JED Magazine 2011-11

Also in this issue: Naval EW: Making Soft-Kill Smarter The Future of Navigation Warfare Technology Survey: COMINT/DF Systems NOVEMBER 2011 Vol. 34, No...

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NOVEMBER 2011 Vol. 34, No. 11

Lethal

SEAD Also in this issue: Naval EW: Making Soft-Kill Smarter The Future of Navigation Warfare Technology Survey: COMINT/DF Systems

ITT and Boeing have come together to develop and deliver the Navy’s Next Generation Jammer. Drawing on six decades of electronic warfare leadership and nearly a century of accomplished aircraft design, we have selected innovative engineers, integration experts and proven program managers to form a team that is as experienced as it is visionary. For information, visit www.es.itt.com/NGJ.

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Electronic Systems • Geospatial Systems • Information Systems • Mission Systems ITT, the Engineered Blocks logo, and ENGINEERED FOR LIFE are registered trademarks of ITT Manufacturing Enterprises, Inc., and are used under license. ©2011, ITT Corporation.

November 2011 • Volume 34, Issue 11

News

The Future of Navigation Warfare

The Monitor 15 Army Ramps Up Comms EW Program. Washington Report 28 Senator Calls for Counter-MANPAD Protection on Civilian aircraft.

The Journal of Electronic Defense | November 2011

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G.T. Torvea

World Report 30 NATO Holds Embow XIII Exercise.

Since emerging into the spotlight in the 1990s, NAVWAR has evolved to cover much more than its name implies. The question is, how well do military forces actually understand it? Technology Survey: COMINT/DF Systems and Receivers 69 Ollie Holt

Features

Pouncing on the SAMs – Networking and UCAVs Modernize the Lethal SEAD Mission 32 John Haystead

The lethal SEAD mission is evolving, as air forces begin to leverage a wider range of technologies and weapons systems to take out enemy air defense systems. At its core, however, the SEAD mission continues to rely on fast emitter location and anti-radiation missiles. Naval EW: Making Soft-Kill Smarter

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Richard Scott

As surface combatants face a new generation of anti-ship missiles, the humble naval decoy is featuring some new technologies that can help to defeat these threats.

Cover photo courtesy US Air Force.

The COMINT system market is as vast as it is innovative. This month’s survey of COMINT systems and receivers provides a sampling of what is available. 48th Annual AOC International Symposium & Convention Guide 87 Your guide to the event November 14-16 in Washington, DC, including scheduled events, symposium details and exhibitors. AOC Annual Award Winners Meet the winners of the 2011 AOC national awards.

Departments 6 8 10 12 81 124 126

The View From Here Conferences Calendar Courses Calendar From the President EW 101 Index of Advertisers JED Quick Look

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NOVEMBER 2011 • Vol. 34, No. 11

EDITORIAL STAFF Editor: John Knowles Managing Editor: Elaine Richardson Senior Editors: Glenn Goodman, John Haystead Technical Editor: Ollie Holt Contributing Writers: Dave Adamy, Barry Manz, Richard Scott, G.T. Torvea, Tom Withington Marketing & Research Coordinator: Heather McMillen Sales Administration: Esther Biggs

EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD

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his month, Washington, DC, will play host to the 48th Annual AOC Symposium & Convention. The theme of this year’s event is “Victory Through the EMS.” For an aviator, soldier or sailor, this might seem a bit myopic. The aviator might think in terms of victory through air power. The sailor might think about victory through sea power. And the soldier might think of victory through land power. For them, electronic warfare and the electromagnetic spectrum have historically been adjuncts to the way they fight. For that airman, air power is about aircraft and their performance and lethality. Air power isn’t about the radar, the missiles, the datalinks, the targeting system or anything else that uses the EMS. And it almost certainly isn’t about EW. The same is true of the sailor, who thinks of sea power in terms of ships or the soldier who thinks in terms of rifles or tanks. How do we change these perceptions? The EW and Cyber communities have already started to speak about the EMS as a maneuver space and an operating environment, if not an outright operational domain. In changing warriors’ perceptions, it certainly helps that the aviator, the sailor and the soldier are becoming less dependent on the naked eye and more dependent on the sensors and networks that enable them to fight at long distances. From the spectrum warrior’s perspective, that aviator may be flying in an aircraft and that sailor may be operating from a ship, but they are fighting in and through the EMS. Take away their access to the EMS and you take away their ability to fight in any domain. Our adversaries have not missed this observation either. Western military forces are hard at work developing Cyber strategies to protect their networks and the data that resides in them. This is critical to building a credible network-centric force. What is missing, however, is an EMS strategy to complement the Cyber strategy development. This EMS strategy needs to include EW, spectrum management and the hundreds of thousands of “users” – radios, GPS receivers, radars, targeting systems and other systems and devices – that rely on access to the EMS. Today, western forces fight in a battlespace that is plagued with EM interference and interoperability problems from military, government and civilian spectrum users. That is why the GPS jammers and communications jammers we see at Russian and Chinese defense expos are no joke. In a congested EM environment, with little room for maneuver, those seemingly insignificant jammers gain an increased level of effectiveness that can deliver some ugly and profound surprises. If we are to achieve “Victory in the EMS,” every aviator, sailor and soldier will first need to realize that they are, to some degree, an EM warrior, as well. Western military forces also need to develop comprehensive EMS strategies. These ideas are not new; they have been stated before in JED and in other EW venues. What we need now is to make them happen. – John Knowles

Mr. Tom Arseneault President, Electronic Systems, BAE Systems Mr. Chris Bernhardt President, ITT Electronic Systems Mr. Gabriele Gambarara Elettronica S.p.A. Mr. Tony Grieco Former Deputy for Electronic Warfare, OSD Mr. Itzchak Gat CEO, Elisra CAPT John Green Commander, EA-6B Program Office (PMA-234), NAVAIR, USN Mr. Micael Johansson Senior Vice President and Head of Business Area, Electronic Defence Systems, Saab Mr. Mark Kula Vice President, Tactical Airborne Systems, Raytheon Space and Airborne Systems LTC James Looney Fires Center of Excellence, Directorate of Training and Doctrine, USA CAPT Paul Overstreet Commander, ATAPS Program Office (PMA-272), NAVAIR, USN Mr. Jeffrey Palombo Senior VP and GM, Land and Self-Protection Systems Division, Electronic Systems, Northrop Grumman Corp. Mr. Kerry Rowe VP, ISR & Force Protection Systems, The Boeing Company Wg Cdr P.J. Wallace Military Strategic Planning 2, International Policy and Planning, UK MOD Mr. Richard Wittstruck Director, System of Systems Engineering, PEO Intelligence, Electronic Warfare and Sensors, USA

PRODUCTION STAFF Layout & Design: Barry Senyk Advertising Art: Carrie Marsh Contact the Editor: (978) 509-1450, [email protected] Contact the Sales Manager: (800) 369-6220 or [email protected] Subscription Information: Please contact Glorianne O’Neilin at (703) 549-1600 or e-mail [email protected]. The Journal of Electronic Defense is published for the AOC by

Naylor, LLC 5950 NW 1st Place Gainesville, FL 32607 Phone: (800) 369-6220 • Fax: (352) 331-3525 www.naylor.com ©2011 Association of Old Crows/Naylor, LLC. All rights reserved. The contents of this publication may not be reproduced by any means, in whole or in part, without the prior written authorization of the publisher. Editorial: The articles and editorials appearing in this magazine do not represent an official AOC position, except for the official notices printed in the “Association News” section or unless specifically identified as an AOC position.

PUBLISHED NOVEMBER 2011/JED-M1111/5300

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NOVEMBER Aircraft Survivability Symposium November 1-3 San Diego, CA www.ndia.org 48th Annual AOC International Symposium and Convention November 13-16 Washington, DC www.crows.org Dubai Airshow November 13-17 Dubai, UAE http://dubaiairshow.aero

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Annual Directed Energy Symposium November 14-18 La Jolla, CA www.deps.org Converging Cyber, IO and EW Conference November 29-December 1 Charleston, SC www.crows.org

DECEMBER AOC/Shephard EW Asia Pacific December 6-7 Singapore www.crows.org EW Payloads on RPAs Conference December 7-8 Nellis AFB, NV www.crows.org

2011 Patuxent River Roost Conference November 30-December 1 Patuxent River, MD www.paxriverroost.org

Electronic Warfare Symposium December 7-8 Shrivenham, Oxfordshire, UK www.cranfield.ac.uk

JANUARY 42nd Annual Collaborative EW Conference January 24-26 Pt Mugu, CA www.crows.org

FEBRUARY EW India (EWCI 2012) February 13-16 Bangalore, India www.aoc-india.org Singapore Air Show February 14-19 Singapore www.singaporeairshow.com.sg

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Information Operations Europe February 22-23 NATO School, Oberammergau, Germany www.crows.org

MARCH Dixie Crow Symposium March 18-22 Warner Robins, GA www.crows.org Low Probability of Intercept/ELINT Conference March 20-22 Monterey, CA www.crows.org a

AOC events noted in red. For more information, visit www.crows.org.

Patuxent River Roost Naval AEA System of Systems (SOS) Conference 30 November & 1 December 2011 | NAS Patuxent River MD | See http://www.paxriverroost.org 552661_Crane.indd 1

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NOVEMBER Electronic Warfare Update November 8-11 Washington, DC www.crows.org Intelligence Support for Spectrum Operations November 10-11 Washington, DC www.crows.org

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Survey of Electromagnetic Battle Control Applications November 12-13 Washington, DC www.crows.org

Introduction to High-Power Microwaves November 14 La Jolla, CA www.deps.org

Effectiveness Evaluation of Electronic Self Protection November 12-13 Washington, DC www.crows.org

Integration of EA and Cyber Attack November 15 Washington, DC www.crows.org

Introduction to High-Energy Lasers November 14 La Jolla, CA www.deps.org

Modeling and Simulation November 17-18 Washington, DC www.crows.org Survey of EW Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) Applications and Payloads November 17-18 Washington, DC www.crows.org IR Countermeasures November 29-December 2 Atlanta, GA www.pe.gatech.edu

JANUARY Radar Electronic Warfare January 9-13 Shrivenham, Oxfordshire, UK www.cranfield.ac.uk DRFM Executive Overview January 19 Washington, DC www.pe.gatech.edu

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MARCH Aircraft Survivability March 12-16 Shrivenham, Oxfordshire, UK www.cranfield.ac.uk Modeling & Simulation of RF EW Systems March 20-23 Atlanta, GA www.pe.gatech.edu

APRIL DRFM Technology April 3-5 Atlanta, GA www.pe.gatech.edu DIRCM: Technology, Modeling and Testing April 17-19 Atlanta, GA www.pe.gatech.edu Basic RF EW Concepts April 17-19 Atlanta, GA www.pe.gatech.edu a

AOC courses are noted in red. For more info or to register, visit www.crows.org.

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s I presented in my October 2010 inaugural message, I have spent the last year continuing the “sense of urgency” in three key areas vital to the AOC: global engagement with the standup of the AOC Global Programs Directorate and the European Advisory Committee; establishment of the AOC Foundation; and revitalization of the Senior Advisory Board. Over the past year, I have had the opportunity to attend many conferences, discuss many important topics and meet many international industry and military EW leaders on their soil. In each case, I was impressed with the commitment, dedication and deep understanding of the importance of EW and Electromagnetic Spectrum Operations. I am equally awed at the many AOC Chapters that are active, engaged with members and providing benefit to the entire AOC enterprise. As I look back on my year as AOC President, I can say it has been one filled with great experiences, and I deeply appreciate the opportunity vested upon me by this great Association. As I hand the reins over to Laurie Buckhout, I want to thank everyone for their support and wish everyone the very best. Your Association couldn’t be in more capable, dedicated and experienced hands. – Walter Wolf

I

’m feeling very humble as I write this, because I’m taking over as AOC President from one the steadiest, surest men I’ve known. Walt Wolf has built a legacy for us to follow, which puts joy in my heart and fire in my belly. He has helped this community to develop a better understanding of operations in the electromagnetic spectrum, and he has done so in a manner that transcends Services, agencies and nations. Walt has shown that we must collaborate in smarter and better ways to gain control and sovereignty in the EM Domain. One of the key challenges we face today is establishing a fundamentally sound strategy for operations in this domain – one that integrates EW, spectrum management and the vast number of spectrum users under a coherent approach. While the AOC community has grasped this concept and helped it to evolve, we must continue to deliver this message to a wider audience of defense professionals and political leaders. In our defense organizations, long-ingrained institutions give us depth and power, but they also build walls over which their would-be collaborators can neither see nor climb. That’s my charter – to help tear down those walls and to help leaders see how far we can fly without them. The AOC has always pushed boundaries, made people think, knocked down walls and connected our warfighters and leaders and communities and nations – because, to quote Steve Jobs, we’re “the rebels, the troublemakers” – and we’re the ones who will lead this fight on the spectrum until we win it. Now let’s get out there and change the world. – Laurie Moe Buckhout, COL (Ret), USA

Association of Old Crows 1000 North Payne Street, Suite 200 Alexandria, VA 22314-1652 Phone: (703) 549-1600 Fax: (703) 549-2589 PRESIDENT Walter Wolf VICE PRESIDENT Laurie Buckhout SECRETARY Jesse “Judge” Bourque TREASURER David Hime AT LARGE DIRECTORS Michael “Mick” Riley William “Buck” Clemons Steven Umbaugh Cliff Moody Linda Palmer Paul Westcott Robert Elder David Hime Tony Lisuzzo REGIONAL DIRECTORS Southern: Wes Heidenreich Central: Judith Westerheide Northeastern: Nino Amoroso Mountain-Western: Jesse “Judge” Bourque Mid-Atlantic: Bill Tanner Pacific: Joe “JJ” Johnson International I: Robert Andrews International II: Gerry Whitford APPOINTED DIRECTORS Robert Giesler Jim Lovelace Donato D’Angelantonio Thomas Metz IMMEDIATE PAST PRESIDENT Chris Glaze AOC STAFF Don Richetti Executive Director [email protected] Norman Balchunas Director, Operations [email protected] Mike Dolim Director of Education [email protected] Carole H. Vann Director of Administration [email protected] Shelley Frost Director of Convention and Meeting Services [email protected] Kent Barker Conferences Director/FSO [email protected] Glorianne O’Neilin Director of Membership Operations [email protected] Stew Taylor Marketing and Exhibits Manager [email protected] Tanya Miller Member and Chapter Support Manager [email protected] Jennifer Bahler Registrar [email protected] Keith Jordan IT Manager [email protected] Tasha Miller Membership Assistant [email protected]

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t he ARMY RAMPS UP COMMS EW PROGRAM

attack systems that can operate across a wider range of frequencies and collaborate across a network. In order to acquire this new EW capability, the Army is launching the IEWS program in multiple phases, focusing on improving defensive electronic attack (EA) in the near-term and offensive EA in the long-term. In August, the Army hosted an IEWS AOA Outreach Day to discuss its IEWS strategy with industry, academia and other government agencies and to gather input from them. The IEWS is in a requirements development phase at present, and two 12-month AOA studies were recently initiated to help determine the best approaches. One AOA study is focusing on the multi-function EW (MFEW) aspects of the program, specifically the technologies and system concepts that will likely comprise a family of IEWS systems for soldiers, vehicles, fixed sites and unmanned aircraft. The second AOA study is investigating EW Planning and Management Tools (EWPMT) to be used by brigade EW operators (EWOs) to plan and remotely operate networked IEWS nodes across the brigade’s area of responsibility. Today, the Army has virtually nothing available to perform these tasks. The EWPMT will enable EWOs to perform targeting; model EW effects and deconflict with other electromagnetic systems in the battlespace; integrate with fires, intelligence and spectrum management databases; and conduct battle damage assessment. For the past 12-18 months, the Army has been developing and evaluating EA systems that will help the service better understand what it wants from the air and ground portions of MFEW. One of these initiatives, dubbed GATOR, is demonstrating how upgrades to Duke IED jammers can enable it to perform offensive EA missions. GATOR version 1 is already in the field in small quanti-

ties. GATOR version 2, which is slated for an operational evaluation next summer, is focused on fixed-site (rather than vehicular or man-pack) EA operations. For networked man-pack direction finding and electronic attack, the Army’s Intelligence and Information Warfare Directorate (I2WD) has been conducting demonstrations under the Advanced Ground Electronic Warfare System (AGES) project. Another system the Army has been evaluating is the Communications EA with Surveillance and Reconnaissance (CAESAR) pod, which has been deployed oversees on a manned aircraft under a Quick Reaction Capability proof-of-concept program. Capabilities such as these are being used in current operations in order to get user feedback and help refine the IEWS requirement, as well as to support the MFEW and EWPMT AOA studies. A third focus area for Colonel Mentzer’s office is to ensure that Army’s existing inventory of IED jammers remains viable at least through 2017. To support these near-term efforts, the Army is getting ready to launch a third AOA study on defensive EA, explained Ryan. This essentially supports the initial phase of IEWS, which is focusing on integrating new technology into the Duke systems. By the end of next year, the Army expects to have a much better understanding of how it will take its groundbased EW to the next stage of capability, combining networked defensive and offensive EA across many types of platforms that are under the control of brigade commanders. In the meantime, the Army will continue to hold IEWS workshops to keep Army organizations, and the Marines, updated and involved in the program, as well as continuing to work with industry on what technologies are available and what is needed to make IEWS a reality. – J. Haystead and J. Knowles

The Journal of Electronic Defense | November 2011

The US Army is launching a set of studies that will help it determine the path toward its next generation of landbased EW systems, according to Army officials. COL Rod Mentzer, Program Manger for Electronic Warfare at Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, and his deputy, Michael Ryan, told JED the Army is currently conducting two analysis of alternatives (AOA) studies and planning a third in support of the Integrated EW System (IEWS) program. One of these studies will inform its strategy to get more out of its existing improvised explosive device (IED) jammers and the other two are focused on identifying the technologies and planning tools needed to meet emerging land EW requirements. While the US Army has relied on US Navy and US Air Force jamming aircraft to help with the counter-IED and communications EW missions, these assets are in high demand, available in limited numbers and are not consistently available to the brigade commander. What the Army wants is an organic offensive and defensive EW capability for its brigades and smaller units. The primary EW systems operated at the brigade level and below have been IED jammers – basically stand-alone, low-power systems that are designed to provide point defense against a specific class of threats. For the past several years, these have served the Army’s EW needs well. Today, however, the Army has learned much more about the role of EW in modern land warfare. It recognizes these IED jammers merely represent the first step in a larger EW strategy to monitor and jam a much larger target set that includes command and control systems, position navigation and timing (PNT) systems, artillery fuses, ground surveillance radars, and many others. What the Army wants is more powerful electronic

monitor news

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USAF AWARDS COMMS EA POD CONTRACTS The US Air Force has moved into the next phase of its Disruptive Electronic Attack of Communications Networks (DEACON) program, a fast-track effort to develop a communications EA pod that can be flown on the MQ-9 Block V unmanned aerial vehicle and operated in support of ground forces. Last month, the Air Force Research Lab’s Sensors Directorate (Wright-Patterson AFB, OH) awarded four Technology Development (TD) contracts, each worth about $1.75 million, to BAE Systems (Nashua, NH), Boeing (St. Louis, MO), Northrop Grumman (Bethpage, NY) and Raytheon (Fort Wayne, NJ). The 18-month TD phase calls for all four contractors to develop initial system concept designs. During this phase, as many as three of the contractors will be selected to develop and deliver prototype software and hardware (receivers, antenna/array apertures, antenna elements, radomes, beam formers, exciters, power amplifiers, data links, control and display, and associated electronic hardware) for ground and lab demonstrations and, after another review, participate in flight demonstrations. The goal of the TD phase is to mature the EA pod technologies to Technology Readiness Level (TRL) 6 or higher and prepare to transition into an Engineering and Manufacturing Development (EMD) program in 2013. EMD will run for approximately 16 months, followed by production of up to 11 systems in 2014 and 2015. The Air Force hopes to achieve initial operational capability in 2016. The EA pod could represent a new capability for the Air Force. Not only would it be hosted on an unmanned platform, but it could trade some ERP for advanced EA techniques that are subtle and do not alert the victim operator that his systems are being jammed. – J. Knowles

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MARINES SOLICIT DIRECTED ENERGY TECHNOLOGY The US Marine Corps have issued a series of requests for information (RFIs) for sources to provide compact, lightweight high power microwave (HPM) and radio frequency (RF) technologies, antennas and prime-power technologies to enable development of non-lethal directed energy capabilities. 551254_Aselsan.indd 1

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The RFI, issued on behalf of the Joint Non-Lethal Weapons Directorate (JNLWD), which is working to develop longrange directed energy systems that can be integrated onto small tactical vehicles or in a stand-alone configuration, is seeking information on maturing technologies to a technology readiness level (TRL) of 5 or 6. The HPM and RF source technologies (solicitation M6785412JNLW3) underpinning such systems would have to cover frequency ranges from 100 MHz to 10

GHz (with an emphasis on those in the L and S bands). Other key performance specifications include a combined RF/ microwave source and modulator weight of less than 2,200 lbs maximum, with less than 550 lbs as the objective. Compact volume is also desired, with volume of less than 25 cubic feet at the maximum, with less than 6 cubic feet as the desired size for the RF/microwave source, and less than 40 feet max, with less than 10 cubic feet desired for the modulator.

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For the antennas (solicitation M6785412JNLW2), the RFI seeks peak output power of more than 20 MW on the long pulse regime and 50 MW on the short pulse regime with a pulse repetition rate greater than 150 Hz (long pulse) and 300 Hz (short pulse). Also required are gain rates of 25-30 dBi, with the waveguides fed through the high power RFI source. Aperture area of less than 3 square meters is required, with an objective of less than 1.5 square meters. The requested prime power system (solicitation M6785412JNLW1) requires use of JP8 fuel with an average power output from 150 kW to 250 kW and output voltage +/- 10 percent of 345 VDC. JNLWD will host an Industry Day Friday, Nov. 4, to discuss background and technical issues related to the different system components. RFI responses are due by Nov. 30. The point of contact is Gerald Francom, gerald.francom@usmc. mil. – E. Richardson

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The National Air and Space Intelligence Center (NASIC) at Wright-Patterson AFB, OH, has issued a solicitation for a network of ground-based signal monitoring systems that can detect and locate sources of interference (including jamming) to commercial satellite communications. Known as the ARC STORM program, NASIC is seeking a commercial off-theshelf system comprising a network operations center (NOC) and five remotely operated (unmanned) receiver systems. Each remote system will detect, characterize and geolocate sources of interference to commercial satellites. NASIC is specifying remote systems that feature two 2.4-meter antennas and are able to monitor signals from two different satellites simultaneously. In addition, the remote systems must be capable of geolocating satellite uplink emitters using frequency-difference-of-arrival (FDOA) and time-difference-of-arrival (TDOA) techniques. Operating modes include stand-alone and networked geolocation. According to the ARC STORM Statement of Work, each remote system must feature receivers that can geolocate satellite downlink frequencies across

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C-band (3.4-4.2 GHz) and Ku-band (10.75-12.75 GHz), with an option to cover X-band (7.25-7.75 GHz). The NOC will be manned and must be able to perform control, operation and monitoring of each remote site. It must also provide central storage of spectrum monitoring and geolocation data, as well as analysis and even webcam video of each remote site’s antennas. ARC STORM proposals are due on November 7. The point of contact is Kent Anderson, (937) 656-7330, kent.anderson@ wpafb.mil. – JED Staff

US ARMY ISSUES RFI FOR PORTABLE COMINT SYSTEMS

The Journal of Electronic Defense | November 2011

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The US Army has published a request for information (RFI) for 16 transportable radio reconnaissance stations for an undisclosed Foreign Military Sale (FMS) customer. The RFI seeks information from companies that can provide four team-transportable SIGINT systems, with each system comprising four SIGINT stations. Each station must weigh 40 kg or less and be broken down to allow to a two-person signals collection team to carry 20 kg each. The system will be used to detect, identify, record and analyze HF, VHF and UHF (1 MHz-3 GHz) signals at distances up to 15 km. It must also perform direction finding in VHF and UHF bands (20 MHZ-3 GHz) against low-power (5-10 Watts) emitters with an accuracy of 5 degrees RMS. Another

USSOCOM SEEKS NEW RFCM FOR MC-130JS US Special Operations Command (MacDill AFB, FL) is looking for a new RF countermeasures (RFCM) system to be integrated with the self-protection suite on its new MC-130J aircraft. A request for information (RFI) issued last month, specifically seeks production-ready systems (TRL 7 at minimum) and potential system solutions that include internal and wing-mounted systems to allow “safe execution of aerial refueling of SOF vertical lift aircraft; low-level, clandestine infiltration/exfiltration and resupply of special operations teams; armed over-watch; precision identification/targeting of hostile forces; collection of non-traditional signals of interest; and other missions.” The system must detect, identify and provide geolocated threat position data to the aircrafts current situational awareness system and display and be able to determine and implement appropriate countermeasures. The system should also include frequency jamming “to engage multiple threats at different aspect angles simultaneously across the RF frequency range.” Also sought is the ability to provide non-traditional data and signals of interest receiver capability within the system’s frequency range for threat direction and target cueing, as well as information on the RFCM system’s ability to provide additional threat awareness functions, such as electronic support measures (ESM) and radar warning receiver (RWR). – JED Staff

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requirement is detection and monitoring of frequency hopping emitters performing up to 500 hops per second. In its vehicular configuration, the system can be networked via PRC-117G and PRC-152 radios for collaborative operations. One of the stations will be designated a Net Control Station (NCS), requesting lines of bearing from the other DF systems and performing geolocation of emitters. The program point of contact is William Schwartz, (443) 861-4621,

w ill i a m.m.sc hw a r t z.c iv@m a il .m il . – JED Staff

ITT INTRODUCES EXELIS ITT Defense and Information Systems, which is being spun off from its corporate ITT parent, has announced its new identity and organization. The new company, ITT Exelis, will be led by current ITT Defense boss, David Melcher, who will oversee four major business units – Electronic Systems, Geospatial Systems, Information Systems and Missions Systems.

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Chris Bernhardt will continue as president of the Electronic Systems business, which will remain focused on electronic warfare, radar, reconnaissance and communications, as well as other areas such as acoustic systems, weapons carriage and release systems, and composite aerostructures. One of its major products is the ALQ-211 Suite of RF Countermeasures, which has been integrated onto helicopters, fighter aircraft and widebody jets. Another long-running program is the ALQ-214 RF Countermeasures (RFCM) system for the F/A-18E/F Super Hornet. The US Navy plans to retrofit a lighter-weight variant of the ALQ-214 on some of its F/A-18C/D aircraft. In the near-term, one major challenge facing the Electronic Systems business is to sustain revenues as the DOD winds down procurement of two of the company’s major product lines – IED jammers and SINCGARS radios. To help offset this trend, the company is focusing on future EW opportunities, such as the Army’s Common IR Countermeasures (CIRCM) program, the Navy’s Next Generation Jammer and the Army’s Integrated Electronic Warfare System. Further into the future, the company is looking at next-generation systems, for example one that combines radio and communications EW (including IED jamming) functions in a single unit. The company’s other business units will be led by Chris Young (Geospatial Systems), Mike Wilson (Information Systems) and Mike Hunzeker (Mission Systems). The new ITT Exelis name became official on October 31. – J. Knowles

IN BRIEF BAE Systems (Nashua, NH) received a $27.7 million firm-fixed-price and cost-plus-incentive-fee contract from the US Army to provide engineering and manufacturing services for the Tactical Signals Intelligence Payload (TSP). TSP is a podded tactical SIGINT payload providing a full picture of electronic emitters along with the ability to detect, identify, geolocate and copy them. The contract performance period is 18 months.

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NIITEK (Dulles, VA), a division of Chemring, received a $49.5 million contract from the US Army to supply spares for the Husky Mine Detection System (HMDS). Deliveries will be made through March 2012. NIITEK provides the vehicle-mounted ground penetrating radar (GPR) systems for the Husky, which locates buried explosive hazards and is in use by the US Army and Marine Corps.

✪ ✪ ✪ ITT Electronic Systems (Thousand Oaks, CA) has been awarded a $103 million firm-fixed-price contract from Naval Sea Systems Command to provide 3,351 Band-C upgrade kits, spares, engineering support services hours and data to upgrade fielded Counter Radio-Controlled Electronic Warfare Vehicle Receiver/Jammer (CVRJ) systems. Work is expected to be complete by January 2013.

✪ ✪ ✪ BAE Systems (Nashua, NH) has received a $47 million indefinite-delivery, indefinite-quantity cost-plus-fixed-fee contract for the NAVWAR Trinity pro-

gram, which is developing a navigation warfare sensor to replace traditional global positioning system (GPS) receivers on various DOD platforms. Among its capabilities, the new GPS receiver will detect and geolocate sources of GPS interference or jamming.

✪ ✪ ✪ Defense Support Services (Greenville, SC) was awarded an $8 million indefinite-delivery/indefinite-quantity contract from the US Air Force for the installation of the AAQ-24(V) Large Aircraft Infrared Countermeasures (LAIRCM) system on nine C-5B and nine C-5M aircraft. ASC/WLSK, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio, is the contracting activity.

✪ ✪ ✪ Sierra Nevada Corporation (Sparks, NV) is receiving a modification to an existing sole-source contract from Naval Sea Systems Command to acquire an additional 600 dismounted Counter Radio-Controlled IED (CREW) 3.1 systems, spares and engineering sup-

port service time to meet urgent DOD requirements.

✪ ✪ ✪ Operations Support Technologies (West Melbourne, FL) has received a $2.4 million contract for provision of Digital Signals Training System (DSTS) to replicate threat communication for the purposes of providing pre-deployment intelligence training. The system will support multi-functional team training for the Military Intelligence Battle Surveille Brigade (BfSB), Brigade Combat Team (BCT) and any intelligence team with a tactical SIGINT mission.

✪ ✪ ✪ The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) issued a market survey to solicit statements of interest and capabilities from interested vendors for procurement of VHF directional finding antennas. The agency has a requirement to purchase five site/tower-mounted VHF antennas (108-250 MHz), with 360degree azimuth coverage with weatherized and vibration-proof elements for

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use on portable towers and suitable for mounting on a 50-foot tower mast.

✪ ✪ ✪ The US Air Force EW/Avionics Division at Robins AFB, GA has announced plans to award a sole source contract to the Georgia Tech Research Institute (Atlanta, GA) for engineering services in support of the C-130 and other large aircraft EW systems integration and enhanced situational awareness (ESA) advanced situational awareness

and countermeasures (ASACM) sustainment integration. The contract goal is to integrate several EW systems to improve threat warning capability and to investigate any problems with the system.

✪ ✪ ✪ General Dynamics C4 Systems (Scottsdale, AZ) has received a sole source, cost-plus-fixed-fee follow on contract from the US Army Program Executive Office for Simulation, Train-

ing and Instrumentation (PEO STRI) for the Threat Information Operations System (TIOS), formerly known as RAVEN. The contract calls for the work to design, develop, operate and maintain threat signal simulators to support electronic attack (EA), electronic support (ES) and computer network operations (CNO) for the test and evaluation of US systems, including the operation and maintenance of actual threat EA/ ES systems. The contract is for one year, with four one-year options and a ceiling of $84.5 million.

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The program will improve the technical and analytical skills of EW engineers and the payoff is immediate. Students can apply the course work directly to their current jobs. Students complete three sets of courses, each leading to a certificate.

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Certificates include: &8&OHJOFFSt+PVSOFZNBO&8&OHJOFFSt4FOJPS&8&OHJOFFS Courses taken to earn the three certificates may be applied toward the MEng(EE) degree.

Instruction mode

tVideo-teleconferencing (VTC) streamed real time or podcast

Crane Electronics (Fort Walton Beach, FL) has received a $5.1 million contract from the US Air Force to provide spares for the Band 4-5 high voltage power supply on ALQ-131 electronic countermeasures pods. The firm-fixed-price contract has five 12-month ordering periods.

✪ ✪ ✪

Eligibility

tGovernment civilians and contractors with a technical background (uniformed military on a space available basis)

Requirements

tBSEE degree or a degree in a related field with a 3.0 GPA or better

Curriculum

tRadar, EM sensors and signatures tJoint and network-enabled EW systems tAntennas and propagation tMicrowave Devices tEO/IR and optical systems

More Information Program Academic Associate Dr. David Jenn (831) 656-2254 t[email protected]

www.nps.edu/ece

DEPARTMENT OF

EELECTRICAL and COMPUTER ENGINEERING Naval Postgraduate School N

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Digital Receiver Technology (Germantown, MD) has received a sole source contract for $158,985 from the US Army to provide three DRT9957A Tactical Transmit Receive Amplifier Modules (TacTram) and an additional two-year product warranty. The DRT9957A is a portable, ruggedized system that improves the performance of DRT personal communications systems and interacts with the DRT1301C+ SIGINT receiver.

6/20/11 1:40:19 PM

The Air Force Research Laboratory (Rome, NY) is seeking sources to operate, maintain and modernize the Automated Virtual Information Production Support System (AVIPSS) automated threat information production system of the National Air and Space Intelligence Center (NASIC). AVIPSS includes the Systematic Architecture for Virtual Analytic NetCentric Threat Intelligence (SAVANT) system, the Next Generation Electronic Warfare Integrated Reprogramming (EWIR) System (NGES) and the Foreign Media Collaboration Framework (FMCF). AFRL is expected to issue a request for proposals soon. a

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SENATOR CALLS FOR COUNTER-MANPAD PROTECTION ON CIVILIAN AIRCRAFT In late September, US Sen. Barbara Boxer (D-CA) sent a letter to Secretary of Defense Leon Panetta and Homeland Security Secretary Janet Napolitano urging establishment of a joint DOD-DHS program for protection of commercial aircraft from shoulder-fired missiles. The issue is not a new one for DHS. In 2003, the agency began a three-year program to develop and evaluate counterman portable air defense system (MANPADS) protection for commercial airliners. The program saw Northrop Grumman and BAE systems develop two civilian variants of their respective military directed infrared countermeasures (DIRCM) systems, with a focus on affordability and reliability for use by large commercial airlines. However, even with a price-tag reduced to roughly $1 million per aircraft, it was clear that a true and imminent threat would be required for a commercial airline industry still struggling in the aftermath of 9/11 to justify the expense of buying and maintaining such systems. However, the recent action in Libya seems to have revived the issue for Senator Boxer. “The risk to commercial aircraft posed by shoulder-fired missiles has long been acknowledged by the national security community,” Boxer wrote in her letter. “Recent reporting of unaccounted for missiles in Libya is yet another reminder of this threat.” News reports have suggested that 5,000 shoulder-fired MANPADS may be unaccounted for in Libya, giving rise to concerns that the number of weapons “loose” in the country could flood the black market with IR threats that terrorist organizations could obtain and use to attack commercial aircraft. The news release from the Senator’s office cites a July 2011 report from the State Department noting that more than 40 civilian aircraft have been hit by shoulder-fired missiles since the 1970s and that while military aircraft frequently have protections against MANPADS, commercial airlines (with the exception of Israeli air carriers) do not. Boxer’s letter quotes the same report: “in the hands of terrorists, criminals, or other non-state actors… shoulder-fired anti-aircraft missiles pose a serious threat to passenger air travel, the commercial aviation industry and military aircraft around the world.” Boxer calls for DOD and DHS to create a joint program to revisit the issue of commercial aircraft protection, with the objective of deploying counter-

MANAPAD systems on wide-body passenger planes that carry the most people and fly internationally, to protect, she writes, “more than 2 billion passengers over 20 years.” She wants the new joint program to pursue improved system reliability and life-cycle costs of the two systems tested under the original DHS program – Northrop Grumman’s Guardian system and BAE Systems’ JetEye. Boxer also noted the need to resolve export control issues so the systems could be sold overseas. Whether this new push will actually result in advancement of this program for US commercial airliners will likely hinge on perceived threat versus costs and the continuing argument about who should pay for it – the government or the airlines. The costs are likely to be prohibitive – even at a reduced cost of $1 million per system, the estimated cost for outfitting 500 aircraft comes to $6 billion over 20 years. In addition, an imminent threat may be difficult to demonstrate, barring an actual incident. – E. Richardson MORE SPECTRUM BEING EVALUATED FOR BROADBAND USE As the government continues to try to find spectrum it can allocate for commercial telecommunications purposes, last month the Commerce Department identified another 1,500 MHz it thinks may be suitable for wireless broadband use. The National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA) issued its Second Interim Report in late October, targeting 1473.9 MHz of federal spectrum in 11 blocks between 406.1 MHz and 4.4 GHz. The new report focuses specifically on 95 MHz in two consecutive spectrum blocks between 1755 MHz and 1850 MHz. Sixteen federal agencies hold 3,000 frequency assignments in this band, including the DOD, and uses include electronic warfare, military tactical radio, air combat training systems and land-mobile robotic video functions, such as explosive ordnance disposal, among many others. Each agency covered in this area of the spectrum has submitted reports to NTIA detailing the prerequisites, timetables and costs for relocating to other frequencies. The agency is summarizing the analysis of that information for another report coming this fall. The 1,500 MHz NTIA is evaluating also includes three blocks of 385 MHz that the agency put on fast track for evaluation last year, having determined that 115 MHz of that space could be assigned for broadband use within five years, though the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) is reviewing how that could be accomplished. – JED Staff a

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NATO HOLDS EMBOW XIII EXERCISE On October 11, France completed hosting NATO’s biannual Embow airborne infrared (IR) countermeasures exercise. The event involved aircraft from 10 NATO members and Allied nations, with missions flown from Cazaux air base, near France’s Atlantic coast and Landivisiau naval air station in Brittany to the north. During the exercise, aircraft over-flew the Direction Générale de l’Armement (DGA/French Armaments Procurement Agency) missile test range at Biscarrosse, also located on the Atlantic coast, and evaluated the performance of their IR self protection systems against a range of simulated IR threats and captive IR seekers. Flights commenced on September 21 and on average, five aircraft per day flew sorties over Biscarrosse. Aircraft deployed to the Embow exercise included a mix of rotary and fixed-wing platforms. These included Italian AgustaWestland A129CBT and French Eurocopter EC-665 Tigre HAP attack helicopters, Boeing CH-47C Chinook heavy lift and NH Industries NH90 medium-lift helicopters, also from Italy. Several nations contributed Lockheed Martin C-130H/H-30 transport aircraft, including Belgium, The Netherlands, Turkey and New Zealand. Other participating cargo aircraft included a French Airbus Military C212 turboprop owned by the DGA which flew with a Cassidian AAR-60 MILDS (Missile Launch Detection System) onboard, plus Alenia C-27J Spartan cargo aircraft from Italy and Spanish Airbus Military C-295 freighters flying with the Manta directed IR countermeasures (DIRCM) system. Fast jets flying against the threats at Biscarrosse included Lockheed Martin F-16A/C aircraft from Belgium, The Netherlands and Poland, plus Spanish Boeing EF-18, Dassault Mirage 2000s from France and Italian Panavia Tornado ICS/ECR aircraft. Germany also contributed a Lockheed Martin P-3C Orion maritime patrol aircraft to the exercise. The performance of the aircraft and their EW systems against the IR threats will be shared among the participating nations: For France, the results from the Embow exercise are handed to the EPIGE (Escadron de Programmation et d’Instruction en Guerre Électronique/Electronic Warfare Programming and Instruction Squadron) at Mont-de-Marsan airbase in southwest France. EPIGE is tasked with designing release and dispersal programs for French air force and navy chaff and flare countermeasures systems. – T. Withington

IN BRIEF: ❍ Brazil’s Embraer SA has selected Elbit Systems’ Brazilian subsidiary, AEL SISTEMAS SA (Porto Alegre), to supply self-protection EW systems for new KC-390 military transport and refueling aircraft that are being built for the Força Aérea Brasileira (Brazilian Air Force). Under the terms of a deal valued at $25 million, the company will provide a self-protection suite, directed IR countermeasures (DIRCM) system and a head-up display for the crew. The current order covers two KC-390 development aircraft, with initial flight tests planned for 2014. Embraer plans to deliver the aircraft to the Força Aérea Brasileira in 2016. The FAB could eventually buy 20-25 KC-390s. ❍ India’s MOD has selected one of the country’s private sector company’s, Tata Power Strategic Electronics Division (SED), to supply two Integrated Electronic Warfare Systems for Mountainous Terrain (IEWS-MT) for the Indian Army under a contract valued at $185 million, according to press reports. The IEWS-MT will perform communications intelligence (COMINT) and electronic intelligence (ELINT) collection and emitter geolocation, as well as jamming. It will be mounted on vehicles designed to operate in the mountainous terrain along the Chinese border in northeastern India. Tata was selected ahead of bids from Israel’s Elta and domestic manufacturers Bharat Electronics Ltd. and Indian Telephone Industries. ❍ Australia’s Defence Minister, Stephen Smith, said that as many as 12 of the Royal Australian Air Force’s 24 new F/A-18F Super Hornets could be configured for EW missions, according to Australian press reports. The so-called Growler Lite configuration would add the ALQ-218 ESM system to the aircraft. This will give the RAAF improved emitter detection and geolocation capabilities, via multiship, networked ESM systems. It is not clear if the RAAF will request the sale of ALQ-99 jamming pods from the US government at this time. The US Navy and US Marine Corps are using most of the current inventory of ALQ-99 pods for their EA-6B Prowler and EA-18G Growler aircraft. However, the US Navy could replace their ALQ-99s in the next decade with a new family of Next Generation Jammer (NGJ) pods. This would enable the RAAF to select between the ALQ-99 pods or a newer system, such as Elisra’s ALQ-903. ❍ The French MOD has finalized plans to upgrade its four E-2C Hawkeye airborne early warning and control aircraft. Under the terms of the proposed deal, the aircraft will be upgraded with new APX-122 Identification, Friend of Foe (IFF) Mode 5/S interrogator and transponder systems from BAE Systems and ALQ-217 electronic support measures systems from Lockheed Martin MS2. The ALQ-217s will replace older ALR-73 ESM systems currently installed on the aircraft. The total cost of the deal, which is being conducted through US Foreign Military Sales channels, is estimated to be $180 million. a

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Networking and UCAVs Modernize the Lethal SEAD Mission By John Haystead

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In theory, there are many potential approaches to destroying or “lethally suppressing” an adversary’s land-based air defense capabilities, but the extent and assuredness of fully accomplishing the mission varies dramatically – as does the risk of collateral damage. To destroy fixed or permanent elements of an enemy’s integrated air defense system (IADS), the mission is relatively straightforward, the number of possible weapon systems many and the confidence of success as good as the intelligence information used to program them. Historically, the US has used long-range cruise missiles as the primary weapon of choice for such targets, but recently, other air-launched GPS/ INS-enabled weapon systems, released

from stand-off ranges, have also become increasingly suitable for such targets. Throughout most of the Cold War, the lethal SEAD mission was shaped around the concept that if NATO aircraft attacked enemy targets, then the enemy would use (among other things) its surface-to-air missiles (SAMs) to attack the NATO aircraft. Because of this expected enemy response, NATO aircraft could send in a first wave of lethal SEAD aircraft to preemptively target the hostile radars associated with the SAMs, thus reducing the air defense threat to a more manageable level for followon strike missions. The validity of this doctrine was borne out in during the 1991 Gulf War against Iraq, when the US and its coalition partners launched

several days of preemptive SEAD strikes (primarily using F-4G, EA-6B and ECR Tornado aircraft) on Iraq’s air defense elements before air superiority was established and other types of more conventional targets were eventually attacked. That war, however, was the last time an adversary was so compliant about following a “text book” approach to air defense. The reality of today’s battlespace is that most air-defense assets are well concealed and frequently mobile, relying on technology and tactics that minimize their radar emissions until they reveal themselves through a sudden and deadly attack. In most US- and NATO-led air campaigns over the past two decades, the enemy has been less

In other words, systems capable of performing a reactive lethal SEAD mission.

THE VENERABLE ARM

AARGM The US Navy’s dedicated approach to meeting the changing air-defense threat is the new, supersonic, mediumrange AGM-88E Advanced Anti-radiation Guided Missile (AARGM). AARGM is being developed for the Navy by ATK Missile Products Group (Baltimore, MD), in conjunction with MBDA and the Italian Air Force. It incorporates a GPS and inertial navigation system, as well as an active millimeter wave (MMW) radar seeker in addition to a new digital antiradiation homing seeker. An Integrated Broadcast Service Receiver (IBS-R), and a weapon-impact reporting transmitter were also incorporated into the AARGM requirement during system development and demonstration (SDD). The IBS-R allows the missile to receive targeting information from “National assets” while it is still on the aircraft, and the weapons impact transmitter reports fusing status just prior to impact, also to National assets. The AARGM does not currently have a data link capability to receive updated targeting information after launch, but it can rely on its GPS guidance system to restrict its target area and its terminal MMW seeker can continue providing terminal guidance in the event of target-radar shutdown. Recently, the AARGM successfully completed integration flight tests on EA-18G Growler and FA-18E/F aircraft. It is currently planned for FA-18C/D, FA-18E/F, EA-18G and Italian Air Force Tornado ECR aircraft. The AARGM is also designed for compatibility with the F-35, EA-6B and F-16 aircraft ATK is currently in low-rate initial production (LRIP) of the system, with plans calling for initial operational test and evaluation (OPEVAL) to begin later this year. Bill Kasting, VP and General Manager for ATK’s Defense Electronic Systems Division within the Missile Products Group, expects OPEVAL to continue

The Journal of Electronic Defense | November 2011

compliant about trying to engage every aircraft flying into its airspace. Instead, the enemy has typically opted for a strategy that husbands air defense assets and pursued “sniper” tactics by keeping its radars silent and waiting until a good opportunity appears in which to “come up” and shoot down one enemy aircraft. In this realm, the ability to immediately detect, locate and destroy the threat with a high-speed weapon system is the only certain defense. For this reason, although air defense sites can be potentially destroyed by all manner of munitions, the lethal SEAD systems discussed in this article will be limited to those capable of immediately detecting (via radar emission) and destroying an enemy air defense system in real-time.

Although the lethal SEAD missions in the Vietnam War began with “dumb” bombs, the main weapon of choice for the past forty years has been the antiradiation missile (ARM). Weapons, such as the US-made AGM-88 High-Speed Anti-Radiation Missile (HARM) and the British-made Air-Launched Anti-Radiation Missile (ALARM) can be cued by an aircraft’s emitter targeting system prior to launch, or they can be released preemptively and attack any lurking radars that “come up” quickly – in either case, relying on the missile’s antiradiation homing seeker to follow the enemy radar’s emissions to its source. In the case of the HARM, its effectiveness comes both from its threat-destruction capabilities, as well as the fear it commands from air defense forces – severely limiting their willingness to attempt an attack, when in the process, they may make a target of themselves. As mentioned earlier, however, the effectiveness of the HARM has been somewhat curtailed over time with the development of new countermeasures and tactics, some as simple as limiting the on-air time of SAM targeting radars – briefly popping up to target and fire and then immediately shutting down again. This tactic has not only proven effective, but has highlighted a weakness of early HARM systems, their total reliance on following a threat-radar’s emissions for guidance. It’s not hard to envisage the potential problems posed by an unguided supersonic missile looking for a new radar target to home-in on. Add to this, the development of advanced SAM systems with low-power, highly-directional frequency-agile radar systems, and it’s clear that improvements, or an alternative to, the HARM’s existing capabilities are needed. As outlined to JED by official sources at the US Air Force’s Air Combat Command (ACC) at Langley AFB, VA, “the processing speed of modern and future computers will shrink the timeline from acquisition to launch of threat systems. As such, lethal SEAD needs to acquire the threat radar and engage within a shorter timeline. We should be able to target sys-

tems at our time of choosing – preemptive SEAD. And, we need the ability to recognize and target (geo-locate) complex radar systems either by the SEAD aircraft or munitions in a contested EMS environment. Systems will need to detect and geo-locate modern air defense systems near real time. “

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through the fall into the beginning of next year and is hopeful for a full-rate production decision from the Navy sometime in the spring of 2012. MBDA will share the weapon system production, building all of the control sections for the Italian Air Force, as well as part of the front-end seeker for all of the missiles including those for the US Navy. The Navy’s FY 2012 procurement request includes $73.3 million for AARGM and an additional $6.7 million in its RDT&E budget request.

LEGACY HARM MODERNIZATION The US Air Force’s approach to upgrading the HARMs it currently owns (primarily AGM-88C models) is the HARM Control Section Modification (HCSM) program – an outgrowth of Raytheon Missile Systems’ (Tucson, AZ), earlier HARM Destruction of Enemy Air Defense (HDAM) effort. Though the US Navy is the lead executive agent for HARM, the HCSM effort is being managed by, and exclusively for, the Air Force at this point in time, which has requested $25.6 million in the FY2012 defense budget for the program.

Basically, B i ll HCSM adds dd an iinertial ti l navigation system/GPS guidance capability to the HARM. As described by Chuck Pinney, Raytheon’s HARM Program Director, however, the HCSM upgrade also includes a high-speed digital processor and memory unit con-

a di digital the ““area off ttaining i i it l map off th responsibility.” This area of responsibility is established by the pilot during pre-flight planning, and it defines both the missile impact zone, as well as “zones of exclusion,” that strictly limit where the missile can strike. Pinney

The Journal of Electronic Defense | November 2011

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explained, “One might notionally envisage a scenario in which the threat has reduced its emissions or applied some kind of counter-tactic. Now, using pre-programmed precision navigation, you can launch on a trajectory that will put you into the bubble, so that when you do pick up those emissions, you can successfully guide into the target or just choose to engage the non-emitting target with GPS-type accuracy.” Lt Col Chad Baker of the US Air Force serves as Materiel Leader for the Lethal

SEAD/DEAD Program Manager at Eglin Air Force Base, FL. He says the objective of the HCSM program is to improve the AGM-88C’s capability against precisely located targets. “The benefits gained include an increased probability of kill against location-known targets, as well as significant reduction in the risk of collateral damage and fratricide when targets are placed in close proximity to civilian infrastructure or population.” Raytheon is in competition with ATK Missile Products Group (Baltimore, MD),

The Journal of Electronic Defense | November 2011

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for the HCSM program with a full-rate production decision expected from the Air Force in the summer of 2012. According to Lieutenant Colonel Baker, this will be quickly followed by a source selection for production of 500 HCSM units, “based on the lowest-price, technically-acceptable solution,” he said. ATK’s HCSM offering is based on the same control section the company has developed for the US Navy’s AARGM missile program. As described by ATK’s Bill Kasting “from a pure capability perspective, the offerings are effectively the same from both competitors,” But he points out that with ATK’s version of the HCSM, it will be possible to convert Air Force HARMs to the full AARGM capability by also swapping the HARM’s front-end seeker with that of the AARGM, “which won’t be the case with the competitive offering.” According to Kasting, ATK has successfully completed integration of its common control section on the F-16 to potentially meet international interest. “Obviously, the F-16 will be the platform out there with many nations.” Whether the USAF will have any future interest in the AARGM option is not clear, however, given that it has already opted out of the AARGM program, and as Raytheon’s Pinney notes, “the Air Force has placed significant emphasis on meeting the core upgrade requirement at the lowest per-unit price point.” The HCSM program does not currently call for a data link to the missile after launch, although Pinney observes that the launching platform will have the capability to incorporate sensor data from multiple sources. Another factor, however, is that the Air Force’s lethal SEAD strategy currently depends heavily on the use of the Raytheon AN/ASQ-213 HARM Targeting System (HTS), which is already integrated on the service’s F-16CJ aircraft. With this approach, the location and targeting function is performed by the launching aircraft’s HTS, or by an HTS system on another F-16CJ. The latest version of the HTS, known as HTS Revision 7 (HTS R7) generates very rapid and accurate emitter targeting information by sharing emitter location data with other HTS R7 equipped F-16CJs over a

network. On an F-16CJ, this multi-ship targeting information is good enough to cue a HARM or it can be used to cue AN/AAQ-33 Sniper electro-optic targeting pods that are also fitted onto the aircraft. The Sniper enables the use of precison guided munitions, such as the AGM-154 JDAM. When the Air Force chose to add this precision attack capability to its F-16CJ fleet about 10 years ago, it dubbed the capability Destruction of Enemy Air Defenses (DEAD) in order to reflect its superior accuracy

and lethality over HTS/HARM-type solutions, especially in situations where the targeted radar shuts down quickly. The HTS R7 version adds a precision geolocation capability to the HTS for targeting Precision Guided Munitions (PGMs), such as the JDAM and JSOW. F-16 Block 50/52 aircraft are able to carry both the AN/ASQ-213 HTS R7 Pod and an Advanced Targeting Pod (ATP). As noted in the Air Force’s FY2012 RDT&E budget proposal for “Manned Destructive Suppression,” the HTS is currently its “only

programmed reactive SEAD capability and represents its near-term solution for reactive time critical targeting until the mission can be transferred to F-35 or a yet to be defined system.” The Air Force is requesting $13.3 million for the HTS program in FY2012. As observed by ACC officials, “Both [on-aircraft and autonomous targeting and tracking] capabilities are important to the lethal SEAD mission. You cannot forgo the aircraft capability and rely solely on the weapon. You need the flexibility in making targeting decisions to optimize what assets are available for a timely attack and share information with other systems in the airspace. Munitions with an autonomous ability to find and target the systems of interest would put fewer SEAD aircraft and crews at risk, and be more responsive. This would also provide manned aircraft with a greater stand-off capability. Rules of Engagement (ROE) would influence the use of this type weapon.”

BEYOND HARM The Air Force is also working on a different, multi-role approach to the lethal SEAD requirement through development of the Next Generation Missile (NGM), formerly known as the Dual Role Air Dominance Missile (DRADM). Intended to replace both the AIM-120 AMRAAM and AGM-88 HARM, and to be carried internally in the F-35 and F-22, the Air Force Research Laboratory’s Munitions Directorate (AFRL/RWK), at Eglin AFB issued a Technology Demonstration BAA solicitation for the program in March of 2009. In support of the NGM effort, the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency has awarded a pair of contracts to work on maturing NGM technology through its Triple Target Terminator (T3) program. Raytheon has shown a mockup version of the missile with a variable flow ducted rocket (VFDR) or ramjet design, while Boeing’s conceptual demonstrations have incorporated a solid rocket engine. Lockheed Martin, teamed with Northrop Grumman, is also reportedly interested in the program. The Air Force’s R&D budget proposal in the FY2012 defense budget calls for $30 million for Advanced Development of DRADM technology.

The Journal of Electronic Defense | November 2011

38

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DATA LINKS AND NETWORKING WIDEN LETHAL SEAD FIELD While debate continues on the best approach to implementing anti-radiation missiles for lethal SEAD, technological development in other targeting, data link and networking systems has inevitably raised the question as to the need for specially dedicated lethal SEAD weaponry at all. The emergence of real-time data links and inter-platform networking has potentially greatly expanded the number of weapon systems

and types that can be employed in the real-time lethal SEAD arena. Networking allows the ESM capabilities of one platform to provide targeting data in real-time to any number of other platforms and weapon systems. For example, a specialized SIGINT or EW aircraft, as well as any aircraft equipped with the HTS R7 pod, can provide emitter geolocation information to other aircraft carrying GPS-guided munitions in a well networked force. Certainly unmanned aircraft also become much more capa-

The Journal of Electronic Defense | November 2011

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ble in this networked environment. As commented upon by ACC sources, “Data links are, and should be, developed to pass battlespace threat information to friendly aircraft for situation awareness. For SEAD, links should be used to update and refine threat data for targeting or avoidance. Information must get to the “right people” in time to successfully accomplish the mission, and data links will have to be able to operate in contested electronic environments.” The Network Centric Collaborative Targeting (NCCT) program is the USAF’s program of record to develop the core technology needed to rapidly correlate, fuse and distribute multi-source, multi-sensor data for “timely detection, identification and geo-location of timesensitive and high priority targets,” in support of operational system development. L-3 Communications Concept Division (Rockwall, TX) is the prime contractor for the program, which will link battle management (BM), command and control (C2) and ISR assets and systems including RC-135 Rivet Joint, C-130 Senior Scout, EC-130H Compass Call, E-8C Joint STARS, as well as National assets. The Air Force has requested $7.4 million in FY2012 R&D funding for the program. One example of a multi-role weapon system that could potentially be employed in such a net-enabled lethal SEAD role is the Joint Standoff Weapon (JSOW) made by Raytheon Missile Systems. The standard AGM-154 JSOW glide weapon uses GPS/INS guidance, as well as a terminal IR seeker, and its range of approximately 70 nmi is generally considered an adequate stand-off range for attacking most air defense systems. The new “C-1” variant of the JSOW incorporates new advanced IR seeker algorithms and a “two-way strike common weapon datalink” (Link 16) to the system, potentially making it significantly more suitable for a lethal SEAD role. Currently intended as an antiship weapon, the “net-enabled” JSOW C-1 recently completed a free-flight test against a moving maritime target. Launched from an F/A-18F Super Hornet, the C-1 received in-flight target updates from Raytheon’s AN/ASQ-228 Advanced Targeting Forward Looking Infrared (ATFLIR) pod via Link 16. As described

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by Phyllis McEnrow, Raytheon JSOW Program Director, the ATFLIR pod does not need to be located on the launching aircraft. Terminal guidance to a predetermined aimpoint is provided by the IR seeker. SOW C-1 initial operational capability (IOC) is scheduled for some time in 2013. It is currently being integrated into the F/A-18E/F and is also planned for use on the F-35. McEnrow believes the JSOW C-1 is “definitely appropriate for the lethal SEAD mission. The C-1 is suitable for

land targets as well as ships, and as a networked weapon, any enhancements or additional sensors that come onto the network can improve its capability. McEnrow points to the C-1’s recent Joint Capability Technology Demonstration (JCTD) involving the Raytheon/Boeing Littoral Surveillance Radar System (LSRS), a wide-aperture active electronically scanned array (AESA) surveillance radar now operational on P-3 Orion aircraft. “The JCTD proved the JSOW C-1’s third-party targeting capability,” she

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The Journal of Electronic Defense | November 2011

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explained, “demonstrating that an F-18 could launch the JSOW which could be guided to its target by a separate platform standing-off at much great range. The JCTD program of record is currently the ATFLIR and AESA targeting source, but other sources could certainly be used as well. You now have a weapon that can be handed off from one targeting platform to another.” Raytheon is also developing an extended-range variant of the JSOW that equips the weapon with a MALD-J engine. The JSOW-ER (extended range) would have a range of 300 nmi, which in the C-1 networked configuration, would potentially provide more than adequate standoff capability for both targeting and launching platforms. The ER variant is not currently a program of record with the Navy, but Raytheon is in discussion regarding it. When precisely and immediately directed to a threat system via a networked radar-emission detection system, Boeing’s (St. Louis, MO) GPSenabled Joint Direct Attack Munition (JDAM) kit is another potential candidate for use in the lethal SEAD role, particularly with the addition of a laser sensor for terminal guidance in the Laser JDAM version. In March of this year, NAVAIR awarded Boeing an $8 million low rate initial production (LRIP) contract for 700 Laser JDAM kits. The JDAM guidance kits convert several types of existing unguided freefall bombs into “near-precision” guided weapons, and the JDAM Extended Range (JDAM ER) configuration, currently in co-development and demonstration with Times Aerospace Korea, LLC (TAK) is intended to increase the JDAMs standoff range to approximately 40 miles. The baseline JDAM has been sold to the US Air Force and the US Navy, as well as to 22 international customers.

UNMANNED SEAD Without question, the advent of networked systems and platforms in the battlespace is throwing the door wide open to the greater use unmanned combat air vehicles (UCAVs). This is certainly the case in the SEAD arena with their potential use as unmanned stand-in jamming platforms as well as the lethal

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suppression mission. Already, UCAVs are being outfitted with a wide array of sensor packages and weapon systems potentially suitable to the task. Current generation UCAVs include the RQ-1 Predator and MQ-1/MQ-9 Reaper aircraft. Although originally designed for an ISR role, their ability to dwell for long periods while using a variety of ESM, radar and EO/IR sensors to search for ground targets and then engage them with GPS- and laser-guided weapons has earned this first generation of UCAVs a reputation as very reliable strike platforms. While they can be used to attack some types of air defense systems, their slow speed, poor maneuverability and limited self-protection capabilities make them more suited for hunting conventional ground targets rather than escorting strike packages in a lethal SEAD role. However, next generation UCAV systems, such as the US Air Force’s alreadyoperational Lockheed Martin RQ-170 “Sentinel” and the Navy’s X-47B, which is in development with Northrop Grumman, have more to offer for lethal SEAD missions. Both jet-powered platforms

fly at much higher speeds than earliergeneration UCAVs and their stealth design allows them to operate with more freedom in a dense threat environment in either a lethal SEAD or support jamming role. These aircraft can be equipped with advanced ESM systems to perform multi-ship emitter targeting and they can carry a variety of munitions for use against air defense systems (among other ground targets). This second generation of UCAVs are widely expected to take on a growing share of the lethal SEAD mission from their manned counterparts, such as the F-16CJ and the EA-18G in the coming decades.

WILD WEASELS EVERYWHERE While more aircraft and munitions are being brought to bear in support of the lethal SEAD mission, perhaps the most significant development is the advent of fifth-generation fighters, such as the F-22 and F-35. By combining stealth technology, AESA radar and advanced ESM (with multiship targeting capability) into what will become the backbone of US air power in the next two decades,

the US will possess a formidable lethal SEAD capability that can perform both preemptive and reactive SEAD missions with great effect. For the first time in air warfare, lethal SEAD capability will transition from low-density, high-demand aircraft to platforms that will comprise the majority of the US combat aircraft inventory. This is not to say that the radar-guided SAM threat is about to become irrelevant. Far from it in fact. Double-digital SAMs, especially systems such as the Russian-made S-300PMU2 and the S-400, will pose a formidable challenge to all combat aircraft in the coming decades. But the air power facing these threats will be able to play the role of hunter instead of being the hunted. Ultimately, the final shape of the lethal SEAD mission force will be as much a function of doctrine, battlespace strategy, mission planning, and allocation of resources, as it is of technological capability. But, whatever approach is taken will demand that the right mix of sensors, launching platforms, weapon systems and reliable, efficient networking be in place, when they’re needed. a

The Journal of Electronic Defense | November 2011

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The Journal of Electronic Defense | November 2011

46

While the history of anti-ship guided weapons can be traced right back to the air-launched HS.293 and Fritz-X radiocontrolled glide bombs deployed by the Luftwaffe during World War II, it was the sinking of the Israeli destroyer Eilat in October 1967 that provided navies worldwide with a wake-up call as to the potency of a new genre of antiship cruise missiles (ASCMs). Operating about 14 miles off the Egyptian coast, Eilat was first disabled, and later sunk, by P-15 (SS-N-2 “Styx”) radar-guided missiles fired by Project 183R Komarclass fast attack craft operating just outside of Port Said. In response, naval forces began to invest in “soft-kill” defenses, with multibarrel chaff decoy launcher systems, such as the US RBOC (rapid blooming offboard countermeasures) and the British Corvus, being installed on major surface combatants as a matter of urgency. These early systems were designed to counter the radio frequency (RF) seeker associated with Styx, this being a rudimentary fixed-frequency pulse system characterized by a relatively wide range gate. Indeed, the Israeli Navy ably demonstrated the effective use of soft-kill electronic deception techniques to decoy Styx missiles fired from Syrian missile craft during the second day of the 1973 Yom Kippur war.

But the ASCM threat did not stand still. The arrival of Exocet and Harpoon in the 1970s heralded a new wave of missiles that combined the attributes of a sea-skimming flight profile, a low radar cross section (RCS) and more sophisticated radar seekers with much narrower range gates. Missiles employing infrared (IR) terminal seekers had also arrived on the scene. The brutal realities of the sea-skimming ASCM threat were brought home to the UK Royal Navy (RN) in the South Atlantic in 1982, and the US Navy in the Persian Gulf in 1987. The widespread export of Exocet and the emergence of a fearsome Soviet anti-ship arsenal – typified by the supersonic 3M80 Moskit (SS-N-22 “Sunburn”) – subsequently prompted investment in a first generation of active offboard decoy systems. Fast forward to 2011, and one finds that the ASCM threat continues to proliferate and evolve. Anti-ship missile manufacturers in the western hemisphere have continued to evolve longrange, turbojet-powered sea-skimming radar-guided ASCMs in the mold of MM40 Block 3 Exocet, Harpoon Block II and RBS 15 Mk 3. A new entrant to the fray is Kongsberg’s Naval Strike Missile (NSM), a small, stealthy and highly maneuverable ASCM that relies

on an advanced multi-sensor navigation suite and a dual-band imaging infrared (IIR) seeker. Meanwhile, Russia’s military industrial complex is pushing several types of ASCMs for export, including the unique two-stage 3M54 Klub (SS-N-27B “Sizzler”), combining a subsonic “bus” and a supersonic terminal stage. And, perhaps a development of equal concern, Chinese industry has developed and proliferated a range of ASCMs, many of which have been cloned by Iran. This escalating threat is marked out by a number of discernible technology trends. Missiles are variously faster, lower flying, smaller in RCS, more maneuverable in the terminal phase, increasingly intelligent (in terms of their target discrimination and electronic counter-countermeasures ploys) and ever more discrete (using late switch-on radar seekers or passive homing techniques). There are also potential threats emerging in portions of the electromagnetic spectrum outside the conventional RF and IR bands; these include the millimetric wave (mmW) radar seekers associated with a new breed of Chinese anti-ship missiles, and the man-in-theloop electro-optical (EO) and laser guidance systems that may be encountered when ships are operating in the nearland environment of the littoral.

It goes without saying that the various developments in guidance and seeker technology have made the softkill challenge all the greater, forcing warfare practitioners, defense research establishments and industry alike to examine new ways to counter these advanced threats. This has given momentum to the development of advanced expendable countermeasures technologies and new deployment techniques.

Chaff, predominantly used in RF distraction and seduction modes, has been the mainstay of soft-kill defense against RF threats for some four decades. A chaff round deploys millions of aluminized glass dipoles, cut to half the wavelength of the perceived radar threat. When illuminated by a radar, the dipole resonates at the emitter frequency, thus creating a false radar echo.

in on the centroid of the combined radar echo, the combination of ship speed and relative wind separates the decoy from the ship and draws the missile off its intended target. With most modern radar seekers incorporating advanced logic designed to discriminate against chaff, there is some question whether chaff may have had its day. However, Chemring Countermeasures, a prime supplier of chaff for naval applications, contends that chaff remains effective against the vast majority of fielded threats (those using first- and second-generation radar seekers). Furthermore, it contends that even the most advanced RF seekers will be required to process a chaff response, thus buying time for other defenses to be brought to bear. Where the company sees room for improvement is in chaff deployment, advocating the use of stabilized and

The Journal of Electronic Defense | November 2011

CHAFF ENDURES

Several million individual elements are required to generate a chaff cloud capable of producing a false target with a radar cross section (RCS) equivalent to that of a warship. To be effective, chaff dipoles must separate easily on deployment to achieve rapid blooming for maximum RCS, and also achieve a good response in both horizontal and vertical polarizations. In the distraction mode, a chaff pattern is deployed that presents an inbound threat seeker with a number of potential alternative targets in its search and acquisition phase. Distraction chaff creates a decoy that is physically separated from the target and does not rely on wind or ship maneuver. Seduction chaff is deployed to provide point defense when a missile seeker has locked onto its target. A large chaff cloud is deployed to co-locate with the ship’s own radar return, and as the missile homes

47

A Mk 245 IR seduction decoy is launched from the RN Type 23 frigate HMS Iron Duke. (Royal Navy photo)

trainable launchers to achieve accurate and timely payload placement so as to optimize the decoy response and reduce the need for ship maneuver. In tandem, it has also commenced the development of a new generation advanced multipayload chaff round sequentially firing six RF payloads (with a variable height and range capability set by sophisticated shipborne control algorithms) that progressively move the seeker aimpoint of the incoming missile away from its target ship.

CORNER REFLECTORS Recognizing the improved performance of more advanced seekers against chaff, a number of companies have over the past decade looked at an alternative passive RF decoy payload concept based on fast-erecting structural corner-reflectors. In actual fact, the use of ship-deployed floating corner reflectors for soft-kill shipborne defense is not altogether new, with what was Irvin Aerospace – now HDT Airborne – supplying the Outfit DLF(2) and DLF(3) decoy

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systems to the Royal Navy, and also developing the derivative IDS300 anti-RF missile corner reflector for export. According to HDT Airborne, the inflatable corner reflector provides a rapid response decoy that offers a number of attributes: consistent radar reflector performance, regardless of the threat direction, bearing or azimuth; insensitivity to the polarization of the missile seeker’s radar (horizontal or vertical); a ship-like RCS that varies on the sea surface in a similar manner to a ship; performance extending into the millimeter-wave band; and resistance to the chaff discriminators employed by modern RF seekers. In some navies, attention is now increasingly focusing on the airborne application of corner reflector technology in place of, or as an adjunct to, chaff. Israel’s Rafael Advanced Defense Systems and France’s Etienne Lacroix have in recent years sold this technology to naval customers, and both companies see corner reflectors as a superior RF countermeasure with the ability to overcome chaff discriminators – achieved through the generation of ship-representative scintillation, glint, horizontal/vertical polarization, power spectral density fluctuations and range and azimuth error signals. Rafael’s WIZARD (Wideband Zapping Anti-Radar Decoy) corner reflector decoy has been procured by the Israeli Navy and was demonstrated to a number of NATO navies in June 2007 as part of the annual MCG/8 electronic warfare trial. A WIZARD decoy round can be configured to deploy either one or two corner reflector payloads: following payload deployment and erection, the decoys descend slowly for a specified duration to present a realistic RF target to an incoming radar seeker. The corner reflector continues to generate a large RCS once on the sea surface. The French Navy introduced the Lacroix SEALEM (Special Advanced Lacroix ElectroMagnetic RF decoy) into service in 2004 as part of its SAGAIE-NG decoy suite. The 150-mm SEALEM 15-01 rocket deploys four corner reflectors; a more compact SEALEM 08-01 rocket has been developed as part of Lacroix’s Sylena small ship decoy outfit.

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FEELING THE HEAT While the overwhelming majority of ASCMs use RF seekers, a proportion use IR or imaging IR terminal guidance. While older IR threats were designed to home in on shorter wavelength (3-5 µm) radiation from “hot spots” such as exhaust efflux, later seeker types are optimized against the more predominant long wavelength (8-14µm) emissions produced by the ship’s hull and superstructure. Imaging IR seekers are a further concern, offering much improved

counter-countermeasures performance over earlier generation scanning IR types. First-generation IR seduction decoys – typically liquid-fuelled floating flame cans or parachute-borne flares – were designed predominantly to radiate in the 3-5µm waveband. Later IR decoys use more advanced pyrotechnic materials (emitting both mid- and long-wave radiation) and deploy multiple payloads to produce a far more realistic IR signature.

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The most popular approach to IR seduction is “walk-off,” whereby sequential submuntions are deployed at increasing distances from the ship to lure the inbound seeker away from its target. This method was pioneered by Rheinmetall in its Mk 245 GIANT 130-mm round, and subsequently emulated by Chemring Countermeasures in its rival Mk 245 A2 and TALOS cartridges. Chemring also offers the alternative PIRATE decoy. This consists of a number of sub-round air bursts (to achieve initial seduction) followed by the deployment of floating pyrotechnics (to anchor the decoy’s position and sustain the homing of the missile). Hybrid 130-mm RF/IR decoys are also marketed by Rheinmetall and Chemring Countermeasures. These rounds address the need to provide signature-matched protection for low RCS ships and offer a capability to counter dual-mode seeker threats. Rheinmetall’s Bullfighter round uses five submunitions, each of which dispenses a combined chaff and IR payload. Chemring’s rival Chimera RF/IR decoy differs in that it initially fires a center-burst chaff payload followed by four airburst IR submunitions. The 81-mm Omni-Trap decoy associated with Rheinmetall’s Multi Ammunition Softkill System (MASS) takes the multi-spectral payload concept a step further by delivering effects in the ultraviolet, electro-optical, laser, infrared and radar bands. Rheinmetall argues that a single universal payload and the ability to adjust the deployment distance of each munition just before launch using an inductivecoupled computerized electronic fuze enables effective operation in the seduction and distraction modes without the need to use different RF and IR decoys. Also noteworthy is the renewed attention now being given to obscurant rounds, as evidenced by Lacroix’s SEAMOSC system. The deployment of smoke may be used to mask against laser, EO or visual targeting, screening the ship so that it can maneuver into a safe position.

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ACTIVE OFFBOARD COUNTERMEASURES The fielding in the early 2000s of a new breed of active offboard seduction decoys – combining a carrier vehicle with an active EW payload – revealed concerns over the ability of passive RF decoys to counter the most sophisticated radar seekers. However, the high unit cost of these expendable devices has so far precluded their introduction to service to all but a handful of navies. The most accomplished example, with over 1,000 rounds delivered to date, is the US/Australian Mk 234 Nulka Active Missile Decoy, jointly manufactured by BAE Systems Australia (flight vehicle, shipboard electronics and launcher) and Lockheed Martin Sippican (electronic payload). In service with the Australian, Canadian and US navies, Nulka employs a novel hovering rocket propulsion system to move away from the defended ship in a manner consistent with the threat ASCM’s range and angle tracking, Nulka being launched from a Royal Australian Navy FFG. (Australian Department of Defence photo)

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termeasure response optimized against the inbound threat type. With an eye to replacing the Mk 251 later this decade, the UK has joined with France to conduct a four-year Technology Demonstrator Program (TDP) known as ACCOLADE for a prototype next-generation ADR for future RF anti-ship missile defense. Thales is under contract to deliver the ACCOLADE TDP, which will include testing of a prototype of its PANORPA technical solution: little detail has been released on PANORPA,

and uses a broadband repeater payload to present a more attractive target to the missile seeker. The UK has also introduced an active offboard round in the shape of the Mk 251 Active Decoy Round (ADR). Developed by Selex Galileo, and forming part of the Outfit DLH decoy suite, the Mk 251 ADR is a rocket-launched seduction decoy consisting of a multimode I/Jband jammer suspended beneath a parawing. The jammer is pre-programmed by a shipborne control system with a coun-

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although it has been disclosed that the airborne vehicle itself will be capable of maneuvering so as to be in an optimum position to jam the threat seeker. A more ambitious vision is starting to take shape in the US Navy, which earlier this year promulgated plans to integrate a long-endurance autonomous vehicle as part of a future coordinated onboard/ offboard EW capability known as SPICE (Ship-launched Persistent Integrated Countermeasures for Electronic warfare). Unmanned aerial vehicles and unmanned surface vessels (USVs) are seen as potential candidates; expendable systems concepts are also being considered as long as they can be shown to provide total cost of ownership benefits. According to Naval Sea Systems Command, the offboard vehicle should be capable of carrying a nominal 35 lb EW payload (minimum 25 lb to maximum 50 lb), provide 1 kW of payload prime power and accommodate a transmit and receive antenna pair with an unobstructed 90-degree field of regard, integrated with the vehicle platform to achieve maximum transmit to receive isolation. Each vehicle must be able to achieve and maintain station keeping relative to ship’s position for a minimum of two hours (though a longer duration is desired). SPICE command-and-control capability should enable three platforms to be operated simultaneously from a single control station, conducting sorties to achieve continuous station keeping for a 24-hour mission length with minimum impact to shipboard storage, operations and required manpower. Optional autonomous operation is a prerequisite, as is a communications capability for interaction with the launch/control platform to receive mission updates and report health and location status. The US Navy has previously sponsored science and technology efforts for long-endurance offboard EW devices. For example, the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) pursued advanced technology demonstration programs, such as FLYRT (Flying Radar Target) and the Eager preferential acquisition decoy. More recently, the NRL’s Tactical Electronic Warfare Division has investigated the development of EW payload technologies, providing counter-targeting

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and seeker deception suitable for installation on board USVs. A testbed system, integrated on board an 11-meter, HighSpeed Unmanned Sea Surface Vehicle hydrofoil, was demonstrated in 2006.

LAUNCHER SYSTEM SOLUTIONS Debates on the relative merits of fixed and traversable/trainable launcher systems have raged for many years. Conventional fixed launchers use crossed barrel sets or parallel mountings (typically trained to 30 degrees and 110 degrees from the ship’s head), but require ship maneuver to ensure that the decoy presents a more attractive target to the missile seeker. Trainable launchers (able to traverse and elevate) minimize the need for maneuver and offer greater tactical flexibility for applications in the seduction mode, although at the expense of a more complex and costly launcher and control installation. Threat evolution tends to reinforce the case for trainable launchers given A MASS launcher seen on board the Norwegian fast strike craft KNM Storm. (Richard Scott/NAVYPIX photo)

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that they alone are able to achieve the increasingly precise and timely multiple decoy placement necessary to defeat the more advanced RF and imaging IR seekers. This is increasingly evidenced in the naval soft-kill marketplace, not least by the continued success of Rheinmetall’s MASS outfit. MASS comprises three principal components: a computer control unit hosting engagement algorithms; a low-RCS stabilized and trainable 32-barrel launcher; and the 81-mm spin-stabilized Omni-Trap multispectral decoy. Rheinmetall asserts that the combination of the two-axis trainable launcher and multispectral, programmable-fuse ammunition makes MASS the only soft-kill system with five “degrees of freedom” – height, bearing, range, number of decoys and firing interval – and thus able to accurately position a realistic multi-spectral response at a suitable elevation within the threat seeker’s field of view. The Centurion launcher concept. A “Bravo” model prototype will be tested in 2012. (Chemring image)

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Other trainable launcher systems currently available include the Sagem New Generation Dagaie System (NGDS) – associated with Lacroix’s SEACLAD 150-mm munitions – and Elbit’s Deseaver system (firing Rafael Beamtrap and Heatrap rounds). However, the option to utilize a trainable launcher has hitherto been unavailable to those navies using the SRBOC/NATO Sea Gnat family of 130mm countermeasures cartridges. Recognizing this gap, Chemring Countermeasures in 2009 began private

venture development of its Centurion launcher concept, with the objective of engineering a trainable system that is fully compatible with existing 130-mm rounds, but also able to optimize the performance of its new 130-mm RF and IR variable range cartridges. Comprising 12 vertically stowed barrels on a rotating plinth, the Centurion launcher trains on to the appropriate bearing and then depresses the selected launcher barrel to the desired firing angle (as determined by the system firing algo-

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rithms). A faceted low RCS cover structure features 12 individual panels, each designed to depress in unison with its associated barrel. Response time is less than 3 seconds from the stowed position, with positional accuracy maintained through compensation for ship movement. This, in combination with the latest variable-range decoy rounds, should allow payload placement to be accurately controlled in three axes so as to provide improved ship signature replication. Another claimed advantage of the design is that it allows munitions to be fired at a far wider range of elevations. For example, higher angles of elevation (up to 70 degrees) offer improved protection against threats that can perform high-dive attacks, while launch at lower ballistic elevations will reduce the time of flight for distraction payloads by many seconds. The low angle of launch also generates significantly improved IR capability Chemring has now committed funding for the design, integration and test of a Centurion “Bravo” prototype at System Readiness Level 5, including the launch computer, decoy firing algorithms, and local control. The company plans to complete system development by the middle of 2012 and be in a position to offer it for sea trials later next year.

MATCHING THE THREAT For the past few decades, most navies have focused on buying shipboard countermeasures to defeat anti-ship missiles. Outside the spotlight, naval EW technology has been steadily evolving to match the anti-ship missile threat, as well. This is especially true in the area of decoys. Advanced RF and IR rounds and new launcher designs can provide the critical seconds needed to defeat an incoming missile (or missiles in some scenarios). These decoys are increasingly effective and they are also affordable – especially considering the value of the ships and crews they protect. Although based on established concepts and technology, decoys are not outdated. In some scenarios, they may prove to be the best countermeasure solution available. a 9/28/11 4:12:10 PM

Navigation Warfare, or NAVWAR, is deliberate defensive and offensive action to assure and prevent positioning, navigation and timing (PNT) information through coordinated employment of space, cyberspace, and electronic warfare operations. But just what is PNT information? Positioning addresses issues such as “where am I?” and “where is it?” Navigation deals with “how do I get there?” Precise timing provides an answer to the question, “are my systems synchronized?” These are key issues in today’s battlespace, because PNT information is a critical aspect of the joint and coalition forces’ tremendous military advantage, which accrues to precision operations. The traditional and straightforward operational imperative is to ensure access to PNT information, typically through users’ passive reception of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) and datalink signals. PNT Assurance, now mandated via DOD-level policy, is analogous to “information assurance” measures in computer network operations. Efforts to assure access to PNT information are, essentially, “defensive navigation warfare.” Full-fledged NAVWAR, however, goes well beyond mere PNT Assurance by involving the operational objective of advantage. To achieve a PNT information advantage, Blue Forces will need the ability to deceive, deny, disrupt, degrade and destroy (D5) adversary access to PNT information. NAVWAR is therefore a warfighting approach focused on

positive and negative PNT effects. Because NAVWAR encompasses offensive, defensive and exploitation capabilities within several mission areas and functional specialties, coordination of these capabilities must become integral to joint and coalition training, plans, exercises and operations. The term “NAVWAR” may itself be anachronistic; it originated in the mid1990s primarily in reference to the US Global Positioning System (GPS) used for system-level navigation and precision targeting. In the past decade, however, we’ve moved beyond mere positioning and navigation concerns; GPS and other GNSS information is now far more widely applied as a system and network timing reference. As a result, PNT dependencies and vulnerabilities are more operationally significant than ever. GPS has grown in prominence, but clearly, it is not the world’s only GNSS. At the same time, GPS and other GNSSs are not the sole sources of tactical PNT information. As such, NAVWAR

“PNT is more than GPS, and NAVWAR amounts to considerably more than ensuring systemlevel self-location of military systems.”

is distinctly not a GNSS-centric concept. Because positioning and timing are at least as important as “navigation,” a better overall label to describe what we’re talking about might in fact be “PNT operations,” instead of “NAVWAR.” Regardless of whether we call it NAVWAR or integrated PNT operations, broader implications within today’s definition (…deliberate defensive and offensive action… coordinated employment… ) demand a more systematic and innovative approach. This article addresses the nature of NAVWAR, discusses tangible assets and capabilities, and illustrates emerging thinking about centralized planning and execution. I conclude the subject with a few thoughts on the NAVWAR enterprise: its framework and a broadbased approach to implementing the NAVWAR concept over time. This article addresses the future of NAVWAR; it is intended as a call to action and to inform the transition from concept to capability.

THE NATURE OF NAVWAR: A NON-TRADITIONAL WARFIGHTING APPROACH To appropriate an expression commonly applied to DOD rice bowls, your “stand” on NAVWAR probably depends on where you “sit.” Unfortunately, where things stand at present is that NAVWAR is inadequately understood by the warfighter; it is simply not part and parcel of current cultural awareness.

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PNT Dependencies, Vulnerabilities, and Threats: Joint and coalition forces have developed an Information Age dependency on PNT information that is in common with the general population and civil-commercial infrastructure. Senior USG and DOD leaders are becoming more aware of their various dependencies on GPS, but relatively few government organizations (including DOD) have trained, exercised or operated in PNT-degraded or -denied environments. This situation reflects the lack, historically speaking, of a relevant and persuasive NAVWAR threat. One notable exception was Operation IRAQI FREEDOM, where coalition forces encountered GPS jammers and responded effectively. A tactical-level response was sufficient to prevail against a tactical-level obstacle; the adverse effects were limited and did not make a difference at the campaign level. In the aftermath, the joint and service establishments have perpetuated a legacy understanding of a threat to PNT information, which is

both negligible and presumably manageable. We have been slow to realize that this threat has since proliferated, increased in sophistication and grown into a daunting challenge. If compelled to execute military operations in PNTdegraded and PNT-denied environments, forces will quickly be experiencing Industrial Age warfare, a challenge for which they are poorly prepared. Full understanding of the NAVWAR threat is rare, but, nevertheless, needed to drive requirements analysis, priorities and integrated solutions for PNT Assurance and threat signal exploitation. The notion of PNT effects is the defining characteristic of NAVWAR. These PNT effects are only operationally significant in the context of a couple of other key notions: PNT-dependent systems (whether they are Blue, Red or Gray) and by extension, PNT-dependent missions. A given system may be reliant on PNT information (typically from GPS) for a variety of functionalities. PNT dependency constitutes vulnerabil-

ity – a vulnerability to Red threats or to Blue counter-PNT attacks, depending on which side of the correlation of forces your PNT-dependent system is on. Figure 1 illustrates the basic linkage between PNT dependencies, vulnerabilities, threats/capabilities and desired effects. How well do we understand system-specific PNT dependencies across the joint and coalition forces? Multiple Domains, Information Sources and Mission Areas: In contemporary experience, military operators are inclined to view NAVWAR through the lenses of their respective areas of expertise. For instance, Computer Network Operators may characterize NAVWAR as an activity within Cyberspace Operations. Electronic Warfare (EW) practitioners consider NAVWAR a subset of Electromagnetic Spectrum Control (EMSC). Meanwhile, a space professional will tend to associate NAVWAR with Space Operations – specifically space force enhancement (SFE), space control and space situational awareness (SSA). In professional discussion, the term “NAVWAR” is prone to being thrown around loosely since the principles of PNT operations could (and I argue, should) be reflected within doctrinal publications for Cyberspace Operations; Electronic Warfare; Space Operations; Intelligence, Surveillance, Reconnaissance (ISR) Operations; Joint Spectrum Management Operations; and Joint Task Force Organization, among others. Of course, these differing perspectives of NAVWAR are all partially correct, but readers could easily come away with correspondingly partial understanding unless each of these references includes an overview of the “whole” of NAVWAR. The treatment of NAVWAR in such a distributed manner is also symptomatic of an unfortunate fundamental truth: until recently, the NAVWAR concept has been incoherent. It hasn’t been fully developed. The ideas and means to gain and maintain a military PNT advantage have not been adequately operationalized (for the present) or institutionalized (for the future). To close the NAVWAR coherency gap, USSTRATCOM is drafting the first operational-level NAVWAR Concept of Operations (CONOPS). One central idea in the proposed NAVWAR CONOPS is that

NAVWAR occurs in multiple domains and mission areas because PNT-dependent systems may operate in all five traditional warfighting domains (land, sea, air, space, and cyberspace). PNT operations may be conducted from, within, through, or into each of these domains. NAVWAR encompasses PNT information from various sources. These PNT sources include GPS and other spacebased systems, as well as on-board/ autonomous/coupled systems, such as inertial measurement units, highly

accurate chronometers, enhanced GPSINS applications, ground-based satellite augmentations, web-delivered PNT information and so forth. This PNT information is vital to DOD and civil/ commercial operations alike for ground truth positioning and as a common timing reference for transmitter-receiver pairings and networked systems. Clearly, PNT is more than GPS, and NAVWAR amounts to considerably more than ensuring system-level self-location of military systems.

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PNT operations may be conducted by units and assets traditionally associated with space operations, cyberspace operations, electronic warfare, ISR, spectrum management and civil-military operations. The key takeaway here is that if you are conducting, say, spectrum management, you are also engaged in the NAVWAR fight if you are producing PNT effects by protecting PNTdependent systems or contributing to offensive PNT courses of action. Accordingly, navigation warfare encompasses aspects of several mission areas, just as each of these mission areas contain portions of the PNT and NAVWAR problem set. Although individual mission areas can overlap in their own right, NAVWAR and its building block components can be considered mutual subsets as shown in Figure 2. NAVWAR typically occurs overlaid onto CONUS or other host-nation electromagnetic environments and telecommunications spectra. PNT information deception, denial, disruption, degradation or destruction can be as propagative and operationally effective as interference within satellite communications channels – “purposeful and non-purposeful interference,” in space control terminology. Blue-on-Blue electromagnetic interference (EMI) and collateral damage to PNT information for commercial and civil systems and networks are therefore additional key considerations. Navwarriors think agnostically about the multiple domains, PNT information sources and mission areas involved in NAVWAR, so they must check their parochial mission or functional area affiliation at the door. They must expand their thought processes and maintain fluency in the separate languages, which are brought together by common planning and execution processes while attending to the bottom line: positive and negative PNT effects. Clearly, NAVWAR is a non-traditional warfighting approach, as well as an organizing principle – a joint integrating concept of sorts. Expressed as a circular definition, the goal of PNT operations is to gain a PNT advantage by focusing on positive and negative PNT effects with respect to PNT-dependent systems.

NAVWAR CAPABILITIES: A FOCUS ON GENERATING PNT EFFECTS

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To put the above philosophical and doctrinal principles into action, NAVWAR – PNT operations, if you will – requires corresponding capabilities for protection, attack and exploitation. The idea is to leverage specific capabilities to generate four overall desired PNT effects: 1) Assure Blue access to high-integrity PNT information (including selective signal enhancement), 2) Perform counter-PNT (deceive, deny, disrupt, degrade and destroy Red access to PNT information), 3) Identify, characterize or geolocate sources of Red interference with Blue PNT information (“PNT Exploit”), and 4) Resolve interruptions to PNT information, including unintentional Blueon-Blue interference. Blue weapons systems, which contribute to the NAVWAR fight (or could contribute to the NAVWAR fight, if tasked), should be cataloged for ready reference by Navwarriors. This NAVWAR inventory or directory would essentially serve as a central Blue order of battle of protection, attack and exploitation assets, which – in addition to their traditional roles – are capable of generating PNT effects. The NAVWAR inventory must account for systems and capabilities commonly associated with EW/EMSC (EP, EA, ES and spectrum management), Cyberspace Operations (NETOPS, CND, CNA and CNE), and Space Operations. Contributory ISR capabilities, civil/commercial assets and PNT augmentations and workarounds should also be included. The systems cataloged as NAVWAR capabilities may operate in and project effects from, through and/or into the terrestrial domains as surface-based or airborne platforms, the space domain (space-borne or space-enabled defensive and offensive PNT effects), the cyberspace domain and/or the electromagnetic spectrum. Capabilities may even be drawn from the civil community, because some non-DOD federal agencies and commercial entities have assets that could contribute to resolving PNT interference in homeland defense, homeland security and common EMI scenarios. Assets and capabilities earn their way into the NAVWAR inventory if they

contribute to the PNT protection, attack or exploitation fight. The NAVWAR inventory is a team roster from which the Navwarrior builds a tangible lineup card to prosecute offensive and defensive PNT operations.

NAVWAR PLANNING AND EXECUTION: BATTLE MANAGEMENT FOR PNT EFFECTS The key to coherent Navigation Warfare is a centralized approach to planning and execution. Accordingly, integrated NAVWAR operations require focused integration in planning, command and control (C2) and execution. For context, one of the gaps identified in a recent DOD-wide electronic warfare capability assessment was the lack of battle management frameworks for the conduct of EW. Battle management is the management of activities within the operational environment based on the commands, direction and guidance given by appropriate authority. Today’s NAVWAR enterprise is hampered by a corresponding effectiveness shortfall due to lack of battle management. Due to this gap in battle management capability, NAVWAR operations are currently characterized mainly by a distributed approach to PNT Assurance. The focus is largely at the tactical level: fielding interferenceshielded equipment, testing system vulnerabilities and developing effects-mitigating tactics, techniques and procedures (TTPs). Blue-on-Blue PNT interference is sometimes addressed through all-purpose spectrum interference resolution and defensive space-control processes. Some of these processes are not well connected within Combatant Commands or between Geographic Combatant Command requirements and global capability providers. Some PNT interference is never reported; many instances that are reported are never resolved. New space-based and space-enabled PNT Assurance capabilities are emerging, however, in the form of enhanced SFE and defensive space control measures such as GPS over-the-air-rekeying and flexible power. The advent of such “taskable” and responsive space-based assets begs the question of situation

awareness and requests for requests within the overall PNT environment. The development also broaches the issue of centralized planning and processes for “NAVWAR battle management.” Leveraging global (on-orbit) capabilities for operational-level effects will demand planning and execution frameworks as well as formalized supported-supporting relationships. NAVWAR Planning: Diverse multidomain capabilities from the worlds of EW/EMSC, Space Operations, Cyberspace operations, spectrum management, ELINT/SIGINT and host-nation coordination must be brought to bear with a centralized approach and integration into standard joint, combined and interagency planning processes while considering alternative sources of PNT information. An AOR-centric NAVWAR construct is the appropriate way to meet the supported Joint Forces Commander’s (JFC’s) need for comprehensive PNT effects. Central planning and execution should take place in a NAVWAR coordination cell or similar functional entity that can be tailored by the supported JFC within theater-specific C2 relationships. This cell would attend to potential in-theater NAVWAR courses of action (COAs) by considering assigned, allocated, and organic assets; global capabilities reachable through supported-supporting designations; requests for forces; and similar Joint Operational Planning Process (JOPP) principles and steps. NAVWAR planners should identify considerations pertaining to Blue Force PNT dependencies and vulnerabilities, threats, mission objectives and battle management concerns. These considerations must be built into a central NAVWAR Plan cross-referenced into Theater Campaign Plans and supported and supporting operations and concept plans. Theater guidance, such as GPS User Equipment standard operating procedures and interference reporting rules of engagement, must be promulgated for maximum PNT Assurance preparedness. In parallel, intelligence analysts must assess Red force PNT dependencies and vulnerabilities for potential attack by joint and coalition offensive PNT capabilities.

tegration Team (SFIT), the Joint Space Tasking Order, Priority Intelligence Requests, Joint Restricted Frequency Lists (JRFLs), Joint Spectrum Interference Resolution (JSIR), Space Support Requests (SSRs) and the Space Control Coordination Element (SCCE), Requests for Anomaly Analysis (RAAs), Defense Support of Civil Authorities (DSCA) protocols and onorbit asset re-tasking procedures. Figure 3 illustrates a framework for centralized NAVWAR planning and execution.

The essential elements of an overall NAVWAR operational structure are: • NAVWAR capabilities (inventory of assets) • NAVWAR battle management • Analysis and decision support tools • NAVWAR coordination cell for planning and execution • Supported-supporting relationships The next section will briefly address the way ahead to build meaningful NAVWAR capability over time. The Journal of Electronic Defense | November 2011

NAVWAR Execution: In terms of current operations, the NAVWAR coordination cell would maintain PNT situational awareness and support C2 processes as the center of battle management for integrated PNT operations. First and foremost, the NAVWAR coordinators must recognize NAVWAR situations for what they are – whether they emerge in the EM spectrum or within space, cyberspace or terrestrial domains – and develop NAVWAR solutions. Navigation warfare situations will range from unintentional/ non-purposeful EMI to threats from Red electromagnetic or Cyber threats to opportunities to exploit adversary vulnerability through offensive PNT operations, or “PNT fires.” The NAVWAR coordination cell will draw on theater-specific capabilities and build appropriate EW, Cyber, Space, ISR, spectrum management, civilmilitary/interagency and alternative PNT options to generate PNT effects through standard feasibility analysis, COA selection and military decision making processes. The coordination cell will rely on various analysis tools including effects modeling, mission planning/mission rehearsal systems, visualization media and other situation awareness and decision support resources necessary for proper NAVWAR battle management. Pre-defined relationships will pay off as NAVWAR experts interact with intheater and out-of-theater organizations designated in the operations order: • EW Coordination Cell • Space Coordination Authority • Theater NetOps Coordination Cell • Joint Frequency Management Office • Joint ISR Cell • Civil-Military Operations Cell • Joint Space Operations Center • Joint Spectrum Center • other supported and supporting organizations These NAVWAR-focused planners will operate along interior lines of maneuver to assess PNT dependencies and opportunities to produce coherent effects. Standard organizations, processes, communications media and collaboration channels within the JFC’s integrated battle rhythm can all be leveraged to mechanize, integrate and prosecute the NAVWAR fight. These nodes and linkages could include the STRATCOM Forward In-

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8/28/10 4:49:51 PM

THE NAVWAR ENTERPRISE: MATERIEL AND NON-MATERIEL SOLUTIONS TO “GET THERE FROM HERE”

The Journal of Electronic Defense | November 2011

68

The present-day NAVWAR imperative is straightforward, in a sense even basic: PNT Assurance for Blue forces to operate in PNT contested and congested environments. And, the near-term challenges in achieving PNT Assurance are significant. Consider, for example, the development of system-specific TTPs; the prompt fielding of interference-resistant PNT information receivers and antennas; and prudent phasing of GPS upgrades to enable taskable and responsive capability from synergy between the space, control and user segments. In terms of the end-state objective – a multi-domain, multi-mission NAVWAR enterprise on a more distant horizon as portrayed in this article – the capability gap between deficiencies and solutions for integrated PNT operations is even more substantial. Perhaps not surprisingly, a DOD-standard “DOTMLPF-P” (doctrine, organization, training, materiel, leadership, personnel, facilities and policy) approach is the appropriate framework to address both materiel and non-materiel solution paths. Myriad DOD actors, structures and processes already exist as vehicles for building the NAVWAR enterprise. Standard Joint Force J-codes and organizational roles already support generic aspects of NAVWAR such as ISR processes, current operations, operational and adaptive planning, spectrum management, exercise planning, capability integration and transformation. Policy, instructions, and processes are already in place for TTP development, service and joint training, Joint Concept Development and Experimentation (JCD&E), doctrine development, Joint Capability Integration and Development (JCIDS), Joint Operations Concepts (JOpsCs), and Universal Joint Tasks (UJTs). All of these are available as solution paths to advance NAVWAR awareness, incorporate NAVWAR considerations, and transform NAVWAR principles into capabilities and standard procedures. As such, this article is a call to action for the “coming out” of navigation warfare:

Preparation

NAVWAR CONOPS NAVWAR inventory of assets and capabilities

NAVWAR planning and  execution protocols, C2 relationships

Integration

NAVWAR Considerations: PNT Dependencies and Vulnerabilities Threat Mitigations EMI Resolution 

NAVWAR Situations & Solutions: Employment Options Feasibility Analysis Course of Action Selection

NAVWAR analysis tools

Outputs

NAVWAR within Operational Plans,  Universal Joint Tasks,  and Exercises

PNT Eﬀects: Assured PNT Counter-PNT “PNT Exploit” Interruption Resolution

NAVWAR Battle Management Figure 3: NAVWAR Planning and Execution Framework

• further development and maintenance of the NAVWAR body of knowledge, • operationalization of navigation warfare capability, and • institutionalization of navigation warfare principles. Comprehensive NAVWAR implementation must progress into DOD-standard processes. We already have the “big idea” concept; what’s needed now is the requirements impetus and implementation roadmap to realize the NAVWAR enterprise. The way ahead will require a unity of effort on the scope and definitions, its functional requirements, gap validation and credible functional solutions for this integrative warfighting approach.

NAVWAR IN 2011: JUST THE BEGINNING NAVWAR is both its own thing and a composite of many things. It is not exclusively EW (or EMS Control) or Space Operations or Cyberspace operations or any other mission area concerned primarily with operations in, through or into a particular domain, or awareness of, or superiority within, a particular domain. NAVWAR is both joint and interagency. It is domain agnostic. It is focused on PNT dependency, PNT effects and PNT advantage through offensive and defensive measures. As the century’s second decade dawns, it may be useful to reflect on the state of several now-well-known warfighting transformations occurring during the third and fourth decade of the past century. The US Army had come out of its experience in World War I and was developing new combined arms and maneuver warfare principles. The US

Navy was transitioning from a primarily battleship orientation to an aircraft carrier-based strategy. The US Marine Corps was developing fresh ideas about amphibious operations based on new technology and strategic realities. And, the US Army Air Corps Tactical School was defining and refining the tenets for what was to become the doctrine of daylight precision strategic bombing. All of these transformations involved what we would now refer to as enterprise-wide DOTMLPF-P approaches. So it is with navigation warfare, a warfighting approach in its infancy. We have a warfighter challenge as well as an operational opportunity within the basics of PNT Assurance; the chain of implications in the progression from PNT information, PNT-dependent systems and PNT vulnerabilities; threats and mitigations; and finally, the ability to get serious about NAVWAR by turning the tables through offensive PNT operations. The NAVWAR operational environment is in evolution; today’s challenges and capability gaps await a systematic solution-oriented plan for the future of NAVWAR. a G.T. Tovrea was a USAF EWO with over 1500 flight hours in the F-4G “Wild Weasel.” His staff assignments included tours with the F-22 program office, the Assistant Secretary of the Air Force for Acquisition, Joint Staff J33 Joint Operations Division and the Air Force Operational Test & Evaluation Center. He is currently an operations analyst with Overlook Systems Technologies, Inc. working NAVWAR concepts and integration at USSTRATCOM’s Joint Navigation Warfare Center (Kirtland AFB, NM). Mr. Tovrea is the AOC’s 2010 NAVWAR Award winner.

TECHNOLOGY SURVEY A SAMPLING OF COMINT AND DF RECEIVERS By Ollie Holt

MHz into these twenty 5-MHz wide signal paths. Therefore, for processing simultaneous signals separated in frequency, the number of channels is important and the channel bandwidth and separation defines the minimum amount of frequency separation between simultaneous signals so they can be processed and detected. The number of RF paths (RF channels) can be especially important for DF measurements. Most DF algorithms require the measurement of signal parameters upon arrival at different locations on the platform. These channels need to be tuned to the same frequency. The measurement is usually looking for time, or phase differences in the signal at the different locations. Again, these channels need to be identical in bandwidth and frequency, while channels for signal separation just need to be offset in frequency with minimal performance in adjacent bandwidths. The receiver components are the easy part of a COMINT receiver system; the hard part is the demodulation of the signals and stitching the parts of a signal together. Communication signals have so many different modulation types, and many of them multiplex multiple information channels together into a single RF stream. Some of these modulation techniques are just to increase the information bandwidth, while others are to deter signal detection. When defining the COMINT receiver system needed, one of the requirements should list the signal and modulation types the system must detect. This month’s survey includes nearly more than 90 COMINT/DF products from 32 manufacturers. (One of the respondents is a Russian manufacturer based in Moscow. It is interesting to compare this company’s products with Western COMINT/DF technology.) JED will publish its next survey, covering digital RF memory (DRFM) units for EW applications, in March 2011. Please e-mail [email protected] by January 3 to request a survey questionnaire.

The Journal of Electronic Defense | November 2011

T

his month’s technology survey takes a look at communications intelligence (COMINT) and direction-finding (DF) receivers. As with our past COMINT/DF product surveys, this survey covers complete receiver systems and also receivers that are simply VME cards ready to be configured into complete receiver systems. These same VME cards or similar ones from other manufacturers can be used in the complete COMINT receiver systems listed in this survey. The VME cards contain all the necessary hardware and firmware/software to receive, digitize and demodulate the signals, but they may not contain the power source, control structure and mechanical housing provided by complete COMINT/DF systems. In the survey responses, you will see a column on DF. Some of the responses define a DF technique used or just a simple “yes” if the company supports DF or a “no” if they do not support DF. The DF accuracy these systems provide is typically defined by the installation. By installation we are referring to antenna location and separation. Different DF techniques respond better with certain antenna separations and fields of view, making DF performance very installation dependent. The number of receiver channels in the system can be an ambiguous term. Channels can mean independent RF paths, or it can define independent channels created from the same RF path separated in frequency. These channels are created by the signal-processing algorithm, similar to how a channelized receiver works. Both definitions are correct, but for a DF solution, channels define independent RF paths. For signal separation by frequency, channels can define the bandwidth of a signal path. An example could be a channelized receiver where its input bandwidth maybe 100 MHz with 20 channels. That would make each channel 5-MHz wide. These channels are created by signal processing the 100

69

TECHNOLOGY SURVEY: A SAMPLING OF COMINT AND DF RECEIVERS MODEL

REC TYPE

OP FREQ

INST BW

TYP INST SENS

DYN RANGE

INST DYN RANGE

-120dBm to -110dBm

>110 dB

>80dB

Agilent Technologies; Santa Clara, CA, USA; 800-829-4444; www.agilent.com N6841A RF Sensor (Minnow)

superhet

20 MHz-6 GHz

20 MHz for FFT and local IQ; 1. 9MHz for IQ stream.

AMESYS; Aix En Provence, France; +33 442 607 000; www.amesys.fr DI-Bridge

channelizer

950-2,150 MHz

950-2,150 MHz

-130 dBm

*

*

Flixible Radio Link Suite

superhet

0.5-40 GHz

0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 40, 80, 100

NF <13 dB

100 dB

60 dB

PM Track

superhet, digital acquisition

60-88 MHz, 135-174 MHz, 440-470 MHz,

60-88 MHz, 135174 MHz, 440-470 MHz,

-105 dBm

100 dB

60 dB

Road Runner

superhet with fullband digitzation and channelization

450-1,910 MHz (GSM450, GMS850, EGSM900, DCS1800, PCS1900)

450-1,910 MHz (GSM450, GMS850, EGSM900, DCS1800, PCS1900)

-104 dBm

110 dB

80 dB

-110 dBm (10 dB in 5 KHz)

attenuation range of 40 dB in 1-dB steps

67 dB (nom)

Argon ST; Fairfax, VA, USA; +1-703-828-2217; www.argonst.com Extreme Bandwidth Receiver

superhet followed by a 3-stage dig channelizer

20 MHz-6 GHz

1 GHz

Cobham Defense Electronics SIGINT Inc.; Hunt Valley, MD USA; +1-410-329-7900; www.cobham.com/sensorsystems

The Journal of Electronic Defense | November 2011

70

MCS-1000

superhet set-on receiver

0.5-20 GHz

100 MHz at 1 GHz IF output

-97 dBm in a 1 MHz IF BW

82 dB in a 1-MHz IF BW

82 dB in a 1 MHz IF BW

DRX-5571 Digital Receiver

superhet

0.5-20 GHz

analog: 100 MHz at 1 GHz IF output; dig: 57 MHz BW

-99 dBm in a 1 MHz IF BW

84 dB in a 1-MHz IF BW

84 dB in a 1-MHz IF BW

SMR-5550i

superhet set-on receiver

0.5-20 GHz

100 MHz at 1 GHz IF output

-99 dBm in a 1 MHz IF BW

84 dB in a 1-MHz IF BW

84 dB in a 1-MHz IF BW

DRS Signal Solutions; Gaithersburg, MD, USA; +1-301-948-7550; www.drs-ds.com SI-9014 HF DF System

superhet with DSP back-end

100 kHz – 30 MHz standard, 2MHz – 30MHz with RF switch matrix option installed

25 khz max

-128 dBm/-136 dBm noise floor (1 kHz BW)

151 dB (1 kHz BW), 169 dB with RF switch matrix option

130 dB out-of-band, 114 dB in-band (1kHz BW)

CDF-9200 SingleChannel HF/VHF/UHF DF Processor

superhet

300 kHz-30 MHz; 1.5 MHz-3 GHz

*

antenna-dep

*

*

SI-8616-3

superhet

20 MHz-3 GHz

140 kHz, 500 kHz or 1.23 MHz

-122 dBm. MDS in 10kHz RBW

*

*

DSPCon, Inc.; Bridgewater, NJ, USA; +1-908-722-5656; www.dspcon.com* SIARRA

IF input of 60 MHz BW

0-250 MHz

60 MHz

70 dB SNR

89 dBc

89 dBc

BroadFlex-3800

dig drop receivers

0-350 MHz

62 MHz

69 dB

89 dBc

89 dBc

-128 dBm (1 kHz)

154 dB (AGC)

90 dB (1 kHz)

Eclipse Electronic Systems Inc.; Richardson, TX; 972-699-8580; www.sigint.com R3031

preselected direct conv

0.1-30 MHz

2 MHz

R4031

preselected superhet

0.1-3,000 MHz

10 or 30 MHz

-114 dBm (25 kHz)

144 dB (AGC)

80 dB (25 dHz)

R4000

preselected superhet

20-3,000 MHz

10 or 30 MHz

-114 dBm (25 kHz)

144 dB (AGC)

80 dB (25 dHz)

R5000

preselected superhet

20-3,000 MHz

2, 5, 10 or 30 MHz

-114 dBm (25 kHz)

144 dB (AGC)

85 dB (25 kHz)

Elcom Technologies; Rockleigh, NJ, USA; +1-201-767-8030; www.elcom-tech.com SIR 1000

superhet, IF sampling SDR

0.01-30 MHz

30 KHz

-122 dBm

105 dB

80 dBFS

SIR 3200

superhet, IF sampling SDR

20-3,000 MHz

40 MHz

-103 dBm

20 kHz/90 dB

16 bit, 100 dBFS

*

72-80 dB

Elektrobit Wireless Communications Ltd.; Oulu, Finland; +358-40-344-2000; www.electrobit.com EB Wideband COMINT Sensor

superhet with dig channelizer

30 MHz-40 GHz

80 MHz

6-15 dB

MOD TYPES

# REC CHANNELS

PWR (in W)

SIZE

PLATFORM

AM, FM, others

yes, TDOA and powerbased geolocation

1 channel for monitoriing and 3 channels for DF

30 max

5.4 x 24.2 x 29.2 in.

air, grd-fix, grd-mob, shp, sub

QPSK, 8PSK & 16QAM, 8PSK, 16APSK, 32APSK

rotative antenna with position encoder

1

350

49 x 42 x 9 cm

grd-fix, grd-mob, shp

AM, FM, IQ, etc.

yes

2

*

55 x 45 x 45 cm

air, grd-fix, grd-mob, shp, sub

EN 301 166, TS 102 490, TS 102 and TS 102 587 658

rotative antenna with position encoder

4

4Ah per system

34 x 29 x 15 cm

grd-fix, grd-mob, shp

compliant with 3GPP; 2G R6 compatible

*

128 (tactical unit) and 256 (massive unit)

350 W (tactical unit) and 600 W (massive unit)

massive unit: 4U x 19 in. x 80 cm; tactical unit: 3U x 19 in. x 28 cm

air, grd-fix, grd-mob, shp, sub

supports a broad range of client demodulators.

yes

User-defined N channel

66 W/GHz

2 standard 3U VPX slots.

air, grd, shp, sub

FM, AM, SSB, pulse position, suppressed carrier, etc.

time

2-16

100 W per channel

1.75 x 17 x 20.16 in. per channel. Mounts in standard 19-in .rack.

air, grd-fix, shp, sub

BPSK, QPSK, SQPSK, 8-PSK, QAM, FM-FDM, MSK, 2-FSK, 3-FSK, 4-FSK, FM, AM, SSB, pulse position, suppressed carrier, etc.

no

not channelized

130 W for a single receiver

1.75 x 17 x 23.16 in. Mounts in standard 19-in. rack.

air, grd-fix, shp, sub

FM, AM, SSB, pulse position, suppressed carrier, etc.

no

not channelized

100 W for a single receiver

1.75 x 17 x 20.16 in. Mounts in standard 19-in. rack.

air, grd-fix, shp, sub

FM, AM, SSB, pulse position, suppressed carrier, etc.

superresolution MUSIC algorithm

8

9.4

1U 19-in. rack mount or in transit case

air, grd-fix, grd-mob, shp, sub

AM, CW, USB, LSB, FM

amplitude

1

*

rack-mount: 5.25 x 19 x 17 in.; mobile: 5.25 x 11 x 11 in.

air, grd

AM, FM, CW, SSB, ISB

amplitude

1

20 max

1-slot, 6U VME

air, grd, shp, sub

FM, AM, SSB

no

2

125 W per channel

10.5 x 17.7 x 20.2 in.

air, grd, shp, sub

*

no

4

17.5 W per channel

22.75 x 19 x 20 in.

air, grd-fix, shp, sub

Pre-D, AM, FM, CW, SSB

N channel coherent

2 RF and 32 DDR

45

6U VME/VXS

*

Pre-D, AM, FM, CW, SSB

N channel coherent

2 RF and 32 DDR

65

6U VME/VXS

*

Pre-D, AM, FM, CW, SSB

N channel coherent

2 RF and 32 DDR

65

6U VME/VXS

*

Pre-D, AM, FM, CW, SSB

N channel coherent

2 RF and 32 DDR

85

6U VME/VXS

*

AM, FM, PM, SSB, ISB, IQ

opt common LOs for phase-matched DF

2-4

40

1U

air, grd, shp

AM, FM, PM, SSB, IQ

opt common LOs for phase-matched DF

2-4

120

2U

air, grd, shp

nband and wband analog and digital waveforms; SDR based reconfigurability

no

1

*

9 RU x 19 in. x 80 cm

grd, shp

The Journal of Electronic Defense | November 2011

SUPPORT DF

71

TECHNOLOGY SURVEY: A SAMPLING OF COMINT AND DF RECEIVERS MODEL

REC TYPE

OP FREQ

INST BW

TYP INST SENS

DYN RANGE

INST DYN RANGE

Elettronica S.p.A; Rome, Italy; +39 06 41541, www.elt-roma.com ARIES COMINT subsystem

dig

HF, V/UHF

2-20 MHz, 100500 MHz and 3 GHz

VH

*

*

ELT/332 COMINT subsystem

dig

HF, V/UHF

1.5-30 MHz and 20-3,000 MHz

H

*

*

NELTIS COMINT subsystem

dig

V/UHF

20-500 MHz and 3,000 MHz

H

*

*

ELT/131 COMINT subsystem

dig

V/UHF

20-3,000 MHz

H

*

*

Elbit Systems BMD and Land EW – Elisra Ltd.; Holon, Israel; +1-972-3-5577278; www.elisra.com TSR 2040

superhet

100 kHz-3,000 MHz

up to 340 kHz

AM: 10 dB at 6 kHz BW; FM: 17 dB at 15 kHz BW; CW: 10 dB at 500 Hz BW

130 dB

65 dB

TSR 2300

superhet

20 MHz-6,000 MHz

analog: 50 MHz; dig: 40 MHz, 20 MHz and 10 MHz

10 kHz: -105 dBm; 50 kHz: -98 dBm; 100 kHz: -95 dBm; 300 kHz: -90 dBm

120 dB

85 dB (A/D)

TWR 3000-U

superhet

20 MHz-3,000 MHz

2.5 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz and 20 MHz

1μV signal level at antenna input produces IF signal of 10 dB SNR IN 6 KHz filter BW.

120 dB

80 dB (A/D)

Elta Systems Ltd; Ashdod, Israel; +972-8-857-2312; www.elta.co.il

The Journal of Electronic Defense | November 2011

72

ELK-7036 Wideband V/UHF COMINT/DF Family

*

20-3,000 MHz

5 MHz

*

120 dB

*

ELK-7038 Wideband HF COMINT/DF Family

*

0.5-30 MHz

2 MHz

*

90 dB

*

ELK-7065 Naval HF COMINT/DF System

*

2-30 MHz

*

*

*

*

ELK-7073 Microwave COMINT System

*

0.5-18 GHz

*

*

*

*

General Dynamics Advanced Information Systems; Annapolis Junction, MD, USA; +1-240-456-5458; www.gd-ais.com/tss DFSR-3000 Compact DF system

PLL superhet SDR

2MHz-30 MHz for HF and 20-1,200 MHz for V/UHF.

50 kHz

0.35 uV/12 db SINAD

70 dB

50 dB

WolfScout - Tactical Collection Package (TCP-1)

SDR

500 Hz-30 MHz

190 kHz

-127 dBm at 500 Hz BW

>100 dB

>90 dB

Wolftrap

superhet dig channelizer

2 MHz-20 GHz

60 MHz

-114 dBm at 30 kHz BW

100 dB

70 dB

Grintek Ewation; Pretoria, South Africa; +27-83-286-0231; www.gew.co.za MRD5000w7/9

wband DF, HF, interferometric and ultra-fast scanning

500 kHz-30 MHz

0.3, 1, 2, 4, 8 MHz

-129 dBm at 125 Hz, mode and resolutios dep.

≥150 dB

≥85 dB

MRD7000w5

wband DF, HF, interferometric and ultra-fast scanning

20-3,600 MHz

1, 2, 2.5, 5, 10, 20, 40 MHz

<130 dBm

≥110 dB

>75dB

MRD7050c

wband DF and monitoring, H/V/UHF and DF interferometric.

1.5-3,600 MHz

20 MHz V/UHF

<-115 dBm, resolution-dep.

>135 dB total

MRR7000

multichannel

L/H/V/UHF models: 9 kHz-3,600 MH;. V/ UHF models: 20-3,600 MHz.

HF channels: 0.120 kHz. V/UHF channels: 0.3-160 kHz (325 kHz I/Q)

HF models: <-125 dBm, mode-dep.; V/UHF models: <-125 dBm, mode-dep.

>140 dB total for HF; >120 dB for V/UHF

>140 dB total for HF; >120 dB for V/UHF

MRRS8000 Family

combined wband and multiple nband DDR models

HF models: 1-30 MHz; V/UHF models: 203,600 MHz.

HF models: 2.5 and 5 MHz. V/UHF models:2, 10, 20, 40 MHz

-125 dBm, mode-dep

>125 dB total

HF models 90 dB typ.; V/ UHF model 80 dB typ

Indra Sistemas, S.A.; Madrid, Spain; +34-670-873-880; www.indra.es* IN/TRD-100

superhet wband dig

1-30 MHz

800 KHz

-112 dBm

125 dB

80 dB

IN/TRD-200

superhet wband dig

20-3,000 MHz

20 MHz

-105 dBm

115 dB

70 dB

IN/TSD-900

superhet wband dig

1-30 MHz

800 KHz

-112 dBm

125 dB

80 dB

IN/TSD-950

superhet wband dig

20-3,000 MHz

20 MHz

-105 dBm

115 dB

70 dB

MOD TYPES

# REC CHANNELS

PWR (in W)

SIZE

PLATFORM

*

*

3

*

*

air

*

yes

5

*

*

grd

*

yes

3 or 5

*

*

shp

*

yes

3 or 5

*

*

grd-fix

AM, FM, SSB and CW

yes

2 channels for DF; up to 8 channels for COMINT

25 max

standard long PCI card

air, grd-fix, grd-mob, shp, sub

AM, FM, ISB, USB, SSB and CW.

amplitude, phase interferometer and time of arrival

1-7 channels

60

14 x 19 x 23.5 in.

air, grd, shp, sub

*

no

1-2

65 max

5.25 x 19 x 23.5 in.

air, grd, shp, sub

AM, FM, CW, FSK, PSK

yes

*

*

*

air, grd-fix, grd-mob, shp

AM, FM, CW, FSK, USB, LSB

yes

*

*

*

air, grd-fix, grd-mob, shp

*

yes

*

*

*

shp

AM, FM, PSK, FSK/FM, 8PSK

*

*

*

*

grd-fix, grd-mob

The Journal of Electronic Defense | November 2011

SUPPORT DF

73 FM, AM and SSB

pseudo Doppler

1

12

receiver processor: 3.1 x 6.2 x 7.7 in.

grd, shp

FM, AM, SSB, LSB, USB, 2-FSK, 4-FSK, 8-FSK, BPSK, QPSK, 8-PSK and others

paired with DFSR-3000 Compact DF system (pseudo Doppler)

1 channel for monitoring; 1 channel for DF

14 W per channel

*

grd

FM, AM, SSB, suppressed carrier, pulse position, OOK, 2-FSK, 4-FSK, 8-FSK, BPSK, QPSK, 8-PSK, QAM, OQPSK and others.

amplitude and phase N-channel DF using MUSIC algorithm

5-8 channels

50

10 RU standard rack mount chassis (17.5 x 19 x 21 in.)

grd

all

interferometric

7- to 9-channel DF

560

Receiver: 4RU x 19 in. x 49 cm. Dig processor: 8RU x 19 in. x 43 cm.

grd-fix, grd-mob

all

interferometric

5 channels for DF

102

Receiver: 4U x 19 in. x 44 cm. Dig processor: 4U x 19 in. x 43 cm.

grd-fix, grd-mob

SSB, CW, AM, FM, ISB

interferometric

2 DF and 1 monitoring

40

3RU x 19 in. x 309 mm (excluding notebook computer)

grd-fix, grd-mob

SSB, CW, AM, FM, FSK, dig I/Q

no

Typ 1-4

27 W for HF. 34 W per RF channel for V/UHF

4U x 19 in. x 46 cm; compact: 3U x 24 x 46 cm

grd-fix, grd-mob

SSB, CW, AM, FM, dig I/Q

no

Typ 1 wband. 4-16 nband

HF models: 140 W. V/ UHF models: 180 W

2RU x 19 in. x 480 mm

grd-fix, grd-mob

*

phase and amplitude

3

125

19 in. x 7U x 540 mm

air, grd-mob, shp

*

phase and amplitude

up to 8

340

19 in. x 4U x 544 mm

air, grd-mob, shp

*

phase and amplitude

3

230

19 in. x 6U x 570 mm

air, grd-mob, shp

*

phase and amplitude

3-5

250-350

19 in. x 6U x 640 mm

air, grd-mob, shp

TECHNOLOGY SURVEY: A SAMPLING OF COMINT AND DF RECEIVERS MODEL

REC TYPE

OP FREQ

INST BW

TYP INST SENS

DYN RANGE

INST DYN RANGE

Innovationszentrum Telekommunikationstechnik GmbH IZT; Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany; +49-9131-4800-100; www.izt-labs.de IZT R3000/3200 series

dual-conversion superhet

9 kHz-18 GHz

24 MHz

<-126 dBm

170 dB

110 dB

IZT R3301 Portable Monitoring Receiver and RF Recorder

dual-conversion superhet

9 kHz-18 GHz

24 MHz

<-126 dBm

170 dB

110 dB

IZT R3600 5-channel DF

dual-conversion superhet

9 kHz-18GHz

24 MHz

<-126 dBm

170 dB

110 dB

IZT 4000 Wideband Receiver

dual-conversion superhet

9 kHz-18 GHz

120 MHz

<-126 dBm

170 dB

110 dB

IZT R4000-DF2 Dual channel DF Receiver

dual-conversion superhet

20 MHZ- 6 GHz

120 MHz

<-126 dBm

170 dB

110 dB

IRCOS JSC; Moscow, Russia; +7-495-615-0523; www.ircos.ru ARGAMAK 2K TwoChannel Panoramic Radio Receiver

superhet

9 kHz-3 GHz

10 MHz

14 dB

115 dB

85 dB

ARGAMAK M Panoramic Radio Receiver

superhet

9 kHz-3 GHz

8 MHz

14 dB

115 dB

85 dB

60 dB

*

Jordan Electronic Logistics Support; Amman, Jordan; +962 6 462 6551; www.jels-tech.com Signal Sniper

channelized w/ dig receiver

50 MHZ- 3 GHz

25 MHz

-100 dBm @ 10 MHz BW

L-3 Communications - Applied Signal & Image Technology; Linthicum Heights, MD, USA; +1-443-457-1111; www.l-3com.com/asit

The Journal of Electronic Defense | November 2011

74

RDF-110 DF Sensor

dual-channel coherent superhet

20-3,000 MHz

up to 200 kHz

-104 dBm (25 kHz BW/20 dB SNR).

99.3 dB

69.3 dB

RDF-160 DF Sensor

dual-channel coherent superhet

800-2,600 MHz (1002600 MHz with EFR-5)

up to 200 KHz

-101 dBm (25kHz BW/20 dB SNR)

99.3 dB

69.3 dB

RDF-190 DF Sensor

dual-channel coherent superhet

1550-1610 MHz (1150- up to 200 KHz 1260 MHz Option)

-113 dBm (25kHz BW/20 dB SNR)

99.3 dB

69.3 dB

L-3 Communications - Linkabit Division; San Diego, CA, USA; +1-800-331-9401; www.l-3com.com MD-405A

superhet

100 KHz-2 GHz

up to 200 KHz

FM: 15 KHz, 12 dB SINAD 0.9 uV. FM: 50 KHz , 12 dB SINAD 1.9 uV. FM: 200 KHz, 12 dB SINAD 3.2 uV. AM: 6 KHz , 12 dB SINAD 1.5 uV. SSB/CW: 3 KHz. 10 dB SINAD 0.4 uV.

*

*

SIGpac

superhet

100 KHz-3 GHz

6.4 MHz

FM: 15 kHz, 12 dB SINAD 0.7 uV. FM: 200 kHz, 12 dB SINAD 2.5 uV. AM: 6 kHz , 12 dB SINAD 1.8 uV. SSB/CW: 3 kHz, 10 dB SINAD 0.3 uV.

130 dB

75 dB or more

*

*

*

L-3 Communications - TRL Technology; Tewkesbury, Gloucestershire, UK; www.trltech.co.uk SMARTSCAN MEWS

superhet

2 MHz-3 GHz

40 MHz

MEDAV GmbH; Uttenreuth, Germany; +49-9131-583-0; www.medav.de CCTNG-D2

direct sampling HF

9 kHz-30 MHz

up to 24 MHz

For SNR of 10 dB = 500 Hz: -128 dBm; 3 kHz: -120 dBm; 25 kHz: -111 dBm

156 dB

90 dB SFDR

CCTNG-D3

IF sampling

30 MHz-3 GHz

up to 24 MHz

For SNR of 10 dB = 3 kHz: -114 dBm; 25 kHz: -105 dBm; 500 kHz: -92 dBm

133 dB

75 dB SFDR

CCTNG-D4

direct sampling HF

9 kHz-3 GHz

up to 24 MHz

For SNR of 10 dB at 100 kHz30 MHz = 500 Hz: -128 dBm; 3 kHz: -120 dBm. 25 kHz: -111 dBm.

9 kHz-30 MHz: 156 dB; 30 MHz-3 GHz: 133 dB

9 kHz-30 MHz: 90 dB SFDR; 30 MHz-3 GHz: 75 dB SFDR

MOD TYPES

# REC CHANNELS

PWR (in W)

SIZE

PLATFORM

FM, AM, USB, LSB, I/Q

correlative interferometer, Watson-Watt, TDOA

1

50

R3000: 1U x 19 in. x 560 mm; R3200 2U x 19 in. x 320 mm

grd-fix, grd-mob, shp, sub

FM, AM, USB, LSB, I/Q

TDOA

1

150

347 x 450 x 234 mm

grd-fix, grd-mob, shp

FM, AM, USB, LSB, I/Q

correlative interferometer, Watson-Watt, TDOA

5

45

8U x 19 in. x 500 mm

grd-fix, grd-mob, shp

FM, AM, USB, LSB, I/Q

correlative interferometer, Watson-Watt, TDOA

1

100-200

3U x 19 in. x 570 mm

grd-fix, grd-mob

FM, AM, USB, LSB, I/Q

correlative interferometer, TDOA

2

200-300

6U x 19 in. x 570mm

grd-fix, grd-mob

AM, FM, LSB, USB

amplitude, phase

2

10

10.8 x 9.8 x 6.7 in.

air, grd-mob, grd-fix, shp

AM, FM, LSB, USB

amplitude

1

10

9.4 x 4.2 x 2.2 in.

air, grd-mob, grd-fix, shp

AM, FM, PM, DSB, SSB, NBFM

no

4

*

40 x 40 x 12 cm

grd-mob

CW, AM, FM, SSB and other conventional signals

phase interferrometry

2

15

13.5 (dia.) x 7.3 H in. (without antennas)

grd-fix, grd-mob

CW, AM, FM, SSB and other conventional signals

phase interferrometry

2

18

9 x 9 x 2.2 in.

UAS

CW, AM, FM, SSB and other conventional signals

phase interferrometry

2

15

13.6 (dia.) x 11.9 H in. (without reference element)

grd-fix, grd-mob

FM, AM, SSB and CW

single-channel interferometer

1 DF, 2 monitor

9.5 typ

5.2 x 11.5 x 12.2 in.

air, grd

FM, AM, SSB, CW and ISB

single-channel interferometer

1 or 2

1 channel: 12.5 W; 2 channel: 15 W

3.2 x 11.1 x 10.1 in.

air, grd

AM, FM, SSB and CW

correlative interferometry

3

44

14 x 24 x 29 cm

grd-mob

AM, FM, CW, LSB, USB and more

Watson-Watt, interferometer and hyperbolic position finding

3 RF paths for DF with Watson-Watt; 5 RF paths for DF with interferometer

50

1 RU x 19 in. x 56 cm

air, grd, shp, sub

AM, FM, CW, LSB, USB and more

Watson-Watt, interferometer and hyperbolic position finding

3 RF paths for DF with Watson-Watt; 5 RF paths for DF with interferometer

50

1 RU x 19 in. x 560 mm

air, grd, shp, sub

AM, FM, CW, LSB, USB and more

Watson-Watt, interferometer and hyperbolic position finding

3 RF paths for DF with Watson-Watt; 5 RF paths for DF with interferometer

50

1 RU x 19 in. x 560 mm

air, grd, shp, sub

The Journal of Electronic Defense | November 2011

SUPPORT DF

75

TECHNOLOGY SURVEY: A SAMPLING OF COMINT AND DF RECEIVERS MODEL

REC TYPE

OP FREQ

INST BW

TYP INST SENS

DYN RANGE

INST DYN RANGE

PLATH GmbH; Hamburg, Germany; +49-(0)-40-23-73-40; www.plath.de Radio Direction Finder DFP5050

3-channel Watson-Watt

(0.01) 0.3-30 MHz

20 kHz

-135 dBm (SNR = 10 dB)

165 dB

>85 dB (SFDR2)

Radio Direction Finder DFP5400

3-channel Watson-Watt

1-30 MHz

selectable: 200 kHz or 2 MHz

-139 dBm (SNR = 0 dB)

169 dB

>87 dB (SFDR2)

Radio Direction Finder DFP2400

7-channel correlative interferometer

20-3,000 MHz (option: 20-5,800 MHz)

20 MHz at 500 Hz frequency resolution, indep. of time/frequency resolution (option 9.99 MHz: DFP2410)

-137 dBm

167 dB

>80 dB (SFDR2)

Radio Direction Finder DFP7207

7-channel correlative interferometer

20-3,000 MHz

9.99 MHz at 500 Hz frequency resolution

-132 dBm

162 dB

>75 dB (SFDR2)

Raytheon Applied Signal Technology, Inc.; Sunnyvale, CA, USA; +1-408-749-1888; www.appsig.com

76

Model 1240 TITAN

dig channelizer

0.5-30 MHz and 203,000 MHz.

30 MHz per RF channel

-110 dBm (0.5-30 MHz) and -114 dBm (20-3,000 MHz).

85 dB (0.5-30 MHz); 80 dB (20-3,000 MHz)

60 dB

Model 570X SIREN

superhet

411-495 MHz, 824849 MHz and 869-894 MHz.

1.23 MHz

-102 dBm

84 dB

60 dB

Model 650 ROGUE Manpack Signal Surveillance System

dig channelizer

20-3,000 MHz

50 MHz

-100 dBm

90 dB

65 dB

Model 660 HYDRA Airborne COMINT Payload

dig channelizer

20-3,000 MHz

200 MHz

-100 dBm

90 dB

65 dB

Model 680 RAIDER High-Capacity Signal Surveillance System

dig channelizer

20-3,000 MHz

200 MHz

-100 dBm

90 dB

65 dB

>100 dB

*

The Journal of Electronic Defense | November 2011

Rockwell Collins, C3I, EW&IS; Richardson, TX, USA; +1-972-705-1438; www.rockwellcollins.com XG Sensor

superhet and dig sampling

30-3,000 MHz

16 MHz

<-110 dBm

ROHDE & SCHWARZ GmbH; Munich, Germany; +49-89-4129-0; www.rohde-schwarz.com R&S®ESMD Widband Monitoring Receiver

superhet and DDR

20-3,600 MHz; 9 kHz to 26.5 GHz (optional)

20 MHz and 80 MHz versions (upgradeable)

<-126 dBm

150 dB w/ 40 dB attn (1 dB steps)

110 dB

R&S®EB500 Monitoring Receiver

superhet and DDR

20-3,600 MHz; 9 kHz to 6 GHz (optional)

20 MHz

<-126 dBm

150 dB w/ 40 dB attn (1 dB steps)

110 dB

R&S®PR100 Portable Receiver

superhet and DDR

9 kHz to 7.5 GHz

10 MHz

<-126 dBm

95 dB w/ 10 dB attn

85 dB

R&S®DDF007 Portable Direction Finder

superhet and DDR

20 MHz to 6 GHz (DF); 9 kHz to 7.5 GHz (Rx)

10 MHz

<-126 dBm

95 dB w/ 10 dB Attn

85 dB

R&S®DDF®550 Wideband Direction Finder

superhet and DDR

300 kHz to 3 GHz

80 MHz

1-10 μV/m typ.

150 dB w/ 40 dB Attn (1 dB steps)

110 dB

MOD TYPES

# REC CHANNELS

PWR (in W)

SIZE

PLATFORM

A1A, A3E, F3E, J3E+, J3E-, and B8E

yes

3

approx 96 W

3 HU x 19 in. x 16.6 in.

grd

no audio

yes

3

approx 192 W

6 HU x 19 in. x 16.6 in.

grd

AM and FM

yes (also in scan mode at 40 GHz/s)

7 channels antenna, 7 channels receiver (no switching necessary)

approx 460 W

7 HU x 19 in x 23.5 in.

grd, shp

AM and FM

yes (also in scan mode at 20 GHz/s)

7 channels antenna, 7 channels receiver (no switching necessary)

approx 460 W

7 HU x 19 in x 23.5 in.

grd, shp

AM, FM, SSB, PAM, CW, FSK, BPSK, QPSK, pi/4 QPSK and GMSK.

phase interferometer

1-64

60-100 per channel

14U rackmount. 24.5 x 19 x 19 in.

air

modern signal

TOA

1 duplex

12

1.23 x 5.6 x 8.2 in.

air, grd

FM, AM, LOG and pulse

external DF subsystem

2 RF channels

29

4 x 8.5 x 7.5 in.

grd

FM, AM, LOG and pulse

8-element phase interferometer

8 RF channels

250

7.5 x 7.6 x 19.6 in. 3/4 ATR chassis

air

FM, AM, LOG and pulse

external DF subsystem

8 RF channels

250-300

5.25 x 19 x 24 in.

grd

The Journal of Electronic Defense | November 2011

SUPPORT DF

77 *

amplitude

1

6.5 W typ, 3.5 W with power management

3.5 x 5.75 x 0.99 in.

air, grd, shp

AM, FM, PM, pulse, I/Q, TV, USB, LSB, CW, ISB

HF: Amplitude (WatsonWatt); VHF/UHF/SHF: Phase (correlative interferometer)

1 + 4 DDCs

100-250

17.6 x 42.6 x 45 cm

air, grd-fix, grd-mob, shp, sub

AM, FM, PM, pulse, I/Q, USB, LSB, CW, ISB

HF: Amplitude (WatsonWatt); VHF/UHF/SHF: Phase (correlative interferometer)

1 + 3 DDCs

40-120

21.3 x 13.2 x 45 cm

air, grd-fix, grd-mob, shp, sub

AM, FM, pulse, I/Q, USB, LSB, CW, ISB

VHF: amplitude (WatsonWatt); UHF/SHF: phase (correlative interferometer)

1

AC (external power supply): 100-240 V; DC : 15 V DC +/- 10%, 2 A

32. x 19.2 x 6.2 cm

grd-mob, grd-fix

AM, FM, pulse, I/Q, USB, LSB, CW, ISB

VHF: amplitude (WatsonWatt); UHF/SHF: phase (correlative interferometer)

1

AC (external power supply): 100-240 V; DC : 15 V DC +/- 10%, 2 A

32 x 19.2 x 6.2 cm

grd-mob, grd-fix

AM, FM, PM, pulse, I/Q, USB, LSB, CW, ISB

HF: amplitude (WatsonWatt); VHF/UHF/SHF: phase (correlative interferometer)

1

400 W (depending on options installed)

42.6 × 17.6 × 45 cm

air, grd-fix, grd-mob, shp, sub

TECHNOLOGY SURVEY: A SAMPLING OF COMINT AND DF RECEIVERS MODEL

REC TYPE

OP FREQ

INST BW

TYP INST SENS

DYN RANGE

INST DYN RANGE

Southwest Research Institute (SwRI); San Anotnio, TX, USA; +210-522-2902; www.swri.org HNW-22X Wideband N-Channel HF DF System

channelizer (digital)

2-30 MHz

8-28 MHz

*

*

92 dB

MBS-567A Wideband COMINT and DF System

superhet, channelizer (digital)

2-3,000 MHz

16 MHz

•

•

•

MBS-650 COMINT/DF System

superhet, channelizer (digital)

20-3,000 MHz

25 MHz

•

•

•

MPB-475 ManPack VHF/UHF DF System

superhet, channelizer (digital)

50-3,000 MHz

10 MHz

17 – 3 dBμV/m

•

•

WBM-625 Wideband superhet, channelizer V/UHF COMINT System (digital)

20-3,000 MHz

30 MHz

•

•

•

Synetics Defence Systems; Tewkesbury, Gloucestershire, UK; +44 1684 29 5807; www.synx.com/defence Chili Communications ESM

SDR

30-3,000 MHz

22.5 MHz

•

•

•

TCI; Fremont, CA, USA; +1-510-687-6110; www.tcibr.com

The Journal of Electronic Defense | November 2011

78

TCI 802C HF Wideband DF System

hybrid superhet; channelized analog/dig receiver

0.3-30 MHz

500 kHz or 2 MHz (dual BW receivers)

-120 dBm at 1 KHz BW

130 dB

85 dB in 2-MHz BW

TCI 803C

hybrid superhet; channelized analog/dig receiver

20-3,000 MHz (opt HFDF monitoring).

2 or 20 MHz (dual BW receivers)

-120 dBm at 1 KHz BW

130 dB

>80 dB at 20-MHz BW; >85 dB at 2-MHz BW

TCI 902C HF Wideband DF System

hybrid superhet; channelized analog/dig receiver

0.3-30 MHz

500 kHz or 2 MHz for DF; 36 MHz for HF monitoring

-120 dBm at 1 KHz BW

130 dB

>80 dB at 20-MHz BW; >85 dB at 2-MHz BW

TCI 903C

hybrid superhet; channelized analog/dig receiver

20-3,000 MHz (opt 6 GHz).

2 or 20 MHz (dual BW receivers); 36 MHz for monitoring

-120 dBm at 1 KHz BW

130 dB

>80 dB at 20-MHz BW; >85 dB at 2-MHz BW

TCI 9091C HF Wideband DF System

hybrid superhet; channelized analog/dig receiver

0.3-30 MHz

500 kHz or 2 MHz (or can be stacked up to 12 MHz)

-120 dBm at 1 KHz BW

130 dB

>80 dB at 20-MHz BW; >85 dB at 2-MHz BW

Thales Group; Colombes Cedex, France; www.thalesgroup.com TRC 6200

DF and superhet receiver

0.3-30 MHz HF DF; 20-3000 MHz V/ UHF DF

2 MHz in HF; 40 MHz in V/UHF.

-125 dBm

120 dB

>80 dB

TRC 6201

DF and superhet receiver

20-3,800 MHz

40 MHz

-125 dBm

120 dB

80 dB

TRC 6202

DF and superhet receiver

20-3,800 MHz

40 MHz

-125 dBm

120 dB

80 dB

TRC 6300

DF and superhet receiver

20-3,000 MHz

20 MHz

-125 dBm

120 dB

80 dB

TRC 6500

direct sampling

1-30 MHz

30 Mhz

-125 dBm

120 dB

80 dB

Ultra Electronics Telemus; Ottawa, ON, Canada; +613-592-2288; www.ultra-telemus.com C-EAGLE

superhet

10 kHz: >3 GHz

>30 MHz

>100 dBm

>80 dB

>80 dB

MicroEAGLE

superhet

20 MHz-3 GHz

2 or 16 MHz, others opt

>100 dBm

>80 dB

>80 dB

MOD TYPES

# REC CHANNELS

PWR (in W)

SIZE

PLATFORM

•

vector match, superresolution

3-24

*

*

grd-fix

PSK, MSK, FSK, QAM, SSB, FM and many others

vector match

2

•

•

shp

•

vector match; time and freq opt.

2

250

12 x 19 x 22 in.

air

•

vector match

2

30

12 x 10 12 in. (excluding antenna)

grd-mob

CW, AM, FM, USB, LSB, ISB, MSK and many others

vector match

2

•

•

grd-fix, grd-mob

nband AM, FM, SSB, CW

TDOA

1 monitoring; 1 DF (opt for 2- and 3-channel DF)

35-60

body-worn single channel: 4 x 6 x 10 in.; vehiclular 2-channel: 6 x 9 x 14 in.

grd-fix, grd-mob

DF on all modulations

correlative interferometry and Watson-Watt

2

<200

7 x 19 x 20 in.

grd

DF on all modulations

correlative interferometry

multi-channel receiver (dep on config).

<200

7 x 19 x 20 in.

grd, shp

DF on all modulations

correlative interferometry and Watson-Watt

dual-channel receiver for DF; 32, 64 or 96 for monitoring and analysis

<200

14 x 19 x 20 in.

grd

all

correlative interferometry

multi-channel receiver (dep on config).

<200

14 x 19 x 20 in.

grd, shp

DF on all modulations

correlative interferometry

N-channel (can be stacked for instantaneous BW)

<200

28 x 19 x 21 in.

grd-fix

AM, FM (N0N ); Analog: A3E, F3E, J3E, H3E; Digital: OOK, (FM, AM) BPSK, (FM, AM) QPSK, (FM, AM) FSKx, (FM, AM) CPM, (FM, AM) OFDM QAMx, PSKx, (p/k) PSKx

interferometry and Watson-Watt

2

90

47 x 14 x 31 cm

air, grd-fix, grd-mob, shp, sub

AM, FM (N0N ); Analog: A3E, F3E, J3E, H3E; Digital: OOK, (FM, AM) BPSK, (FM, AM) QPSK, (FM, AM) FSKx, (FM, AM) CPM, (FM, AM) OFDM QAMx, PSKx, (p/k) PSKx

no

up to 6

dep on config

3U-9U x 19-in.

air, grd-fix, grd-mob, shp, sub

AM, FM (N0N ); Analog: A3E, F3E, J3E, H3E; Digital: OOK, (FM, AM) BPSK, (FM, AM) QPSK, (FM, AM) FSKx, (FM, AM) CPM, (FM, AM) OFDM QAMx, PSKx, (p/k) PSKx

no

1

dep on config

4U x 19 in.

air, grd-fix, grd-mob, shp, sub

AM, FM (N0N ); Analog: A3E, F3E, J3E, H3E; Digital: OOK, (FM, AM) BPSK, (FM, AM) QPSK, (FM, AM) FSKx, (FM, AM) CPM, (FM, AM) OFDM QAMx, PSKx, (p/k) PSKx

correlative interferomerty

5

400

12U, 19 in.

air, grd-fix, grd-mob, shp, sub

AM, FM (N0N ); Analog: A3E, F3E, J3E, H3E; Digital : OOK, (FM, AM) BPSK, (FM, AM) QPSK, (FM, AM) FSKx, (FM, AM) CPM, (FM, AM) OFDM QAMx, PSKx, (p/k) PSKx

high resolution, Watson-Watt

10

dep on config

19-in. rack, dep on config.

grd-fix, grd-mob, shp

FM, AM, SSB, CW, DSB-SC, BFSK, MSK-type, BPSK, QPSK and others.

DF interferometer

1-4

dep on config

6u x EIA 19-in. rack x 24 in

air, shp

FM, AM, SSB, CW, DSB-SC, BFSK, MSK-type, BPSK, QPSK and others.

DF interferometer

1-4

dep on config

1u x EIA 19-in. rack

air, grd-mob

The Journal of Electronic Defense | November 2011

SUPPORT DF

79

S u r ve y Ke y – C O M I N T/ D F R e c e i ve r s MODEL Product name or model number\ REC TYPE Receiver type • A/D = analog to digital • BW = bandwidth • DDR = direct digital receiver • DF = direction-finding • dig = digital • HF = high frequency • IF = intermediate frequency • LAN = local area network • nband = narrowband • PLL = phase-locked loop • RF = radio frequency • SDR = software-defined radio • superhet = superheterodyne • USB = universal serial bus • wband = wideband OP FREQ Operating frequency INST BW Instantaneous bandwidth (if different from operating frequency) TYP INST SENS

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80

Typical Installed Sensitivity • MDS = minimum discernible signal • RBW = resolution bandwidth • SINAD = signal-to-noise-and-distortion • SNR = signal-to-noise ratio DYN RANGE Total dynamic range • AGC = automatic gain control INST DYN RANGE Instantaneous dynamic range • SFDR = spur-free dynamic range MOD TYPES Modulation types it can process • AM = amplitude modulation • BFSK = binary frequency shift keying • BPSK = binary phase shift keying • CDMA = code division multiple access • CPM = continuous phase modulation • CW = continuous wave • DBPSK = differential binary phase shift keying • DF = decision feedback • DQPSK = differential quaternary phase shift keying • DSBSC = double sideband-suppressed carrier • EVDO = evolution-data optimized • FM = frequency modulation • FSK = frequency shift keying

• GMSK = Gaussian filtered minimum shift keying • GSM = global system for mobile • I/Q = in-phase/quadrature • ISB = independent sideband • LSB = lower sideband • MQAM = multilevel quadrature amplitude modulation • MSK = minimum shift keying •OFDM = orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing • OOK = on/off key • OQPSK = offset quadrature phase shift keying • PAM = pulse-amplitude modulation • PM = phase modulation • QAM = quadrature amplitude modulation • QPSK = quadrature phase shift keying • SQPSK = staggered quadrature phase shift keying • SSB = single-sideband • USB = upper sideband • VSB = vestigial sideband SUPPORT DF Does it support DF and with what technology? • LO = local oscillator • MUSIC = multiple signal classification • SHF = super high frequency • TOA = time of arrival # REC CHANNELS Number of receiver channels (RF paths) to create a complete system PWR (in W) Power dissipated in Watts per channel • AC = alternating current • DC = direct current SIZE (in in/cm) Size by height x weight x length, or diameter, in inches • ATR = air transport rack • PCI = peripheral component interconnect • RU = rack unit • VME = virtual machine environment PLATFORM Platform • air= airborne • grd= ground • grd-fix = ground-fixed • grd-mob = ground-mobile • shp = shipboard • sub = submarine WEIGHT Weight in lb/kg

OTHER ABBREVIATIONS USED • opt = option/optional • dep = dependent • config = configuration • wband = wideband • nband = narrowband • < = greater than • > = less than • min = minimum • max = maximum • deg = degree • freq = frequency * Indicates answer is classified, not releasable or no answer was given. OTHER COMPANIES This reference list includes websites for additional companies in the field that were unable to provide survey information due to security constraints or publication deadlines, or that declined to participate. Company Name

Website

BAE Systems ........www.baesystems.com Cubic Defense Applications ...............www.cubic.com Digital Receiver Technology ...................www.drti.com Harris Corp. .................www.harris.com IOMAX ......................... www.iomax.net Lockheed Martin MS2 – Owego ...............www.lmco.com Northrop Grumman ...www.northropgrumman.com Raytheon Intelligence and Information Systems................ www.raytheon.com Radio Reconnaissance Technologies....... www.radiorecon.com SensorCom Inc. ................www.sensorcominc.com Shoghi Communications ..... www.shoghi.co.in Sierra Nevada Corp. .....www.sncorp.com Verint..........................www.verint.com

March 2012 Product Survey: DRFMs for EW Applications This survey will cover digital radio frequency memory (DRFM) units manufactured for EW applications. Please e-mail [email protected] to request a survey

EW 101

Spectrum Warfare – Part 7

Digital Communication continued

By Dave Adamy

DATA TRANSFER WITHOUT A LINK

CENTRAL PROCESSING FACILITY UPDATE DATA BASE VALIDATE NEWLY ACQUIRED THREAT DATA UPDATE OPERATING SOFTWARE

TRANSPORTABLE MEDIA

STAND-ALONE JAMMER OR RECEIVER STAND-ALONE JAMMER OR RECEIVER

STAND-ALONE JAMMER OR RECEIVER

In commercial distributed entertainment and personal computing, all of these trade-offs are being made and are Figure 1: Information can be input to, or extracted from, stand-alone systems using portable changing rapidly. media. Consider electronically delivered movies. First, there was the video cassette recorder (VCR); now largely replaced by the digital video ment can be as complex as a desktop computer or as small and disk (DVD). We could purchase or rent video tapes or disks of light as a cell phone. Basically, you have no dedicated receiving movies and play them on our own video players. No link delivequipment associated with getting a movie to you. However, ery of information was required, but we were required to have you do need to have a rather complex multiple-use device to recomplex equipment (VCR or DVD player) at the point of use, ceive, process and deliver the information…and you need a data and the movies had to be physically delivered to the point of link. The greater the bandwidth of your data link, the faster you use on some media. will get the information and the higher its quality will be. It is An excellent analogy is the loading of threat identification normally highly impractical to send video information unless it tables into Radar Warning Receivers (RWRs) in the 1970s. The is compressed, and in general, the quality of the delivered data data was stored in the RWR but had to be updated by the physivaries inversely with the amount of compression. cal transportation of updated data sets. Anyone involved with any part of this process is aware of the significant logistical SOFTWARE LOCATION challenges associated with the control, validation and security It is instructive to consider what is happening in the perof update data and the complexity and maintenance requiresonal computing software business. Originally, you bought and ments involved. installed software directly onto your personal computer. The Figure 1 shows the general concept of using transportable software was licensed, but enforcement was difficult. Now, you media. In EW systems, the transportable media can move colcan rarely activate software without contacting the manufaclected data from stand-alone systems to a central facility to supturer, achieving accountability. The generator of the software port operating system and data base updates, and the resulting knows who has it, and can authorize its use by only qualified upgrades can be then loaded into the stand-alone systems. users. You can also download software with the same controls and security measures. The software manufacturer provides periodic upgrades to the software to all authorized users. This LINKED DATA TRANSMISSION type of software and data distribution is applicable to both Now you can have your movies “streamed” to your personal commercial and military situations. Of course, the level of secomputer. You can order the movie you want at the time you curity and authorization control is generally more rigorous for want it, and the transmitting facility will know (and bill you the military data. for) exactly the delivered information. Your receiving equip-

The Journal of Electronic Defense | November 2011

T

here are several important issues related to the bandwidth used to transport information from one location to another: • the complexity of the link, • the location of complex equipment required to generate, store or use information, and • the vulnerability of links to hostile intercept or transmitter location. Each of these issues requires tradeoffs in the design of network based military capabilities.

81

E W101 In both cases, the receiving station must have the ability PERSONAL to store all of the software and have enough reconfigurable COMPUTER memory to run the applications. Because there is no real-time WITH ALL interaction required, authorization and data downloading can SOFTWARE be accomplished over almost any available link. Narrow links will require significantly more time to transfer data (at a slow rate) than wider links. Now there is a movement, known as cloud computing, to have the software retained by the manufacturer. The user will CENTRAL FACILITY SIMPLIFIED WITH ALL COMPLEX PERSONAL access the software over a link, uploading input data and conWIDEBAND SOFTWARE COMPUTER trol functions and downloading answers. (See Figure 2.) The LINK benefit is that the user equipment can be significantly less complex, requiring relatively little local memory or computer Figure 2: Personal computer software can be completely located in the power. Another benefit is that the manufacturer can perform computer or can be held in a central location and accessed as required. software maintenance directly; every user will then always have properly upgraded software. What this process is doing, is moving capabilRECEIVER OR JAMMER WITH DATA BASE & ity from the end user to a central location. The COMPUTATIONresult is reduction of complexity at the user INTENSIVE location but increased reliance upon links and FUNCTIONS RECEIVER OR JAMMER RECEIVER OR JAMMER an increased requirement for link bandwidth WITH DATA BASE & WITH DATA BASE & – driven by the real-time (or near-real-time) COMPUTATIONCOMPUTATIONINTENSIVE interaction between the computer and the cenINTENSIVE FUNCTIONS FUNCTIONS tral facility.

The Journal of Electronic Defense | November 2011

82

DISTRIBUTED MILITARY CAPABILITY RECEIVER OR JAMMER Let’s generalize to the location of capabilRECEIVER OR JAMMER WITH DATA BASE & ity in a distributed military system. As shown WITH DATA BASE & COMPUTATIONCOMPUTATIONin Figure 3, it is possible to have a great deal INTENSIVE INTENSIVE FUNCTIONS of capability at the user location. In EW appliFUNCTIONS cations, the user can be an intercept receiver, a jammer or some other EW equipment. This Figure 3: A distributed military system can have most of its capability resident in local approach has the advantage of fast access to user devices, allowing narrowband interconnection links. all system capabilities at the user location without critical real-time dependence on one or more links. Also, multiple user equipment units can operate cooperativeRECEIVER RECEIVER RECEIVER OR OR OR ly, passing data between themselves as required over relaJAMMER JAMMER JAMMER tively narrowband links. There are many user locations, so a great deal of parallel capability will be required. In addition to additional size, weight, power and cost, there are security concerns. If a piece of user equipment falls into enemy hands, it can be analyzed to determine its capabilities, and protected CENTRAL FACILITY data base information may also be extractable. WITH DATA BASE & COMPUTATION-INTENSIVE On the other hand, a significant part of the integrated FUNCTIONS system capability can be implemented at a central location as shown in Figure 4. In this case, the total system complexity and maintenance effort is reduced. Further, the user equipFigure 4: The complexity of local user devices can be reduced by accessing a complex central facility over wideband links. ment typically “goes into harm’s way,” close to the enemy, and is thus more subject to destruction or hostile acquisition than WHAT’S NEXT equipment at a (presumably safer) central location. Next month, we will discuss the level of anti-detection and If databases and computation-intensive processes are held anti-jamming protection provided by links as a function of the at a central location, there can be no performance without type and level of LPI techniques used. We will also cover limidependable, real time, wideband communication between the tations on link bandwidth and the relative level of transmisuser locations and the central facility. This makes the security sion security required. For your comments and suggestions, and robustness of the data links central to the functionality of Dave Adamy can be reached at [email protected]. a the integrated system.

The Second EW India International Conference (EWCI-2012) BANGALORE, INDIA, 21-24 FEBRUARY 2012 The Second International Conference on Electronic Warfare (EWCI-2012), the sequel to the hugely successful 2010 Conference, will be held at National Science Seminar Complex, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore from 21-24 February 2012. The award-winning India Chapter of Association of Old Crows (AOC), Bangalore, is organizing the Conference in collaboration with The Shephard Group, UK. The Conference is supported by Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), India. Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL), Bangalore and Society of Defence Technologists (SODET), Bangalore are the major sponsors of the event. The Conference addresses the technical and commercial needs of operational users, planners, developers, procurers, testers and trainers of the latest EW Technologies and systems. A large-scale indoor exhibition with more than 65 Booths is organized, displaying the latest EW products from international EW organizations. The Conference is envisaged to be a confluence of EW professionals who would collaborate for the future developments in the field at global level, hence the theme of the Conference: “EW: Collaborate and Achieve.” Call for Technical Papers: Original contributions with indepth technical contents based on theoretical/experimental work are solicited from scientists, engineers and academicians working in the field of Electronic Warfare. Broad areas include advances in EW systems/architectures/techniques, EW systems modeling and simulation, testing & evaluation, simulators, EW and EO systems and threat simulators, network centric and information warfare, suppression of enemy air defense (SEAD), EW antennas, active electronically scanned arrays (AESA) and shared apertures, LPI emitters techniques for interception and countermeasures, communication DF receivers, digital receivers, EW signal processors, directed energy weapons (DEW), microwave and millimeter wave technology for EW, SIGINT, RWR, ESM, multi-sensor warner, lightweight EW systems for UAV, aerostat and other platforms, etc. Pre-Conference Tutorials: One-day pre-Conference tutorials by eminent international experts in the field are being ar-

ranged. The tutorials will be of value for young professionals to get in-depth exposure to the state-of-the-art technology. Details will be available on the web at www.aoc-india.org once finalized. Topics to be covered in the tutorials (tentatively) are: cyber/information warfare, digital receivers and signal processing, ECM techniques and PFM creation. Delegation: The Conference and the pre-Conference tutorials attract more than 400 delegates including scientists and engineers from DRDO, India, defense public sector organizations in India, personnel from Indian armed services and Indian EW industry. International delegation includes R&D professionals from global EW organizations, authors and members of AOC. Log on to AOC India Chapter website (www.aoc-india.org) for details regarding the delegate fees including early-bird offers and concessions to AOC members. Technical Exposition: The indoor exhibition organized at the venue of the Conference during 22-24 February 2012 may be utilized for showcasing EW systems and subsystems, components, models, software and multimedia presentations. This gives an excellent business opportunity and allows interacting with various vendors, EW professionals, R&D organizations and armed services from global participation. Sponsors for the Conference are solicited in different categories (Diamond, Gold, Silver and Bronze) and individual booths are open for registration on first-come, first-served basis. Event sponsorships are also available. Log on to www.aoc-india.org for further details, cost and availability of sponsorships. Souvenir Guide and Proceedings: A souvenir (A4 size, multicolor) guide containing messages from dignitaries, abstracts of technical papers, invited articles, exhibitor index and advertisements from EW organizations will be published. There is an excellent advertisement opportunity in the souvenir guide as well as in the hardcopy of the Conference proceedings. All the delegates and exhibitors are entitled to get a soft and hard copies of the souvenir guide and proceedings. The soft/hard copies will be made available to libraries and others at a nominal price.

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TMD Technologies Ltd Swallowfield Way Hayes Middlesex UB3 1DQ UK +44 20 8573 5555 www.tmd.co.uk 84 The Journal of Electronic Defense | November 2011

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Join the AOC

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AOC Industry and Institute/University Members SUSTAINING

INSTITUTE/UNIVERSITY Georgia Tech Research Institute Mercer Engineering Research Center National EW Research and Simulation Center

GROUP 453 EWS/EDW Research AAI Corporation Active Spectrum Inc. Advanced Concepts Advanced Testing Technologies Aeronix Aethercomm, Inc. Air Scan Inc. Akon, Inc. Alion Science and Technology Alpha Design Technologies Pvt. Ltd. American Systems AMPEX Data Systems Amplifier Technology Limited Anaren Microwave, Inc. Anatech Electronics Annapolis Micro Systems, Inc. Anritsu Applied Geo Technologies

Eonic B.V. ESL Defence Limited ESROE Limited Esterline Defense Group ET Industries ETM Electromatic Inc. e2v Aerospace and Defense, Inc. EW Simulation Technology Ltd EWA-Australia Pty Ltd. GBL Systems Gigatronics Inc. Honeywell International Huber + Suhner Hutchins & Associates, Inc. Impact Science & Technology Innovationszentrum Fur Telekommunikation -stechnik GmbH (IZT) Integrated Microwave Technologies, LLC ITCN, Inc. iVeia, LLC Jabil Circuit JB Management, Inc. JT3, LLC Keragis Corporation KMIC Technology KOR Electronics, Inc. L-3 Communications L-3 Communications-Applied Signal & Image Technology L-3 Communications Cincinnati Electronics L-3 Communications/ Randtron Antenna Systems LNX Corporation Lockheed Martin Lockheed Martin Aculight Corporation Logos Microwave Longmont Machining Lorch Microwave LS telcom AG MacAulay-Brown MANTECH Security Technologies Mass Consultants MC Countermeasures, Inc. MegaPhase Mercury Computer Systems Micro-Coax, Inc. Microsemi Corporation

Micro Systems MiKES Microwave Electronic Systems Inc. Miles Industrial Electronics Ltd. Milso AB MITEQ, Inc. The MITRE Corporation MRSL Multiconsult Srl My-konsult New World Solutions, Inc. Nova Defence Nurad Technologies, Inc Ophir RF Inc. Optocon USA, Division of Impulse Orion International Technologies Overlook Systems Technology Overwatch Systems Ltd. Parker Aerospace (SprayCool) Phoenix International Systems, Inc. Plath, GmbH Protium Technologies, Inc. QUALCOMM Queued Solutions, L.L.C. Rafael-Electronic Systems Div. Research Associates of Syracuse, Inc. RF Simulation Systems Inc. Rheinmetall Air Defence AG Rising Edge Technologies Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co. KG RUAG Holding Science Applications International Corporation Scientific Research Corporation SELEX Galileo Inc. The Shephard Group Siemens IT Solutions and Services Sierra Nevada Corporation Sivers IMA AB Soneticom, Inc. SOS International SOURIAU PA&E Southern Marketing Associates, Inc. SpecPro-Inc. Spectranetix, Inc.

Spectrum Signal Processing by Vecima SRC, Inc. SRCTec, Inc. SRI International Strategic Influence Alternatives, Inc. Subsidium Sunshine Aero Industries SURVICE Engineering Co. Symetrics Industries, LLC Sypris Data Systems Systematic Software Engineering Systems & Processes Engineering Corp. SystemWare Inc. Tactical Technologies Inc. Tadiran Electronic Systems Ltd. TASC TCI International Tech Resources, Inc. Technical Information Products & Services LLC (TIPS) Technology Management Consultants TECOM Industries TEK Microsystems, Inc. Tektronix, Inc. Tektronix Component Solutions Teledyne Technologies Teleplan AS Teligy TERASYS Technologies, LLC TERMA A/S Thales Components Corp. Thales Homeland Security Times Microwave Systems TINEX AS TMD Technologies TRAK Microwave TriaSys Technologies Corp. Tri Star Engineering TRU Corporation Ultra Electronics Avalon Systems Ultra Electronics Telemus Vigilance VMR Electronics LLC Wavepoint Research, Inc. Werlatone Inc. Wideband Systems, Inc. X-Com Systems ZETA Associates Zodiac Data Systems

BECOME An Industry OR INSTITUTE/UNIVERSITY MEMBER Sign up now to become an industry or institute/university member and receive a discount on exhibit space at the AOC National Convention in Washington, DC. Exhibit space is selling quickly. For more information on industry membership visit our website at www.crows.org or contact Glorianne O’Neilin at [email protected] or (703) 549-1600.

AOC INDUSTRY OR INSTITUTE/UNIVERSITY MEMBER BENEFITS • Opportunity to designate key employees for AOC membership • Reduced rates for exhibit space at the AOC National Convention • Free organization narrative annually in the Journal of Electronic Defense (JED) • Names of industry members will appear in each issue of JED • Sponsored members receive discount for courses, and technical symposia • Strengthened industry/association/government coalition • Nonpartisan government relations • Highly ethical forum for free exchange of information INDUSTRY FEE SCHEDULE • Expanded participation in professional activities (Company size determines fee except for • Valuable professional contacts. sustaining members) MEMBER TYPE SUSTAINING (ANY SIZE) INSTITUTE/UNIVERSITY LARGE (400+ Employees) MEDIUM (50-399 Employees) SMALL (10-49 Employees) CONSULTANT (1-9 Employees)

ANNUAL FEE $3,000 $1,500 $1,500 $1,000 $500 $300

SPONSORED MEMBERS 30 25 22 15 10 5

The Journal of Electronic Defense | November 2011

Agilent Technologies Applied Research Associates Inc. Argon ST BAE SYSTEMS The Boeing Company Chemring Group Plc DRS Defense Solutions Electronic Warfare Associates, Inc. Elettronica, SpA General Dynamics ITT Northrop Grumman Corporation Raytheon Company Rockwell Collins Saab TASC Thales Communications Thales Aerospace Division

Applied Signal Technology ARIEL Group, Inc. ARINC, Inc. Aselsan A.S. ATDI ATK Missile Systems Company Avalon Electronics, Inc. Azure Summit Technologies, Inc. Battlespace Simulations, Inc. Bharat Electronics Ltd. Blackhawk Management Corporation Blue Ridge Envisioneering, Inc. Booz & Allen Hamilton CACI International CAE CAP Wireless, Inc. Ceralta Technologies Inc. Clausewitz Technology ClearanceJobs.com Cobham DES M/A-Com Communications Audit UK Ltd. Comtech PST Concord Components Inc. CPI Crane Aerospace & Electronics Group CSIR CSP Associates Cubic Defense Curtiss-Wright Controls Embedded Computing CyberVillage Networkers Inc. DARE Electronics Inc. dB Control Defence R&D Canada Defense Research Associates Inc. Delta Microwave DHPC Technologies, Inc. Dynetics, Inc. EADS Deutschland GmbH, Defense Electronics Elcom Technologies, Inc. Electro-Metrics Elisra Electronic Systems, Ltd ELTA Systems Ltd EM Research Inc. Empower RF Systems EMS Technologies Inc.

85

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Schedule of Events All sessions will be held at the Marriott Wardman Park Hotel unless otherwise noted.

9:00 a.m. - 5:00 p.m.

Electronic Warfare Update Course (4 days)

THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 10 - FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 11 9:00 a.m. - 5:00 p.m.

Intelligence Support for Spectrum Operations Course (2 days)

SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 12 - SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 13 9:00 a.m. - 5:00 p.m.

Survey of Electromagnetic Battle Control Applications Course (2 days)

9:00 a.m. - 5:00 p.m.

Effectiveness Evaluation of Electronic Self Protection Course (2 days)

The Journal of Electronic Defense | November 2011

TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 8 - FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 11

SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 13 1:00 p.m. - 7:00 p.m.

AOC Central Open (Registration & AOC Membership Booth)

6:30 p.m. - 9:30 p.m.

Welcome Reception - Sunday Night Football Party sponsored by Northrop Grumman

MONDAY, NOVEMBER 14 7:00 a.m. - 7:00 p.m.

AOC Central Open

7:00 a.m. - 7:00 p.m.

Lockheed Martin Lounge Open (continental breakfast, coffee & internet cafe)

7:00 a.m. - 9:30 a.m.

Continental Breakfast

8:30 a.m. - 10:00 a.m.

Opening Session and Keynote Speaker

10:15 a.m. - 11:45 p.m.

Symposium Session 1 – The Overarching Goal – Integration of the EMS across the DIME

11:45 p.m. - 12:15 p.m.

Grab and Go Lunch

12:15 p.m. - 2:00 p.m.

Symposium – Concurrent Sessions Session 2 – Inﬂuence Operations and the Future of IO Session 3 – U.S. Cyber Security Strategy and the EMS

2:15 p.m. - 4:00 p.m.

Symposium – Concurrent Sessions Session 4 – International EW: Status of International Cooperation and Coalition Interoperability Session 5 – Technology Panel: Quantifying EMS Capabilities

4:00 p.m. - 7:30 p.m.

Exhibit Hall Open

6:00 p.m. - 7:30 p.m.

Reception in Exhibit Hall

7:30 p.m. - 11:00 p.m.

AOC Foundation Celebration of Excellence Awards Ceremony and Reception

Watch the Convention Video

87

Schedule of Events TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 15 7:00 a.m. - 5:30 p.m.

AOC Central Open

7:00 a.m. - 5:30 p.m.

Lockheed Martin Lounge Open

7:00 a.m. - 9:30 a.m.

Continental Breakfast

8:00 a.m. - 9:00 a.m.

Keynote Speaker / General Session

9:15 a.m. - 11:00 a.m.

Symposium – Concurrent Sessions Session 6 – The Need for Investments in Leadership and Improving the Capacity of Acquisition Processes in Rapidly Advancing Technologies Session 7 – Developing a Spectrum Workforce: Ensuring EMS Advancements Session 8 - Industry Perspective – Technology Forecasting, Anticipating Understanding and Integrating Emerging Commercial Technologies

11:00 a.m. - 6:00 p.m.

Exhibit Hall Open

11:15 a.m. – 1:00 p.m.

Symposium – Concurrent Sessions Session 9 – Enhanced Joint Coalition Interoperability through EW Standards Session 10 – Technology Panel: Quantifying EMS Capabilities – Harnessing Current and Future Technologies and Processes Session 11 – Status of Forces: Are We Prepared?

The Journal of Electronic Defense | November 2011

88

1:00 p.m. - 2:30 p.m.

Networking Lunch in Exhibit Hall

1:30 p.m. - 4:30 p.m.

Chapter Presidents Meeting

2:00 p.m. - 6:00 p.m.

Integration of EA and Cyber Attack Course

4:30 p.m. - 6:00 p.m.

Reception in Exhibit Hall

6:00 p.m. - 7:30 p.m.

Multi-National Forum (Lt Gen Tom McInerny, USAF (Ret))

7:30 p.m. - 10:00 p.m.

ITT Roost

WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 16 7:30 a.m. - 2:30 p.m.

AOC Central Open

7:30 a.m. - 2:30 p.m.

Lockheed Martin Lounge Open

8:00 a.m. - 10:00 a.m.

Exhibit Hall Open - Networking Breakfast (hot breakfast stations)

10:15 a.m. – 10:45 a.m.

Keynote Speaker / General Session

11:00 a.m. – 12:30 p.m.

Symposium – Concurrent Sessions Session 12 – Tying it All Together: Managing EMS Operations to Our Advantage Session 13 – Can We Respond to an Adaptive Threat? Session 14 – Countering the Current and Emerging EMS Threat

12:45 p.m. - 2:15 p.m.

Symposium – Concurrent Sessions Session 15 – The Next Threat Technology Leap Session 16 – Technology Panel: Re-Emergence of Electromagnetic Spectrum Dominance

2:30 p.m. - 4:15 p.m.

AOC Annual Luncheon featuring the Capitol Steps (Open to Full Symposium Attendees)

THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 17 8:00 a.m. - 5:00 p.m.

AOC Classiﬁed Symposium – The High Art of War: The Evolution of EW and Cyber

9:00 a.m. - 5:00 p.m.

Modeling and Simulation Course (2 days)

9:00 a.m. - 5:00 p.m.

Survey of EW UAS Application and Payloads Course (2 days)

FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 18 9:00 a.m. - 5:00 p.m.

Modeling and Simulation Course (2 days)

9:00 a.m. - 5:00 p.m.

Survey of EW UAS Application and Payloads Course (2 days)

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Symposium Schedule Convention Chairman

Lt Gen Robert “Bob” Elder Jr., USAF (Ret.) Research Professor George Mason University Schedule and speakers current as of October 25, 2011. Subject to change.

MONDAY, NOVEMBER 14 8:30 a.m. - 10:00 a.m.

OPENING KEYNOTE SESSION Maj Gen Jay Santee, USAF Principal Director, Ofﬁce of the Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense The EMS Warrior

10:15 a.m. - 11:45 a.m.

SESSION 1: The Overarching Goal – Integration of the EMS across the DIME In the 21st Century, the Diplomatic, Informational, Military, Economic and Law Enforcement (DIME-LE) elements of national power operate in a global environment characterized by socioeconomic interdependence, uncertainty, complexity, and continual change. This session will explore the global environment and its critical dependency on access to and operations within the Electromagnetic Spectrum. Session Chair Mr. Walter Wolf, President , AOC Session Speaker Dr. Lani Kass, Senior Policy Advisor to the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, OCJCS

12:15 p.m. - 2:00 p.m.

CONCURRENT SESSIONS SESSION 2: Inﬂuence Operations and the Future of IO This session examines the new deﬁnition of IO and how the DoD should organize IO as an integrating strategy. Topics for discussion include the potential implications of the convergence of IO, EW and Cyber in the information environment. This session will also explore the impact of U.S. inﬂuence on the Arab Spring, and what that means for the future of IO. Session Chair Mr. Robert Giesler, Senior Vice President for Cyber Programs, SAIC Session Speakers Mr. Austin Branch, Director, Information Operations, Ofﬁce for the Under Secretary of Defense for Policy Dr. Michael Doran, Senior Fellow, Brookings Institute

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SESSION 3: U.S. Cyber Security Strategy and the EMS The entire U.S. government has had to deal with the rise of Cyber-threats; resulting in the creation of Cyber Security Strategy to integrate national tools and capabilities. At the same time, all have to come to fully appreciate the necessity of access and integration of efforts across the EMS. To ensure success, this session will look at lessons learned and potential shortfalls in the development of the U.S. Cyber Security Strategy. Also, it will take a look at the Cyber threats’ use of the EMS and will pose a challenge: Will we be able to develop and attract the analysts and engineers needed to address these security challenges?

Symposium Schedule

Get the Agenda

Session Chair Mr. Bob Lindseth, Capitol Hill Roost President, Association of Old Crows Session Speakers Dr. Daniel T. Kuehl, Director of the Information Operations Concentration Program, National Defense University. Dr. James Mulvernon, Vice-President, Intelligence Division, Defense Group, Inc. VADM Jack Dorsett (Ret), Vice President of Cybersecurity/C4, Northrop Grumman CONCURRENT SESSIONS SESSION 4: International EW: Status of International Cooperation and Coalition Interoperability Military operations in the 21st Century have all demanded effective use of the EMS coupled with smart use of EW, whether in Iraq, Afghanistan, Libya or elsewhere. Such operations are rarely undertaken by one nation, so alliances and coalitions are the norm. However, there have been many growing pains and hard lessons along the way. The question is where are we now and where are we going, towards a shared vision for EW and the EMS. This session will use operational vignettes to assess progress. Session Chair Wg Cdr John Clifford OBE, RAF (Ret), President UK Chapter, Association of Old Crows Session Speakers CDR Tom Huerter, USN, J-3 Director of Operations, NATO Joint Electronic Core Staff CDR Rick Adams, USN, Head of Air Platform Protection, United Kingdom Air Command Mr. Gav O’Connell, MBE, former Warrant Ofﬁcer, Y Sqn, United Kingdom Royal Marines SESSION 5: Technology Panel: Quantifying EMS Capabilities This session will explore current EM Spectrum (EMS) technologies and outline the key elements of a proactive plan to meet future threats with capabilities to operate effectively in a variety of military, homeland security, and law enforcement environments. Session Chair Mr. Nino Amoroso, Northeast Regional Director, Association of Old Crows Session Speakers Dr. Filippo Neri, President, Virtualabs SRL Mr. Andrea De Martino, Chief Technical Ofﬁcer (CTO), Elettronica S.P.A Mr. Haruko Kawahigashi, Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Mr. Jon Roe, CEO, ESROE Limited Mr. Uri Yaniv, CTO/Founder, Elcom Technologies

TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 15 8:00 a.m. - 9:00 a.m.

KEYNOTE SESSION Lieutenant General William T. Lord, USAF Chief of Warﬁghting Integration and Chief Information Ofﬁcer Ofﬁce of the Secretary of the Air Force Honorable Todd Young U.S. Representative, 9th District of Indiana, Co-Chairman EW Working Group

9:15 a.m. - 11:00 a.m.

CONCURRENT SESSIONS SESSION 6: The Need for Investments in Leadership and Improving the Capacity of Acquisition Processes in Rapidly Advancing Technologies This session focuses on the lack of awareness of the knowledge that spectrum dominance is critical to national, international and economic security. This session will also look at whether we are developing leaders capable of taking on the tremendous challenges and be able to develop the capacity to focus proper technical expertise and experience in EW, IO and Cyber. Will history repeat itself with technologies outpacing antiquated acquisition processes?

The Journal of Electronic Defense | November 2011

2:15 p.m. - 4:00 p.m.

91

Symposium Schedule Session Chair Mr. Cliff Moody, Executive Director, MRSL Real-Time Systems Lab Session Speakers MGen George B. Harrison, USAF (Ret), Associate Director, Georgia Tech Research Institute (GTRI) Mr. David Hime, DR-IV Senior Advisor, EW, Integrated Electronic & Net-Enabled Warfare Division (AFRL/RYW), AFRL Sensors Directorate Mr. Alan Shaffer, Principal Deputy, Assistant Secretary of Defense for Research and Engineering, Department of Defense SESSION 7: Developing a Spectrum Workforce: Ensuring EMS Advancements Education and training are critical to developing a workforce capable of providing and using fully integrated technologies to deliver offensive and defensive EMS capabilities. This session focuses on what every EW professional should know, as well as, education and training options. The results of the AOC’s Job/Task Analysis will be revealed, which will highlight the knowledge skills and abilities required of an EW generalist. Also, speakers will discuss various EW education and training programs provided by military, government and industry players. Session Chair Mr. Mike Dolim, Director of Education, Association of Old Crows Session Speakers Mr. Clarence Chaffee, President , The Caviart Group LCDR Tony Rodgers, Chief, EW Education, Joint Electronic Warfare Center (JEWC) Mr. Desmond Savage, Joint EW Training Manager, JEWC, Senior Consultant, Booz Allen Hamilton Mr. Lynn Berg, Military Training Manager, Northrop-Grumman TS SESSION 8: Industry Perspective – Technology Forecasting, Anticipating Understanding and Integrating Emerging Commercial Technologies This session explores the opportunities and challenges with properly forecasting, understanding and integrating rapid commercial advances in information technologies. The commercial development of technologies such as DRFM, cognitive radios, spread spectrum, nanotechnology and advanced computing capabilities such as cloud computing have presented serious challenges to our ability to gain and maintain information superiority over our adversaries. We will discuss industry’s responsibilities to support the DOTMLPF process, and whether or not they have any responsibility to help try and prevent new and emerging technologies from being utilized for malicious purposes. Session Chairs LtCol Ronald Hahn USAF (Ret), Vice President EM Spectrum Strategies, URS Corporation Session Speakers Mr. Ken Dworkin, SES, Associate Director for Technology (SIGNINT/EW), National Security Agency Dr. Davey Belk, Director of Information Operations, United States Air Force Mr. Stuart F. Timerman, Director, Defense Spectrum Organization, DISA Mr. Phil Horvitz, Director Advanced Technologies Group, URS/Apptis

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11:15 a.m. - 1:00 p.m.

CONCURRENT SESSIONS SESSION 9: Enhanced Joint Coalition Interoperability through EMS Standards This session highlights the needs and beneﬁts of EW and EM Spectrum Ops (EMSO) standards for use in military operations, homeland security and law enforcement. Speciﬁcally, the speakers will explore opportunities to establish international standards in the areas of EW/EMSO terminology, systems, personnel training, and leadership development Session Chair Lt Gen Robert “Bob” Elder Jr., USAF (Ret), Research Professor, George Mason University Session Speakers Col Stephen Padgett, British Army, Branch Head Strategic Plans and Policy HQ ACT, NATO Allied Command Transformation Mr. Geoff Thompson, Past Chair, IEEE Mr. Robin Williams, Director, National Cybersecurity Education & Workforce Development Ofﬁce (CEO), U.S. Department of Homeland Security

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Symposium Schedule SESSION 10: Technology Panel – Quantifying EMS Capabilities: Harnessing Current and Future Technologies and Processes This session will explore emerging EMS technologies; learn where scientiﬁc and academic efforts are headed to ensure victory across military, homeland security and law enforcement environments. Session Chair Mr. Bill Tanner, Director Army Programs and Requirements, BAE Systems Session Speakers Dr. Leo Jones, Research Staff Member, Institute for Defense Analyses Mr. Newton Love, Senior Systems Analyst, Scientiﬁc Research Corporation Mr. Francois Maasdrop, CSIR Dr. Thomas Millhouse, Senior Systems Engineer, Nova Dr. Sue Robertson, EW Defence Limited Mr. Jurgen Strydom, CSIR, DPSS SESSION 11: Status of Forces: Are We Prepared? Current and future military operations demand an ever-greater understanding and control of the EMS Domain, yet our militaries have continued to discount the EMS in planning, training and equipping our forces. How are our EW leaders and warﬁghters preparing for the future and the inevitably increasing war in the EMS? Session Chair COL Laurie Buckhout, USA (Ret), President-Elect , Association of Old Crows Session Speakers CAPT Gregg Smith, USN, Director, Fleet Electronic Warfare Center (FEWC) Mr. Nick Basciano, SES, Special Advisor for Spectrum Programs and Plans, Defense Spectrum Organization, Defense Information Systems Agency (DISA) Col Jim Pryor, USAF, Chief, Electronic Warfare Division (A5RE) Dr. Richard H. Wittstruck, Director, System of Systems Engineering, Army PEO IEW&S 94 The Journal of Electronic Defense | November 2011

WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 16 10:00 a.m. - 10:45 a.m.

KEYNOTE SESSION Air Commodore Ken McCann CBE RAF Air Attaché, British Defense Staff United States

11:00 a.m. - 12:30 p.m.

CONCURRENT SESSIONS SESSION 12: Tying it All Together – Managing EMS Operations to Our Advantage This session looks at the complex problem of managing the EMS spectrum to our advantage in order to deliver EW and Spectrum desired effects for the commander. The complexity of the problem encompasses two sides of the EMS spectrum: trying to manage strategic, operational or tactical issues as well as trying to manage the culture of one’s organization or afﬁliation through warﬁghters, contractors, researchers, etc. However, despite these differences in perspectives there are common elements to this complex problem such as network datalink interoperability, data standardization, service oriented architecture, doctrine and policies, visualization and decision support systems. Session Chair Mr. Michael Herrera, EW Research Analyst, Naval Air Weapons Center Point Mugu Session Speakers COL Charles Eckval, USA, EW DIV Chief, United States Army CAPT John Green, USN, PMA-234 Airborne Electronic Attack/EA-6B Program Manager, United States Navy Session 12 speakers, cont’d LtCol Jason Schuette, USMC, MAGTF EW/EA-6B Requirements Ofﬁcer, United States Marine Corps Lt Col James Albrecht, USAF (Ret), Analyst, Air Combat Command, United States Air Force

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Symposium Schedule SESSION 13: Can We Respond to an Adaptive Threat? Today the EW enterprise is totally reliant on a solid intelligence relationship. This session will focus on gaining a better understanding of intelligence analysis, its prioritization systems and the tools and methods used to conduct the analysis crucial to the EW community. Session Chair Mr. Craig Harm, Principal Consultant, Third Wave Technologies Session Speakers Mr. Robert Butler, OSD, Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Cyber and Space Policy, Ofﬁce of the Secretary of Defense Mr. Stephen Hayden, Director, Plans & Programs, National Air and Space Intelligence Center Mr. Michael Murray, Electronic Warfare Techniques Development and Analysis, Air Force Research Laboratory SESSION 14: Countering the Current and Emerging EMS Threat This session addresses the need to leverage Live, Virtual, Constructive (LVC) concepts for preparing warﬁghters for dangerous EMS environments. Range, spectrum and resource encroachment force the need for advanced LVC modeling and simulation tool sets at all levels of warfare. Participants will participate in a dynamic discussion to identify improved means to develop tactics, techniques and procedures and training. Session Chair Col Robin Vanderberry, USAF, Director, Joint Electromagnetic Preparedness for Advanced Combat (JEPAC) Session Speakers Col Marcus Aurelius Boyd, USAF, Commander, Air Force Agency for Modeling and Simulation (AFA.M.S) Col Tod R Fingal, USAF, Commander, 414th Combat Training Squadron (Red Flag) Mr. Pete Milham, Technical Director, Naval Strike and Air Warfare Center (NSAWC) Lt Col Gene McFalls, USAF, Chief, Common Avionics Branch, WR-ALC/GRWB Maj Jeff Prokopowicz, XVIII Airborne Corps Electronic Warfare Operations Ofﬁcer

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12:45 p.m. - 2:15 p.m.

CONCURRENT SESSIONS SESSION 15: The Next Threat Technology Leap How can the services facilitate a timely response for both ISR & countermeasures in today’s technologically fast paced world of Electronic Warfare and Information Operations including Cyber? What lessons have we learned and what lessons have we simply experienced and how do we proceed? Session Chair Mr. Steve Hogan, Vice President for Airborne Electronic Attack and Information Operations, Northrop Grumman Session Speakers BGen Frank L. Kelley, Jr, Commander, Marine Corps Systems Command BGen Harry J. Greene, Program Executive Ofﬁcer, Program. Executive Ofﬁce, Intelligence, Electronic Warfare & Sensors RDML Mark W. Darrah, F-35 Weapon System Program Manager, Joint Strike Fighter Program Col James A. Pryor US Air Force Chief, Electronic Warfare Division, Operational Capability SESSION 16: Technology Panel: Re-Emergence of Electromagnetic Spectrum Dominance This session will explore emerging EMS technologies; learn where scientiﬁc and academic efforts are headed to ensure victory across military, homeland security and law enforcement environments. Session Chair Mr. Paul Westcott, Director of Engineering, Dayton Operations, Mercer Engineering Research Center

Symposium Schedule Session Speakers Dr. Stanley B. Alterman, President, Alterman Associates Inc. Mr. Nathan Wilkins, EW SME, Armament Directorate AAC/EBE Mr. Klasie Olivier, Principal Systems Engineer, CSIR Mr. Johannes Naumann, Senior Engineer, Red Barron Roost Mr. Thomas Curby-Lucier, Lead Associate, Booz Allen Hamilton Mr. Shuki Yehuda, VP Research & Development, Elbit Systems - EW and SIGINT-ELISRA Mr. Itzchak Gat, CEO ELISRA, EVP General Manger, Elbit Systems - EW and SIGINT-ELISRA Mr. Yoav Meiri, Vice President, Elbit Systems EW and SIGINT - ELISRA

9:00 a.m. - 4:00 p.m.

Classiﬁed Symposium: “The High Art of War” Attendees must be U.S. citizens and cleared for Secret The Classiﬁed Symposium will explore the advanced capabilities of what a peer/near-peer competitor possesses across all war-ﬁghting domains and battle spaces. It will delve into the threat from both kinetic and non-kinetic capabilities facing U.S. and Coalition Forces. The session will include a panel from the ELINT-NSG steering committee as well as a key intelligence community enterprise response. Conference Chair Mr. Ken Dworkin, Associate Deputy Director Technical SIGINT and Electronic Warfare National Security Agency

The Journal of Electronic Defense | November 2011

THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 17

97

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8/19/11 2:34:09 PM

2011 AOC Convention Guide A

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Silver Sponsor AAI Corporation – Booth 906 124 Industry Lane Hunt Valley, MD 21030 www.aaicorp.com Sales Contact: Michael Paturzo [email protected] Phone: +1-410-628-3342 AAI Test & Training, an operating unit of Textron Systems, designs, manufactures and supports aerospace and defense ﬂight line and laboratory test equipment. Please visit us at booth #906. Active Spectrum – Booth 516 659 Oak Grove Avenue, Unit 203 Menlo Park, CA 94025-4317 www.activespectrum.com/ ﬁlters Sales Contact: Christopher White Phone: +1-650-212-2625 Active Spectrum provides advanced radio and microwave interference solutions and ﬁlter products to the defense industry. Aeroﬂex – Booth 1408 10 200 W. York Street Wichita, KS 67215-8935 www.aeroﬂex.com Sales Contact: Inside Sales Phone: +1-800-835-2352 Aeroﬂex will exhibit our fast-switching synthesizers,

integrated microwave assemblies and broadband signal systems. Aeronix – Booth 602 1775 W. Hibiscus Blvd. Suite 200 Melbourne, FL 32901 www.aeronix.com Phone: +1-321-984-1671 +1-321-984-0366 Aeronix, Inc., is a US-Government-certiﬁed, employee-owned small business. We are a systems engineering and custom electronics development company, specializing in communications and data acquisition technologies for aerospace, government, US DOD and consumer electronics applications. Our 21 years of experience span Electronic Support Measures (ESM), embedded hardware and software development for military communication systems, ELINT/SIGINT, SDR/ SCA development, radiation hardened space components, high assurance cryptographic modules, and wireless networking including MILSTD-188-220, 802.11, and 802.16. Our highly experienced engineering staff and efﬁcient management structure have allowed Aeronix to build a reputation of providing quality services, on time, and at a reasonable price. Aethercomm Inc. – Booth 415 3205 Lionshead Ave. Carlsbad, CA 92010-4710 www.aethercomm.com

Sales Contact: Freddie Chavez [email protected] Marquile Taylor [email protected] Phone: +1-760-208-6002 “Aethercomm designs and manufactures high-power RF ampliﬁers from DC to 40 GHz. We support low, medium and high volume builds with shipments of up to 1,000+ ampliﬁers per week. Aethercomm also designs and manufactures RF subsystems and systems with multifunction capabilities for the following systems; radar, electronic warfare and communications. Agilent Technologies – Booth 99 2125 E. Katella Ave., Ste 300, Anaheim, CA 92806 www.agilent.com Phone: +1-877-424-4536 Fax: +1-408-345-8474 Agilent Technologies Inc. is the world’s premier measurement company and a technical leader in communications, electronics, life sciences and chemical analysis. Anritsu – Booth 1210 6955 S. Magic Court Gilbert, AZ 85298 www.anritsu.com Sales Contact: Kathy Barcomb [email protected] Kim McCary [email protected] Phone: +1-480-216-0644 For more than 40 years Anritsu has supplied leading test and measurement solutions to the DOD and other US government branches – including communi-

cations, RF/microwave, wireless, data transport, optical and general purpose instruments. Applied Research Associates, Inc. – Booth 1412 4300 San Mateo Blvd, NE Albuquerque, NM 87110 www.ara.com Sales Contact: Kris Matson [email protected] Phone: +1-919-582-3300 ARA is a premier provider of products and services in modeling and simulation, advanced research and development, and test and evaluation. We provide leading edge solutions to the most challenging problems in engineering and the physical sciences. We bring unparalleled success to our customers through our unique blend of subject matter expertise, engineering and scientiﬁc knowledge, and state-of the art practices in systems engineering, software development, and project management excellence. Products/Services; Modeling and Simulation, Systems Engineering (CMMI Level 3), Electronic Warfare and Signals Intelligence Hardware, Electronics Hardware Design and Protogyping, Cyber/ Network Attack/Network Defense and Assessment, Kinetic and Non-Kinetic Weapons Effects Modeling, Simulation, and Analysis, Sensor Systems Design, Development, and Production, Serious Games, Robotics, Unmanned Air Systems, Cognitive Solutions,

2011 AOC Convention Guide Test and Measurement Hardware, Augmented Reality Systems, Project Management.

Gold Sponsor ATK – Booth 109 www.atk.com Sales Contact: Ray Mederos [email protected] ATK is an industry leader in tactical rocket motor production for a variety of air-delivered and ground-launched tactical missiles, aircraft composite structures, missile warning systems, and fuzing for air delivered weapons. The company also specializes in gunship and special mission aircraft weaponization, missile interceptor propulsion capabilities, and anti-radiation guided missile systems.

B Platinum Sponsor BAE Systems – Booth 1003 PO Box 868 Nashua, NH 03061-0868 Phone: +1-603-885-3522 BAE Systems, the second largest defense company in the world; delivers a full range of Electronic Warfare products and services to include 5th Generation Integrated EW Suites, Digital Receiver Technology, Directable Countermeasures, Fiber Optic

Beneﬁeld Anechoic Facility 772 Test Squadron – Booth 89

Gold Sponsor Boeing – Booth 1319 100 Airport Way St. Louis, MO 63134 www.boeing.com Sales Contact: Rick Morgan [email protected] Phone: +1-314-232-5185 Fax: +1-314-232-0281 Nearly a century of expertise and continuing innovation make Boeing the leader in the aerospace and defense industry. Boeing combines global resources and a spirit of innovation to provide best-of-industry, networkenabled solutions to military, government and commercial customers around the world From battle-proven aircraft to space systems and beyond, Boeing is the world’s leading space and defense business and the world’s largest and most versatile manufacturer of military aircraft. Boeing also is the world’s largest satellite manufacturer, an emerging leader in support systems and services, and a leading global supplier of human space exploration systems and services. B&Z Technologies LLC – Booth 1414 25 Health Science Drive, Unit 111 Stony Brook, NY 11790 www.bnztech.com Sales Contact: info@bnztech. com Low Noise, Wideband ampliﬁers. Frequency ranges from kHz to 50 GHz. Instantaneous bandwidths to 50 GHz. Gain and phase matching. Input excess RF power limiters.

C

CAP Wireless – Booth - 1103 3235 Grande Vista Dr. Newbury Park, CA 91320-1193 www.capwireless.com Sales Contact: Skip Hoover [email protected] Phone: +1-408-242-6017/+1805-499-1818 Fax: +1-805-499-6649 CAP Wireless develops and manufactures a broad range of RF and microwave ampliﬁcation products and related subsystems, including broadband power ampliﬁers, high-dynamic range ampliﬁers, low-noise ampliﬁers, and test and measurement solutions. The company’s Spatium power ampliﬁers incorporate an exclusive, patented (#7,215,212) spatial combining technology that offers a unique combination of substantially broader bandwidth and higher power, excellent linearity, and low phase noise. CAP products enable a highly manufacturable platform that eliminates time-consuming redesigns and increases repeatability unitto-unit, resulting in signiﬁcant time-to-manufacture costsavings for customers. Chemring Group PLC – Booth 106 Chemring House, 1500 Parkway Whitely, Fareham, Hants, UK PO15 7AF www.alloysurfaces.com www.chemringcm.com www.kilgoreﬂ ares.com Alloy Surfaces Co., Inc. [email protected] Phone: +1-610-859-3680 Fax: +1-610-494-7250 Chemring Countermeasures [email protected] Phone: +44-1722-411-611 Fax: +44-1722-428-792 Kilgore Flares Co., Inc. ktuten@kilgoreﬂ ares.com Phone: +1-731-228-5247 Fax: +1-731-658-4173 Alloy Surfaces, Chemring Countermeasures, and Kilgore

Flares deliver leading edge protection with covert multispectral SMD, multi-spectrals, advanced MTV, aerodynamic/ thrusted IR decoys and RF chaff countermeasures.

Silver Sponsor Cobham – Booth 603 Hovmarken 4 1001 Pawtucket Blvd. Lowell, MA 01854 www.cobham.com Cobham Sensor Systems is a leading supplier of RF microwave and millimeter wave products for defense markets such as electronic warfare, radar, communications C4ISR, missile/ PGM and space. Comtech PST – Booth 1212 105 Baylis Rd. Melville, NY 11747 www.comtechpst.com [email protected] Phone: +1-631-777-8900 Fax: +1-631-777-8877 Comtech PST (CPST) is a manufacturer of solid state high power ampliﬁers, switches and limiters for electronic warfare (EW), communications and radar applications. CPST has manufactured tens of thousands of ampliﬁers, utilizing various transistor technologies (GaN, GaAs, LDMOS, SiC, and bipolar) in Class A, Class AB, and Class C designs. CPST ampliﬁers are available in module and rackmountable conﬁgurations from 1MHz to 6GHz, with output power levels ranging from 2 watts to multi-kilowatts. Our Hill Engineering Division manufactures solid switches and limiters from 20MHz to 18GHz, with power handling capabilities to as high as 8kW. CPI – Booth 509 811 Hansen Way Palo Alto, CA 94304 www.cpii.com Sales Contact: Linda Di Lorenzo [email protected] Phone: +1-650-846-3900 Fax: +1-650-592-9988

The Journal of Electronic Defense | November 2011

ARAT-PO – Booth 93 6006 Combat Drive (B4-332-25) Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 https://www.arat.army.mil Phone: +1-443-861-3592 The Army Reprogramming Analysis Team-Program Ofﬁce (ARAT-PO) is the US Army’s organization responsible for reprogramming Electronic Warfare (EW) and Target Sensing Systems (TSS) software.

Towed Devices and Advanced Platform Integrated EW/IW Systems for air, land and naval forces.

99

2011 AOC Convention Guide CPI is the world’s leading manufacturer of microwave tubes, generators, TWTs, CCTWTs, klystons, microwave windows, couplers and ﬁlters, power grid devices and components. CSIR – Booth 1307 Meiring Naude Road Brummeria, South Africa Pretoria 0001 www.csir.co.za/dpss Sales Contact: Pieter Goosen [email protected] Phone: +27 12 841 2060 The CSIR undertakes directed research and innovation in science and technology to improve the quality of life of South Africans. Building local and international partnerships is a key component of its endeavors to provide world-class technology.

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D Bronze Sponsor dB Control, a subsidiary of HEICO – Booth 911 1120 Auburn Street Fremont, CA 94538-7328 www.dBControl.com Sales Contacts: Meppalli Shandas [email protected] Phone: +1-510-656-2325 Manufacturer of reliable TWT Ampliﬁers (TWTAs), Microwave Power Modules (MPMs), Transmitters, Power Supplies and Modulators for Radar, ECM, Threat Simulation, Communication and Instrumentation applications. Defence Research and Development Canada (DRDC) – Booth 116 3701 Carling Ave. Ottawa, ON CANADA K1A 0Z4 www.ottawa.drdc-rddc.gc.ca Sales Contact: David Forster [email protected] Phone: +1-613-998-3210 Fax: +1-613-998-2675 “DRDC provides a comprehensive

EW R&D program in support of the Canadian Forces including NAVWAR, EO/IR, Radar EW, Communications EW and Network Information Operations. Defense Systems – Booth 816 3141 Fairview Park Drive #777 Falls Church, VA 22042 www.defensesystems.com Sales Contact: David Smith davidsmith@defensesystems. com Defense Systems is the magazine and website for Network-enabled warfare and the knowledge technologiescommunications, IT, sensors and related C4ISR systems-that have transformed the world of defense.

Silver Sponsor DRS Technologies – Booth 409 7600 Wisconsin Avenue, Suite 1000 Bethesda, MD 20814 www.drs-ss.com Sales Contact: Lillian Angom [email protected] Phone: +1-240-238-3921 DRS Technologies, a wholly owned subsidiary of Finmeccanica S.p.A, is a leading supplier of integrated products, services and support to military forces, intelligence agencies and prime contractors. DRS responds to the needs of U.S. and allied military forces by providing products and systems that improve the capabilities of key platforms. Dynetics Inc. – Booth 711 Providing the highest ﬁdelity threat modeling, simulation, and analysis services in the industry, Dynetics supports all phases of EW development with intelligence faithful threat representations.

E

EADS North America/ CASSIDIAN (an EADS Company) – Booth - 115 Woerthstrasse 85 Ulm, Germany 89077 www.eads.com Sales Contact: Juergen Steiner Phone: +49 89 3179 8575 EADS North America offers a broad array of advanced solutions to its customers in the commercial, homeland security, aerospace and defense markets.

Bronze Sponsor e2v Technologies – Booth 803 520 White Plains Rd., Suite 450 Tarrytown, NY 10591 www.e2v.com [email protected] Phone: +1-914-592-6050 Fax: +1-912-592-5148 e2v has more than 60 years of experience in the design, engineering and manufacture of specialized components and sub-systems for the most exacting of defense and aerospace requirements. Elcom Technologies – Booth 316 11 Volvo Dr. Rockleigh, NJ 07647 www.elcom-tech.com [email protected] [email protected] Phone: +1-201-767-8030, x286 Fax: +1-201-767-1326 Elcom designs and manufactures instruments and modules up to 40 GHz in the RF/microwave frequency spectrum for applications in ATE, aerospace/ defense, SIGINT and commercial communications. Elbit Systems EW and SIGINT – Elisra – Booth 1315 15 Kineret Street Beni Brak, Israel 51201 www.elisra.com Sales Contact: Ido Segal [email protected] [email protected]

Phone: +972-3-5577335 Elbit Systems EW and SIGINT - Elisra Ltd., is a world leader in the ﬁeld of Information Warfare for over four decades. The company develops, designs, manufactures, integrates and supports advanced EW, Intelligence (SIGINT and MASINT) and C3 solutions for air, sea and land applications. EB Elektrobit – Booth 1418 Teknologiapuisto PL 120 Kehraamontie 5, Finland Kajaani www.elektrobit.com Sales Contact: Jari Sankala, Harri Romppainen Electronic Warfare products and solutions, including Counter RCIED Platform, and Signals Intelligence products and solutions, including Wideband COMINT Sensor, and Tactical Communications products and solutions. EM Research – Booth 416 1301 Corporate Blvd Reno, NV 89502-7102 www.emresearch.com Sales Contact: Caleb Van Kirk [email protected] Phone: +1-775-345-2411 We manufacture highperformance standard and custom-designed frequency sources for commercial and military systems; specialize in miniature surface-mount and connectorized phase-locked oscillators and frequency synthesizers from 5 MHz- 30 GHz. Empower RF Systems, Inc. – Booth 1109 316 West Florence Ave. Inglewood, CA 90301-1104 www.empowerrf.com Jason.Launius@empowerrf. com Phone: +1-310-412-8100 Empower RF offers a complete line of standard and custom high-power, RF/microwave ampliﬁer systems and modules in the Electronic Attack, Radar

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2011 AOC Convention Guide & Avionics, Communication, and Test and Measurements markets.

Bronze Sponsor Esterline Defense Technologies – Booth 1105 85901 Avenue 53 Coachella, CA 92236-2607 www.esterline.com [email protected] Phone: +1-760-398-0143 Esterline Defense Technology designs, develops and manufactures state-of-the-art infrared decoy ﬂares and radar countermeasure chaff for air and shipboard applications and a variety of pyrotechnic devices.

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EW Simulation Technology – Booth 703 B9 Armstrong Hall Southwood Bus Park Farnborough Hants, United Kingdom GU14 ONR www.ewst.co.uk Sales Contact: Bob Andrews [email protected] Phone: +44 1252 512951 EWST designs and manufactures multi-spectral portable tester sets (PTS8000), radar threat simulators (RSS8000) and radar target/ECM simulators (Chameleon-II) for laboratory, ﬂightline and EW range applications (MERTS system).

F

Ferrite Microwave Technology – Booth 1411

G

Georgia Tech Research Institute – Booth 902 260 14th St., NW Atlanta, GA 30332-0809 www.gtri.gatech.edu Sales Contact: Lee Simonetta Phone: +1-404-407-7131 Georgia Tech Research Institute provides the U.S. and international military communities systems

engineering and technical solutions for current and future EW and Cyber Warfare requirements. Giga-tronics – Booth 217 4650 Norris Canyon Road San Ramon, CA 94583-1320 www.gigatronics.com Sales Contact; Malcolm Levy [email protected] Giga-tronics Incorporated, an ISO 9001 and AS 9100 certiﬁed company, is a manufacturer of RF and microwave test instrumentation, ATE signal switching and RFIU and microwave components.

I Platinum Sponsor ITT Exelis – Booth 1011 1133 Westchester Avenue White Plains, NY 10604 www.iews.es.itt.com Sales Contact: Chris Carlson [email protected] Phone: +1-973-284-3319 Leading supplier of EW solutions for air, land and sea-based operations.

K

KOR Electronics – Booth 606 10855 Business Center Dr., Building A Cypress, CA 90630 www.korelectronics.com Sales Contact: Mark Behrman Phone: +1-856-535-7799 KOR is the authority in the exploitation of the digital RF and information domains, delivering innovative solutions for the radar, electronic warfare and ISR markets.

L

L-3 Communications – Booths 804 & 806 3100 W Lamita Blvd. Torrance, CA 90509

www.L-3com.com Sales Contact: Raymond E. Robinson Raymond.E.Robinson@I-3com. com Contact Phone: +1-310-5176751 L-3 is a leading defense industry provider of ECM TWTs, MPMs & TWTAs, antennas, secure signal processing products, including C3ISR systems and specialized components for the most EW demanding environments.”

Platinum Sponsor Lockheed Martin – Booth 203 1801 State Route 17C Owego, NY 13827 www.lockheedmartin.com Sales Contact: Robert Fluck rob.ﬂ[email protected] Phone: +1-607-751-3135 Lockheed Martin employs 140,000 people worldwide and is principally engaged in the research, design, development, manufacture, integration and sustainment of advanced technology systems, products and services. LS telcom – Booth 1407 Im Gewerbegebiet 31-33 Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany www.LStelcom.com Sales Contact: Sabrina Scheck Phone: +49-7227-9535-600 LS telcom is today leading supplier of advanced systems for radio spectrum management and high-end wireless network analysis, planning, systemintegration and engineering. The company’s specialist expertise is based on global experience supported by massive R&D both in-house and with partners.

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MC Countermeasures Inc. – Booth 515 206 Hearst Way, Suite 600 Kanata, ON, K2L 3H1, CANADA www.mc-cm.com Sales Contact: John Bednarz [email protected] Phone: +1-613-592-0818 Fax: +1-613-592-2818 MC Countermeasures is recognized world leader in Radar ECM Predictive Receiver Technology for test, measurement, evaluation, validation and operator training applications - Integrated Radar EW Test & Training System (IREWTS). MegaPhase LLC – Booth 1406 2098 West Main Street Stroudsburg, PA 18360 www.megaphase.com Sales Contact: Rachel Marano [email protected] MegaPhase designs, manufactures and markets high performance RF coaxial cables and connectors for OEM’s in Homeland Security, defense electronics, telecommunications, spacecraft, instrumentation and broadband data. Meggitt Avionics – Booth 1417 121 Old Post Road Newbury, NH 03255-5520 www.meggitt.com Sales Contact: Jeffrey E. Trottier Customizable displays for various sensor suites that provide threat warning indication and improve pilot situational awareness. Various air data products.

Bronze Sponsor Mercury Computer Systems – Booth 1323 199 Riverneck Rd. Chelmsford , MA 01824 www.mc.com Sales Contact: William Smith [email protected]

Dressed and Ready for Action Wideband Military Components MLFR-Series Band Reject Filters t ()[BOE()[DPWFSBHF t wwQBDLBHFT t E#SFKFDUJPOOPUDIFT

Full 2-20 GHz & 2-18 GHz Frequency Coverage in Single Units

MLFP-Series Band pass Filters t ()[BOE()[DPWFSBHF t TUBHFEFTJHOT t w wwDVCFQBDLBHFT MLXS and MLXS-T Series Oscillators t ()[BOE()[DPWFSBHF t 'VOEBNFOUBMPS4XJUDIFECBOEEFTJHOT t wDZMJOEFSQBDLBHF MLHG-Series Harmonic Generators t ()[BOE()[DPWFSBHF t E#NUPE#NPVUQVUQPXFS t *OUFHSBUFETUBHF:*(öMUFS

www.microlambdawireless.com

“Look to the leader in YIG-Technology”

46515 Landing Parkway, Fremont CA 94538 r (510) 770-9221 r [email protected]

2011 AOC Convention Guide Phone: +1-978-256-0052 Fax: +1-978-256-0432 Mercury is a best-of-breed provider of open, commercially developed, application-ready, multi-INT subsystems for the Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance (ISR) market. Micro Lamda Wireless – Booth 604 www.microlambdawireless.com Sales Contact: Richard Leier Phone: 1+510-770-9221 Microwave “YIG” based components and assemblies covering 500 MHz to 50 GHz markets including Electronic Warfare, ECM, Radar, Simulation and Missiles.

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Micro Systems Booth 705 1752 Armstrong Avenue Ste B Irvine, CA 92614-5737 www.gomicrosystems.com Sales Contact: Dale Gates [email protected] Micro Systems, Inc., a whollyowned subsidiary of Kratos Defense and Security Solutions Company, is a world leader in Command and Control of Aerial Targets, Digital RF Memory, Radar Environment Simulators, Radar Target Generators, ECM/ Target Simulators, EW Threat Simulators, and Flight Line Test Equipment. Micro-Coax, Inc. – Booth 91 Micronetics, Inc. – Booth 1404 Microwave Concepts Division 26 Hampshire Drive Hudson, NH 03051 www.micronetics.com www.micro-con.com Sales Contact: Kevin Beals [email protected] Phone: +1-603-883-2900 Fax: +1-603-882-8987 RF Components, RF Power Ampliﬁers, Test Solutions, Integrated Subassemblies, Multifunction Modules and Subsystems Microsemi Corporation – Booth 1403 2381 Morse Ave.

Irvine, CA 92614 www.microsemi.com Sales Contact: Cliff Silver [email protected] Phone: +1-949-221-7112 Fax: +1-949-756-0308 RF Ampliﬁers/Log Ampliﬁers, GaAs and Silicon Diodes., RF power MOSFETs, RF/Microwave modules, multipliers, oscillators, transceivers, sensors, varactors. Millitech – Booth 1402 29 Industrial Dr., East Northampton, MA 01060 Sales Contact: Cindy Peeters [email protected] Millimeter Wave Products which include 18 to 40 GHz Up/Down Converters, antennas, wide band LNA’s and PA’s, complete line of actives and passives up to 325 GHz. MITEQ, Inc. – Booth 904 100 Davids Dr. Hauppauge, NY 11788-2043 www.miteq.com Sales Contact: Anthony Musto [email protected] Phone: +1-631-439-7400 MITEQ designs and manufactures a complete line of high-performance microwave subsystems, components and satellite communications equipment for air, ground and space applications catering to both the military and commercial markets.

N

National Instruments, Inc. – Booth 1328 11500 N Mopac Expressway Austin, TX 78759 www.ni.com/aerospacedefense Sales Contact: Sean Thompson [email protected] Maria Adame [email protected] NI delivers a COTS-based modular platform with softwaredeﬁned instrumentation for the prototyping, test and deployment of systems for Electronic Warfare.

NAVAIR Commercial Air – Booth 709 Building 419, 46990 Hinkle Circle Patuxent River, MD 20670 www.navair.navy.mil/ibst Sales Contact: Linda Barrett Phone: +1-301 862-2765 Naval Research Laboratory – Booth 707

CONVENTION HOST Northrop Grumman – Booth 103 600 Hicks Road Rolling Meadows, IL 60008 www.northropgrumman.com Sales Contact: Toni Santamaria antoinette.santamaria@ngc. com Peggy Scott [email protected] Phone: +1-818-712-6133 Northrop Grumman is a leading global security company providing innovative systems, products and solutions in aerospace, electronics, information systems and technical services to government and commercial customers worldwide. Please visit www. northropgrumman.com for more information

P

Parker Aerospace – Booth 1413 2218 N. Molter Rd. Liberty Lake, WA 99019-8603 www.parker.com Sales Contact: Dan Kinney, Mgr. Business Development [email protected] Phone: +1-509-232-3435 Parker Aerospace provides complete thermal management solutions including chassis, cold plates, heat rejection units, heat exchangers, pumps, valves, hoses, and quick disconnects. We work with all types of ﬂuids including EGW, PGW, PAO, refrigerants such as R134a, and

dielectric ﬂuids such as 3M’s Fluorinert. Phase Matrix, Inc. – Booth 1311 109 Bonaventura Drive San Jose, CA 95134 www.phasematrix.com Sales Contacts: Mike Granieri / Rick Bush [email protected] / [email protected] EIP brand freq. counters, QuickSyn freq. synthesizers VXI & PXI RF/MW modules (synthetic instruments). RF/MW components and custom subassemblies up to 65 GHz. Poynting Antennas – Booth 613 33 Thora Cresent, Wynberg Johannesburg, South Africa 2090 www.poynting.co.za Sales Contact: Melissa Parry [email protected] Military and specialized antennas for Direction-Finding, Monitoring, Jamming, Counter RCIED and Communication applications, Log Periodic Dipole Arrays (LPDA) and supporting RF electronics. Protium Technologies Inc. – Booth 505 10 Bearfoot Rd. Northborough, MA 01532-1528 www.protiumtechnologies.com Sales Contact: Nick DeSilvio ndesilvio@ protiumtechnologies.com Phone: +1-508-393-3700 Fax: +1-508-393-3157 Protium develops and manufactures custom RF/ microwave communications products, including 20 MHz-6 GHz digital receivers, SDR platforms, multiband RDF transceivers and point-to-point radio links.

AOC 2011 Booth 1109

2011 AOC Convention Guide

R Gold Sponsor Raytheon – Booth 1202 TAS-EW 6380 Hollister Ave. Golita, CA 93117 www.raytheon.com Sales Contact: Peter Aichinger Peter_E_Aichinger@raytheon. com Phone: +1-805-879-2218 Fax: +1-805-879-2579 In operation for more than 50 years, Raytheon’s Electronic Warfare business offers towed decoys, radar warning receivers, jammers, missile warning, sensors and integrated EW suites.

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RF Simulation Systems – Booth 916 25371 Diana Circle Mission Viejo, CA 92691-4514 www.rfss-inc.com Sales Contact: Ceazar Aguilar [email protected] RFSS produces Cost Effective, High Fidelity Laboratory and Airborne (Digital RF Memories), DRFMs, Up/Down Converters, Radar Target Generators, ECM Simulators, and Radar Environment Simulators.

RFHIC USA, LLC – Booth 315 1020 Southhill Dr Ste 104A Cary, NC 27513-8629 www.rfhicusa.com Sales Contacts: Sam Kim / Chris Park [email protected] / chpark@ rfhic.com RFHIC provides low-cost GaAs and GaN solutions for RF and microwave ampliﬁers including radar, jammer, and military communications applications.

Gold Sponsor Rockwell Collins – Booth 403 400 Collins Rd. NE Cedar Rapids, IA 52498 www.rockwellcollins.com/gs learnmore@rockwellcollins. com Sales Contacts: Ken Clayton, Lydia Talton, Ron Sizemore Phone:1+ 319 295-2573 Fax: +1-319-378-1172 For more than 35 years, customers have trusted Rockwell Collins Electronic Warfare and Intelligence Solutions to provide scalable SIGINT technologies for air, land and sea domains.

gateways, and digital/analog data recorders. Silver Sponsor Rhode & Schwarz – Booth 303 8661 Robert Fulton Drive, Ste A Columbia, MD 21046-2265 Sales Contact: Peachy Monson [email protected] Phone: +1-410-910-7800 Rohde & Schwarz is one of the leading international partners for government and industry providing solutions and equipment for detection, location and analysis of radio signals. RT Logic – Booth 1410 12515 Academy Ridge View Colorado Springs, CO 80921 www.rtlogic.com RT Logic specializes in Satellite, Missile and EW applications. We design, develop and deliver signal processing products for communication systems. Our products cover the full spectrum of RF-to-Data solutions for test systems; RF channel simulation; spectrum measurement/interference detection; frequency conversion; modulation/demodulation; TT &C processing; digital network

S

Saab – Booth 104 Nettoragen 6, SE 17588 Jartalla, Sweden www.saabgroup.com Sales Contact: Per Hansson [email protected] Phone: +468-580-84828 Fax: +468-580-87232 2011 Crystal Dr., Suite 903 Arlington, VA 22202 www.saabgroup.com Sales Contact: Scott Sonnenberg scott.sonnenberg@saabgroup. com Phone: +1-703-302-5600 Fax: +1-703-302-5630 Saab offers a broad product range in the EW area for air, land and naval applications. Product range includes jammers, ELINT/ESM systems and standalone or fully integrated selfprotection systems with laser, radar and missile approach warning functions and countermeasures dispensing systems.

D e tec t - D efin e - D efen d

SIR 3200 VHF/UHF Wideband Receiver

• Frequency Range 20 MHz - 3 GHz • IF Bandwidth up to 80 MHz • Sweep / Scan Up To 512 Channels Per Second

• Digital I/Q over Ethernet • Advanced NRT • SOF Qualified

To review the full line of FlxGenTM SIGINT products go to:

www.Elcom-Tech.com or call: 201.767.8030 x286 537205_Elcom.indd 1

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2011 AOC Convention Guide Phone: +1-775-331-0222 As one of the fastest growing companies in America, Sierra Nevada Corporation has multiple specialized areas to include electronics, aerospace, avionics, communications and solar energy.

Gold Sponsor Selex Galileo – Booth 309 300 Capability Green, LUTON Bedfordshire. LU1PG UK www.selexgalileo.com Sales Contact: Phil Davies [email protected] Phone: +44 (0) 7801-712350 Fax: +44 (0) 1582-795871 SELEX offers integrated EW systems; advanced radar, laser and missile sensors and associated support measures; next-generation digital receivers; EW integration subsystems; on-board and off-board digital ECM systems.

SOURIAU PA&E – Booth 713 434 Old Station Road Wenatchee, WA 98801-5975 www.pacaero.com Sales Contact: Rick Kalkowski Phone: +1-509-667-5480 SOURIAU PA&E manufacturers custom hermetic electric packaging, DC/RF/ﬁber optic connectors and EMI ﬁlters for companies that need absolute reliability in the harshest environments.

Sierra Nevada Corporation – Booth 1111 444 Salomon Circle Sparks, NV 89434 http://www.sncorp.com Sales Contact: John Smith [email protected]

SPEC (Systems & Process Engineering) – Booth 1422 6800 Burleson Road, Bldg 320 Austin, TX 78744 www.spec.com

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COTS SIGINT TEN-TEC delivers best value COTS SIGINT solutions for HF/VHF/UHF signal collection AOC booth Visit us at

20 R #14 w RX-360 SD

to see ne

RX-340 HF DSP Receiver

r k HF Receive

mini-bric • covers 5 kHz to 30 MHz • over 90 DSP IF ﬁlters, DSP demodulators, Programmable AGC • RS-232 Interface standard, optional Ethernet & USB • 3U, 19” rack mount

RX-331 HF DSP Receiver • same performance as RX-340 • 1U “black box” version

RX-400 HF/VHF/UHF Receiver • • • •

tunes 100 kHz to 3000 MHz DSP IF ﬁlters are mode independent Streaming audio over Ethernet MIL-STD 810 qualiﬁed

Sales Contact: Gary Zrett [email protected] Phone: +1-512-826-0991 SPEC’s Electronic Warfare division provides Target and Technique Generators for Lab, Range and Tactical EA/EP Applications. Including, DRFMs, DFDs, Digital Exciters, Receivers & Filters. Spectrum Signal Processing by Vecima– Booth 1416 #300 – 2700 Production Way Burnaby, BC Canada www.spectrumsignal.com Sales Contact: Don Neigel Phone: +1-604-676-6700 Spectrum provides board and system-level hardware solutions, combining high-performance data acquisition (RF, analog and digital I/O) with reconﬁgurable signal processing hardware, best-in-class support, and engineering services. SRC/SRCTec- Booth 808 7502 Round Pond Rd. North Syracuse, NY 13212 www.srcinc.com Sales Contact: Mike Jewett [email protected] Phone: +1-315-452-8000 SRC, Inc. is a not-for-proﬁt research and development company and SRCTec is its high-tech manufacturing and lifecycle support subsidiary. Together, they are redeﬁning possible with unique, next generation solutions of national signiﬁcance in defense, environment and intelligence. Our EW products and services include: CREW Duke, Intelligence and Systems Engineering Analysis, EWIRDB and NGES Development, Sustainment and Training, Modeling and Simulation. SYMETRICS INDUSTRIES

For more information, please contact:

Tom Salvetti

304-884-7601 [email protected]

Jim Andem

850-936-7100 | [email protected] Manufactured in Sevierville, TN

546802_TenTec.indd 1

| www.tentec.com

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Bronze Sponsor Symetrics Industries – Booth 110 1615 West Nasa Blvd. Melbourne, FL 32901 www.symetrics.com Sales Contact: Rhonda Hester

[email protected] Phone: +1-321-254-1600 Fax: +1-321-259-4122 Symetrics Industries, a wholly owned subsidiary of Extant Components Group, manufactures and supplies complex electronic assemblies including Electronic Warfare systems (AN/ALE-47 CMDS) and Communication systems (Improved Data Modems – 304 & 304B) to the DOD, DOS and international customers. AS9100B/ISO 9001:2008 certiﬁed, Symetrics also provides licensing and obsolescence management services for legacy electronics systems.

T Gold Sponsor TCI International, Inc. – Booth 1419 3541 Gateway Blvd. Fremont, CA 94538 www.tcibr.com Sales Contact: Brian Barlow [email protected] David Feinstein [email protected] Phone: +1-510-687-6100 TCI International, Inc., has developed innovative SIGINT and spectrum monitoring systems for over four decades. TCI delivers highly integrated COMINT, ISR and DF solutions to military, national security and intelligence agencies alike. TE Connectivity – Booth 807 2900 Fulling Mill Road Middletown, PA 17057 www.te.com/adm Sales Contact: Greg Powers [email protected] TE Connectivity is the world’s premier supplier of interconnect technology for the Aerospace, Defense & Marine marketplace. Our rugged portfolio enables

IMAgine. Integrated Microwave Assemblies

NARDA. Your IMA source.

Switched Filter Bank RF Distribution Network

X Band DDS Synthesizer

EW Receiver

FPGA Programmable Source

Think NARDA– for the IMAs you need, whenever you need them for:

>

EW

>

MILSATCOM

>

Radar

>

Missiles

>

UAVs

Ka Band SSPA

Ka Band BUC Passive Distribution Network

SATCOM Transceiver

No one goes to greater lengths for smaller wavelengths.

narda

EW Antenna Interface an

L3

communications company

435 Moreland Road, Hauppauge, NY 11788 Tel: 631.231.1700 • Fax: 631.231.1711 e-mail: [email protected]

www.nardamicrowave.com

2011 AOC Convention Guide open architecture, increased bandwidth and reduced SWaP. TECOM Industries Inc. – Booth 1113 375 Conejo Ridge Ave. Thousand Oaks, CA 91361-4928 www.tecom-ind.com Sales Contact: Gregory Crystal Phone: +1-805-267-0101 Sales Contact: Raﬁ Kazorian Phone: +1-805-267-0109

TECOM Industries, Inc., designs and manufactures standard and customer antennas components and systems for EW, SGINT, ELINT, Surveillance, DF, Threat Detection, Data Link and SATCOM applications. TEK Microsystems, Inc. – Booth 1010 2 Elizabeth Dr. Chelmsford, MA 01824

www.tekmicro.com Sales Contact: Paul Martino [email protected] Phone: +1-978-244-9200, x351 Fax: +1-978-244-1078 Tekmicro designs and manufactures advanced highperformance boards and systems for embedded real-time data acquisition, data conversion,

The Journal of Electronic Defense | November 2011

Tektronix, Inc. – Booth 710 2905 SW Hocken Avenue Beaverton, OR 97005-2411 www.component-solutions. tektronix.com Sales Contact: Eric Hodges Phone: +1-800-462-9835 Tektronix Component Solutions is an ITAR-registered and accredited Trusted Supplier offering engineering and manufacturing services for: ASIC Design, RF and microwave modules, Wideband data Converters. Teledyne Technologies – Booth - 1318 Teledyne Technologies Inc. 12964 Panama St Los Angeles, CA 90066-6534 www.teledyne.com Sales Contact: Sharon Fletcher Phone: +1-310-574-2068 Teledyne Technologies is a global leader in research, development and manufacturing of sophisticated microwave products utilized in EW, Radar, SIGINT and Communication systems for military and homeland security applications.

110

Delivering the vision, relevant experience and expertise essential for success in cyberspace and the electromagnetic spectrum. Deliver mission success SM www.urscorp.com

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storage, and recording in commercial and rugged grade.

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Teligy, Inc. – Booth 1208 40 Concourse Way Greer, SC 29650-4704 www.teligy.com Sales Contact: Jason Yates [email protected] Teligy is a U.S. based technology development and services company. We provide a comprehensive range of system level programming and hardware design services. TEN-TEC, Inc. – Booth 1420 1185 Dolly Parton Parkway Sevierville, TN 37862 www.tentec.com Sales Contact: Tom Salvetti [email protected] Phone: +1-301-884-7601 VLF/HF/VHF/UHF receivers and HF Preselectors for SIGINT including UAV/UAS. Using latest SDR techniques brings

™

PEGASUS ELECTRONIC WARFARE SYSTEMS

™

PASSIVE DETECTION. ACCURATE IDENTIFICATION. PRECISE LOCATION. To defeat our adversaries, we must ﬁrst discover what, where and who they are — without being detected. So Raytheon’s PEGASUS family of systems counters threats across the electromagnetic spectrum, allowing tactical commanders to accurately identify, precisely locate and successfully counter electronic signals from deep within enemy territory in real-time. Our small, light and fully automated systems deliver a timely, comprehensive picture of the battlespace in the air, on the ground or out at sea.

INNOVATION IN ALL DOMAINS www.raytheon.com | Keyword: Pegasus Follow us on: © 2011 Raytheon Company. All rights reserved. “Customer Success Is Our Mission” is a registered trademark of Raytheon Company.

2011 AOC Convention Guide performance level of MIL grade receivers down to COTS prices.

Silver Sponsor Terma A/S – Booth 715 Hovmarken 4 8520 Lystrup, Denmark www.terma.com Sales Contact: Ole Fogh Phone: +45-8743-6394

Terma specializes in modular EW Self Protection solutions for all types of military aircraft, including design, installation, integration, automation and pilot vehicle interface. Thales Components Corporation – Booth 614 40G Commerce Way Totowa, NJ 07512-1154 www.thalesgroup.com

Sales Contact: Joseph Emanuele Phone: +1-973-812-4084 Thales is a world leader in the manufacture of TWTs, Klystrons, Magnetrons and other microwave vacuum electron devices for Radar, Countermeasures and related applications.

Triasys Technologies – Booth 503 227 Chelmsford St., Suite H Chelmsford, MA 01824 www.triasys.us Sales Contact: John C. Apostle [email protected] Phone: +1-978-244-1060, x201 Fax: +1-978-244-1082 TriaSys offers custom DSP software development, telecommunications collection systems, COMINT and SIGINT systems integration, tactical SIGINT and direction ﬁnding solutions, electronic support and electronic attack systems and wireless test range development and maintenance.

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Times Microwave Systems – Booth 802 358 Hall Ave. Wallingford, CT 06492 www.timesmicrowave.com Sales Contact: Bob Carbonell [email protected] Phone: +1-203-949-8472 Fax: +1-203-949-8423 Products cover militaryaerospace, shipboard and commercial wireless applications and include high-performance ﬂexible, semi-ﬂexible and rigid coaxial cable assemblies and ﬂexible 50 ohm LMR® cables, connectors and assemblies.

U Silver Sponsor URS Corporation – Booth 211 2450 Crystal Drive, Suite 500 Arlington, VA 22202 www.urscorp.com Sales Contact: Jackie Erickson [email protected] Electromagnetic Spectrum Management/Electronic Warfare/Cyber Services/ C4ISR Defense and Operations Support; Modeling & Simulation; E3; Systems Engineering and Integration; HERO/HERP/HERF; Acquisition Management; Operations, Maintenance & Training.

9/7/11 4:14:30 PM

2011 AOC Convention Guide

V

ViaSat, Inc. – Booth 1424 1725 Breckinridge Plaza Duluth, GA 30096 www.viasat.com Sales Contact: Manuel Garcia [email protected]

Phone: +1-760-476-2613 Resolve design issues and reduce development costs of communications systems with true-to-life RF signal simulation from ViaSat. From high density signal testing to an expansive library of waveforms, our realistic simulation ensures accurate avionics analysis.

Bronze Sponsor VMR Electronics LLC – Booth 905 100 Eldredge Street PO Box 1830 Binghamton, NY 13902 www.vmrelectronics.com Sales Contact: sales@

SIGINT BLOCKS FOR COMINT SYSTEMS EW RADAR Tekmicro offers: • More channels • More analog resolution

114 The Journal of Electronic Defense | November 2011

• More bandwidth • More FPGA processing • More choices for your application In VME & VXS form factors for easy retroﬁt into existing systems.

Channels Resolution Sample Rate FPGAs

Aries-V6 Aries V6 Calypso-V6 Proteus-V6 10 6 2 16-bit 12-bit 10-bit 250 MSPS 1.8 GSPS 5 GSPS Three Virtex-6 devices from LX240T to SX475T

Along with many other ADC and DAC choices, all with sample accurate synchronization, network enabled, inherently scalable, and available for commercial and ruggedized applications including conduction cooled.

Tekmicro www.tekmicro.com | [email protected] 978-244-9200 | 978-328-5951 fax 300 Apollo Drive, Chelmsford, MA 01824-3629

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vmrelectronics.com VMR Electronics provides application engineering, prototypes, high mix and large volume cable assemblies for Military applications. Tested, serialized cables; Molded, Harnesses, waterproof, data, power, FFC, semi-rigid coax, phase matched, antenna. IPC/ WHMA-A-620 class 3, IPC J-STD001, ISO9001:2008, AS9100 certiﬁed, HUB Zone, small, women owned business.

W

Wideband Systems, Inc. – Booth 1303 2409 Linden Lane Silver Spring, MD 20910 www.wideband-sys.com Sales Contact: Mike Fitter [email protected] Phone: +1-949-420-0474 Fax: +1-949-420-0476 Wideband Systems designs and manufactures sophisticated recording instruments for SIGINT applications. We have a range of off-the-shelf recorders that can sample a single or multiple analog signals up to 400+MHz and digital channels up to 3200+Mb/sec.

X

X-COM Systems – Booth 811 12345 Sunrise Valley Drive, Ste B Reston, VA 20191-3418 www.xcomsystems.com Sales Contact: Jim Taber [email protected] X-COM Systems designs RF signal recording and playback solutions for real-world environment capture, signal simulation and test applications.

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Exhibitors by Booth Number Company

The Journal of Electronic Defense | November 2011

116

Booth #

AAI Corporation ........................................................906 Active Spectrum Inc. .................................................516 Aeroﬂex ...................................................................1408 Aeronix, Inc. ............................................................602 Aethercomm Inc. .......................................................415 Agilent Technologies Inc. ...........................................99 Anritsu Company .......................................................1210 Applied Research Associates .......................................1412 ARAT .......................................................................93 ATK Alliant Techsystems .............................................109 BAE Systems .............................................................1003 Beneﬁeld Anechoic Facility 772nd Test Squadron...........89 The Boeing Company..................................................1319 B&Z Technologies, LLC ...............................................1414 CAP Wireless .............................................................1103 Chemring Group PLC...................................................106 Cobham ....................................................................603 Comtech PST .............................................................1212 CPI ..........................................................................509 CSIR ........................................................................1307 dB Control ................................................................911 Defence R&D Canada ..................................................116 Defense Systems .......................................................816 DRS Technologies ......................................................409 Dynetics ..................................................................711 e2v Aerospace and Defense Inc. ..................................803 EADS North America/CASSIDIAN (an EADS company) ......115 EB, Elektrobit ...........................................................1418 Elbit Systems EW and SIGINT – Elisra ...........................1315 Elcom Technologies ...................................................316 EM Research .............................................................416 Empower RF Systems ..................................................1109 Esterline Defense Technologies ...................................1105 EW Simulation Technology LTD ....................................703 Ferrite Microwave Technology .....................................1411 Georgia Tech Research Institute ..................................902 Giga-tronics Incorporated ..........................................217 ITT Exelis .................................................................1011 KOR Electronics .........................................................606 L-3 Communicatio ......................................................804/806 Lockheed Martin .......................................................203 LS telcom .................................................................1407 MC Countermeasures Inc.............................................515 MegaPhase LLC ..........................................................1406 Meggitt ....................................................................1417 Mercury Computer Systems .........................................1323 Micro-Coax, Inc.........................................................91 Micronetics, Inc. .......................................................1404 Microsemi Corporation ...............................................1403

Company

Booth #

Micro Lambda Wireless, Inc. .......................................604 Micro Systems, Inc., A Kratos Company ........................705 Millitech, Inc. ...........................................................1402 MITEQ Inc ................................................................904 National Instruments .................................................1328 NAVAIR Commercial Air Services ..................................709 U.S. Naval Research Laboratory ...................................707 Northrop Grumman ....................................................103 Parker Aerospace .......................................................1413 Phase Matrix, Inc. .....................................................1311 Poynting Antennas ....................................................613 Protium Technologies Inc. ..........................................505 Raytheon Company ....................................................1202 RF Simulation Systems ...............................................916 RFHIC USA ................................................................315 Rockwell Collins ........................................................403 Rohde & Schwarz .......................................................303 RT Logic ...................................................................1410 Saab ........................................................................104 Selex Galileo.............................................................309 Sierra Nevada Corporation ..........................................1111 Souriau PA&E ............................................................713 SPEC (Systems & Processes Engineering Corp) ...............1422 Spectrum Signal Processing by Vecima .........................1416 SRC/SRCTec...............................................................808 Symetrics Industries, LLC ...........................................110 TCI International, Inc. ...............................................1419 TE Connectivity.........................................................807 TECOM Industries, Inc. ...............................................1113 Tekmicro ..................................................................1010 Tektronix Component Solutions ...................................710 Teledyne Technologies, Inc. ........................................1318 Teledyne Cougar Teledyne Defence Ltd Teledyne MEC Teledyne Microelectronics Teledyne Microwave Teligy, Inc. ...............................................................1208 TEN-TEC, Inc. ............................................................1420 Terma A/S ................................................................715 Thales Components Corporation ..................................614 Times Microwave Systems ...........................................802 TriaSys Technologies Corporation ................................503 URS Corporation........................................................211 ViaSat, Inc. ..............................................................1424 VMR Electronics, LLC ..................................................905 Wideband Systems, Inc. .............................................1303 X-COM Systems ..........................................................811

The Journal of Electronic Defense | November 2011

117

Bespoke design services using the latest GaN technology At Amplifier Technology we have over 30 years’ experience in delivering complex RF solutions.

Amplifier Technology is a specialist amplifier design and manufacturing company and was one of the first to offer a range of highly efficient GaN amplifiers. The company offers a bespoke design service to develop RF amplifiers and related systems for non-standard requirements.

With a core design capability of DC-40 GHz and higher.

Amplifier Technology delivers RF solutions in – Electronic Warfare Radar Communications amplifier technology ltd. unit 5, easter court, westerleigh business park, yate, bristol, united kingdom, bs37 5ys. tel: +44 (0) 8700 869 941 email: [email protected]

IPC

website: www.amplifiertechnology.com

ASSOCIATION CONNECTING ELECTRONICS INDUSTRIES ®

IPC-A-610 CERTIFIED IPC TRAINER

Gold Medal Award

Technical Analyst Award

Battle Management Award

Joint Service Award Marine Corps p

Mr. Zachery Urban

Captain Mark Chiofolo, USAF

Major Charles Dudik, USMC

Electronic Support Award

Joint Service Award Air Force

Joint Service Award - Navy y

SMSgt Casey Goldston, USAF

Major Rhett Murphy, USAF

LCDR Michael Szczerbinski, USN

Electronic Attack Award

Joint Service Award - Army y

International Achievement Award

Mr. John Lynch

Dr. UK Revenkar

Maj Gen Kenneth Israel, Ret

Hal Gershanoff Silver Medal Award

Mr. Antonino Amoroso

Joseph W. Kearney Pioneer Award Mr. Peter Steensma

LCDR Charles Dale, USN

John Marks C4ISR Award

Electronic Protect Award Mr. Sean Stevens

Space p Control Award

Mr. Daniel Bolek

Captain Matthew White, USAF

The Journal of Electronic Defense | November 2011

2011 AOC Annual Award Winners

119

2011 AOC Annual Award Winners A.C. McMullin Test & Evaluation Award

Modeling & Simulation Award

Mr. John Crane

Mr. Mike Foster

EW Maintenance Award

Integrated Product Team Award

2011 Outstanding Unit Awards AIR FORCE

53rd Electronic Warfare Group

ARMY

NAVY

TSgt Michael Johnson, USAF

The Journal of Electronic Defense | November 2011

120

EW Training g Award

Aviation – Electronic Attack Squadron VAQ-129

AAR-47B(V)2 IPT Team

EO/IR Award XVIII Airborne Corps Electronic Warfare Cell, Information Operations Cell (G7), Space Element

Capt David Bonn, USAF

Logistics g Award

NATO Shore – Task Force 1030 (NIOCs Norfolk, San Diego and Whidbey Island)

Mr. Jim Washington

MSGT Rodney Brooks, USAF

Surface – Carrier Strike Group Eleven

Clark Fiester Research & Development p

MARINES Operations – 21st Electronic Warfare (EW) Regiment (Canada)

Dr. Vasu Chakravarthy

Support – Electronic Warfare Section, Target Acquisition and Reconnaissance (ISTAR) EW Brigade (Italy)

Ground EW – 1st Radio Battalion Air EW – Marine Tactical Electronic Warfare Squadron 2(VMAQ-2) IO – Special Operations Task Force West, 2d Marine Special Operations Battalion

shephard.co.uk/events

Exhibition & Conference 6-7 December 2011 Marina Bay Sands, Singapore

Why should you attend as an exhibition visitor? > See the latest equipment > Hear about the latest developments in this fast-paced market > Make new contacts with electromagnetic spectrum (EMS) professionals from across the Pacific Rim > EW Asia is the place to conduct business > It’s free to attend as an exhibition visitor *1

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Supporting associations at 12 August 2011 *1 Courtesy of Northrop Grumman

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Official Media:

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DEFENCE and SECURITY of INDIA

DSI

2011 AOC Annual Award Winners Jerry Sowell Radio Frequency q y Award

Col Anton D. Brees Lifetime Service Award

Technology Hall Fame Dr. Tom Bass Mr. Michael Battaglia Mr. Charles Carstensen Mr. Cecil Christopher Mr. Joseph Hopf Mr. Ray Irwin

Mr. Randy Jones Col William Gardner, USA (Ret.)

Mr. Samuel Klein

Mr. Richard Leyble Mr. Barry McDermott (Deceased)

Executive Management Award – Industry y

Dr. Phil Nielson Mr. Anthony Sale (Deceased) Dr. Michael Steer Mr. Terry Tibbits

The Journal of Electronic Defense | November 2011

122

Col Christopher L. Glaze, USAF (Ret.)

CAPT Kenneth “Kilo” Parks, USN (Ret.)

Col Gary Henley, USAF (Ret.)

Col Ron Poland, USAF (Ret)

Mr. Joseph Battaglia

AOC Board of Directors Award

Executive Management Award – Government

Mr. Giorgio Bertoli

Captain Paul Overstreet, USN

Stan Hall Business Development Award Mr. Louis Winder

RADM Grady L. Jackson, USN (Ret.)

Wing Commander John Stubbington, Royal Air Force (Ret.)

Mr. Barry Fell

EW Program Management Award Lt Col Anthony Thomas, USAF

Col Rene Kaenzig, Swiss Air Force

Mr. John Wise

2011 AOC Annual Award Winners

AOC Chapter of the Year Award Winners SMALL Small Chapter of the Year – APG Susquehanna Roost Chapter

Medium Chapter of the Year – Billy Mitchell Chapter Distinguished Chapter – Patriots Roost Chapter Outstanding Small Chapter – Aardvarks Nest Chapter

Outstanding Chapter – Palmetto Roost Chapter

LARGE

The Journal of Electronic Defense | November 2011

MEDIUM

123

Chapters of the Year – (tie) Capitol Club, Dixie Crow Chapter

GREATEST PERCENTAGE/GROWTH INCREASE WINNERS Northeastern Region – Maple Leaf Chapter Mid-Atlantic Region – Pax River Roost Chapter Distinguished Large Chapters – UK Chapter, KittyHawk Chapter

Southern Region – Dixie Crow Chapter

Outstanding Large Chapter – Garden State Chapter

Pacific Region – Greater LA Chapter

Excellent Large Chapter – Chesapeake Bay Roost Chapter

Mountain-Western Region – Oklahoma Crows Chapter International Region I – India Chapter (Overall Winner for Region and all Chapter Areas) International Region II – Taipei Chapter

Index

of ad ve r tise r s

JED, The Journal of Electronic Defense (ISSN 0192-429X), is published monthly by Naylor, LLC, for the Association of Old Crows, 1000 N. Payne St., Ste. 200, Alexandria, VA 22314-1652. Periodicals postage paid at Alexandria, VA, and additional mailing offices. Subscriptions: JED, The Journal of Electronic Defense, is sent to AOC members and subscribers only. Subscription rates for paid subscribers are $160 per year in the US, $240 per year elsewhere; single copies and back issues (if available) $12 each in the US; $25 elsewhere. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to JED, The Journal of Electronic Defense, c/o Association of Old Crows, 1000 N. Payne St., Ste. 300, Alexandria, VA 22314-1652. Subscription Information: Glorianne O’Neilin (703) 549-1600 [email protected]

The Journal of Electronic Defense | November 2011

124

JED Sales

Offices

Naylor, LLC – Florida 5950 NW 1st Place Gainesville, FL 32607 Toll Free (US): (800) 369-6220 Fax: +1 (352) 331-3525 Project Manager: Jason White Direct: +1 (770) 810-6970 [email protected] Advertising Sales Representatives: Shaun Greyling Direct: +1 (352) 333-3385 [email protected] Erik Henson Direct: +1 (352) 333-3443 [email protected] Chris Zabel Direct: +1 (352) 333-3420 [email protected] Naylor – Canada 100 Sutherland Ave. Winnipeg, MB Canada R2W 3C7 Toll Free (US): (800) 665-2456 Fax: +1 (204) 947-2047

AAI Corporation .............................................www.aaicorp.com..................................................... 55 Aethercomm ...................................................www.aethercomm.com ........................................... 107 Amplifier Technology Ltd ..............................www.amplifiertechnology.com ................................ 118 Anaren Microwave Inc. ..................................www.anaren.com ..................................................... 20 ASELSAN – Radar, EW and Intelligence Systems Division .........................................www.aselsan.com.tr ................................................. 38 Aselsan Inc. ....................................................www.aselsan.com.tr ................................................. 16 ATK Defense Electronics Systems – Woodland Hills .........................................www.atk.com........................................................... 41 B&Z Technologies ...........................................www.bnztech.com.................................................... 86 BAE Systems ...................................................www.baesystems.com .................. 126, inside back cover Battlespace Simulations, Inc. ........................www.bssim.com .......................................................40 CAP Wireless ..................................................www.capwireless.com ............................................... 27 Chemring Countermeasures Ltd ....................www.chemringcm.com ............................................. 45 Chemring North America...............................www.chemringnorthamerica.com.............................. 31 Cobham Sensor Systems.................................www.cobham.com .................................................... 17 Comtech PST Corp. .........................................www.comtechpst.com...............................................48 Crane Aerospace & Electronics.......................www.craneae.com/electronics.....................................8 CSIR Defence, Peace, Safety and Security .....www.csir.co.za/dpss ................................................. 50 CTT, Inc. .........................................................www.cttinc.com....................................................... 35 dB Control ......................................................www.dbcontrol.com ................................................. 89 Dow Key Microwave Corporation ...................www.dowkey.com..................................................... 60 DRS Defense Solutions ...................................www.drs-ds.com .............................. outside back cover Elcom Technologies ........................................www.elcom-tech.com ............................................. 106 Elisra Electronic Systems ..............................www.elisra.com ....................................................... 36 EM Research, Inc. ...........................................www.emresearch.com ............................................. 112 Emhiser Research ..........................................www.emhiser.com .................................................... 10 Empower RF Systems, Inc. .............................www.empowerrf.com .............................................. 105 EW Simulation Technology Ltd......................www.ewst.co.uk.........................................................7 EWA, Inc. ........................................................www.ewa.com .......................................................... 53 Giga-tronics Incorporated .............................www.gigatronics.com ............................................. 101 Grintek Ewation .............................................www.gew.co.za ........................................................ 58 Hawker Beechcraft Corp. ...............................www.hawkerbeechcraft.com ..................................... 22 Herley-CTI ......................................................www.herley.com ...................................................... 59 ITT Exelis........................................................www.exelisinc.com ........................... inside front cover ITT Exelis – APT .............................................www.excelisinc.com ................................................. 49 ITT Microwave Systems ..................................www.ittmicrowave.com ............................................ 34 IW Microwave .................................................www.iw-microwave.com ........................................... 23 KOR Electronics ..............................................www.korelectronics.com.............................................3 Krytar, Inc......................................................www.krytar.com ...................................................... 67 L-3 Communications Corporation Randtron Antenna Systems ........................www.L-3com.com/randtron ...................................... 25 L-3 Electron Devices ......................................www.l-3com.com/edd/ ............................................. 39 L-3 Electron Technologies, Inc. .....................www.l-3com.com/et ................................................. 56 L-3 Narda Microwave East..............................www.nardamicrowave.com ..................................... 109 Mercury Computer Systems, Inc. ...................www.mc.com ......................................................24, 52 Micro Lambda Wireless, Inc...........................www.microlambdawireless.com ............................... 103 MITEQ Inc. ......................................................www.miteq.com ....................................................... 21 Naval Postgraduate School.............................www.nps.edu ........................................................... 26 Northrop Grumman Corporation ...................www.northropgrumman.com .................................... 43 Northrop Grumman Electronic Systems ........www.es.northropgrumman.com ..................................5 Northrop Grumman Electronic Systems – Amherst Systems......................................www.northropgrumman.com .................................... 29 PMT .................................................................www.pmtrf.com .......................................................44 Raytheon Applied Signal Technology, Inc. ...www.appsig.com .....................................................111 Raytheon Company ........................................www.raytheon.com .................................................. 13 Rohde & Schwarz ............................................www.rohde-schwarz.com .......................................... 11 Saab AB, Electronic Defense Systems............www.saabgroup.com................................................. 57 Sierra Nevada Corporation ( SNC ) ................www.sncorp.com ...................................................... 37 SRC, Inc. .........................................................www.srcinc.com ....................................................... 51 Symetrics Industries, Inc. .............................www.symetrics.com ................................................. 63 TECOM .............................................................www.tecom-ind.com................................................. 64 TEK Microsystems, Inc. ..................................www.tekmicro.com ................................................ 114 Tektronix Component Solutions ....................www.component-solutions.tek.com ......................... 115 Teledyne Storm Products ...............................www.teledynestorm.com .......................................... 14 Teligy..............................................................www.teligy.com ....................................................... 97 Ten-Tec Inc. ....................................................www.tentec.com .................................................... 108 TERMA ............................................................www.terma.com ....................................................... 95 Thales Aerospace Division .............................www.thalesgroup.com .............................................. 93 TMD Technologies Ltd ....................................www.tmd.co.uk........................................................84 TRU Corporation.............................................www.trucorporation.com .......................................... 54 Ultra Electronics TCS .....................................www.ultra-tcs.com .....................................................9 URS Corp ........................................................www.urscorp.com................................................... 110 Vectron International ....................................www.vectron.com .................................................... 65 VMR Electronics LLC ......................................www.vmrelectronics.com ........................................ 113 Warfare Solutions, LLC ..................................www.warfaresolutions.com ....................................... 42 Werlatone, Inc. ...............................................www.werlatone.com ................................................. 19 Wright Technologies ......................................www.wrighttec.com .................................................44 X-Com Systems ...............................................www.xcomsystems.com ............................................ 18

3

8 _

6

9

12

8. Complete Mailing Address of Headquarters or General Business Office of Publisher (Not printer)

Association of Old Crows 1000 North Payne Street, Suite 200, Alexandria VA, 22314-1652 850-668-7400

Telephone (Include area code)

Elaine Richardson

Contact Person

$160 US/$240 Int'l

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amdended Oct. 19. 2011

3. Filing Date

1000 North Payne Street, Suite 200, Alexandria, VA 22314

Complete Mailing Address

Has Not Changed During Preceding 12 Months Has Changed During Preceding 12 Months (Publisher must submit explanation of change with this statement)

PS Form 3526-R, September 2007 (Page 1 of 3 (Instructions Page 3)) PSN: 7530-09-000-8855 PRIVACY NOTICE: See our privacy policy on www.usps.com

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12. Tax Status (For completion by nonprofit organizations authorized to mail at nonprofit rates) (Check one) The purpose, function, and nonprofit status of this organization and the exempt status for federal income tax purposes:

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11. Known Bondholders, Mortgagees, and Other Security Holders Owning or Holding 1 Percent or More of Total Amount of Bonds, Mortgages, or Other Securities. If none, check box ✔ None

Association of Old Crows

10. Owner (Do not leave blank. If the publication is owned by a corporation, give the name and address of the corporation immediately followed by the names and addresses of all stockholders owning or holding 1 percent or more of the total amount of stock. If not owned by a corporation, give the names and addresses of the individual owners. If owned by a partnership or other unincorporated firm, give its name and address as well as those of each individual owner. If the publication is published by a nonprofit organization, give its name and address.) Complete Mailing Address Full Name

Elaine Richardson, Naylor, LLC 5950 NW 1st Place, Gainesville, FL 32605

Managing Editor (Name and complete mailing address)

John Knowles, Naylor, LLC 5950 NW 1st Place, Gainesville, FL 32605

Editor (Name and complete mailing address)

Elaine Richardson, Naylor, LLC 5950 NW 1st Place, Gainesville, FL 32605

9. Full Names and Complete Mailing Addresses of Publisher, Editor, and Managing Editor (Do not leave blank) Publisher (Name and complete mailing address)

Naylor, LLC 5950 NW 1st Place, Gainesville, FL 32605

0

5. Number of Issues Published Annually

4

2. Publication Number

7. Complete Mailing Address of Known Office of Publication (Not printer) (Street, city, county, state, and ZIP+4®)

Monthly

4. Issue Frequency

JED, The Journal of Electronic Defense

1. Publication Title

Statement of Ownership, Management, and Circulation (Requester Publications Only)

Requested Copies Distributed by Other Mail Classes Through the USPS (e.g. First-Class Mail®)

Nonrequested Copies Distributed Outside the Mail (Include Pickup Stands, Trade Shows, Showrooms and Other Sources) (4)

Copies not Distributed (See Instructions to Publishers #4, (page #3)) Total (Sum of 15f and g) Percent Paid and/or Requested Circulation (15c divided by f times 100)

h. i.

14. Issue Date for Circulation Data Below

Date

10/19/2011

PS Form 3526-R, September 2007 (Page 2 of 3)

I certify that all information furnished on this form is true and complete. I understand that anyone who furnishes false or misleading information on this form or who omits material or information requested on the form may be subject to criminal sanctions (including fines and imprisonment) and/or civil sanctions (including civil penalties).

Digitally signed by Elaine Richardson DN: cn=Elaine Richardson, o=Naylor LLC, ou, [email protected], c=US Date: 2011.10.19 12:48:00 -04'00'

17. Signature and Title of Editor, Publisher, Business Manager, or Owner

94.83%

95.22% November 2011

339 14,835

14,496

14,881 305

750

711

15,186

750

13,746

2,453

11,293

14,835

711

14,170

2,436

11,734

15,186

Average No. Copies Each No. Copies of Single Issue Published Issue During Preceding Nearest to Filing Date 12 Months

September 2011

16. Publication of Statement of Ownership for a Requester Publication is required and will be printed in the issue of this publication.

Total Distribution (Sum of 15c and e)

f.

Total Nonrequested Distribution (Sum of 15d (1), (2), (3) and (4))

Nonrequested Copies Distributed Through the USPS by Other Classes of Mail (e.g. First-Class Mail, Nonrequestor Copies mailed in excess of 10% Limit mailed at Standard Mail® or Package Services Rates)

In-County Nonrequested Copies Stated on PS Form 3541 (include Sample copies, Requests Over 3 years old, Requests induced by a Premium, Bulk Sales and Requests including Association Requests, Names obtained from Business Directories, Lists, and other sources)

(3)

(2)

g.

e.

d. Nonrequested Distribution (By Mail and Outside the Mail)

(1)

Outside County Nonrequested Copies Stated on PS Form 3541 (include Sample copies, Requests Over 3 years old, Requests induced by a Premium, Bulk Sales and Requests including Association Requests, Names obtained from Business Directories, Lists, and other sources)

c. Total Paid and/or Requested Circulation (Sum of 15b (1), (2), (3), and (4))

(4)

b. Legitimate Paid and/or In-County Paid/Requested Mail Subscriptions stated on PS Form 3541. Requested (Include direct written request from recipient, telemarketing and Internet reDistribution (2) quests from recipient, paid subscriptions including nominal rate subscriptions, (By Mail employer requests, advertiser’s proof copies, and exchange copies.) and Outside Sales Through Dealers and Carriers, Street Vendors, Counter the Mail) (3) Sales, and Other Paid or Requested Distribution Outside USPS®

Outside County Paid/Requested Mail Subscriptions stated on PS Form 3541. (Include direct written request from recipient, telemarketing and Internet re(1) quest s from recipient, paid subscriptions including nominal rate subscriptions, employer requests, advertiser’s proof copies, and exchange copies.)

a. Total Number of Copies (Net press run)

15. Extent and Nature of Circulation

JED, The Journal of Electronic Defense

13. Publication Title

The Journal of Electronic Defense | November 2011

125

JED

quick look

Details

The Journal of Electronic Defense | November 2011

126

Page #

AAQ-33 Sniper pod ........................................................................... 38 Advanced Anti-Radiation Guided Missile (AARGM)...............................33 AEL Sistemas SA, EW for Brazilian KC-390 .......................................... 30 AFRL, Automated Virtual Information Production Support System modernization ............................................................................26 Agilent Technologies, COMINT/DF receiver ..........................................70 AMESYS, COMINT/DF receivers ............................................................70 Anti-Ship Cruise Missiles (ASCM) ....................................................... 46 AOC Annual Award Winners.............................................................. 119 AOC Convention Guide ...................................................................... 98 AOC Convention & Symposium Schedule ..............................................87 Argon ST, COMINT/DF receiver ............................................................70 ATK, AARGM .....................................................................................33 Australia, Hornet reconfiguration to Growlers .................................... 30 BAE Systems Australia, Nulka decoy ...................................................52 BAE Systems, DEACON technology development contract ......................16 BAE Systems, NAVWAR Trinity contract ..............................................24 BAE Systems, TSP contract ................................................................ 22 Bill Kasting, ATK ...............................................................................33 Boeing, Joint Direct Attack Munition (JDAM) ..................................... 42 Boeing, DEACON technology development contract ..............................16 Chemring, Centurion launcher........................................................... 60 Chemring, Chimera decoy ................................................................. 50 Chemring, PIRATE decoy ................................................................... 50 Chuck Pinney, Raytheon .................................................................. 34 Cobham, COMINT/DF receivers ............................................................70 COL Rod Mentzer, US Army .................................................................15 COMINT/DF systems and receivers...................................................... 69 Communications EA with Surveillance and Reconnaissance (CAESAR) pod ..............................................................................15 Counter-MANPAD protection for civilian airliners ............................... 28 Crane Electronics, ALQ-131 contract ...................................................26 Defense Support Services, LAIRCM contract.........................................24 Digital Receiver Technology, amplifier contract ...................................26 Disruptive Electronic Attack of Communications Networks (DEACON), contracts .....................................................................16 DRS Signal Solutions, COMINT/DF receivers .........................................70 DSPCon, COMINT/DF receivers .............................................................70 Eclipse Electronic Systems, COMINT/DF receivers .................................70 Elbit Systems, COMINT/DF receivers ....................................................72 Elcom Technologies, COMINT/DF receivers ...........................................70 Elektrobit, COMINT/DF receivers .........................................................70 Elettronica, COMINT/DF systems .........................................................72 Elta, COMINT/DF systems ...................................................................72 Etienne Lacroix, SEALEM RF decoy .................................................... 48 FAA, direction finding VHF antenna ...................................................24 France, ACCOLADE prototype ............................................................. 54 France, E-2C Hawkeye upgrade .......................................................... 30 GATOR, communications jammer.........................................................15 General Dynamics-AIS, COMINT/DF receivers .......................................72 General Dynamics C4, Threat Information Operations contract .............26 Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) ...........................................61 Grintek Ewation, COMINT/DF receivers ................................................72 GTRI, C-130 EW integration contract ...................................................26 HDT Airborne, Outfit DLF(2) and DLF(3) decoys ................................... 48 High-Speed Anti-Radiation Missile (HARM) .........................................33

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Indra, COMINT/DF receivers................................................................72 Integrated EW System (IEWS) analysis of alternatives ..........................15 IRCOS JSC, COMINT/DF receivers .........................................................74 ITT, CVRJ contract.............................................................................24 ITT, name change to ITT Exelis .......................................................... 22 IZT, COMINT/DF receivers ...................................................................74 Jordan Electronic Logistics Support, COMINT/DF receivers....................74 Kongsberg, Naval Strike Missile (NSM) ............................................... 46 L-3 ASIT, COMINT/DF receivers ...........................................................74 L-3 Linkabit, COMINT/DF receivers ......................................................74 L-3 TRL, COMINT/DF receivers.............................................................74 L-3, Network Centric Collaborative Targeting (NCCT) program .............. 40 Lethal SEAD ......................................................................................32 Lockheed Martin Sippican, Nulka decoy ..............................................52 Lockheed Martin, RQ-170 Sentinel ..................................................... 44 Lt Col Chad Baker, US Air Force ......................................................... 36 MBDA, AARGM...................................................................................33 MC-130J, new RF countermeasures ..................................................... 20 MEDAV, COMINT/DF receivers ..............................................................74 NASIC, interference detection system ................................................ 18 NATO, Embow XIII airborne IRCM exercise .......................................... 30 Naval soft-kill defenses ..................................................................... 46 NIITEK, Husky contract .....................................................................24 Northrop Grumman, DEACON technology development contract ............16 Northrop Grumman, US Navy X-47B ................................................... 44 Operations Support Technologies, DSTS contract ..................................24 Phyllis McEnrow, Raytheon ............................................................... 42 Plath GmbH, COMINT/DF receivers ......................................................76 Position, navigation and timing (PNT) ................................................61 Rafael, Wideband Zapping Anti-Radar Decoy (WIZARD) ....................... 48 Raytheon Applied Signal Technology, COMINT/DF receivers ..................76 Raytheon, ASQ-228 ATFLIR ............................................................... 40 Raytheon, DEACON technology development contract ..........................16 Raytheon, HARM targeting system .................................................... 36 Raytheon, Joint Standoff Weapon (JSOW) .......................................... 40 Rheinmetall, Bullfighter ................................................................... 50 Rheinmetall, Multi Ammunition Softkill System (MASS) ..................... 50 Rockwell Collins C3I, COMINT/DF receivers ..........................................76 Rohde & Schwarz, COMINT/DF receivers...............................................76 Sagem, New Generation Dagaie System (NGDS).................................... 60 Selex Galileo, Mk 251 Active Decoy Round (ADR) ................................ 54 Sierra Nevada Corp, CREW contract .....................................................24 Southwest Research Institute, COMINT/DF receivers.............................78 Spectrum, possible frequency re-assignment for commercial broadband .... 28 Synetics, COMINT/DF system ..............................................................78 Tata, Integrated EW Systems for Mountainous Terrain (IEWS-MT) ........ 30 TCI, COMINT/DF receivers ...................................................................78 Thales Group, COMINT/DF receivers .....................................................78 Times Aerospace Korea, JDAM extended range .................................... 42 Ultra Electronic Telemus, COMINT/DF receivers ....................................78 US Air Force, Next Generation Missile ................................................ 38 US Army, COMINT for FMS ................................................................. 20 US Marine Corps, directed energy sources .......................................... 18 US Navy, Ship-launched Persistent Integrated Countermeasures for Electronic warfare (SPICE) ...................................................... 54

With more than 50 years of electronic warfare experience, BAE SYSTEMS is pleased to sponsor the JED Quick Look.

BAE Systems a proven leader in electronic countermeasures, producing more aircraft self-protection systems than any other company in the world. The Advanced Threat Infrared Countermeasures system provides reliable, reusable jamming to defeat current and future threats, and is credited with saving soldiers in complex engagements from IR-guided missiles. Our unsurpassed electronic countermeasures heritage demonstrates how We Protect Those Who Protect Us® and deliver real advantage to warfighters.

www.baesystems.com Photo Courtesy of U.S. Army

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