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1 Complete the puzzle by following the clues. 1 Thatfilm is absolutelyau4vtL- don't go to see it (5) ! (9) 2 I n e e dt o g o t o b e d .l ' m a b s o l u t e l-y 3 Therewere no free seatson the bus lt was very ' (71 f e e t , h a s n ' th e ? ( 3 ) 4 H e ' sg o t v e r y! (8) 5 I t a k es i z e1 2 , n o r 1 8 .T h i si s a b s o l u t e l-y l a t c h- l t w a s a b s o l u t e l y 6 6 5 , 0 0 0p e o p l ea t t h e f o o t b a lm | (6) . (5) 7 After the journeythe boyswere really(9) youl party . Thank 8 Your was absolutely-
1 Correct the mistakes in the following sentences. E x a m p l eM : a x l s a m o r n i n g m a nX p e r s o w 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
L e i l aw a n t sa l i e o n . W a l t e rw a k e sh i m s e l fu p e a r l y E l l i ei s a n e a r l yr i s s e r . S a ms o m e t i m e ss l e e p s o v earn d i s l a t ef o r w o r k . M a n d yh a da n e a r l yb e d l a s tn i g h t . R o n a l dg o t o u t o f t h e b e d o n t h e w r o n g s i d e . Kurtcan't keeo hls eves awake. Stellalikesto staysup lateto watch films.
#r*nti**r: $ilfuj**t ff*rl #bj#*t ilLi*si!**;c 2 Write the words in the correct order to make questions. Add do I does / did it necessary. Example:in / the I whar I ltaly?/ you / say/morning/in What do Vow sav a Lwthe wuovwLwg
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2 Underlinethe correct form of the verbs. Example:Ne took / was taking a showerwhen I phoned / was phoning him 1 \Ne stopped / were stopping at a caf6 when we drove / were driving home. I laughed/ was laughing at the photosso much, I dropped / was dropping my drink. My boyfriendarrived / was arriving just as I served / was serving dinner Someonetook / was taking my walletwhile I got / was getting onto the train. 5 | danced /was dancing when my shoe broke /was breaking.
3 from?/ where / pasta/ come
4 Vatiean? / lives/ the / in / who
5 where lplay? lRoma footballteam
6 ltalians/ breakfast? I wharI drink/ for
3 Complete the text. Use the correct form of the verbs in brackets. she wern"t Sharonlikesplayingjokeson people One day_, (go)shoppingwith her boyfriendDave.They ' ( d e c i d et)o ( w a l k )a r o u n da s h o pw h e n S h a r o n' ( t e l l t) h e s e c u r i t y p l a ya j o k e o n D a v e S h e3 ( s t e a lt)h i n g sf r o m t h e s h o p g u a r d st h a t D a v e4 (look)at a stereosystem,the While he u ( a r r e s th) i m a n d ' s e c u r i t yg u a r d su (take)hlm into the manager'soJfice.While they 8 (laugh). ( e x a m i n eh)i s p o c k e t sS , h a r o n' -
88
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3 Match the questions in Exercise2 with the answers below. a) Coffee b) Br-icn,Ji*i'nc c) ltalian d) ltaly e) In Rome f) ThePope g)The Romans Exam ple: What do e uou sau Lw the wuorwLwgLw ItaLgz BvLow ctLorwo. 1
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1 Completethe sentenceswith the correctwordsor phrasesin the box.
1 Put the lettersin the correctorder,then complete the texts.
a) afterthe Americancity b) 1'p1.; c) chocolate d ) t h i n ko f c h o c o l a t e e ) s t r o n gi m a g e f) Americanassociations g) me of New York h ) l i k eA m e r i c a nc i t l e s
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W h e n I w a s a t s c h o o l ,I d i d n ' ts t u d ya n d I didn'tget anyqualifications. I' _ schooland startedworkingin a boringjob with very littlemoney Fiveyearslater,I decidedto ' t o c o l l e g eI. 3 a l lm y e x a m sa g a i na n dt h i s t i m e I o _ them a l l- I w a s s o p l e a s e d
Example:I loveyour dress- it reallvsuits r,4orz 1 2 3 4
The word Mars alwaysmakes me | a l w a y st h i n k' a p p l ep i e ' h a s R e n oa n dD a l l a s o u n d_ . I drivea big Americancar becauseit createsa
5 W h e n p e o p l es a y ' a p p l e ' i,t r e m i n d s 6 Peanutstaste good with 7 M y d o g ' sn a m ei s C h a r l o t t -e | c a l l e dh e r
At school,I alwaysgot good u _ , so when I went to u_, I was very u p s e tw h e n I f a i l e da l l m y 7 _ in t h e f i r s ty e a r .N o w l ' m i n t h e s e c o n dy e a r and I want to study harderAt the end of my three years,I reallywant to get my
Grsi*:rn*r: fut*rc lE:ith*si# iiri* j?#iffSrf# 2 Correct the mistakes in the following sentences. E x a m p l eI:c a n ' ts e e y o u t o n i g h tb e c a u s el w # g o t o t h e cinema X 'vw goLwg to 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
S h e b o o k e dt h e f l i g h t S h eg o i n gt o g o t o S p a i n | d o n ' tt h i n kI b u y i t n o w t h a n k s . W e ' v e d e c i d e dW . e ' i lc a l lh e r P e t r a . Aren't you goingtake that new job? D o e sh e w i l l g o w i t h u s , o r n o t ? | n o t t h i n kt h e y ' r eg o i n gt o g o . O K ,t h e n .T e l lA m y I m e e t h e r l a t e r
il r;:r:im* r: f;ili$tfi* ifi iiv*s * ii* srl** :i *rii'* s 2 Look at the pictures.Write sentencesusing the prompts below. E x a m p l eB: e n- A n n a- g o o dg r a d e s : Bew got be*,er grades thaw Awwa.
3 Underlinethe correct form of the verb. E x a m p l eA: : H a sN i c k yd e c i d e do n a n a m ef o r h e r b a b y ? B: Yes She will call /'s going to callhim Tom 1 A Will you see / Are you going fo see that band? B :Y e s ,l w i l l / l a m . 2 A .What will you give / are you going to give her for h e rb i r t h d a y ? B : I don't know yeL l'll think / l'm going to think a b o u ti t . 3 A : l've decided- I'm going to have/ I'llhaye chicken A n dv o u ? B: Well . I think l'm going to have / I'll havefish. 4 A: lt's agreed, We'll get / We're going to get married i nJ u n e . B: Will you have / Are you going to have a church wedding? 5 A: I'll go shopping / I'm going to go shopping with Vera. B: Oh, good idea I'm going to come / I'll comeloo. 6 A: Are you going to go / Will you go out tonight? B: No, / won't / I'm not - I'm too busv.
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3 Correct the mistakes in the following sentences. E x a m p l eI:a m m o r e i n t e r e s t e d i n b i o l o g yt h a t i n c h e m i s t r y X thaw 1 2 3 4 5 6
M a r i ai s t h e m o s t f a s t e s ts w i m m e ri n t h e t e a m Y o u rh o u s ei s a l o t b i g e rt h a n m i n e . The weatheris much badderthan it was yesterday. G i n ai s t h e s u c c e s s f u l l eps e t r s o ni n o u r c l a s s S h e ' st h e m o s t g o o dt e a c h e ri n t h e w h o l es c h o o l M y b r o t h e ri s t a l l e s tp e r s o ni n o u r f a m i l y
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1 Find eleven words to do with crime. The first has been done for you.
Example:The first time you drivea car it feels very simple / complicated.
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1 | l i v e di n K o r e af o r n i n e t e e ny e a r s ,s o l e a r n i n gK o r e a n was no trouble / hard. 2 With practlce,the Internetreallydoes get more and more straightforward / impossible. 3 | triedto catchthe ballwith my left hand,but as l'm right-handed it was quite a piece of cake/ tough. 4 | c o o ka l o t ,s o c o o k i n gf o r e i g h tp e o p l ew a s b a s i c a l l y no trouble / complicated. 5 l f y o u r e v i s eo f t e n ,t h e n r e m e m b e r i ntgh e r i g h tp h r a s e is usuallyquite complicated / simple.
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youhavea dominant Being left-handed rightsideof means thebrainandoaw do mostthings withyourlefthand 1 theirrighthand Manyleft-handers, however, quick you if areleft-handed forsome things. A testwillshow ' together? lf youhavethe foldyourhands 'leftie' people rightthumb 0nt0p,y0u're a Some well. dothings withbothhands equally 'leftie' Being a ambidextrous isa bigadvantage overbeing u properly Lefties they scissors Occasionally orwriteeasilv. However, it'snotallbad d0great news.Manyfamous lefties have6 Winfrey things: Leonardo Monroe, 0prah daVinci, Marilyn andBillGates to name buta few!
ffir nrnrunr : rr#v* nhi; #f ${.rii:i#.ql} 2 Gombinetwo sentencesto make one sentence. Use the words in brackets. Example:A cup of coffeeis good. lt will wake you up. (for) A cvtpof ooffie Ls good for wakLwg Aon n?. 1 | s t u d yh a r d I w a n t t o l e a r nE n g l i s hf a s t .( i n o r d e r t o ) S h e d r i v e sc a r e f u l l yS. h e d o e s n ' tw a n t t o h a v ea n a c c i d e n t(.s o a s n o t t o ) 3 M a r c oc a r r i e sa d i c t i o n a r yH e c a n c h e c kv o c a b u l a r y when he's reading.(for) 4 T a k ea n u m b r e l l al.t m i g h tr a i n .( i n c a s e ) S h ea l w a v sc a r r i e sh e r p h o n e .S h e c a n c a l lh e r f r i e n d s . ( s ot h a t )
3 Write the words in the correct order.
6 Write it down You might forget it. (in case)
E x a m p l eb: o t h a b l e t o h a n d s w i t h S h e ' s t h r o w She'E abLeto thvow wlth both hawds.
7 I w a t c ht h e n e w s i n E n g l i s hI g e t l i s t e n i n gp r a c t l c e( t o )
1 food I spicy eat can't 2 t s l a n g u a g e sM y a b l e s p e a k f i v e t o d a d 3 the haven't see yet baby managed to We wasn't so forgot photos camera I m y a b l e t o I taKe any card was expensive pay able but I lt by credit to was 6 | flnish difficult but was manaqed to lt it
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3 Rewritethe sentencesso they have the same meaning. {.Jsethe words in brackets and make any necessarychanges. E x a m p l eI:n s u m m e r ,I w e a r a h a t b e c a u s eI w a n t m y h e a d to keep cool.(to) Iw suvwvwer,I wear a hat to keq wvg head oooL. 1 I n w i n t e r ,I w e a r a h a t b e c a u s eI d o n ' tw a n t t o g e t c o l d . ( i n o r d e rt o ) H e l e a v e sh i s h o u s ea t 6 . 3 0b e c a u s eh e d o e s n ' tw a n t to be latefor work (so as not to) T a k em y p h o n en u m b e rb e c a u s ey o u m i g h tw a n t t o p h o n em e . ( i n c a s e ) S h e n e e d sa c o m p u t e rb e c a u s es h e w o r k sa t h o m e . (for)
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1 Complete the crossword.
i*pyp ini-ajcb send an meila georisanan event geI a moontipor use a percumot write a trorpe w o r k i n a e m a t g o f o r a n t e w i r e v i n e c r e v eai f a x gettinga differentjob usinganofficemachine E.
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ffirnmnian":$3i'*sefitpt*rfect siml:im 2 Underlinethe correct form of the verbs. G r e g : H e l l o ,m y n a m e ' sG r e gJ o n e s .l ' d l i k et o a p p l yf o r t h e m a n a g e r 'jso b . L e n : W e l l ,I h o p ey o u h a d / v o u ' v e h a d t h e r i g h t experience.t Did you do / Have you done this klnd of job before? Greg; Y e s , 2 / d i d / t h a v e . Len: Where? G r e g : Well 3 / worked / l've worked at Unlted Footbal Club. L e n : G r e a t lT e l lm e m o r e . G r e g : aI was / I've been there last Vear. L e n : OK. But 5 were you / have you been the manager lastVear? G r e g : Well ... er .. no, 6 I wasn't / I haven't. L e n : B u t w e n e e ds o m e o n ew h o 7 h a d / h a s h a d managementexperience.AndByou didn't / you haven't. Greg: No, that',sright,s I didn't / t haven't. Len: Look,l'm sorry.Tryagainwhen 1ayou had / you've h a d m o r ee x p e r i e n c eT h a n k sf o r c a l l i n gG . oodbye. Greg: Bye. 3 Correct the mistakes in the sentences.Be careful not all the sentencesare wrong! Example:Haveyou g€neto China?X beew 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Haveyou everated Indianfood? He's neverworked in an office,did he? l ' v e n e v e rb e e nh e r eb e f o r e Haveyou ever lyed to your boss? We've boughta new computeryesterday. S a r a h ' s e e nt h e n e w t e a m l e a d e rH . e ' sg o r g e o u s ! They'veflown on Concordein '1999 They ranthe LondonmarathonlastVear.
Funr:ti*n: sHffi nfi ffinfr fi #*rlvfr r's#tifin 2 Write the words in the correct order. a ) i s C h a r l i e F r a n c e s ,t h i s Frawoes, thls Ls CharLLe b) me Vou evervone introduce let to c) Vou 1.30 see then at d) and family are your you how e) again see to good you here f) was journey how the g) dress i your love h )f o o d b u t t e r r i b l e t h e w a s 3 Write the phrases from Exercise 2 in the correct pad of the dialogue. J e r r y : H e l l o .1 Frances:lt's very niceto be here.' _? J e r r y : V e r yw e l l ,t h a n k s t. _ ? G o o df l i g h t ? F r a n c e s :N o t b a d .a Jerry:
O h , p o o ry o u ! A h . . H e r ea r et h e o t h e r s
.r Frawces,thLs Ls CharLLe(a) . .. and I t h i n k y o u a l r e a d yk n o w B e n i t a ,d o n ' t y o u ?
5
F r a n c e s Y: o c r a r a m a f l a c f r r a r r B e n i t a : I must say ' -, Frances. FrancesT : h a n ky o u . C h a r l i e :Anyway,the meetingstartsat 2.00. Let'smeet a g a i na t 1 . 3 0s h a l lw e ? F r a n c e s :R i g h t .B Jerry: See you later
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1 Underlinethe correct word.
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tik d ) y e m n ot e b l e ) t o o m s u i qp e l e l e n t r f ) t i r f s - i d a g) gikawlnsotbo h) trawe lobtet i) ugiedkobo Example:al raLw cLothes i] r* r,:* * r : :'ir.ti I *it l".! i[i,;li"l*t 2 Choose the correct endings (a-h) for the sentences (1-8).
E x a m p l eI: l i k ed o i n gs p o r t sw i t h o t h e rp e o p l ea n d t a k i n g easv/ patlt/ break in team games. '1 Everyonecan take a easy/ part / break for five minutes and havea cup of coffee. 2 Don't take ln / off / on any more work - you haven'tgot trme. 3 l ' v e g o t a h o s p i t aal p p o i n t m e notn F r i d a yC. a n l t a k e t h e day on / up / off? 4 You'revery trred.Sit down and take it off / easy/ break. 5 | n e e dt o d o m o r ee x e r c i s eI.t h i n kl ' l l t a k e o n / i n / u p p l a y i n gt e n n i s 2 Rewritethe sentences using expressionswith take to replace the underlinedwords. E x a m p l eC: o m eo n ! R e l a x Jl u s t e n j o yy o u r s e l!f Covweowt Take Lt easrJt Jv-stewjog govtrseLft 1 You look ill Why don't you havea holidaytoday? T h e e x a mf i n i s h e sa t 2 . 3 O ,t h e nv o u c a n h a v es o m ef r e e timefor an hour.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
l ' l l d r i v et h i s m o r n i n g f We can sit undera tree l ' l l b u y s o m es u n c r e a m lf we go for a walk, P u t o n s o m e m o s q u i t or e p e l l e n t l f y o u m a k ea f i r e , P l e a s eb e c a r e f uol f s n a k e s l f y o u s t o p h e r ef o r a m i n u t e ,
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3 Youcan do many outdooractivitieson this holiday Lastyear,I triedto do more than was possibleand I got very trred. l ' v e g o t m o r et i m e n o w s o l ' m g o i n gt o b e g i na n e w hobby.
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b ) i f y o u w a l ka r o u n di n t h e g r a s s . c ) | c a n t a k ea p h o t o g r a p h . d) unlessyou want to get bitten e ) l ' l lc o o kd i n n e r f) if you drivethis afternoon. g ) w e ' l l t a k es o m ew a t e rw i t h u s . h) if it gets too hot.
fi :'r;::riru r r: !J{} rh il * r =iiil *ll* r:* iLrl' !els#s'rr':ilii i*liht:r 3 Correctthe mistakesin the followingsentences. Example:I can't standtep{ay computergames
3 Complete the sentenceswith the correct form of the verbs in brackets. (remember),l'LLbvtu (buy)a Example:lf I revwevnber newspaper. ( c o m e t) o ( b e )g l a di f y o u 1 John the party, ( g o )i n M a r c h ,t h e w e a t h e r 2 lf you (be)perfect, (tell) ( p h o n em ) e t o n i g h t ,I 3 lf you youthe news. (notcome) (you/ do) if she 4 What to the meeting? (not (helpm ) e, I _ 5 U n l e s sy o u f i n i s h )i t . ( d o )t h a t a g a i n I, 6 lf the waiter /^^l-\ ( a s K+r)^o s^ ^p^ ^el - a K+r ^o +r Ln^ e m a n a g e r
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1 Complete the dialogues using the words in the box, a)deposit b) in the black c) s;';inG d) statement e)savings f) lend g) borrowed h)interest i)inthe red j) withdrawing k)current
Example:Smokingis horrible- | reallyfeel likeqLvLwq vta ( g i v eu p ) 1 I drinkcoffeeeveryday and it's probablyvery ! (addict) 2 You need a lot of _ to breaka habitof a l i f e t i m e(. d e t e r m i n e ) 3 H a v ey o u t h o u g h ta b o u t_ o n r e d m e a t ?( c u t down) 4 Y o un e e dl o t so f w i l l p o w e _ r c h o c o l a t e(.g i v e up) 5 lVy sistercut down on _ becauseshe was s p e n d i n gt o o m u c h ( s h o p ) 6 She's o n h e r m o b i l ep h o n e ;s h e t a k e si t e v e r y w h e r e(.d e p e n d )
I'm savLwq all my moneyfor my r e t i r e m e n tl ' v e n e v e r ' any moneyfrom my f r i e n d so r m y b a n k .I t h i n ki f y o u c a n ' tp a yf o r s o m e t h i n gy o u s h o u l d n 'bt u y i t . M y b a n ka c c o u n t isnever' .l t m o n e yi n t o m y o everymonth -account becauseyou know it's safethere a n d t h e b a n kp a y sm e u , about60/0a year lI a l la d d su p o v e rt i m e y o u k n o w ,
* ri: ril*:;: t: f,rji#s'Js 2 Complete the sentences using the correct form of used to. Example:I vtsed,to live in Spainwhen I was a child. 'l (you)go to bed when you weTe What time five? 2 |h a t eo l i v e s b , u t n o w I q u l t el i k et h e m . ( y o u )l i k ed o i n gw h e n y o u w e r e a 3 What teenager? ( n o t )g o o u t m u c h ,b u t n o w h e ' sn e v e ra t 4 H e- homel ( y o u )h a v es h o r th a i r ? 5 6 We havea piano,but we sold it.
I t h i n ky o u s h o u l de n j o yl i f ea n d s p e n dy o u r m o n e yw h i l ey o u c a n .l ' m a l w a y su _ m o n e yf r o m m y ' _ account- | neverknow how m u c h m o n e yl ' v e g o t u n t i lt h e b a n ks e n d sm e a t l ' m a l w a v sa s k i n gp e o p l et o o m e m o n e yt o g e t b a c k1 0 l t d o e s nt worry me,though- it's only money
3 Write sentencesabout Gordon using used to.
.. r,':-l-.; :': ve :"i:s.!.,=riih it+* + *i* *is Example:studentI job 4ordow v+sedto be a stwdewt but wow he's aot a iob. 1 l i v ew i t h p a r e n t s/ m a r r i e d 2 no children / a daughter 3 h a v es k a t e b o a r/da c a r 4 playthe guitar/ playgolf 5 not wear glasses/ wear glasses
2 Put the words in the correct order and add any necessarypunctuation. E x a m p l el:e n t b a n k t h e m e m o n e y t h e lnte bawk Lewt vwethe nttoweg. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
the us they news told l n d o n e s i am e p r e s e n t b r o u g h t a f r o m h e you to please show me could it v o c a b u l a r yt a u g h t t e a c h e r s o m e m y u s ask can help for you me always curry order a please me chicken lost she I was so a map me drew me send a to don't postcard foroet
& For m o re exe rc is es, go 16 i:g1.1r4;" !s i: # {_! elij *:l*-i-! i}. i:i: rj*-l
93
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1 Rewritethe sentencesso they have the same meaning.Use the words in brackets and make any necessarychanges. Station.(get) Example:We left the trainat Paddington We got offthetraLw atPaddlwgtow StatLow.
1 Oompletethe crossword.
1 T h e s h o w w a s v e r y l o n g- i t l a s t e df o u r h o u r s .( g o ) 2 My car stoppedworkingtwice lastweek (break) Q fI -rlva, lr iv rq 'yl e r i t a V a n v
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nnight? C o u l dy o u g i v em e t e m p o r a r ya c c o m m o d a t i ot o (put) We beganour journeyearlyso the trafficwasn't very busv.(set) T h e r ew e r e n o m o r et r a i n st h a t n i g h ts o I c o n t i n u e db y b u s .( c a r r y ) 2 Put the parts of the story in the correct order' O r d e r1:f l
2
3_
4
5_
6-
I
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a) down. We waitedwhile the drivertried to fix it. This went b) us up for the nightand we went home the next day. c) on drivlngfor aboutthree hours.We were hungryby then so we got d) on for aboutsix hours He couldn'tdo it but luckily,a localfarmerout e) off the bus and had a picnicby the road After lunch,
#f "##t: \f*nahul*ry H:usms 2 Complete the sentencesusing the words in the box' back know iirarried over with Example:When my sistergot vwarrled,she wore white.
f{Jrfuturm Gr*rnmnr: irr#s*fit nimp{m#ili$ fl#iltlnL}*{Js
1 Vly dog died lastyear and I stillfeel sad. I haven'tgot l1vet. _ 2 My boyfriendand I haveseparated,but I still love him together. and want to get . e g e t o n r e a l l yw e l l 3 C h o ii s m y b e s tf r i e n d W eacnother. 4 A t f i r s t h e s e e m su n f r i e n d l yb,u t h e ' sr e a l l yn i c ew h e n yougetto htm.
3 Complete the dialogue using the present simple or present continuous.
3 Rewritethe sentencesusing expressionswith get to replace the underlinedwords.
(finish)at 4.00 on Friday! Martina: My examsfur,r,Lsh ( y o u/ d o )a n y t h i n gn i c et h i s Sophia: ' weekend? (meet)some friendson Friday Martina: Yes,| 2 e v e n i n gD . oyouwant to come? ( s t a y i)n . S o p h i a : O h , n o t h a n k s- | ' M a r t i n a :A r e V o us u r e ? ( f i n i s hw ) o r k a t 5 , 3 0a n d I S o p h i a : Y e s .I o u (go)straighthome ( y o u/ d o ) a n y t h i n go n S a t u r d a y ? M a r t i n a :u (go)on a trip to Oxford The Sophia: Yes- | ' (leave)at 8 00. coach8 Martina: That'searly. (go)to bed early Sophia: Yes,that'swhy I e lnof r rn) at on Friday,becauseI ro 6 . 3 0o n S a t u r d a m y orningl
Example:My parentsbecamehusbandand wife 30 years ago. My Tarewts got vwarrLedso Ueavs a1o.
WE SCI
f) lt rvasa longjcurneyso we stfirted g ) o f f a g a i na t a b o u t2 . 0 0p . m . S u d d e n l yt h , e busbroke h ) o f f e a r l yf r o m o u r h o t e l .A t 1 0 . 0 0a . m . ,w e s t o p p e df o r a d r i n ka n dt h e nw e c a r r i e d
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1 They had a big partywhen they agreedto get married. with both my sisters. 2 | havea friendlvrelationshio 3 S h e b e c a m es a d a n d a n g r yw h e n s h e f a i l e dh e r e x a m for two monthsbut now we've We livedseparately b e c o m ep a r t n e r sa g a i n . W e w e n t o n h o l i d a ya n d h a da n o p p o r t u n i ttyo f i n d o u t abouteachother.
5 For more exercises, go to vqrurrtq'"!m*Giln##-t*-6J#"#*rfll
15 Lessis nrore
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1 Complete the text using the words in the box. a ) s a v ey o u r e n e r g y b ) u s i n gy o u rt i m e c ) u s e t h e o p p o r t u n i t i e sd ) w a s t i n gt i m e e) waste of energy f) spendsame time g) saveyou time
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Many people are suffering from the 21st century epidemic - Hurry sickness.
Suffererstry to fit everythingintaeveryday.They never s e e mt o s t o p p a n i c k i n gS. o r e m e m b e r : . lt's importantthat you suewdsovwetLrweplanning your day. . Tryto understandthat takingbreaksis 1 tttr weil. ri . Takingthe stairsinsteadof the lift o Gettingangryin a trafficjam is a t _ o or get you there faster. il . lt doesn't g e t D o n ' t i m p a t i e n t w a i t i n gf o r e - m a i l st o d o w n l o a d , i! 'to worry aboutthe more important l,t ,! t h i n g si n l i f e . il ,.t ,\
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e t k i n s o na, p s y c h o l o g i s tp e c i a l i s i ni n g ,',,,P D r J a c q u e l i nA time management at the University of Glasgow, says i:J .\,, that new technologymakesit harderfor peopleto ,t" controltheir livesand still havea good qualityof life. ,,tb Youshouldu _ that technologyprovides,out d o n ' tt h i n kt h a t i t w i l l s o l v ea l lv o u rp r o b l e m s .
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2 Correct the mistakes in the following sentences.
2 Gompletethe sentencesusing a relative pronoun (if necessary) from the box.
Example:Youshould+.e-go away for the weekend s o m e t i m e sX. 1 2 3 4 5 6
when where which who whose that
You no shouldworry aboutbeinglate all the time. Perhapsyou couldtryingwalkingto work. | t h i n ky o u o u g h tt o t a k i n gm o r eb r e a k s . P e r h a p ys o u d o n ' to u g h tt o u s et h e c a rs o m u c h . Perhapscouldyou planyour day better. Y o us h o u l dt o n o t e a ty o u r l u n c ha t y o u rd e s k
Example:lt's the restaurant wherewe first kissed. I met at a partv. y o u a s k e dm e t o
3 Give advice for someone who's feeling ill using the words in brackets.
1 She'ssomeone 2 | r e m e m b e trh e t i m e dance. 3 l ' m t h e o n e_ 4 He's someone 5 Y o u ' r et h e o n e 6 lt's our love
E x a m p l eT: a k ea n a s p i r i n(.c o u l d ) PerhaTs govc couLd talce aw asTLrLw.
3 Combine two sentencesto make one. Add a relative pronoun (if necessary)and make any other changes.
1 Go to the doctor.(should)
Example:She'sgot a car.lt goes at more than 220 km an hour. She's got a oay that goes at vworethaw 2zo k-ywaw hour.
2 D o n ' tg o t o w o r k . ( o u g h tt o ) 3 S t a yi n b e d .( c o u l d ) 4 D o n ' tg e t c o l d .( s h o u l d )
1 2 3 4 5
w i l l m a k ey o u h a p p y . heartis very open. I want. keepsus together.
W h a t ' st h e n a m eo f t h a t c o u p l e ?T h e yh a v es i x c h i l d r e n . Put it in the office.Robertworks there. W h e r e ' st h a t p a r c e l ?l t w a s d e l i v e r e tdh i s m o r n i n g . T h e r e ' sa f i l m o n t o n i g h t Y . o um i g h tl i k ei t . T h i si s t h e p l a n e .l t c a r r i e so v e r4 5 0 p e o p l e .
b For more exercises,go to wT.$JW.$nngumge-t*-go.*or"n 95
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1a)Put the lettersin the correctorderthen matcheach nounwith the correctpicture.
1 Correct the mistakes in the sentences.Be careful not all the sentencesare wrong!
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| c a n ' th e a rt h e T V .C o u l dv o u t u r n u o i t ? M o b i l ep h o n e ss h o u l dn o t b e s w i t c h e do n o n a i r c r a f t . lf you turn off the radio,I can listento the news. C o m p u t e r so n l yw o r k i f y o u s w i t c ht h e m u p . T u r ni t u p ! T h i si s t h e b e s ts o n go n t h e a l b u m . W h e n y o u g o t o b e d ,b e s u r et o t u r n a l lt h e l i g h t so n . We switch the heatingoff at the start of winter. l f t h e a i r c o n d i t i o n i nigs t o o c o l d ,t h e n t u r n o f f i t .
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Example: happlweSSlil 2 Write the words in the correct order. E x a m o l ev:o u b i t t h e w i n d o w c l o s e c o u l d a CowLduow oLosethewLwdow a bLtz 1 mind tomorrow early you coming would ? 2 up you a speak can bit ? 3 again say could that you ? 4 | mind if you now go do ? 5 time me could tell the you ? 6 u
b)Write the adjective which goes with each Example:haplr,."ess - halpu
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mind you helping homework would with me mv ? 3 Rewrite the requests to make them more polite.
Gls*':ir":i:"r: S'"*$*Frtp*$**t sinrpl* with ;'e;. *,rrce#j,l .t*sf 2 Use the prompts to write complete sentences, a) | / iust ldo I ill've iwst dowe Lt. b) No / she / move/ yet c ) N o t h a n k s .| / a l r e a d /y e a t d ) I / n o t / k n o w .I I n o rI r e a d/ i t / y e t e) No / | / see / it / recently f ) Y e s/ t h e y/ d e c i d e/ m a k e/ t h e c h a r g e s 3 Match the answers in Exercise2 with the questions below. Example::- a 1 2 3 4 5 6
96
C a ny o u d o t h e i r o n i n gf o r m e ? a ls that a good book?_ W o u l dy o u l i k et o s t a yf o r d i n n e r ? Havethey reacheda decisionyet? _ Haveyou seen the cat aroundhereanywhere? H a sJ u l i am o v e dh o u s e ?
E x a m o l eO : o e nt h e d o o r t WovtLdgow vwlwd ryewlwgthe door? 1 M o v ey o u r c a r ! Could 2 D o n ' ti n t e r r u pm t e again! Doyou mind 3 | n e e dt o g o i n t ot o w n . S o g i v em e a l i f t ! u o t l
4 D o n ' ts m o k ei n h e r e l Doyou mind Y o u ' r em a k i n gt o o m u c h n o i s e l P l e a s ec o u l d W a i tf o r m e ! W o u l dy o u m i n d
b For more exercises, go to rr*vq,l'l"y"F*iT#rs,;***-t*-#i-",-.;l*r*
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1a) Find five adjectives in the wordsquare.The first has been done for you.
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2 Underlinethe correct form of the verbs. E x a m p l el:' v e d e c i d e dt o d o / d o i n g a c o m p u t e rc o u r s e .
1 U n h a p p yb e c a u s eo f b e i n ga l o n eo r w i t h o u tf r i e n d s 2 S e p a r a t efdr o m o t h e r s . 3 A n u n c o m f o r t a b fl e e l i n ga b o u ta s p e c i f i ce x p e r i e n c e ( e . 9 .a n e x a m ) 4 A n u n c o m f o r t a b fl e e l i n ga b o u ta g e n e r aild e a (eg flying). {i t"rrllri};t r: $fit;+fi* u*::ri!:!{!tr;} i 2 Complete the dialogue with the correct form of the verbs. Arek: How wovtLdgovt feeL(you/ feel) if you ( g e t )s t u c ki n a l i f t ? D a v e :l f t h e d o o r s, _ ( n o to p e n ) ,| 3 ( n o tp a n i c )| o ( t r y )a n d s t a yc a l m .l f | 5 _ _(have)a phonewith me, I u ( p h o n ef)o r h e l p W h a t 7 _ _( Y o u/ d o ) 2 A r e k : O h , I r e a l l yh a t es m a l ls p a c e s I. B _ (not b e )c a l ma t a l l l f I r e a i l ye ( b e )s t u c k , I t h i n k| ' o _ (scream) 3 Write sentencesusing the second conditional.Begin with the words in the brackets. E x a m p l eI: h a v e n ' g t o t h i s a d d r e s sI w a n t t o s e n dh i m a n e-marl.(|f..) If I had hLs address, I,d sewd hLwvaw e-rwalL. 1 H e h a s n ' tg o t t i m e . H e w a n t st o f i n i s ht h e r e p o r . i : o d a y ( l f. . ) 2 I w a n t t o b u y a h o r s e I l i v ei n a c i t y ( l ) 3 I d o n ' ts t u d yv e r y h a r d .I a l w a y sf a i l m y e x a m s ( l f . ) 4 l ' m n o t v e r y r i c h I d o n ' t k n o w t h e w i n n i n gl o t t e r y n u m b e r s( l . ) 5 | d o n ' t h a v ea y a c h t .I c a n ' tg o s a i l i n ga t w e e k e n d s
( l f .. 1 6 | wantto d o t h i n g sd i f f e r e n t l yI .c a n ' tl i v em y I i f eo v e r . )
Example:I can't eat this soup - my furk is dirty.X sVoow 1 M y f a t h e ri s a c o o k e ri n a r e s t a u r a n t " 2 l t w i l l b e a t h r e e - p l a tdei n n e r s: o u p ,m e a ta n d d e s s e r t . 3 W h a t t i m e d o y o u h a v ey o u rb i g g e s tm e n uo f t h e d a y ? 4 iVy sisteris a vegan,so she eats a lot of eggs. 5 Y o us h o u l da l w a y sk e e pi c e c r e a mi n t h e f r o z e n . 6 i u s e dt o b e a v e g e t a b l eb, u t n o w I e a t m e a ta n df i s h 7 P u tt h e c a r r o t si n w a t e ra n df r y t h e m f o r t e n m t n u t e s . i"li.**llntl, {,/ll:'iii-tilf;r:i-iti.i{:i;ii:iriit'."riril.it .ij:$;rrri::f!l;jiliirt;;
b) Match the words with the definitions below. E x a m p l eF: u l lo f f e a r ,v e r yf r i g h t e n e d=. s o a r e d
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1 Correct the mistakes in the following sentences.
1 2 3 4 5
He usuallyavoidsfo eat / eating anymeatproducts. | can'Iafford fo buy / buying new clotheseverymonth. Tom is goingto give up smoking / to smoke. She managedto pass/ passing all her exams. Youwaste so much time fo ptay / ptaying computer games 6 They'replanningto have / having a surprisepartyfor Megan. 7 | offered to clear up / clearing up afler dinner. 8 He keeps on to interrupt / interrupting me. 3 Complete the text with the correct form of the verb in brackets.
Trythesethreefabulousideasfrom ournewheautyeditor,SarahFoster, You'lllookgoodif youdecide to do (do)moreexercise Don,t s p e ntdi m e ' . - - ( t a l ka)b o ui t J o i na g y ma n dm a k e y o um a n a g e ' sure ( g ot)h e r e regularly
Think ofthemoney you'llsaveif yougiveup3--just Don't keepono_ ismoke) you,re going ro Isay) grveup,butreally doit.lt'seasier if youavoid5 (go)to places whereotherpeople smoke
. GooutmoreYouprobably wastea lotoftime6 7 TV Plan_ (meet) {watch) friends afterworkGo B somewhere youenjoyYoucanafford (be)nrce _to yourself Wecan'tpromise miracles butweoffers--yourlifemorefunl
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1 Put the letters in the correct order. Then match the words to the correct definition.
d r a c b ) o p s s p a rttr o c o n l a)driangbo c.trrrrtderfe noshs d) kechc-nikesd e) tilr,:i:i.vr*l f ) n h a dg g a l u e g g ) p e t d e a u rgr o u l e n h ) h t i f l gm o f i n r a t n onie c r e s s v /
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1 Form the correct adjectivefrom the noun in brackets. Example:Afavwowsfilm star moved into my village. FAME
Example t e: - c a b L w c r e w 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
T h e p e o p l ew h o l o o ka f t e ry o u o n a n a i r p l a n e W h e r ey o u w a i t t o g e t o n t h e p l a n e Where you go to say you'vearrived. You can't get on the planewithout one W h e r ey o u b u y c h e a p ear l c o h oal n dc i g a r e t t e s W h e r ey o u s e e w h a t t i m e y o u r p l a n eg o e s Where they checkyour passport The bagsyou carryonto the plane.
( z r I rntnKsnets__=_=-
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l*il*;trii:ei: gnEt"#f;Ii*{:l ir;*:r:iLi 2 Underlinethe correct form of the verbs. '--Example:When she finishedI had finishedlhree a realrY F R o n t r dt eN i r o ' s '-t-=sandwiches,she lelll had feltbeller 'd arrived, the concert already started 1 When I arrived I i] r"t t':.:: ;-r:; t : ll:i.r';;l!:i i.ril: il {,:ii il .li :^i .r: :t-rii ii had already started I 2 We wanted I had wanted some lunch,but the 2 Complete the texts with the correct form of the verb restaurantdidn't open I hadn't opened in brackets. Be careful - not all the verbs are in the 'd forgotten my keys, when I 3 | realisedlhal I forgot I passrve, pushed I 'd pushed the door. 'd wanted to buy the jeansthat I saw I 4 | wantedI 'd seen the day before. 'd realisedthatwe 5 When Petercame in, he realisedI 'd organised a surpriseparty. organised I called byan American The ice lolly was oreated (create) a lemonade salesman He was Frank Epperson. order. in the correct Put these events 3 He byaccident! andhediscovered icelollies I t (leave) with a glassof lemonade cold hishouse on a freezing a spoonin it outside ' (find)the night.WhenEpperson glassin themorning, hetriedto takethespoon 3 (freeze) out,Butthelemonade d u r i n tgh en i g h a t n di t c a m eo u to f t h eg l a s os n
Great Inventions
a ) | w a s l a t ef o r t h e m e e t i n g t h a t I h a d m i s s e da b u s b) | realised c) after I had waitedforty mlnutesfor the nexl o n e 7d) when I arrivedat the bus stop
a ) t h e t r a i nw a s n ' tt h e r e b) when I lookedat my ticket c ) | s a w t h a t t h e t r a i nh a dl e f t a t 8 . 4 5 d) when I arrivedat the stationat 9 45
u (invent) the spoon.Sothe firsf ice lolly (sell)to a food processing The ideat 'popsicles' 6 (know)as company. lce lollies
in theUSA. theVespa, scooier, successful Vespas Thefirstcommercially ' ( m a d ei n ) 1 9 4 6b yt h el t a l i a n company Piaggiolt wasa newkindof personal transport vehicle: a two-wheeled Theframewasopen,thetwosmall w h e e lcso u l de a s i l8ycould (remove) anda passenger o (carry) on theback TheVespawas practicaland e c o n o m i ca n l d m i l l i o n os f p e o p l e 'o (buy)them.Todayit (see)as the bestof " cityfashion
96 F, cr r m ore exercises, go to,+:s,.+-i +== :,:-:r=: ::'.:.{=:-4.:..:::. ::=.:.-.
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1 Write the letters in the correct order and match them with the pictures.
1 Complete the puzzle and find the mystery word. 1 lf someoneisn't there when I phone;I alwaysleavea vwessaae.0l Z peas"ion;t u p - | j u s t w a n t t o a s ky o u a question.(4) 3 H i ,_ r _ , - . i s J u l i aW i l l i a m ss p e a k i n g(.4 ) the phonefor me? (6) ,4 ,Oh,couldyou
a) besatodark b) gajwiszuzepl c) drobamega d) radsc e) losdl f) petcromumage
D D
ffir*:n'lns*r: ilr*#ft1\,.sflis 't* ti*iiq*i:e *l fr;fru1.* Ffmhifihiiify 2 Correct the mistakes in the following sentences. Example:He may not togroto the partyon SaturdayX ga 1 | d o n ' t m i g h tt a k et h e e x a mt h i sv e a r 2 l ' m s u r ey o u m i g h tl i k et h e n e w j o b . 3 | doubt if he arriveslate. 4 H e d o n ' tt h i n ki t ' l lr a i nt o m o r r o w . 5 We won't to go without you. 6 l ' l l e x p e c tl ' l l g o b y t r a i n .
# ia ruri-n n l: ;: h l* * i: i yqrtfuf; ;t h ryt-jt ir }* p ii l. r:i n ;. 2 Write the words in the correct order. E x a m p l eE: p e a k i n hg e l l oJ u l i oi t ' s FleLLo,Lt's JwLLospeaklwg 1 A: it's can speak Ana hi to I Rita B: not moment at she's l'm here afraid the
3 Rewritethe sentencesso they have the same meanings.Use the modal verb in brackets and make any necessarychanges.
2 A: message a leave please can I B: course of Yes
E x a m p l el:t ' s p o s s i b l et h a t p e o p l ew i l l u s e p h o n e st e s sa n d e - m a im l o r e .( m i g h t ) PeopLerwLght vtsephowes Lessawd e-vwaLLvwore.
3 A: manager speak l'd to to the hello please like B: here speaking if hold see l'll he's who's
1 2 3 4
4 A: Jun Fuji his returningit's I'm call B : t h r o u g h a n d n o w p u t l ' l l you try
5 6 7 8
| d o n ' t k n o w l f J o h nw i l l b e l a t er o d a y (. m i g h t ) l ' m s u r e I w a n t t o b e a s c i e n t i sot r a d o c t o r (. w i l l ) H e h a s n ' td e c i d e di f h e ' sg o i n gs k i i n gt h i sy e a r .( m i g h t ) l t ' s i m p o s s i b lteh a t m y b o s sw i l l c a n c etl h e m e e t i n g . (will) l t ' g p o s s i b l et h a t A n n ew i l l b e a b l et o h e l py o u . ( m a y ) I haven'd t e c i d e di f l ' l l g o o n s t u d y i n gE n g l i s h(.m i g h t ) He's not surewhetherto phonethe doctortoday.(may) There'sa possibilitythat the job startson Mondav. (could)
5 A : t h e t h e b u s y m o m e n t a t l i n e ' s I ' m a fr a i d B: call in later that l'll back him case
p For more exercises, go to tvr,'r.rll.FEnilj.J*f{*}"1{i-fi*.*L.:= 99
25 Do the rightthing
?6 SiNanda halfhours
Vocabulary: makeandds
with fime \i*e*hulary: eHpre$$isns
1 Gomplete the text using make or do.
1 Correct the mistakes in the following sentences. E x a m p l eS: o r r yl ' m l a t e- t h e j o u r n e yt o o k a l o n gs f t i m e today X 1 | hate beinglate,so I make surethat my journeysare c a r e f u l l tyi m i n g . 2 had reallygood time at the office party. ? thinkthat sittingin a trafficjam is a waste off time. 4 love havingtime out, when I don't haveto go to work. 5 By time I get home from work, l'm exhausted. 6 I alwavsarrivefor work on the time.
ideas firnmmar: waystfi expresscontrasting 2 Compfete the sentences using although, however, in spite of, despite or despite not. Example:He felt 1ll.ftowever, he went to work.
*ndeb$ig*tinn m*da{w*rhsfnr nee*ssitg {3neseq"fisr: 2 Match the situations with the correct sentence. 1 2 3 4 5 6
Drivinga car You'vebeen arrested ln an exam In a job interview A friendtells you a secret Ina librarv
T
a) You must rememberto ask some questions b) You haveto speakquietly. c) You mustn'ttell anyone. d) You don't haveto say anything. e) You shouldreadthe questionscarefully. f) You must wear a seat belt 3 Rewritethe sentencesso they have the same meanings.Start with the word(s) given. Example:lt's New Yearand I feel it's necessaryfor me to m a K es o m ec n a n q e s . It's New Yearand I rwust wvakesovweohawges.
f e e l i n gi l l . 1 Hewent to work, 2 it rainedeveryday,we enjoyedour holiday. 3 f e e l i n gh u n g r ys, h e a t e a n e n o r m o u sm e a l 4 lhe coatwas exl:ensive,it was worth it. it didn't make 5 The film was a criticalsuccess. any money. 6 b e i n gl o n e l ys, h e n e v e rf e l t s a d . a l l t h e s t u d y i n gh e d i d . 7 H e f a i l e dt h e e x a m , 3 You have some problems with one of your employees.Write sentencestelling him / her about the problems. Use the words in brackets. Example:Work startsat 8.00.Youare often late. (although) ALthough work stavts at g.oo, Uow are oftew Late. 1 The morningbreakis fifteenminutes.Youtake twenty. (however)
-* Younevercomebackon time. Lunchfinishes at 12.30. (although) T h i si s a n o n - s m o k i nogf f i c e .Y o us m o k ea l lt h e t i m e . (in spite of) Thereare three weeks paidholiday.Youtake extratime off. (however)
1 lt's not necessaryfor me to get up earlyon Saturday. 2 lt's a good ideato try to rememberfriends'birthdays.
Employeescannotmake personalphonecalls You make a l o t .( a l t h o u g h )
You 3 lt'sprohibitedto copy other students'answersin exams. We
Work doesn'tfinish until 5 30. Youalwaysleaveearly. (despitenot)
4 lt's not necessaryto pay for librarybooks- they'refree
You 5 My teachersaysthat it's necessaryfor me to do more nomeworK. My teachersaysthat I It'sforbiddento drinkanddrive.
You
100
b For more exercises,go to www'lsnffLlase't$'S*"**ers
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27 Anhievenrent
?S Longwalktn freedeim
Ve:cn[:uint"'."1: a* hi*rr*lil* nt'r:* l:eipr*j cci.s 1 Complete the crossword. All the answers are nouns.
'i"1,'n F:r.r n q:il* lrI prr*; hi !:rl.{r:i-1, ir fi si.
4ci'oss '1 d r f f i c u l ttyh a t n e e d sa t t e n t i o n( 7 ) 6 d o c u m e n tm , a d eb y a n o f f l c j apl e r s o l rw , h i c hs a y st h a t t h e f a c t sa r et r u e ( 11) 7 s o m e t h i n gg i v e nf o r s u c c e s si n a c o m p e t i t i oonr r a c e( 5 ) 8 s p o k e no r w r i t t e nt e s t o f k n o w l e d g e( 1 j )
t .," .,i-: rs"
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Down 1 p i e c eo f w o r k i h a t n e e d sc a r e f upi l a n n i n E o v e ra p e r i o d o f t i m e( / ) 2 s t r o n gd e s i r ef o r s u c c e s s( 8 ) 3 s p e c i aal b i l i t yt o d o s o m e t h i n gw e l l ( b ) 4 i m p o r [ a njto b i n a h o s p j t a(i6 ) 5 p i e c eo f e q u i p m e nfto r a p a r t i c u l apru r p o s e( 6 )
1 Put the words in the right order, then match the sentenceswith the signs. '
I
. :
,
'
. :
l . : t+;;-*""'*i**".'.,,.,"...,.,.4i+l--*'+*-,1-",--.''.;,'-i'.---'.,..,";r"r;".,.,,,"t-;"*"**,*r--,;..,,,.1;,,r.-r,,".
2 Write the letters of the verbs in the correct order. Then match them with the nouns from Exercise1. Example:to (kowr)y@rk on a 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
to (heaviec) to (crievee) to (nwi) to (vesrie) to (narit) to (pedlove) to (vennit) to (lesov)
Troject
E x a m p l eb: y e v e r y o n eT h e yl e a v em i d n i q h m t ade theg vwadeeveyuoweLeavebg rwLd.ight. - SLgw A 1 2 3 4 5
a n y b o d yT h e y b a r l e t g a m b l e i n d i d n , : : r r e had People to off drrty their boo:s ra
2 C o m p l e t et h e d i a l o g u eb e t w e e nJ o a n a a n d S u z i e u s i n gt h e p r o m p t s .
for to be
f f i r n m n l i l lF" r: s s E n tp e r f e c i s r n D t ae t : c t r l ; n : r c ; s 3 Gomplete the sentences using the correct form of the present perfect. Example:l'vepLawted (plant)two nev,rrreesin rny qarden. 1 They (play)tennisall afternoon (youreach)levelthree on that new 2 c o m p u t e rg a m e ? 3 My mother ( c o o k a) l l m o r n i n q . 4 L o o k ,s h e _ ( m a k ea ) l lt h e s ec i k e s . 5 I =_(try)to fix my car but it stilldoesn.twork 6 | feel reallyfit because| _ (go)to the gym t h r e et i m e sa w e e k . 7 Y o ul o o ke x h a u s t e d l ( v o ur u n ) ?
J : \ i \ . r i aat : ' g ^ : - a r e r . g n i l S : ' t ' ' , , ^j ' i,' , , . a :- a c c e r e d ? -: '.'nie . ' ' - s : ' : i e y s a i dI h a dt o o m u c h l u g g a g eT h e y d.idw't W wte take ilet / 16ks;my thieeiuitcases on to : n e c : a n ew t t h o u tp a y i n g S: Ho',rrmuch i (have/ pay)? . . JA: c t u a l l yt ,h e m a n w a s q u i t ek i n d .H e , _ (mare / p a y )f o r a l l o f i t . I n t h e e n d , I o n l y3 ( h a v e/ pay)for one extrasuitcase. S : O h , w e l l .T h a t ' sn o t s o b a d J : N o , b u t I w a n t e dt o b r i n gm y d o g .B u t I a ( a l l o w /b r i n g )h i m b e c a u s eh e d i d n , th a v ea p a s s p o r t ^ ? o ry o u rd o g ? S :A p a s s p o r t F J: Yes,they u _(make/ leave)him at tne alrport S : Y o ud i d n ' tl e a v eh i m t h e r e .d i d v o u ? J : N o ,t h e y u - ( l e t/ p 6 s 1 1 "m 1 y f r i e n da n o s n e c a m ea n d t o o k h i m h o m e . S : O h , t h a t ' sg o o d .S o ,e v e r y t h i n w g as OKin the end J : W e l l ,y e s . E x c e p t h e p l a n ew a s t h r e eh o u r sl a r e r S : O h , p o o ry o u ! W h a t a n a w f u lt r i p l
b For more exercises,go to r,Aru$w.[#eru6Nm,q*-fn-#*.d"j*rn 101
r;
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1 Tick (/) the two correct endings for each verb.
1 Complete the sentenceswith words from the two boxes.
E x a m p l eI: m a d e . . .
a ) c o n t a c td . Pl a lot of moneY EI c ) b u s i n e s sE.
. 1 H e o f f e r e dm e . . . a ) t o g o t o d i n n e rE b) a bribe tr n v \/ sa n v vr vr n n {
nnffoo
fl
. . . a ) t e l e p h o n en u m b e r s I 2 We exchanged b) my e-mailaddressE c) businesscards.E a ) t h e s u i t c a s eE. 3 H e a r r a n g e .d. . b ) t h e w e d d i n g .I c ) a m e e t i n g I. 4 They negotiated a ) a g o o dd e a l I b ) a c h e a pp r i c e .E ^\ ^^ ^^^^:^+*^^+ u,f dll dppwlllLl llvllt.
5ldid
6 S h ew e n t o n
l=-.l L
a ) a g o o di m p r e s s i o nI . b ) b u s i n e s sw i t h h i m . t r c) my best I a ) a b u s i n e s tsr i p .I b)a meetingE c ) f o r a n h o u r .I
fllrs'lnni*$***nd enn*iili*lisl* ilr*r:':,m*t:
Nouns
Adjectives bright heavy qtr\/erc severe iliick
claud heavy light sunshine strnnn showers stronq II shornrers thick I thunderstorm 9
!
|
v
|
|
Y
|
"
'
'
"
'
'
snow rain wind fog
-fhLoPcLowdon the coastmeansvisibilityis less Example: t h a n1 0 0m e t r e s . 1 Therehas been d a n g e rl e v e l 2 Youcan expecta few n aad | , v v v
and some riversare at lateron, so you may
ry rv nu rl r r r r m h r o l l r
Today'sfootballis cancelledThey can't see the ball becauseof the _ It's goingto be a beautifulweekendwith plentyof , s o d o n ' tf o r g e ty o u rs u n c r e a m . T h e r eh a s b e e na n a c c i d e not n t h e h i g h w a yA t r u c kh a s been blown over by the Skiershavebeen enjoyingyesterday'sfallsof 7 Two carswere destroyedby lightningln last night's
2 Match the first and second parts of the sentences. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
l f t h e c o m p a n yw e n t o n - l i n e , d lf I win the race, lf I was the new boss Youwon't be late H e ' l lb e s i c k lf you vote for me, H e ' db e s i c k
of rrn arrlrr sr \/ i, f, ryr vn rv r n YvL uy vu, 'I.
b ) l f h e k n e ww e w e r e l n H a w a i i . c ) i f y o u g i v eh i m a n o t h e cr h o c o l a t e . d ) i t ' d h e l ps a l e s . a l lo u r s a l a r i e s . e) l'd increase f ) l ' l l p r o m i s et o h e l pt h e p o o r . 9 ) l ' l l b e t h e s c h o o cl h a m p i o n .
n'lra m rfrilit: r# p ilrtt# d *qt*lt*tE* *t$ 2 Rewrite the following sentencesin direct speech. E x a m p l eS: h e s a i di t h a da l l b e e na m i s t a k e . 'lt was aLLa rwLstake.' 1 H e t o l d m e t h a t h e w o u l d i n v i t em e t o h i s p a r t y . I
2 S h et o l d m e s h e d i d n ' tc a r ew h a t I h a dd o n e . l
r
3 l t o l d h e r I ' d s t a y e dw i t h S a n d r at h e n i g h tb e f o r e ,I
4 T h e yt o l d m e t h e y c o u l d n ' ct o m e t o t h e m e e t i n gt h e next day. ,WC
3 Write first or second conditional sentencesabout the situations. E x a m p l el:t ' s l i k e l yt h a t t h e m e e t i n gw i l l f i n i s hl a t e . I wantto geta taxi (lf ...) If the vweetLwgfvwLshes Late, I'LL get a taxl. 1 l'll probablyget a pay rise next week. I want to buy a n e w T V .( l f . . . ) I t ' sv e r y u n l i k e l tyh a t h e ' l lf a i l h i s e x a m H e w a n t st o t a k e i t a g a i n (. l f . ) 3 I w a n t t o g o t o t h e p a r t yb u t I f e e l r e a l l ys i c k .( l . . . ) 4 l'm sure that it'll raintomorrow.I don't want to walk to w o r ki n t h e r a i n ( l f . . . ) l u t h e d o e s n ' tk n o w h e r H e w a n t st o s e n dh e r a n e - m a i b e - m a ial d d r e s s( .H e . . , )
3 Rewrite the following sentencesin reported speech' 'l've Example: b e e ns t a y i n gi n L o n d o ns i n c ey e s t e r d a y ' H e s a i dh e ' d b e e ws t a u L w g L w L o w d o ws L w c e t h ed a g before. ' 'We're 1 very happywith the hotel room They said ' 'l'll b e g l a dw h e n i t ' s a l lf i n i s h e d S h et o l d m e 'You c a n s t a r tt h e r a c ew h e n I s a v " G o " . ' Hetoldus 'We're going leavetomorrow. to T h e ys a i d
102 b For more exercises,go to uvwvr.lmri#rl###-tt:-g#'{it:r!l
31
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i? el**n nirdt!rj',r
\dn*,t*;ije+i: ti:i'rg*.:,#{:} t"ijffLi
\Ji:*;,:i:ii1;lr*.h*r,l;i:+-:',0';ltit, .+liLii,-ii:;';i-iiii.rr**lt;
1 Write the letters in the correct order and complete the definitions.
1 Write the letters in the correct order. Example:Some studentsdon't llkehorwework (EKHROMOW).
a) bets-relsel b) zagameni c) wepssepran d) i*i:V e) volne f) stewbie 9) yetrop h) xett ookb
1 I d i dt h e _
(SHOUKROWE s o) t h a t t h e f l a t i s ( D Y I Tw ) h e n m y p a r e n t sc o m e f o r r u n c n . 2 After the partythe housewas so (SYEMS)jt t o o k h o u r st o c l e a ni t 3 T h e r e ' sa w a s h i n gm a c h i n ef o r t h e ( S I N G H A Wa)n da d i s h w a s h efro r t h e (ISDEHS). 4 Don't forgett o ( U M U C A Vt )h e c a r p e t sa n d ( S T U Dt)h e f u r n i t u r e .
Example:Yousee it at the theatre:p!4g 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Y o uc a n r e a da b o u tf a s h i o na n d f a m o u sp e o o l e : A l o n g ,w r i t t e ns t o r ya b o u ti n v e n t e dp e o p l e : l t i s o f t e nb e a u t i f ubl u t h a r dt o u n d e r s t a n d : T h e w r i t e ro f t h i s i s r i c hn o w : Languageto go is one of these: A p l a c et o f i n d i n f o r m a t i oonn t h e I n t e r n e t : M i l l i o n so f t h e s ea r e d e l i v e r e tdo h o m e se v e r vd a v :
iili:iliry,el":*iii.rl.-r s*i"l'rii:;-Jl,.J'i# i.i:ris::l'iii li+iili.llr;1, * iiii !.:t:;l 1.,1f
f,ii* *t r:i* l': !:.r ir:$1.il # | f s i: i i.,i.!i: Liil i1* i_! i 2 Complete the text about the financier George Soros using the verbs in the box.
2 Correct the mistakes in the following sentences. Be careful - not all the sentencesare wrong!
a ) c r e a t e d b ) h a db e e nl i v i n g c ) h a db e e ne a r n i n g d) made e) gave f) had beenworking g) lost h) rni:ir+# i) didn't use i) moved k) had George Soros was born in Budapest in 1930.Before he vwoved to London in 7947, Soros t in his native countrv. -Hungary, where his father was a lawyer. He later 2 another move to tfr" ffSe"-ffe t in the frnancial centre of London for a number of vears. before he '--to New york. In both cities, he speculated on the financial markets and"--hugewealth. In Wall Street, however, he u --failure as well as success.Up until 1998,his business, -billions _ $4,000a minutel But in 199g,he 8 of dollars on the currency markets. Sorosbecamea vely rich man but he n _ hi. money only for himself. He 10 ___ larqe amounts of moner-to many schoolsutr-d.oll"g". uro.rid the world.
E x a m p l el:' m n o t d o i n gt h e d i s h e s- d o i t y e u l X g o w r s e L f 1 | s h a v ee v e r ym o r n i n gb u t t o d a yI c u t m e . 2 S h ew a s h e dh e r s e l a f n dw e n t o u t f o r d i n n e r 3 They had a greattime. Yes,they reallyenjoyed. 4 N o n e e dt o d o a n y t h i n gT. h e l i g h t st u r n t h e m o f f a t midnight. 5 H e b o u g h th i m s e l fa b o o ko f A m e r i c a ns t o r i e s 6 D o y o u e v e rt a l kt o y o u ?
jl
3 Write the words in the correct order. t t:
At a dinner party: G = GuestH = Host G : T h e m e a li s d e l i c i o u s ( 1 )i t d i d h a v ey o u c e i i v e r e d7 H : ( 2 )i t m y s e l f I i o a c i u a i l yc o o k e d G : A n d I l o v e oi r e o a r t yi n v i t a t i o n sS.o f u n n y l ( 3 )t h d n : o c c j i d m a k e y o u ? H : 1 4 ,. r s 1 n r a d e h a d n o I G : S c c c m e o n e v e r y b o d yS. m i l ef o r t h e c a m e r a . . . i 5 ) p n o i o s t h e y o u r s e l fd e v e l o py o u d o ? i : v , e s I, d o , ln a hotel: G = GuestR = Receptionist G : C a n I o r d e ra n e w s p a p e r ?
3 C o m p l e t et h e s e n t e n c e s .U s e O N E p a s t s i m p l ev e r b and ONE past per.fectcontinuousverb in each sentence, 1 He _( l e a v eh) i s w i i e a - e - : . a \ , _ ( l i v e t)o g e t h e fr o r 3 5 y e a r s 2 S h e. - ( m i s s t) h e b u s b e c a u s es h e (look)the wrong way. ( h o p ef)o r n i c ew e a t h e rf o r t h e p i c n i c . We _Butit _(rain)l (stand)for most of the show beforewe We (find)two seats (expect)her friendfor agesbeforeshe She _f i n a l l y_ (arrive).
R: Certainly. (6) | sent room one to your shall have? G : ( 7 )g e t I N o m y s e l f c a n i t . I a l s on e e da w a k e - u pc a l li n t h e m o r n i n g R : T h e r ei s a c h o i c eh e r e (8)do yourself you it can or can I done rt have you for. G: Perhapsit's best if you do it.
l} For more exercises, go to ruv**lrr/.q1.ifln[f #r:rfi*-l{":-fiii.=-r:= 103
world 33 Tomorrow's
hCIrrors 34 Honeynrnon
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to do with change 1 Findtwelvewordsor expressions hiddenin the word chain.Thefirst has beendone
1 Complete the sentences using the correct form of the word in brackets. Example:When I was on holiday,I got loadsof mosquito bltes. (bite) (itch) 1 My foot feelsvery by a snakelastyear.(bite) 2 | was
* il {i i't'"$ft ;rt''s #{,*yr* # t,t n:*'l':rr: iil'f il iE: Hi {:h Liri"T 2 Match the clauses and use the correct form of the verbs in brackets. Exam ple : t-f T hoye h e wLLLhav e ft'wLshed TaLwtLwg that door bt4 towLght. 1 2 3 4 5 6
t hga t d o o r f I h o p eh e ( f i n i s h ) p a i n t i n B y J u n e1 4 t h , I haveonlv one more to read We (flV)for fourteenhoursnon-stop l t ' s t h e i rg o l d e nw e d d i n gt o m o r r o w , B y 8 . 3 0t o n i g h t ,
by a beel (sting) 3 O w ! l ' v e b e e n4 You needto see a doctor- your stomachis very . (swell) D o n ' tg e t s h a m p o oi n y o u re y e s- i t r e a l l y (sting) o n y o u ra r m ?( s w e l l ) 6 W h a t ' st h a t w h e n I u s e a c o m p u t e r(.a c h e ) l My back m i n e !( b i t e ) 8 H e l p !Y o u rd o g i s -
a ) b y t h e t i m e t h l s f l i g h tl a n d s . b) his train (reach)Rome. c) so they (be) marriedfor 50 years. d) we (live)herefor ten vears. e) and then | (read)all her books. f) by tonight. 3 Correct the mistakes in the following sentences. Be careful - not all the sentencesare wrong! Example:Will ye++nishe+thatjob by tonight?X go'.c have fvwLshed
ilinesm flhfii.lt Vmunh*Inry ffrphras*lv#rfu$ 2 Decide which sentencesare correct and which are incorrect. Rewritethe incorrect sentences. Example:He came out in red spots all over his back./OK
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W i t ty o uh a v ep a s s etdh ee x a mf o r n e x tJ u l y ?
1 H e s a w t h e b l o o da n d h e p a s s e do f f i m m e d i a t e l y 2 H e ' sg o n et o b e d- h e d o e s n ' tw a n t h i s h e a d a c h teo t u r n i n s o m e t h i n gw o r s e . 3 You need a day off work - you'recomingdown with f o o dp o i s o n i n g . 4 O h , w h a t a m e s s ! H e ' st h r o w no u t a l l o v e rt h e c a r p e t ! 5 l t t o o k h i m a l o n gt i m e t o g e t o v e rt h e f l u . 6 W h e n h e e a t sp e a n u t sh, i st o n g u es w e l l so u t . 7 l t w a s s o h o t l n t h e s t a d i u mt h a t 3 0 p e o p l ep a s s e do u t . . e t h i n k sh e ' sc o m i n go v e rw i t h 8 H e f e e l st e r r i b l eH something. 9 A fever sometimesmakesvou come up with a sweat.
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1 Find nine words to do with business.The first has been done for you. M P oR P o E D R U R A T M A A D P I
E x a m p l eP: e o p l ew h o b r e a kt h e l a w a r ea d a n q e tro sooLetr4. 1 H i s n e w j o b g i v e sh i m h i g h e r_ in the company 2 The youngeroften havedifferentviews from t h e i ro l d e rr e l a t i v e s . 3 O n h o i i d a yI g o t o m u s e u m st o f i n d o u t a b o u tt h e o f t h e c o u n t r yI ' m i n . 4 T h eo f P o l a n da r e a l w a v sf r r e n d l tvo m e 5 | r e a l l yh o p et h a t o u r _ winstoday. - s e v e ns i s t e r s ! 6 S h e ' sg o t a b i g
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fi i fi 111 tl-r# r: fJfi ,.l; ill $ {-1 fr: r,i+i i: : :; i d * d u * li rrrr 2 Complete the text about the Nazca lines using the correct form of the verbs in brackets. .
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3 T h e ya r e l o o k i n gv e r y r e l a x e da n d s u n t a n n e d(.p r o b a b lLv be / on holiday) 4 T h e e x a m sw e r e e a s yb u t s h e f a i l e dt h e m a l l ( d e f i n i t e l v / s t u d y/ n o t / e n 6 u g n , 5 I w a i t e df o r a n h o u rb u t h e d i d n , tc o m e ( m a y b el h e I forget)
p o p u l atrh e r e 4 lvly motherhad a lovelybirthdayparty.She is 75 now 5 T h e b a n km a n a g ew r a n t st o s e e m e o n l V o n d a y . I c a n n e v e rr e m e m b e h r isname. 6 M y m g b i l ek e e p sm e i n t o u c hw i t h t h e o f f i c e I a l w a y s haveit with me
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1 Find nine words or expressionsto do with happiness and unhappiness.The first has been done for you.
When I was six, my familymovedI lived to Romaniafor a year | (1\ startedI made friendswith a girl of my own age. Now we live in differentcountriesbut we (2\ are in touch I write news with each other. lt's greatto thinkthat over the years l've never (3) forgotten / /osf contactwith her.We don't phonevery often,so we (41keep/ blrthdaycards. make in touch by rruriting We usually(51post I send a lot of news with the cards,so we can (61find out I k e e p u p w i t h w h a t h a sb e e nh a p p e n i n ign our lives.I can always(71rely with I relY on her to wrlte becauseshe neverforgets i s v e r ys p e c i a l m y b i r t h d a vO. u r f r i e n d s h i p and I hopewe can (81remain I continue friendsfor anotherforty yearsl
rl s,'**:rt ffil* rni* ar; * f * s* *t * * r'fuet,,ryiti:;for ni"'i 2 Put the time expressionsin the correct column. a) two years b) ages c) | arrived d) Monday e ) a w e e k f ) 2 5 t hM a y g ) s i x m o n t h s h ) 1 9 9 9 i ) l u n c ht i m e j ) y e s t e r d a y k ) t h i s m o r n i n g l ) t e n m i n u t e s m ) e i g h to ' c l o c k n ) t h e s t a r to f t h e f i l m
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2 Write the words in the correct order. E x a m p l ew: o r s t w h a t t e l l i n g w o u l d i s m e y o u r fear mind you? V,lowLd r4or'tvwLwdteLLLwgrwe what gour worst teaY Ls? 1 birthday is would telling me your mind you when? 2 your what is can you ask I weight? 3 much me you earn how could tell you? 4 are you happy know would I if like to 5 drink you me how coffee tell could much you? 6 telling meat you you would me if eat mind? 3 Write indirect questions. E x a m p l eH: o w m u c hd o y o u e a r n ? Can I ask how vwwch rlon earw?
3 Write sentencesusing the present perfect with for or slnce. Use the verbs in brackets. E x a m p l eP: e t r ad i d t h e c o u r s ea n d n o w s h e ' sm a k i n gh e r o w n c l o t h e s( m a k e ) Petra's beewvwakLwg her oww oLothessLwoeshe dLd the oourse. 1 I'm travellingin Australia.I startedlastweek. (travel) I 2 Paulorodea bicycleuntil he was 13. Now he's 25. (not ride) |1E
3 W e r e y o u h e r ea t t h e b e g i n n i n go f t h e m o v i e ?( b e ) Have
1 Arq you happyin your work? I'd like 2 W h a t k e e p sy o u ' a w a k ea t n i g h t ? Could you 3 W h a td o y o u d o i n t h e e v e n i n g s ? Would you mind 4 H o w m u c h d o y o u s p e n do n c i g a r e t t e s ? 7 Canl 5 What makesyou depressed? Would you mind 6 Are you free at the weekend? I'd like 7 Where do you usua l l yg o f o r y o u r h o l i d a y s T Would you mind
4 R a u ls a y sh e ' sf e e l l n gi l l .H e f i r s tf e l t i l l t h r e eh o u r sa g o . (feel) Raul 5 M o n i k al e f t a g e sa g o .S h e n e v e rc a l l sm e (not contact) She 6 Traceymet Bradsix monthsago.(know) They
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1 Completethe crossword.
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t a k et h i n g sb a c k r e f u n d b u y t h i n g so n i m p u l s e b r o w s e h a g g l e g o w i n d o ws h o p p i n g try rlathes ar, the sales get a bargain 1 See if trousers,shirtsetc. flt: tru oLothesow 2 S p e n da l o n gt i m e l o o k i n ga n d d " e c i d i nwgh a t t o b u y : 3 G e t t h i n g sf r o m a s h o pw i t h o u tp l a n n i n g to: 4 T i m eo f t h e y e a rw h e n s h o p ss e l lt h i n g sa t a d i s c o u n t 5 R e t u r nt h i n g st o t h e s h o p : 6 T r ya n d p a ya c h e a p e p r r i c et h a nt h e y a s k : 7 Money givenbackto you for unwantedgoods:
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8 L o o ka t a l o t o f t h i n g sw i t h o u ti n t e n d i n g t o b u yt h e m 9 Paytoo littlefor something: Lili*i'r.t*"t*tr: lilirri r:*n#i[:r-]il.:i{ ;:lF'}ij i u:.'isilI u.l'*rtiir 2 Look at the pictqres then complete the story using the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
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2 Sonia has had an interviewfor a new job, Read her e-mail and find seven mistakesto do with reported questions.Correct the mistakes- the first has been done for you.
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3 Write sentences using the third conditionar. E x a m p l eI: d i d n ' tp h o n em y g i r l f r i e n o d n n e r b i r t h d a V( S h e was uoset) lf (owLtj I'dphowed wvg gLrLfrLewd owherbL*hday, she woiLdw't'have beew vtqset. 1 2 3 4 5
that, they wanted t.o know my st.rengLhs. I was very good with peopfe. They asked if I will can start next month. Finally one of the men wanted t.o know when can I give them my decision. So th4t. means that I got the jobl I,m so happyl :-). I
| d i d n ' tl i s t e nt o y o u ra d v i c e (. l p a i dt o o m u c h ) | d i d n ' tt a k ea m a p .( l g o t l o s t ) Sheswitchedher phoneoff. (Shedidn'tget my message) | d i d n ' tt r a v e fl i r s tc l a s s .( i h a da t e r r i b l ef l i g h t ) I was rudeto my boss.(l lost mv iob)
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How about you? Did you have a good t.ime with that guy you met? Send me ALL the det.ails! CU LSRI Sonia
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Lesson3
Pastsimple andpastcontinuous
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Use the past simple to talk aboutcompletedactionsor eventsin the past,often with a time reference lyesterday, Iast week, in 1999 etc.ll We met Tom yesterday Julie didn't speak to Matthew last week. Did th,Qygo on holidaylast year? I visited my grandmother every Salurdaywhen lwas a child. . U s e t h e p a s t c o n t i n u o u st o d e s c r i b el o n g e ra c t i o n sa n d eventsIn the past: I was lying awake at three o'clock last night. r Use the past continuousto set the scenein a story: The rain was falling and the wind was blowing through the trees in the dark forest r U s e t h e p a s t . s i m p l ea n d p a s t c o n t i n u o u st o g e t h e ri n one sentenceif the first actionis stillgoingon when the secondactlonhappens: He was driving his car very fast when a dog ran in front of him.
Lesson2 Subject andsb;ectquestisn$
Whosaw Vic?(Marjorie\| Who did Marjoriesee?(Vic) (whois the subject of I lwho is the object of the question) | the question) . When a wh- word is the subjectof the sentence,it comes beforethe verb.We do not use the auxiliarvdo or did, we use a mainverb in,thecorrecttense: Who ate my cake? NOTWhp4id-ea+-ny-eake+ I What's happened?.The flat is a mess! NOT +rha+4id-haBBen+ When a wh- word is the object,normalquestionword orderwith an auxiliaryis used: Who is Diavidtalking to? Jan What did the teacher say to the students? She told th6m'to opejntheir books.'
108
. Use willto rnakea decisionat the time of speaking: Have you? Illl get you l've got a terribleheadache. some asptflns. The film's at four. Great! I'll come with YOU. Use willwith the exoressionsI think and I don't think Do vou want to come to the party? Yes, I think I will. OK. See you in the I think l'll go to bed nov,. morntng. ldon'tthink l'il call the dog'Bones'. lt ssunds too silly. NOT I think I wen't eall ... OR I den't think I wen't eall Use going fo to talk aboutdecisionsyou havemade for the future,beforethe moment of speaking: I'm going to call the baby James. We're going to spend a week in France.
Lesson4 fiornparatives flnd superlatives r Use the comparativeform of adjectlveswith than to c o m p a r et w o t h i n g s : Betraining is harder for him than it is for me. NOf Retrainingis merb harderfer him ... OR Betrainingis as harderfor him ... Use adjectiveswith /notl as ... as to comparetwo things: l'rryas tall as you. (We're the same height.) This house isn't as big as the other one (Thishouse is smaller.) Use the superlativeform of adjectivesto comparethree o r m o r et h i n g s : He was the oldest lecturerat the colleqe,
Grammarreference
Adjective C o m p a r a t i v e S u p e r l a t i v e Onesyllable e n d i n gi n a vowel: add -r / -st
large
larger
largest
O n es y l l a b l e e n d i n gi n a consonant: add -er / -est
cheap
cheaper
cheapest
O n es y l l a b l e e n d i n gi n c o n s o n a n+t vowel + consonant: d o u b l et h e c o n s o n a n ta n d add -er / -est
. Use wasn't able to, didn't manage to or couldn't to talk aboutsomethingthat was not possibleon a particular occasionin the past: Unfortunately, we weren't able to fix the car. I didn't manage to escape.t had to be rescued. TheVcouldn't find the exit.
Lesson6 p*rps$e ffxp:ressing
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fatter
fattest
r Use adverbs of purpose (to, in order to, so as to, so that eIc.\to give reasonsfor an action: Security companies are installing cameras in order to watch employees. Software is used so that the,vcan record the websites Vou visit.
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Two syllables e n d i n gi n y : c h a n g ey t o i + -est
heavy
TWoor more s y l l a b l e sa:d d more or most
beautiful
lrregular adjectives
paa
WOTSC
worst
good
better
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heavier
heaviest
more beautiful
most beautiful
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Lesson5 lVlodal verbsfor abiliry r Use can to talk aboutabilityin the present: I can write with both hands. You can't swim. Can Jane speak ltalian? . Use could to talk about abilityin the past: I could read when I was four. Sam couldn't write until he was five. Could you run fast when you were a child? r Use uzasable to or managed fo to talk about somethingthat was possibleon one particularoccasion in the past: It took a long time, but we were able to fix the car in the end. I managed to escape through the window.
FrssenIp*rfertslrng:f e vs pfr$tsintpi* r Use the present perfectto talk aboutpast experiences I t i s n o t i m p o r t a nw t h e n t h e e x p e r i e n c ehsa p p e n e d : I've worked as a manager and a supervisor. (At some t i m e - i t i s n ' ti m p o r t a nw t hen.) Have you ever visited the Acropolls in Athens? (At any t i m e i n v o u rl i f e ? ) I've never tasted oysters - are they nrce7(Neverin mV life.) Use the past simple to talk aboutcompletedactionsin the past, often with a time reference(yesterday, last week, in July etc.): I applied for the job in 2001. We ate fish at the restaurant yesterday. Did they go to Rome last year?
L*rron g - verbBflffiern$ Managing a conver$*ti*n o Note the followingverb patterns Pleased+ fo + infinitive l'm pleasedto be here Lovely+to+infinitive It's lovely to see you agatn. Congratulate+ somebody + on I congratulatedIsabelle on her exam success. Congratulations + on Congratulations o.nyour recent engagement. Send+something+to Pleasesend my love to your parents. lntroduce + somebody'+ to David introduced me to his mother.
109
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. Theformof thefirstconditional is: /f + presentsimple+ modalverb+ infinitive U s et h e f i r s t c o n d i t i o n atl o t a l ka b o u tf u t u r e oossibilities: lf you use sun cream, you won't get sunburn. You'll get wet if you don't take rain clothes. Will I need rain clothes if I go in June? U s e t h e f i r s t c o n d i t i o n a tl o m a k es u g g e s t i o n sg,i v e a d v i c eo r w a r n i n g s : lf you plan severalflights,it'll be cheaperto buy a pass lf vou book Vour ticket well in advance, you'll get a better pnce. lf you don't like hot weather,go in December. Y o uc a na l s ou s e i m p e r a t i v e si n f i r s tc o n d i t i o n a l sentences: lf you're going out, take the dog with you. . Unlessmeansif nof: Don't go to Australiaunless you like hot weather. (Don'tgo to Australiaif you don't like hot weather.) :" Note:Theffclause firstbutit cancomesecond: oftencomes \ ', lf youusesuncream,youwon'tgetsunburn. i, Youwon'tgetsunburn if youusesuncream. afterit Youdon'tneed first,puta comma comes i Whenthelf clause whenit comes second. a comma \ ..!-*-.***-*_ -""__*_"-_ _J
l**ss*nI * !"€r* **rr*ttrili;t;#ft5tl,l iik*a ':** tii-qlii:*= . Use the -ing form or a noun afterthese verbs:like, love, enjoy, hate, don't mind, can't stand: I love playing basketball I can't standjunk food. Use the infinitive with ro afterthese verbs'.want, decide, need, forget, learn, promise, would Iike / love / hate'. I want to take more exercise. l'd love to play baseball. Use the .ing form or a noun aftera preposition: l'm sick of running round the park. l'm keen on aerobics o Use the infinitive after modalverbs (can,will, should, must etc.): I must go out. We can play tennis tomorrow.
110
. Use used fo + infinitivefor repeatedactionsin the pasl t h a t d o n ' t h a p p e nn o w : I used to drink a lot of coffee. (But now I don't.) Women didn't use to smoke in public ( B u tn o w t h e y d o . ) Did Harry use to smoke? Use used fo to talk aboutpaststates: Sarah used to have lonq hair. .
Jse would to talk about repeatedactionsin the past: We would spend our holidaysbV the sea. My grandfatherwould sit in his chairand tell us stories
t * s s n n1 3 v"erhs; uq,ith I'r,+,* nhj**ts . Verbscan haveone objector two. They can havea direct object: I sent a letter A n d a n i n d i r e c to b j e c t : I sent a letter to you. The indirect object is often a person,and often goes beforethe direct object: I sent you a letter. We offer vou a first-class service. r Sometimesthe indirect object goes afterthe direct o b j e c t .W h e n t h i s h a p p e n st,h e r ei s u s u a l l ya preposrtron: We can lend money to you.
l*ssscn'13 Pr*s*nt *irnpi* fifr.$**fitinc.i*** fr,;rfu'[urc o U s et h e p r e s e n ts i m p l e t o t a l ka b o u tt i m e t a b l e a snd p r o g r a m m e isn t h e f u t u r e : Does the boat leave at six this evening? The tour starts at 7.30 tomorrow. The film doesn't finish at eight, it finishes at half past eight.
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Use who or thatlor people,which or thatfor things, where for places,whenfor times and whose for peoole a n d t h e i rp o s s e s s l o n s : Jane's the girl who told me to buy some lavencleroil. Lemon has a smell which increasespeople's energy. This is the village where my husband grew up. I like nighttime when the town is nice and quiet That'sthe man whose house we staved in lastsummer
Fhi*s*Xus.:ii.:s . A p h r a s avl e r b i s a v e r b a n d a p a r t i c l e , l i k eo u t , o n , o r over,which has a differentmeaningfrom the verb on its o w n . T h e r ea r ef o u r k i n d so f p h r a s avl e r b s : Phrasalverbscan be intransitive(no objectneeded): We set off at 9.00. NOT lAe set eff the iournev et g,00,
U s e r e l a t i v ec l a u s e st o d e f i n et h e p e r s o no r t h i n gy o u a r et a l k i n ga b o u t : That'sthe man. That'sthe man who bought my house. ( T h er e l a t i v ec l a u s ed e f i n e s' t h e m a n ' )
Or transitive (theyneedan object): He got over the death of his father. NOT t+e-gre+-eve+ S o m et r a n s i t i v ep h r a s avl e r b sa r e s e p a r a b l e( t h ev e r b a n d t h e p a r t i c l ec a n b e s e p a r a t e b dy t h e o b j e c t ) : I put Ewa up for the night. I put up Ewa for the night l f t h e o b j e c ti s a p r o n o u nt,h e v e r ba n d t h e p a r t i c l em u s t be separated: I Put herup forthenight.NOT@ S o m et r a n s i t i v ep h r a s avl e r b sa r e n o t s e p a r a b l (et h e v e r ba n d p a r t i c l ec a n n o tb e s e p a r a t e d ) : Can you look after the baby? Can you look after her? NOT ean yea leel
oR@ 4 S o m et r a n s i t i v ep h r a s avl e r b sh a v et w o p a r t i c l e sw h i c h are not separable: Students usually look up to their teachers NOT Stadents asudly l@
tcss*n "tr5 $+ti:*siv*fLi.qf'ilf r;i'",i*1;**ivi,:r+ o Use should, could or ought fo to give advice: You should get more sleep. You shouldn't work so hard You could try going to bed earlier. You ought to do more exercise during the day U s e t h e i n f i n i t i v ew i t h o u tt o a f t e rm o d a lv e r b s : You should take more exercise. NOT +€a-sh€ald-+e-+ake'.. .
i**ss*n I S **fini*g isl*tiu* {:1ff iis*s r Userelativepronouns(who,which,that,where, whose)to introduce relativeclauses: Lavender hasa smellthat calmspeopledown.
:' Note:Youdon'tneeda relative pronoun whenyouaredefining the'\ 'robjectofasentence: Cherriesarethefruit(that)l i likemost.
:
'i";'; '.: j" I : :':i :--: i :l i i ii i,xi # !.,.',,a i i:li 1..i1. i. iirx *.#,t: -:u;":. U s e t h e p r e s e n tp e r f e c tt o t a l ka b o u ta c t i o n st h a t happened i n t h e p a s ta n d h a v ea n e f f e c to n t h e p r e s e n t : My neighbourhas just painted his front door ilt looks good now.) Kim has alreadywritten her report (Thereport rs f i n i s h e dn o w . ) Use alreadywhen the actionis completed: l've already tidied my desk. (My desk is tidy now.) UseTusfwhen the actionhappenedvery recently: l've just repaintedmy bedroom.(j finishedpaintinga f e w m o m e n t sa g o . ) Atread) andTusfcome beforethe verb She's already bought some plants. He's just tidied the house Yef comes at the end of the sentence I haven't walked the dog yet. Use nof yef when the actionis not completedbut you expectit to be completedin the future I haven'tboughta fish tank yef (But I will soon.) Georgehasn't finishedthat book yef (But he'llfinish it i n t h e n e x tw e e k . )
o U s e y e f t o a s k w h e t h e ra n a c t i o ni s c o m p l e t e d : Have vou taken up a sport yet? (Areyou doing a new sport now?)
" ,' N;;;-N;;;; i;;; ;il ilili,; ;,d;i ;;;;i;*, i,,,n.pr,, ',,.__laue ",,''r' youprepared (Youdidthatquickly) thefoodalreadyT
.
111
referenc* Grammar l, he,sheandit Note:Youcanusevvereorrazaswith lf I wererich,I'd buya houseabroad. lf shewere taller,shecouldbea nodel. If it wasn'training,we'dgo to thebeach.
L e s s o n1 8 and politerflqilest$ A s k i n gs o m e o n e to do something Open the window! O K Can you open the window?
Yes,of course Sorry,I can't reach it.
Couldyou open the window?
Sure.
Do you mind openingthe window?
N o ta t a l l .
Would you mind opentngme window?
N o , o f c o u r s e Actually;I would mind. not
Lesson20 Yes,I do - it's cold rnhere
Saying 'yes' fnn
I nnan
tha
Yes,of course
window? CouldI open the window? 'Do you mind if I open the window? Would you mind i f II vnynv a n a dt v v t
rt
tL h' a tv
Sure
Notat all
oftencom0s firstbutit cancomesecond: Note:TherTclause lf I werericher,I'dbehappier. l'd bb happierif I werericher. afterit Youdon't comes first,puta comma Whentheif clause whenit comes Second needa comma
l'd ratheryou didn:t.
Yes,I do - it's cold r nh e r e .
N o , o f c o u r s e Actually,I would mrnd not
with -rngi infinitive Verhcsristrilf;ti0ns . Use the infinitive with' fo afterthese verbs'.want, decide, need, learn, promise, would like / love / hate, plan, afford, mana,ge, offer: I want to go out tonight. Do you need to buy some new ieans? He didn't promise io write but I'm sure he will. withto after Note:Youcanalsouseverbi object+ infinitive theverbswantandwouldtike/ love/ hate: I'dlove you to comeonholidaywithme. club Theywantedher to join theswimming r Use the -ingform after these verbs: /ike, enjoy, Iove, hate, finish, go, stop, avoid, spend / waste time and after some two-part phrasalverbs: give up, take up, ' carry onl keep on: I avoid taking exercise. He keeps on laughing at her. Do you avoid writing letters? I don't waste time surfing the lnternet.
window?
Lesson21 L e s s o n1 9 S e c o ncdo n d i t i o n a l . The form of the secondconditionalis: /f + past simple, would (or could or mightl + infinitive . U s et h e s e c o n dc o n d i t i o n a tl o t a l ka b o u tu n l i k e l V . o r imaginarysituationsln the presenta,ndthe future: lf I didn't have a car, I'd take the train. (But I havegot a car,so I won't take the train.) If lwon the race, I'd be delighted. (But I probablywon't win the raceso I won't be delighted.) Would you stop working if'rlou won the lottery? (Youprobablywon't win the lottery")
Fastper-fect simple o Use the past perfectto talk aboutan actionthat happenedbeforeanotheractionin the past: When I arrived at the terminal, the plane had already taken off. (Firstthe planetook off, then I arrivedat the terminal.) I realised I hadn't packed my passport. (FirstI left my passportbehind,then I realised.) Had the meeting started when you arrived? between thepastperfectandthepast Note:Thedifference simple is: WhenI arrivedat thebusstop,thebusleft. (l arrived time.) andthebusleftatthesame WhenI arrivedat thebusston.thebushad left. (Thebusleft,thenI arrived.)
il
firarnmarr*f*rence
Lesson22
Lesson?5
Fassive en*stnuct!cns
M m d * E v n rf hc sr n e c e s s i at 5nrd* b i i g a t l * n
. U s et h e p a s s i v ew h e n y o u d o n ' t k n o w w h o d o e st h e action,or you are not interestedin who does it, or it isn't importantwho does it: The winner of the competitionwas announced during the show. ( l t i s n ' ti m p o r t a nw t h o a n n o u n c e tdh e w i n n e r . )
. Use / must and I mustn't to talk aboutyour own obligations: I must keep my writing simple. (Thisis what I feel is necessary ) I mustn't forgetAndy's birthday.(l am remindlngmyself to do something.)
U s e t h e p a s s i v et o t a l ka b o u tp r o c e s s e s : First the band is chosen. Thena single is released. Next,a full-lengthalbum is recorded ... Use the passivein more formalcontexts: The new president was taken to the White House where he was interviewed bv a senior iournalist.. . Use by + agent (the personor thing)when we want to s a vw h o d i d t h e a c t i o n . ... he was interviewedby a senior journalist. The film was directed bv Almod1var. Note:Theobjectof anactive sentence becomes thesubjectoi theoasslve sentence: People broadcast theprogrammes Theprpgrammes arebroadcast. . Use the verb be in the correcttense + past participle: The Spice Girls were created bv a businessman. The bildge is being built at the moment This room has been painted recently.
Lesson23 Modalverbst0 talkabautfutureprCIbabilitt' r Use wll/to talk aboutthingsthat you think are very likely to haopenin the future: l'm sure interactive books will become very popular. We won't live on other planets. Will we use cars? . Use may, mightor couldto talk aboui possibilities in the future: I think we may communicate entirely by e-mail. We rnight not need telephonesat all. Robots could be in every home in fifty years.
Lessmn 24 Fhnasai vsrb$* $eeLesson 14
Use have to or mastto talk aboutobliqations that come from other oeoole: You have to send that e-mailtoday. Jhe boss says it's necessarv.) I have to be at the office by eight o'clock.(Theseare the companyrules.) You mustn't park here. (lt's the law.) Note:Theusual formis DoI haveto ...?noIMustJl: ouestion DoI haveto retypethisreport? Dowehaveto leavesoearly? o Use don't have to when somethingis unnecessary: You don't have to use abbreviationsin e-mails.(lt isn't necessary.) . Use should and shouldn'rto ask for and give advice. U s e s h o u l d t o s a ys o m e t h i n gi s a g o o di d e a ,a n d shouldn'tto say it's a bad idea. You should get more fresh air. You shouldn't smoke.
Lesson26 \F"jays to express contrasting idea$ . Use althgugh, despite (not), in spite of and however to introducecontrastingideas: Sashadidn't phone Peter,although she'd plannedto. Despite going to bed very late, we all got up at six. Did you enjoy your holiday in spite of the terrible weather? Note the differentforms: although + clause Although I hate commuting, I love my job. despite (not) + -ing form Despite leaving at six, I arrivedlate. Despite not having an alarm clock, I manage to wake up eailv. in spite of+ noun or -ingform In spite of his health, he climbed the rnountain. He climbed the mountain, in spite of being in bad health. However + clause (Howevergoes at the startof a sentence) I often feel tired. However, l enjoy the job.
113
L e s s o n2 7
Lsnx*n3$
perlectsimp!*snd**nf[nurui.ns Present
Firstani.$ $*sflnd*nnriitirunnl # andt".s} {Sse*fseLess*r*s
r U s e b o t ht h e p r e s e n tp e r f e c ts i m p l ea n d t h e p r e s e n t perfectcontinuousto talk about recentactionsand situationsthat havea resultin the oresent. r Use the present perfectsimple when you focus on the resultof a completedactivity: He's tested the power device and it works. I haven't revised for mV exam - I think l'll fail. Have you run a marathon?
. U s et h e f i r s t c o n d i t i o n a tl o t a l ka b o u tt h i n g st h a t m a y o r m a y n o t h a p p e ni n t h e f u t u r e : lf you have a businessIunch,it'll only last an hour. ( Y o um a y o r m a y n o t h a v ea b u s i n e s sl u n c h . ) lf it's sunny tomorrow, I'll go out. ( l t ' sp o s s i b l et h a t i t ' l lb e s u n n y . ) o U s et h e s e c o n dc o n d i t i o n atl o t a l ka b o u ti m a g i n a r y s i f r r a t i n n s i n t h c n r o c g l ' 1 ta n d t h e f U t U f e :
lf I wasn't at a meeting, l'd be at home ( B u tI a m a t a m e e t i n g s, o l ' m n o t a t h o m e . ) lf someone offered me a bribe, l'd probably take it. (But I probablywon't be offereda bribe.)
o U s e t h e p r e s e n tp e r f e c tc o n t i n u o u sw h e n y o u f o c u so n the activity.The activitymay or may not be completed: He's been testing the power device I haven't been revising, l've been sleeping! Have you been running?
f**s**r,:3* l*esson 2S
ffimi;crted stetefii#nt$
$)astohiiqatron and perffi;s$i{ifi . Usehad to / didn't haveto or made/ didn't maketo talkaboutobligation in thepast: He had to go to school Mum made Peterwork in every day. (Someone o b l i g e dh l m to do this )
stlence. (Someone o b l i g e dh i m t o work in silence.)
Did he have to wear a uniform? (Wasit necessary?)
They didn't make him work very hard. ( N oo n e o b l i g e dh i m t o work hard.)
Use let / didn't let or was(n't)/were(n't)/ allowed to say that somethingwas or wasn't permitted: Mum often let him She was allowed to go to watch TV. the disco ( S h eg a v eh i m p e r m i s s i o n /\ Qv vn rm aInrnvov , r v nY rqr vr av h| ,ovr l p e r m i s s i otno d o t h i s . ) thls.)
114
Did she let him eat chocolate? ( D i ds h e g i v e h i m permissionto eat it?)
Was he allowed to stay up late? ( D i ds o m e o n eg l v e h i m p e r m i s s i otno d o t h i s ? )
She didn't let him go to discos. ( S h er e f u s e dh i m p e r m i s s i otno d o t h i s . )
He wasn't allowed to eat sweets. ( S o m e o n er e f u s e dh i m p e r m i s s i otno d o t h i s . )
a
Youcan start reportedspeechin two ways:
1 Subject + told + object(+ fhaf) I told him that I was ready to go. Subject + said (+ thatl I said that I was ready to go. When you reportwhat somebodysaid,the verb tenses u s u a l l ym o v e b a c k :
(r'"'"'dfin') '-,rHe said that he was ready to go.
@ 7-
Theysaid they'd been to the market.
She said she'd been to Aberdeen.
I
Note:There is nochange withthepastperfect: 'Mark hadarrivedlate,asusual.'> HesaidMarkhadarrived lateasusual.
l
J
firamnqarrefefence r The time expressions(yesterday,this week etc ) also u s u a l l yc h a n g e :
L*ssnn32 ffiefi*Niue Flr{}Fl*rins
I saw John yesterday.
She said that she had seen John the day before.
rffir ,/. He told me he was goingto work the following day.
They said that the film was coming out that week.
Less*n3'l Fastperfmct slru;pie {}*d{:$ntifir.r*ris f;tri {$eeaismLssson o Use the past perfectsimple to talk aboutan actlonthat h a p p e n e db e f o r ea n o t h e ra c t i o ni n t h e p a s t : When she returned to the UK, she had already written some of Harry Potter. (Firstshe wrote some of her book,then she returnedto the uK ) U s e t h e p a s t p e r f e c tc o n t i n u o u st o t a l ka b o u tl o n g e r activitiesor situatlonsthat haooenedbeforeanother actionin the past: Before 1996,Joanne had been living in Portugal. ( U pt o 1 9 9 6 ,J o a n n ew a s l i v i n gi n P o r t u g a) l I'd been waiting for ages before I was served. They hadn't been expecting Mario to arrive so late. Had they been seeing each other long when they got married?
. Use reflexivepronouns(myself, yourself, ourselves etc.)to make the subjectof the sentencestronger: I do everythingmyself. (Nobodyhelps me.) When Peter was little, he never did anything himself. His mother did it all. Don't worry about food for tonight. We'll cook it ourselves. Can the twins dress themselves yet or are they still too young? U s e t h e s t r u c t u r eh a v e + s o m e t h i n g+ p a s t p a r t i c i p l e (alsoknown as the causative) to say that somebody d o e ss o m e t h i n gf o r y o u : I have my hair cut once a month. ( S o m e b o dcyu t s i t f o r m e . I d o n ' tc u t i t . ) lf you want to say who does the actionfor you, use by + p e r s o n/ t h i n g : I have my car servicedby Olds Motor Group. John has his hair cut by a friend. . Form:Use the correcttense of have + something + pastparticiple: I have my bike repaired at'Wheelies'. l'm going to have this room painted.
Lessnn33 T!'iefuture . Use will / won'f + infinitive to say what you think will h a p p e na t a p o i n ti n t h e f u t u r e : I think we will all wear personal computers on our wnsrc. . Use will / won't + have + past participleto say that y o u t h i n ks o m e t h i n gw l l l h a p p e nb e f o r eo r a t a p o i n ti n the future: By 2050, scientists will have perfected the 'brainlink' computer ' brainIink' comDuterperfected x? now
x?
x? 2050
This time next week, I will have been oi't holidav for two davs. (Monday)
(Saturday) (Monday)
go on holiday
115
rerei'ence
Lesson34
Lcssnn37
*" s** [-*sn*n"i4 Phraseir.'*1"'lls
Lesson35 r.rerfos F*stm**erf cf #e$u*ti*n r U s e m u s f h a v e b e e nw h e n y o u a r e s u r es o m e t h i n g WAS tTUE:
She must have been a storyteller. ( l a m s u r es h e w a s a s t o r y t e l l e) r
aremanvsituations wheneither formisconect. I Note:There
Use can't have been when you are sure something w a s n ' tt r u e : She can't have been an ordinarymember of society. ( l a m s u r es h e w a s n ' ta n o r d i n a r ym e m b e ro f s o c i e t y . ) . Use might have been or could have been when you t h i n ks o m e t h i n gw a s p o s s i b l e : I think she might have been a soldier. She could have been a rich and powerful woman. Note:Wecanalsomakedeductions about things inthepresent. i i'\-*-__*-*.***-r -',-__-_:____*/ . U s e m u s t b e w h e n y o u a r e s u r es o m e t h i n gi s t r u e : Thatmust be an insect - it's qot six leas. U s e c a n ' t b e w h e n y o u a r e s u r es o m e t h i n gi s n ' tt r u e : Thatcan't be a spider.lt's only got six legs. Spiders have got eight legs. . U s e m i g h t b e w h e n y o u t h i n ks o m e t h i n gi s p o s s i b l e I think it might be a bee
tsssmn 36 i \ i * n - d m f i n i * 6r G i f i t i u ef fl t r r ; s * s . U s e n o n - d e f i n i nrge l a t i v ec l a u s e st o a d d e x t r a i n f o r m a t i otno a s e n t e n c e : My car is two years old. My car, which needs a service, is two years old. My pet rabbit died in June last year. My pet rabbit,who was adorable, died in June last Year. o Introducenon-defininq relativeclauseswith razho or which, not{ha+: Kate Moss, who is an international model, bought one of the T-shirts. Arezzo, which isn't very far from Siena, is an interesting town.
fG.Jr*rrr;;.fr" \_
116
iir
,rdJ,rrr.-ortrrs
$*r*;$mnt rl#rf*rit krii{h "f#{flffid .si,q{:# . U s et h e p r e s e n tp e r f e c tw i t h f o r a n d s i n c e l ot a l ka b o u t a c t i o n so r s t a t e st h a t s t a r t e di n t h e p a s ta n d c o n t i n u e now: I've known Bichard for five years. ( W e m e t f i v ey e a r sa g o a n d I s t i l lk n o w h i m n o w . ) I've been living with my brother since I sold my flat. ( A n dl ' m s t i l ll i v i n gw i t h h i m )
"1"..
,hrses)
for fiveyears. I I've workedin London forfiveyears. \Jr, !:rry_":99:lJtrdon
i
o The present perfectcontinuous is often usedwhen we t a l ka b o u ts o m e t h i n gt e m p o r a r y : I've been taking the bus to work recently ( M y c a r i s n ' tw o r k i n g . ) /"N;t.,Thrfdtowrg;rrbr*r;i'.drily,*-'T';ih;;.ihr*;-\\ ! form:know,have,like,enjoy,hate,love,want,need,believe, i \ understand. i '--**------_---l'
r U s e f o r t o t a l ka b o u tt h e l e n g t ho f t i m e : for eight days for months for a long time Use srnceto say when the actionor state started: since three o'clock since last Tuesdav since 2000
N*mssnn 3S F*fitm*r indIrc*1. questr*fts . You can ask polite(or indirect)questionswilh Could you, Can you, Would you and l'd like... . lf you use a questionword, the questionword (when, where, why, whgt, who and how) goes beforethe subject: Could you tell me when the film starts? Would you find out why Sarahlooks so upset,please? Use if or whetherwhen the directquestionis a yes / no questron: Can vou tell me if vou'd like to have dinnersometime? l'd like to know whether you want to go out tomorrow
Grammarreference
Lesson39
Why do you want the job?
Thirdconditional andI wisltI lf anly r T h e f o r m o f t h e t h i r d c o n d i t i o n a li s : lf + had / hadn'f + past participle, would / wouldn't + have + past participle
She asked me why I wanted the job. NOT . .: wnyael-wan++Ae1oU. 2 YesI No questions:
U s e t h e t h i r d c o n d i t i o n atl o t a l ka b o u th o w t h i n g s might havebeen differentin'the past.Thirdconditional sentencescan expressrelief,regretand accusationsl lf they hadn't phoned us, they wouldn't have found out we neededhelp. ( B u tt h e y d i d p h o n e ,a n d t h e y d i d f i n d o u t . ) If I hadn't worn the hat, I wouldn't have felt so stupid. ( B u t I d i d w e a r t h e h a t ,a n d I d i d f e e l s t u p i d . ) lf you hadn't told Jane you'd broken her vase, she'd never have noticed! ( B u ty o u d i d t e l l h e r ,a n d s h e d i d n o t i c e . ) Youcan also use lwish I had l'hadn't + past participle and lf only I had / hadn't + past participle: I wish I had gone to bed earlier!(But I didn't.) If only I hadn't gone to bed so /afel (But I did.) Note:Theffclause oftencomes firstbutit cancomesecond: lf I hadn't beensolate.l'dhaveseenthemovie. l'dhavesebnthemovie if I hadn't beensolate. When'the rfclause'comes first.outa comma afterit.Youdon'tneed a comma whenit comes second.
f-esson40
Person+ asked (me) + if or whether + subject + (modalverb)+ mainverb
He asked if I could work under pressure
Are o
t nt
reS ted
t n t hU J ob 7
)
He wanted to know whether I was interested in the iob. When you reportquestions,the verb tenses usualhT move oacK:
She asked if I liked office life. Note:Formoreinformation about changes oftensein reported speech, seepages 114- 115.
question$ Reported When you reportquestionsthat othershaveasked,the two types of questionsare reportedin differentways: Ouestionsthat start with a question word (who, what, where etc-l: Person+ asked (me) + questionword + subject + (modalverb)+ mainverb
She asked me what my strengths were. NOT .. . what w'eremy strengths,
,,F-.
*o11yo11to,n1.''''', qy, =7r/l.
She asked me what I would do in a crisis. NOT ... what weald I de in a erisis.
117
f{eccrdtng scrtpts ! '
- e s s o n1 l t ' sa b s o l u l s ltyr u e ! Exercise 4 'i A Were you very hot? B : H o t ?| w a s a b s o l u t e lby o i l i n g l 2 A: Were you reallytired? B : Y e s ,I w a s a b s o l u t e ley x h a u s t e d ! A: Was it very crowded? B: Yes,it was reallypacked! A i W a s t h e s t a d i u mv e r y b i g ? B : B i g ?l t w a s a b s o l u t e ley n o r m o u s ! A : W a s t h e m u s i cg o o d ? B : G o o d ?l t w a s a b s o l u t e lfya n t a s t i c l
Exercise 5 S=SaraR=Rob R: So, where were you staying? S : l n B r a z i li,n R i o R : O h , n i c eo n e l S: a n d i t w a s b e f o r eC a r n i v a ' -T u e s d a yI t h i n k- y e s ,T u e s d a ya n d .w e l l ,y o u k n o w w h a t B r a z iils l i k ei n F e b r u a r y ? R : V e r yh o t , I i m a g i n e ? S : H o t ! l t ' s a b s o l u t e lby o i l i n g l R: Mmmm S: Wellusually R: Right. S : B u t t h i s y e a ri t w a s r a i n i n g- h e a v yr a i ns o m e t h i n gl i k ea m e t r eo f w a t e ra n h o u r l'm not exaggeratingl!lt was very,very wet - i n f a c t ,t h e S a m b a d r o mw e as absolutely f l o o d e dI R : W h a t ' st h e S a m b a d r o m e ? S: Oh you know lt's where they do the Samba And everyonewas gettingvery worried in c a s et h e y c a n c e l l e tdh e C a r n i v aol r sometnrng R : T h a tw o u l d h a v eb e e nr e a l l ya w f u l , S : Y e s J u s t i m a g i n et h e h u n d r e d sa n d t h o u s a n d so f p e o p l ei n v o l v e di n t h e C a r n i v a l , a n dt h e 2 0 0 , 0 0 0t o u r i s t so r s o , a l lw a i t i n g a n dt h e n i t ' s c a n c e l l e d ! R: Incredible! S : B u t t h e n t h e w e a t h e rc h a n g e da, n dt h e r a i n sroppeo R : T h a tw a s l u c k y S : Y e a h s, o t h e C a r n i v aslt a r t e do n t i m e a f t e ra l l , a n d r h e s c h o o l sd i d t h e i rS a m b a- i t w a s s o c o l o u r f u lD, i d y o u k n o w t h e r ea r eo v e r 70,000dancers? R : Must havebeen very crowded? S : N o t j u s t c r o w d e d- r e a l l yr, e a l l yp a c k e d l ! R: Mmmm S: a n d s o I w e n t a n d d a n c e da l l n i g h t ,a n d a l l the next night, R : I guessyou were tired? S : E x h a u s t e dBl u t I d i d n ' tm i n d R: No? S: b e c a u s eI w a s i n B r a z i l a n a r r w a s Carnival R: Right. S : A b s o ' u t e l fya n t a s t i cA l b s o l u t e l fya n t a s t i c ! Anyway,what aboutyou?Where did you go? R : M e ? O h , I w e n t t o B r i g h t o nf o r a w e e k w i t h my mother lt rainedeveri day
Lesson3 What'sin a nameT Hxercise 4 1
M=Man W=Woman
M : W e r e a l l yn e e dt o c h o o s ea n a m e W e ' r e a t
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the hospital,the baby'scomingand we still h a v e n ' tg o t o n e ! W h a t d o y o u t h i n k ? W : J u s t o p e nt h e b o o kt h e n a n dw e ' l l t a k et h e f i r s t n a m ew e f i n d M: Areyou sure? W : Y e s lJ u s t d o i t ! M : O K , h e r eg o e s ,I h o p ew e ' l l l i k ei t , , i t ' s u r STANLEY, that's it, that'sthe name We're goingto call our babyboy Stanley I h o p e i t s u i t sh i m W : M m m S t a n l e y. , S t a nT h o r n t o nI l i k et h a t l ' m s u r ei t ' l l s u i t h i m 2
M=Man W=Woman
M : D a r l i n gs, h e ' sb e a u t i f u A l h , w e l l d o n e ,I ' m s o p r o u do f y o u W : I s n ' ts h e a m i r a c l e ?S u c ht i n y h a n d s lW h a t a r e w e g o i n gt o c a l lh e rt h o u g h ? M : I d u n n o l o o ki t ' s g e t t i n gl i g h t w h a t a b e a u t i f usl u n r i s e W: That'sitl That'sthe name. M: What'Sunrise'? W : N o s i l l y !D a w n ! L e t ' sc a l lh e r D a w n M : Y e a h I ' l l g o f o r t h a t l W e l c o m et o t h e w o r l d baby DawnI 3
W=Woman J=John
W: John,we've talkedabout this so manytimes I reallywant to decideso I can stop worrying a b o u ti t , O K ?l t ' s e i t h e rL u l u ,L i l yo r L o l a J : O K , O K I W e l l , L u l u ' st h e n a m eo f a f a m o u s s i n g e rs, o I d o n ' tt h i n kl ' l l c a l lh e rt h a t - i t ' s not very original As for Lily,it remindsme of a flowerl But Lolahas a strong image Let's c h o o s eL o l a W: Yeah,yoJ're right. Loladoes soundgood J: That'sit then Our baby'sgoingto be called Lola 4
M=Man W=Woman
M : W e ' d a l r e a d yd e c i d e dt o n a m et h e b a b y Sammy.That way we coveredboth sexes w: Yeahthat's right But we neverexpectedto h a v et o f i n d a n o t h e rn a m e ,W h e n w e J o u n d out there were two of them, it was such a snocK. M : Y o uc a n s a yt h a t a g a i n lT w i n s l . . W: Of coursewe neededanothername So insteadof Sammy,we finallydecidedto use ' mes, m y g r a n d p a r e n tns a M : Y e s ,W e ' r e g o i n gt o n a m et h e t w i n s M a t i l d a a n dG e o r g e , 5 W=Woman M=Man W : N o w I u n d e r s t a nw d h y y o u l i k et h e n a m e K e v i n ll t ' st h a t f o o t b a l l eirs n ' ti t ? M : U m my e a h . W: I'm not goingto call my babyafter a footballerl l\/l
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W: Well, maybe l'll agreeto it, if I can give him h i s s e c o n dn a m e .I w a n t s o m e t h i n ga b i t more stylish,you know, like a film star M : E h ?O h , a l l r i g h tt h e n W : Y e a h K e v i n L e o n a r d o. , J o n e s . Exercisb 7 1 l ' l lg o f o r t h a t ! 2 Maybewe'll use a name book 3 W e ' r e g o i n gt o c a l lh e r G e o r g i a 4 Are you definitelygoingto move to Boston 5 l ' m n o t s u r e l ' m g o i n gt o l i k ei t
Lesstn 4 Cere*rpaths Exercise S A B C D E
R e - t r a i n i ni g s h a r d e rf o r m e t h a n i t i s f o r y o u n g e rp e o p l e S t u d y i n gi s m o r e i m p o r t a ntth a nw o r k i n g , He was the oldest lecturer l t w a s t h e m o s t b o r i n gt h i n gI e v e rd i d . I was the most experiencedlecturer
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I f o u n di t n o t r o u b l e It was simple It was straightfotward A: OK B : I f o u n di t m a n a g e a b l e It was possible A: Difficult. B: lt was hard It was tough I found it complicated It was impossible Exercise 4 M=Mike J=Joanna lvl: I didn't realiseyou were left-handed J: Why do you ask?Are you left-handedtoo? M : Y e a h W e l l ,a c t u a l l yl ' m a b i t a m b i d e x t r o u s 'cds I write with my left handand I draw w i t h m y l e f t h a n db u t J: Yes- l've hearda lor of artistsare lefthanded, M : Y e a h b u t f o r s p o r t sa n dt h i n g sI u s u a l l y u s e m y r i g h th a n d Y o uk n o w ,t h i n g sl i k e I b a 1 r i g h t - h a n d eadn d J : O h r e a l l y ?| k n o w w h a t y o u m e a n ,' c o s u m , I u s e m y r i g h th a n dt o s e r v ei n t e n n i s ,b u t then I changethe racketto my left to carry on playingl M: Yeahand I kick a ballwith my right foot insteadof my left foot I supposethat makes me right-footedlHeyl Do you want to try this test I readabout- it's a kind of ability test to see if you're ambidextrous?| don't t h i n ki t ' l lt a k e l o n g . J : O h , O K t h e n ,w h a t d o y o u h a v et o d o ? Exercise 5 M : S o , l e t ' sc h e c ko u r r e s u l t s I m a n a g e dt o t h r o wt h e b a l lO K I n f a c t ,i t w a s q u i t ee a s y w i t h e i t h e rh a n d . J: Yeah,me too - it was a pieceof cake How a b o u tt h e w r i t i n gt h o u g h ?H u h ,l o o ka t m y m e s s a g eI, c o u l d n ' d t o t h a t a t a l l- i t l o o k s like a five-year-old did it! M : H m m y o u ' r er i g h t !Y o uk n o w I a c t u a l l yf o u n d i t h a r da t f i r s t ,b u t t h e n i t w a s n ' tt o o d i f f i c u l t J: Yeahit's not bad at all - | can read it OK, W h a t a b o u tt h e s c i s s o r s ? | f o u n d I c o u l du s e t h e m b e t t e rw i t h m y r i g h th a n dt h a n I c o u l d with my left M: Yeahme too lt felt more straightforward w i t h m y r i g h th a n d , J: So, that leavesthe drawing!Let's havea l o o ka t y o u r s O h , i t ' s r e a l l yg o o d ! M:'Thanksl J : I w a s n ' ta b l et o h o l dm y p e n c i lp r o p e r . l y ! M : H m m , I c a n s e e t h a t l s t h a t s u p p o s e dt o b e m e ?!
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Hxer*i*e ? 1 H a v ey o u h a da j o b l i k et h i s b e f o r e ? 2 H a v ey o u w o r k e di n a n o f f i c e ? 3 Haveyou ever used a computer? 4 No,I haven't 5 H a v ey o u o r g a n i s e a dn e v e n t ? 6 Y o u ' v ea p p l i e df o r t h i sj o b 7 Haveyou ever worked in a team? I Yes,I have
B: Yes,wel anyway Susie,you look very w e l . a n d I l o v et h e n e w h a i rs t y l e , S : D o y o u ?T h a n ky o u B: No, it really,reallysuits youl You look better everytrme I see you S : T h a n ky o u B y t h e w a y , d i d y o u h e a rt h a t l ' m A^in^.
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1 | r e a l l yl o v et h e c o l o u ro f y o u r h a i r 2 Y o u ' r et h e m o s t b e a u t i f uwl o m a na t t h e parry1 3 Y o uh a v e n ' tp h o n e dm e f o r a g e s l on rhe birtl^of you' baoyl 4 Cong'atJlations 5 Can I introduceyou to my wife? 6 D i dy o u h e a rt h e n e w s t h i s m o r n i n g ? 7 H o w a r ey o u g e t t i n go n a t t h e m o m e n t ? 8 Pleasesend my love to your family 9 Yourexam resultsare fantasticlWell donel 1 0 l t ' s a l o v e l yd a y ,i s n ' t i t ?
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S : H e y ! B a r r y ll t ' s g r e a tt o s e e y o u l I c a n ' i b e l i e v et h i s l W h a t a r ey o u d o i n gh e r e ? B: l'm on holidaylHow aboutyou?You know, I haven'tseen you sinceyou left the UK! How are you gettingon? S : G r e a t lI n f a c t ,l ' m v e r yw e l l , w h a t a b o u t you? B : l ' m f i n e ,t h a n k s y o u ?B a n y ,t h i s i s m y S: Um C a nI i n t r o d u c e boyfriend,Tom Tom this is Barry We met in England. B : P l e a s e dt o m e e t y o u ,T o m T: Niceto meet you, too, Barr, Exercis* 4 S: Tom,d d I reiryou that Bary's from Walesh e ' sW e l s h T: ReallyT H o w i n t e r e s t i n ga,n d h o w d o y o u l i k e the States? B : l t ' s g r e a t lI j u s t l o v et h e w e a t h e rh e r e l ' m r e a l l ye n j o y i n gt h e s u n s h i n e T: Hey,better than your awful Britishsummers, h u h ?W h e n I w a s i n L o n d o n i,t r a i n e dt h e w h o l et i m e l
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tesson 11 Determination [:,i*r*i$e d. S = S u s a n T = - l l m B = B r e n d aJ = J o h n S : I u s e dt o l i v ea l o n ea n d l , u r h h ,g o r i n t ot h e habitof eatingchocolate,you know when l was watchingTV and so on I alwaysusedto ^^i^,, i+ - ^ l^+ - k, + i+,.,^^ ^^, e , r l u yr r d . u r u L r r w d s n u v e ra p - o o l e m i n t l ' e p a s t T h e nI f o u n d I w a s e a t i n gm o r e a n d m o r e- y o u k n o w ,l ' d h a v es o m e chocolatebeforemeals,after mea s and s o m e t i m e se, v e nd u r i n gm e a l s I p u t o n m o r ea n d m o r ew e i g h ta n d I c o u l d n ' tg i v ei t u p M y f n e n d sn o t i c e dt;o o O n e d a y ,I d e c i d e dt o s t o p l t t o o k a l o t o f w i l l p o w e rbut I must say,I feel betterwithout the w e i g h t I s t i l lm i s s c h o c o l a t e though I u s e dt o l o v e' e a d i n g I ' d o f t e r r e a dr h r e e booksa week Then they inventedthe Internet I boughtmy first computerten y e a r sa g o a n d I i m m e d i a t e lby e c a m e c o m p l e t e l ya d d i c t e dt o i t . N o w I u s u a l { y s p e n df o u r h o u r sa n i g h to n t h e N e t l t ' s l i k e h a v i n ga b e s tf r i e n d ,I d o n ' tg o o u t m u c h a n d I d o n ' t h a v et i m e t o r e a da n y m o r e- e x c e p t t h e c o m p u t e rm a g a z i n e so,f c o u r s e ,
Lesson10 Takeit eas',,
W h e n I w a s a t s c h o o lI d i d n ' tu s e t o d o much sport l'd often get my mother to give m e a s i c kn o t es o t h a t I c o u l dm i s st h e g a m e sl e s s o ' r sl t w a s o n l yw h e n I s t a r t e d w o r k t h a t I t o o k a n i n t e r e s itn e x e r c i s eI wanted to look good There'sa gym at work and I startedgoingthere, Now I go every day I l o v ei t ! I n f a c t ,i t ' s a b o u tt h e o n l yt h i n g I d o i n m y l e i s u r et i m e
E x s r c j s eJ s=As:ra l=lan A: larl Ccrreon! k's timeto go to the gyml \'r,'9' be laie. l : l ' r n u h - I ' m n o t c o m i n gt o n i g h t A: Noi coming? l : N o , l ' v e d e c i d e dt o t a k et h e e v e n i n go f f . I t h i n k l ' v e b e e nt a k i n go n t o o m u c hr e c e n t l y A : B u t I t h o u g h ty o u e n j o y e dg o i n g ? l : W e l l ,I d i d I d o , i t ' s j u s t A: But last week you saidyou were into gettingfit l : A a h , , y e s b u t n o w I c a n ' ts t a n di t I n f a c t , l ' m s i c ko f r u n n i n gr o u n dt h e g y m A : I d o n ' tu n d e r s t a n d l : U m , I t h i n k l ' v e b e e nt a k i n gi t t o o s e r i o u s l-y I need a break A : T h i si s r i d i c u l o u sYl o u ' l le n j o yi t w h e n y o u get there l : L o o k ,d a r l i n gI, d o n ' t m i n ds t a y i n gi n a n d taking it easyfor a change You go without me l'llbe OK Honestly l p h o n er i n g s l
H e l l o y e s y e s r i g h t O K I ' 1:i e him Bye Who was that? It was Davel Dave? Yeah, he says he's got a takeawaypizza a n de r h e ' l lb e h e r ei n a b o u t2 0 m i n u t e s Oh really? to watch the footballmatch on TV with y o u!
S m o k i n gu s e dt o b e q u i t ea c c e p t a b l e e v e r y o n ed i d i t w h e n w e w e r e y o u n g ,d i d n ' t they? Did you use to smoke?Anyway I smoked for years,40 a day sometimesand I was totallydependenton it But when I got m a r r i e dm , y w i f e t o l d m e s h e h a t e dt h e smell of cigarettesso I used hypnotherapy a n d q u i t s m o k i n gf,o r h e r
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-! -: : l- i use to like computers : I : s : e J S et o b i t eh e rn a i l s ? i -sei ro walk our dog everyafternoon
i e s s o n1 3 T h e r i v e r !r:rcise 4 -=Agent T=Tourist - ; G o o dm o r n r n gR , i v e r s i dTe o u r s ,M a r i a s p e a k i n gH o w c a n I h e l py o u ? Yes,he lo I havea reservationon the River Tournext week I wonder if I couldjust c h e c ka f e w t h i n g s ? rr Yes,of course What'sthe referencenumber for your tour? : : U m o h y e s , h e r e i t i s , i t ' s3 3 4 5 1 6 A : 3 3 4 5 1 6 O K t h e R i v e rT h a m e st,w o - d a y t o u r H o w c a n I h e l py o u t h e n ? T : W e l l ,f i r s t ,t h e d e p a r t u r e t i m e- w h a t t i m e d o e st h e b o a ta c t u a l l ys e t o f f f r o m K i n g s t o n ? A : N i n eo ' c l o c k M , o n d a ym o r n i n gB u t w e a s k y o u t o a r r v e a b o u tf i f t e e nm j n u t e sb e f o r e that T : F i n e S o w e s e t o f f a t n i n e ,a n d h o w l o n gd o w e h a v ea t H a m p t o nC o u r t ? A : A b o u tf o u r h o u r s- t h e b o a ts t o p sa t H a m p t o nC o u r ta r o u n dt e n t h i r t ya n d y o u s p e n da b o u tf o u r h o u r st h e r e .i n c l u d i n g l u n c h T h e nt h e t o u r c a r r i e so n t o R i c h m o n d a n d K e w G a r d e n si n t h e a f t e r n o o n T: Oh, that soundsgreat What aboutthat e v e n i n g ?F i r s t w , h a t t i m e d o w e a r r i v ea t t h e hotel? A: At aboutfive thirty T : A n d a r et h e r ea n y p l a n sf o r t h e e v e n i n g ? A : Y e s ,t h e r e ' sa w a l k i n gt o u r a r o u n dt h e l o c a l area lt startsoff at the hoteland carrieson a r o u n dt h e t o w n l h e w a l k s t a r t sa t s e v e n t h i r t yb u t i L ' so p t i o n a-l s o j u s t r e l 't l - e g r i d e if you want to go or not T : F i n e l ' m m e e t i n ga f r i e n df o r d i n n e rt h a t n i g h t ,s o I t h i n kl ' l l m i s st h a t A : N o p r o b l e m l t ' s e n t i r e l yo p t i o n a l T: What aboutthe next day? A: Weil, oe Tuesday,you set off agai'rat ten o ' c l o c ka n dt h e t o u r t a k e sy o u t h r o u g ht h e heartof London You go past manyfamous s i t e s :t h e H o u s e so f P a r l i a m e nTt ,a t e M o d e r n ,S h a k e s p e a r eG' sl o b eT h e a t r e t h e y ' r ea l l l i s t e di n y o u r b r o c h u r e T : Y e s ,t h a n ky o u J u s t o n e m o r et h i n g A: Yes,of course T : W h a t t i m e d o e st h e t o u r f i n i s h ?l ' m g o i n gt o t h e t h e a t r et n t h e e v e n l n gi a l r e a d yh a v et h e r i c l . e t sa n d J d o n ' rw a n t t. o b e a t e , t s t a r r sa t e i g h to ' c l o c k A : Y o u ' lbl e f i n e T h e t o u r f i n i s h east T o w e r Bridge,at five thirty T : W e l l ,t h a t ' sa l l T h a n k sf o r y o u r h e l p A : N o t a t a l l E n j o yy o u rt r i p -:
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Lessonl8 Hr:w politeare you? Hxercise? A : C o u i dy o u t u r n d o w n y o u r m u s i c T B: Yes,of course Sorry A : W o u l dy o u m r n dt u r n i n gy o u r m u s l c d o w n ,p l e a s e ? B : N o , o f c o u r s en o t A : T u r nt h e m u s i cd o w n a b i t B: OK A : D o y o u m i n d i f I t u r n m y m u s i co n ? B: Notat all
L e s s o n1 9 G o i n ga l o n e Fxercis*I l ' d m i s s o t h e rp e o p l et o o m u c h i f I t o o k p a r t in the race 2 H e ' dg o o u t m o r e i f h e k n e w m o r e p e o p l e 3 l ' d p h o n eh i m i f I k n e w h i s n u m b e r , 4 l f J o h nw e r e h e r e ,l ' d a s k h i m a b o u tt h e weeKend l f I w a s n ' ts c a r e do f s m a l ls p a c e s l,' d u s e t h e lift P e o p l ew o u l da w a y s u n d e r s t a n m d e if I s p o k eE n g l i s hv e r y w e l l
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f o r w o r l a n ds o o . , b u t l ' v ej u s r b o l g h r m y s e l fa n e w b l a c ks u i ta n d I f e e l m u c h m o r e d e c i s i v ew h e n I w e a r i t R e a L l yY?e s ,b l a c kd o e s o o k v e r y p r o ' e s so n a S o h o w a b o u tt i d y ' n gy o . t . home and workplaceeveryday are you a t i d y p e r s o nG r a h a m ? N o t a t a l l ,n o l N o w t h a t i s s o m e t h i n gl ' m g o i n gt o r r y a n d d o ' v e a ' e a d y c e a n e o- p m y d e s ka t w o r k , i t r e a l l yh e l p e dm e c o n c e n r " a lbeu r ' ' m a f r a i dI h a v e n ' ts r a r r e d on the houseyet You see l've got two young k ds, and my wife works too, so it's p r e t t yh a r dt o k e e pt h i n g st i d y T h a n k sG r a h a mS o l i s t e n e r sw, h a t d o y o u t h i n k ?H a sF e n gS h u iw o r k e df o r y o u ?D o y o u b e i e v ei n i t ? C a l lu s n o w o n 0 8 9 0 - 7 3 3 7 3 3 a n dt e l l u s y o u rv i e w s
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I neverfind my time in bed a wasted o p p o r t u n r !t y W e l l ,i f i n d a t e n - m i n u t en a pi n t h e a f t e r n o o n g i v e sm e m o r e e n e r g yt h a na n e x t r ah o u ri n b e d a t n i g h t Y o uo u g h tt o t r y i t O K L a - r a ,i n y o u ' b o o l , y o u , l . n , a l s os a y t h a t w e u s e t o o m u c ht e c h n o l o g y T h a t ' sr i g h t ,w e s h o u l d n 'fto r g e tt h a t t e c h n o l o g iys f o r s a v r n ge n e r g yn, o t w a s t i n g i t W e s h o ud a l l s p e n dl e s st i m e a t t h e computer Youseem to want less of everythingl In many ways, I do, yes Takethe work w e e k ,a r d I k - o w t h s w i i l s o L n ds t a n g e , b u t I s a yw e s h o u l dw o r k s h o r t e rh o u r s r i t h m a n yp e o p l e T h a tc o u l db e p o p u l aw Of courseeveryonewants to be successful, b u t p e o p l ew h o w o r k t h e o n g e s th o u r sh a v e m o r es t r e s s ,a n d s o , a c h i e v el e s s Y o u rp o s i t i o nt,h e n ,i s t h a t l e s si s m o r e ? Exactly a n d I s u p p o s ey o u ' r eg o i n gt o t e l u s t h a t w e e a t t o o m u c h ,t o o ? Mmm m o n k e y sa r e h e a l t h i ewr h e n t h e y e a t h a l ft h e i rn o r m a ld i e t f i t w o r k sf o r t h e m , p e r h a p sw e c o u l dt r y r t t o o ? A l t h o u g hw e ' r e n o t m o n k e y sa, r ew e ? L a u r a , s o r r yt o s t o py o u l ' d i k et o t a l k m o r e b u t w e a p p e a tr o h a v el e s st i m e t h a n I t h o u g h t L a u r aE v a n st,h a n ky o u f o r s p e n d i n gt i m e w i t h u s A n d n o w f o r s o m em o r e m u s i c
Good morningand welcome Io ehangrng Culturesour weekly ook at ideasand beliefs f r o m a r o u n dt h e w o r l d ,O n l a s tw e e k ' s p r o g r a m m eG , r a h a mF o r d ,a c o m p u t e r a r a y s r f ' o m I o ^ d o n ,a g " e e dl o t r y o u t s o m e o f t h e i o e a sb e h n d F e n gS l - u i W e t c o r n e b a c kG r a h a m T h a n k s l t ' s n i c et o b e h e r e S o G r a h a mh o w d i d y o u g e t o n ? H a sy o u r l j f e c h a n g e da t a l l ? W e l , I d o n ' tt h i n k F e n gS h u ih a s c h a n g e dm y l i f e N o t y e t a n y w a y !B u t l ' v e a l r e a d yt r e d o n e o r t w o o f t h e i d e a sf r o m t h e a r t i c l eF o r ev:mnla l'rro irrct errrtorl r rJ n " l n g e v e r y m o r n i n ga n d I f e e l a w h o e l o t b e t t e r ! W e | ' i t n e s s n s t ' u c t o r sn a v ah o o nt a ' l n ^ r c t o d o t h i sf o r y e a r s l Y e a h t, h a t ' st r u e l W h a t a b o u ts o m e o f t h e m o r e u n u s u a l i d e a s ?r t s a y sn e r et r a t f i s h o r : n gg o o d u c k H a v ey o u b o u g h ta n y f i s h y e t T W e l l a c L u ayl. I a l r e a d yo w n e da c o u p l eo ' g o l d f i s hb, u t t h e y ' v en e v e rb r o u g h tm e m u c h I u c k lS e r i o u s ltyh o u g h ,I t h i n ks o m e o f t h e r d e a sr n F e n gS h u ia r e r e a l l yi n t e r e s t i n gT h i s t h i n ga b o u tw e a r i n gg r e y ,f o r e x a m p l eI usuallywear a lot of grey clothes,you know,
Lesson20 What'sin the fridgei Exer*is* 4 T = T a k a n o r iG = G a b r i e l a T: 1nmy kitcheneverythingis extremelywello r g a n i s e dM y f r i d g e s v e r y m o d e r , n andhit e c h l t ' s n o t q u i t eb i g e n o u g hs o l ' m p l a n n r ntgo g e t a l a r g e ro n e What do 1keep in my fridge?Wel , there's u s u a l l ys e a f o o de, s p e c i a l lrya w f i s h t o m a k e s u s h i- a n d I a l w a y sh a v ea g o o ds e l e c t i o no f fresh vegetabes Most of the food is J a p a n e s eb, u t I h a v es o m ef o r e i g nt h i n g st o o f o " e x a m p l eI, a l w a y s. e e p a o o r t l eo f g o o d F r e n c hw i n e Y o uc a n ' ta f f o r dt o s t a n ds t i l li n t h i s b u s i n e s s , y o u k n o w a l w a y sm a k i n gt h e s a m ed i s h e s T h a t ' sw h y i ' v e d e c i d e dt o v i s i ts o m e o t h e r c o u n t r i e st ,o g e t n e w i d e a s B u t w h e n I g o , I won't waste time sightseeing,l'il try out new f o o d I n f a c t ,I h o p et o f i n d s o m e i n t e r e s t i n g , n e w K o r e a na n d C h i n e s er e c i p e sM y l i f e i s v e r y b u s yy o u k n o w a n d Lw o r k o n g h o u r s s o , w h e n I h a v ea f r e e e v e n i n g- a n d t h a t ' s not very often - | spendtinnerelaxingwith f r i e n d so r w a t c h i n gm o v i e s ,n e v e rc o o k i n g l
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m o r e P o s hS p i c e ,a n d h e rf a m o u sf o o t b a L l e r h u s b a n dD , a vd B e c k h a mt,o g e t h e rw i t h t h e i r s o n B r o o k l y na, r er e g u l a r lfye a t u r e di n n e w s p a p e ras n d m a g a z i n easl l o v e rt h e world S o w h a t d o y o u t h i n k ?A r e t h e y t a l e n t e d ? A r e t h e y r e a l l ys t a r s ?O r a r et h e y t h e c r e a t i o no f c e v e rm a n a g e r st ,a l e n t e d t e d i am a n i p u l a t i o n ? songwritera s n d b r i l l i a nm F o rm e , t h e y ' r ep r e t t yy o u n gw o m e n b u t without much ta ent They are starswho are m a d eb y o t h e r s A n d d e s p i t et h e i rs u c c e s s , h o w l o n gc a nt h e S p i c eG i d s a s t ?W h e r ea r e they now as you listento this?
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ff;;+,*rise S G = G r a n d m o t h e rF = F r i e n d W = Weatherman 'Red G : T h e r e ' sa n o l d s a y i n g , skyat night, s l ^ e p h e r dd ' se l i g h t R e os n y i r t h e r r o r n i r g , ' s h e p h e r d 'w s a r n i n g N o w t h e s k yw a s v e r y r e dt h i s m o r n i n gs, o i t ' sa w a r n i n gt h a t t h e r e w i l l b e r a i n I f e e l s u r ea b o u tt h i s b e c a u s e t h e c o w s a r e l y i n gd o w n i n t h e f i e d s t o o , a n dt h a r ' sa n o r h e s u r es g r o f w e r w e a r h e ' S o i t ' l l r a i nf o r m o s t o f t h e d a y I ' m s o n y aboLtthat You'll ust tsaveto l^avethe party i n s i d el ' m s u r ei t ' l b e n i c e F : W e l l ,I t h i n kw e h a v et o t r y a n d l i s t e nt o o u r f e e l i n g sl f y o u w a n t t o t r y a n d p r e d i c t h e weather,wel , you need to listento your b o d ya n dy o u r d r e a m s D r e a m sc a n r e a l l yt e l l u s a l o t l ' v e b e e nd r e a m i n ga b o u tt h e c o l o u r b l u ea l o t r e c e n r l yT l ' a t ' su s u ayl a g o o d s i g n A n d a s i n i g h tI w a s l y i n go n a t r o p i c abl e a c h I t f e l t v e r yw a r m , a n dt h e r ew e r e b l u es k i e s A n d t h a t c a n m e a no n l yo n e t h i n g- l o t so f w a r m w e a t h e ra n d s u n s h i n eT r u s tm e , l ' m neverwrong W : G o o de v e n i n gT h e w e a t h e rf o r i o m o r r o wi s l o o k i n gv e r yc h a n g e a b l eT h e r e ' sc o l d w e a t h e rc o m i n gd o w n f r o m C a n a d aa n d t h e r e ' l lb e r a i na n d s t r o n gw i n d s i n t h e n e x t 2 4 h o t r s A n o i f w e . o o
o n e t h l n g is u n s h i n eW e l l ,I g u e s sI w a s wrong but nobody'sperfect S : T h ew e a t h e r m a nw a s r i g h tw h e n h e s a i dl t w a s l o o k i n gc h a n g e a b l eH e s a i dt h a t t h e r e ' d b e r a i na n dw i n d s i n t h e f o l l o w i n g2 4 h o u t s , a n d t h a tt h u n d e r s t o r mws e r e o n t h e w a y H e also predictedthat cold weatherwas coming d o w n f r o m t h e n o r t h i t h i n kw e s h o ud h a v e listenedto the weather reportafter all
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h i m a b o u to n c ea m o n t h ,e i t h e rf o r a d r i n ki n t h e e v e n r n go r s o m e t i m e si n t h e p a r k Y e s , w e ' v e b e e ng o i n gt o t h e p a r kf o r a l o n g time now R : l ' v e k n o w nJ a m e sf o r a b o u t5 5 y e a r s W e first met when he movedto my town He w e n t t o a d i f f e r e nst c h o o lb u t w e b e c a m e f r i e n d sb e c a u s eh e l i v e dn e x t d o o rt o m e W e ' v e k n o w ne a c ho t h e rs i n c et h e n ,b u t w e h a v e n ' tk e p t i n t o u c ha l lt h a t t i m e w e l o s t contactwith eachother when I movedto S c o t l a n di n t h e 1 9 7 0 sf o r m y j o b I didn't g o t o J a m e s 'w e d d i n g ,b u t h e c a m et o m i n e , A n d n o w ?W e l l ,l ' v e b e e n l i v i n gh e r ei n '99, B . i g h t o ns i n c e a n dt h e s ed a y sI s e e J a m e sa b o u to n c ea w e e k , u s u a l l yi n t h e p a r kw h e r e I w a l k m y d o g ,o r i n t h e p u b f o r l u n c hw i t h a n o t h e fr r i e n dt h a t w e ' v e k n o w n f n r a h o r r t+h e s a m el e n o hf 6 f r i m e W e haven'tbeen doingthat for very long but it's good to get all of us together Fxcrr:iec E 1 We've known them for more than twenty years 2 S h e ' sw o n t h e c o m p e t i t i o fno r t h e l a s tf i v e years 3 H a v ey o u v i s i t e dy o u r g r a n d m o t h esri n c eh e r accident?
l,-e*son38 **n'l worr'y',b* lappy Er*rcise 4' W=Woman M=Man W : A h , g o o dm o r n i n g E x c u s em e , S i r M: Yes ? W: We're doing a survey M : S o r r y ,I c a n ' ts t o p ,l ' m i n a h u r r y W : J u s t a m i n u r eo f y o u rt i m e t ottime M : B u t I r e a l r yn a v e n ' g 'happiness' W : l t w o n ' t t a k e l o n g W e ' r e d o t n ga s u r v e y tj o f i n d o u t h o w h a p p yp e o p l et h i n k theY ar-' M: Well, if it's very,very quick , o u l dy o u m i n dt e l l i n gm e W : T h a n ky o u F i r s t w i f y o u ' v ee v e rs e e nt h e d o c t o ra b o u tb e r n g depressed? V : O - , t l ^ a t ' sa v e r y p e r s o n aol u e s t i o ni,s nt i T ? U m m , I t h i n kl ' d r a t h e rn o t s a y , W : Y e s ,o f c o u r s e R g h t w e l l ,c o u l dy o u t e l l m e w h i c hy o u w o ' r y a b o L tm o r e- h e a l t ho r money? M : O h n o , l ' d p r e f e rn o t t o a n s w e rt h a t o n e either Look,if these are the kindsof q u e s t i o n su, m , I t h i n k l ' l l W : N o , n o , n o , t h e o t h e r sa r e d i f f e r e n tW h a t a b o u tn u m b e rt h r e e ?C a nI a s k i f y o u a r e married? M: Yes,I am W: And, er, can I ask you how you feel about y o u rm a r r i a g e ? M : W e l ' , l ' m v e r y p l e a s e dw i t h . n y n a r r : a g e , a c t u a l lIy W : T h a t ' sn i c e ,a n d n e x t u m , l ' d l i k et o k n o w h o w y o u f e e l a b o u ty o u rj o b , M : W e l l ,l ' m g l a dt o h a v ea j o b , b u t I d o w o r r y a b o u ti t s o m e t l m e s W: Aha And can I ask you what exactlyyou worry about? 'ate Oh no, M : W e l . ,I w o r r y m o s t ,a b o u tb e n g l o o ka t t h e t i m e l N o w I a m l a t et h a n k st o youl Goodbye W : S o r y T h a n ky o u f o r y o u -- e r - t i r r e Exerci*e * l ' d l i k et o k n o w i f y o u ' r eg e n e r a l lay n optimisticperson 2 C a l a s k i f y o . ra r e h a p p yw i t h y o u rj o b ? 3 C o u l dy o u t e l l m e i f y o u w o k e u p i n a g o o d m o o dt h i s m o r n i n g ? 4 l ' d l i k et o k n o w h o w y o u ' d r e a c ti f s o m e o n e d a m a g e dy o u r c a r 5 W o u l dy o u m i n dt e l l i n gm e h o w y o u ' df e e l a b o u tw l n n i n gt h e l o t t e r y ? 6 C o u l dy o u t e l l m e i f y o u w o r r y a b o u tg e t t i n g old? 7 C a n I a s ky o u i f y o u i k e a n s w e r i n gp e r s o n a l questions? 1
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"l 1 N/y father rs a cook in a restaurant 2 t ' l l b e a t h r e e - c o u r sdei n n e r s: o u p ,m e a t a n oo e s s e r T 3 W h a t t l m e d o y o u h a v ey o u r b i g g e s tm e a of the day? 4 M y s i s t e r s a v e g a r ,s o s h e d o e s ' ' r e ' rd. 1 eggs 5 Y o us h o u L a d l w a y sk e e pi c e c r e a mi n t h e freezer 6 | - s e d t o o e a v e q e r aar ' . o u r r o w I e a r m e a t a n df s h 7 P u t t h e c a r r o t s! n w a t e r a n d b o l lt h e m f o r ten minutes !: 1 eating 2 to buy 3 smoking 4 to pass 5 playng6 tohave 7 tocLearup B interrupting '1 ii talking 2 to go 3 smoking 4 saying 5 golng 6 watching 7 to meet I to be 9 to make 'j'l i
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I miqht not take the exam this year. l ' m s u r ey o u w i l l i k e t h e n e w j o b | d o u b ti f h e ' l la r r i v el a t e , H e d o e s n ' t h i n ki t ' l l r a i nt o m o r r o w We won't qo without you | e x p e c tl ' l l g o b y t r a i n J o h n m i g h tb e l a t et o d a y l ' l l b e a s c i e n t i sot r a d o c t o r H e m i g h tg o s k i i n gt h i s y e a r M y b o s sw o n ' t c a n c e tl h e m e e t i n g A n n e m a y b e a b l et o h e l py o u | m i g h tg o o n s t u d y i n gE n g l i s h H e m a y p h o n et h e d o c t o rt o d a y T h e j o b c o u J ds t a r to n M o n d a y
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H i , i t ' sA n a C a n I s p e a kt o R i t a l ' m a f r a i ds h e ' sn o t h e r ea t t h e m o m e n t Can I leavea message,please? Yes,of course H e l l o ,l ' d l i k er o s p e a kr o t l . e m a ' r a g e r , please H o l do n , l ' l l s e e i f h e ' sh e r e W h o ' s s p e ak i n g ? I t ' sJ u n F u j i l ' m r e t u r n i n gh i s c a l l ' l l t r y a n d p u t y o u t h r o u g hn o w l ' m a f r a i dt h e l i n e ' sb u s ya t t h e m o m e n t I n t h a t c a s e ,l ' l l c a l lh i m b a c kl a t e r
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27 Achievernenl " Across6 : c e r t i fc a r e 7 p r i z e I e x a m i n a r i o r D o w ^ i n . o . e c t 2 a m hr i o n 3 s k i l l 4 doctor 5 device ;i 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 I ii 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
t o a c h i e v ea n a m b i t i o n to receivea certificate to win a prize t o r e v i s ef o r a n e x a m i n a L i o n to train to be a doctor t o d e v e l o pa s k i l l to inventa device to solve a problem 've been p aying H a v ey o u r e a c h e d 's b e e nc o o k i n g 's made 've been trying 've been going H a v ey o u b e e nr u n n i n g
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2 1 I 2 d 3 e 4 a 5 c 6 o
29 Shakinghancls
3 1 | don't haveto get up earlyon Saturday 2 Y o us h o u l dt r y t o r e m e m b e frr i e n d s ' birthdays 3 W e m u s t n ' tc o p yo t h e rs t u d e n t sa' n s w e r si n
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4 You don't haveto pay for librarybooks 5 | haveto do more homework 6 Y o um u s t n ' td r i n ka n d d r i v e
2 6 S i xa n da h e l fh o u r s I
126
1 , are carefullytimed 2 | h a da r e a l l yg o o dt i m e a t r h e o f i c e p a r t y 3 | think sittingin a trafficlam is a waste ql trme 4 | love havingtime off, when I don't haveto go to work 5 Bythe time I get home 6 | alwaysarrivefor work on time
'l 3 s t a y e dw i t h S a n d r al a s tn i g h t' 'We 4 c a n ' tc o m et o t h e m e e t i n gt o m o r r o w ' t
1 They saidthey were very happywith the hotel room 2 S h et o l d m e s h e w o u l d b e g l a dw h e n l t w a s a l lf i n i s h e d 3 He told us we couldstart the racewhen he s a i d" G o " 4 They saidthey were goingto leavethe next d a y/ t h e d a y a f t e ri t h e f o l l o w i n gd a y
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left; had been living m i s s e d ;h a d b e e nl o o k i n g h a d b e e nh o p i n g r; a r n e d h a db e e ns t a n d i n gf;o u n d h a db e e ne x p e c t i n ga; r r i v e d
3 2 C l e e n6 n dt i d y t
t housework;tidy 2 messy 3 w a s h i n g d; i s h e s 4 v a c u u md ; ust '1 = but today I cut mvself 2 S h ew a s h e da n dw e n t o u t , 3 they reallyenloyedthemselves 4 l i g h t st u r n t h e m s e l v e so f f a t m i d n l g h t 5 correct 6 Do you ever talk to yourself? = 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Did you haveit delivered? No, actually I cookedit myself D i dy o u m a k et h e m t o o ? N o , I h a dt h e m m a d e Do you deveiopthe photosyourself? S h a l lI h a v eo n e s e n tt o y o u r r o o m ? No, I can get it myself Y o Jc a nd o i t y o u r s e l 'o, r I c a n h a v ei t d o n e for you
33 Tonrcrrcw'swoild
i.i1d 29 3e 4a 5c 6f 7b ;t 1 If I get a pay rise next week, l'll buy a new TV 2 l f h e f a i l e dh i s e x a m ,h e w o u l dt a k ei t a g a i n 3 I ' d g o t o t h e p a r t yi f I d i d n ' tf e e l s i c k 4 If it rainstomorrow,I won't walk to work 5 H e ' d s e n dh e r a n e - m a i il f h e k n e w h e r e - m a ia l ddress
2 d B y J u n e 1 4 t hw e w i l l h a v el i v e dh e r ef o r ten years 3e a n dt h e n I w i l l h a v er e a da l l h e r b o o k s 4 a We will haveflown for fourteenhours non-stopby the time thls flight lands 5c s o t h e y w i l l h a v eb e e nm a r r i e df o r 50 years 6b h i st r a i nw i l l h a v er e a c h e dR o m e
30 Sunshineand $howers
1 | will haveworked herefor three years 2 correct 3 we will have known eachother for six mbnths 4 exam !y next July? 5 , I w i I h a v eg o n et o t h e a i r p o r t 6 correct
'tr t heavyrain 2 light showers 3 thick fog 4 b r i g h ts u n s h i n e 5 s t r o n gw i n d 6 heavysnow 7 severethunderstorm irl 1 'l'l inviteyou to my parti-' 'l 2 d o n ' tc a r ew h a t y o u ' v eo o n e
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1 l itchy 2bitten 3stung 4swollen 5 stlngs 6 swelling 7 aches 8 biting 3 1 He saw the bloodand passed9q! immediately 2 H e ' so n n e ' o h e d - h e . l o e s n ' tw a n t t s i s headache t o t u r n i n t o s o m e t h i n gw o r s e 3 correct 4 O h , w h a t a m e s s l H e ' st h r o w nq p a l lo v e r the carpet! 5 correct 6 W h e n h e e a t sp e a n u t sh, s t o ^ g u es w e l l s ,q-p 7 correct 8 H e f e e l st e r r i b l eH e t h i n k sh e ' sc o m i n g d o w nw i t h s o m e t h i n g 9 A fever sometimesmakesyou come q!!4 a sweat
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8 b u s l n e s sp l a n 9 b u s i n e s s , 1 0 o t a : : i ' r g '1 product 1 r.'vife 1 The new marketingdirector,'.,rrhose works in finance,ls arrivingtomorrow 'ife 2 I n r r y t e e r ^ a gyee a r s ,w h e n I r l ' o u g r t was easy,I usedto play sport all day 3 New Orleans,where jazzis very popular,is i n s o u t h e r nU S A 4 My mother,who ls 75 now, had a lovely birthdayparty 5 T h e b a n km a n a g e rw, h o s e n a m e I c a n n e v e r r e m e m b e rw, a n t st o s e e m e o n M o n d a y 6 My mobile,which I alwayshavewith me, keepsme in touch with the office
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3 1 l f ( o n l y )l ' d t a k e ny o u r a d v i c e I. w o u l d n ' t have paidtoo much 2 l f ( o n l y )l ' d t a k e na m a p ;I w o u l d n ' th a v eg o t lost 3 l f ( o n l y s) h e h a d n ' ts w i t c h e dh e r p h o n eo f f , she would havegot my message 4 l f ( o n l y )l ' d t r a v e l l e d f l r s t c l a s s ,I w o u l d n ' t h a v eh a da t e n i b l ef l i g h t 5 l f ( o n l y )I h a d n ' tb e e nr u d et o m y b o s s ,I w o u l d n ' th a v el o s t m y j o b
40 Hcw did it gol 'l
1 qualifications 2 long-termgoals 3 promotion 4 prospects 5 references 6
3 1 c o u l dt h e y h a v eb e e n 2 m i g h th a v em a d e mi^h+
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38 D*n'l \roiry, be happy
s t a t u s 2 g e n e r a t ; o n3 c u l i u r e 4 p e o p l e 5 team 6 family
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l] 1 l've been travellingin Australiasince last week/foraweek 2 H e h a s n ' tr i d d e na b i c y c l es i n c eh e w a s thirteen/ for twelve years o{ 3 H a v ey o u b e e nh e r es i n c et h e b e g i n n i n g the movie? 4 R a u ' sb e e nf e e l i n gi l l f o r t h r e eh o u r s 5 She hasn'tcontactedme for ages 6 T h e y ' v ek n o w ne a c ho t h e rf o r s i x m o n t h s
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1 W o u l dy o u m i n dt e l i n g m e w h e n y o u r birthdayis? 2 C a nI a s ky o u w h a t y o u rw e i g h ti s ? 3 C o ud y o u t e l l m e h o w m u c hy o u e a r n ? 4 | would like to know if you are happy 5 C o u l dy o u t e l l m e h o w . r u c h c o f f e ey o u d r ln k ? 6 W o u l dy o u m i n dt e l l i n gm e i f y o u e a t m e a t ? 1 l ' d l i < et o k n o w i f y o u a r e h a p p yi n y o u r WOTK 2 C o u l dy o u t e l l m e w h a t k e e p sy o u a w a k ea t night? 3 W o u l dy o u m i n dt e l l i n gm e w h a t y o u d o i n the evenings? 4 C a n I a s k y o r h o w m u c hy o u s p e n do n cigarettes? 5 W o u l dy o u m i n dt e l l i n gm e w h a t m a k e sy o u depressed? 6 l ' d l i k et o k n o w i f y o u a r ef r e e a t t h e weekend 7 W o u l dy o u m i n dt e l l i n gm e w h e r ey o u u s u a l l yg o f o r y o u r h o l l d a y s ?
39 lflnly .". ''! '1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
try clotheson browse b u y t h i n g so n i m p u l s e the sales t a k et h i n g sb a c k haggle refund g o w i n d o ws h o p p i n g get a bargain
3 1 would never havemet 2 h a d n ' ts l i p p e d 3 w o u l d n ' th a v eb r o k e n 4 h a d n ' tb r o k e n 5 w o u l d n ' th a v em e t 6 h a db e e n 7 w o u l d n ' th a v el o o k e da f t e r 8 h a d n ' tm e t 9 w o u l d n ' th a v ef a l l e n 1 0 w o u l d n ' th a v eg o t
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