'd like a refund for this portable radio. I bought it last week Host: Alex, you've been travelling for several months now. How's your but it's stopped working. I can't see the salesman who sold it to trip going? me, though. He's a tall man with glasses. Alex: lt's going incredibly well. Every day is a new adventure. Travelling A: That sounds ·like Alan. lt's his day off today. But let me see the around Asia 1s definitely more amazing than I ever imagined it would be! receipt and 1'11 try to help you. Host: You're travelling alone. Have you ever been abroad by yourself before? 8: Oh, I don't have the receipt on me. A: Weil, I need to see it, l'm afraid. lt's shop policy. Alex: No, before this trip I had always gone on holiday with other 8: OK. In that case, 1'11 just come back tomorrow. people. So this is definitely a new experience for me. Host: Are you enjoying the experience? Recording 2 Alex: I am. People ask me all the time if I get lonely travelling by myself, but Attention all customers. Get ready for the festive season with huge the thing is, l'm never lonely because I meet so many people every day. discounts in all departments. For this week only, we are offering 20% Host: What has been the highlight of your trip so far? off all children's footwear. Also, look out for great offers in our Alex:There have been many highlights. Walking along the Great Wall of electrical department where same products are up to 50% off. China ... seeing the Taj Mahal in lndia .... lt's impossible to name just Customers are reminded that the stare has extended opening hours all one thing because l've done so many incredible things. this week from 9. am to 9 pm - even on Christmas Evel Finchley Host:What are you most excited about doing while you're in China? Department Stare - your only destination for Christmas shopping. Alex: l'm really looking forward to learning some Mandarin. I love Recording 3 languages and I want to pick up as much Mandarin as I can while l'm here. So yo1,.1 want a full tour of the city, is that right? Don't worry; l'm just Host: The last time vye spoke you said you want to work for a month joking! The traffic is quite light today, so we'll make it to your teaching English in Asia. Is it easy to find work as an English teacher in destination in around 20 minutes. But since you seem to be tourists, let China? me show you a few things while we drive along. The street we're on Alex:Well, I haven't started looking yet so I can't say for sure. But everyone now is called Grafton Street. lt's probably the busiest shopping street in I speak to tells me that there are lots of English teaching jobs. Apparently, Dublin - and well worth a visit. Now, we're turning into Nassau Street the only difficulty is sorting out the good jobs from the bad ones. which is famous for its many bookshops. Oh, I nearly forgot - on you're Host: Weil, continue .enjoying your trip, Alex. We'll speak to you again next month. left you can see Trinity College (fade out) ... Ałex:Thank you. I will!
Exercise 2 (p. 85) Speaker 1: All last year, I shopped online for my groceries. Since I have 3 children, I really appreciated the time I saved by not having to drive to the supermarket three times a week. I cancelled my account last week, though. For same reason, I started to receive a lot of fruit and vegetables that weren't in a good condition. I don't know why the supermarket dropped its delivery service standards so much. In any case, I decided to go to the supermarket myself to ensure I got the freshest produce. Speaker 2: I used to walk into the supermarket determined to buy only the items on my shopping list. But, the way most supermarkets are laid out, it's almost impossible to avoid the confectionary aisles. I would always walk out with junk food in my shopping bags, and once it's in the house, it's going to get eaten. Now that I do my grocery shopping online, I don't have that temptation to impulse buy. As a result, l'm steadily losing weight and my doctor couldn't be happier! Speaker 3: Shopping online for groceries has been a lifesaver for me. lt's something that I would never consider stopping. l'm in my late 60s now with my fair share of health problems, so grocery shopping isn't the simple chore it used to be. Also, shopping online means I don't need to ask my daughter to pick up groceries; she's busy enough as it is. lt's true that you have to pay for delivery, plus I always tip the deliveryman, but I don't mind. lt's well worth it to have my groceries delivered to my doorstep simply by clicking a few buttons on my laptop.
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Exercise 2a (p. 92) Speaker 1: Two summers ago, I went on a package holiday to Greece with my best friend. The flight was enjoyable, but when we arrived at the hotel, we discovered it had gone out of business! Then, when we tried to call our travel agency, we disco11ered that they had gone out of business, too! We were left stranded i:1 a foreign country without any accommodation. In the end, we went to a nearby Internet cafe and booked the first hostel we could find. We had an enjoyable holiday, but, next time, '1'11 be mare careful about the travel agency where I book my holiday. Speaker 2: We're very sorry for the mix up. Unfortunately, one of aur staff pressed the wrong button on the computer, so we thought that that room was empty. Thank goodness the occupants weren't there when you entered. But we have an empty room ready for you now. lt's on the third floor and it's got a wicie balcony and a sea view. And let me give you this complimentary dinner voucher - it can be used at any time during your stay in the restaurant downstairs. lf you have any other problems, feel free to call me. The number for reception is 7. Speaker 3: Last summer, my best friend and I booked an all-inclusive package holiday to Mexico online. We got a fantastic last-minute deal which meant we had to leave the morning after we booked it. Since neither of us were working at the time, that wasn't a problem. lt just meant we didn't have a lot of time to pack. The holiday was great and l've been telling friends about the website I booked it from ever since.
As long as you have the freedom to get up and go, booking lastminute deals can save you a huge amount of money. Speaker 4: Last year, a colleague of mine told me about a travel agency where I could get good deals for package holidays abroad. So, for the first time in my life, I set foot on an aeroplane and travelled to a resort in South France. lmmediately after I arrived, I regretted my decision. lt wasn't because I had a problem with the hotel; I just really missed home; the language, the food; everything I Same might say I need to broaden my horizons, but from now on, l'm perfectly happy to discover my own country if I ever feel the need for a holiday.
Exercise 1 (p. 94) Recording 1 Good morning, passengers. We will shortly be arriving at Dubrovnik. We will be docked here for five hours, giving you plenty of time to explore this beautiful city. The weather will be quite pleasant in the city today with afternoon temperatures reaching around 27°C. The city has much to offer - one highlight being a 2-kilometre walk around the famous walls of the city. As always, we require passengers to be on board 20 minutes before we depart, so that means you should be back at the port by 5:40 pm. Recording 2
A: l'd like an adult ticket to London, please. 8: A: 8:
A: 8:
Certainly. Would you like a single or return? Weil, it depends. l'm coming back in 3 weeks. How long are return tickets valid for? They're valid for a month and cost f15. A single costs f10 each way, so you'd be saving f5. 1'11 take one in that case. Here you are. Thank you. Make sure to keep the ticket for your return journey, too. Have a nice journey.
Recording 3 Eastwood Adventure Park is the perfect place for teens aged 12-16 to spend their summer holidays. At Eastwood visitors can choose to stay for 1 or 2 weeks and enjoy a huge range of adventure activities including rock climbing, paintball and mountain biking. Visitors who stay two weeks can also try spelunking - that's the extreme sport of exploring cave systems - as well as a hiking trip in the nearby Lake District! All our activities are supervised by trained experts.
directing by myself - by reading books and analysing the works of the masters. But believe me; I wasted a huge amount of time trying to understand everything on my own. Schools like this are a great resource for young directors and I thoroughly support them.
Exercise 1 (p. 106) Recording 1 A: How did the audition for the school play go today, John? 8: Hi Alan. Weil, I had hoped to be given the lead role, but that went to my friend, Steve. So, instead, I was given a supporting role. A: Weil, that's a relief. I was worried you'd get the lead role and would be spending all your time learning lines! 8: Don't worry - 1'11 have enough time to practise for the table tennis tournament with you. But I really wish I had been chosen instead of Steve. Recording 2 For this week's film review I watched Frozen, an animated musicalfantasy film. The film is loosely based on Hans Chri.stian Anderson's famous fairytale The Snow Queen and tells the story of a young woman named Anna who goes on an epic journey to find her sister Elsa, the Snow Queen, whose powers have trapped the kingdom in an eternal winter. lt's a film that's surprisingly for all the family - there are a lot of jokes that seem like they were written with mums and dads in mind. Highly recommended! Recording 3 Good evening, ladies and gentlemen and welcome to Highgate Theatre. Our play tonight is Blank Canvas by Noel Smith. The play will be starting in 5 minutes, so please find your seats now. All audience members are kindly asked to silence their mobile phones. Phones should also not be left on vibrate, nor should you look at the screens of your phones during the play, regardless if they are on silent made or not. Thank you and enjoy the play.
Exercise 2 (p. 109) Man: Louise, as a world famous actress, l'm sure you're offered many
parts. What made you decide to take the part of Elizabeth I? Woman: Actually, Tom, I was a bit scared when I was offered the role. I don't usually make historical dramas; playing someone who helped shape English culture in so many ways was quite daunting. Man:Yet the film turned out to be a blockbuster, didn't it? Woman: Yes, but that was totally unexpected. What made this better than previous versions was the amazing screenplay; it gave great insights Module 9 into Elizabeth's private as well as her public life. The screenwriter, Helen Exercise 1 (p. 104) Rubins, researched her subject for years to get it historically accurate. Speaker 1: Now, it's time for our weekly look at the world of cinema. Man:Well, that makes a change, Louise. Last Friday, I attended the Pioneer Film Festival in London, and there I was very privileged to meet the up-and-coming British director Peter Wąman: Yes, for once there was no Hollywood interpretation of the Moresby. Peter is the director of Stili Life, a comedy about a young boy facts. Even the costumes were made - as far as possible - as they growing up in East London. The film will be released later this month, would have been in Elizabethan times. No synthetic materials were and to speak about it, l'm delighted to say we have the director in the used and no zip fasteners ! studio! So, we'll be back for a live chat with Peter Moresby after these Man: Apart from the film's superb cast, script and costumes, 1loved the music. lt sounds so authentic. ads. Woman:lt is! They used genuine antique Elizabethan instruments. And Speaker 2: Action or adventure films aren't necessarily my favourite writing and arranging the music score took longer than it did to make genres of films, but in my opinion, there's no point watching a drama the film! or a comedy on the big screen. Basically, when I pay up to f10 for a Man: Wow I And what about the realistic film sets? Were they difficult ticket, I want to get my money's worth. That means I want to to create in a studio? experience all the sights and sounds that only a cinema theatre can Woman: In fact, we were lucky enough to do all the filming in real royal offer. lf I see an interesting drama or comedy in the listings, I usually palaces, same of them where Elizabeth I had actually lived or visited. just wait until it comes out on DVD. That also gave the film an authentic feel. Speaker 3: OK, everyone, please take your seats; we will begin the film Man: Louise, many thanks for talking to us today. now. This film is called Citizen Kane. lt was directed by Orson Welles and released in 1941. lt is often considered the finest film ever made Module 10 and marks a very important point in the history of cinema. What I want you to look out for is the innovative use of camera angles in the film. Exercise 1b (p. 116) We won't get to see the entire film today - but we will see the Good morning, listeners. In this week's Olympic Dreams Adrian Morris meets a British teenager who could be among the swimming stars of remaining part in our next session on Thursday. the Rio Games. Speaker 4: Good evening, ladies and gentlemen. lt's a pleasure to be lnterviewer: Barry Hunt, welcome. At 15, you're the national swimming here today. Weil, even though l'm a film director, I can honestly say champion in your age group. How hard have you had to work to get there? that l've never been in a department of film studies before. But that's not something l'm proud of - in fact, I regret it. I learned about
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Barry: Weil, l've been getting up at the crack of dawn four or five times a week for training since I was 8. Five am is not unusual. I also have training sessions in the afternoons after school, so it is demanding. lnterviewer:Has that stopped you enjoying swimming? Barry: Not at all. Obviously, the focus for me is on winning competitions and hopefully a medal in 2016, so it's not just about fun. But I stili get a thrill every time I dive into the pool. lnterviewer:What makes a good swimmer? Do you think it's something you're born with? Barry: Although it helps to have a natura! ability, I actually think it's mainly about hard work and determination. That and having supportive people around you. My coach is absolutely fantastic! lnterviewer:What is the worst thing about training for the Olympics? Barry:lt's expensive! Only the top adult swimmers receive funding from the national swimming authority. Coaching fees are huge, plus the bus fare to and from the pool twice a day costs me a fortune. lnterviewer: And the best thing? Barry: Seeing yourself improve. I get a big sense of achievement when I see how far l've come. l've stili got a long way to go, though. lf I manage to represent my country in the Olympics, that will be a great honour! lnterviewer:Well, Barry, here's wishing you good luck! Barry:Thank you very much.
Recording 3 This is an announcement from Bridgetown Rugby Club. Tickets for the Cup Final will go on sale tomorrow afternoon, 16th May. The club has been given 2,000 tickets which will be sold at the club house. We will not be accepting any requests to reserve tickets by phone or email. However, we will hold tickets for members of the Bridgetown Rugby Fan Club until May 20th. The rest of the tickets will be sold on a firstcome-first-serve basis. The club will be providing free bus transport to Brent Road Stadium in London to anyone holding a ticket.
Exercise 1 (p. 126) A: So, Dr Jones, can you tell our listeners what kinds of things they B:
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Exercise 3 (p. 117) Speaker 1: I used to feel really lonely until I joined my local tennis club. I play every weekend and there's always somebody looking for a partner. The people are all so nice and l've made loads of friends. lt's really helped me to feel more self-confident, too, and not just on the tennis court! Buying a new tennis racket was the best money I ever
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Speaker 2: I was getting really plump and desperately needed to lose weight. That's when a friend of mine suggested I take up swimming. So I bought myself a cap, goggles and swimsuit and signed up for lessons at the loca! pool. Now l'm a pretty strong swimmer; I do fifty lengths at a time. But best of all, I feel healthier, l'm slimmer, and my muscles are really toned. ' Speaker 3: I didn't really want to join the school football teain because it sounded too much like hard work! I was a bit of a couch potato, you see. I preferred sitting in front of the TV to putting on football boots and running round a pitch. But later, I learnt that football teaches you valuable life skills; the importance of preparation - like when we train for upcoming matches; and the need for team work - passing each other the bali and things like that.
Exercise 1b (p. 118) Recording 1 A: Hi, George. Do you have any plans for the weekend? B: Hi Lisa. Actually, l'm going to run in the city marathon on Saturday. l've been-training for it for the past 6 months. A: Wow! Will this be your first time to run in a marathon? B: Weil, in a way. I had planned on running in one last year, but I sprained my ankle while I was warming up for it! I just hope that 1'11 be able to finish it tomorrow. lt's supposed to be boiling, so I might not make it. A: l'm sure you will.
Exercise 1c (p. 118)
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Recording 2 OK, everyone come in please. We're doing very well, but we've got another 40 minutes to play, so it's vital we keep concentrating and working hard. David, you've got to stop complaining to the referee or he's going to give you a card; and Philip, you're the captain, so I want to hear you encouraging the team more. lf anyone gets tired, you just need to shout to me on the touchline. We've got lots of subs eager to come on.
Exercise 1 (p. 128) Recording 1
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Module 11
Exercise 2 (p. 116) In this picture I can see a young man cycling. He's wearing a yellow jacket and black shorts. He's also wearing sunglasses because it's a sunny day. The man is riding along a road. I don't think he is taking part in a race. He's probably just enjoying a bike ride.
remedies you've been using to fight the sniffles. Colorex is a new product that can elear you of all cold symptoms within hours. Taken twice a day with meals, Colorex can help you get on with your life quickly and easily. Available at all reputable pharmacies nationwide.
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should be eating if they want to stay healthy? Certainly. The best way to stay healthy is to eat plenty of plant foods, avoid processed foods, limit the amount of animal protein you eat, and eat very little saturated fat. What's the problem with fat? Why is it so bad for us? Fat isn't bad for us. lt's actually essential because it provides us with energy and helps to transport vitamins around the body. lf we didn't eat any fat we would die. lt's only important to stay away from the bad type you find in foods like biscuits, dairy products and crisps. lnstead we should eat things like olive oil, nuts and seeds, which contain healthy fats. We constantly hear that breakfast is the most important meal of the day. Do you agree? Certainly. Breakfast should be the biggest meal of the day, lunch slightly smaller and dinner the smallest. Unfortunately, most people eat in exactly the opposite manner. They consume a large meal at night and a snack for breakfast. Precisely how much fruit and vegetables do you advise we eat each day? Most people should aim to consume at least four portions of fruit and vegetables a day - and, no, potatoes don't count! lt's important to eat a variety of types and colours, too, not just green plant food. What about the role of exercise? Weil, you can eat perfectly, but if you don't exercise, it will be a wasted effort. lf you want to be healthy, you can't have one without the other - both are of equal importance. Thank you for coming in to speak to us. My pleasure. ·
Exercise 2 (p. 126) Speaker 1: lf you're anything like me, there's nothing worse than that feeling of an oncoming cold. For some people it's a runny nose, while for others the first symptom is a sore throat. And then, in my experience, there's nothing you can do except wait for it to strike. People claim that various old wives' tales do wonders, but I think there's no cure. You just need to eat and sleep well to help keep your immune system strong so that you can fight off the virus easily in the first place. Speaker 2: Good evening, everyone. Now, l've gathered you all here today to talk about this cold bug that's been spreading. A lot of people are out sick at the moment, so management are getting concerned and have asked me to speak to you about general hygiene. Look, it's something that I don't need to lecture you on like you are kids - just please do the basie sense things that stop the virus from spreading. Thanks for listening, everyone. Speaker 3:. At the first sign of a cold, the first thing I do is take a trip to the supermarket and stock up on vegetables, fruit juices and perhaps same herba! tea. Also, I cancel all my social engagements for the week ahead. Then, I simply stay in bed and eat healthily until I feel better. l'm a big coffee drinker, and I often eat fast food, but I always change my habits when recovering from a cold - and unless I get a fever, I always avoid taking medicines. This trick usually works for me. Speaker 4: For centuries, people have been using alternative remedies to cure the common cold. But now, it's time to throw out your herbal teas, aromatherapy sets and whatever other weird and wonderful
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food poisoning. Naw, can you tell us how long food poisoning usually lasts? lllness caused by food poisoning can last from two to 1O days, although people might feel weak for same time afterwards. And when should people go to the doctor? People should seek medical care if their vomiting lasts for more than two days, if they have a fever higher than 38.3°C, or if they cannot keep any liquids down.
Recording 2 Hi Mary. Tina here. l'm calling to let you ~now I won't be able to make it to your party. I tried my best, but none of my colleagues would swap shifts with me. In any case, l've got a cold these days, so I wouldn't have been good company. I know I promised I would make a birthday cake for you, but I won't be able to do that either. I suggest you get one at Jack's Bakery on Kent Road. Hope you all have a great time. 1'11 make it up to you sometime. Recording 3 Every day, smokers go through the battle of giving up cigarettes, but they have addictive chemicals that make it very difficult to kick the habit. But there's help out there. The Bridgetown Town Hall is organising support groups to help you give up smoking. A recent survey has found that having shared goals is the key to a successful addiction programme. Please call 555-221323 for more information.
Exercise 2 (p. 130) A: Now, in the !atest of our series on people who do tough jobs, we're joined by paramedic Mark Bates. Mark, welcome. B: Thank you. Nice to be here. A: Mark, how closely do you work with doctors? B: Weil, aur main job is to get people to hospital safely and quickly in emergency situations. This means we're on the road most of the time and don't spend much time with the hospital staff. A: So you bring in people who have had heart attacks, for example? B: Yes, or have suffered serious injury. A: But you don't actually treat the patients? B: Weil, in fact, if someone's in really bad pain, we can give them painkillers. We can also use medication on people who have taken overdoses or whose heart rate and breathing aren't stable. A: I imagine there's no typical day for a paramedic. B: Correct. On any shift it's common to see anything from someone having an allergic reaction to somelhing they ate to a fata! motorway accident. A: That must be distressing. B: Yes, but it's part of the job, l'm afraid. For me, though, the weekend night shifts are really tough. A: Yes, I imagine it's pretty unsocial working through the night until breakfast time and then going home in the morning to sleep. B: lt's not the late hours I mind. lt's dealing with the effects of drug-taking and excess drinking. We meet so much of it when we werk at 3 or 4 in the morning on Fridays and Saturdays. lt can actually make our job dangerous. A: How do you mean? B: A lot of paramedics get injured by people they're trying to help because they're so out of control. My colleague Steve once got a dislocated shoulder while trying to get a very drunk patient into an ambulance.
Module 12 Exercise 1 (p. 140) Speaker 1: Every time 1 turn on the TV. I see advertisements about appliances that save you work in the kitchen or remote controls that let
you control all your entertainment devices from the comfort of your couch. But don't you sometimes feel that things are too easy these days? I think that electrical devices are making us lazy and l'm trying to fight back. Now, for example, I work out sums in my head instead of using a calculator. I want electrical devices to help me - not turn me into a slob! Speaker 2: First, attach Lhe USB cabie to the camera and then attach the other end to your computer. Now, click on My Computer and choose the photos you want to print. Then, plug in your printer ... Does this sound familiar to you? The steps involved 1n printing photos from a digital camera go on and on, but they can all be avoided with the new Snap Shotz Printer. Just fellow a few simple steps and you'll have beautifully printed photos in your hands in minutes! Speaker 3: Excuse me everyone, can I have your attention for a moment. Each of you should have been given a small device at the entrance where you bought your ticket. lt looks like a mobile phone, but actually it's a handset that will allow you to hear information about the various exhibits here. Just enter the number of the exhibit into the handset and press the device to your ear. There are buttons on the side to change the volume. Please don't forget to hand back these handsets at the end of the tour. Speaker 4: This year it was the tablet PC and last year it was the · Smartphone - so what's going to be next year's most popular electrical device? Weil, according to industry insiders - it could be the smartwatch. The technology has been around for years and now it seems manufactures are finally ready to launch these products. Basically, a smartwatch will be a Smartphone that you wear on your wrist. I don't imagine they will use any new technology; so they will be a fashion item as much as anything. lt remains to be seen whether people will be interested in them, though.
Exercise 4 (p. 140) A: Geod morning. How can I help you? B: Oh, hello. l'm interested in buying a new mobile phone. A: Certainly. What kind of model are you lookirig for? B:
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Weil, I really want to update my old pilone. lt's got the old-style buttons and the camera doesn't take very good quality pictures. Right. And did you have any particular new features in mind? Yes. l'd like something with GPS, an MP3 player and preferably a touchscreen. What sort of price range are we talking about? l'm prepared to pay up to f400. l've got a lovely phone here with all the features you mention for that price, except it doesn't have a touchscreen. No, l'm afraid I really need a touchscreen. My friend's phone has gat one. I used it once and now I wouldn't be without one. Haven't you gat anything else? Weil, there is this model that comes with a touchscreen. lt's slightly more expensive, though. lt sells at f450. That is a bit more than I had planned. Does it come with any accessories? As a matter of fact, the price includes this trendy leather carry case. Oh - it attaches to your belt. That's cool. There's less chance of losing the phone that way. 1'11 buy itJ..
Exercise 1b (p. 142) Recording 1 Sandra, you run a factory that makes thousands of dishwashers a year, yet you only have a handful of employees. How do you do it? B: One word; robots; but not the types that glide around on wheels and do any job you ask of them. Our robots are fixed in one place and have one job to do. A: You mean you have a conveyor belt and the dishwashers move down the line from one robot to the next? B: Exactly. lt's a very efficient process; A:
Recording 2 We are delighted to anńounce. that .we are .now .accepting applications for this year's National Young Sclentist:. Award .. The competition is open to secondary sch?ol. stud~nts ~g~d 1~:l§ y.'CT? 1'1.aye not competed in
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the competition in previous years. Projects can be dane in groups (maximum 4 members) or individually and can be about any field of science. To apply, complete an online form at www.youngscientist.com. The 300 best entrants will get the chance to display their projects at the University of London in September and the winner will receive f10,000! Fina! date for applications is 12th March. Good lu ck! Recording 3 Tired of waiting for webpages or videos to load on your laptop? Then stop wasting your time and connect with lnterGo today! We've got the fastest broadband speeds in Britain and we also provide the option for you to add phone and digital TV services to your package. All new connections receive a free modem with WiFi! Call 021-34134 or visit one of aur shops for more,jnformation. Exercise 2a (p. 142) A man in his late thirties or early forties is sitting at his desk in an office. He's wearing a black and white striped shirt and tie, and he's gat a writing pad open in front of him. I can see various other office accessories including a calculator and a filing tray. There is also a pile of what look like big brown envelopes. The man seems to be very tired and stressed. He's holding his head in his hands and frowning. He's written something on the pad and there is a piece of screwed up paper on the desk. Maybe he's been trying to do some calculations and can't get the right answerl Module 1 3 Exercise 1 (p. 150) lnterviewer: Welcome to the show, Dr Samuels. Can you tell us why tigers are in danger? Dr Samue/s:Tigers are in danger because there are only about 3 ,000 of them left in the wild. Now, 3 ,000 would be a nice number of tigers if you had them all in one place. But the fact is, this 3,000 is divided up into about 76 small populations in just a few countries across Asia. These 76 populations aren't in contact with each other. So, each group, because it's so small, is highly endangered. Jnterviewer: How many tigers were there in the wild in the past? Dr Samue/s: Weil, we know that 1OO years ago, there were mare than 100,000 tigers living in the wild. By 1970, there were only 4,000, and today there are 3,000. In other words, humans have killed close to 99% of tigers in the last 1OO years. Jnterviewer:That's terrible! But the tiger can be saved from extinction, can't it? Dr Samue/s: lt all depends. Most experts agree that if we act immediately, we can save the tiger. But if we don't act immediately, pretty much everyone agrees that tigers will be extinct in the wild by about 2020. lnterviewer: How long have conservationists known tigers are in danger7 Dr Samuels: Tigers were first declared an endangered species in 1969, so about 40 years. lnterviewer: So why haven't things gat better in the last 40 years? Dr Samuels: Mostly because in the last 40 years, the population of Asia has doubled. This has meant more and more of the forests where the tiger lives have been cut down to make way for cities. Then you have the huge illegal wildlife trade for tiger parts in Asia. This is a lesser threat than loss of habitat, but it is stili a big threat. lnterviewer: So what is being dane? Dr Samuels: Weil, I have just come back from a historie meeting in Russia. For the first time ever. heads of state from countries across Asia carne together to discuss how to save the tiger. This has never happened before. So I think serious action will finally be taken. lnterviewer: Thank you for coming to talk to us, Dr Samuels. Let's hope this beautiful anima! can be saved.
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Speaker 2: Good morning, eve1yone. l've been asked to inform you that there will be an earthquake drill later in the day. lt's something that the company requires us to do once a year. So, as soon as you hear the alarm, please fellow the procedures we learned last week. lf anyone needs a recap, there's a sheet available at reception. lt's important to take this seriously, everyone. I know we haven't experienced a major earthquake in years, but who knows when the next one will strike. Speaker 3: I live in a part of the world that doesn't ever get earthquakes. So when I experienced one in Mexico last year, it took a while for my brain to register; hey, you're in an earthquake! Of course, as soon as I realised, I panicked and did everything you shouldn't do. But I didn't know any better. In the end, I survived w1thout a scratch, and at least next time 1'11 be better mentally prepared for it. Speaker 4: Here in Greece we regularly get minor earthquakes. For most of the locals they're not major events. Once we realise that it's not serious, we just get on with our day. Once, though, I experienced a major earthquake. Thankfully, no one in my town got hurt, but it was very scary. Stili, you can't let these things affect you. You can't control nature; all you can do is follow the correct procedures when it happens and hope for the best. Exercise 1a (p. 152) Recording 1 A: l'm joined now by James Hegarty who's come into the studio today · to talk to us about the climate of Australia. James, what sort of weather does Australia have 7 B: Weil, because of its huge size, Australia experiences a variety of climates. There are tropical regions in the north where the weather is hot and humid. There are desert regions in the centre of the country where it is extremely arid. And in the south, there are temperate regions where the climate is very mild. Recording 2 Good morning, everyone. Just a quick announcement about recycling. I think it's fair to say that we could be doing far more for the environment than we currently do. So, with this in mind, l've decided to put two recycling bins on the first floor next to the canteen. One is for bottles while the other is for paper. Just one condition, though; please don't bring in your recycling from home as the bins are small and we don't want rubbish to fali on the floor. Recording 3 Gdansk Environmental Society wishes to thank all those who sponsored runners in aur recent fundraising marathon. The event was a huge success and we raised over f4,000, every penny of which will go to help save endangered animals in Poland. The win ner of the race was Anna Rubovska - and the fancy dress prize went to Pavel Polanski who was dressed up as a bear! We hope you all will continue to support society events in the future!
Exercise 3 (p. 152) A: Good morning. Protect the Earth. B: Oh, hello. l'd like to find out abcut volunteering opportunities with you. A: OK. We hold regular conservation days on Sundays. The work includes building habitats for wildlife and clearing footpaths for walkers. B: lt sounds good. What equipment do I need7 A: We supply gloves and tools. But you need good boots and waterproof clothing. B: OK. So if I become a volunteer, what should I expect? A: Weil, it can be very hard work. You need to be physically fit. But if you dQ join us you'll get lots of fresh air and exercise in the countryside. Also, it's a great way to make new friends. Exercise 2b (p. 150) 8: Do I need to fili in any forms7 Speaker 1: Last year, I was in lstanbul on business. I was in a meeting in A: Only one. lt's a form about your health. You can fili it in if you a high rise building when suddenly an earthquake struck. Then, to my come to the office to register. surprise, most people in the room ran for the lifts. They all wanted to B: OK, 1'11 do that. Can you tell me about your next event? get outside. I just stayed where I was and crept under a desk. From years of experience living in earthquake hotspots just like lstanbul, I A: Certainly. This Sunday aur volunteers will be planting trees at knew I was much safer inside the building than out on the street. In Harwood Forest. the end, the earthąuake was ąuite minor, and 1later learned that most B: I think l'd like to take part 1'11 come in to your office to register. of my colleagues were foreigners. That explained their behaviour. A: Great. See you then.
Exercise 2 (p.155) Man: Today, l'm joined by earthquake expert Dr Mary Woolford. With earthquakes so much in the news lately, she's gat some good advice on how we can protect ourselves from them. Dr Woolford, welcome. Woman: Hello. Man: Many parts of the world are prone to earthquakes. I suppose the obvious ąuestion is what you should do if one happens. I heard the best thing is to stand under a doorframe. Woman: For many years people were advised to stand in doorways during an earthąuake. But the thinking has changed. In modern buildings doorways are no stronger than the rest of the structure and provide no real shelter. lt is now recommended to take shelter under a strong desk or table. Man: So, in an earthquake zone, you should make sure you have a solid table somewnere in your home with enough room for you to crawl under it. Woman: That's good advice. People in earthąuake zones are told to remember these three words: drop, cover and hold. In other words, get on the floor under a desk, table or other large object and hold onto it. Man:What if you can't get under a table or desk? Woman: You should sit on the floor against a wali well away from windows and tall furniture. Man: To try and avoid being hit by flying objects? Woman: Exactly. In fact, people in earthquake-prone countries are advised to attach heavy pieces of furniture to the walls, if possible. Man: And if the worse happens and you do get trapped after an earthąuake?
Woman: You should always have a survival kit in each room. lt should contain enough food and water for severa! days and some warm clothes. A light and a whistle are also a good idea. Man:Why is that? Woman: They are a valuable way of letting rescuers know where you are. Module 14 Exercise 3 (p. 159) A: I saw a terrible act of vandalism this afternoon. B: Really? What happened? A: Weil, I was sitting at the window of a cafe near the football stadium. A group of noisy teenagers carne along the street. They were singing and shouting. I think maybe they'd been drinking. B: What did they vandalise? A: The cafe door. As they passed, one of them kicked the door really hard and smashed the glass. People were shocked. B: What a crazy thing to do. A: I know. No one knows why they did it. B: So what happened then7 A: Someone called the police, but the vandals got away. I think people were too frightened to chase after them. B: l'm not surprised! I hope the police catch them. A: Me too. I gave a statement to the police because I witnessed the whole thing. Exercise 1 (p. 162) We'll be at the hotel in 20 minutes but before you relax and enjoy your holiday, l'd like to give you some advice on staying out of trouble while you are here. First of all, please be aware that it is the law here that everyone carries same form of identification on them at all times. So, make sure you always have your passport with you; leaving it behind at the hotel is a security risk, as well. lf you're a smoker, you need to know that the law on smoking here has changed. You may see people smoking in public places such as cafes, but that is actually against the law now. You can get a fine of up to 500 euros if you are caught, so be warned! Also, please do not buy DVDs, CDs, or the like, on the street. Make sure all your purchases are from shops and you get receipts for everything you buy, as you can go to prison for buying from street sellers. And if you go exploring on your own, please be very careful about where you take photographs. Photography is not allowed in military areas. lf you take pictures at an army air base, for example, you may be suspected of illegally collecting information about the country, or even spying - and that could mean 20 years in prison. On a lighter note, we hope to go to
a theatre performance on Wednesday evening, but this depends on how many people want to attend. We need at least 20 people to be interested. We will let you know by Monday if we have the numbers. Exercise 2 (p. 162) Speaker 1: I always thought that if I was ever caught shoplifting, I would only get a warning" For same reason, I thought that since I was under 21, I would stili be treated as a minor. How wrong I was. Naw, even though I stopped shoplifting years ago, l'm stuck with a criminal record for the rest of my life. I have to include it on job applications which has really harmed my career - plus it has caused me a lot of problems when applying for visas to travel abroad. lf only I had made better choices back then. Speaker 2: I grew up in a rough estate where shoplifting was almost considered a hobby - just like playing football or rugby. When I was around 15 or 16, my friends and I would meet up after school and go on shoplifting outings to the centre city. We used to hicie things in the hoods of aur sweatshirts - security guards rarely checked there. I gat caught a few times, but was just given warnings. Stili, l'm not proud of that period in my life. I stili think about it with shame today. Speaker 3: When I was growing up, I shoplifted once or twice - just a chocolate bar here and there. lt's nothing to be proud of, but at least I wasn't as bad as the kids I see in my shop each day. Same of them don't even try to hicie the fact they are stealing from you - they just grab an item and run! lt has become such a big problem that l've recently installed CCTV cameras around the shop - plus l've hired a security guard and a stare detective. That's helped a lot. Speaker 4: A few years ago, I was walking out of a shop when an alarm started ringing. lmmediately, a security guard ran over to me and started shouting at me to return to the shop. In a way, I can understand why he treated me that way. I had been doing DIY at home that day and my clothes were filthy; but that didn't give him the right to treat me like a criminal. Anyway, it turned out that the cashier had put an extra shirt in my bag by accident. But to this day, l'm stili not 100% certain that the security guard believed me. Exercise 1 (p. 164) Recording 1
A: Good morning, Sir. Would you like to support KidHope? lt's an
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B: A:
in'ternational children's charity based here in London. Of course, but I don't have a lot of change on me. Here's f3. Actually, Sir, we're not collecting money today. We'd like you to give us your bank account details so that you can donate a small sum to the charity every month. I see. Weil, let me read up about the charity online first and I might come back to you during my lunch break. OK, I hope to see you then.
Recording 2 This is the six o'clock news. The main story today: Bus drivers in London are on strike for a third day today as government officials and representatives of the bus drivers union fail to reach an agreement on wage reductions. The government wants to cut bus drivers' basie wage by 5%, but union head Harry Read claims that bus drivers have already suffered enough by government cut backs. Read is referring to a 10% cut in bus drivers' wages last year. "We can't afford further cuts, so the government will have to look for the money elsewhere," says Read. Recording 3 Good morning, ladies and gentlemen, and thank you all for coming here today. This is my first time running in Millford Keys, so I organised this event so that you can get to know me a little better. So, why should you tick my name at the ballat box next Thursday? Weil, for one, l'd like you to take into consideration the volunteer work l've done in the !ocal community over the last 1O years. l've worked in homeless shelters and addiction clinics, so I know the problems aur community faces, and if you allow me, I think I have the solutions to fix them.
295
Przykładowy zestaw
egzaminacyjny
Exercise 1 (p. 277) Man: Sheryl, you work at the Natura! History Museum and I understand you're showing a new film there. But not just any old film ... it's a bit more special than that. Sheryl: In our opinion it is, Gerald. We've tried to marry science and the !atest technology so visitors to the museum can watch a film about extinct dinosaurs and hominids. Using hand-held computers, they will be able to see these creatures walking around the room they are sitting in. Man: Do visitors have to pay to see it, Sheryl? Sheryl: No, it's absolutely free and available in the museum's newly opened Attenborough Studio. The story of the creatures is told by Sir David Attenborough himself. He goes right back to the first signs of life on the planet, and explains what characteristics we humans share with our most ancient ancestors. Man: Is it more of an educational film for children rather than adults? Sheryl: Yes, l'd describe it that way, but the hand-held computers really let children take part in the whole thing; they're not just passive viewers. The computers look a bit like very big smart phones, but they' -i: -.trongly made so that they won't break if children drop them. Man: Can the children stop the film when they want to? Sheryl: Yes, they can. When a new anima! is being presented, for example, the child can pause the film and examine 'the anima! more closely. Man: And what is the film called? Sheryl: lt's called 'A Walk Among Beasts'. Man: l'm sure many of our listeners will want to see it. Sheryl, thank you.
Exercise 2 (p. 277) Speaker 1: I don't believe that it's just the taking part that matters. I always expect myself to win the table tennis tournaments I compete in, and if I don't, I get very depressed. lt's something that has motivated me to practise my technique every day. I have to admit, though, that I have taken things too far on occasion. Once, I wore a white T-shirt to a competition, something you should never do in table tennis as it makes it very difficult for your opponent to see the bali. I won the competition, but 1later threw away the medal because I felt so guilty. Speaker 2: My favourite sport is the high jump. l'm tall and skinny so l'm pretty good at it, and these days, I compete in national competitions. The high jump is a sport that's all about having the correct form - it's even possible for quite short people to jump very high if they have the right technique. Recently, my coach has been trying to get me to have a smoother run-up when I approach the bar. According to bim, this is crucial and will allow me to jump over far greater heights. Speaker 3: When it comes to archery, l'm a firm believer of 'practice makes perfect'. But no matter how hard you work on your technique, you've got to also be aware that things can just go against you in the actual event. That·~ what happened to me last weekend at the National Championships. lt was an outside event, and it just felt that every time I shot an arrow, the wind would blow it off target. lt wasn't an especially windy day, so I felt really unlucky, and in the end I finished in last place. Speaker 4: I take part in taekwondo competitions throughout the year, but the event that I always look forward to, and practise the most for, is the National Championships. Last year, I lost in the final against a person who I was sure was using illegal kicks, so I especially wanted to win this year. Then, a week before the competition, I twisted my ankle while running. You can imagine how depressed I felt sitting in the crowd watching as my rival won the title again.
lrregular
Exercise 3 (p. 277) Recording 1 A: Hi, Alan. Why weren't you at the meeting this morning? The new owner introduced a few new rules for all factory workers. B: I had a doctor's appointment. So, what did I miss? A: Weil, Mr Newton said that we have to clock in and out when we start and finish our shifts. B: Does that include for breaks? A: l'm afraid so. A lot of the workers are quite angry. He should be improving health and safety standards instead of worrying about our timekeeping. Recording 2 At last - a princess with personality! Merida, the central character of Brave, isn't like most princesses in Disney films. This fiery girl won't pray for a handsome prince to save her - she'll do it on her own! Brave is based on tales from Celtic mythology and tells the story of a young Scottish princess called Merida who must save her parents from an evil witch. lt's got a talented cast of voice actors and is beautifully animated. All in all, it's a heart-warming tale that the whole family will enjoy.
be /bi:/ bear /beo/ beat /bia/ become /111'bm/ begin /b1\1m/ bite /bal!/ blow /bl.-o/ break /bre1k/ bring /bru1/ build /b1ld/ bum /113:n/
Recording 3 A: Emma, could you stay behind for a minute after practice. B: I can't, l'm afraid. l'm working this evening in the restaurant. What did you want to talk about? A: I just wanted to discuss the team for Wednesday. I know you want to play three forwards, but I really think that would leave us too open at the back. B: Whatever you think, Alan. l'm just here to help you with training and to give you advice - you're the one who has to make the fina! decision. A: I know. Anyway, the girls have warmed up enough now, so let's start doing some drills.
burst /b3:st/ buy /bat/
was/wozi bore /b:>:/ beat /bi:t/ became /111'keun/ began /bl'9xn/ bit/Im/ blew/blu:/ broke /11rook/ brought /llf=>:t/ built /1111t/ burnt (burned) /ll3:ntlll3:1lll)/ burst /113:st/ bought /b.0:1/
been /hi:n/ born(e) /b:>:n/ beaten /hi:ton/ become /bl'kAm/ begun /111'g,\11/ bitten /bnon/ blown/bl"'m/ broken /broukon/ brought /br:>:t/ built /b11t/ burnt (burned) /113:nt (b3:11d)/ burst /113:st/ bought /11o:t/
can /kaon/ catch /kx1J/ choose /tJu:z/ come /k,,111/ cost /kosi/ cut /kAt/
could /kod/ caught /b:t/ chose /lfouz/ carne /ke1m/ cost /kost/ cut /kAt/
(been able to /bm 'etb;>I !;>/) caught/b:t/ chosen /tJ;>oz;>n/ come/k,\111/ cost /kosi/ cut /kAt/
deal /di:!/ dig /d19/ do /du:/ draw /dr:>:/ dream /dri:m/ drink /drn1k/ drive /drniv/
dealt /delt/ dug fd,,g/ did /dtd/ drew/dm:/ dreamt (dreamed) /dren1l (dri:md)/ drank /drre11k/ drove /drouv/
dealt /delt/ dug /dA\J/ done /d,\11/ drawn /dr:>:n/ dreamt (dreamed) /drenu (dri:mdl/ drunk /drAIJk/ driven /dmon/
eat /i:t/
ate /en/
eaten /i:ton/
fall/b:I/ feed /fi:il/ feel /fi:I/ fight /fal!/ find/fumd/ fly /flut/ forbid /fo'b1d/ forget /fo"ge1/ forgive /fo'g1v/ freeze /fri:z/
fell /fcl/ fed /fed/ felt /felt/ fought /f:>:t/ found /faund/ forbade /fo'bred/ forgot /fo'go1/ forgave /fo'gctl"/ froze /frouz/
fallen /b:lon/ fed /fcd/ felt /feh/ fought /b:I/ found /faond/ flown /fl;>un/ forbidden /fo'b1don/ forgotten /fo'9ot"11/ forgiven /fo'givon/ frozen ffr.>uz;>n/
get /gc1/ give /g1v/ go/g;>u/ grow/grou/
got/\)Dt/ gave /gc1v/ went/wen!/ grew /gm:/
got/901/ given /911"011/ gone /gon/ grown /groun/
hang /11req/ have /11rev/ hear /luo/ hicie /lia1d/ hit/1111/ hold /11"uld/ hurt/113:t/
hung (hanged) /IMIJ (hre1Jd)/ had /hred/ heard /ll3:d/ hid /lud/ hit /IHI/ held /hcld/ hurt/113:1/
hung (hanged) /11A1J threqdl/ had /11red/ heard /113:d/ hidden /lndon/
keep /ki:p/ know /nou/ lay /lei/ lead /li:d/ learn /b:n/
Recording 4
A: Hi, Bill. Have you got everything for the camping trip tomorrow? B:
A:
B: A: B: A:
Oh, I forgot to call you, Jeff. I won't be joining you in the end. Really? Why not? I thought you had got over the cold you had earlier in the week. Yes, it's not that. l'm feeling fine now. The thing is l've just been hired for a part-time position and my first day is on Saturday. Really? What is it? Weil, it's actually in my little brother's school. 1'11 be part of a team that will repaint the classrooms. That explains why it's on at weekend. OK, well, best of luck with that.
Recording 5 Good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen. This is Lisa at reception. Staff and visitors are asked to look out for a missing child who arrived here around an hour ago. Tim is 8 years old and is wearing a pair of blue jeans and a white jacket. He was last seen by his mother and father in the gift shop, but seems to have wandered off. lf you see Tim, please lead him to the entrance where his parents are waiting for bim or ask a member of staff to call at reception in Accident and Emergency. Thank you. Recording 6 A: Will you be checking in any bags for the flight, Madam? B: Yes, these two here, please. A: Oh, l'm afraid passengers have an allowance of one checked-in bag only. B: OK, 1'11 carry the other with me onto the piane. lt's very light, so I won't have a problem. lt might even fit under my seat. A: No, that·won't be possible. lt's too big to take onboard, regardless of its weight. You'll need to pay f20 for it to be checked-in. B: Really7 That's outrageousl A: lt's company policy, l'm afraid.
296 _J
rbs
leave /li:v/ lend /lend/ let /let/ lie /lai/ light /lnu/ Jose /lu:z/
left /lefl/ lent /lent/ let/let/ lay /le1/ lit/111/ lost/losl/
left /left/ lent /lent/ let /le!/ lain/lcm/ lit /In/ lost/lost/
make /me1k/ mean /mi:n/ meet/mi:t/
made /m~1d/ meant /meni/ met/met/
made /me1d/ meant/mem/ met/111e1/
pay /pei/ put /pot/
paid /petd/ put /pot/
paid /pe1d/ put /pot/
read /ri:d/ ride /rmd/ ring /rnJ/ rise /ratz/ run /r,\11/
read /red/ rocie /r;>ud/ rang /rxlJ/ rose /rouz/ ran /rren/
read /red/ ridden /ndon/ rung/r,,IJ/ risen fnzon/ run /rAn/
say /set/ see /si:/ sell /sel/ send /sem!/ set /set/ sew /sou/ shake /Je1k/ shine /Jam/ shoot/Ju:t/ show /Jon/ shut /JAt/ sing /s11J/ sit/su/ sleep /sli:p/ smell/smcl/
said /sed/
spend /spend/ stand /Slrend/ steal /sti:I/ stick /st1k/ sting /si111/ swear /swco/ sweep /swi:p/ swim/swun/
sold /sould/ sent /sem/ set /set/ sewed /seod/ shook /Juk/ shone /Jon/ shot /Jot/ showed /J"ud/ shut /J.\l/ sang/srelJ/ sat /sret/ slept /slept/ smelt (smelled) /smelt (smeld)/ spoke /spouk/ spelt (spelled) /spclt (spe Id)/ spent /spem/ stood /stud/ stole /stoul/ stuck /stAk/ stung /slAIJ/ swore /sw:>:/ swept /swep1/ swam/swrem/
said /sed/ seen /si:n/ sold /sould/ sent /sem/ set /set/ sewn /s"un/ shaken fJe1kon/ shone /Jon/ shot /Jo1/ shown /J"un/ shut/JAt/ sung /sAIJ/ sat /sret/ slept /slcpt/ smelt (smelled) /smclt (smeld)/ spoken /spouk"n/ spelt (spelled) /spelt !spcld)/ spent /spcnl/ stood /stod/ stolen /stoul;>n/ stuck /st,,k/ stung /st\IJ/ sworn /sw:>:n/ swept /swcpt/ swum /sw,rn1/
take /te1k/ teach /ti:tJ/ tear /te;>/ tell /tel/ think /0njk/ throw /0roo/
took /tuk/ taught /1:>:t/ tore /1:>:/ told /t"uld/ thought /0:>:t/ threw/em:/
taken /te1kon/ taught /1:>:1/ torn /t:>:n/ told /t;>uld/ thought /0:>:t/ thrown /0mm/
held /11eld/ hurt /113:t/
understand /,And;l'slrend/
understood f.,rndo'stud/
understood /,,\lldo'swd/
kept /kcpt/ knew /nju:/
kept /kept/ known /n"un/
laid /le1d/ led /leci/ learnt (learned) /13:nt (13:nd)/
laid /lc1d/ led /leu/ learnt (learned) /Inn tb:nd)/
wake /wc1k/ wear /we;>/ win/wm/ write/ran/
woke /wouk/ wore /w:>:/ won /wAn/ wrote/rout/
woken /w"ok"n/ worn /w0:n/ won/wAn/ written /rn"n/
flew/łlu:/
speak /spi:k/ spell /spcl/
saw/s~:/
hit/łut/
