The Marshall Cavendish Illustrated Encyclopedia of World War I - 12

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The Marshall Cavendish illustrated encyclopedia of V/orld V.'ar I. Index,

940,3 I

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MAR 19*^^

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3482

THE MARSHALL CAVENDISH ILLUSTRATED ENCYCLOPEDIA OF

WORLD VOLUME TWELVE

INDEX

THE MARSHALL CAVENDISH ILLUSTRATED ENCYCLOPEDIA OF

WORLD Editor-in-Chief Brigadier Peter

Young

Board Barker; Dr. John Bradley

Editorial

Lt.-Col. A. J.

Professor John Erickson; Lt.-Cdr. Peter

Kemp

John Keegan; Kenneth Macksey; S. L. Mayer Lt.-Col. Alan Sheppard; Norman Stone Revision Editor

Mark Dartford Archbishop Mitty High School Media Center

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MARSHALL CAVENDISH NEW YORK, LONDON, TORONTO

Editorial Staff Young

Editor

Brigadier Peter

Deputy Editor

Kenneth Macksey

Co-ordinating Panel

Lt.-Col. A.

Reference Edition Published 1984 Published by Marshall Cavendish Corporation 147 West Merrick Road

Long

Freeport,

Barker Dr. John Bradley Prof. John Erickson J.

Kemp

Lt.-Cdr. Peter

John Keegan S. L. Mayer Lt.-Col. Alan Sheppard

Norman Stone Military Consultants

Printed and

Bound

in Italy

by L.E.G.O. S.p.a. Vicenza.

No part of this book may be reproduced or any form or by any means electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by an information storage and retrieval system, without permission from the copyright holders. All rights reserved. utilized in

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Capt. Sir Basil Liddell-Hart

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Marshall Cavendish Limited 1984 B.P.C. Publishing 1970 now a Division of Macdonald and

Company

(Publishers) Limited/B.P.C.C.

Barrie Pitt

Executive Elditor

Patrick Scrivener

Assistant Editors

Chris Chant

Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data

Main

Carolyn Rutherford Bruce French Rose Thomson Margaret Burnley

Bibliography: Includes index.

Dunbar Associates

Peter

title:

The Marshall Cavendish encyclopedia of World War One.

1.

Design Consultants

entry under

World War, 1914-1918— Chronology.

D522.5.M39

Liam

Butler

Art Editor

Brigit

Webb

Cartographers

Gatrell

Dunbar, Harison Alan Robertson

John Batchelor

Picture Director

Robert Hunt

(set)

86307 193 7 vol British Library

&

Rees

Cataloguing

I.

Young,

Peter,

Data

1915-

II. Pitt,

Barrie

Mark

Dartford,

D521

940.3

ISBN 0-86307-181-3

New Edition

in Publication

The Marshall Cavendish illustrated encyclopedia of World War One. 1. World War, 1914-1918 III.

Technical Artist

Marshall

83-20879

940.3

1984

ISBN 0-86307-181-3

Art Director

I.

Cavendish Corporation.

(set)

86307 193 7 vol

Contents of Volume 12

Staff

Revision Editor

Mark Dart ford

Editorial Consultants

Randal Gray David Rosser-Owen

Project Executive

Robert Paulley

Designer

Trevor Vertigan

Indexers

F

Production Manager

Dennis Hovell

Production Assistant

Richard Churchill

&K

Gill

3533 The

A,

War

J.

in Perspective

P. Taylor

3552 1914-1919: A Brief Chronology Christopher Chant 3558 Bibliography Index Glossary of Terms List of Contributors

^^^""

SPECTIVE

To contemporaries the war which began in August 1914 and ended with the armistices of autumn 1918 was quite simply the Great War — an experience without parallel, eclipsing all previous wars and, it was hoped, the last war of all time. The combatants were far more numerous than ever before; the dead and mutilated correspondingly numerous also. The material destruction was staggering both on the battlefields and in the general loss of national wealth. All the Great Powers of Europe were involved. The United States of America intervened in European affairs for the first time. The war extended into Asia and Africa. Naval engagements took place in the South Atlantic and the Pacific. The Great War shook monarchs off their thrones, destroyed four great empires, endangered the existing social order and

sometimes brought it to the ground. The old landmarks disappeared. General Smuts declared: 'Mankind has struck its tents and is on the march.' Men of the time felt that they were adrift on an uncharted sea, with the old days of security gone for ever. How does the Great War appear 50 years after, when mankind has experienced a second war, more truly worldwide and even more destructive in its effects? Has the Great War become merely another historical episode, a war much like any other? Certainly it has passed into history. The survivors are now elderly men, nearly all

them living in retirement. President de Valera and Marshal Inonii of Turkey are

of

among

the few exceptions. The physical of war have all healed without apparently leaving any hasting scar, although the death toll was enormous. The British Empire lost a million dead. France lost a million and a half and Germany a million and three-quarters. Russia lost more than all the other combatants put together. But there has been no permanent effect. No country was diminished for generations as Germany was by the Thirty

wounds

'And when the

summons was Unshaken

in our ears

shrill

trust

we

in our

rose,

and then Flung but a backward glance, and care-free still

Went strongly forth

.' .

.

Above: The war on the Eastern Front swiftly became grim reality. Plans to divert German forces bound for the West failed when Russian armies were defeated at Tannenberg on August 29,

1914

Years War. No community was obliterated as many were by the barbarian invasions centuries earlier, (^.ermany, (Jreat Britain and France did not fall out of the ranks of the Great Powers, as Sweden and Holland had done after wars in previous centuries. Every country wliich took part in the (ireat War has now a larger population than it had in 1911 The material destruction was also soon overcome. Though great, it was limited in area — north-eastern France, parts of Poland and Serbia, a remote corner of Italy. All this was restored within ten years, if not on the highest aesthetic standard. The actual loss of economic resources was also temporary. Economists calculate that the combatants 'wasted" fen years of

economic

effort.

By 1924 most European

countries had surpassed the level of 1914. Even Russia, devastated also by revolution and famine, reached that level by 1927. But immediately afttM- the war this recovery seemed to be far in the future. Most nuMi imagined that their countries had

nriXi

come near

to ruin. Their most pressing problem was: 'How shall we ever pay for the war?' This was a misleading question. Every country had paid for the war while it was being fought, in the sense that the munitions had been produced and the armies sustained without economic collapse, except in Russia. But the governments had not paid for the war out of taxa-

They had paid for it out of loans. Even the British government only met 28% of the war bill from taxation. War debts seemed crushing in every country. So far as these were internal, owed by governments to their own citizens, they were tion.

merely book-keeping transactions. Governments could pay the full interest on the loans from taxation as happened in Great Britain. They could lessen the burden by depreciating the currency as happened in France. They could repudiate the loans by destroying the currency altogether as the German government did. The real national wealth of capital equipment — factories, railways, houses — was unaffected. Even maintaining the loans in full only meant that the poor paid tribute to the rich for the privilege of having been allowed to fight and die. Debts from one country to another were a different matter. All the former Allies owed enormous sums to the United States. These war debts caused bitterness for many years until they were virtually repudiated in the early 1930's. The real economic significance of the war came from

3534

the fact that European countries, especially Great Britain, had drawn on their overseas investments in order to meet their bills. It was even supposed that Great Britain had ceased to be a creditor country. This was far from the truth. Great Britain still had vast investments overseas and more than replaced those she had lost during the l-ast few years. Her decline as the financial centre of the world came from causes which had little to do with the war.

The United

States, for example, was already a far greater industrial power than Great Britain, war or no war. Great Britain was saddled with out-of-date industries. Other countries were becoming industrialised and had less need for British goods. The war simply accelerated the process. Here was a problem which is always recurring: the world was changing at a great rate, and men blamed the war for changes which had little to do with it. As often happens, war accelerated the changes. It did not cause them. This was true also in political affairs.

Sociologists make great play nowadays with the 'participation' factor. Men, it is said, were drawn into contact with the state as they had never been before. Politicians had to address a wider audience and

remember that they could not succeed without popular support. This was undoubtedly the case. Millions of men were to

drafted as soldiers into the service of the state where previously they had hardly been aware of its existence. Whatever the

machinery of coercion, they had in the last resort to be persuaded. Hence public opinion became more important. The instruments for affecting it were still crude. Newspapers were virtually the only means of spreading information or propaganda, and most of them did not reach a wide readership. In Great Britain, for example, only the Daily Mail had what would now be called a mass circulation, and that, at something over one million, would seem derisory nowadays. Statesmen could address the public only at political meetings, bellowing their case without the aid of a microphone. Thus, though everyone was affected by the war, only a minority received any direct information of what it was about, either in the newspapers or at public meetings. Political affairs were still decided by the group at the top — members of parliament, themselves often ill-informed, and above them the closed circle of ministers with a few of them exercising the real power. The essential difference was that statesmen had now to succeed or at least to give the impression of doing so. It is sometimes said that the war shook men's faith in governments. This is a half-truth. Where governments ran the war badly, their prestige was shaken or destroyed. This happened most obviously in Russia and Austria-Hungary and to some extent in

Where governments appeared to Italy. run the war reasonably well, respect for them went up. Great Britain was more stable politically after the war than it had

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l
have a rendezvous with Death At some disputed barricade, When Spring comes back with rusthng shade 'I

And apple-blossoms fill the air I

have a rendezvous with Death'

/.eff.'Tirolean Ka/ser/ager

of

troops

Limanowa, an action which,

in

Galicia rest before the battle a rallying counterattack by the

in

Austrians, effectually halted the Russian advance on Buda Pest. Above: As howitzer shells explode over their heads, soldiers run for cover

'??

3536

been before

it. In 1926 the social order could face the challenge of a general strike without the slightest tremor — an achievement impossible to imagine earlier. The

German government

also

enhanced

its

standing by the efficiency with which it ran the war, although with defeat this gain was rapidly cancelled. Hence the confusion

when governments swung from extreme weakness to excessive

of German politics later,

power — both the legacies of war.

'Advance to democracy'

New elements were certainly drawn into the political community. In the advanced industrial countries trade unions became involved in governmental affairs where previously they had been solely instruments of opposition. Socialists, who had been regarded as revolutionaries, became ministers or the unofficial advisers of governments. At the outbreak of war Sir Edward Grey had exclaimed, as if it were the ultimate horror: 'We shall have Labour governments everywhere after this.' So it proved, but not in the way that Grey expected. Socialists often came to power. But instead of carrying through a revolution, they became pillars of the existing order. In Germany, for example, the Social Democrats took over the governearlier

ment

at the Armistice in close alliance with the army leaders and thus saved the Reich. In Great Britain, Ramsay MacDonald, erstwhile opponent of the war, became later the most orthodox of George

V's Prime Ministers. Ostensibly the advance to democracy was completed. Universal male suffrage was established after the war in every European country except Hungary and Monaco. Defeat brought ruin politically, though not financially, to many European monarchs. The German Emperor lost his throne, and every lesser German king or grand duke along with him. The Emperor of Austria and the Sultan of Turkey lost their empires as well as their thrones. The Emperor of Russia lost both throne and life. Before the war there were only two republics in Europe, or,. if we count the Swiss confedera-

tion which did not call itself a republic, three. After the war there were twelve,

and even where kings survived they had to operate within democratic constitutions. But only in Russia was the old governing class completely swept away. Elsewhere those who had ruled before continued to do so. In some parts of Europe there was a more serious social change. Before the war great estates had been the rule in all Europe east of the Elbe. Now many of these estates were broken up. In Russia the landowners were expropriated without compensation and often

lost their lives as well. In Czechoslovakia, Rumania and to a lesser extent Yugoslavia, there was a land reform which got rid of the great estates more painlessly. The aristocracy disappeared. Instead there came peasant politicians who changed the character of politics. Aristocrats survived in Poland,

Hungary and even in supposedly demoGermany. A second world war was

cratic

needed

to get rid of them.

Democracy was one of the catchphrases with which the Allies fought the war. Nationalism or. in the phrase of the time, self-determination was the other. Strictly speaking they were not synonymous. Selfdetermination might only mean that men

should be free to choose the state they lived in, not that every nationality had a right to independence, and this is probably what President Wilson had in mind when he launched the idea. In practice nationalism was supposed to have triumphed in 1918. This was not really true. Only the defeated peoples — Germans. Hungarians, Bulgarians — had national states virtually without minorities. The new states which established themselves as Allies were national conglomerations. The Poles comprised only two-thirds of the population of Poland, and the Rumanians were little better off in Rumania. The Czechs and Serbs were minorities in the two states — Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia — where they constituted the governing nation. The real political change produced by the war was that men were now loyal to a nation where previously they had been loyal to a King or Emperor. Monarchy lost

much vived.

of its prestige even where it surTerritorially the greatest change,

transforming the political map from Switzerland to th6 Persian Gulf, was the disappearance of the Habsburg and Otto-

man

empires. The Habsburg Monarchy

—

sometimes called merely The Empire, sometimes Austria, and latterly AustriaHungary— had existed in greatness for longer than the Roman Empire in the West. The Ottoman Empire had continued for 450 years the Roman Empire in the East which had existed for a millennium. Now both were dismembered. Vienna and Constantinople dwindled from imperial capitals into relatively provincial towns.

of the Ottoman Ema reminder that the effects of the Great War were not confined to Europe, were indeed greater outside Europe. The

The disappearance

pire

is

new European

states,

though nationalistic,

continued the political habits of earlier

The way of life in. say, Prague or Warsaw was not much changed for the ordinary citizen: the same money, the same occupations, the same newspapers. In Asia the Great War brought a deeper times.

revolution. Politically there was a vacuum. Allies tried to fill it in two different ways. Theoretically they gave the benefits of national freedom as they had done in Europe. So-called national states were set up — Syria, Transjordan. Iraq. In fact there was no national feeling, at best a vague pro-Arab sentiment which extended acioss the new frontiers. The political habits of Europe were superficially adopted just as the Arab leaders wore European clothes. The underlying reality was unchanged. These states were a fa^adt^ loi' tlu- practical Allied policy of translbrming tlu> former Ottoman Empire into Mntish and French colonies, thinly disgui.sed as mandates. The French canied off Syria, much to the distaste of its inhabitants. Tlu> Hrilish took the rest: the Empire stretched from Egypt to the frontiers of India, richly endowed with oil. The British were particularly ingenious in Palestine. They undertook the duty of est alii ishing tluMi> a national home for the .lews, thus barring the French (rom proximity to the Sue/. Canal. Two legacies followed. The Middle East, as it was now called, became the key-point of British imperial stra(i>gy for more than a geiuM'atioii ami thus shaped (he events of (he Second World \V;u'. Much of Palestine developed, in time, from a -Jewish national home in(o a Jewish national s(a(e and (bus inserted Israel

The

wrvM

Arab world. All the problems of the Middle East at the present day spring from the settlement of 1919. The British and, to a lesser extent, the French empires reached their zeniths outside Europe in 1919. In Europe their jKJsition was diminished. This was hardly perceived in 1919 when they stood out as victors, but it became clear in the following years. The European balance of power had not merely shifted against them. It had ceased to exist. Before the war there had been three Great Powers east of the Rhine — Germany, Austria-Hungary and Russia. Now Austria-Hungary had vanished, and Russia had ceased to count. France could no longer find effective allies to set against Germany, though she made a pretence of doing so with the new states. In 1919 the peacemakers tried to solve the problem of German power, or at any rate to postpone into the

Jit 7 Jiff 'Dim steel-shadowed forms with foaming bows

Wind up in the Narrows towards GaUipoli. No colour breaks this tongue of barren land

Save where a group of huddled tents gleams white; Before me ugly shapes like spectres stand,

And wooden crosses cleave the

waning

light'

by imposing strict limits on German armaments. This was a contradictory arrangement. The victors were able to impose disarmament on Germany because they were temporarily the stronger. But they imposed this disarmament because it,

they, particularly the French, recognised that this superiority wouldn't last.

Britannia overruled France's position was diminished in Europe. That of Great Britain was diminished in the outer world, although this was perhaps not apparent in 1919. Great Britain had then an army of continental size, which was probably the best fighting force in the world. The Dominions, the colonies and India had all rallied to the British side, and in 1919 it was believed, mistakenly, that the machinery of imperial unity had been permanently strengthened. At the end of the war Great Britain had

added new territories to an Empire which was already the greatest the world had ever known. There was one great flaw: Britannia no longer ruled the waves, as she had done for the previous 200 years. This was the consequence of America's entry into the war in 1917. There were other consequences of course. Intervention by the United States helped to secure Allied victory in 1918. President Wilson attended the Peace Con-

'^- ^^'^^'^}^Z. I

ference in Paris. It was expected that the United States would play a full part in the League of Nations and so in Europe thereafter. This expectation was belied when the American Senate refused to ratify the Treaty of Versailles. The United States did not join the League of Nations. It is true that they often exercised an indirect influence later in European affairs, particularly in the search for financial stability. American money aided German recovery and helped to make Germany the greatest power in Europe. Essentially the United States did not become permanently involved in European affairs until the

Second World War, a generation

later.

The American naval challenge, however, was made at once. Until 1914 the Americans had been willing to acquiesce in British naval supremacy, confident that it was a

Above left: The pre-dreadnought HMS Cornwallis fires on Turkish land forces after the evacuation of Anzac and Suvia in mid-December, 1915. Ships such as the Cornwallis, too clumsy for battles at sea, were more suitable for ship-to-land operations at Gallipoli. While the war with the Turks was extended, the longdrawn-out misery of trench warfare in the West was beginning to make itself felt. Right: Men of B Company, 1st Battalion The Scots Guards, October 1915. Below: The 1st Scottish Horse bivouac at SuvIa Bay, Gallipoli, after landing

thereon Septembers, 1915

Vvv-^

^d''*"

'Same old trenches,

same old view,

Same old rats

as

blooming tame,

Same old dug-outs, nothing new Same old bloody war' .

.

.

Left.The doomed youth' of 1916. A French soldier, his legs shot away, sits huddled in a building behind the lines

shield for

them

as

much

as for the British

Dominions. During the war they resented the British blockade, though they participated in it when they became belligerents. After the war they were determined to assert naval equality with the British and were strong enough to do so. The British were in no position to resist. By the Washington naval treaty the British surrendered their sole domination of the seas for ever. Between the wars Great Britain maintained naval equality with the United States and in the long run the American navy ruled the waves. Nor was the United States the only challenger. During the war. Japan, though ostensibly a loyal Ally, had established her naval supremacy in the Far East. After the war she refused to relinquish it. On paptMshe did not receive equality. Her capital ships were nearly a third less than those of either the United States or of (Ireat Britain. But all her ships were in the Far East. British ships were spread over the world.

From

this

moment

(Jreat Britain's

power stopped at Singapt)re. Her position in the Far East rested solely on Japanese goodwill. The British P'mpiro had depended on British sea |.)owor, aiui, though no one noticed it in 1919. this was now at an end. These shifts in world power passed almost unregarded in 1919 when the Allies basked in the afterglow of victory. Men did not think then in terms of power. What they feared was social revolution. The Bolshevik naval

revolution of November 1917 then stood out as the most dramatic consequence of wartime. In Soviet Hu.'^sia the old order bad collapsed. Piivate projHMty bad been abolisbed. Private profit ceased to be tbe motive force of society. Instead tbe workers ruled, or so it was suppo.sed. Socialism had triumphed: tbe Marxist Utopia bad arrived. But Bolshevism in Russia was only tbe starting point; men feared that it would spread to tbe defeated countries. Nor were the victors immune. There were great strikes in (Ireat Britain and France. Tbe Re^. Flag flew over (Ilasgow Town Hall In Italy tbe workiMs occupied tbe factories. Class war in its literal sen.se .seemed about to

/

break out.

.Mr>-4

The

peril

proved to be less than the

men

of 1919 feared. Certainly Soviet Russia survived the wars of intervention. The Bolsheviks, or Communists as they now called themselves, established a system of dictatorship in Russia whicli has lasted to the present day. In 1919 they set up the Third or Communist International in order to spread revolution throughout the world, but the Communists had surprisingly little success. There was a shortlived Soviet government in Hungary and an even briefer one in Bavaria. Communist parties sprang up in nearly every country, and there were many admirers of Soviet society, but nearly everywhere these Communists and their associates remained an ineffective minority. Despite the upheavals of two world wars, capitalism is still the established economic system in most parts of the world, and private profit the main motive of economic activity. This is not to say that after the First

War

everything went back to however hard men strove to this. Outwardly normality was

World

'normal',

secure

restored: gold standard, parliamentary institutions, respect for rank and tradition. Christian doctrines were still accepted. In

some ways behaviour became more orderly than it had been before the war. For instance respectable women could now walk in city streets unaccompanied. There was less violent crime. But beneath the surface things had changed. The First World War

Men lost faith in their leaders, in received ideas, in the ways of their forefathers. Of course this had produced disillusionment.

been

happening

^-*

throughout

•

^

the

19th

Here, as in other ways, war accelerated changes which were already taking place. Still, the acceleration was great. Doubt became the predominant pattern. Literature and art were marked by disintegration. Poets abandoned set metre. Painters repudiated the representational art which had flourished ever since the Renaissance. Musicians substituted the twelve-note row for the major and minor diatonic scale. Psychoanalysis sapped belief in reason itself. In politics also men turned against reason and order. Fascism was the political equivalent of Surrealism, preaching violence for its own sake. By the 1930's political pundits were announcing, incorrectly, that Fascism and

Century.

Communism would

supersede democracy

everywhere.

There was one great social change, beginning before the war, which the war particularly accelerated. Women began to shake off" their subjection to men. In many countries they received the vote and with it a political equality which was more theoretical than real. There were wider opportunities for women's education, and this education was designed more as a preparation for social life, not as a training in domesticity. Most professions were opened to women, though often grudgingly. Women were emancipated in a practical way by the new fashions which gave them shorter skirts and also shorter hair. The greatest change in this sphere is the one most difficult to explain. Women bore fewer children. Everywhere the birth rate declined, until some countries were actually threatened with a declining papu-

lation. Were women reluctant to breed children for future wars? Had they lost faith in the future? Or did they merely demand an easier life as most men were doing? We ask these questions in vain. During the war men in the armies were issued with sheaths, known as 'French letters', and it is therefore possible that contraceptive devices were more widely

used thereafter. This is no more than surmise. Probably contraception was the result of the desire for smaller families, not its cause. Only the switch to smaller families is certain — the most fundamental change in the history of mankind. Immediately after the war, it was universally believed that there had been a great change in the attitude towards war itself. Previously war had been accepted as a normal part of international relations, and military virtues had been highly prized. Mass slaughter brought disillusionment to the men who endured it. The political leaders who achieved fame by 'winning the war' were repudiated soon after it ended — Clemenceau in 1920, Lloyd George in 1922. The military leaders fared little better. No British general achieved the standing of the Duke of Wellington. No French general repeated that of Napoleon. Ironically only the leader of a defeated army maintained his reputation. Below: Australians on the Somme, 1916. Machine gunners from 2nd Division return from the trenches near Contalmaison, captured by the Allies on July 10. Opposite, above: Reserve troops await orders to move forward in the capture of Morval; below: French troops in Dixmude, Flanders

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Field Marshal Hindenburg was elected President of Germany in 1925, and even he was superseded by a corporal some

years

later.

The war had been

'a

war

to

end war'.

'Never Again' and 'No More War' were the slogans of the 1920's, drummed home in nearly every war novel or book of reminiscences. Nor was this merely talk. The peacemakers of 1919 created an institution which, they hoped, would make future wars impossible. This was the League of Nations, President Wilson's most prized achievement. For the first time independent states acknowledged an international body, even if its authority was purely moral. Some people, such as H. G. Wells, hoped that the League of Nations would grow into the United States of the World. Such hopes were disappointed. The League became a useful meeting ground for statesmen. It controlled or attempted to control such anti-social

'Neck-deep in mud, He mowed and raved He who had braved The field of blood And as a lad Just out of school Yelled- April Fool! And laughed like

narcotics and the whiteIn 1928 the Kellogg Pact, renouncing war as an instrument of policy, was signed by every important country in the world. In practice the League was little more than a fifth wheel on the coach of international diplomacy, effective when the nations wished to agree, but impotent otherwise. activities

slave

mad' In March 1917 the Germans made a strategic withdrawal to their well-fortified Hindenburg Line. Below: British troops moved up towards Arras m pursuit

"!•>

the new states introduced universal military service. The Germans, with their many grievances, numbered denial of their right to arm as the worst. Public opinion might turn against war. The statesmen still regarded war as a habit, though maybe a bad one. Men either drew the moral that all war was wrong or assumed that there was no practical moral to draw. The motives for the Great War or the methods of conducting it were rarely examined a§ practical questions. Indeed to the present da}' the Great War is treated as the first of its kind. In retrospect it seems remarkably old-fashioned. There was very little new in the way it was waged except that it was on a larger scale. Millions of men

as

traffic.

#

\

No country in fact renounced war, or at any rate preparations for war, whatever the statesmen might say or sign. The French maintained a large army. The British and Americans maintained large navies. All

.i

fought where hundreds of thousands fought But the equipment of armies was much the same. The artillery was heavier. before.

small-arms fire was more rapid, particularly when its rapidity was mechanised into the machine gun. But, almost to the end tactics were much the same as those operated by Napoleon a century before. Masses of men were flung against each other after a preliminary bombard-

The

ment, and the cavalry waited breakthrough which never came.

for

the

Railways delivered men and supplies to the battlefront more quickly than horsedrawn transport had done. This, too, was not new. Railways had already shaped the strategy of the American Civil War and the Franco-Prussian War. Far from increasing mobility, railways increased the deadlock. The attackers always outran their supplies and lost their momentum.

The

always fell back into Apart from railways, most of the war was fought as though the Industrial Revolution had never happened. Gas was an attempt at modernity and proved more of a handicap than a help. The internal combustion engine was only exploited late in the war. Staff officers used horses, not motor cars. Supplies were brought from railhead to the front by mule, not by truck. defenders

security.

No army went

over

to

troop-carrying

transport.

The tank was the most remarkable innovation. But, again, it was used tardily and inadequately. Although used successfully by the British at Cambrai in 1917, and thereafter in France by both the British and the French, their armies, even

e I

I

^ n

| ^

The First World War in

shipping

of the First

of casualties

1914-1918

men,

The cost

money & Cost

Balance Allies

World War

(in dollars)

Allies

^^^nn^^^ mmimiji^^^i

Great Britain

Canada Australia

New

ll ll

423 208 000

378 750 000

Zealand

601 279 000

India

300 000 000

South Africa British colonies

665 576 000

125 000 000

^^^^^H ^1 ^^^^^^1 H

France

24 265 583 000

22 625 253 000

United States

Hm^^i I22

Russia

593 950 000

^12413998000

Italy

Rumania

H

Belgium

ll

600 000 000

1

154 468 000

Serbia

I399 400 000

Greece

1 270 000 000

Japan l40 000 000 Other Allied Powers

I 500 000 000

TOTAL: 125 690 477 000 France (73-3%)

Russia (76-3%)

Great Britain (35-8%)

Italy

(391%)

Powers

Central Germany

m^B

Austria-Hungary Turkey Bulgaria

ll

20 622 960 000

430 000 000

1 81 5

TOTAL DIRECT COST OF THE WAR

:

Portugal (33-3%)

Montenegro (40%)

Belgium (34-9%)

Greece (11-7%)

60 643160 000

TOTAL:

200 000

1

86 333 637 000

American loans to the Allies Great Britain

France Italy

Belgium Russia

^^^^H

Japan (02%)

^^^H

2

HIH ^^341

1

Rumania (71-4%)

Serbia (46 8%)

852 000 000

Central Powers 591 000 000 Including 1

000 000 C

1

450 000 permanently disabled

565 000 including invalids

187 000 000

Czechoslovakia

50 000 000

Greece

43 000 000

Rumania

30 000 000

Serbia

27 000 000

Cuba

10 000 000 5

deserters

Excluding an estimate of 265 000 civilians

dead & missing 000 (estimated) Mozambique & Angola

Western Front. Another '/vere

wounded

in

Excluding those

Liberia

&

Including 690 000 permanently disabled

during the

TOTAL:

000 000

452 000 000

9

6

who

died of disease

autumn 1918 retreat

TOTAL MOBILISED

^^am

ALLIES

42 188 810

CENTRAL-POWERS TOTAL

67 438 810

25 250 000

TOTAL DEAD

1^^^

ALLIES

British loans to the Allies

^BpHIHI

Russia P

JP

France I Italy

British

J

Dominions Belgium Serbia

Other Allied Powers

J2

1

Sweden Switzerland

Norway

Denmark Other neutrals

2

2

TOTAL WOUNDED

840 000

170 000 000

065 000 000

TOTAL CASUALTIES AS

HI 240 000 000

TOTAL

& maintaining

I

695 000 000

%

OF STRENGTH ALLIES

CENTRAL POWERS TOTAL

neutrality

^^^^672 000 000

^1

429 800 000

H25O 000 000 Il30

000 000

I90 000

000

|l78 200 000

TOTAL:

1750 000 000 Germany (53 3%)

3546

21

ALLIES

[[90 000 000

Austria-Hungarv (90%) Turkey (34-2%)

I

CENTRAL POWERS TOTAL

CENTRAL POWERS TOTAL

^^j 4JD 000 000

8 538 315 I

12

TOTAL MISSING & POWs

Bulgaria (22-2%)

152 115

3 386 200

'ALLIES

855 000 000

Cost to the neutrals of defending their frontiers Netherlands

5

CENTRAL POWERS TOTAL

831004

8 388 448

219 452

E ZZ3 4

121090

3 629 829 7 750 919

%) 52-3% 49-4% (

50

9%

World Losses

submarines

Shipping losses caused by cruisers, & mines (in tons)

(registered tonnage)

1914

United Kingdom 9 055 000

Losses of Central Powers' Warships and Auxiliaries up to Nov 11 1918 Germany Aus-Hung Turkey

Norway Italy

1

172 000

862 000

France

807 000

United States

531 000

Greece

415 000

Japan

1915 Jan Feb

March

^32

^^^^71

400

^^^^80

Dec

8

21

4

12

found not to be worth repair.

A Approximate. As regards German

1

commissioned merchant vessels, the

3

known losses amount

1

3

8,600 tons

to

3

75

of all types having a total

270 000

Torpedo boats Submarines

55

4

5

64

about 200,000 gross tons

200

7

Sweden

264 000

Minelayers

Denmark

245 000

Miscellaneous

Spain

238 000

Holland

229 000

Belgium

105 000

3

5

10

15

tonnage :

but

of

it is

believed these figures do not

207 2

1

20 vessels

1

4

represent more than 75 per cent of the actual totals.

Total Numbers

362

23

28

413

Total Tons displaced

362 371

58 416

30,640

451 427

31 000

o

151

Tons displaced

13 625

Gross tonnage

200 000

7 2

1

152

662

16 287

including

Armed Merchant

Cruisers,

Trawlers, Minesweepers etc.

200 000

700

^^52

Nov

Gunboats Armoured Vessels

2

1

service, subsequently salved but

6 2

battleship of

68

Brazil

22400

July

Oct

6

17

^^^^184 300

^^^^H ^^^^[83100

Sept

Cruisers

1

displacement, wrecked on active

1

Light Cruisers

boat

D Also

5

Destroyers

Torpedo

700

June

Aug

1

1

OCommissloned Merchant Vessels

^[36300

^^^'I'l May

Battle-Cruisers

Total

3

200

^47

April

D1

River Monitors

000 44 100

Battleships

1

Losses of British & Allied Warships causes up to Nov 11 1918

20 000

^^^^{^^m

400

Great

France

Auxiliaries from Japan

United

Hussia

taly

&

all

'ortugal

rotal

Greece

excl. Gt.

Rumania

Britain

800

^^^^^tOil

States

Britain

^SBS^!|!^^HI 148 4UU

jjUHBH^HHi'B fc„-. "-^iiul 600

HlB^HlSI ^^^^54100 ^^^^^88

500

m

400

^^^M "194

13

Battle-Cruisers

3

800

Gunboats 1

Battleships

b3 UOO

^^^^174400^

Cruisers

13

Light Cruisers

•12

& Torpedo-Gunbts

5

River Gunboats

2

Coast Defence ships Monitors

123 100

5

2

1

1

1

1

1

2

Leaders

3

Torpedo boat Destroyers Torpedo boats Submarines

64

54

Aircraft Carriers

3

Patrol Boats

2

3

12

1

3

•

5 5

1

1

1

1

1 1

11

8

8

6

12

8

11

2

2

1

Armed Merchant Cruisers Armed Boarding Steamers

17

8

4

Coastal Motor Boats

13

1

22

2

14

1

2

1(G)

1

1(R)

46 16

35

6

3

18

1

13

Numbers

254

Total Tons displaced

In

12

1

1

Minelayers

Total

4

1(P)

5

18

Flotilla

3

1

Sloops

1916

4

53

36

47

7

8

3

154

651 907 172 261

92 104

126 528

41 365

48 453

478

481 192

3

Total Tons Gross

208 948

addition ' Auxiliary

815

81

36

3

7

990

17 331

28 728

11 241

26 360

2(P)

132

vessels e.g. Hospital Ships,

Minesweepers, Colliers etc Total Displacement Tons Gross

353 600

3 1

125 743

500

(est)

84 410

250

(est)

Including 6 Light Cruisers sunk as blockships at Zeebrugge and Ostend.

Including 7 Submarines destroyed at Helsingfors to avoid capture, and

355 100

Zeebrugge Mole. These figures are not

1917

strictly

comparable, as the figures given

1

blown up

for the Allies

at

may be

incomplete. 368 500

damages

British Shipping Losses 81 Losses caused by German Warships Aug 1914-Sept30 1915

Total gross tonnage 12 191 996 Total no of ships

Oct

1915-April 30 1916

1

(5 554)

over 100 British

Registered tonnage

June Feb

1916-Jan31 1917

1

Jan

5 23 (1

1917-Dec31 1917

1

1

152)

5 753 751 (2

1917-Nov2 1918

2

648 223

An Estimate (Minimum)

of

(1

5fl

046)

U Boat sinkings

North Sea

in:

Total tons 11 018 865

capacity

249

Flanders

Mediterranean

(1

590)

3 286 462

Total no of ships (5 708) (1

409)

Baltic |11 626 (19) 399 100

?^511

1918

923 (326)

Total sunk by:

Submarine

Mine Cruiser etc Aircraft

Total tons 7 829 900

^1682

! |

7

000

448 000

900

damaged by:

Total

Submarine

Mine Cruiser etc

Total tons 7 807 900

H

432 400

1 150

Aircraft I 89

000

200

Interned

I

in hostile

ports

184 000

3547

McS Flanders fields the poppies blow Between the crosses, 'In

row on row That mark our place' Below: The final Allied offensive in the autumn of 1918. US infantry and Mark V tanks carrying 'cribs' for bridging impassable dips in the land move up towards the St Quentin Canal

3618

so, moved slowly. The advance could still only move at the speed of the infantry, and the Allies never broke through the German lines. Twenty years after the Fiist World War Marshal Petain could still declare that the infantry were the Queens of the

battlefield.

They were Queens who moved

speed of pawns. Similarly with communications, the armies still relied on runners, occasionally supplemented by the telegraph. Wires were laid everywhere. No army in the First World War communicated by wireless. at the

Naval strategy had some more modern features. The battleships themselves were machines of great ingenuity. But their purpose remained traditional: to draw out the line of battle against the

enemy

fleet.

This was achieved once only, at the battle of Jutland, and then with no decisive result. There was one new naval weapon: the submarine. The Germans developed submarine warfare later and with inadequate preparation. Even so they nearly brought Great Britain to defeat. The British on their side had to devise impromptu means of defence against a danger

JU^

^^'^

They

The aeroplane was often extolled as a weapon of an entirely new kind which

Both aeroplanes and tanks were portents instruments for the present one. After the war Liddell Hart in England, and Guderian and others in Germany, thought in terms of a strategy based on tanks. Similarly many authorities

would change the face of war. During the Great War it did not do so. Aeroplanes were sometimes useful as observers. They fought dramatic battles against each other in the skies. Broadly speaking the course of the Great War would have been unchanged if aeroplanes had not existed.

Douhet, Billy Mitchell — foreof bombardment from the air. Few of these speculations were based on experience, and not all of them turned out to be accurate. Tanks certainly shaped the Second World War on land. Aerial bombardment proved a false, and dis-

which they had not timately triumphed by — a traditional method admirals condemned as

foreseen.

ul-

reverting to convoy which most British

unworkable.

— Trenchard,

saw a future war

astrous, trail.

The politics of war were equally barren and without rational purpose. Grovernments had the organisation of the home front forced on them by events and undertook it more or less successfully. None of

^:^fi:

*^

.

them, except that of Communist Russia, e drew the moral that measures adopted in S wartime for the control of economic and i social life could also be, organised for |

for future wars, not

^

^,^

%^

'

peaceful purposes. Economic direction and ^ control were jettisoned everywhere as soon | as the war was over. Looking round E Europe a few years after the war, one

observer remarked that Summer Time — the advancing of the cfock by one hour during the summer months — was the only permanent change which the war had

brought in social affairs. An Englishman could add the closing of public houses during the afternoon.

#

Mi

DCUimiCL HAUE>

the war about? How can it be future generations? The ostensible reasons for war were lost sight of once it had started. For instance, Austria-Hungary began the war in order to exact reparation for the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand. This demand was never mentioned during the secret peace negotiation which Austria-Hungary attempted in 1917. Great Britain went to war in order to protect the independence and neutrality of Belgium. Later her statesmen repeatedly declared that a German withdrawal from Belgium would not be an adequate reason for Great Britain to

What was

explained

make to

to

peace. Both Russia and France went in order to defend their national

war

Russia could have had a separate peace on the basis of the status quo in 1915, and France could probably have had one "in 1917. Both countries rejected such ideas out of hand. Germany had started the war from the belief that she could not sustain a prolonged war on two fronts and must therefore knock out France within six weeks. Though she failed to knock out France, she sustained a two-front war for four years and achieved considerable victories during the process. Ironically in fact she lost the war only when the second, Russian front ceased to exist and Germany was fighting a one-front war. All the belligerents devised war aims as justification for going on with ihe war. Few of these aims, perhaps noije, were worth the price which the belligerer s ultimately had to pay for them. Ital} ould have had peace at any time, and the It. anspeaking part of Tyrol with it. Instead :he got impoverishment and Fascism, all the sake of German-speaking Tyrol an territory.

i

i

'

3550

Istria. Austria-Hungary could have got out of the war by making a few concessions to Italy. By refusing these, she prepared the way for her own disintegration. Russia demanded Constantinople and the Straits, acquisitions which her own statesmen regarded as too burdensome to be worth having. Her reward was social collapse and revolution. It is useless to speculate what the Turks were fighting for. But there is little doubt that they could have had peace at any time if they had merely stopped. France claimed to be fighting for AlsaceLorraine, which she could not have on any terms short of Germany's defeat. Even so the destruction of a generation was a high price to pay. The Germans formulated the most ambitious war aims, particularly the economic control of Belgium and northeastern France. The integration of these areas with the Ruhr was already developing before the First World War and has been achieved, despite the defeat of Germany, after the Second. The British tried to persuade themselves and others that they were fighting in order to acquire German colonies. A celestial chartered accountant, considering the balance sheet of war, would have said at any time during it: 'Cut your losses.' The war in fact was fought for its own sake. Once the war had begun, the belligerents could see no way of ending it except by the total defeat of the enemy. Germany had to destroy Russia and France in order to be secure in Europe and so free to become a World Power. France and Russia had to defeat Germany if they were to survive as independent Powers. AustriaHungary had to defeat somebody if she were to survive at all. Great Britain had to

destroy the

German navy and

to secure the she were to remain a great imperial power. Previously peace had been a habit. Now war became a habit in much the same way. Only victory, it seemed, would provide the solution. The statesmen went on with the war in order to protect themselves from revolution — thus often causing the revolution they dreaded. The peoples were equally obstinate. Though soldiers hated the trenches and civilians gi'umbled against harsh conditions, public opinion in every country applauded the warmakers and condemned those who sought a way out. Statesmen fell from power when they were alleged to be soft or ineffective in waging war — Bethmann in Germany, Asquith in England, the Tsar in Russia. The hard men — Lloyd George, Clemenceau, Ludendorff"— triumphed. British soldiers sang this song: We're here because we're here Because we're here Because we're here. This was the spirit of the First World War. They fought because they fought because they fought because they fought. The war was not a great tribute to human wisdom.

independence of France

if

Further Reading The Consequences of the War to Great Britain (1934) Mendelssohn-Bartholdy, A., The War and German Society (1935) Mitrany, D., The Effect of the War in South-

Hirst, F. W.,

E astern Europe (1936) Gide, C, La Bilan de la Guerre pour (1931) [For A. 2561.]

J. P.

la

France

Taylor's biography, see page

I

I

I I _ •r

Left:

German

of air

war spoils

J. C.

poster advertises an exhibition in

Munich. Below: General

Cank»bell addresses

men of 137th Division after the successful crossincrif the San Quentin Canal in September 9 To W / Brigade^th 1

'%•

te4

f

:^4"^

.V

^ .^•«£«L

i

^«^:>^ 'wm'*»

»'ik

tr*-

'•

• A»^'!'

4*

W,

-*• 1!l^

r1

^;^

«^

%

?

v*

<^

'-it-'s:.

^

'^ :

'

iT^"

C.

Western Front

1914

1

M. Chant

i

w

Eastern Front Russia

&

I-I9I<9:

Front

Italian

A

Balkan Fronts (Serbia, Salonika

&

Rumania)

June July Battle of the Frontiers

& Great Retreat

August

• G. invades • R invades •

•

•

Mons

September

1st

October

1st

A-H operations Polish Gahcia

Gumbinnen Tannenbera

1

1

Marne

1st

Poland

E Prussia A-H invades Poland

1

to the

Invasion of Serbia

Lemberg

Masurian Lakes

Aisne

Race

1st

1st

in

G operations S-W Poland

2nd invasion

of Serbia

in

Sea

Ypres

1

1st

Warsaw

November

Lodz

3rd invasion of Serbia

Lowicz

December

2nd Warsavi^ Establishment of a stabilised front 1

1915 January

1 Fr offensive of 1915 (Battles of Soissons, Woeuvre & 1st Champagne)

Glvenchy

• 1st

1

1

Beskid Pass •

February

March April

Winter battle

in

Masuria

Neuve Chapelle

1

•R

.St Eloi

• Hill

60

G advance

|St Julien

into Lithuania

Woeuvre

May

take Przemysl

2nd Ypres

•

Rubers Ridge

& Kurland

)

Gorlice-Tarnow Festubert

Przemysl •

June

•

2nd Fr offensive of 1915 (Battles 1st Artois & 2nd Champagne)

July

R lose Przemysl

2nd Givenchy

Hooge •2nd Hooge

2nd Lemberg

of

1st

Isonzo

Russian strategic withdrawal

• 1st

3rd

Warsaw

August

2nd Isonzo •

September

t

Vilnyus

Loos

October

|Hohenzollern Re

Establishment of ibt

Allied

Dunaburg

4th invasion &

3rd Isonzo

at

crushing Serbia

final

01

November

camp

Salonika

4th Isonzo

II

December \

M Ha f< HmMIOIOGV 1

1

{1

1

1

Events & the Home Fronts

Other Theatres & the Naval War

Turkish Fronts (Dardanelles, Palestine,

Mesopotamia & Caucasus)

1

Political

,

•

Conquest '°9°

of

.

1st

campaign

in

•

South African

Br land at Basra & est-

•

Rebellion

&

conquest

of

S-W

Shelling of

Africa

Dardanelles

abhsh bridge-

Heligoland

Hogue, Aboukir

& Cressy sunk

»

Br prepare defence of Suez Canal

q^^^^^ ^ Breslau escape

•

East Africa

G navies mobilise

Br &

Umba

operations

Sarikamis

Operations

Valley

'El

enters the Baltic

Coronel •Tsingtao falls • Emden sunk

•

•

Falkland

•

Scarborough, Hartlepool & Whitby shelled

on N Railw/ay (Cameroons)

in

East Africa

St Petersburg renamed Petrograd (1st); French government moves to Bordeaux (2nd); London Agreement between Britain, France & Russia (5th); British Parliament prorogued (18th); Hindenburg given overall command in Poland & Galicia (25th); Asquith's appeal for Volunteers (25th)

Essad Pasha beca(nes Albanian head of state (5th); Belgian government moves Ostend (7th); Ferdinand becomes King of Rumania (10th); Belgian government moves to Le Havre (13th); Sir C. Douglas, CIGS. dies & Falkenhayn succeeds Moltke as German C of S (25th); Fisher succeeds Battenberg Italian government reformed (5th); Parliament reopened (1 1th); Death of F-M Lord Roberts in France (14th); First British War Budget (17th); Polish National Council calls for utter defeat of Germany (25th); France publishes the 'Yellow Book' of German atrocities (30th) he hrench tiourse reopens (/th); hrench government returns to Pans (lUth) News of Moltke's supersession by Falkenhayn made official (10th); Rumania bans exports of metals and textiles (1 1th); British Protectorate proclaimed in Egypt (17th). Hussein proclaimed Sultan of Egypt (18th) to

fiead

|Qurnati

Final diplomatic attempts to maintain peace (1st-3rd); Italy declares neutrality (l5t); Kitchener made British War Secretary (5th); British Press Bureau set up (11th); Belgian government evacuated to Antwerp (17th); Hindenburg given German command in East Prussia (23rd)

Is

1

1

(Caucasus)

1

1st 1st

T attack

on Canal

Br advance

Mesopotamia in

Kara Urgan (Caucasus)

1

•

Dogger Bank

• Start of

Br begin

G submarine

advance

Naval attack

across Sinai

on Dardanelle

R take

ANZAC

attack

1st

landir gs

advance

on Yaounde (C ameroons)

on Helles &

on Canal

Gallipoli

(Caucasus)

•T attack Perim (Red Sea)

2 nd Br advance

Meso-

ir1

Minpr operations an d sinking of

P otamia

Koniqsberq

Operations

Tigris

Aden

Sale of alcoholic drinks in Britain curtailed (29th): papers about the sailing of the Lusitania (30th)

for Central

Plateau

(Cameroons) Suvia landing (Gallipoli)

Russian Minister for War, Sukhomlinov, replaced by PolJvanov (26fh): Russian government reformed (30th) Anglo-French conference at Calais (6th), Germany takes over control of coal industry (12th); National Registration Bill passes the Lords (14th). Treaty between Central Powers and Bulgaria (17th). Venizelist movement gains ground (19th); French Chamber agrees to parliamentary control of army (27th) Parliamentary control of French army established (3rd); Rumania mobilises (7th); Russian enquiry into munitions shortage scandal (10th); Britain declares cotton contraband (21st), Venizelos becomes Greek PM (22nd). German sub marines forbidden to attack merchantmen without warning (27th)

Kut

(8th);

Russian ultimatum

1

Ctesiphon

against

Senussi

1

^H

Bulgaria (3rd); Venizelos resigns (5th); Zaimis govern(7th); Bulgarian government reformed (9th), Derby recruiting scheme published (11th); Edith Cavell executed (12th). Bnand succeeds VivianI as French PM (28th)

ment formed

in

to

Greece

Allied war conference at Calais (4th); End of the Derby Scheme (12th); Robertson succeeds Murray as CIGS (21st); British cabinet decides to introduce compulsory military service (28th)

Evacuation of Siege of Kut

m

Asquith delivers powerful war aims speech (9th); Greek parliament dissolved (11th); Germans urge Indian Moslems to launch aJihad (^9\.h): Permanent Allied munitions organisation announced (24fh)

advance on

Baghdad Operations

conference in Holland revealed (14th); Closer

of cereals (3rd); International socialist

Large contraband operations alcohol restrictions in London area (24th) 2n d advance or Yaounde

*

US

denounces the Triple Alliance (3rd); Sinking of the Lusitania (7th); article on shortage of British munitions (14th); Enemy aliens in Britain interned (14th); British Coalition Government formed (25th); Jackson succeeds Fisher as 1st Sea Lord (27th) Lansing succeeds Bryan as US Secretary of State (8th); Venizelisfs win Greek general election (13th); Lloyd George becomes British Minister of Munitions

Berne

1st

in

Italy

Rumania bans exports

«

|lst

German warnings

(16th);

in

East Africa

Advance up

Defence of

flour rationing (1st); Germany loans Bulgaria £5,000,000 (2nd); British waters declared a war region' by Germany (4th); British army estimates provide for 3,000,000 men (5th): Announcement of pooling of Allied financial resources (7th) British Pfvl announces that all Germany-bound merchantmen will be seized (1st); Allied threat of reprisals for submarine blockade (2nd); Venizelos government resigns in Greece (6th); British government takes powers to supervise munitions manufacture (9th)

Times

R take Van

•

Rumania (27th) Germany introduces bread &

Artvin

(Caucasus)

iStiaiba

of

Great Britain

Ahwaz

•

•2nd T

blockade 5

Burian succeeds Berchtold as Austrian Foreign Minister (13th), USA deny allegations of partiality towards the Entente (24th); German government seizes all stocks of grain & flour (25th); Great Britain loans C5, 000,000 to

Gallipoli

1

^^^^H ^^^^i^^^^^^^^m

Western Front

Eastern Front

1916

&

Italian

Balkan Fronts

Front

Russia

(Serbia, Salonika

•

A-H take Mt Lovchen Serbs begin to arrive

•

A-H occupy Scutari

•

January February

&

Rumania) in

Corfu

Verdun • Ft

Douaumont

falls 1

A-H take Durazzo

Vaux

BattI B for Ft

March

5th Isonzo

Lake Narotch St Eloi

Homme

Mort

April

1

Jakobstadt

May

Austro-Hunganan Asiago offensive

June

Thiaumont falls GtakeFleurv

•

Bui &

G

take Ft Rupel

• Ft •

Somme

1st

(limit of

G

July

Albert

advance)

|Bazentin Ridge 1

August

High

Brusilov offensive

Wood

Delville

Pozieres

Wood

Ridge

6th Isonzo

1

Horseshoe

Hill

Rumanian

• Ginchy

offensive

September

1

1

Flers-Courcelette Morval & Thiepval

•

7th Isonzo

Gks surrender to Bul&GatKavalla

^

Transloy Ridges & Ancre Heights

October

1

8th Isonzo

Rumania

crus

by Central Po 1st Fr

counterotfensive

November

1

December

Ancre

9th Isonzo • Allies

take Monastir

2nd Fr counterotfensive

1

1917 Winter battle on

January February

An ere

March

G

April

Arras, Vimy & Scarpe

retreat to

tfie

Aa

HIndenburg Line

Dojran

Fr Nivelle offensive

May 10th Isonzo

Flanders offensive

June

1

Messines

Kerensky offensive

July 3rd Ypres

Fr limited offensive

August Fr offensive at

Riga offensive & amphibious landings in the Bay of Riga

September 1

\

October

Verdun

11th Isonzo

Menin Road Polygon Road Passcfiendaele

Caporetto

November Camb ral

t

December

J

-

Other Theatres & the Naval War

Turkish Fronts (Dardanelles, Palestine,

Mesopotamia &Caucasus) Gallipoli

Political

Military Service Bill introduced In Parliament (5th); Allied War Council in London (19th); Britain buys 800,000 tons of wheat from Rumania (20th);

Cameroons &

continued

Military Service Bill passes the about wheat sale {26th)

flee to intern-

siege of Kut

ment

in

Home Fronts

the

G evacuate

evacuated

Events &

Rio Muni

Commons

Sturmer succeeds Goremykin as •

R take Erzeru

•

R take Mus

RtakeRizeh •Rtake •

Br occupy Solium

•Qatiya

Kut •

East Africa

Women's

Kondoalrangi operations

falls

R take East Afnca •T retake

Mamakhatun

,

.

Capture of

Jiddah& Mecca

Beoinnmq

.

t retake

Kermanshah

•

Advance on •Rtake

ofYanbo

Iringa

Operations for Central

Railway

R retake

Capture

Uluguru Mts

assassinated (2 1st); Provisional Government installed Korber becomes PM of Austria (29th)

Operations against

Dakhia Oasis

Tabora Force Br occupy

government formed

(19th);

Greece agrees to reconsider herGermanophil policy (4th); New Zealand Compulsory Military Service Bill passed (6th); Kalogeropoulos government replaces Zaimis' (16th); Albanian government set up in Salonika (20th); Duport becomes French Chief-of-Staff (21st); Venizelists leave Greece (25th) Germany and Austria announce an independent' kingdom of Poland (5th); Allied recognition of Venizelist government (19th); Sttirgkh, Austrian PM,

Clearing of

in

Salonika (28th);

Wilson re-elected President in US (7th); Allied War Conference in Paris (15th); British food regulations issued (17th); Death of Emperor Franz Joseph, succeeded by Karl (21st); Trepov succeeds Sturmer as Russian PM (24th)

Operations in Songea area

Shiraz

Italian

(3rd); Rumania agrees to join the Allied side in the war Hindenburg replaces Falkenhayn as Chief of the Great German General Staff, Ludendorff becoming Chief Quartermaster General (29th)

of Taif

•

New

(17th);

the Ruheje

Sinai

(10th);

Casement hanged

Operations on

1

PM

Zaimis government replaces Skouloudis ministry in Greece (22nd); Britain abandons Declaration of London (28th); Casement sentenced to death (29th) Lloyd George becomes Ministerof War (6th); Montagu becomes Minister of Munitions (9th); Allied Munitions Conference in London (13th); Sturmer replaces Sazonov as Russian Foreign Minister (23rd); Mesopotamia and Dardanelles Commissions formed (26th)

f^us&Bitlis

Bitlis

hed were

PM

National Land Service Corps inaugurated (6th); Australian

government resigns

Italian

•! retake

Romani •

•

Jutland

Erzincan

Capture of

1

Advance from Nyasa-Tanganyikaline

Capture •

Operations Northern Railway

for

of

Arab Revolt

Rumania

arrives in Britain (7th); Capelle succeeds Tirpitz as German Minister of Marine (16th); Roques succeeds Gallieni as French War Minister (16th); Paris Conference opens (27th) First British married groups called up (7th); Italy prohibits trade with Germany (17th); Milner advocates universal military service (18th); Casement arrested in Ireland (20th); Beginning of Irish Rebellion (24th); New Military Service Bill abandoned (27th); Allied commercial conference at Paris (27th) End of Irish Rebellion (1st); Military Service Bill, extending service to married men, introduced (3rd); Casement charged (15th); Boselli becomes Italian PM (15th); Military Service Bill passes Commons (16th); Food control introduced in Germany (21st); Military Service Act becomes law (25th) Start of compulsory military service (8th); Allied War Council in London (9th);

Kilimanjaro operations

Qasr-eShirin

„

protest to

of Russia (1st); Military Service Act into operation (9th); Last classes of single men called up in Britain (14th); German promise of Polish independence announced (24th); Germany announces an unlimited submarine campaign (29th)

Mamakhatun Rtake Trabzon

German

comes Tl

.RtakeBitlis •

(24th);

operations

Lloyd George succeeds Asquith as PM and head ot Coalition government (7th) Spitzmuller succeeds Korber as Austrian PM (13th); Greek government accepts Allied ultimatum re hindering of Allied operations around Salonika (15th); Peace note from Wilson (20th)

Operations for retaking of Kut

•

1

Rumanian cabinet reformed

•Rafah

Advance on Liwale& Mahenge

iKhudhairaBend •

1

•

Capture of Wajh

Siwa Oasis

iHai Salient

End

pahraBend

of Senussi

•

Beginning

of

G

unrestricted

U-Boat warfare

Pursuit of

operations

Wintgen & Naumann

|2ndKut Capture

Baghdad

of

•

• 1st

Gaza

Baghdad

of

offensive

position Br take

2nd Gaza

•

^ . J/®*^"® •Mus

2 J destroyer flotillas arrive

,

.Samarra

in

US naval forces arrive in Great Britain

operation

i

i

•Aba el Lissan

Aqaba

Zaimis once again becomes Greek PM (2nd); Allied War Conference in Paris (5th); Socialist conference opens in Stockholm (13th); Kerensky becomes Russian Minister of War (16th); Tisza resigns as PM of Hungary (22nd), Emperor Karl promises a more liberal constitution after the war (31sl) Kronstadt rebellion against the Provisional Government (1st); Proclamation of Albanian independence under Italian protection (3rd); Constantme of Greece abdicates in favour ot Alexander (1 1th); Congress of Workmen's and Soldiers' Delegates (16th); Venizelos becomes Greek PM (25th)

American embargo on food, coal & metal exports (8th); Michaelis succeeds Bethmann-Hollweg as German Chancellor (14th); Attempted revolution in Russia crushed (18th); Kerensky succeeds Lvov as PM in Russia (22nd)

•Capture of

Wilson asks Congress to declare war on Germany (2nd); Ukraine demands autonomy (24th); US Congress decides on conscription (28th)

Mediterranean

• First

Aqaba

1

(5th); Golitzin

Briand's (20th); Tsar arrested (21st)

Consolidation

1st Palestine •

(2nd); British, French & Italian conference in succeeds Trepov as Russian PM (9th); Allied reply to Wilson's peace note (10th); Warsaw Provisional Council formed (14th); Allied/Russian conference on military aid (30th) Germany declares an unrestricted submarine campaign (1st); US severs relations with Germany (3rd); Russian conference on future of Poland (5th); German embassy leaves US (14th); New British Blockade Orders issued (21st); Allied War Conference in Calais (26th) US Congress decides to arm merchantmen (2nd); Death of Count Zeppelin (8th); Rioting in Petrograd (9th); Russian revolution begins & Provisional Government formed (12th); Tsar abdicates (15th); Ribot ministry replaces

Rome

Euphrates operations

New German government formed

(bth); Kerensky torms National Ministry (61h); Esterhazy, Hungarian PM, resigns (9th); Wekerle becomes Hungarian PM (20th); Russian National Conference opens in Moscow (25th); Polish Stato Council resigns (29th) Ribot ministry resigns (7th); Kerensky assumes dictatorship & declares Kornilov a traitor (1 1th); Painleve ministry formed in France (12th) Kerensky's Provisional Council declares Russia a republic 15th) Central Powers appoint a Polish Regency (17th) Kerensky s Coalition government formed (7th); Ukraine forms luis government (8th), Soviet peace terms issued (21st); Barthou iu>t as French Foreign Minister (23rd); Polish Regency Council (27th); Orlando's ministry succeeds Boselli's in Italy (2811" Hertling succeeds Michaelis as German Chancellor (1st' mtion in

Br take •

(

Ramadi

Ar

i

T attack •Petra

Tigris

operations 3rd

Gaza

Junction Stations,

capture of [Jerusalem

2nd Palestine operation

I

H

11

1

Petrograd (7th); Formation of a Supreme Allied War CRapallo (9th); Clemenceau becomes French PM an (15th); All Petrograd held by the Reds (18th) Inter-Allied Council inaugurated at Versailles (Isl Italy (3rd), Reds break up Russian Constituent /^ to the Ukraine demanding free passage of tro'" asks for Allied recoanition (29thl '

^m ^

1

11

i

M

vjovernment

ng starts in Ri'd ultimatum h Republic

mHm^E^«...^ijiiiHi^n

Western Front

1918

Eastern Front Russia

&

Italian

Balkan Fronts

Front

(Serbia, Salonika

Rumania)

January February The German Drives Central Powers advance in Russia

March

1st

April

2nd

(Michael)

(Lys)

May • 1

June

1

Br forces begin to arrive

in

Murmansk

3rd (Aisne) 4th (Matz)

Piave

•Czechs occupy

July

1

5th (2nd Marne)

Irkutsk

Fr

Allied offensives

&

It

offensive in Albania

Champagne (2nd Marn 3)

Amie ns & Mont didie

August

• Allies

occupy Archangel

Flanders offensive Allied Salonika offensive & crushing of Bulgaria

Brea king of the Hind enburg

September

Line Final Final nffpn<^iup in

Picardy

Final

nffpn 5^i\/P in Artois

in

Allied

Ufa operations

offensive

October

reconquest

of

Serbia

Flanders Vittorio

Veneto

1

•

•

November

Serbs retake Belgrade

Br occupation of Baku & Trans-Caspia

December

Au stria-Hun gary dec lares wa Dn Serbia Ge rmany de Clare!S w ar on Ru ss>ia Ge rmany de ClareJS w ar on Frein ce Gr eat Britai n dec;lare s war on (Germany Ge rmany de dare!S w ar on Be g ium Mcjntenegrc dec are;5 war on A ustriaHu ngary Gr eat Britai n dec:lare s war on /\ustriaHu ngary

July 28, 1914

August August August August August August

August

1,

3, 4. 4,

5,

12,

23,

November November

May

23,

June

3,

October October October October

'

1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 2, 6,

191 4 19

1915 1915

1915 15, 1915 16, 1915 19, 1915

6,

January 1916

March 9, 1916 June 7, 1916 August 27, 1916 1917 1917 April 7, 1917 April 13, 1917 June 27, 1917 July 22, 1917 August 4, 1917 August 14, 1917 October 7, 1917 October 26, 1917 November 7, 1917 April 6, April 7,

I

Guatemala declares war on Germany Nicaragua declares war on Germany Costa Rica declares war on Germany Haiti declares war on Germany Honduras declares war on Germany Onondago Indian nation declares war on

April 23, 1918

Declarations of V/ar, 19 14-1918 C

May May

1918 23, 1918 July 12, 1918 July 19, 1918 July 31. 1918 8,

Germany August 13, 1918 October 12, 1918

Britain recognises

Czechoslovakia as an

Britain recognises Polish National

Army

Ally

as an

Ally

November

10,

1918

Rumania declares war on Germany and

Austria

Ja pan decIa res wlaro n Germa n^/ Ru ssiadecl.ares\«ar(on Turke / Br tain and Fran ce d eclare w ar on Turkey declares war on Austria-Hungary San Marino declares war on AustriaHungary Bulgaria and Serbia declare war on each other Britain declares war on Bulgaria France declares war on Bulgaria Italy and Russia declare war on Bulgaria

Italy

Albania declares war on Austria-Hungary Germany declares war on Portugal Arab Revolt against Turkey begins Rumania declares war on Austria-Hungary United States declares war on Germany Panama declares war on Germany Cuba declares war on Germany Bolivia breaks off relations with Germany Greece declares war on Germany and Austria Siam declares war on Germany and Austria Liberia declares war on Germany China declares war on Germany and Austria Uruguay breaks off relations with Germany Brazil d^-clares

war on Germany

Ecuador breaks

off relations with

Germany

Armistices and Peace Treaties

December

10,

1917

Armistice between

Rumania and

the Central

Powers

December

17,

1917

Armistice between Russia and the Central

Powers February

1918

9,

Peace between Ukraine and Central Powers signed

March March March

May

7,

1918 1918 9, 1918 1918 3,

7,

September 30, 1918 October 30, 1918 November 3, 1918

Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

Peace between Germany and Finland signed Treaty of Treaty of Armistice Armistice Armistice

Buftea

Bucharest

between Bulgaria and the Allies between Turkey and the Allies between Austria-Hungary and the

Allies

November December

1918 13, 1918 January 16, 1919 February 16, 1919 May 7, 1919 June 2, 1919 11,

Armistice between Germany and the Allies Armistice prolonged to January 17, 1919 Armistice prolonged to February 17, 1919

Armistice prolonged Allied Allied

peace terms handed peace terms handed

to

Germany

to Austria

&

Other Theatres & the Naval War

Turkish Fronts (Dardanelles, Palestine,

Mesopotamia &Caucasus)

France & Germany recognise Finnish independence (6th); Wilsons 14 Points speech (8th); Allied Naval Council meets for the first time, in London (22nd); Meeting of Allied War Council in Versailles (30th); Martial law declared in Berlin & Hamburg (31st) End of German strikes (1st); Powers of Allied War Council enlarged (3rd); Britain renews pledges to the Arabs on their independence (4th); Sir H. Wilson succeeds Sir W. Robertson as CIGS (16th); Meat, butter & margarine rationing in London (25th); Serb government resigns (28th)

El Tafileh

operations

continued

Operations in Portuguese

Tigris

operations

Jordan Valley

T occupy Trabzon. Erzincan & Bayburt

Nyasa

Treaty of Brest-Litovsk (3rd); Treaty of Buftea (5th); Allied War Council in London (14th); Allied manifesto against the treaties of Brest-Litovsk and Buftea (18th); Allies seize Dutch shipping in Allied ports (22nd): Pershing asks for American troops to be employed (28th)

T retal
operations

Events & the Home Fronts Political

RAF formed

T retake Van & Sarikamis T take Batum

Blockade Committee meets (3rd); Conference of Oppressed by Austria-Hungary opens in Rome (8th); South Slav National Assembly swears allegiance to the Allied cause (13th); Burian succeeds Czerin as Austrian Foreign Minister (17th>; Military Service Act (18th) Maurice's letter to The Times (7th); End of Bonnet Rouge treason trial in Paris {15th); 150 Sinn Fein leaders arrested in Ireland (17th); Georgia declares her independence (23rd); Government exposes Sinn Fein intrigues with Germany (1st); Allied

Nationalities

Ostend & Zeebrugge Ostend

Kirkuk operations

Great fire in Constantinople (31st) French & Italian declaration on Polish, Czechoslovak & Yugoslav questions (3rd); Imperial War Conference meets in London (12th); Malinov becomes Bulgarian PM (16th); Food riots and strikes in Vienna (17th); Labour (24th):

British,

Conference in

in

1

nndon

(Pfith)

Sinn Fein proclaimed a dangerous organisation (3rd); Hintze succeeds Kuhlmann as German Foreign Secretary (9th); Reshuffle of British

Operations

Mocambique

government

distnct

(19th);

Hussarek succeeds Seidler as Austrian

PM

(24th)

Japanese & US concord to send troops to Vladivostok (2nd); Britain recognises Czechoslovakia (13th); US severs relations with Russia (15th); National Yugoslav Council meets (16th); US lower house passes Manpower Bill (24th) Final

Allied

Palestine offensive

of

I

US recognises Czechoslovakia

as an Ally (3rd); Germany makes a peace offer (14th); Austria offers to discuss peace (15th): Wilson rejects Austrian offer (16th); Other Allies reject Austrian offer (18th); Japanese government resigns (24th): All German Secretaries of State resign (30th)

defence

to

Baku

Megiddo

Belgium

recognise the Arabs as an Ally (2nd): Prince Max of Baden becomes German Chancellor, Germany & Austria ask Wilson for armistice talks, & Boris becomes King of Bulgaria on abdication of Ferdinand (4th): Allies recognise Allies

Pursuit

through

Pursuit into

Syria

Rhodesia

Advance Mosul

•Allied fleet passes througti

to

Dardanelles

*G submarine forces fi HSF siirrendpr tn

Polish National Army (12th); Yugoslavia & Czechoslovakia independent (17th) Riots in Vienna and Buda-Pest (2nd): Republican majority in US Congress elections {5th): Bavarian Republic declared (8th): Kaiser abdicates (9th); Armistice with Germany (1 Ith); Karl abdicates in Vienna (13th): German-

Austrian Republic declared

Vienna (14th)

in

the British

Armistice prolonged (13th): British General Election (14th): Coalition government returned (28th)

June 28, 1919 September 10, 1919 November 27, 1919

Treaty of Versailles (Germany) Treaty of Saint-Germain (Austria) Treaty of Neuilly (Bulgaria)

Salonika Lieutenant-General Sir Bryan Mahon Lieutenant-General G. F. Milne May

January

Treaty of Versailles ratified

Italy

May

Allied

10, 1920 1920 June 4, 1920 August 10, 1920

Treaty of Trianon (Hungary) Treaty of Sevres (Turkey)

July 24, 1923

Treaty of Lausanne (Kemalist Turkey)

11,

peace terms handed

to

-May 9,

General Sir Herbert Plumer November 4, 1917-March Lieutenant-General the Earl of Cavan March 5, 1918-

Turkey

1916

9,

1916-

5,

1918

East Africa Brigadier-General J. M. Stewart -April 29, 1915 Major-General M. Tighe April 29, 1915-November 24, 1915 General Sir H. Smith-Dorrien November 24, 1915-February 2, 1916 Lieutenant-General J. C. Smuts February 2, 1916-January 20, 1917 Major-General A. R. Hoskins January 20, 1917-May 29, 1917 General Sir Jacob van Deventer May 29, 1917I.

British

Commanders-in-Chief, 1914-1918

British Expeditionary

Field-Marsfial Sir

Force

John French

General Sir Douglas Haig

August

December

4,

15,

1914-December

15,

1915

Togoland Lieutenant-Colonel

1915-

Mesopotamia

Cameroon

Lieutenant-General Sir A. A. Barrett November 14, 1914-April 9, 1915 General Sir John Nixon April 9. 1915-January 19, 1916 General Sir P. H. N. Lake January 19, 1916-August 27, 1916 Lieutenant-General Sir S. Maude August 27, 1916-November 18, 1917 Lieutenant-General Sir W. R. Marshall November 18, 1917-

Major-General Sir

Egypt and Palestine General Sir Julian Byng

-September 1914 Lieutenant-General Sir John Maxwell September 1914-March 1916 General Sir Archibald Murray March 19, 1916-June 29, 1917 General Sir Edmund Allenby June 29, 1917-

General Sir lain Hamilton March 11, 1915-October 17. 1915 General Sir Charles Monro October 28, 1915(Lieutenant-General Sir William Birdwood commanded the evacuation from January 1, 1916)

C. Bryant

C. Dobell

August

August

24,

7,

1914-August

1914-February

26. 1914

18.

1916

South-West Africa Colonel Skinner December 21, 1914-February 11, 1915 General Louis Botha February 11, 1915-July 9, 1915 Tsingtao Brigadier-General Barnardiston

September

23,

1914-November

7,

1914 19,

Ttie

Grand

Fleet

Admiral Sir John Jellicoe Admiral Sir David Beatty

August

4,

November

1914-November

29,

1916

29, 1916-

Royal Flying Corps and Royal Air Force Major-General Sir David Henderson August 4. 1914-August 19. 1915 Lieutenant-Colonel H. Trenchard August 19. 1915-December 28. 1917 Major-General J. M. Salmond December 28, 1917Thie

Gallipoli

F.

)

General Bibliography The General Bibliography

lists over 1000 English language publications carefully selected to offer student and general reader alike access to a broad range of reading matter available on War War I and closely related subjects. The thematic subject classifications have been chosen to follow subjects within the Encyclopedia as a whole. Wherever possible, obscure or unavailable titles have not been included, and the lists combine most of the specific further reading recommendations at the end of each main Encyclopedia entry plus many more English language publications in relevant fields of study. For fully comprehensive, or specialist, bibliographies look under the Bibliographies heading.

Macmillan,

Air warfare

W E The first war planes (New York: Fawcett 1964) M War planes of the First World War (New York: Doubleday

Barrett,

Bruce, J 1972)

Campbell

C Aces and aircraft of World War I

Christy J and Shamburger, P Aces Norwark, Conn: Sports Car 1968)

(Blandford Press 1981

and planes of World War

I (East

A Aces high: the war in the air over the Western Front, 1914-18 (London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson 1973) Castle, H G Fire over England; the German air raids of World War I Clark,

(Leo Cooper 1982)

Clifford,

G R My experiences as an

aviator in the

World War

(Boston,

Mass: Badger 1928)

Brown 1937) Contact (pseud) Cavalry of the clouds (New York: Doubleday 1918) J

(Boston, Mass:

R Winged Mars

Little,

(Harrisburg, Pa: Military Service 1947)

1974) Farre,

H

Fitch,

WS

Sky fighters of France: aerial warfare, 1914-1918 (Boston, Mass: Houghton Mifflin 1919) Wings

in the

night (Boston, Mass: Jones, Marshall 1938) air battles of World War I (London:

B ed Warplanes and

Fitzsimons,

Phoebus 1973) Frank, S H American Air Service observation

in

World War I (Ann

Arbor, Mi: University microfilms International 1980)

W S An aerial observer

Gilchrist, J Gilchrist

in

World War

1 (Richmond, Va:

1966)

Grider, J

M

War

birds: diary

of an unknown aviator (London: Hamilton

1927)

Guttersen,

G

Granville tales

and

tail

spins from a flyer's diary (New

York: Abingdon Press 1919)

H E Wings over France (Folkestone, Kent: Bailey 1974) E Luck on the wing: thirteen stories of a sky spy (New

Hartney, Haslett,

Offensive patrol: the story of the

RNAS, RFC, and

of two air wars (London: Bell 1953) E C The Great War in the air (London: Waverley 1920) Money, R R Flying and soldiering (London: Nicholson & Watson 1937) Montgomery-Moore, C That's my bloody plane: World War I Tales

Middleton,

experiences (Chester, Conn: Pequot Press 1975) Morison, F War on great cities: a study of the facts (London: Faber 1937)

Munson, K Aircraft of World War I (London: Ian Allan 1967) Norman, A The great air war (London: Collier-Macmillan 1968) Oughton, F The aces (London: Spearman 1961) Phelan, J A Aircraft and flyers of the First World War (London: Piatt

F C comp Great

battles

of World War I

(in

the air) (London:

New

English Library 1966)

Raleigh, Sir

GC

World War I aeroplanes (London: Ward Lock 1974) Driggs, L la T Heroes of aviation: authentic stories of the great aviators in the war (Boston, Mass: Little, Brown 1918) Elliott, S E Wooden crates and gallant pilots (Philadelphia, Pa: Dorrance Davies,

N

Italy (London: Jarrolds 1973)

Stephens 1974)

Codman, C R Contact Cuneo,

RAF in

Q

W The war

in the air (Oxford: Clarendon 1922-28)

They fought for the sky: the story of the First World War in the air (New York: Rinehart 1957) Roskill S Admiral of the Fleet, Earl Beatty (London: Collins 1980) Smith, Myron J jr World War I in the air: a bibliography and a chronology (New York: Scarecrow Press 1977) Springs, E Above the bright blue sky: more about the war birds (New York: Doubleday 1928) Stark, R Wings of war: an airman 's diary of the last year of World Reynolds,

J

W

War One

(London: Hamilton 1933)

W

Sutherland, L and Ellison, N Aces and kings (Sydney, Austr: Angus & Robertson 1935) Thetford, O G and Riding, E J Aircraft of the 1914-18 war (Leicester: Hartorough 1946) Whitehouse, A (pseud) Decisive air battles of the First World War

(New

York: Duell 1963)

Heroes of the sunlit skies (New York: Doubleday 1967) The years of the sky kings (London: Macdonald 1960) Woodhouse, J and Embleton, G The war in the air, 1914-1918 (London: Almark 1974)

York:

Dutton 1920)

Hastings,

(New

H D and

Parker,

P War planes

in battle dress,

1914-18

York: Walker 1964)

Ideas and weapons: exploitation of the aerial weapon by the United States during World War I (London: OUP 1953) Jablonski, E The knighted skies: a pictorial history of World War I in the air (London: Nelson 1964) The official history of the war in the air (Oxford: Clarendon Jones,

Holley,

I

B

HA

Allenby

C Armageddon, 1918 (London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson 1964) Gardner, B Allenby (London: Cassell 1965) Gilbert, V The romance of the last Crusade (New York: Appleton 1924) Savage, R Allenby of Armageddon (London: Diamond 1928) Wavell, Sir A P Allenby (London: Harrap 1940-1943) Falls,

1928) Sir Walter Raleigh

and the

air history:

a personal recollection

(London: Arnold 1922)

A

The first war planes (London: Phoenix 1972) King, H F Sopwith aircraft 1912-1920 (London: Putnam 1981) Leigh, H Planes of the Great War (London: Hamilton 1934) Longstreet, S The canvas falcons: the story of the men and the planes of World War I (Cleveland. Ohio: World Publishing 1970) McKee, A The friendless sky: the story of air combat in World War I Kershaw,

(London: Souvenir Press 1962)

3558

Animals Baker, P S Animal war heroes (London Black 1933) Baynes, E H Animal heroes of the Great War (New York: Macmillan 1927)

Clark,

A

Cooper

J

Donkeys Animals

Richardson,

E

H

(London: Hutchinson 1961) at

War

British

(London: Heinemann 1983) war dogs (London Skeffington 1920)

Rohan,

Rags: the story of a dog

J

who went

to

war (New

BIBLIOGRAPHY

York: Harper

1930)

L Tasmania's war

Broinowski,

Armistice

1921) Jennings,

C N Armistice,

Barclay,

Maurice,

Sir

1918 (London: Dent 1968) F B The Armistices of 1918 (London: Royal

Institute of

H R Armistice,

M J Australia in the Great

1914-1918

War

(Hobart, Tas:

(Melbourne:

Hill

of

Walch

Content

1970)

H Participation

Kempe,

(Melbourne: Hawthorn 1973) Australia during the war (Sydney: Australian War Memorial 1938) Souter, C Lion and Kangaroo: the initiation of Australia, 1901-1919

International Affairs 1943)

Rudin,

record,

E

Scott,

1918 (New Haven, Conn: Yale UP 1944)

(Sydney: Collins 1976)

Arms and Armor

WG

jr Great weapons of World War I (New York: Walker 1969) The social history of the machine-gun (London: Croom Helm

Dooly, Ellis, J

1975)

Hogg, Hogg,

V The machine-gun (London: Phoebus 1976) V and Weeks, J Military small arms of the twentieth

I I

G H Australian

Wilkins,

& Armour Press 1974) HoUey, I B Ideas and weapons (London: OUP 1953) Terraine J White Heat: the new warfare 1914-1918 (London:

Nov. 1917

to the

war photographs: a pictorial record from end of the war (London: Australia House 1919)

Australian Air Force century

(London: Arms

M

Australian Flying Corps in the Western and Eastern F of war, 1914-1918 (Sydney: Angus & Robertson 1923) White, T Guests of the unspeakable: the odyssey of an Australian being a record of captivity and escape in Turkey (London: airman Cutlack, theatres

Guild

W —

Hamilton 1928)

Publishing 1982)

Wilkinson, F World

War I weapons and uniforms

(London:

Ward Lock

1978)

Army

Australian

B Heroes

Bergonzi

Twilight: a study

of the

literature

of the Great War

(Macmillan 1980)

A E Art and the

Gallatin,

Great Britain Imperial

Great War (New York: Dutton 1919) War Museum War pictures (London: HMSO

1919)

Great Britain Ministry of Information War paintings and drawings by (New York: Carnegie Institute 1919) Hager, P E and Taylor, D The novels of World War I: an annotated bibliography (New York: Garland 1981) By motor to the firing line: an artist's notes and sketches Hale, with the armies of Northern France June- July 1915 (New York: Century

British artists

W

1916)

Lehman,

The English poets of the

J

CE

Bean,

Arts and Literature

First

World War (Ann

Arbor, Mi:

DA

The Australians

1957)

Arbor, Mi: University Microfilms

International 1980)

Country

Life

Sir

in

France, 1917-1919 (London: Williams &

Norgate 1921) Pennell, J Pictures

of war work

America

in

(Philadelphia: Lippincott

1918)

Pictures of war Theofiles,

work

G American

in

England (London: Heinemann 1916)

Posters of World

War

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(Boston, Mass.

Wrentmore,

De

Dickinson,

B

1919) Stringfellow, J S Hell! no! this

Foreign Policy (Berkeley,

M

Mass:

York: Harper 1963)

W

W

The unknown soldier (New York: Doubleday 1929) comp History of the A.E.F. (Miami, Fla: De De Castelbled,

Dawson,

L

Stallings,

E

W

War

Fighting the flying circus (New York Doubleday birds: the diary

of an unknown aviator (London

Hamilton 1931) Irvin, F L comps Francis L. Spike Irvin's war of the 148th Aero Squadron Aviation Section

diary.

(Manhattan, Kan: Aerospace 1974)

Toulmin, H A Air service, American Expeditionary Force. 1918 (New York: Van Nostrand 1927)

(Chicago: Judy 1930)

Lonergan,

TC

//

of the struggles

might have been

lost!:

a chronicle from alien sources of the A.E.F. (New

to preserve the national identity

Putnam 1929) Loomis, E L comp History of the 304th Ammunition train (Boston, Mass: Badger 1920) McCormick, R R The Army of 1918 (New York: Harcourt 1920) MacVeach, E C The Yankee in the British zone (New York: Putnam 1920) Miller, H The boys of 1917: famous American heroes of the World War (Boston, Mass: page 1939) York:

W

C

Heroes of the Army (Philadelphia, Pa: Lippincott 1919) H Trench artillery, A.E.F.: the personal experiences of lieutenants and captains of artillery who served with trench mortars Morris,

Ottosen,

P

(Boston, Mass: Lothrop 1931)

Pugh,

I

E and

battlefront

Rogers,

H

Thayer,

maps

W F Forgotten fights of the A.E.F.: seven

I through

my sights

(San Rafael, Cal: Presidio

W

(Washington DC: 1920) J E and Pattullo, G One man's war: the diary of a leatherneck (New York: Sears 1928) Suskind, R The battle of Belleau Wood: the Marines stand fast

(London: Collier-Macmillan 1964)

Thomason,

1977)

A

Infantry Regiments of the Publications 1981)

Sawicki,

W

Abbot, J Soldiers of the sea: the story of the United States Marine Corps (New York: Dodd 1918) Catlin, A 'With the help of God, and a few Marines': the U.S. Marine Corps during the European war (London Curtis Brown 1919) Cowing, K F comp 'Dear folks at home ... V the glorious story of the U.S. Marines in France (Boston, Mass Houghton Mifflin 1919) Hemrick, L E Once a Marine (New York Carlton 1968) MacClellan, E N The U.S. Marine Corps in the World War Rendinell,

(Boston, Mass: Roxburgh 1921)

World War

United States Marines

J

US Army

Dumfries, Va: Wyvern

W

J Fix bayonets!: experiences with the 1st Battalion, 5th Regiment, U.S. Marine Corps in France. 1917-18 (New York Scnbner

1926)

3577

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Seymour,

United States Navy

1937)

C Letters from the Paris Peace Conference (New Haven, Conn: Yale UP 1965) Shotwell, iT At the Paris Peace Conference (New York: Macmillan What Germany forgot (New

Abbot W J Blue Jackets of 1918: the story of the work of the American Savy in the H'orld War (New York: Dodd 1921) Husband, J On the coast of France: the story of the United States Naval Force in French waters (Chicago: McClurg 1919)

A

Year

in the

Navy

T B Naval

Kittredge,

of the Great War (New

York:

Doubleday

1921)

Leighton,

L Simsadus: London:

J

the

American Navy

in

-I

The mirage of Versailles (London: Allen & Unwin 1928) E Revisions of the Treaty of Versailles (New York:

Columbia UP 1939) The Treaty of Versailles: the essential text and amendments (London: Peace 1940) Wegerer, A von A refutation of the Versailles war guilt (New York: Knopf 1930)

(Boston, Mass: Houghton Mifflin 1919)

lessons

W

Stephens,

York: Macmillan 1940)

H

Stegemann,

,

Europe (New

York: Holt 1920)

ii

R The splinter fleet of the Otranto

Millholland.

Ind: Bobbs-Merrill

R D

Paine.

N

L

Li:

(Indianapolis,

a story of Naval Aviation, 1916-1919

Davison 1920)

Naval Consulting Board of the United States (Washington

DC: 1920)

P

Silverstone,

United States

Victoria Cross

1936)

First Yale Unit:

(Locust Valley,

Scott,

Barrage

War I (London: Ian Allan Bureau of Ordnance Navy Ordnance activities, U.S. Warships of World

1970)

1917-1918 (Washington DC: 1920) United States Navy Department The Medical Department of the United States Navy with the Army and Marine corps in France in World War I: its functions and employment (Washington DC: Bureau Medicine and Surgery 1947)

H Hunting the German shark: the American underseas war (New York: Century 1918) WTiitaker,

Navy

Asghar-Ali, Sardar Our heroes of the Great War: a record of the V.C. 's won by the Indian Army during the Great War (Bombay: 1922) Bowyer, C For valour: the air V.C.s (London: Kimber 1978) Albert Ball V.C. (London: Kimber 1977) Boyle, H D Gallant deeds: being a record of the circumstances under which the Victoria Cross, Conspicuous Gallantry, or Albert Medal were won by Petty Officers, Non-Commissioned Officers and

W

men of the Royal Navy, Royal Marines and of

in the

WA

Briscoe,

The boy hero of the

air:

Captain Albert Ball, V.C.

(London: Milford 1921)

M Hardy,

Hardy,

V.C: an appreciation of Theodore Bay ley Hardy

(London: Skeffington 1920)

Hawker, T

Hawker

M Hawker,

Sir

The

Johns, Kiernan,

RH

Verdun, 1914-1918 (Milltown, NJ: Michelin Tire 1920) Verdun (New York: Macmillan 1964) K The white road to Verdun (London: Hodder & Stoughton 1916) A In the hell of Verdun (London: Cassell 1930) Hermanns, The holocaust: from a survivor of Verdun (New York:

G

W

the biography

of the

late

Major

L. G.

W Submariners V.C. (London: Davies 1962) W Ev4/r V.C.'s (London: Hamilton 1935)

Jameson,

Battle of

V.C:

(London: Mitre 1965)

Verdun Blond, Burke, Hein,

the Reserve Forces

(Portsmouth: 1930)

Captain Albert Ball, V.C. (London: Hamilton 1933)

A Memoir and some letters of Frank Maxwell,

I

V.C. (London: Murray

1921)

A O Fire-eater:

Pollard,

the

memoirs of a V.C

(London: Hutchinson

1932)

Harper 1972)

Home,

A

The price of glory: Verdun, 1916 (London: Macmillan 1962) (London: Chatto & Windus 1929) Verdun experiences (Washington DC: Courant 1945) P B Verdun (London: Mathews & Marrot 1930)

Juenger,

E The storm of steel

Lambie,

M

Petain,

H

Vimy Ridge McKee, A Vimy Ridge

Versailles Beer,

G L African

questions at the Paris Peace Conference (New York:

Macmillan 1923) Bonsals, S Unfinished business (London: Joseph 1944) Carrie,

RA

Italy at the Paris

Peace Conference (New

Western Front York:

Columbia UP

Ashmead

Bartlett,

E From

the

Somme

to the

Rhine (London: Lane

1921)

1938)

Dawson,

W H Germany under the Treaty (London:

& Unwin 1933) Ebray, A A Frenchman looks at the peace (London: Kegan Paul 1927) Elcock, H J Portrait of a decision: the Council of Four and the Treaty of Versailles (London: Eyre & Spottiswoode 1972) Fabre-Luce, A The limitations of victory (London: Allen & Unwin 1926) Garnerin de Montgelas, count The case for the Central Powers: an impeachment of the Versailles verdict (London: Allen & Unwin 1925) Goldberg, G The peace to end peace: the Paris Peace Conference of 1919 (New York: Harcourt 1969) Hankey, P A 1st baron The supreme control at the Paris Peace Conference, 1919: a commentary (London: Allen & Unwin 1963) Headlam-Morley, Sir J A memoir of the Paris Peace Conference, 1919 Allen

MM

M

T E The

King, J

C

Treaty of Versailles: was it just? (London: Nelson 1942) Foch versus Clemenceau: France and German

dismemberment 1918-19 (London: GUP 1960) Lederer, I J comp The Versailles settlement: was

it

foredoomed

to

failure? (Boston, Mass: Heath 1960)

Marston, F S The Peace Conference of 1919: organization and procedure (London: OUP 1944) Mayer, A J Politics and diplomacy of peacemaking: containment and counter-revolution at Versailles, 1918-1919 (London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson 1968)

Mee C L

Banting,

jr The end of order: Versailles 1919 (London: Seeker & Warburg 1981) Myers, D P The Treaty of Versailles and after: annotations of the text of the Treaty (Washington DC: US Dept. of State 1947) Schiff, V The Germans at Versailles, 1919 (Williams & Norgate 1930)

D R and

Embleton,

GA

The Western Front, 1914-1918

(London: Almark 1974)

Behrend,

A As from Kemmel Hill: an

adjutant in France and & Spottiswoode 1963) Farewell, Leicester Square: the Old Contemptibles, 12

Flanders, 1917

Caffrey,

K

and 1918

(London: Eyre

August- 19 November 1914 (London: Andre Deutsche 1980) Carrington, C E Soldier from the wars returning (London:

Hutchinson

1965)

Cowley, R 1918; the gamble for victory: the greatest attack of World War I (New York: Macmillan 1964) Dawson, C Living bayonets: a record of the last push (London: Lane

W

1919)

Fennah,

(London: Methuen 1972)

Jessop,

3578

(London: Souvenir 1966)

K

The shadow of Vimy Ridge (London: Kimber 1965) Vimy Ridge (New York: Ballantine 1972) Wood, H F Vimy (London: Macdonald 1967) Macksey,

A Retaliation

1914-1918 (London: Houghton 1935)

EB

Gansser, On the battle fields of France in 1918 (Grand Rapids, Mich: Gansser 1958) Gauld, H D The truth from the trenches: experiences in France,

1916-18 (London: Stockwell 1927) Gowland, J S War is like that (London: Hamilton 1933) Hope, T S The winding road unfolds (London: Putnam 1937) Home, A Death of a generation: from Neuve Chapelle to Verdun and the Somme (London: Macdonald 1970) Kearsey, H C Notes on the campaign in France, 1914, from the beginning of hostilities until the end of the battle of the River Aisne (London: Sifton Praed 1926) 1915 campaign in France: the battles of Aubers Ridge, Festubert and Loos (Aldershot: Gale & Polden 1930) Lewis, P Blasting and bombardiering (London: Eyre & Spottiswoode

A

W

1937)

f

M

Middlebrook, the

German

The Kaiser's

battle;

W

Military operations. France and Belgium, 1916: 2nd July 1916 to the end of the battle of the Somme (London: Macmillan 1938) Minder, C F The man's war: the day-by-day record of an American Private on the Western Front (New York: Payson 1931) Moore, See how they ran: the British retreat of 1918 (London: Cooper 1970) Musgrave. G C Under four flags for France (New York: Appleton 1918) Miles,

W

Nicholson,

W N Behind the lines (London: Cape 1939)

E C American Front

Peixotto,

in

France (New

W

H

Allen 1943)

addresses of Woodrow Wilson (Boston, Mass: Ginn 1918) The Wilson administration and the Great War (Boston,

War

W

Mass: Badger 1922)

York: Scribner 1919)

Women Braybon,

(London: Hutchinson 1928)

workers

in the First

and

the

World War: the

World War (New

British

York: Appleton

1918)

M

Heinemann 1930) Terraine, J The road to Passchendaele; the Flanders Offensive: a Cooper 1977)

The Western Front, 1914-1918 (London: Hutchinson 1964) Tucker, J F Johnny get your gun: a personal narrative of the Somme, Ypres and Arras (London: Kimber 1978)

Women wanted: the story written in blood red letters Daggett, Mrs on the horizon of the great World War (New York: Doran 1918) Fitch, R L Madame France (New York: Woman's P 1919) Eraser, H Women and war work (Chicago: Shaw G Arnold 1918) James, B R For God, for country, for home: a story of the first national organization of American women for war service (New York: Putnam 1920)

Women's Army

in France (London: Heinemann 1919) Sapper Dorothy Lawrence, the only English woman soldier, late Royal Engineers (London: Lane 1919) Marwick, A Women at war, 1914-1918 (London: Fontana 1977) Mitchell, D Women on the warpath: the story of the women of the First World War (London: Cape 1966) Bright armour: memories offour years of war Salmond, Lady

British

Lawrence,

G

Wynne, C If Germany attacks: the battle in depth in the West: lessons from the Western Front, 1915-17 (London: Faber 1940) X, Bombardier pseud So this was war!: the truth about and Eastern Fronts revealed (London: Hutchinson 1930)

G Women

experience (Croom Helm 1981) Clarke, I C American women

Smith, Gene 5^/7/ quiet on the Western Front: fifty years later (New York: Morrow 1965) Sparrow, A A H The land-locked lake (London: Barker 1932) Spears, E L Liaison 1914: a narrative of the great retreat (London:

in inevitability (London:

W

America and freedom: the statements of President Wilson, T Wilson on the war (London: Allen & Unwin 1917) Messages and papers (New York: Doran 1924) This man was right: Woodrow Wilson speaks again (London:

Young, E

Pound, R The lost generation (London: Constable 1964) Richards, F Old soldiers never die (London: Faber 1933) Robinson, H R Belated comments on a great event: the German offensive in the Spring of 1918 (London: Williams & Norgate 1932) Russell, H Slaves of the war lords: experiences in France, 1916-18

study

BIBLIOGRAPHY

21 March 1918: the first day of

Spring offensive (London: Allen Lane 1978)

the Western

D

MM

Woodrow A M Claude Kitchin and the

Wilson, Arnett,

Houghton Bailey,

Mifflin

(London: Faber 1935)

Wilson war policies (Boston, Mass:

the

Woodrow Wilson and the lost peace (New York: Macmillan 1944) Baker, R S Woodrow Wilson and world settlement (London: Heinemann 1923)

Wilson:

life

and

letters

(New

York:

Doubleday

1927-1939)

M

The passing of the new freedom: a criticism of President Beck, J Wilson (New York: Doran 1920) Bishop, A and Smart, T War Diary 1913-1917/Vera Brittain (London: Daniels, J The Wilson era (Chapel 1 944-1 946)

P A baron Too proud (London: OUP 1974)

Devlin,

Hill,

NC: University

to fight:

of North Carolina

P

Mr

H HC

W

and Wilson, The Hoover- Wilson wartime correspondence, Sept. 24, 1914 to Nov. 11, 1918 (Ames, Iowa: Iowa State

UP 1974)

Houston, D F Eight years with Wilson's Cabinet, 1913-1920 (London: Heinemann 1926) Lawrence, D The true story of Woodrow Wilson (New York: Doran 1924) Link,

The Wipers Times: a complete facsimile of the famous World War trench newspaper (London: Davies 1973) Wombell, P Battle, Passchendaele, 1917: evidence of war's reality

Wilson's neutrality

R H Woodrow

Hoover,

T Wipers (London: Hamilton 1974) Farrar-Hockley, A Death of an Army (London: Barker 1967) Giles, J The Ypres Salient (London: Cooper 1970) Gladden, N Ypres, 1917: a personal account (London: Kimber 1967) Hunter, J T Hell at Ypres (San Antonio, Cal: Naylor 1934) Mottram, R H Through the Menin Gate (London: Chatto & Windus 1932) Carew,

(London: 1981)

Woodrow

Wilson's war (New York: Doubleday 1962) Wilson and the Far East: the diplomacy of the Shantung question (New York: Crowell 1952) Hoover, C The ordeal of Woodrow Wilson (London: Museum 1958) J

Ypres

One

Gollancz 1981)

Fi field,

others see her: an Englishwoman's impressions of in war time (Boston, Mass: Houghton Mifflin 1919)

Wilson and the great betrayal (New York:

Macmillan 1945)

Dos Passos,

As

American woman

1937)

T A Woodrow

Woodrow

Smith, Annie S

A

S Wilson the diplomatist: a look at his major foreign policies (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins UP 1957) Mamatey, V S The United States and East Central Europe, 1914-1918: a study in Wilsonian diplomacy and propaganda (Princeton, NJ: Princeton

W

UP 1957)

Martin, L Peace without victory: Woodrow Wilson and the British Liberals (New Haven, Conn: Yale UP 1958) Notter, H The origins of the foreign policy of Woodrow Wilson (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins UP 1937)

A The British Press and Wilson neutrality (Stanford, Cal: UP 1951) Rozwenc, E C and Lyons, T Realism and idealism in Wilson's peace program (Boston, Mass: Heath 1965) Viereck, G S The strangest friendship in history: Woodrow Wilson and Colonel House (London: Duckworth 1932)

Zeebrugge Carpenter, A F B The blocking of Zeebrugge (London Jenkins 1922) Keyes, Sir R J B Ostend and Zeebrugge, April 23-May 10. 1918: the despatches of Vice- Admiral Sir Roger Keyes and other narratives of the operations (London: Milford 1919) Pitt, B Zeebrugge, St George's Day, 1918 (London: Cassell 1958) Warner, P The Zeebrugge raid (London: Kimber 1978)

Zeppelins Dudley,

E Monsters of the purple

and death of the

Zeppelins, first

twilight: the true story

menace from

of the

life

the skies (London: Harrap

1960)

Poolman, K Zeppelins over England (London Evans 1960) Robinson, D H The Zeppelin in combat: a history of the German Naval Airship Division, 1912-1918 (London Foulis 1962) Whitehouse, A The Zeppelin fighters (New York Doubleday 1966) Wright, C E The fate of Zeppelin L32 (Billericay, Essex Chanticleer 1978)

Rappaport, Stanford

White,

WA

Woodrow

Wilson (Boston, Mass: Houghton

Mifflin

1924)

Zimmerman R jr Decision for war, 1917: the Laconia sinking and the Zimmerman telegram as key factors in the public reaction against Germany (West Ringge, NH: R. R, Smith 1953) Tuchman, B W The Zimmerman telegram (New York Viking 1958) Spencer, S

3579

Index The index entries to The Marshall Cavendish Encyclopedia of World War I are grouped under two main headings: the General Index and the Classified Index.

The General Index is an amalgamated alphabetical

list

of all

places, personalities, events and illustrations within the set. The Classified Index provides the user with speedy access to particular areas of study under the following headings:

Military

Commanders

3604

Statesmen and Significant Individuals

3610

Ships

3620

Illustrations

and Diagrams

3621

Dates of Major Battles

3623

Entries in the Illustrations and Diagrams are further subdivided into specific subjects:

Aircraft Artillery

Ships and Naval

Armaments

Vehicles

Charts and Diagrams

Throughout the

text important entries are picked out in bold letters. Numbers printed bold refer to volumes, and page numbers in italic indicate important or detailed references. Officers are referred to by the highest rank attained during the War, and in the case of major entries their birth and death dates are included. Entries in the Classified Index also occur within the amalgamated General Index.

GENERAL A7V

f

3:707; 5:1463

Abbeville, 1:301 f Abd el Kadr, 10:3015 Abd-el-Krim (1882-1903), 1:24

Abdul Hamid

Sultan (1842-1918), 2:398; 5:1520 f; 6:1786, 1907; 11:3353 Abdul Kerim, Gen., 2:502 Abdulla ibn-Hussein, Amir of Trans-Jordan (1882-1951), 5:1518 f, 1521 f; 8:2393 f; II,

11:3317, 3319

Abdul-Mejid, Caliph (1868-1944), 11:3355 Abercorn, 10:3112

Abonneau, Gen., 1:220

Aeroplanes,

Achmed,

1:71-6, 260-5; 2:538-43; 3:708,

Achmed

tank, 10:5098

Aachen, 1:81, 84 Abadan, 2:434, 442-8; 4:1145 Abbas II, Hilmi Pasha, Khedive (1874-1944), 2:400;

f

Ahoukir, 2:370-2; 6:1802 de Abreu, Gen. T., 4:1275 Albrolhoz Rocks, 2:524 Abruzzi, Adm. Duke of

air warfare,

721; 4:996-1003; 5:1439, 1441-51, 1553, 1574, 1602,

1608; 6:1665, 1695, 1722, 1790-5, 1854, 1862-70, 1884, 1892-9; 7:2045, 2124-32, 2162-88, 2217-42; 9:2659 f, 2701 f, 2818-32, 2864; 10:2990-6, 3018 f; 11:3292-5,

f;

5:1372 Alain-Fournier, Henri (1886-1914), 6:1843

Al Amarah, 4:1145-52, 1169;

3460-7 see also Aces,

4:1062, 1064-7 Ah vaz, 4:1142 f Ailette river, 1:286-91 Aisne river, 1:204, 286-301; 2:579 f; 3:668; 4:1183, 2105-14; 9:2778-87 Aitken, Maj.-Gen., 2:359 f;

Zeppehns

Aerschot, 1:128 Afghanistan, 1:19; 2:436 f; 5:1546 f Africa, 2:341-65, 506 f; 10:2978; 11:3333-6 see also East, South, West, etc. Africa

6:1884

Aland Is, 4:1205; 11:3358 Albania, 1:3, 59; 4:1070-74, 1098, 1103, 1106 f, 1114, 1119, 1122, 1240; 5:1582, 1588-90; 11:3375

AlbatrosB 11, 1:75 AlbatrosD 111,7:2126

Admiral Makarov, 3:949;

Africa, 1:182; 7:2312

Albatros DV, 1:2231

7:2102-4 Adrianople, 1:55, 59 f; 2:399; 11:3484 Adriatic Sea, 2:342 ff; 3:877, S85, 922-5; 4:1122-4; 6:1669; 7.>^268-72; 8:2569 f; 10:3072-5 Adaa, 1:37 2 (submarine), Z:915 Aegean Sea, 2:347 111, 6:i 795 Aehrent \al. Count von, 1:105

Agad^s, 5:1554

Albert, 10:2949-57 Albert, King of the Belgians (1875-1934), 1:109, 124-30, 135; 2:376-80, 387; 6:1879; 10:3093,

AE

9:2864

AEGC

3580

f, 911; 4:1048 Capt.. 4:1061 f, 1064 f Ferzi Pasha, Gen.,

2:500 Acre, 10:3003 Action Fran^aise, 1:37, 114; 10:3234 Acton, Adm., 7:2271 f Adalia, 4:1074; 10:3056; 11:3253 Adamello mtns., 3:894 Addison, Capt., 4:1122 f Addison, Christopher, 6:1751 9:2774; 10:3149 Aden, 2:439; 3:865; 5:1524, 1547-9 Adige, 3:894 f Adier, Friedrich (1879-1960), 6:1677

(1873-1933), 3:884, 924 Aces, air, 7:2170-9, 2217-43;

see also Aeroplanes, etc.

&

Achi Baba, 3:902

Agadir, 1:38, 44, 52; 2:361

Agamemnon,

3:721, 724;

10:3056

Aga Khan III (1877-1957), 2:434 Agincourt, 1:174; 2:400; 5:1407 Ahmed, Shah of Persia (1898-1930), 4:1157

Ahmed esh-Sheri'f-es-Senusi, Sheik Sidi (1872-1933), 3:707;

3098 Albert, Dr. Heinrich, 4:1005-8 Albert, Karl, 6:1807 f Albertini, Luigi (1871-1941), 1:89; 3:875; 11:3508 Duke of Albrecht, Wiirttemberg (1865-1939),

FM

Ambulance, 5:1362 Amery, Leo (1873-1955),

126, 152, 204, 304; 2:385-9, 394; 3:828, 834 f Albricci. Gen., 9:2864 1:87

f,

1:120;

9:2664; 11:3336

Amette, Mgr., Archbishop of

Alcantara, 6:1776 f Aldebert, Col., 1:126 Aldershot, 4:1017 d'Alenpon, Col., 5:1360 Aleppo, 10:3008 Alexander, Crown Prince of Serbia, 4:1115, 1118; 5:1582, 1586, 1589 f; 10:2981 Alexander, King of the Hellenes, 11:3485

Paris, 1:282

Amiens, 1:204, 270, 283; 2:583; 5:1611; 7:2288; 9:2919-26

Amin, Muhammed, 6:1974

ff

Amman,

10:3001 f Amritsar, 11:3300-5 Amsterdam, 2:367

(1864-1916), 5:1399 Archangel, 3:673, 938; 4:1198; 5:1470; 11:3439, 3445, 3495 f Archibald, James, 4:1008 Arco auf Valley, Anton Count von, 10:3165

Ardahan, 2:500-2 Ardennes, 1:81 f, 132, 149, 152-5, 158 ff Arethusa, 1:186, 188-93; 2:627, 632; 6:1730; 7:2313 Argonne, 2:582 f; 3:980-4; 4:1021; 6:1701; 10:3041-9 Argus, 11:3461, 3465-7 Ariadne, 1:192 f, 199 f Arienti, Maj.-Gen. G. Novak von, 3:899 Ark Royal, 4:1002; 7:2312, 2317; 10:3018

3:940f, 944, 974 f; 4:1211; 5:1470-2, 1580; 6:1914-21, 1937; 9:2898 f Alexandretta, 2:469-70 Alexandria, 2:344; 3:765-8; 4:1124 Alexandroupolis (Dedeagach), 1:60; 2:469; 4:1082

An Na^iriyah, 4:1145-9, 1169 Anastasia, Grand Duchess, 9:2901 Anastasin, Gen., 6:1720 Anatolia, 2:400; 11:3353-5 Anazeh, 10:3005 Ancona, 3:924 Ancre, 5:1602; 6:1686, 1692 Andenne, 1:128 Anderson, Capt., 3:695 Anderson, W. C, 7:2205 f Andrade, Prof. F. de, 4:1274

Alexandrovich, 9:2895

Andrassy, Count Gyula

1521; 11:3363

Alexei, Tsarevich (1904-18), 6:1915, 1921; 9:2898-2901

(1860-1929), 10:3087 Andre, consul, 9:2942 Andrew, Prince, 11:3488 f

Armin, Gen. Sixt von see Sixt von Armin

Alexandra Feodorovna, Tsarina (1872-1918), 1:29, 98;

Alexeyev, Gen. Mikhail

Angell,

Norman, 9:2858, 2860

Angerburg. 1:245 Angola, 2:413

Anguar

is, 2:338, 416 Ankara, 11:3355, 3488 d'Annunzio, Gabriele

Alfonso XIII, King of Spain (1886-1941), 6:1799; 10:2976 Algeria, 1:158; 2:341; 5:1550 f Algeciras, 1:19, 38, 52

(1863-1938), 3:881, 9:2850;

11:3257, 3280

Anschluss, 11:3258 f, 3356-3367 d'Anselme, Gen. Philippe (1864-1936), 7:2107 Anthoine, Gen. Francois

Algonquin, 7:2019 Ali Haider, Sherif, 5:1525 Ali Ibn-Hussein (1878-1935),

5:1521; 8:2394 Ali Ishan Pasha, 6:1908, 1974 f, 1982-4; 9:2762 f Ali Riza Pasha, Gen., 10:3008;

(1860-1944), 7:2107, 2289 f Anticipations, 2:592 Antonov-Ovseyenko, V. A.

11:3355

9:2673

Alison, Lt.-Cdr. R. V., 5:1413 Allanson, Major, 4:1056-8 Allen, Lt. C. H., 10:3062 Allen, Clifford, 4:1284 f; 7:2207-9

Antwerp,

FM

2058, 2064-7, 2190, 2195, 2198 f; 8:2385 f, 2389, 2400; 9:2711-5; 10:3001-9,3012-7, 3052 f; 11:3296-8, 3327 f Allenstein, 1:231-44; 11:3357 Alma Ata, 5:1354 Almeida, Dr. A. J. de, 4:1274 Alps, Camatic, 3:884, 889 f,

f,

1:85, 108,

2485;

124

ff,

158,

164, 201, 204, 269, 295,

Allen, Cdr. W. L., 5:1406, 1408 Allenburg, 1:245 Allenby, Sir Edmund,

Viscount (1861-1936), 1:164, 303 f; 2:385 f, 388; 3:927 f; 4:1212; 5:1368, 1499 f; 7:2051

(1884-1938), 8:2471

298-304; 2:367, 376-81, 385, 640; 3:713 Aonzo, Lt., 10:3074 Aosta, Gen. The Duke of (1869-1931), 3:897; 4:1230 f, 1236; 5:1457; 6:1660; 8:2368

2372

f,

f;

Apis, Col., see DimitrijevicApollinaire, Guillaume,

6:1837-41

Apponyi, Count Albert

898 Alsace, 1:146; 3:843 Alsace-Lorraine, 1:12, 24, 30, 87 f; 2:405 f; 3:842; 8:2548 f; 10:3202, 3248-52

f

Armstrong- Whitworth

FK 8,

(1846-1933), 6:1677 Apuchtins, Gen., 2:612 Aqaba, 8:2400, 2407; 10:3010 Aquitania, 1:184; 4:1058 Arabia, 1:55; 2:400; 5:1518; 11:3296-9

Arbuthnot, R.-Adm.

(Sir)

R.

f

Avarna. Giuseppe. Duke

of.

3:876. 881

Avdeyev, 9:2900 Averescu. Gen. A.. 5:1598; 6:1718, 1721; 10:3030 Aviatik B 1, 1:265 Avre river, 1:298 Avro 504, 1:265 Awni Pasha. Gen.. 4:1309 Aylmer VC, Lt.-Gen.. F. J.. 4:1163; 5:1328-31. 1334-8.

B

Arz von Straussenburg, Gen,

Bll (submarine), 2:466

Arthur, Baron, 2:493-8, 549-51; 5:1485, 1597; 6:1715; 9:2833 f; 10:3086 Ashmore, Brig.-Gen. E. B., 7:2164, 2181 Asiago, 6:1659 Asker, Khalifa ben. 5:1553 f Askeri, Lt.-Col. Suleiman,

Bacchante, 2:370-2 Bachirev, V.-Adm., 3:949 7:2104

f

10:3243 Asquith, Herbert (1852-1928), 1:44, 52. 108 ff; 2:405 f; 3:672. 678. 702 f, 713-5. 717. 760. 877; 4:1014, 1059. 1129. 1185. 1192. 1216 f. 1279-84. 1300 f; 5:1462-4; 6:1750-5, 1798, 1871 f; 9:2884-8; 10:3051, 3148-50; 11:3373 Asquith, Mrs. Margo. 4:1018;

6:1750 Aston, Maj.-Gen. Sir George (1861-1938), 1:269; 3:713 Astraea, 2:359; 3:865

Atrocities, 1:128-30, 201, 206; 2:566; 3:789-99, 801; 5:1322-7,

Amara, 2:450

3142

Auvelais. 1:161

1245

1226

5:1546;

Australia, 1:112; 4:1042-4 Australia, 1:174; 2:336-40 Austria, 11:3258 f Austria-Hungary, 1:10 f, 21 f, 97, 105-7, 119:2:414,472-4, 505; 3:676, 953-6; 4:1199; 6:1675-9, 1825-7. 1900-5; 7:2039 f; 8:2572-5; 10:3085-91.

4:1316-20 Axeh-od, P. B. (1850-1928), 6:1946, 1963; 10:3165-8 Azerbaijan, 4:1154 f Azizujah, 4:1169, 1175 f; 6:1974

Arabistan, 4:1143f Arabs, 4:1160, 1169; 5:1328, 1331, 1338, 1374, 152a5; 10:3010 f; 11:3296-9, 3310-19 Aralov, 9:2944 Aras, 2:500-2, 583

f

2476,

2:619 Arras, 1:300; 2:385; 4:1214; 5:1365; 1 -2077-95, 2146, 2190-2201, 2219-21; 10:2949-57 Arriaga, President Dr. Manoel de (1842-1917), 2:366 f Artamanov, Gen., 1:244 Artois, 3:654, 846-53; 4:1021-9,

Alvensleben, Count, 4:1106 d'Amade, Gen. Albert (1856-1941), 1:204, 213; 3:766

11:3304

633

(Rus.), 8:2472,

1342-4

Altshiller, 1:21

AmanuUah Khan,

(Brit), 2:627,

Aymerich. Gen., 2:362, 365;

Atakpame, 2:361

772

(1852-1928), 1:249-54

Aurora Aurora 2480

Arpad von Tamasy, Gen.,

Arabi Pasha, Col. (18417-1911), 3:707 Arabic, 3:685, 687; 4:1208,

f,

Auffenberg. Gen. Moritz von

9:2699

Aspinall, Capt., 4:1057 Aspinall, Col.. 4:1134 Asquith, Cynthia. 6:1842;

Apis

f

Armenians, 3:732; 5:1322-7,

3:781, 787

9:2839 Apia, 2:336 f,

trawler, 3:682 Armenia, 2:401, 500-2; 4:1154; 5:1322-7; 11:3363 f, 3485

Armenti^res, 1:304 Armistices, 10:2997-3000, 3133

Andrien, 9:2720

(1857-1918), 2:455, 463, 492; 3:940, 944; 4:1198, 1286; 5:1470, 1472, 1478, 1488, 1579 f, 1593; 6:1720, 1928, 1948, 1952-7; 8:2449; 9:2669, 2802; 11:3438 Al Faruqi, 5:1523

Armed

GENERAL INDEX

Ataturk, see Kemal Athens, 5:1587 f; 11:3489

1435

Aubers

ridge, 1:304; 2:582;

3:734 f, 851, 853-9; 4:1190; 5:1603 Auda, Abu Tayi, 10:3014, 3017 Auer, Erhard, 10:3162. 3165

f;

Bachmann. V.-Adm. G. (1860-1943). 2:636; 4:989; 6:1777 Bacon,

Adm. Sir Reginald (1863-1946). 2:372; 3:760; 6:1730, 1735; 7:2099. 2301-5; 8:2567; 9:2722 Baden. 6:1827 Baden, 10:3058,5058; 11:3452-5 Baden-Powell, Lt.-Gen. Sir Robert. Baron (1857-1941). 1:120 Badges. 8:2520 f Badoglio. Gen. Pietro. 8:2368 Bagatelle. 3:980

Baghdad, 2:432. 449. 506; 4:1166

f; 6:1779-82. 1974-84; 9:2758-65, 2767 Bahia Blanca. 3:870 Bahrain. 2:446 f Bailey. 7:22 13 f

Bailleul. 1:301.

303

Bailloud. Gen.. 4:1128

Baker. Newton. 9:2910; 10:2969. 3102

f

Baker. Ray S.. 11:3286. 3368 Bakhirev, R.-Adm.. 3:949 f; 7:2104 Bakhmetiev, Boris. 8:2548

Baku. 1:97 2802

f;

2:564; 9:2766-72.

Baldwin. Brig.-Gen.. 4:1057 Baldwin. Stanley. 10:3150; 11:3482

3581

GEyERAL L\DEX Balfour, Arthur. Earl (1848-1930). 2:407:3:713; 4:1226 f; 5:1414; 6:1735; 7:2016. 2094. 2316; 8:2406-12; 9:2774. 2802. 2940 f; 10:3149. 3207 f; 11:3297 f. 3334 f. 3340. 3460.

3495. 3508.3511 Balfourier, Gen.

M.

(1852-1933). 4:1255. 1258.

1267:5:1529. 1535

f

Balinev. Gen.. 4:1288-92 Balkans. 1:3. 10. 22. 53-60;

4:1070 f. 1098;5:1582-90 Ball. Capt. Albert (1896-1917), 5:1444: 6:1864; 7:2125-7. 2175. 2179. 2222-5 Ballard. R.-Adm. George A. (1862-1948). 2:621 Ballin. Albert (1857-1918), 1:44; 7:2042; 10:3027 f Ballodi. Col.. 10:3187 Baltic. 2:413. 564; 3:673, 839, 938, 945-51; 4:1205 f; 6:1770; 7:2102-4; 10:3184-7; 11:3345-9,

3446 Baluchistan, 5:1546 Banbury. Sir F.. 9:2887 Bapaume. 5:1602; 10:2949-57 Baptista. Major R., 4:1275 Baquet, Gen.. 3:673; 6:1707 Bar-sur-Aube. 1:204 Baralong, 3:687. 798 Baranovichi. 3:961, 967; 5:1573 Saratov. Gen.. 2:500; 4:1157; 6:1906-8. 1965. 1974, 1982; 9:2758, 2766 Barbot, Gen. E.-J. (1855-1915), 3:849,

852

Edmund

(1852-1934), 2:446 Bartenbach, Capt., 7:2077 Bartenstein, 1:241 Bartenwerffer, Gen. von,

10:3027

CSM,

3:857 Barth, Emil, 10:3120-5, 3172 Barthou, Louis, 9:2718 Baruch, Bernard, 9:2907; 11:3396, 3474 Basra, 2:442, 448 f, 506; 3:787; 4:1142-9, 1160-3; 5:1328; Barter,

3582

3481 Beaverbrook, Lord (1879-1964), 4:1190:6:1750, 1752; 8:2561 Becker, Lydia, 9:2884 Beech, 1/c, 3:905 Beer, George, 11:3374

Behncke, Adm. Paul von

f

Barclay, Sir George, 5:1592 Barclay, Sir Thomas (1853-1941), 1:37 Bardiz, 2:500 f Barham, 5:1392, 1399, 1408 Bar^s, Cmdt., 4:997 Bari, 3:924 Baring, Sir Godfrey, 9:2747 Baring, Capt. Maurice (1874-1945), 2:540; 5:1449 Barker, Capt., 2:363 Barnardiston, Maj.-Gen. Nathaniel (1858-1919), 2:322, 324, 331-3 Barnes, George, 10:3150 Barr^re, Camille, 3:876 Barrds, Maurice (1862-1923), 1:281; 2:405; 4:1258; 6:1711; 10:3234 Barrett, Gen. Sir Arthur (1857-1926), 2:448-50; 3:781; 4:1142, 1160 Barrow, Maj.-Gen., 10:3005, 3008, 3013 f

Barrow, Gen. Sir

6:1882-9 Batocki, Adolf von, 5:1627 Battenberg, Adm. Prince Louis (Marquis of Milford Haven), 1:52, i9e; 2:343, 371 f, 566; 5:1415 Battice, 1:128 Batum. 2:500; 4:1309 f; 9:2766 Baucq, PhiUppe, 3:802, 804 Bauer, Gustav, 8:2614; 10:3221; 11:3369, 3469 f Bauer, Capt. Hermann (1875-19?). 7:2077, 2083 f Bauer. Col. Max (1869-1929), 1:278; 3:676; 4:1245 f; 7:2029, 2041 f; 10:3027; 11:3469 Baumstark, Capt., 2:360 Bavaria. 10:3160-8 Bax-Ironside, Sir Henry (1859-1929), 4:1073 Bayan, 1:174 f; 3:949; 7:2104 Bayern, 7:2104 Bayly, Adm. Sir Lewis (1857-1938). 3:686 Bazelaire, Gen., 4:1259; 7:2105 BE 2a, 1:76 Bean, C. E. W., 4:1042 Beatty, Adm. Sir David, Earl (1871-1936), 1:188-93, 196; 2:469, 622 f, 626, 630-3, 637; 5:1377-9, 1382, 1384 f, 1392-5, 1397-1404, 1414-n, 1429 f; 6:1731-3; 7:2094-9; 8:2542 f, 2564-7; 10:3059-62; 11:3449,

(1866-1937), 2:641; 5:1401;

7:2104 Behring, Adm., 3:948 Beirut, 2:469 see also Lebanon Belfield, Sir Henry, 2:358 f Belfort, 1:146, 149; 3:840;

6:1701

(1854-1922), 3:875; 8:2611;

Birch, Major-Gen., Sir Noel

10:3066 BeneS, Dr. Eduard (1884-1948), 6:1676; 7:2156 f; 9:2681, 2942 f; 10:3087; 11:3261-5,3411 Bengal, 2:436 Bengal, Bay of, 2:510 Bennett, Arnold (1867-1931), 2:566 Bennigsen, Rudolf von, 2:416

(1865-1939), 4:1185

Benson, Adm. William

(1863-1942), 1:60, 62, 64, 67, 105; 3:874, 876

Berendt, Col., 4:1100 Berg, Gen., 5:1355 Berg, Lt., 6:1774 Berg, F. W. von, 10:3128 BergdoU, Grover C, 9:2904

Bergmann, Gen., 2:500-2; 4:1154 BerUn, 1:102-4, 231, 245, 249, 254, 283; 2:600; 6:1786;

10:2975,2978,3084,3115, f

Col. Prince,

10:3187 Berndt, 5:1479 Bernhardi, Gen. Friedrich von (1849-1930), 2:411; 5:1488 Bernstein, Eduard, 8:2611 Bernstorff, Count von (1862-1939), 4:1005, 1008; 6:1799-1801, 1807; 7:2014, 2212 Berry-au-Bac, 1:286 f Berthelot, Gen. Henri (1861-1931), 1:204, 226 f, 267, 274; 3:754; 5:1541; 6:1715, 1720-2; 9:2864; 10:3036;

11:3495 f Berthold, Capt., 10:3188 Bertie, Sir Francis (1844-1919), 3:789 Berzin, 8:2471 f

Belgium,

Beseler, Gen. Hans von (1850-1921), 2:377-81, 385, 388 f; 3:960; 6:1834

11:3389-91 Belgrade, 1:62

Beskids, 2:594 f Bessarabia, 1:10; 2:413; 4:1072; 5:1576, 1591 Besser, Gen., 2:498, 549, 557

Belfort Gap, 1:146 1:30, 81 f, 97, 124-38, 158, 269; 2:378, 413 f, 504; 3:789-99, 839; 6:1877-80;

99, 139 f; 2:485, 487-9; 4:1086-8, 1099; ff,

10:2987 BeUn, Gen., 1:226 f BeU, Dr., 11:3376, 3474 BeU, Gertrude (1868-1926), 2:401 Bell, Gordon, 1:264; 5:1445 BeUeau Wood, 9:2816 f Bellewaarde Ridge, 3:835 f, 926-8; 7:2296 Bellini, R.-Adm., 4:1122 f Bellini Tosi, 2:394 BeUuno, 3:897 Below, Gen. Fritz von (1853-1918), 2:601; 5:1498 f, 1514 f, 1528 f, 1533; 9:2780 Below, Gen. Otto von

Bethmann-Hollweg, Theobald von (1856-1921), 1:34, 38, 44,

(1857-1944), 2:602, 605; 5:1656; 8:2366. 2374 f, 2456 Ben-My-Chree, 4:1003; 5:1524;

Bicherakov. Col.. 9:2766 f Bienvenu-Martin. 1:65 'Big Bertha' gun, 9:2704-9 the Bight, 1:189-93 BiUings, Dr. Frank, 6:1962 Binding, Rudolf, 3:754 Bir Hakeim, 4:1061-3

7:2316 f; 11:3460 Benckendorff, Count, 2:406; 5:1464 Benedict XV, Pope

46, 62, 64, 67, 100, 104

4:1297

Surgeon-Gen., 3:911 Bischoff, Major, 10:3184 f,

Bentinck, Count, 10:3131 Bentivegni, Capt. Richard von, 7:2164 f; 9:2851 Berchtold, Leopold, Count von

Bermondt-Avalov,

Birmingham, 1:188; 2:626 Birrell, Augustine (1850-1933), Birrell,

(1855-1932), 7:2004

3172-8; 11:3456

Birdwood, Gen. Sir WiUiam (1865-1951), 3:725, 767-72, 902, 905 f, 917; 4:1044, 1050, 1053, 1059, 1131-4, 1136:5:1608, 1632; 7:2146-50; 10:3093, 3100

226; 2:407, 412 ff, 461, 566. 600, 636 f, 641; 3:679, 798, 839-42, 956; 4:989, 1199, 1225 f; 5:1562, 1564, 1621, 1628; 6:1799-1808, 1833. 1873 f, 1879; 7:2014-16, 2038-43, f,

2084 f B6thune, 1:301 f Bewsher, Capt. Paul, 7:2238-41 Beyers. 2:351 Bezobrazov. Gen., 5:1574 Bialla, 1:245

Bialyslok, 3:966

3187 Bischofsburg, 1:238, 241

Bishop VC, Major William (1894-1956), 7:2126 f, 2219-21 Bismarck, Otto, Prince von (1815-98), 1:9-19, 24, 33, 37, 80; 2:398, 473; 3:876; 10:3249;

11:3265, 3333 Bismarck Is, 2:321, 329, 336 Bismarckburg, 6:1768 Bissing, Gen. Moritz von

'

(1844-1917), 3:798, 803, 840;

6:1879 Bissolati, Leonida, 11:3253-7

Bitapalea, 2:336 f BitUs, 4:1309 Bjorko, 1:19 Blace, 4:1103 Black Day of German 9:2919-26

Army,

'The Black Hand' (Union or 1:3; 5:1590; 6:1905 Black Prince, 5:1395, 1408, 1425 Death),

Black Sea. 1:38; 2:469; 3:938; 4:1082; 5:1566 f

Blackwood, Col., 11:3496 Blanche Bay, 2:336 f Blavatsky,

I

Madame, 6:1915

Blazer, Gen., 3:662 Bleriot XI, 2:542

BUss, Gen. Tasker (1853-1930), 10:3213 Bloch, M.I. S., 3:753:4:1181 Blockade, 1:177 (map), 2:480; 3:688-93, 703, 922-5; 4:1089, 1199, 1204; 5:1377, 1425, 1559, 1562, 1584, 1621, 1624; 6:1770-7, iS77/"; 8:2339-41;

10:3193-6; 11:3368

f

Bloem, Capt. Walther, 1:171 258 f; 3:792, 797

f,

Bloemfontein, 2:349 Blucher, 1:174; 2:622-4, 626-34,

634 Blunt, Capt., 1:190 Bobrinski, Count Vladimir, 2:473 Bobrinsky, Lt.-Gen., 2:620 Bock, Col. von, 2:359; 6:1758 Bocker, Lt. Alois, 5:1434, 1437; 6:1741-3 Bodicker, V.-Adm. F. (1866-1944), 5:1377 f Bodkin, Mr., 4:1284 f Boelcke, Capt. Oswald (1891-1917), 4:1000, 1259; 5:1358, 1442-9; 6:1863 f; 7:2124 f, 2129, 2170-5 Boell, Lt., 2:359 BoelTe, Gen., 1:152 Bogatyr, 3:947-9 Bogovic, Gen. Petar, 4:1119; 5:1589 f, 1656 Bohemia, 2:474; 3:956; 10:3087

Bohm-Ermolli,

FM

Baron von

(1856-1941), 1:254; 2:457, 491-9 passim, 548, 595, 620; 5:1479,

1487 Bohn, Gen. Hans von (1853-1921), 5:1605; 7:2106 f; 9:2780, 2787, 2861; 10:3096 Boissondy, Gen., 7:2111 Bolfras, Gen. Arthur von (1838-1922), 2:496 BoUmow, 2:603, 609-11

BoUing, Major R., 10:2992 Bolo Pasha, 9:2718 Bols, Maj.-Gen. Sir Louis, 11:3315 Bolsheviks, 1:97; 2:566; 4:1294; 6:1937, 1942-7, 1949-56, 1963 Bombay, 10:2974

Bombo, 2:358 Bombs, 7:2165 Bonch-Bruyevitch, Gen. M. D. (1870-1956), 2:457, 603; 8:2488 Bone, 2:342 f Bonfol, 2:583

Bonham-Carter, Capt. M., 1:264

Bonneau, Gen., 1:146

f

Bonsai, Stephen, 11:3288 Bopp, Col., 6:1908 Borah, WilUam, 11:3394, 3506

Bordeaux, 1:204, 283

f;

2:567;

6:1706

Bordeaux, Gen. H., 5:1544 Borden, Sir Frederick, 3:818, 820 Borden, Sir Robert (1854-1937), 3:818, 820 Bordes, Capt., 9:2939, 2944 Boris,

Crown Prince

of

Bulgaria, 6:1721 Borius, Gen., 11:3495

Boroevic von Bojna, FM Baron Svetozar (1856-1920), 2:491, 498, 546, 551, 595, 616 f; 3:884, 897 f; 4:1230 f. 1233; 5:1453; 6:1660; 8:2373-7; 9:2834, 2839,

2844 Bosch, Dr. Robert (1861-1942), 3:676; 5:1622 Boselli, Paolo, 6:1660, 1671;

11:3253 Bosnia-Herzegovina, 1:3

f,

10,

22, 38, 54, 140; 2:399, 482, 484;

3:953; 4:1070, 1072, 1075, 1100; 11:3276 Bosphorus, 3:729, 732, 918;

5:1566 f Bossut, 7:2108 Boston, 11:3401 Botha, Gen. Louis (1862-1919), 2:348-53 Botha, Gen. Marie, 6:1757 Bothmer, Gen. FeUx, Count von (1852-1937), 5:1479, 1487 f, 1574 Botkin, Dr., 9:2900 Bottomley, Horatio (1860-1933), 3:799; 6:1752;

9:2776 Boucherie, Col., 10:3159 Boue de Lapeyr^re, Adm.

Augustin (1852-1924), 2:341-7; 922 f

3:708,

Boulogne. 1:84, 164; 2:387; 4:1022 Bourbon-Busset, 10:3137 Bourgeois, Leon, 10:3232; 11:3373 Boutegourd, Gen., 1:220

Bouvet, 3:718, 724 Bowen-Colthurst, Capt., 4:1300 BowhiU, Lt.-Col. F. W., 10:3020

Boxer Rising, 1:246; 2:475 Boyadzhiyev, Gen., 4:1083, 1102 f; 5:1652, 1654, 1656 Boy-Ed, Capt. Karl, 4:1005-8 Boyer, Gen., 5:1553 Boyle VC, Cdr. E. C, 3:916-19 Bradford, Adm. Sir E. E. (1858-1935), 2:627, 630 Braithwaite, Lt.-Gen. Sir

Walter (1865-1945), 3:725; 4:1059; 7:2146; 10:3098 Brandeis, Louis, 11:3404 Brandenburg, Capt. Ernst, 7:2162 f Brandis, Capt. von, 4:1273 Brand- Whitlock, 6:1877 f Bratianu, Ion (1864-1927), 4:1072, 1075; 5:1586, 1591-4; 6:1720, 1725; 10:3029-37; 11:3279, 3360-2 Braun, Otto, 6:1843; 8:2613; 10:3117 Braun, von, 10:3195 Braunthal, Julius, 7:2205 Brazzaville, 2:362 Bredow, Gen., 4:1290 Breguet-Michelin 4, 6:1794 Breithaupt, Cdr. J., 4:991-3;

Breslau, 2:342-7, 344, 400, 425, 469; 4:1262, 1309 f; 5:1437, 1566; 6:1770, 1786; 8:2569;

10:3020 Brest-Litovsk, 1:229; 3:966; 4:1103; 8:2485, 2547-50, 2620; 9:2686-91 Breton, J. L., 7:2116 Brialmont, Gen. Henri (1821-1903), 1:124, 135-8; 2:376, 616; 4:1246 Briand, Aristide (1862-1932), 1:283 f; 4:1305, 1227, 1256, 1286; 5:1498, 1500, 1648; 6:1706 f, 1800, 1871, 1874, 1902-5, 1911, 1913;7:2022-6, 2137, 2159, 2256; 8:2575; 9:2718; 11:3508 Bridgeman, Adm. Sir Francis (1848-1929), 1:196 Bridges, Maj.-Gen., Sir Wm. Throsby (1861-1915), 2:338 f; 4:1042-5 Briggs, Lt.-Gen. C. J., 7:2265; 11:3496 Briggs, Adm. Sir John, 1:176 Brilliant, 9:2724, 2729, 2737 Brillie, 7:2116-18, 2121 Brinckmann, Col., 1:126

922

f;

4:1119, 1122 f Brissel, Mr., 6:1782 Brisset, Lt.-Col., 2:364; 4:1316 Bristol, 1:184; 2:524-7, 536;

7:2272 Bristol Boxkite, 1:75 Bristol F2B, 11:3294 Bristol MIC, 9:2827

Budapest. 2:498; 3:953; 11:3270 Budenny, S. M.. 11:3429 Budva. 4:1239 Buinet, Capt., 4:2944

Brno, 10:3087 f Broad Fourteens, 2:370-2 Brocard, Cmdt, 4:1001, 1258; 5:1448 Brochin, Gen., 1:152 Brock, V.-Adm. Sir O. de B., 11:3482 Brockdorff-Rantzau, Count Ulrich von (1869-1928), 10:3125, 3221; 11:3367-9, 3412 Brockway, Fenner, 4:1284 f Brodie, C. G., 3:916 Brodie, Lt.-Cdr. T. S., 3:916 Broke, 5:1408 f; 7:2302 f Bronsart von Schellendorf, Gen. Friedrich (1864-1942), 2:500; 4:1262 Bronsart von Schellendorf, Col., 5:1632 Brooke, Lt. Rupert

Buisson. F.. 1:281 Bukharin. N. L. 9:2891

(1887-1915), 3:768; 6:1836-40;

10:3240

de Broqueville, Baron

Bukovina, 2:491; 5:1478-88. 1574, 1591; 8:2453; 11:3359 f, 765, 768; 4:1139 Bulfin, Lt.-Gen. Sir Edward (1862-1939). 2:395; 10:3002 Bulgakov. Gen., 2:606 f Bulgaria, 1:22, 54, 60; 2:482, 484, 506; 4:1059, 1070-5, 1079-83, 1098 f; 10:2982-7, Bulair, 3:730

3143

f

Bullard, Maj.-Gen. Robert,

10:3049 Bullecourt, 7:2146-53 Bulot, Brig.-Gen., 7:2134 Billow, Bernard Prince von (1849-1929), 1:8, 19, 42, 44; 2:412; 3:876, 880 Karl von Billow, (1846-1921), 1:87 f, 124-8, 161 f. 164. 204-6, 220 ff, 248, 268-72,

FM

275, 279, 286, 288. 294 Burg camp, 3:806-11

(1860-1940), 1:124; 2:377

1:250

Burgenland. 11:3358 Burgfrieden, 2:566, 574; 5:1627 Burian, Count Stephen von (1851-1922), 3:876, 881; 5:1453; 9:2689; 10:3023, 3087 Burke, Frank, 4:1007 Burleson, PMG, 10:3207

Brug^re, Gen. Henri

Burney, Adm. Sir Cecil

(1841-1918), 2:298

(1858-1929), 1:187; 2:622; 5:1398. 1407; 7:2098 Burns. John E. (1858-1943). 1:109

9:2940-4

Brentano, Prof. Ludwig (1844-1931), 2:568 Breshko-Breshkovskaya, Y. K. (1844-1934), 6:1940 Breslau, 2:457, 492

Brindisi, 2:342; 3:885,

7:2162-5, 2180 f; 8:2554-61, f; 9:2113-6; 10:2976, 3147-51; 11:3505-11, 3538-41 Brizon, 6:1712

2573

Col., 3:824 Bruce-Lockhart, Sir Robert,

Col. E., 8:2397

GENERAL INDEX

f;

Brownlow,

5:1434, 1438 Bremen, 1:181 Bremen, 1:48

Bremond,

Britain, 1:70, 91, 108-11, 119 2:504-8, 566-75; 3:671-3, 678; 4:1192-6; 6:1750-5, 1800;

Bruchmuller, Col., 4:1291; 8:2624 f; 9:2784, 2813

Brudermann, Gen.

(1850-19?),

Brulard, Gen., 3:657 Bruning, Lt. Heinrich, 10:3026; 11:3515 Brunton, Capt. C. D., 11:3318 Brusato, Gen., 5:1455 Brusilov, Gen. Alexei A. (1853-1926), 1:249; 2:491-8, 546-51, 595, 620; 3:757, 935, 944; 4:1211, 1286; 5:1472, 1478-88 passim. 1573-8; 6:1928-34, 1948, 1954-7, 1959; 8:2356, 2449 Brussels. 1:127, 164; 2:385; 3:801-4 Bryan VC, Pte, 7:2054

Bryan, William Jennings (1860-1925), 3:700-4; 4:1004-6,

1206 2009

f,

1224; 7:1994, 1998

f,

f

Bryant, Lt.-Col. F. C, 2:362-4 Bryce, Viscount (1838-1922). 3:790 Bryce Committee & Report, 3:790, 792, 797 Brzeziny. 2:464 f Buat. Gen. Edmond (1868-1923), 9:2864 Bubnov, 8:2470 f

Buchan,

Lt.-Col.

John

Sir

George

(1865-1940), 6:1881

Buchanan,

Sir

C.

f

George W.

(1854-1924), 1:98 f; 3:717. 942. 944; 6:1937. 1948. 1958 f, 1962;

7:2207 Bucharest, 9:2689

Bussche-Haddehausen, von dem, 9:2800 Biissing mobile workshop, 8:2603 Butler, Lt.-Gen.. 9:2753 Butler, Nicholas, 9:2905

Buxton, 10:3013 Bykhov. 9:2668 f Byng. Gen. Sir JuHan, Baron (1862-1935). 3:707; 4:1050, 1058. 1131; 7:2070; 8:2415-35.

2630 f; 10:3093 f. 3099 Byrnes. James. 11:3404 Byron. Col. The Hon. J., 5:1376 Bzura river. 2:458 f

Cabrinovi6. Nedeljko.

(1875-1940), 3:799; 4:1070, 1096; 6:1689

Buchanan,

Bursa. 11:3486 Burstall. Maj.-Gen. H. E.. 7:2072 Bury St. Edmunds. 2:642 Busche, Lt.-Cdr. J., 2:528 Basra, 6:1779. 1973

1:3. 5. 7

Cadorna. Gen. Count Luigi (1850-1928). 3:875, 878, 884, 897-9; 4:1198. 1211. 1230-6; 5:1455-8; 6:1674. 1875; 7:2139 f. 2274-9; 8:2365-79 Caillaux. Joseph (1863-1944)

andMme.. 1:114; 4:1197 7:2137:9:2716 Cairo. 3:707; 4:1067

f;

3583

GENERAL INDEX

Carrier pigeons, 3:928; 5:1543; 7:2045; 10:3046

Carson. Sir Calais. 1:304; 2:396; 4:1129;

(1854-1935), 6:1752:7:2094, 2098, 2212, 2216; 8:2542 f. 2574; 9:2774, 2885

6:1744; 7:2024 f; 8:2556 f Caldwell, consul. 9:2941

Callaghan.

Adm.

Edward

George

(1852-1920). 1:52

Carton de Wiart VC, Maj.-Gen. Adrian (1880-1963), 5:1533

Calles. Plutarco. 6:1814

Cartwright, H. A., 3:806-9

CallweU. Maj.-Gen. Sir Charles (1859-1928). 3:713 Calmette. Gaston (1858-1914),

Casement, Sir Roger

Sir

f,

2209,

2212-16

Caspian Sea, 9:2766-72 Cassel, Sir Ernest (1852-1921),

1:114 Calthrop. R. E.. 7:2131 f Camacho. Dr. B.. 4:1274 Cambon. Jules (1845-1935).

1:44

4:1227:6:1900-5 Cambon, Paul (1843-1924). 1:19; 2:406; 5:i5i 7.- 6:1798

Cambrai. 1:283, 298; 5:1632; 6:1689; %:2414-37; 10:3094 Came. Lt.-Col. J. A., 3:830 Cameroon, 2:361-5, 406; 4:1316-20; 11:3335

Camouflage, 4:1199; 9:2742-5; 11:3386

Campania, 7:2316; 11:3460

(1864-1916), 4:1296

f

CampbeU. VC, R.-Adm. Gordon (1886-1953), 3:687;

f

Chauvel, Gen. Sir Henry (1865-1945), 2:338; 6:1857-9, 1990-2; 8:2389 f; 10:3008,

(1865-1933), 2:370

(1865-1946), 5:1637; 8:2375-7;

ff

3:721. 724, 729. 765, 774, 914-16; 8:2561; 11:3479-82,

10:3066 f; 11:3481 Cave, Sir George, 10:3149 Cavell, Edith (1865-1915),

3489

Canal du Nord, 10:2970-2 Candler, E., 6:1891, 1898 f Canopus, 2:517-18, 525-8; 3:721

Cap Trafalgar, 1:185; 3:870 6:1770 Cape Colony, 2:349, 351 Cape Verde Islands, 3:870 Capelle,

f;

Adm. Eduard von

(1855-1931), 6:1807, 1824;

7:2015 Capello, Gen. Luigi (1859-1941), 4:1233; 6:1664;

8:2367 f Caporetto, 8:2365-84 Capper, Maj.-Gen. Sir 2:387, 389 Caprivi, Gen.

Count von,

1:13,

15

Caproni Ca

3:797, 801-4 Cavallero, Col.

Count Ugo,

10:3066 Cavigha, Lt.-Gen., 9:2839; 10:3066 Cavotti, Lt., 1:71 Cayley, Brig.-Gen., 6:1881, 1970-2, 1981, 1983

Ceannt, Eamonn, 4:1300, 1305 Cebu, 2:416 Cecek, Stanislav, 9:2679 Cecil, Lord Robert (1864-1958), 6:1752; 9:2887, 2940, 2942; 10:3195, 3208

T.,

9:2855 Caproni, Gianni, 9:2850 Capus, Alfred (1858-1922), 1:284 Garden, Adm. Sir Sackville 5,

(1857-1930), 2:469; 3:715, 721, 723-5, 762-5, 912

Carey, Lt. G. V., 4:1012 Carlowitz, Gen. A. von, 4:1287, 1291 Carmania, 3:870 f; 6:1774 Carnarvon, 2:524-36 Camet-B, 1:116; 2:566

Censorship, 6:1792 f Cer hills. 1:142 ff; 2:485 f; 4:1103 Cerny, 1:288 Cetinje, 4:1240 f Cetniks, 4:1241 Chad, 2:362 Chagos Is, 2:420 Chalmers, Lt. W. S., 5:1394 Chamberlain, George E., 7:2010; 10:3102 f Chamberlain, J. Austen

2016 3584

Sir

(1869-1938), 3:707

1:286; 2:583; 846; 4:1021-9; 6:1701 ;

f,

Chanak, see Canakkale Chang Hsun, Gen., 8:2527

Sydenham

(1848-1933), 1:82;

1

3:713; 4:1282

Class, Heinrich (1868-1953),

2:413 Claudel, Paul, 3:874 Clausewitz, Gen. Karl von (1780-1831), 1:21; 2:620; 4:1181; 9:2930 Clayton, Brig.-Gen. Sir Gilbert (1875-1929), 5:1518, 1523; 8:2397, 2405; 10:3010 f; 11:3298, 3315 Clauswitzer, Gen., 2:363

1

f;

Chetwode, Lt.-Gen. Sir Philip

CUmo,

(1869-1950), 1:204; 6:1858 f, 1989-92; 8:2387, 2391; 9:2712

f;

10:3013 f Chicago, 11:3400 f Chicherin, G. V. (1872-1936), 7:2209; 9:2803, 2944

China, 1:15. 24; 2:319, 506; 3:976-9; 8:2526 f; 11:3281-6 Chinda, Sutemi, 9:2940; 11:3288-91 Chitral, 2:450 f Chivres, 1:287-94 Cholm, 1:229, 249; 3:933 Chow Tse-tsung, Prof., 11:3286 Chretien, Gen. A. P. A. (1862-1948), 4:1246, 1252. 1255, 1267; 9:2779, 2787

1968, 1982-4; 9:2757 Coblentz see Koblenz Cochin, Capt., 5:1357 Codelli, Baron & Baroness,

Adm. Arthur

I

4:1170 Clio, 3:708 f; 4:1146-8 Coanda, Gen. C, 10:3033; 11:3362 Coastal Star No. 4, 7-2314 Cobb, Frank, 7:2015, 2019 Cobb. Irvin S., 3:792

Cobbe VC, Lt.-Gen.

Christian,

f,

Col.,

Childers, Major Robert Erskine (1870-1922), 2:591

Sir

Alexander (1870-1931), 6:1882,

2:364

Cockburn,

Lt.-Col., 2:365

Cockerill, Brig.-Gen.

George

(1867-1957), 6:1792

Cocos Is., 2:340, 424 Codes and ciphers, 1:255 ;

f;

2:455, 619, 626; 4:1089-96, 1297; 5:1406 f, 1414-16, 1594;

(1863-1926), 2:370-2 Christian X, King of Denmark (1870-1947), 2:368 Christmas truce, 2:553-9

6:1824

ColUns, Michael (1890-1922), 4:1300, 1304; 11:3520-7 Cologne, 2:640; 10:3115

(1874-1965), 1:45-6, 52, 108 ff, 181, 192, 196, 268 f; 2:343-7, 370-2, 379 f, 442 f. 520 f, 536, 563, 566, 573, 625, 626, 630, 632 f; 3:713-15, 717, 721, 723 f, 758, 760, 763, 912; 4:1035, 1059, 1089, 1130-2, 1138 f, 1157, 1185, 1189 f, 1256; 5:1360, 1415 f, 1425, 1463, 1639 f; 6:1836; 7:2248; 9:2738 f, 2774 f, 2885; 10:2949, 3022, 3056, 3080, 3084, 3147, 3150, 3209, 3227; 11:3319, 3366, 3479-82, 3484, 3488 Churin, 2:463 Cimone d'Arsiero, Monte,

Champagne,

i

Clam- Mar tinic. Count (1863-1932), 6:1827 Clandel, Maj.-Gen., 5:1544 Clarke, Sir George, Baron

Chelmsford, Viscount, 11:3307 Chemin des Dames, 1:286-91; 2:582; 7:2105-14, 2139; 8:2345 Chenot, Sergt.-Major, 4:1267, 1273 Chernov, V. M. (1876-1952), 6:1830 f; 9:2890 Chernozubov, Gen., 4:1154 f; 6:1908, 1982 Chesney, Gen. Sir George (1830-95), 2:589

11:3479 Chamberlain, Joseph

8:2409

(1856-19?), 2:388

4:1021, 1197; 5:1500; 6:1706, 1712; 7:2039, 2137; 8:2495, 2548, 2554; 9:2655, 2663 f, 2716-20, 2807; 10:2981, 2997-3000, 3030, 3133 f, 3195 3198, 3204, 3207-9, 3215, 3232-4, 3250; 11:3264, 3288, 3291, 3297-9, 3315 f, 3332-6, 3366-9, 3376-8, 3390, 3495 Clergerie, Gen. J.-B. Louis (1854-1927), 1:206 Clerk, Sir George, 11:3362

Islands, 2:506

(1836-1914), 2:349; 3:820;

Eberhard von

Claer, Gen.

Clemenceau, Georges (1841-1929), 1:114, 283

Milne

Winston

Chantilly, 8:734, 847; 4:1210-2, 1256; 6:1659, 1663, 1686, 1701, 1871, 1910 Char de Rupture 2C, 11:3406 Charleroi, 1:159, 161, 164, 283; 3:797 Charles, Emperor of AustriaHungary, see Karl

(1859-1920), 6:1814-24; 7:1993,

Cheetham,

Churchill,

Carpathian mtns,

Carranza, Venustiano, President of Mexico

Chayfor, Brig.-Gen., 6:1854, 1858; 10:3002 f, 3013

Chu Shan

3:652

1:96, 307, 312; 2:455 f, 491-3, 498, 564, 594-7; 3:930-2, 955; 5:1597 Carp, Petru, 5:1594; 10:3029

3013-17

Chavonne, 1:287, 296

(1863-1937), 4:1145; 6:1752;

King of Rumania (1839-1914), 4:1072; 5:1591 CaroUne Is, 2:319-21, 329, 336 Carol,

Cis-Leithania, 2:474

Curieres (1851-1944), 1:82, 86, 88. 146-9, 204, 278, 296, 298, 302; 2:579. 666; 4:1024, 1196, 1255 f; 6:1708, 1911; 7:2022, 2139, 2144; 8:2630 Castelnuovo, 3:899 Castro, Gen. Pimenta de, 2:366 Catt, Mrs. Carrie Chapman, 11:3418 Cattaro, 3:855, 922; 4:1122-4, 1240; 7:2268; 8:2569

Campbell. R.-Adm. Henry

Canada, 1:112; 3:818-22 Canakkale (Chanak), 2:469;

6:1665

Charlton, R.-Adm., 6:1763 Charpy, Gen., 11:3479 Charteris, Col. John (1877-1946), 1:120, 215 f; 3:743, 758; 5:1629; 8:2418. 2425 Chastenet, J., 1:284 Chatalja lines, 1:55, 60; 2:399, 576; 5:1569 Ch^telain, 2:540 Chatfield, R.-Adm. Alfred (1873-1967), 5:1385-94 Chatham, 1:49, 181 Chatham, 2:342, 359; 3:865 Chaubds, 7:2108

de Castelnau, Gen. Edouard de

Caucasus, 1:97; 2:432, 500-2, 564, 587; 3:717, 729 Caulfield, Capt., 2:360 Cavan, Lt.-Gen. Earl of

7:2308-11

Charleville, 3:636

see also Intelligence

Col di Land, 3:898 Collier, Robert, 1:71

Colomb, Adm. PhiUp (1831-99), 2:589

Columbus. 6:1821 ColvUle, Adm.. 7:2099

Comby,

Gen., 7:2144 Comet, 4:1148, 1152, 1176 Comines, 1:304

Commerce raiders, 1:184 2:334-40, 415-24; 3:870-2

f;

Compi^gne, 1:204, 264, 283; 4:1023, 1031; 7:2027; 10:3000, 3137-9

Comus,

Cpl.,

4:1045

Conde. 1:287

Cond6

canal. 1:162; 2:578

i

Congo Free

State, 1:15; 2:413; 1:38; 2:413;

11:3334

Congo, middle, 2:362 Congreve VC, Lt.-Gen. Sir W. (1862-1927), 5:1505, 1529, 1534-7, 1618, 1632

Connaught, The Duke

of,

3:818; 11:3305

Conneau, Gen. Louis-Napoleon (1856-1930), 1:146

f,

206, 287,

296, 304 Connell, John, 4:1095 f ConnoUy, James (1870-1916),

4:1294, 1300

f,

1305

Conrad von Hotzendorf, FM Count Franz (1852-1925), 1:3, 62, 64-7, 85-8, 96, 105, 139, 249-54, 307-12; 2:457, 461, 480,

484-98 passim, 545-51, 564, 594-7, 600, 607, 617; 3: 874, 894, 898, 930, 932, 935, 945, 956, 957; 4:1071, 1082, 1094, 1097, 1099, 1104-6, 1117, 1199, 1213, 1246; 5:1453 f, 1458 f, 1483 f, 1488, 1584; 6:1719; 7:2038, 2278-80; 8:2366; 9:2834, 2839, 2844; 10:3023 Conradi, Lt., 2:612 Conran, Capt., 2:540 Conscientious Objectors, 4:1284 f; 6:1839-42 Conscription, 4:1212, 1279-85;

Courbet, 1:174; 2:341

Constantinople, 1:10, 55; 2:342 ff, 347, 469, 484; 3:713-5, 721, 729-32, 876 f, 918; 4:1070, 1074, 1124; 5:1324 f, 1517, 1645; 6:1786 f; 10:3018-20, 3056; 11:3352-5, 3479-82, 3489 Conte Rosso, 11:3461, 3465 f Contest, 5:1408 f Contraband, 3:688; 4:1201-8 Convoy system, 7.2094; 8:2540-4 Coode, Capt., 2:469 Cook, Sir Joseph (1860-1947), 2:336 Cookson, Lt.-Cdr., 4:1152 Coolidge, Calvin, 11:3401-5,

3531 Corbel, Col., 11:3495 Corbett, Sir Julian, 3:713;

4:1059 Sanitaire, 11:3375,

3408-11 Cordonnier, Gen. Emilien (1858-1936), 3:662; 5:1648,

1653-5 Corency, 2:651

f;

3:850-3

Corfu, 4:1241; 5:1584; 8:2571; 11:3375 Cornwall, 2:524-36 Com well VC, John T., 5:1398 Coronel, 2:510-18; 3:871 Costa, Prof. A., 4:1274 f Costa, Gen. G. de. 4:1275 Cottin, Pierre, 11:3366 Cotton, Major, 3:824 Councils of War, Allied, 4:1236; 5:1455 see also Chantilly

f

Cowley, Lt.-Cdr., 5:1339 Cox, Sir Percy (1864-1937), 2:449; 5:1343; 6:1981; 11:3313 Cradock, R.-Adm. Sir Christopher (1862-1914), 1:184; 2:511-18, 535 Crailsheim, Capt. von, 4:1319 f Crainiceanu, Gen., 6:1717 Cramon, Gen. August von, 2:599 Crane, R., 11:3316 Cranefly, 5:1328 f Craonelle, 1:293-5 Craonne, 1:286, 295

f

Crete, 1:59; 5:1588 Crewe, Marquis of (1858-1945), 2:442; 4:1143 f Crewe, Brig.-Gen. Sir Charles, 6:1757, 1760 f Crimea, 11:3439, 3498 Croatia-Slovinia, 1:22; 6:1825

f

Cuniberti, Col., 1:50 Cunliffe, Lord, 11:3474

CunUffe, Brig.-Gen. F. C, 2:365; 4:1316-20 Cunliffe-Owen, Lt.-Col. C. (1863-1932), 3:765 Curley, Major James, 3:703 Currie, Lt.-Gen. Sir Arthur (1875-1933), 7:2071; 8:2359;

9:2925; 10:3101 Curry, Pte., 10:2952 Curzon, Earl (1859-1925), 2:435 ff; 4:1132; 5:1463, 1546; 6:1752; 7:2289; 9:2739 f; 11:3298 f, 3306, 3318, 3327, 3334f, 3479-82, 3511

f,

f

Czechoslovakia, 7:2155-60; Legion, 9:2679-83, 2939-44; 10:3086-8; 11:3261-4 Czernin von und zu Chudenitz,

Count Ottokar (1872-1932), 5:1591; 6:1827, 1902-5; 7:2016, 2039 f, 2042; 8:2547 f, 2575;

9:2688 f; 10:3030 Czernowitz, 2:620; 3:967;

f,

2728, 2732-5

2:362, 413

Daimler bus, S-2602 Daimler- Foster tractor, 3:754 Dairen, 2:314; 3:977 f Dalbiez Law 1915, 3:673 Dallas-Brooks, Capt. R., 9:2725 Dahnatia, 1:106; 3:876 f, 885; 4:1074 f, 7:2155; 11:3253-7 Daly, Eamonn, 4:1300

Danglis, Gen., 7:2252 DanieU, 2:387 DanieU, Major E. H. E., 2:387 Danilov, Gen. G. N. (1866-1937), 2:455-7, 603; 3:940, 944; 4:1286; 6:1957 Daniels, Joseph, 7:2004, 2019; 11:3420 (1854-1941), 1:249, 254; 2:455,

D., 7:2056

Firth, 1:52, 181 Crooke, Capt., 5:1406 Crowe, Sir Eyre (1864-1925), 1:68; 2:411 f de Croy, Prince Reginald, 3:802 f Crozier, Brig.-Gen., 3:798 Ctesiphon, 4:1169-73, 1175 Cubrilovid, Vaso, 1:5 f Cummings, Homer, 10:3000

3499

Dahome,

Dankl, Gen. Baron von

Crocker, Brig.-Gen. S. F., 6:1892, 1899, 1971

Cutinelli,Adm., 4:1122 f Cutler, Lt., 3:865 Cuxhaven, 1:181 f; 10:3134 Cyprus, 1:10; 2:400; 5:1645; 8:2569 Czech Legion, 7:2159; 9:2679-83, 2939-44; 11:2396

Daffodil, 9:2724

Dan, T. (1871-1947), 6:1943

Crespi, 11:3255 f Cressy, 2:370-2; 6:1802

W.

3430 Dachau, 10:3166

Damascus, 2:469; 3:912; 8:2403-5, 2561; 10:3005, 3014-17; 11:3311-19 Danmiartin-en-Goele, 1:204

Creel, George, 9:2903 f

Cromarty

957; 4:1070, 1073 f, 1099, 1126, 1129; 5:1586, 1645; 7:2248-53; 10:3051; 11:3485

D'Abernon, Viscount (1857-1941), 2:506; 11:3410,

Cowdray, Lord, 9:2740

Constantine, King of Greece (1868-1923), 1:55, 59; 3:766,

D

10:3187; 11:3446-8

Croft, Lt.-Col.

Cordon

Czestochowa, 1:312; 2:455, 492

Courcy, 1:293 Coutanceau, Gen. M., 4:1246 Cowan, R.-Adm. Sir Walter,

5:1467, 1623

GENERAL INDEX

5:1487

Election, 10:3148-51

Courageous, 7:2099; 8:2564

3:842; 11:3334

Congo, French,

Coupon

491-8 passim, 548 f; 3:884; 5:1453-60 Danrit, Capt., see Driant

Danube

river, 4:1086-8,

1097-1104, 1126; 10:2987 Danzig, 10:3229; 11:3357, 3375 Dar es Salaam, 2:359 f; 3:865, 869; 5:1374; 6:1757, 1763 Dardanelles, 2:343 f, 425, 469, 564; 3:673, 712-32, 762 f, 914-22; 4:1002, 1130, 1136, 1141 Damand, Sgt. J., 9:2865 Dartige du Fournet, Adm., 5:1587 f Dartmouth, 2:359; 3:865, 924; 4:1122 f; 7:2272 Daudet, Leon, 9:2718 Daumig, Ernst, 10:3125 David, (SD), 7:2041 Davidson, Maj.-Gen. J. H., 5:1534 Davies, Gen. Sir Francis, 3:740; 4:1131 Davis, Norman, 10:3194 Davis, Richard H., 7:2009 f Davison, Emily, 9:2888 Dawes Plan, 11:3476 Dawnay, 10:3012 Dawnay, Guy, 4:1059 Dawson, Henry, 6:1962 Deakin, Alfred, 4:1042 Debans, Camille, 2:589

Debeney, Gen. Marie (1864-1943), 7:2289; 9:2755, 2923, 2932-5; 10:2956, 3098,

3137 Debs, Eugene. 9:2904; 11:3401 De Bunsen, Sir Maurice, 5:1517; 10:3078 De Chair, V.-Adm. Sir Dudley (1864-1958), 3:692-3 Dedeagach (Alexandroupolis), 1:60; 2:469; 4:1082

Defence, 2:524; 5:1398 f 1424 f Defence of the Realm Act, 2:568; 4:1190 Deflector gear (MoraneSauhiier), 4:998 Degoutte, Gen. Jean (1866-1938), 9:2864 f Deguise, Lt.-Gen., 2:376 f, 380 De Havilland, Capt. Geoffrey (1882-1965), 4:997, 1001

De Horsey, Adm. Sir Algernon, 2:592 Deir-el-Zor, 5:1326 Delafosse, Maurice, 11:3332 Delage, Cmdt., 2:389 Delage, Gustave, 5:1442; 7:2171 Delamain, Maj.-Gen. Sir Walter (1862-1932), 2:446-8; 3:787 f; 4:1150-2, 1170-2, 1180; 5:1343 Delbruck, Clemens von (1856-1921), 1:64; 2:414, 573; 5:1626 Delbruck, Hans (1848-1929). 3:839 f Delcasse, Theophile (1852-1923), 1:34, 38, 283; 2:405 f; 3:877; 6:1706 Deletoile, Gen., 5:1541

De Lisle, Maj.-Gen. Sir B., 3:911; 4:1058; 8:2429 Delme-RatcUffe, Col.. 8:2375 Delmensingen, Gen., see Krafft Delvert, Capt., 6:1712 Delville, 5:1603, 1608 f, 1613-19, 1630, 1632; 6:1686 Demidov, 4:1073 Demobilisation, 10:3142-7 Dendermonde, 2:378 Dendill, 5:1327 Denikin, Gen. A. I. (1872-1947). 6:1953; 8:2443, 2580; 9:2667-75; 11:3438 f,

3495-8 Denis, Ernest, 7:2159 Denmark, 2:368, 567; 3:948; 4:1201, 1204-6; 11:3356 f Depommier. Capt., 5:1554 Deraa, 8:2401; 10:3001 f. 3013 f Derby, 5:1434 Derby. Earl of (1865-1948). 4:1018. 1279-84; 5:1490; 8:2365, 2555; 9:2740 Derfflinger, 1:174; 2:622-4. 626-33; 5:1385. 1393. 1397,

1400-4, 1431

Dernburg. Dr. Bernhard (1865-1937). 2:356, 411; 4:1208

De Robeck, V.-Adm.

Sir

John

(1862-1928). 3:724 f. 763-5. 768. 771. 907. 912; 4:1131 f. 1136.

1140:5:1569; 11:3498 Deschaet. Cmdt.. 2:378 Deschanel, President Paul (1856-1922). 2:406 Descoings, Gen., 3:657 Desert warfare, 4:1064-8. 1158-63; 6:1854-9, 1881-9, 1986 Destr6e. Jules. 3:874 Deubner. Dr. Ludwig, 1:255 Deutsch. 1:237 f Deverall. Maj.-Gen.. 7:2200 Deverell. Maj.-Gen.. C. J.. 10:2970

3585

f

GENEIL4L IiVDEX

Doullens. 7:2288; 9:2662-4 Doumer, Paul, 7:2143

Devine, Edward. 9:2908

(1863-1937), 2:405 Dover, 1:49; 2:621, 641; 4:989; 6:1730 f; 7:2083. 2301-5 Dover Patrol, 1:187; 3:690, 692; 6:1730-5 Doyle, Sir Arthur Conan,

E

2:592:7:2216

East Africa, 2:354-60; 3:751,

Draganov, Gen.. 4:1083 Dragmirov, Gen. A. M., 3:931 Drama, 1:60 Dreadnought, 1:43, 50

864; 5:1371-6; 6:1757-68; 7:2318-23; 10:3108-12; 11:3333-6 East Prussia, 1:85, 96, 229, 237 f, 245 f, 249, 307-12; 2:603-6

Doumergue, Gaston Devonport. 1:49. 181 Devonport. Lord. 9:2773 Dewing. Major R. H.. 6:1892 DH 4. 9:2658

DH

10:3020 Diagne. Blaise. 11:3332 Diamandi. M.. 6:1929 Diaz, Gen. Armando (1861-1928). 8:2376-9; 9:2844 f; 10:3065 f Diaz. Gen. Porfirio, President of Mexico (1830-1915), 6:1814 Dickman. Gen.. 10:2965 f Diego Garcia. 2:420 Dieterichs. Gen., 9:2941 Dietrichs, Gen.. 5:1654-6; 10:2983 Dimitriev, Gen., 1:55 Dimitrijevic-Apis, Col. 9.

Dragutin (1876-1917),

1:3;

5" 1590

Dinant. 1:126, 130. 158 Diplock, Bramah, 3:760 Discipline, 8:2342-56 Ditfurth, Gen., 1:294 Dittmann. Wilhelm, 10:3115, 3120, 3124 f, 3172

Dixmude. 2:385-9 Djemal Bey, Col., 3:707; 10:3001

Djemal Pasha, Gen. Ahmed, 3:706, 708, 711; 5:1524; 6:1787;

8:2387

f,

2404

Djevad Pasha, 3:729 10:3001

Dresden, 1:185; 2:511-18, 532-6; 3:870-2; 6:1770 Dreux, Cmdt., 5:1544 Drews, Dr. Wilhelm, 10:3129 Dreyer, Capt. F. C. (1878-1956), 5:1428; 7:2095 Driant, Cmdt. Emile (1855-1916), 2:589, 592; 4:1246, 1253, 1255; 6:1911 Drina river, 2:482, 484-6, 489; 4:1099, 1102 DriscoU, Col., 5:1374 Droescher, Lt., 3:680 Drummond, Sir Eric, 11:3373 Drummond, Capt. John (1873-1926), 2:371 f Drury-Lowe, Capt., 2:359 f Dubail, Gen. Augustin (1851-1934), 1:84, 86, 88, 146-8, 204, 278; 2:579; 3:650, 662, 665; 4:1246; 6:1697 f, 1705 DubUn, 1:108; 4:1294-1305;

7:2212 f Dublin, 2:343 f; 3:924 Dubois, Gen. Pierre

f;

f

Dmowski, Roman (1864-1939), 6:1828-33; 10:3090; 11:3340-2,

(1852-1924), 2:389, 392, 394 Du Bois, W. E. B., 9:2915 f;

3431

11:3331

Dneister river, 1:249, 254;

Dubrovnik, 3:922 f; 4:1075 Duchene, Cmdt., 2:587 Duchene, Gen. Denis

3:932-5

Dobbie, Brig.-Gen., 3:783 Dobbs, Col., 7:2320 Dobell, Lt.-Gen. Sir Charles (1869-1954), 2:364 f; 4:1316-20; 6:1858, 1989-92; 8:2387 Dobrava river, 2:486 Dobrudja, 1:10, 60; 5:1576 f, 1593 f Dobson, Cdr., 11:3448

Dodecanese

Is,

(1862-1950), 7:2107, 2134; 9:2779, 2784, 2787, 2805, 2807 Duff, V.-Adm. Sir Alexander (1862-1933), 1:2095-8; 8:2536,

2543

Dufournay, Pte., 6:1738 Duhamel, Georges, 5:1359

11:3253, 3255-7 f,

5:1377 f; 6:1730 Dohna-Schlodien, Capt. N. zu, 6:1772-5 Dolomites, 3:889, 898 Donald, Major David, 11:3444 Donaldson, Sir F., 5:1465 Donbass, 3:939 Donington Hall, 3:812 f; 4:1007 Donitz, Capt. Carl, 8:2536 Doornberg, 2:351 Doring, Major von, 2:362 ff Dosch, Joharm, 10:3166 Douai, 4:1021, 1024; 5:1365 Douala, 2:361-5, 406; 4:1316 f

Douaumont,

Fort, 4:1246, Ik. 1256 f, 1266-73, 1306 f; 5:1540; 6:1680-2

Doughty, C. M., 5:1520 Douglas, Capt. H. P., 9:2729 f Douglas, Col. William Sholto (1893-1969), 3:855; 5:1444

9:2661

3586

f;

f

Duisberg, Carl, 10:3027 Dujaila, 5:1334-8

626-37;

''

Dukhonin, 8:2477, 2493

f;

'Easterners', 3:712-15

Eastman, Crystal, 11:3419 Eber, 1:185; 3:870 Ebergard, Adm. A. A., see

Eberhardt Eberhardt, Adm. A. A., 4:1309 f; 5:1566 f Eberhardt, Gen., 10:3187 Ebermaier, Gov., 2:362; 4:1316,

1320

Duma, 1:37, 99; 2:566; 5:1471 6:1937-40, 1949 Dumas, Capt., 1:50 Dumas, Gen., 3:652, 656, 660 Dumba, Dr. Constantine, 4:1005, 1008 Dunajec river, 1:307 f; 2:491

f;

Duncan, James, 6:1961 Dundonald, Lt.-Gen. Earl of (1852-1935), 3:760, 819 Dunkirk, 1:300; 2:381; 3:760; 4:1000; 7:2317; 11:3460 Dunn, Capt., 7:2195 Dunsterville, Maj.-Gen. Lionel (1865-1946), 9:2758, 2767-72

Duntroon, 2:336 Du Pont Company, 3:701; f

5:1465 EUerton. Capt., 2:535 EUes, Brig.-Gen. Hugh (1880-1945), 5:1640; %:2415-40 Elliot, Major, 4:1086 Embeirikos, 5:1588

Emden, Emden,

1:181 1:185; 2:321, 336-40,

416-24, 418, AAl, 510; 3:708; 4:1044; 6:1770; 11:3453, 3455

Emirs, Mehmet, 11:3353 Emmich, Gen. Otto von (1848-1915), 1:124-6, 135, 137, 248; 3:931, 961 Empress of Russia, 2:420, 424

Encounter, 2:336 f Enez, 1:59 Engadine, 5:1378, 1384, 1399; 7:2313-7; 11:3461 Englert, Maj.-Gen. Karl, 5:1458 EngUsh Channel, 6:1730-5; 7:2083, 2094-9, 2301-5; 8:2532 D'Entrecasteaux, 3:709; 5:1550

Enver Pasha (1881-1922),

Edgar, 3:690-3, 690

6:1900-5

Edmonds, Brig.-Gen. Sir James (1861-1956), 6:1852 Edward VII, King-Emperor

Erin, 1:174; 2:400

(1841-1910), 1:19, 29, 48, 88 Edwards, Gen. Clarence,

Edwards, Brig.-Gen. W.

F. S.,

6:1763; 10:3108-12; 11:3456 Egerton, Brig.-Gen., 3:911; 6:1892, 1970 Egidy, Capt. von, 2:637; 5:1402, 1417 f Eglhofer, Rudolf, 10:3164-6 1:19, 37; 2:400, 425. 432, 439; 3:707 f, 765; 5:1463, 1517 f; 6:1854; 11:3326-9

Dukla Pass, 3:931 Dulles, John Foster, 11:3474

Elder, Capt. W. L., 6:1748 Elena, Queen of Italy, 3:875 Elgee, Capt. P. E. L., 2:363 Elkes, Lt.-Cdr., 3:781 EUershaw, Brig.-Gen. W.,

Ebert, Friedrich (1871-1925), 8:2613; 10:3024, 3027, 3115-25, 3130, 3131, 3135-9, 3146, 3164, 3172, 3196, 3217-24; 11:3258, 3413, 3469 Eca, Gen. P. de, 4:1274 Eck, Gen., 2:498 Eckermann, R.-Adm., 2:636 f Eckhardt, Heinrich von, 6:1824; 7:2016 Eckhardt, Tibor, 11:3273 Economics of war, 1:21-5; 2:504-8; 4:1201-8; 11:3534 Edessa, 5:1326

Egypt,

9:2668

4:1007

Easter Island, 2:510 Easter Rising, 4:1294-1305; 5:1377; 6:1752; 7:2212-16

10:2968

f

Duff, Gen. Sir Beauchamp (1855-1918), 2:446; 4:1162, 1167

4:1070, 1074;

Dogger Bank, 2:370

f

Durazzo. 1:54; 3:922; 4:1122, 1241; 5:1588 f; 6:1669, 1748 Duval, Gen., 9:2933 Dyer, Brig.-Gen. Reginald (1864-1927), 11:3304 f Dzerzinsky, Felix, 8:2470 f

Ehrhardt, Capt. Hermann, 11:3469-73 Eichhorn, Emil, 10:3177 Hermann von Eichhorn,

FM

(1848-1918), 2:600, 604-7, 612;

1:59

f;

2:343

f,

398

ff,

425, 449,

500-2; 3:729-32, 765, 913;

4:1064, 1138, 1154, 1262, 1308-13; 5:1325, 1347, 1521, 1566; 6:1780, 1786-8, 1907 f,

1975, 1982; 9:2762; 10:3050, 3056; 11:3352 Epinal, 1:146, 272 Epp, Gen. Ritter von, 10:3166 Epstein, Klaus, 2:406 Equatorial Africa, 2:361 f ErdeU, Gen., 10:3157

Erdody, Count Thomas,

Erivan, 11:3363 f Erzberger, Matthias (1875-1921), 2:413:3:875; 7:2038, 2042; 8:2463, 2574, 2611 f; 10:3027, 3082 f, 3122, 3133-9, 3188, 3221 f; 11:3368

f,

3469 f Erzerum, 2:432, 500-2; 4:1262-4, 1308; 10:3056;

11:3354, 3484

Erzincan, 4:1262, 1308 Esebeck, Maj.-Gen. Frhr, von, 2:612 E^fahan, 6:1908 Esher, Viscount (1852-1930), 1:82,88:4:1216 Espiegle, 2:447-9; 3:781; 4:1146-8 Espionage, 4:1089-96; 11:3401, see also Intelligence

9:2800

Essad Pasha, Gen.

Einem, Gen. Karl von

(18637-1920). 1:55, 59; 5:1589 Essad Pasha, Gen., 3:730, 775,

(Rothmaler) (1853-1934), 1:137; 4:1025-9 Eisner, Kurt (1867-1919), 10:3024, 3116, 3136, 5i60-5 Ekaterinburg, 9:2899-2901; 11:3500 f Ekaterinodar, 11:3496 El Arish, 3:707; 6:1854-9; 8:2409 El Murra, 4:1002 El Qantara, 3:708-11

k

905 f, 913; 4:1052 Essen, Adm., 3:947-9 Estienne, Col. Jean, 5:1641; 7:2119-21:8:2440 Estonia, 11:3345-9, 3422-31 passim, 3438 Estorf, Brig.-Gen., 2:607 Etaples, 8:2356 Etrich Taube, 1:75 de Etter, M., 6:1907

i

Eugen,

FM

Fayolle, Marshal Emile (1852-1928); 3:849; 5:1500, 1515, 1529, 1535 f, 1608, 1631 f; 6:1686; 7:2022, 2139; 8:2378; 9:2655, 2807, 2861 f,

Archduke

(1863-1954), 3:897; 5:1453-60;

8:2366

Eulenburg und Hertefeld, Prince zu, 2:412 Eulopp, Gen., 4:1099 Eupen, 11:3390 f

Euphrates

river, 2:439,

Euryalus, 2:370 8:2398

ff;

506

Evans, Sir Samuel (1859-1918),

Evan-Thomas, V.-Adm. 1394

Sir

(1862-1928), 5:1384

1399

f,

f,

Bruno

Fabeck, Gen.

Foch, Marshal Ferdinand

Franz Josef, Kaiser of Austria-

Feisal ibn-Hussein, King of Iraq (1855-1933), 5:1521 f,

(1851-1929), 1:30, 72, 82, 146-9, 204-16, 279, 300, 302-5; 2:385, 388, 394, 396, 579; 3:650-2, 666, 828-33, 836 f, 847, 851, 856; 4:1022, 1031, 1035, 1181, 1212; 5:1500, 1534 f, 1605, 1618, 1631; 6:1689, 1708, 1852; 7:2022; 8:2375 f, 2559; 9:2655, 2662-4, 2695, 2778 f, 2805 f.

Hungary

H, 11:3462

f,

3315-18

f,

1408

Everett, Ernest, 6:1839 Evert, Gen. Alexei (1857-1917), 2:455, 491-8; 4:1286; 5:1472, 1483, 1488, 1573 f; 8:2449 Ewing, Sir Alfred (1855-1935), 5:1415 Exelman, Gen., 1:220 Eydoux, Gen., 1:153 Eylau, 1:237 f

Faxi di

6:1921

Fechenbach, Felix, 10:3162

f

1524; 8:2393 f; 10:3002, 3010 3056; 11:3296-9, 3311-13,

2:366

Hugh

Fearless, 3:788-90

2932

FBA Type

3:771, 922;

(monitor), 10:525i

Max von

Feldmann, Lt., 1:124 Felixstowe, 7:2316 Felton, Mrs. 2:536 Ferdinand, King of Bulgaria (1861-1948), 1:60; 2:398 f; 4:1071-4, 1082, 1098; 5:1586; 11:3359 Ferdinand, King of Rumania (1865-1927), 4:1072; 5:1586, 1591, 1594, 1597 f; 6:1715, 1929; 9:2689; 10:3029-33; 11:3362 Ferguson, Lt.-Col., 3:830 Fergusson, Capt., 5:1407

Faberge, 3:944 Fabians, 2:407 Fabre, Lt., 2:587 Fakhri Pasha, Gen. Hamid, 5:1522, 1524 f; 10:3010-2, 3017 Faldella, Gen. E., 8:2370 Falkenhansen, Gen. Baron von

Charles, 1:211 Ferry Abel, 1:114; 9:2717 Festubert, 3:853-6 f

f

Fez, 1:38 f

Fiat 2000 tank, 11:3406 Fiedler, Capt., 2:344

V.-Adm., 4:1122

(1844-1936), 6:1880; 7:2051, 2065, 2069-74 passim

Fiedler,

Falkenhayn, Gen. Erich von (1861-1922), 1:296, 298 f, 304

'Field of Blackbirds', 4:1106

Fiedler, Richard, 4:1010

f,

307, 310-12; 2:385, 388, 393-6, 410, 414, 455, 461, 475-80, 493, 497, 564, 581, 598, 600; 3:675, 753, 757, 828, 842, 930, 932, 935, 957-67; 4:1023, 1025-9, 1082, 1099, 1104-6, 1115, 1117, 1141, 1185, 1192, 1199, 1212-14, 1244-6, 1255-9, 1308; 5:1361, 1453, 1458, 1483 f, 1488, 1498 f, 1514-16, 1528, 1533, 1564, 1578-81, 1583 f, 1594, 1599 f, 1602, 1605, 1610, 1621-8, 1632; 6:1680, 1689, 1697, 1705, 1715-24, 1799, 1802-6, 1824, 1873, 1982; 7:2029, 2038, 2102; 8:2385 f;

f,

1114, 1118 See also Kosovo Fieltiz, Capt., 2:416, 525

6:1767 f Fikentscher, Lt., 2:424 Le Fil de VEpee, 3:669 Finck, Cpl, 2:539 Finland, 2:414; 4:1205; 9:2688; 11:3345-9 Finland, Gulf of, 3:947-9 Firefly, 4:116&9, 1172, 1176; 6:1973 Firman, Lt. H. O. B., 5:1339 The First Hundred Thousand, 3:760 Fischer, E., 2:349 Fifi,

Falkenhayn, Gen. Eugen von

Fischer, Prof. Fritz, 2:412, 414 Fischer, Brig.-Gen., 10:2970-2 Fisher, Andrew (1862-1928),

(1853-1934), 4:1099; 5:1357,

2:336

1488 Falkland Islands, 2:524, 527-36; 3:871

Fisher, Prof. H. A. L., 9:2776 Fisher, Adm. Sir John A., Baron (1841-1920), 1:34, 48-52,

Falls, Capt. Cyril, 1:304

82, 181, 196; 2:341, 372,

Falmouth, 2:624; 6:1733 Fane, Maj.-Gen. V. B., 6:1976-84; 9:2757

532, 536, 626, 630. 632

10:3053

Fano

f

f,

3:678,

713,715,721,762,799,912, 948; 4:1005, 1193; 5:1416;

2:641 Fanshawe, Capt., 2:536 Farie, Cmdre, 5:1406, 1408 Is.,

Farman Farma, 6:1906 Farman MF7 Longhorn,

520

f;

1:75

Farnborough, 5:1561, 1572; 7:2309 f Farrant, D. A. G. de H., 2:424 Fashoda, 1:19, 37, 42 Fassbender, Gen. Karl von, 7:2069

7:2094 f, 2316 FitzClarence, Brig.-Gen. Charles (1865-1914), 2:395 Fitzgerald, Col. O. A. G., 5:1465

(1863-1914), 1:3-8, 31, 38, 105; 2:472, 474; 3:945; 5:1591;

f

Fiume, 3:885, 892, 922 f; 11:3253-7, 3280 Flamborough Head, 2:622 f, 641 Flamethrower, 4:1010-12, 1245, 1254 f, 1259; 6:1701; 7:2153

2:474, 484, 617; 3:953; 4:1103;

6:1799, 1825-7

Freeman,

Lt.-Col. W., 9:2661 Freemantle, Adm., 11:3452 f Freetown, 2:362 f Freikorps, 10:3146, 3166,

3177

f,

11:3410, 3469

French,

f

FM Sir John, Earl of

Ypres (1852-1925),

1:86, 88, 120, 158 f, 169, 204-6, 215-17, 220, 228, 273, 288, 294, 298. 301-5; 2:385 ff, 392-6, 553, 562-4, 581. 589; 3:651, 672,

713-5, 734, 741, 820, 827-33, 836, 847, 855-9. 926; 4:1022 f, 1031, 1034 f, 1096, 1126. 1138,

1183, 1190, 1216 f, 1300 Frey, Major, 10:3003 Freyberg, VC, Brig.-Gen. Bernard (1890-1963). 6:1695

Folkestone, 2:566 Fonck, Capt. Rene (1894-1953), 6:1864; 7:2125, 2242 Ford, Henry, 10:3103 Forster, Arnold, 2:589 Forster, Lt.-Cdr., 2:637 Forstner, Lt., 3:685 Foscani, 9:2689 Foss VC, Capt., 3:741 de Foucauld, Pere, 5:1554 Foulois, Brig.-Gen., B. D., 10:2992-5 Fourneau, Gov., 4:1319 Fournel, Etienne, 6:1793

Freytag-Loringhoven, Gen. Hugo Frhr von (1855-1924). 2:599; 5:1366-9 Fricke, Lt., 5:1442

Fricourt, 5:1507-14, 1516,

1528

f

Friedrich,

FM Archduke

(1856-1936), 1:139; 2:594. 619; 6:1825. 1827 Friedrich der Grosse, 4:1007;

5:1382. 1400. 1404, 1410: 11:3450-4

Friedrich III, Kaiser (1831-88).

1:13,35 Friedrich Karl of Hesse. Prince. 9:2800 Friedrich, Stephan, 11:3273 Friend, Maj.-Gen. L. B.. 4:1297

Fourteen Points, the, 10:2997-3000, 3080-4, 3133-9; 11:3287 Fox, Capt., 2:364; 4:1316 Fox, Capt. Cecil H. (1873-19 1:186 Fox, Gen. Vinzenz, 3:898

(1830-1916), 1:3, 9,

21-2, 62, 64, 139, 252, 310;

3181-9, 3211-24 passim,-

Fokker E III No. 1 Supplement, 5:1446

Fevzi Pasha, Gen., 4:1309 Fezzan, 5:1550

Frantz, Sgt., 2:540

Franz Ferdinand, Archduke

2851, 2861, 2870, 2878 f, 2923 f, 2927 f, 2936, 2941; 10:2945-51, 2956, 2961 f, 2969, 2997, 3000, 3009, 3045, 3084, 3092, 3122, 3133-9, 3184, 3194 f, 3204, 3233 f; 11:3366-9, 3381 f, 3408, 3495 Foerster, Wilhelm, 10:3164 Fokker, Anthony (1890-1939), 4:996; 5:1442, 1449; 6:1864; 7:2170 f Fokker D VII, 9:2791 Fokker D VIII, 11:3295 Fokker E I, 4:998

Fergusson, Maj.-Gen. Sir

(1854-1916), 1:152; 2:394

GENERAL INDEX

Flanders, 1:300, 305; 2:371, 381, 396; 3:846; 8:2344 Fleets, 1:45, 50, 178; 5:1380-1, 1425, 1429 Fleischmann, 2:491 Flers-Courcelette, 6:1686 Fleurus, 1:158 Fiorina, 5:1652-4

3:883 Fromelles. 5:1603f Frommel. Gen.. 1:307-11; 2:457-63 Frontiers, battle of. 1:146-72, Friuli,

),

Frampol, 1:249, 254 France, 1:10,91, 114-16, 119, 281-4; 2:504, 566-75; 3:673; 4:1196-8; 6:1706-12, 1800; 9:2716-20; 10:2976, 3147; 11:3538-41 France, Anatole (1844-1924), 1:281; 6:1711 Franchet d'Esperey, Marshal Louis (1856-1942), 1:126, 158-62, 206, 221 f, 267 f, 273, 275, 279, 293; 2:579, 667; 4:1126; 6:1702, 1705, 1708; 7:2022, 2139; 8:2630; 9:2805; 10:2981-7, 3036, 3089 Francis, David R., 6:1961 f Francois, Gen. Hermann von (1856-1933), 1:233-45, 308, 312; 5:1541; 9:2781 Francqui, 6:1877 Frank, Gen., 1:142; 2:484, 489 Frankenberg und Proschhtz, Col., 3:706; 8:2387

206 Froti6e. Gen., 5:1652 Frugoni. Gen. Pietro, 3:897; 4:1230:5:1457 Fry. Maj.-Gen. C. I.. 3:781. 787 f; 4:1152 Fuchs. Gen.. 10:2965 Fukien. 3:977-9 Fuller. Capt. C. 2:365 Fuller. Col. John. 3:753;

8.2415-40

Fulopp. Gen.. 4:1102. 1104 Furious. 11:3464-6,3466 Fumes. 2:387-9 Furse. Maj.-Gen., 5:1613 f

G GabaTepe, 3:771

f.

778

Gab^s. 5:1554

Gabon, 2:362 Gadd. Capt.. 7:2102 3587

GENERAL INDEX

475-80. 504-8, 566-74; 3:674-9, f; 4:1199; 5:1621-8; 6:1799-1801; 7:2038-43; 8:2573-5, 2610-26; 10:2978, 3021-8, 3080-4, 3116-26, 3144 f, 3217-24; ll:54i2/", 3470-6, 3512-16, 3538 f Gesov. Gen., 5:1656 Gete river, 1:124 ff, 135; 2:376 Geyer. Capt., 8:2616 Gheluveit. 2:394-6

688

Gaede,

Lt..

2:424

Gahan, Rev.

Stirling. 3:804

Gaissert. Capt., 5:1435 Gajda. Capt.. 9:2944 Galet, Gen.. 2:377. 380 GaUcia. 1:22. 85. 245. 249. 307; 2:455. 472-4. 482. 484. 491 f;

3:957.966:4:1230:7:2155; 8:2449-53 Gallieni. Gen. Joseph (1849-1916). 1:206. 267 f. 273. 275. 283 f; 4:1035, 1196; 6:1707. 1911 f GalUpoU. 2:469; 3:717. 725. 729. 762-78. 902-17; 4:1003, 1045-59. 1130-41, 1220 f;

Gibbs, George, 6:1962 Gibbs. Phillip, 7:2192; 8:2351 Gibbs, Cdr. Valentine, 9:2728 Gibeon, 2:352 f Gibraltar, 1:49

Gibson. Wilfred, 6:1843 Giesl von Gieslingen, Baron,

Good Hope,

2:510-18

Goodenough, V.-Adm.

Grew, Joseph, 6:1800 Grey, Sir Edward, Viscount

Sir

WiUiam

(1867-1945), 1:189 f; 2:622, 626 f; 5:1402, 1406 f, 1428, 1432 Goodhart, Lt.-Cdr. F. H. H., 1:187

(1862-1933), 1:19, 38, 44, 46,

Goodnow, Frank, 4:1040

7:2204 f; 10:3056; 11:3335, 3373, 3537 Grey, Sqdn.-Cmdr Spenser, 2:540 Grierson, Lt.-Gen. Sir James (1859-1914), 1:120, 164 Griesinger, von, 1:8; 5:1546

59, 65. 67-8, 108

Goppert, 2:573 Gordon, Lt.-Col., 4:1067 f Goremykin, Ivan (1839-1917), 3:940 f; 5:1471 Gorges, Col., 2:365; 4:1320 Goring, Capt. Hermann, 7:2127; 9:2864, 2925; 11:3517 Gorizia. 3:897-9; 4:1232 f; 6:1663-5

8:2554

Giffard, Capt., 5:1373

(1868-1945), 4:1143-5, 1147,

Gallwitz, Gen. Max von (1852-1937). 2:457. 602, 604-7; 3:957 f; 4:1099, 1259; 5:1357,

Gilgenburg, 1:240

1163;5:1334-9, 1343 f; 6:1881 Gort, Major Viscount, 7:2284

1540 f; 8:2450 Gallwitz von Drey ling, Gen., 6:1722 Gambia, 2:362 ff Gambiez, Gen., 6:1711 Gamelin, Gen. Maurice (1872-1958); 2:226 f; 7:2113 Ganchev, Lt.-Col. Peter, 4:1082, 1099 Gandhi, Mohandas (1869-1948), 2:437; 11:3302

f,

Gaullet, 1:153 Gault, Capt. Hamilton, 3:822 Gavriil, 11:3444, 3448 Gaza, 6:1989-92; 8:2385-91

Gazban, Sheikh, 4:1150 Geddes, Sir Eric, 7:2098 f, 2304 f; 8:2567; 9:2740; 10:3147, 3150 Geehl, Lt.-Col., 3:724 General, 2:342-4 Gent, 1:302 Geoghan, Brig.-Gen. S., 3:710 George V, King-Emperor (1865-1936), 1:109; 2:434, 536, 553; 3:877; 4:1017, 1031, 1035, 1190, 1216 f; 5:1462, 1465, 1588. 1608; 6:1939, 2898 George, Crown Prince of Greece, 11:3489 George Washington, 10:3207-9, 3212 f; 11:3235 f Georgia, 3:943; 9:2688 Gerard, Gen., 1:152 f; 3:652, 656, 660 ff, 22 f, 89, 100-4, 118; 2:410-14, 473,

3588

3:872; 6:1774

3:830, 857; 4:1032; 5:1499,

f,

f

Globa, 7:2144

3305-7 Gardiner, Alfred (1865-1946), 2:405 Gamier. Gen., 4:1287 Garroni, Camillo, Marquis, 3:876 Garros, Roland, 4:996, 1001; 7:2170 Garvey, Marcus, 9:2916; 11:3401 Garvin, J. L., 4:1279 Gas. 2:609-11:3:798, 827-37; 4:1031-5. 1183, 1245, 1253; 6:1661, 1692, 1701, 1884; 11:3266-7 de Gaulle, Capt. Charles (1890-1970), 3:669; 4:1260

Germany, 1:10

Givet, 1:85, 158, 161, 204 Glasgow, 2:510-18, 525-36; Gleich, Col. von, 6:1907

Karamchand 'Mahatma'

f,

2293 Goschen, Sir Edward (1847-1924), 1:67, 104 Gosler, Gen. von, 5:1534 GosUng, Harry, 6:1751 Gotha, G IV, 7:2167 Gough, Lt.-Gen. Sir Hubert de la Poer (1870-1963), 2:388;

Girodon, Col., 1:206 Givenchy, 1:302 ff; 3:848 926-8

Glorious, 7:2099; 8:2564; 10:5058

Glossop, Capt. John, 2:424 Gloucester, 2:343 f, 420 Glubb Pasha, Lt.-Gen. Sir John, 10:3017 Glynn, Martin, 7:1994 Gneisenau, 1:197; 2:321, 336-8, 416, 510-18, 525, 528-35;

6:1770

Gnome Monosoupape

rotary,

6:1866 Godley, Lt.-Gen. Sir Alexander (1867-1957), 2:338; 4:1042 f. 1050, 1056, 1131 Goeben, 2:342-7, 346, 400, 425, 469; 4:1089, 1262, 1309 f; 5:1437, 1566-9; 6:1770; 8:2569;

10:3020 Gohier, Urbain, 1:174; 10:3232 Goiginger, Lt.-Gen. Heinrich, 3:898; 9:2835 Gojkovich, Gen., 1:142-4; 4:1100, 1115 Gokhale, G. K., 11:3306 f Gold Coast, 2:362

Goldap, 1:245, 312 Goldsmith, Cdr., 5:1406, 1408 f Golovine, Gen. N. N., 2:247 Goltz, FM Colmar, Baron von der (1843-1916), 2:398, 428; 3:913; 4:1157, 1176; 5:1340 f, 1547; 6:1878 f, 1906-8 Goltz, Major Horst von der, 4:1008, 1092 Goltz, Gen. Count Riidiger von der (1865-1930), 2:464 f; 9:2800; 10:3185 f, 3221; 11:3348, 3422,

3446

Gombos, Gynla, 11:3273 Gomes, Teixeira, 4:1274 Gommecourt, 5:1514 f Gompers, Samuel, 4:1008; 9:2904; 11:3401 Gonzales Channel, 3:872

1528, 1533 f, 1605, 1629, 1632; 6:1692 f; 7:2051, 2146-50,

2288 f, 2294 f; 8:2330-8, 2359, 2630 f; 9:2644 f, 2655 Gough-Calthorpe, Adm. Sir Somerset (1864-1937), 8:2544, 2569 f; 10:3056 Gouraud, Gen. Heru-i 2190

f,

2198

f,

(1867-1946). 3:907; 6:1701 9:2864 f, 2916; 10:3092; 11:3299, 3316

Gourko, Gen. Vassily

ff,

i

Griffith, Arthur (1872-1922), 4:1297; 5:1350-7 Grigorescu, Gen. Eremia,

GorUce, 3:930-5, 945; 4:1103 Gorringe, Maj.-Gen. Sir George

Giovanni (1842-1928), 3:875-81; 11:3253, 3257, 3280 Giorgio, Gen. di, 7:2278 f Girard, Cmdt., 4:1094 f

2:316

379, 405 f, 508; 3:704, 713-15, 821, 876 f, 977 f; 4:1073, 1075, 1224-7, 1274 f; 5:1517; 6:1798 f;

1:67

Giolitti,

ff;

\

f;

I.

(1864-1937), 1:246, 256

Gout, Jean, 11:3291 Lt.-Cdr. C. H. W., 11:3461 Goys, Cmdt., 4:997, 1000; 6:1748 Grabez, 1:3, 5 Graham, Col., 5:1376 Graham, Stephen, 10:3098 f de Grandmaison, Gen. Louis Loizeau (1861-1915), 1:82; 4:1181; 6:1680 Grand Couronne, 1:149, 278 Grand Mufti of Jerusalem, 8:2407 Grant, Capt. H. S. (1864-1938),

Gowen,

2:524 Grant, Capt. Noel, 3:871 Grant, Brig.-Gen. W., 10:3005,

3157 Grasset, Capt. 1:154 f Grasshof, Cdr., 2:416 Graves, Capt. Robert (b. 1895), 4:1032; 6:1840; 10:3240 f Gravesend, 2:642; 6:1741 Grayson, Dr. Gary, 11:3395 f Graziani, Gen., 10:3070 Greece, 1:54, 60; 2:506; 4:1070, 1074, 1099, 1126 f; 5:1582-8; 7:2247-53; 11:3483-9 Green, Sir W. Graham. 7:2098 GrelUng, Richard. 6:1793 Grenfell. Capt. F. H., 7:2308-10 Grenfell, Julian, 6:1842

6:1715 Grigoriev, Ataman, 11:3495 Grillo, 10:525i Grishin-Amazov, Gen., 11:3495 Grober, Adolf, 2:574 Grodno, 2:601, 607 Gr6jec, 1:309

Groner, Gen. Wilhelm (1867-1939), 2:479, 573; 5:1627; 9:2800; 10:3098, 3100, 3121 f, 3129f, 3146, 3172, 3181;

11:3412 Grosser Kurfiirst, 6:1735; 7:2104 Grosseti, Gen. Paul (1861-1918), 2:387-9, 396; 3:660 Grubb, E., 4:1284; 7:2207 f Griinert, Maj.-Gen., 1:237; 2:457; 5:1498

Guam,

f,

1532

f

3:871

Guchkov, Alexander (1862-1936), 3:938, 942, 944;

6:1939 f, 1947, 1952 f Guepratte, V.-Adm. Emile (1856-1939), 3:724 Guesde, Jules (1845-1922), 1:283; 6:1706 f Gueshov, 4:1071 Guggisberg, Capt., 2:591 Guillaumat, Gen, Louis (1863-1940), 9:2805; 10:2981.

2987 Guillenstern, Gen. Count, 2:497 Guinet, Capt., 9:2944 Guise, 1:204, 219-22 Gulkevich, M., 5:1323

Gumbinnen,

1:230-45, 253 Gunboats, 4:1084-8, 1166-7 (iUus);

6:1764-8

Gvindell, Gen. von, 10:3136

Giirtner, Franz, 11:3516

Guse, Major, 4:1262, 1308 Gutschmidt, Baron von, 2:314, 316 Guynemer, Capt. Georges (1894-1917), 4:1001, 1258; 5:1444-8; %:1864; 7:2125, 2175-8, 2217 f, 2223, 2242 Gwatkin-WiUiams, Capt. R. S., 4:1061-3, 1065, 1068

H Hugo (1863-1919), 7:2204; 10:3120-5, 3132, 3169,

Haase,

3172,3221

f

Haber, Dr., 2:337 Haber, Prof. Fritz (1868-1934), 2:573, 609; 3:676; 5:1622

HabibuUah, Emir of

\

Afghanistan (1872-1919),

7:2098, 2289; 8:2544; 10:3226-8;

11:3304 Hache, Gen., 1:204 Haeften, Maj.-Gen. von, 7:2043; 10:3083 f Haelen, 1:126, 169 Hafiz Haklei Pasha, Gen.,

11:3289

2:436; 5:1546

f;

Hankow,

3:978; 4:1036

2:500-2

Hanna, 5:1330 f, 1338 f Hannover CL Ilia, 9:2659 Hanover, 2:405 Hansa-Brandenburg D, 1:262 Hansa Brandenburg FB,

Hagen, Capt. von dem, 3:708,

8:2463

710; 4:987 Haifa, 2:342, 469

Hanson, Capt., 5:1373 Hanson, Die, 11:3401 f Hanssen, Hans P., 2:567 Hanyang, 2:977 Happe, Capt., 5:1442; 6:1748

FM Sir Douglas, Earl

Haig,

(1861-1928), 1:88, 120, 164, 169, 204, 210, 215-17, 220, 304; 2:387, 392, 394; 3:734, 736,

855, 857 f, 927; 4:1022 f, 1031-5, 1183 f, 1190, 1212, 1215-17, 1258; 5:1366, 1369, 1497-1500, 1514, 1516, 1529, 1533-7, 1602, 1605-10, 1629, 1632, 1640-2; 6:1692 f, 1787, 1848, 1871-6; 7:2022-5, 2049-52, 2067-70, 2124, 2140,

741

f,

2190 2299

f,

2196-2203, 2284

Halahan, Capt. H. C, 9:2729 Haldane, Lt.-Gen., 3:928; 5:1537; 7:2191 Haldane, Viscount (1856-1928), 1:44 f, 84, 108, 111, 120 f; 2:435; 4:1014, 1016, 1035, 1217; 9:2738, 2776

Halil Bey, Gen., 4:1154

f,

1169,

R.-Adm. W. R.

6:1807; 9:2803 Heligoland, 1:15, 37, 181 f, 188-95, 199 f, 204; 4:1095; 5:1398; 10:3134

Helgoland 7:2271

10:3114

Helldorff, Capt. von, 10:3136,

3138 Helles, Cape, 2:344; 3:768-73, 902-11; 4:1049, 1132-6, 1140 f

Hehnets, 6:1740

Helmund, 2:436 Helphand, Alexander, 8:2466

f

Henderson VC, Col., 6:1968 Henderson, Arthur (1863-1935), 2:407; 4:1283; 6:1752-5, 1958; 7:2204-6; 8:2574; 9:2774, 2858-60 Henderson, Lt.-Gen. Sir David

(1862-1921), 5:1442; 7:2131 Henderson, Col. G. F. R.,

Northcliffe

4:1181

Hitler, Cpl. Adolf, 9:2689;

Harper, Maj.-Gen. G. M., 7:2054, 2192; 8:2418 f; 10:3099 Harrach, Franz, Count von, 1:7 Harris, Capt. W., 2:417 Harrison, Capt. G. K., 6:1981 Harrison, M. C, 3:806-9 Hartlepool, 2:622-5; 4:1095 Hartog, Capt., 5:1401 f Hartogiensis, Baron, 2:367

Henderson, Su- Nevile, 11:3489 Henderson, Cmdr. R., 2:380;

10:3166; 11:3412 f, 3476, 3516 f Hivert, Col., 4:1090 f (photo) Ho Chi Minh, 11:3308, 3330 Hoboken, 2:380 Hodza, Milan, 10:3091 Hoegner, Wilhelm, 10:3162

7:2098; 8:2543

f

Henderson, Adm. William H. (1845-1931), 2:592 Hennu, consul, 11:3495

Henry, Grand Adm. Prince of

Hoeppner, Gen. Ernst von

Prussia (1862-1929), 1:197; 2:538; 3:947 f; 6:1777; 7:2102

(1860-1922), 6:1744; 7:2162. 2164; 9:2659 Hogarth, Cdr. David (1862-1927), 5:1518, 1523 f; 8:2393, 2405 f Houghton, Brig.-Gen. F. A., 4:1150-2, 1172, 1180; 5:1343 Hogue, 1:193; 2:370-2; 6:1802

Hentsch, Col. Richard

sweilerkopf,

3:662-5; 6:1701

(1869-1918), 1:226, 269, 279; 2:461, 493, 579

Herbert, Capt. Aubrey,

(1868-1937), 4:1221 Harwich, 1:181; 2:370-2, 621

627; 4:987 f; 6:1730 f Harwich Force, 1:187; 2:370; 6:1730-5 Hase, Cdr. G. von (1878-19

MP,

3:906; 5:1347 Herbert, Lt.-Cdr. Godfrey, f,

3:687

Herbertshohe, 2:337

),

5:1385, 1393, 1395 Hashagen, Cdr. E., 7:2086 Haun, Capt., 2:535 Haupt, Capt., 4:1272 f Haus, Adm. Anton, 3:885;

Hermes, 1:182; 7:2312; 11:3460, 3465 Hermogen, Bishop, 6:1918-21 Herr, Gen. F. G. (1855-1932), 4:1246, 1252, 1267

1138-40

Hawker VC, Major

Hammerskjold, H., 4:1204 Hammersley, Gen., 4:1050 f, 1056 f, 1140 Hammerstein, Lt.-Col. von,

4:1001; 5:1448

10:3008

Hays, Will, 10:3103, 3106

Hampshire, 2:416, 420, 424;

Haywood,

Heye, Col. Wilhelm

5:1465; 6:1750

Hazebrouck, 1:301-4 Heeringen, Gen. Josias von (1850-1926), 1:88, 148

Hanbury-Williams, Maj.-Gen.

John (1859-1946), 5:1464 Handley Page, F. (1885-1962),

Sir

5:1870

Handley-Page O/lOO, 9:2855 Handley-Page V/1500, 11:3295 Hankey, Lt.-Col. Sir Maurice (1877-1963), 3:713-15, 721, 760, 765; 4:1059, 1126, 1138; 5:1518, 1640; 6:1871, 1875 f;

(1863-1932), 1.197; 2:622 f, 626-32, 636 f; 3:951; 5:1377-9, 1382, 1384 f, 1392-5, 1398, 1401, 1406, 1416 f, 1429-32;

Harmsworth, Alfred, see

Hersing, Lt.-Cdr.. 3:922; 4:1124 Hertling, Georg, Count von (1843-1919), 8:2551, 2613; 10:2997, 3022, 3027 f, 3080 Hertzog, Gen. James (1866-1942), 2:349 ff Herve, Gustave (1871-1944), 1:115, 281; 6:1709 Herzl, T., 8:2409 Hetherington, Major T., 5:1640 Hewett's Bay, 3:872 Heydebrand, 7:2041 Heydebreck, Gen. von, 2:353

(1853-1947), 1:120; 3:715, 725. 762-72, 820, 902-11, 912, 917; 4:1048-52, 1057-9, 1124, 1130 f,

3133 Hioki Eki, 3:976-9 Hippel, Gen. von, 5:1656 Hipper, Adm. Franz von

10:3059; 11:3450 Hirson, 1:82, 85 Hirst, Lt. Lloyd, 2:510 f, 535 Hitchcock, Capt., 6:1852 Hitchcock, Gilbert, 11:3394-6

(1873-1916), 5:1385-92 Harvey, Maj.-Gen. R. N.

Hamid Pasha, 6:1718 Hamidieh, 2:400, 469; 5:1566-7, 1567 Hamilton, Brig.-Gen., 4:1127, 1180 Hamilton, Lt., 3:948 Hamilton, Gen. Sir Hubert, 1:165, 303 Hamilton, Gen. Sir Ian

(Ger),

Hell, Maj.-Gen., 2:463; 5:1488

1149, 1167 Hare, Brig., 3:771 Harington, Lt.-Gen. Sir Charles (1872-1940), 7:2284; 8:2337, 2351; 11:3479-82

Harvey, VC, Major Francis

(1873-1960), 11:3341, 3409 Ham, 1:298 Hamburg, 1:181; 10:3172

f;

Helsingfors, 3:947 f H61y d'Oissel, Gen., 9:2864

(1870-1943), 4:1089; 5:1415;

Joseph

(Aus), 4:1122

f

Helgoland

3505 f, 3528 Hardinge, 3:708 f Hardinge, Charles, Baron

7:2213-16 Haller, Gen.

5:1573 f, 1578, 1581, 1599, 1610, 1628, 1632, 1656; 6.1717, 1788, 1799, 1801, 1806-8, 1825; 7:2014 f, 2031-43; 8:2362 f; 9:2687 f; 10:2984, 3024, 3027 f, 3080-4, 3121, 3125, 3129-31. 3133-9, 3144 f, 3217, 3221 f, 3232; 11:3412 f, 3476 Hindenburg Line, 6:1689, 1873, 1922; 7:2026, 2029-37, 2065, 2146-53; 10:2945-57, 2970-2 Hintze, Adm. Paul von (1864-1940), 8:2614; 9:2804; 10:3023 f, 3027 f, 3082, 3121,

Helfferich, Karl (1872-1924),

Hara, Takashi, 11:3289 Harcourt, Lewis, Viscount (1863-1922), 1:109; 2:405 f; 11:3334 f Hardie, Keir, 7:2204 f; 9:2885-8 Harding, Warren, 11:3405,

Hartzmann

1175 Hall,

3056

(1858-1944), 2:442-8; 4:1142-5,

f,

2330-8; 8:2415-37; 9:2662-4, 2696, 2738, 2779, 2851 f, 2870, 2922, 2925 f; 10:2945 f, 2954-7, 2962 f, 3094-8, 3134, 3159; 11:3394 Hajianestis, Gen., 11:3489 Haldng, Lt.-Gen. Sir Richard (1862-1945), 4:1034; 9:2696 f,

GENERAL INDEX

Heinrich, Cmdre, 5:1406 H6jaz, 1:55; 3:708; 5:1522; 6:1787; 8:2394; 10:3001, 3011,

5:1453

Hansen, Gen.

Max von

(1846-1922), 1:88, 126-8. 161 164, 222, 279 L. G.,

Hawksley, Cmdre, 5:1406 Hay, Ian, 3:760; 8:2354

f

Hayes-Sadler, Capt., 3:781 Col. A., 4:1319

P., 5:1343-7 Heidssen, Lt. von, 1:283 Heine, 11:3471 Heinkel, Ernst (1888-1958), 4:1002 Heinold, Gov., 10:3087 Heinrich, Prince of Bavaria, 6:1720

Hehir, Col.

f,

(1869-1946), 10:3027; 11:3473 Hibernia, 1:186; 4:1061; 7:2312 Hickey, Capt. D. E., 8:2419 Hiddessen, Lt. von. 6:1790 Highflyer, 1:185; 6:1774

Hindenburg, FM Paul von Beneckendorff und von (1847-1934), 1:237. 244 f. 247, 254. 307 f. 312; 2:455, 461. 478. 564. 599 f. 602. 606 f. 609 f; 3:957-67; 4:1003. 1199. 1213 f;

Hoffmann, Johannes, 10:3163, 3165 f

Hoffmann, Maj.-Gen. Max (1869-1927), 1:237, 308-12; 2:457, 463, 600; 3:974; 4:1141, 1289, 1291; 6:1873; 8:2613;

9:2688-90, 2796 Hofmeyr, Jan (1845-1909), 2:349 Hohenstein, 1:238-41 Hojoji, Maj.-Gen.. 2:322. 324 Holbrook VC. Lt. N., 2:469 Holdich, Col. Sir Thomas (1843-1929), 2:436 Holland, 1:81. 132; 2:367, 380, 413 f; 3:690; 4:1201-4; 8:2339 f; 10:3131 Holland. Maj.-Gen.. 7:2052,

2058 Hollebeke, 2:394 Hollens, Gen.. 1:152. 300

f

Holmes, OHver Wendell. 11:3401

f

Holmes. Col. William. 2:337 f Holstein. Friedrich Baron von (1837-1909). 1:13. 19

Holt caterpillar tractor, 5:1643 Holtzendorf. Grand-Adm.

Henning von (1853-1919). 1:197; 5:1564; 6:1805-8; 7:2083;

11:3542

Home

fronts, 2:566-75, 646-8;

3589

lENERAL INDEX 1:1192-9; 5:1621-8; 7:2038-43: 1:2610-4; 9:2716-20. 2773-6.

1903-11; 10:3022-8;

1:3399-3405

iong Kong. 2:316. 319, 506 iood. R.-Adm. (Sir) Horace 1870-1916). 1:305; 5:1395. 398. 1400. 1422. 1432 iooge. 4:1011f iooghlede. 2:386 iook of HoUand. 2:370 ioover. Herbert (1874-1964). 1:1878 f; 9:2903 f; 10:2997 f, 1104, 3194-6; 11:3341. 3368. 1396 loover. J. Edgar. 11:3401 f lope. Adm. H. W. 1878-1968). 5:1415

Lord

8:2630 f,

f;

3100

.406-20 passim; 6:1775 lorses, at war, 6:1988; 0:3154-9

iorthy von Nagybanya, I.- Adm. Miklos (1868-1957), :2272; 10:3073; 11:3272-5 louse. Colonel Edward M. 1858-1938). 3:700, 702 f; ::1208, 1224-7; 6:1798 f, 1959; :2014-20; 8:2495, 2545 f; 1:2691; 10:2997-3000, 3103, 1106, 3134, 3207, 3213, 3235; 1:3256, 3340, 3366-9, 3373 lousman. Prof. A. E. 1859-1936), 3:856 iouthulst forest, 2:387-9

ioyos. Count, 1:62, 64 isu Shih-ch'ang, Gen. and Resident of China (1858-1939), .1:3288

isuan Tung, Emperor of :hina (1906-67), 4:1038

iuang Hsing, Gen. 1873-1916), 4:1036 iucks, Lt., 2:640 iuerta, Gen. Victoriano 1854-1916), 6:1814 f; 7:1993 iugenberg. Dr. Alfred 1865-1951), 1:35; 3:840; 9:2804 iughes. Col., 5:1374 iughes, Charles E., 7:1997; .0:3213; 11:3508 -lughes, Lt.-Gen. Sir Sam 1853-1921), 3:820-2 iughes, WiUiam (1864-1952), 1:1042; 10:3150; 11:3334 ^uguet. Col., 1:217; 4:1090 ^uU, 4:989 :iull, Brig.-Gen., 3:832 Humbert, Charles, 2:114

Humbert, Gen. Georges 1862-1921), 6:1703 f; 9:2807, 2932 rtume, Grace, 3:797

Hunan, 4:1037 Hungery, 1:1, 22; 2:474; 3:956; i590

10:3087; 11:3261

Hussein ibn-Ali, Sherif of Mecca and King of the Hejaz (1856-1931), 2:400; 5:1518-25, 1546; 6:1787; 8:2393 f, 2405; 10:3017, 3050; 11:3296 f, 3311,

3315, 3327 Hussein Kamil, Sultan of

Egypt

(18507-1917), 2:400;

Huszar, Karl, 11:3273 f Hutchinson, Cdr., 5:1408 Hutier, Gen. Oskar von (1857-1934), 4:1286 f; 8:2458 f, 2624 f; 9:2808-15, 2933 Hutin, Col, 4:1316, 1320 Hutten-Czapski, Count, 2:413 Hutton, Maj.-Gen., Sir

:2663, 2696; 10:3093 loms Reef, 5:1377-9,

[1:3269-75

4:1139, 1141; 5:1537 Hussarek, Baron Max von,

f

1861-1929). 5:1507, 1528, 533-7. 1636 f; 7:2051, 2070, f;

3:767-73,902,905,907.911;

3:707

lorne. Gen. Sir Henry,

2195, 2198

(1856-1936), 1:120 Hunter- Weston, Lt.-Gen. Sir Aylmer (1864-1940), 1:289;

W.

loppe. Capt. Bruno. 7:2310 lopper. l/cpl.. 6:1763 lorinchi. Maj.-Gen., 2:322-9 lorn. Capt.. 5:1435

:190.

Hunger, Major, 4:1309 f Hunter, Col.. 4:1120 Hunter, Lord, 11:3305 Hunter, Gen. Sir Archibald

724

f; 6:1733 Influenza pandemic, 10:2974 f Ingenohl, Adm. Friedrich von

(1857-1933), 1:183; 2:622, 636 f IngUs, Dr. Elsie, 2:575 Inonu, 11:3355, 3487 Insignia, 8:2514 f Insterburg, 1:307 Intelligence, 1:152, 255 f; 2:455, 497, 622, 626; 4:1089-96, 1296 f; 5:1374, 1382, 1406 f, 1414-16, 1425, 1432, 1574, 1594, 1652, 1654; 6:1792 f, 1824; 9:2864; 10:3022 see also Codes L' Internationale (International Workers Assoc), 1:114 f Intrepid 9:2724, 2728, 2735 Invincible, 1:50, 191; 2:520-36, 522; 5:1400, 1424 lonescu. Take (1858-1922), 5:1592, 1594; 10:3033; 11:3411 Iphigenia, 9:2724, 2728, 2735

Ipswich, 2:642 Iraq, 11:3297-9,3311-13 see also Mesopotamia Ireland, 4:1294-1305; 11:3520-7 Iris,

9:2724

f,

2732-5

Edward, 3:819 Huy, 1:126, 158 Huysmans, Charles, 1:281

Irish RepubUcan Army, 4:1294, 1300 f; 11:3520-7

Hyacinth, 2:359; 3:864, 867,

4:1294; 7:2212; 11:3520-7 Irkutsk, 11:3501-3

869

/ have a rendezvous with Death, 6:1843 lancovescu. Gen., 6:1721 Ibn Rashid, Sheikh, 5:1520 Ibn Saud, King of Nejd (1880-1953), 2:401; 5:1520;

Irish

RepubUcan Brotherhood,

Iron Duke, 1:176, 196; 2:370; 5:1379, 1398, 1402, 1407-13, 1411, 1428, 1465; 6:1731 f; 7:2099 Iron Gates, 4:1087 f, 1099 Ironside, Brig.-Gen. E., 11:3498 Irresistible, 3:724 f Irwin, Will, 3:792 Isenburg, Prince zu, 9:2802

6:1787

Ishii,

Ihuki, 2:334

8:2525

Iceland, 4:1201 Idriess, Ion, 6:1857 Ihlen, 4:1204

Ismail,

Viscount Kikujiro,

Khedive

(1830-95),

lUescu, Gen., 6:1720 f Use, Gen., 2:386, 388 f; 9:2870 Imbros, 4:1131 Immanuel, Col. Friedrich,

2:400 IsmaiUa, 3:708 Ismet, Pasha, Gen. Inonii (b. 1884), 11:3355, 3482, 3487-9 Isonzo, 3:876, 883 f, 889-99; 4:1230-6; 6:1663-5; 7:2274, 2278; 8:2365 Istomin, Gen., 2:500

6:1824

Italia

Ilic,

Danilo, 1:5

Ilica,

f

4:1264

Immelmann,

Lt.

Max

(1890-1916), 4:997, 1259; 5:1442-9; 6:1864; 7:2124 f,

2170-3

Immelman

turn, 5:1446

Imperatriza Maria, 4:1309; 5:1567 f, 1567 Imperial Defence, Committee of, 1:181 f; 3:713; 4:1042 ImperiaU, Marquis GugUelmo, 3:876 f Income tax, 4:1196 Indefatigable, 2:342 f, 469; 5:1384 f, 1393, 1417 India, 1:19; 2:435-8, 437 f, 445; 3:744-51; 5:1546-9; 10:2978;

11:3300-8 Indian Ocean, 2:334-40, 417 Indo-China, 11:3308 Indomitable, 1:50; 2:342 f, 469, 626-33; 5:1400 Industry, 3:671-6 Inflexible, 2:520, 525-36; 3:721,

ambulance, %2602

Italy, 1:10; 2:506; 3:874-86;

J'accuse, 6:1793 f Jack, Brig. James, 6:1848 Jacka VC, Lt. Albert, 5:1608 Jackson, Adm. Sir Henry (1855-1929), 2:361 f; 4:1132; 6:1765; 7:2094

Thomas

Jackson, R.-Adm.

(1868-1945), 5:1414, 1416 Jadar river, 2:482, 484-6; 3:955;

4:1103

Jade 1416

river, 1:189

f;

5:1379,

Ja'far Pasha, 4:1065, 1068; 10:3002, 3011 f Jaffe, Dr. Edgar, 10:3163

Jagow, GottUeb von (1863-1935), 1:64-7; 2:413, 600, 636; 6:1799 Jahreiss, Major Paul von,

10:3165

James, Ollie, 7:1994 James, Robert Rhodes, 3:714, 912 James, Capt. WiUiam (b. 1881),

1551 Jekov, Gen., see Zhekov Jelgava, 10:3185 JelUcoe, Adm. Sir John, Earl (1859-1935), 1:52, 175-83, 187

1395-8, 1400-4. 1406-16, 1425, 1429, 1432, 1465, 1562, 1564; 6:1731-5; 7:2094-9. 2289,

2305; 8:2362, 2536, 2543 10:3059 Jemal, 2:398 ff, 425, 469;

f;

Ito Hirobumi, Marquis (1841-1909), 2:315 Ivangorod, 1:308-11; 2:491;

(1858-1933), 5:1406 Jerusalem, 2:398; 9:2711-15; 10:3010; 11:3315-19

3:961

JiUnsky, Gen.

Jerram,

Adm.

Sir

M.

Yakov

Ivanov, Gen. Nikolai

(1853-1918), 1:229-45; 3:945;

(1851-1918), 1:249. 252 ff; 2:455. 463, 491-8, 546-51, 594-7, 602-6; 3:931, 933; 5:1472;

6:1957

Izvolski, Alexander (1856-1919), 1:38, 114; 2:405;

4:1074 Izzet Pasha, Gen.

Hasan

(1870-19?), 2:500; 4:1154, 1308;

10:3056, 3144

f,

196; 2:372, 622, 633; 3:713; 4:1089; 5:1377-9, 1382, 1385,

5:1521, 1566

%:1957 Ivanovo, 3:940 Ivanyshin, Capt. Theodor, 1:255 Ivory Coast, 2:362

H

4:1089; 5:1416 Jameson, Dr. Leander (1853-1917), 1:15; 2:349 Janin, Gen., 7:2118; 11:3496 Japan, 1:15; 2:314-19, 506; 3:976-9; 8:2525; 11:3287-91, 3505-11, 3541 Jardine, Brig.-Gen., 5:1514 Jaroslaw, 1:307; 2:932 Jassy, 9:2689 Jaszi, Oscar, 10:3036; 11:3269 Jaures, Jean (1859-1914), 1:114 f, 281; 7:2204 Javid, 2:398 ff; 6:1786; 10:3056 Jeanneney, Jean Noel, 7:2138 Jedda, 5:1524; 8:2397 Jehad, 2:432-4; 3:706 f, 732; 4:1064, 1154; 5:1522, 1546,

4:1074, 1198; 5:1588 f; 6:1671-4, 1800; 10:3147; 11:3253-7

f

%'

JiUings, Sgt.-Major, 2:540 Joffe, A. A. (1883-1927),

9:2802-4 Joffre,

Marshal Joseph

(1852-1931), 1:82,86, 88, 96, 115, 126, 146-9, 152-4, 158-62, 169, 201, 204, 215, 220 ff, at GQG, 22&8, 229, 231, 267-79,

286, 288, 293 f, 296, 298, 2:377, 385, 387, 396, 562-4, 581, 584; 3:650-2, 657, 660-8 passim, 734, 743, 754, 837, 846 f, 851-3, 857. 926;

283 301

f,

f;

4

4:997, 1021-9, 1031, 1035, 1059,

1574; 6:1799, 1825-7, 1900-5;

1126

7:2039 f, 2042. 2159; 8:2366, 2463; 9:2844; 10:3023, 3066, 3071,3091, 3142; 11:3258-61,

1132. 1139, 1185, 1196, 1210-12, 1215 f, 1232, 1246, 1255 f, 1260, 1267, 1286, 1292; 5:1357, 1369, 1497 f, 1500, 1516, 1534, 1544, 1593, 1608 f, 1631, 1648, 1655 f; 6:1681, 1686, 1697 f, 1705-8, 1736 f, f,

1848, 1871, 1874, 1910-13, 1928; 7:2022 f, 2045, 2049 Jogiches, Leo, 10:3170 f, 317&9 John of Kronstadt, Father,

6:1918 f Johnson, Hiram, 11:3394

f,

3528 Johnston, Brig.-Gen., 4:1054-7 Jones VC, Cdr. Loftus (1879-1916), 5:1398, 1401 Jonnart, 7:2253 Jonquil, 4:1056 f Josef, Gen. Archduke (1872-1962), 1:250, 253; 2:491-8, 548-50; 5:1479; 9:2839; 10:3090;

11:3273

Jouhaux, Leon (1879-1954), 1:114,281:6:1712 Jouinot-Gambetta, Brig.-Gen., 10:2985 f Jovanovic, S., 5:1590 Jowett, F. W., 7:2205-7; 9:2858 Joyce, 10:3012 Jubert, Lt., 5:1357 Judson, Gen., 8:2494 JuiUy, 1:264 Julnar, 5:1328, 1339, 1344,

1347; 9:2758

Junkers J 1,9:2699 JuriSic-Sturm, Gen. Paul, 1:142; 4:1099 f, 1114 f; 5:1590 Jutland, 5:1377-1432, 1564

K

3269.3411 Karlsruhe, 3:799; 4:989; 6:1748 Karlsruhe, 1:184 f; 3:870 f; 6:1770

K^olyi. Count Gyula (1871-1947). 11:3272 f

K^olyi, Count

Mih^y

(1875-1955). 10:3036, 3090;

11:3269 Kars, 2:500; 4:1308; 11:3485 Karst plateau. 4:1230-6 Kassel, 10:3144 Kathen, Gen. H. von. 7:2104; 9:2865 Kato, Baron Takaakira (1859-1926), 2:318 f; 3:976-9 Kato, Adm. Tomosaburo, 11:3289, 3508 Kattegat, 2:564; 3:948; 5:1378 Kaunitz, Count, 4:1155-7 Kautsky, Karl (1854-1938), 8:2611; 10:3125, 3179 Kavalla, 1:60; 4:1073, 1086; 5:1584 Kavanagh, Lt.-Gen. Sir C. T. McM.. 8:2418 Kazaks. 5:1350-5 Kazakstan. 5:1350-5 Kazim Beg, 5:1547 Keary, Lt.-Gen., Sir H. D'Urban (1857-1937). 5:1331, 1336 f; 6:1982 KeeUng, F. H., 3:797 Keetmanshoop. 2:352 f Kellogg. Frank, 11:3394 Kellogg. Vernon. 10:3194 Kelly. Brig., 10:3003 KeUy, Capt., 7:2200 Kelly,

R.-Adm. Howard

K-class submarine, 10:3230

(1873-1952), 2:343-7; 8:2571

Kabul, 2:436; 5:1547 Kaiser, 1:176; 8:2564 f Kaiser Wilhelm II, l:184f Kaiser Wilhelm der Grosse, 1:184; 6:1770 Kaiserin, 8:2564 f Kaiserin Elizabeth, 2:321 Kaledin, Gen. Alexei

Kemal Pasha, Gen. Mustapha, 'Ghazi', 'AtatUrk' (1881-1938), 3:765, 772. 774-7. 905. 912;

4:1052. 1057. 1140. 1309; 6:1787; 10:3001-9. 3052, 3056; 11:3352-5, 3479-82, 3484,

3488 f Kemball, Gen. G. 1336

(1861-1918), 5:1478, 1480-3, 1573 f; 6:1956; 9:2669 f, 2939 Kalinin, 11:3440 Kaiser, Gen., 4:1142 Kamenev, L. B. (1883-1936),

Kemmel, 1:304 Kemp, 2:351

6:1947; 8:2464

Kamil, Gen. 1308

Mahmut, 4:1262

Kamina, 2:361-4 Kamio, Lt.-Gen., 2:321-8, 331 Kanin, Adm., 3:949; 7:2102

f,

f

Kannengiesser, Col., 3:913 Kantorowicz, Prof. Hermann, 11:3516 Kaoussem, 5:1554

Kapp, Dr. Wolfgang (1858-1922), 10:3224; 11:3469-73, 3514 Kappel, Gen., 11:3502 f Karabekir Bey, Gen. Kiazim, 6:1889 f. 1897 f, 1967-71, 1976, 1981 f Karak, 10:3010 f Karibib, 2:353 Karl, Ktuser of Austria-

Hungary

V., 5:1328-31.

(1887-1922), 5:1453-7,

Kenly. Gen. W. M.. 10:2992 Kenna, Brig.-Gen. Paul. 10:3156 Kennedy. Capt.. 2:343 Kent. 2:524-36; 3:872 Keppel-Hamilton. Lt. L. H.. 4:1319 Kerensky. Alexander F. (1*881-1970), 6:1939 f. 1946 f. 1952-6. 1958-64; 7:2041. 2143 f, 2159, 2206; 8:2443 f; 9:2666, 2889 f, 2898; 11:3347 Kern, Surgeon-Gen. von, 4:1199 Kerr, Lt.-Cdr.. 4:1086 Kerr, Philip, 10:3226-8 Kessler, Count Harry, 10:3188

Keyes, R.-Adm. Sir Roger (1872-1945), 1:188

ff;

2:370-2,

GENERAL INDEX

Keynes, J. Maynard, 10:3150, 3194 f, 3229; 11:3368, 3475 Khabalov, Gen., 6:1937 f, 1948 f Khadir Bey. 6:1859

3:943; 6:1927-31 passim; 11:2356, 2940, 3155-7, 3500

Khalil Pasha, Gen., 5:1330. 1342, 1344-7; 6:1884 f, 1897, 1968, 1974 f, 1981 f; 9:2758 Khalil Sami Bey, Col, 3:732 Kharkov, 9:2673, 2682; 11:3439

Kiamil Pasha, 1:55, 59 Kiaochow, 2:318, 321 f. 331 f, 510; 3:978; 11:3288-91,3511 Kiel, 1:181, 197; 2:371

f;

10:3113-5, 3172 Kiel Canal, 1:29, 31, 43. 50. 175; 2:947 Kienthal. 7:2137 Kiesling. Lt.-Col. H. von,

6:1906

f

Kiev. 2:473; 11:3424 f. 3439 Kiddle, Capt. E., 2:340 Kiggell, Lt.-Gen. Sir Launcelot (1862-1954). 6:1695; 7:2195; 8:2334. 2360 Kil-class patrol gunboat, 10:3230 Kilidiilbahir, 3:721, 724, 729-32 KiUmanjaro, mt., 2:358 f;

f

FM

1042, 1050. 1058 f. 1064. 1129. 1130-2. 1138 f. 1187-93, 1216 f. 1219, 5:1372 f, 1462-5, 1490, 1519, 1522, 1641, 1645; 6:1752 Kitchin, Claude, 7:2010, 2020; 10:3102 1031. 1126. 1169, 1279; 1517,

Klecanda, J., 9:2944 Kleine, Capt. Rudolf. 7:2163-5 Kleist. Gen. von. 2:386 Kleist. Major von. 1:172, 259 Kleitz, Col. von, 2:380 Klewitz, Capt. von, 2:337 f Klof^c. Vaclav, 6:1676 Klopper. Cdr.. 2:416 Klotz. Louis. 10:3194 f Kluck. Gen. Alexander von (1846-1934). 1:77,87/", 126-30, 161. 164-5. 169, 204-6, 213-17, 220 ff, 268-72, 275, 279, 286. 294; 4:1089 Kneussl. Gen.. 6:1719-21

passim

(1870-1964), 1:236, 239, 312;

f;

Kophamel,

(1850-1916). 1:204; 2:336, 348 f, 379, 394, 405, 436-9, 450, 560. 568; 3:672. 707 f, 713-15, 717, 721, 725, 732, 744-53 passim, 758, 760, 762 f, 773, 821. 847, 902-5, 912, 945; 4:1014-19,

Knight. Adm.. 9:2940 Knorr, Capt. von. 6:1770 f Knox, Maj.-Gen. Sir Alfred

f;

3:864-9; 4:1002; 5:1376;

11:3450

10:3244 Kirchbach. Gen. von. 5:1458 Kirk-KiUsse, 1:55, 60 Kirkwood. David. 7:2206 Kiselov. Gen., 4:1084 Kitchener. Col.. 5:1374 Earl Kitchener,

627,632:3:723-5,763,771, 916 f; 5:1131 f, 1136; 7:2099, 2304 f; 8:2532; 9:2722-37

Konigsberg, 2:340, 359

6:1758-63, 1767, 1770; 7:2316

5:1374 f; 6:1757 King, 11:3316 King, C. D. B., 11:3332 King. W. L. Mackenzie, 11:3479 King-Hall, Adm., Sir Herbert (1862-1936). 2:359; 3:864. 867 King's Lynn. 2:641 Kipling. Rudyard, 5:1400;

Koblenz. 1:204. 226 ff. 279; 2:414 Kobylinsky. Col., 9:2898, 2900 Koeberl, 10:3166 Kohl, Gen. von, 1:80 Kohler, Capt., 3:871 Kolberg, 3:948 Kolberg, 2:626 f, 632 f Kolchak, Adm. A. V. (1874-1920), 3:947; 5:1569; 7:2102; 11:3436, 3496 f, 3499 f Kolev, Gen., 4:1083 Kolewe, Lt.-Gen., 1:138 Koln, 1:192 f, 199 Kolubara river, 2:487-9; 4:1103 Komarow, 1:250-54 Kondylis, Capt., 7:2253 Konig, 1:176; 5:1398. 1400 f; 7:2104; 11:3451 Konigin Luise, 1:186 Konigsberg. 1:229, 231. 237-41. 245, 255 f

Cdr., 4:1061 Kopriikoy, 2:500 Korda, Gen.. 5:1487 f Korea, 1:18; 2:314 Korfanty. Wojciech. 11:3343 Korff, Baron, 2:459 Kornilov, Gen. L. G. (1870-1918), 6:1955 f, 1959; 8:2445-53, 2470; 9:2667-75.

2682 KoroSec, Antun. 11:3277 Kortekeer Cabaret. 2:388 Kortemark, 2:386 Kosch, Gen. Robert (1856-19?), 2:462, 602, 605; 4:1099. 1102,

1106;6:1718-22 Kosice, 2:498 Kosovo, 1:55:4:1106, 1114. 1118, 1240 Kossirev, 9:2899 Kotthaus. Lt.. 2:525

Koundouriotis. Adm.. 7:2252 Kovel. 5:1573f Kovess. Gen. Baron Hermann (1854-1924). 4:1099. 1119. 1240 f; 5:1453. 1457 Kovno, 2:601 f, 640; 3:958. 966 Kozienice. 1:310

Kraftt von Dellmensingen. Gen. Konrad (1862-19 ). 1:148; 2:386. 388 f; 4:1104; 6:1717-21; 8:2366 Kragujevac, 1:140; 2:485, 488; 4:1099. 1103-6 Krakow. 1:307; 2:377 f. 455. 491-8. 545-51; 3:930 Kramar. Karel (1860-1937). 1:106 f; 6:1678, 1825; 7:2155 f; 10:3087; 11:3262-4 Krasnik. 1:249 Krasnov, Gen.. 9:2668-75. 2802 Kraus. Gen.. 5:1456; 8:2366 f.

2835 Kraut. Major, 6:1758 Krautwald, Gen. von. 2:619; 7:2277 Krebs. Major. 8:2420

3591

GE.yERAL INDEX Kreisler. Fritz. 9:2905

304; 2:385-9; 3:735 f, 741, 835, 847, 857 Lacaze, Adm., 6:1871 Laconia, 7:2016 f

Kress von Kressenstein, Col.

LaFdre, 1:261,294

Frhr. 2:344:3:707:6:1855-7,

La

1989-91:8:2388: 10:3050 Kriegel. Annie, 7:2138; 9:2719 Kritek, Gen., 2:493-8. 549 f; 5:1456 Krithia. 3:771-3. 903. 907 Krivoshein. A. V. (1858-1923). 3:939-42, 974

Krobatin,

FM

Baron von

(1849-1933), 1:64

Kronprim Wilhelm, 3:871

f:

1:184 f; 6:1735, 1770; 7:2104

Kronstadt. 1:15; 3:947-9; 11:3440 f. 3444-8 Kniger. Paul (1825-1904), 2:348 f; 5:1462 Kruger telegram. 1:37; 2:348 Kruiseecke. 2:389-92 Krupensky, Anatole, 3:876

Ferte, 1:286 Laffan's Plain, 4:1018 Laffert, Maj.-Gen. von, 7:2289 La FoUette, Robert (1855-1925), 7:2010, 2019 f; 9:2905 Lafont, Gen., 9:2939 Lagny, 1:204 Lahej, 5:1548 f Laibach, 3:894 Lake, Lt.-Gen. Sir Percy (1855-1940), 3:819; 5:1334, 1337, 1342, 1347; 6:1881 f

Lamb, Sir Harry, 8:2479 Lammasch, Heinrich (1853-1920), 6:1827; 10:3086

Lamont, Thomas, 11:3474 Lancken, Baron Oskar von

der,

8:2575; 9:2718

Krupp, 1:51-2, 100. 135; 3:938; 4:1203; 9:2704; 10:3027 Krupskaya. N. K. (1869-1939).

Landauer, Gustav, 10:3165 Landrecies, 1:204, 210, 215-17 Landsberg, Otto, 10:3117,

6:1963

3123,3172 Langemak, R.-Adm., 7:2102 de Langle de Gary, Gen.

Krusenstem, Gen.. 2:497 Krylenko. Gen. N. V. (1885-1940). 8:2480 f; 9:2668 Krylow. 1:254 Kr^-mov. Gen.. 9:2668 Kubakaul, 2:337 Kuban, 9:2673-5; 11:3438. 3498

Kufra, 5:1550 f Kuhl. Gen. Hermann von (1856-1958), 1:161; 4:1245; 5:1632; 7:2031. 2037, 2289, 2293; 8:2616-26; 9:2694 Kiihlmann, R. von (1873-1948). 8:2613 f; 9:2688 f; 10:3030,

3080 Kiihne, Gen., 6:1721 f Kale, 2:344. 469; 3:721-4. 730 f. 765, 768-72, 777

Kum

Kumanovo, 1:55; 4:1103 Kummersdorf, 2:609 Kun, Bela. 10:3165; 11:3264, 3270-5, 3361

f

Kunze, Sergt., 4:1268-73 Kuomintang. 4:1039 Kurayev, 9:2944 Kurdistan, 2:400 Kurds, 4:1154 f; 5:1322-5, 1521; 6:1908 Kuropatkin, Gen. A. N. (1848-1925), 4:1286; 5:1472;

8:2449 Kursk. 9:2768. 2771 f Kurst von Reden, Gen., 5:1543 Kusmanek, Gen. Baron

Hermann

(1860-1934), 2:491,

617. 620 Kut, 4:1149-52, 1175-80; 5:1328-47; 6:1779-83. 1968-73 Kutno, 2:457-61, 496 f Kuwait, 2:445-7, 506 Kuyper, Abraham (18P? 1920),

2:367

L2

control car, 2:643 L3, 2:645

L14, i^:1434 L59, 7:2327

La Bassee—Aire 3592

canal, 1:302,

Femand

(1849-1927), 1:88, 152 ff, 204-6, 220, 279; 2:579; 3:652-60; 4:1246, 1252, 1255;

6:1702 Langlois, Gen. H. (1839-1912), 2:607; 4:1181 Lanrezac, Gen. Charles (1852-1925), 1:88, 127 f, 158-62, 164 f, 204-6, 215-22, 267, 269 f Lansbury, George, 7:2204; 9:2885, 2888

Lansdowne, Marquess

of,

6:1751 f Lansing, Robert (1864-1928), 3:702-4; 4:1004-8, 1208; 6:1799 f, 1816; 7:2014-9; 8:2495, 2525; 10:2997-3000, 3106, 3213; 11:3269, 3279, 3285, 3532 Laon, 1:287 Laoshan Bay, 2:322 f, 331 Lapanow, 2:498, 545-51 Laperrine, Gen., 5:1554 f de Lardemelle, Gen., 4:1129 Larken, Capt., 2:469 f Larkin, James, 4:1294 La RocheUe, 6:1772 Latin America, 10:3076-9 de Lattre de Tassigny, Capt., 6:1712 Latvia, 10:3184-7; 11:3345-9, 3422-31 passim, 3438 Lauenstein, Lt.-Gen. Otto von (1857-1916), 2:601 Lauer, Col. M., 9:2838 Laurier, Sir Wilfrid

10:3148-50, 3228; 11:3482

Law. F. R., 7:2130 Lawrence, Lt.-Gen.

Sir

Herbert

(1861-1943), 6:1854-7; 8:2636; 9:2647. 2664

Lawrence. Lt.-Col. T. E. (1888-1935). 5:1342, 1344-7, 1524 f; 8:2393-2401; 10:3002, 3008-17, 3053 f, 3243; 11:3297,

Levy, Chief Rabbi, 1:282 Lewis, Cdr., 7:2086 Lewis, Capt. Cecil, 5:1444; 7:2187, 2222-5 Lewis VC, Pte. H. W., 5:1656 Lewis, Col. I. N., 10:3049

Le Verguer armoured

car,

2:582

LFGRolandCII,6:i867

3311,3315,3319

Liang Ch'i-ch'ao (1873-1929),

Lazarevac, 2:488 Lazimir, P. E., 8:2471 Lazys, 9:2895 Leachman, Major, 5:1337 League of Nations, 4:1226 f; 11:3366 f, 3372-5, 3393-6, 3544 Leary, Gen., 3:832 Lebanon, 11:3299, 3311, 3315-19 Lebas, Gen., 1:82 Leblois, Gen., 1:153; 5:1653-5 Lebouc, Gen., 9:2864 Lebrun, Gen., 5:1541 Le Gateau, 1:204, 209-17, 220-22, 258, 261, 303; 9:2659 f Lechitsky, Gen. Platon A. (1856-19?), 2:455, 491-7 passim, 547; 5:1478, 1484-8 L^czyca, 2:458 Ledebur, Georg, 10:3124 f Lednicki, Wactaw, 6:1834 Ledoux, Capt., 6:1793 Lee, Lt.-Cdr. John, 6:1764 f Leete, Alfred, 2:568; 4:1018 Lefevre, Gen., 1:153; 3:652 Legge, Col., 2:336 Legrand-Girarde, Gen., 1:301 Le Havre, 1:84 Lehmann, Cdr. Ernst, 7:2325-8

4:1036 Liaotung, 2:314 f Liaoyang, 2:314 Libau, 3:947-9 Libya, 1:37, 39, 55, 71; 2:399, 439; 3:874; 4:1061 f Lichnowsky, Prince von

Leinster, 10:3082, 3133 Leipzig, 2:336, 510-18, 525, 528-35; 6:1770

Leman, Gen. Gerard, Count (1851-1920), 1:124-6, 135, 137

f

Lemberg, 1:249-54, 310; 2:548; 3:932-5, 955, 957; 6:1955;

(1860-1928), 1:65, 67. 124, 186;

4:1274:6:1794 Liddell Hart. Capt. Sir Basil (1895-1970). 2:583; 3:743; 5:1603; 8:2428, 2434 f; 9:2928; 10:3017 see also Contributors Liebknecht, Karl (1871-1919), 5:1627; 7:2040, 2206; 8:2463, 2611; 10:3120-4, 3162, 3169-80,

3221

Uege,

1:30, 81, 85, 124 ff, 132-8, 158, 161; 2:376, 578,

646; 3:790, 842 Lier, 2:379 f

Lieth-Thomsen, Major, H. von der, 4:1000 Liggett, Gen. Hunter, 10:2965 f, 3049 283, 295, 300-303; 583; 5:1629

Lille, 1:204,

2:385

f,

Liman von Sanders, Gen. Otto (1855-1929), 2:398, 400, 428, 500; 3:729-32, 765-7, 772, 902-6. 911, 913: 4:1050, 1052-4,

1139, 1154, 1262, 1308; 6:1786; 8:2387; 10:3001-8, 3012-17, 3026, 3056 Limanowa, 2:498, 545-51; 3:955 Limanska Ada, 2:483

11:3430

Limpus, Adm. Sir Arthur

Le Meillour, Lt.-Col., 4:1320 Le Mesurier, Cmdr. C. E.

(1863-1931), 2:400, 469; 4:1138 Lindley, Francis, 9:2941

(1869-1917), 5:1406 Lemnos, 3:721, 725, 765-8;

Lindner, Alois, 10:3143, 3165 Link, Prof. Arthur, 11:3334 Linnarz, Capt. 5:1436 Linsingen, Gen. Alexander von

10:3056 Lenin, V. L (1870-1924). 6:1939-49, 1956. 1962 f; 7:2041. 2137. 2159. 2206 f; 8:2444 f, 2464 f; 10:2970-80 f, 2485 f, 2545 f, 2666. 2686-90, 2800, 2889-95, 2939, 2942, 3165 f; 11:3271, 3404, 3442 Lenoir, Pierre, 9:2718 f Lens, 4:1031 Prince Leopold of Bavaria, (1846-1930), 3:963; 9:2686. 2891 Le PiUy, 2:387 f Le Queux, William (1864-1927),

Lion, 1:191 f, 199 f; 2:622, 626-34, 634; 5:1384-1402, 1406, 1431; 7:2099 Lipp, Dr., 10:3166 Lipsett, Maj.-Gen. L. J., 7:2072 Lissauer, Ernst (1882-1937), 2:566; 3:799 Lithuania, 2:413; 3:839, 967; 11:3345-9, 3422-31 passim,

FM

(1850-1935), 1:126; 2:396, 594-7, 600, 619 f; 5:1479 f. 1484. 1488,

1574

2:589, 591

3438

(1841-1919), 3:818, 820 Lauriot, Charles, 3:694-9 Lausanne, 11:3355, 3482, 3489 Lautenburg, 1:240 Lauterbach, 2:416

Lequio, Gen. Clemente, 3:898; 5:1457 f Lerond, Gen., 11:3264 Lersner, Kurt von, 10:3027 Lesh, Gen., see Lyesh

WiUie Tank, 5:1642 Cmdr. A. S., 2:379 Littlejohn's armoured train,

Laval, Pierre, 9:2717

Lettow-Vorbeck, Gen. Paul von

Laverdure column, 5:1550 Lavergne, Gen., 9:2942 f Lavrov, 9:2944 Law, Andrew Bonar

(1870-1964), 2:358 ff, 564; 3:869; 5:1372-6; 6:1757-64; 7:2318-23, 2325; 10:3108-12;

T^58-1923), 1:109; 4:1189; t I 52-5, 1873; 8:2555; 9:2776;

11:3333, 3336, 3456 Levi, Paul, 10:3176

Levien,

f

Max, 10:3165-8

Little

Littlejohn,

2:382

Litzmann, Gen. Karl (1850-1936), 2:461-5, 602-6 Li Yuan-hung, President of

China, 8:2526 f Ljubicic, Gen., 2:497 f. 549 Lk II hght tank, 11:3407 Lloyd George, David (1863-1945), 1:38, 44, 52, 108

f;

i

i

2:573 f; 3:672. 714 f; 4:1022, 1059. 1126. 1190. 1192, 1196. 1284. 1303; 5:1462-4, 1639-41; 6:1750-5, 1799 f, 1871-6, 1905, 1965; 7:2015 f, 2023-5, 2094, 2098 f, 2163, 2181, 2248, 2253, 2256, 2285, 2289, 2304 f; 8:2333. 2336, 2375, 2385, 2462, 2495, 2554-61, 2575; 9:2655, 2663f, 2715. 2740 f, 2746 f, 2773. 2851. 2858-60. 2887; 10:2956. 2975, 2981. 2997-3000, 3030. 3051-6. 3080, 3133. 3147-51. 3198. 3202. 3207-9. 3215 f, 3226-9, 3232-4; 11:3255, 3280, 3286, 3291, 3297-9, 3315f, 3334-6, 3343.5555. 3366-70. 3373, 3376-8, 3389 f, 3409, 3450, 3479-82, 3484 f,

3488 f, 3498 Lochow, Gen. Ewald von (1855-19?). 3:945; 4:1099, 1102,

1252; 5:1357

Locker-Lampson, Cdr. Oliver, 6:1959 Lodge, Henry Cabot, 7:1994 2003; 10:2998, 3102, 3105, 3213, 3235; 11:3366, 3373, 3394-6 Lodz, 1:307; 2:457-65, 497 f Loebell, 7:2041 Logan. Ray ford. 9:2916 Logan. Col. Robert. 2:336 Lohner Bl. 2:545 Lome. 2:363 Loncin, Fort, 1:135-8 London, 2:642; 3:798 f, 814; 4:989-93; 6:1741-4, 1870; 7:2162-5, 2180 f; 10:2975

f,

f;

11:3488 Long, Walter, 6:1752; 8:2555 Longhurst, Mr., 2:363 Longmore, Sqdn.-Cdr. Arthur, 7:2312 Longwy, 1:283; 2:413; 3:840 Looff. Capt. Max. 2:359 Loos, 3:835; 4:1031-5, 1183,

Lu Cheng-hsiang,

11:3283

f,

3288, 3291 Liidecke, Cmdr., 3:872

Ludendorff, Gen. Erich (1865-1937), 1:124, 132, 136 f, 161, 237-45, biog. 247, 307-12, 2:413 f, 455, 461, 478, 480, 493, 545, 599 f, 612; 3:844, 957-60, ;

966 f, 974; 4:1003, 1199, 1213 f; 5:1470, 1573, 1581, 1610, 1628, 1632. 1656; 6:1695. 1717. 1719. 1799, 1801. 1806. 1808. 1825, 1873 f, 1928, 1931; 7:2014, 2029, 2031-43, 2052 f. 2065-7. 2071. 2105. 2114. 2136, 2141, 2162, 2191, 2197; 8:2338, 2356, 2418 f, 2434, 2362 f, 2374, 2616-36; 9:2638-55, 2687-91, 2694-2700, 2702, 2778-90, 2806-15, 2861-71, 2876-80, 2919, 2924 f, 2928-36; 10:2949-56, 3021-8, 3045. 3080-5, 3091. 3094-8, 3133 f, 3232; 11:3346, 3412 f, 3469, 3472, 3476, 3514 Luderitzbucht, 2:351 f Ludwig, King of Bavaria (1845-1921), 3:843

McCormick, Vance, 10:3195

2226 MacDonald,

J.

Ramsay

(1866-1937), 1:110; 2:407; 6:1751; 7:2204-7; 8:2573 f; 9:2858; 11:3334, 3537

MacDonogh, Maj.-Gen.

Macedonia, 1:55, 59; 2:398 f; 4:1070, 1080, 1082 f, 1098 f, 1104, 1124; 5:1582-9; 10:2980-7; 11:3276

Macedonia, 2:525-37 passim; Prof. B., 4:1274

McKenna, Reginald (1863-1943), 5:1462; 6:1751;

9:2888

279

Mackensen,

FM August von

8:2449; 9:2689; 10:3030, 3033 MacLaurin, Brig. H. N., 2:338 Maclear, Lt.-Col. P., 2:364

Macleay, Ronald, 11:3291

Maniu.

McMahon,

Sir

(1862-1949), 5:1518 11:3311

Macmillan, Capt. 6:1865; 7:2232 f

f,

1522-4;

MacMunn, Maj.-Gen.

6:1883. 1974 MacNeill. Eoin. 4:1294, 1297 Macready. Gen. Sir Nevil. 8:2365; 11:3520-7

8:2572

(1873-1913). 6:1814 Madras. 2:417

UUswater (1855-1949), 1:108 Lubaczow, 3:933 LubUn, 1:229, 249, 253 f;

f

6:1834 Luce, Capt. John (1870-1932), 2:510f, 518, 524, 527, 535; 3:872

11:3348

Sir

Mannheim, 4:1000 Manteuffel, Baron von, 10:3186

George (1869-1952). 4:1134;

Lossberg, Gen. Fritz von

498 Lowther, James, Viscount

Mannerheim, Gen. Baron Carl von (1867-1951), 9:2800;

Norman.

Madero, Francisco I.. President of Mexico

(1854-1934), 1:116; 5:1550-4; 6:1874, 1913; 7:2023-5, 2256 Lyck, 2:603 f Lyesh, Gen., 2:498, 551; 5:1483, 1574

luliu, 10:3036 f; 11:3362 Mann, Heinrich, 10:3164 Mann, Thomas, 10:3164

Henry

(1861-1925), 3:939. 974; 6:1939-42. 1947, 1958, 1961;

Lyakhov, Gen., 4:1309-13 Lyautey, Marshal Louis

Macva

river. 2:483,

485

f

f f

Maecker, Capt.. 2:416, 525, 528, 534 f Maetze, Col, 2:614

Magdeburg, 3:947

f;

1:192; 2:626;

5:i4i5

(1853-1932), 2:475; 3:732;

Mahon, Gen. Sir Bryan (1862-1930), 4:1050, 1058f, 1127-9; 5:1589 Mainz, 1:190-3

5:1632 Lynes, Cmdre., 9:2737 Lys river. 1:303 f. 385 f; 9:2694-2702

Mair, Lt.-Col. G. T., 2:365 Maisky, Ivan, 7:2209 Maistre, Gen. Paul (1858-1922), 3:651 f; 8:2345; 9:2779, 2786.

Lynch, Arthur, 7:2216 Lyncker, Gen. Moritz Frhr von

2861

M Maan. 10:3010-2 Maass, R.-Adm. L., 1:193 MacAndrew, Maj.-Gen., 10:3008

f

McAdoo, William

(1863-1941),

Mangin, Gen. Charles (1866-1925), 1:119, 126, 169, 204; 5:1360 f, 1544; 6:1680 f, 1705, 1736 f; 1:2023, 2106-14, 2125, 2134; 9:2807 f, 2861. 2879-81, 2932; 10:2949, 2956, 3195, 3233; 11:3498

also Alsace-Lorraine Lorraine gateway, 1:146-8

(1870-1919), 5:1627; 7:2040, 2206; 8:2462 f, 2611; 10:3120, 3123, 3160 f. 5i69- 79. 3221

Malines, 2:377 f Malinov, 10:3024 f Malinowski, R. V. (1878-1918), 6:1963 Maliwa, 7:2322 Maljen, Mount, 2:488 f Malleson, Brig.-Gen., 5:1374 f Mallin, M., 4:1300 Malmaison, 8:2345 Malmedy. 11:3390 f Malone, Col., 3:905 f; 4:1056 Malta, 2:342 ff; 3:907, 922 f; 4:1138

Mandates system, 11:3374

(1849-1945), 1:236, 239, 309 ff; 2:455-63, 497; 3:853, 930, 945, 956, 957; 4:1082 f, 1099-1108, 1102, 1117; 5:1578; 6:1718-22;

Madden. Adm.. 11:3453 Madang. 2:337 f

fcowicz, 2:463,

f

Lukin. Brig.-Gen., 4:1068; 5:1613 f Lukomsky. Gen., 9:2668 f Luleburgaz, 1:55 Luneville, 2:640 Lungkow Bay, 2:321 f Lurcher, 1:188, 192; 2:627 Lusitania, 1:184; 3:685 f, 695-9,

10:3168 Malagodi, Olindo, 3:874 Malancourt, 4:1011 Malaya, 5:1395, 1408 Malborghetto, 3:894-8 Malcolm, Gen. Sir NeiU, 11:3412 Maldive Islands, 2:420

Malvy, Jean (1875-1949), 4:1198; 7:2137 f; 9:2717 Mambretti, Lt.-Gen., 7:2276 f Mametz, 5:1507-13, 1516, 1534 Manchuria, 1:18; 2:314 ff, 977 f

6:1774

Machado,

LVG C VI. 9:2826 Lvov, Prince George

9:2878 Lost battalion, the, 10:3045 f Lotzen, 1:245. 254; 2:602 Loucheur, Louis. 9:2664 Louren^o Marques, 2:508 Louvain, 1:124, 130, 204; 3:797 f Lovett, Col., 2:395 Low, Alfred. 11:3271 Lowestoft. 2:642; 5:1377, 1438 Lowestoft, 2:371, 626

Sir G.

(1865-1942), 4:1095; 6:1725, 1792; 9:2939

Ludwigshafen. 4:1000

700 f; 4:1006, 1206-8, 1225; 6:1824; 7:1993, 1996, 2015 Luttwitz, Gen. Walther. Frhr von (1859-1942), 1:130; 5:1488; 11:3469-73 Lutzow, 5:1384 f, 1393, 1398, 1400-4. 1417, 1431 Luxembourg. 1:81. 85, 124, 152 Luxembourg (city), 1:204, 228,

f

(k. 1918), 2:540; 4:1000; 5:1444; 6:1864, 1870; 7:2131, 2223,

Luxembourg, Rosa

f;

Makowski, Sgt. Konstantin,

McCudden VC, Major James

1193, 1216 f Loraine, R., 5:1445 Lord, Prof. R. H., 11:3343 Lord Nelson, 1:174; 3:721, 724 Lorette heights, 1:301; 3:846-9 Lorrain. 1:146-9, 204; 3:843 see

(1868-1942), 5:1533, 1632; 7:2029, 2037, 2293; 8:2336

GENERAL INDEX

4:1007; 11:3531 MacArthur, Brig.-Gen. Douglas, 9:2864, 2991 Macatier, Pte., 10:2952 f M'Cay, Brig. James, 2:338 Macchi M7, 11:3462 Macchio, Karl, Baron von, 3:876, 880 f

f

Majestic, 3:721 f, 724, 905, 907; 4:1124 Makarov, 6:1914

Makino, Baron Nobuaki, 11:3285, 3288-91, 3373 Maklakov, N. A. (1870-1957), 3:939

Mantey, V.-Adm. Eberhard von, 3:871

Mantoux.

Prof. Paul, 10:3228;

11:3376 Maoris, 4:1044 Marash, 11:3355 Marc, Franz, 4:1258

Marchand, Gen.

J.-B.

(1863-1934). 4:1029; 7:2107;

9:2880 Marchlewski, 10:3170 f Marcker, Gen. von. 10:3217; 11:3472 Marconi. Guglielmo (1874-1937). 4:1090 Marden. Maj.-Gen.. 11:3481 Marder, Prof. A. J.. 5:1416, 1425. 1432:8:2565 Marghiloman, Alexandru. 9:2689; 10:3029-33

Mariana

Is.. 2:319-21, 329, 336 Mari6, Maj.-Gen. G. Karl von, 3:898 Marie, Queen of Rumania (1875-1938). 4:1072:5:1591 f Marienwerder. 11:3357 Maritz. 2:351 f Marix. Flt.-Lt. R. L. G.. 2:540.

640 Markgraf, 5:1401-4; 11:3454 Markiewicz, Constance Gore-

3593

A

GEyERAL INDEX

(1857-1921). 1:149, 300; 2:385, 392; 3:651 f, 734; 9:2779, 2784,

2787 Booth, Countess de

Maunoury, Gen. Joseph

(1876-1927). 4:1294. 1300. 1305 Markov. Gen., 9:2669

(1847-1923), 1:152, 204-6, 222, 272-5, 287, 298; 2:579; 3:667 f

Marlborough, 5:1398

Maurice, Maj.-Gen. Sir Frederick (1871-1951), 2:589; 6:1876; 8:2365 f, 2560 f; 9:2746-8, 211 Du Maurier, Lt.-Col. Guy L. Busson (1865-1915), 2:592 Maurras, Charles, 9:2718 Mavrocordat, Edgar, 5:1591 Max of Baden, Prince

f.

1402

Marling. Sir Charles. 6:1906 9:2767

f f;

Marmara. Sea

of. 2:469. 500, 564; 3:914-19:4:1059 Marmaris. 3:ii44, 1148 Marne river. 1:149, 206, 267-75, 284, 286 ff; 2:387, 578; 9:2861-80

Maroix, Cmdt., 2:364 Marsa Mutrah, 5:1552 Marschall von Bieberstein, Baron (1842-1912). 1:13; 2:398 Marshall Is.. 2:319-21, 329, 336 Marshall. Catherine, 4:1284; 7:2207 f MarshaU. Thomas. 10:3103 Marshall, Lt.-Gen. Sir William (1865-1939), 6:1891 f, 1968, 1983; 9:2758-66 Marshall, Col. George, 10:3045

Marshal Soult, 6:1728

3117,3123, 3125. 3128-39

Ivor, 4:1193;

5:1506, 1537

Maxton, James, 7:2206, 2209 Maxwell, Lt.-Gen. Sir John (1859-1929), 3:707, 710, 767, 773; 4:1059, 1064 f, 1068, 1132,

Mecinkirt, 2:500 Medals, 8:2497 f

(1856-1929), 1:124, 204, 298-304; 2:597, 601; 5:1484, 1488; 8:2418 f, 2626; 9:2933;

10:2946

Mehmedbasic, M.

Marye, George T., 6:1961 MAS 57 (torpedo boat), 7:2269 f

Masaryk, Prof. Thomas (1850-1937), 1:107; 2:474; 6:1676-9, 1795; 7:2155-60; 9:2681-4; 10:3087 f; 11:3261-5

Col.,

4:1264

Massingham, H. W., 6:1750 Masterman, Cdr. E. A. D., 7:2316 Masuria, 2:600-7 Masurian Lakes, 1:229, 231, 245 Matapan, Cape, 2:344 Matchko Kamen Mtn, 2:483 Mathiez, Albert, 7:2140

Mathy,

5:1434, 1437

6:1741-4 de., 4:1275 Matsui, Baron Keishiro, 11:3288 f;

Col.,

7:2070 Mercier, Cardinal, 6:1880 Meredith, Lt.-Col. 6:1857

Merten Pasha, Adm. Hans

4:1139

Matz, 9:2805-15

Maubeuge,

1:84, 152, 161, 1

(1857-1926), 3:729 "),

204, 215. 261, 287; 2:539 Sir F. S. (1864-1917). 6:1865-84, 1959 passim; 9:2757 f; 11:3050, 3311

Maude, Lt.-Gen.

3050 de Maud'huy. Gen. Louis 3594

1:5 f; 5:1590 Mehring, Dr. Franz, 10:3169 f, 3179 Meinecke, Prof. Friedrich (1862-1954), 3:840, 844 Meinertzhagen, Col. Richard (1878-1967), 2:360; 5:1374 f;

Mensheviks, 2:566; 6:1940-7, 1963 Mercer, Maj.-Gen. H. F.,

Matos, Col. N.

Matthews,

f;

MelviUe, Harry, 6:1792 Memel. 2:612 f; 3:949; 11:3358 Menin, 1:301, 304; 2:392 ff Mensdorff, Count Albert, 6:1905; 8:2575

Lt. H., 4:989-91;

Mertz von Quirnheim,

Col.,

10:3027

Merzheim, 6:1712 Mesopotamia, 2:400, 432, 439, 2-9, 506; 4:1142-52, 1158-63;

324; 6:1881-99, 1965-84; 9.-757-65, 2828-32, see also

(1871-1941),

river, 1:124

132

ff,

146, 152, 154, 158-62, 204; 2:385, 582 f Mexico, 6:1814-24; 11:3531

Meyer, Meyer, Meyer, Meyer,

Mirbach, Count, 9:2802 f, 2895 Mirko, Prince, 4:1241 Misic, Gen. Zinojin, 1:140; 2:489; 4:1099, 1102, 1114-18;

5:1653, 1656; 10:2981 Missy, 1:287-9 Mitchell, Col. William, 10:2956,

2991-6 Mitchell-Thompson, Sir W., 10:3196 Mitilini, 2:469

Mitov, Gen., 4:1083 de Mitry, Gen. M. Henri (1857-1924), 1:301, 304; 2:385 ff; 3:666; 7:2106; 9:2864 Mk. IV tank, 7:2152

Mk. IV female with

fascine,

8:2414

Mk. VIII

ff,

f

Gen. von, 2:539 Vice-Steerman, 2:416 Ernst, 10:3027, 3171

Otto, 3:803 Mezieres, 1:158; 2:461, 493; 4:997 Mezolaborcz, 2:595 Miazga river, 2:464 Michael, Grand Duke (1878-1918), 6:1939 MichaeUs, Georg (1857-1936), 7:2043; 8:2573, 2611 f; 9:2717 Michel, Gen. Victor C. (1850-19?), 1:82, 86, 158

6:1757-63; 7:2320; 10:3017 Meisser, Col. 2:389 Melbourne, 2:336-40, 420 Melchior, Dr. Karl. 10:3195 Melliss VC, Maj.-Gen. Sir Charles (1862-1936), 3:787 f; 4:1180; 5:1343 Melun, 1:204-6, 265, 273

Masefield, John (1878-1967), 2:338; 4:1045 de Mas Latrie, Gen., 1:206

Maslovski,

Meuse

6:1880

Maxa, P., 9:2944 Maxse, Maj.-Gen.

I.

Meurthe, 1:149

(1869-1939),

Medina, 5:1520-4; 10:3010 f Mediterranean, 1:18; 2:341-7, 469 f; 3:922-5; 4:1124; 5:1563 8:2544, 2569 f Mediterranean fleet, 2:341 f, 469 Megiddo, 10:3001-9

Afuera, 2:521; 3:871

Metaxas, Gen.

7:2249 Meteor, 2:632; 6:1770 Metternich, Count von, 1:43 f Metz, 1:85, 146, 152, 158, 301; 2:376, 539, 582; 4:1214 Metzger, Gen. Josef (1870-1921), 9:2835 Meurer, Adm., 11:3450

1300 f; 10:3052 Mayer, Col., 4:1319 f Mazel, Gen., 6:1703; 7:2023, 2107-12 Mazillier, Gen., 7:2106 Mecca, 5:1520 f; 6:1787

Martin, Col. 3:824 Martin, Rudolf, 2:592 Martin, T. S., 11:3261 Martin, Thomas, 9:2903 Martin, William, 11:3376 Martini, Ferdinando, 3:875, 881 Martins, Major F., 4:1275 Martos, Gen., 1:238, 240, 244 Martov, J. O. (1873-1923), 6:1963; 8:2465 Marwitz, Gen. Georg von der

Mas

Mestrovic, 1:106

f,

Max, Adolphe

(1869-1935), 1:146, 154, 204, 227, 283; 7:2026 f Messina, 2:342 f Messines, 1:303 f; 2:388 ff, 582; 6:1725; 7:2283-93; 8:2330

Messudieh, 2:469; 3:729, 914

(1867-1929), 8:2614; 10:2997-3000. 3024, 3081-4,

3114

Iraq

Messimy, Gen. Adolphe

Micheler, Gen. Joseph (1861-1931), 7:2026 f, 2105 f, 2111-14, 2139; 9:2864 Michelsen, Cmdre. A. (1869-1932), 5:1401; 6:1735 Midve, 1:59 Miechow, 2:455 Mignot, Gen., 7:2134 Militsa, Grand Duchess, 6:1915 Millerand, President Alexandre (1859-1943), 1:283 f; 4:1018; 6:1706, 1712, 1911; 11:3299, 3498 MiUing, Col. T., 10:2996 Millis, Walter, 7:2010 f Milne, Adm. Sir Berkeley (1855-1938), 2:341-7; 4:1089 Milne, Lt.-Gen. Sir George (1866-1948), 5:1589, 1655 f; 7:2256-65; 10:2981, 2984; 11:3352 Milner, Alfred, Viscount (1854-1925), 2:349, 405; 7:2289; 9:2655, 2664, 2802, 2805 f, 2939; 11:3257, 3327, 3336 MUos, 5:1584 MUward, C. A., 3:872 Milyukov. Pavel N. (1859-1943). 6:1939 f, 1946 f, 1958; 7:2159; 8:2447; 9:2889 Mimiy 6:1765-8 Mmeri;a, 2:469; 3:711 Minerva armoured car, 2:382

Mines, 6:1810 Mines and Mining, 4:1219-23; 5:1500, 1506, 1563; 6:1665, 1692, 1701 Minotaur, 2:338 f, 416, 420; 8:2567 Minto, Earl of, 5:1546; 11:3306 Minto, Capt., 2:363

tank, 11:3407 ff, 245; 2:640 Mobilization, 1:80-96, 118-21, 226-8; 3:882-5; 5:1593 f; 10:3047

Mlava, 1:237

Modern Warfare, 2:591 ModUn, 3:960, 966 Moehl, Gen. von, 10:3166 Mogilev, 5:1472; 9:2668, 2898 Mohammed V, Sultan (1844-1918), 2:400; 3:706

Mohammed

VI, Sultan

(1861-1926), 11:3352, 3355 Mohammerah, 2:439, 445 ff Mohawk, 6:1729, 1729, 1735

Mojkovac, 4:1241 Molkenbuhr, Hermann, 10:3132

MoUendorff

(of

AEG),

3:675;

5:1622 Moltke, 2:622-4, 626-33; 3:951; 5:1385, 1401, 1406 f; 6:1735; 7:2104; 10:3059, 3062

F

Moltke,

von

M Helmuth, Count

*'

(1800-91), 1:9, 80; 3:792;

4:1212 Moltke, Gen.

Helmuth von

(1848-1916), 1:31, 62, 64, 67, 81,85-8,96, 100, 120, 124-8, 132, 146-8, 161, 204, 213; at OHL, 22&8, 237, 249, 254, 270-2, 278 f, 286 f, 298, 307; 2:412, 475/, 579; 5:1621 Mombasa, 2:359; 5:1372, 1374

Mombelli, Gen., 11:3479

Monash, Lt.-Gen.

Sir

John

(1865-1931), 2:340; 7:2292; 8:2354, 2628; 9:2923;

10:2949-57 Monastir, 4:1073, 1103; 10:2985 Money, Gen., 11:3315 Mongolia, 3:977 f; 8:2503 Monmouth, 2:510-18 Monro, Gen. Sir Charles

f

(1860-1929), 4:1059, 1130-6;

1629

5:1368

f,

Mons,

1:161, 164-72, 204, 215.

217, 261, 301; 10:3101 Montagu, Edwin (1879-1924),

11:3301, 3307 Montague, C. E. (1867-1928),

i

1:111; 8:2412; 10:3147 2:336-8, 420; 3:825

Montcalm,

Mont des Cats, 1:303 Montdidier, 9:2928-37, 2949-57 Monteith, 7:2213 Montenegro, 1:10

ff, 22, 54, 60, 97, 139; 4:1071, 1117, 1238-41;

11:3276

f

Montenuovo, Prince, 6:1827

^

Montevideo, 3:870

416-24

Montgomery, Maj.-Gen. A. A.

Mumm von Schwarzenberg,

(1871-1947), 5:1537:9:2664 Montuori, Gen., 7:2277;

Baron, 2:316; 9:2800

8:2367

f

Moon Sound, 7:2104 Moore, Adm. Sir Archibald (1862-1934), 2:626, 632; 6:1774 Moore, Arthur (1853-1909),

Munich, 10:3160-8 Munitions (esp. shortages), 2:583; 3:671 f; 4:1022, 1187-90, 1216; 5:1470-2, 1581, 1622;

2:539

(1870-1916), 2:589, 592 Munro-Ferguson, Sir Ronald, Viscount (1860-1934), 2:336

Mora, 4:1316, 1320 Moraczewski, Jedrzej, 11:3341

Muraviev, Col. 8:2488

Murdoch, Keith, 4:1059

Neman

1:204

Moore-Brabazon,

C,

J. T.

Morale, 8:2342-56 Moran, Lord, 8:2351 f; 10:3242 Morane-Saulnier, L, 1:74 Morane-Saulnier N, 4:998 Morava river, 2:488 f; 4:1099-1106 Moravia, 2:474; 10:3087

Mordacq, Gen. Jean (1868-1943), 9:2664, 2786, 2864; 10:3232 Morel, E. D., 9:2858, 2860;

11:3334

Morgan,

J. P.,

&

company,

3:704; 4:1004-8

Morgen, Gen., 2:467

607;

ff,

6:1715-22

Morgenthau, Henry (1856-1946), 5:1324 Morhange, 1:147, 149, 152, 278 Morisson, Col., 4:1316, 1320 Morley, Headlam, 11:3376-8

Morley, John, Viscount (1838-1923), 1:108 f; 11:3306 Morocco, 1:19, 37 ff, 42; 5:1550 f Mortimore, Lt. H. W., 5:1636 Morval, 6:1686 f Mosciska, 3:933

Moscow,

3:940, 943; 5:1471;

Munro, H. H.

Murmansk,

'Saki'

3:673, 938; 5:1470;

11:3439, 3445, 3495 f Murray, Capt., 7:2150

Murray, Gen. Sir Archibald (1860-1945), 1:120, 273; 4:1193; 6:1854-9, 1989-92; 8:2393. 2397;

10:3052

Mursal Pasha, 9:2771 Mush, 4:1155, 1264

f

Mushroom Valley, 2:351 Mussolini, Benito (1883-1945), 3:881; 10:3147, 3184; 11:3254,

river, 1:80, 245, 308 Nepenin, Capt., 3:949; 7:2102 Nerezov, Gen., 10:2982-5 Nernst, Prof. 2:609

Mutinies, 3:824; 6:1948; 7:2102-4, 2133-44; 10:3113-15 Myasodev, Col. S. N. (1867-1915), 1:21, 230 l»xj.shlaevsky, Gen., 2:500-2;

(1862-1938), 2:592 Col. S. F., 8:2393

N

Newfoundland, 1:19

Naby Bey,

Newmarket, 2:641

New New

3:875 Nachtigall, Dr! Gustav (1834-85), 2:361

Nadir Khan, 11:3305 Nagel, Maj.-Gen. von, 7:2069 Nagorny, 9:2900 Nagy, Maj.-Gen., 2:497 f Nahichevansky, Gen., 1:233 Nairobi, 2:358; 5:1372, 1376 Namur, 1:85, 124 ff, 135, 158, 161,201 Nancy, 1:146, 149, 204; 6:1701 Nanking, 4:1037 f Napier, V.-Adm. Sir Trevylyan

New

Nigeria, 2:362, 365, 413 Nikic, Maj.-Gen., 2:496 f Nikita. King of Montenegro. see Nicholas Nine Bixio, i:U22 f

Nis, 1:140; 2:487; 4:1106 Nitti, Francesco, 10:3066;

11:3256

f,

3280 Robert

Nivelle, Gen.

(1856-1924), 5:1357, 1360, 1543 f; 6:1680-2, 1736 f, 1875 1913; 7:2022-7, 2049, 2105 f, 2111-14, 2124 f, 2138,2144,

f,

2150, 2197

f, 2283-5 Nixon, Gen. Sir John

(1857-1921), 2:450; 3:787; 4:1142-7, 1149, 1151 f, 1161 f, 1166-73 passim, 1176 f; 5:1328. 1331, 1334, 1341

Newbolt, Sir Henry

Newcombe,

4:1154

5:1546 f Niekisch, Ernst, 10:3165-8 Niemann, August, 2:591 Niessel, Gen., 10:3187 Nieuport. 1:305; 2:381. 385-9 Nieuport 11,5:1450 Nieuport 17, 7-2231 Nieuport 28, 9:2867

Nihan Rejad, 11:3482

Ner river, 2:458 Nery, 1:204, 223-5 Nesterov, Staff-Capt. P. N. (1887-1914), 2:541 Nete river, 2:378 ff Netherlands, see Holland Neufchateau, 1:152 f Neumunster, 5:1414-16 Neutrals, 2:366-8; 3:702-4; 4:1004-9, 1201-8; 5:1559-64 passim, 1572; 8:2339-41 Neuve Chapelle, 2:393, 284, 609; 3:734-43, 758 Newall, Lt.-Col. Cyril, 9:2852

3256 f, 3280 Muteau, Gen., 7:2111

Nida river. 2:491 Niedermayer, Capt. Oskar,

Nazim Bey, 9:2758 f Nazism, 11:3512-17 Nebolsin, Adm., 7:2102 Needra, Pastor, 10:3186 Negotin, 4:1097 Negrescu, Adm., 6:1720 Negroes, 9:2914-16, 11:3401 Nehru, Jawaharlal, 11:3305 Neidenburg, 1:230, 239-45 Nejed, 5:1520

6:1689, 1707

GENERAL INDEX

4:1258; 5:1448; 7:2172 Nazarbekov, Gen., 4:1154 Nazareth, 10:3001-5

f

Guinea, 2:321, 329, 336f Ireland, 2:337

Mexico, 7:2006

Newport News, 3:872 Newton, Baron (1857-1942), 3:797

New New

Nizam as Sultanah, 6:1908 Nizier-Vachot, 'Doctor' Phihppe, 6:1915 NoUet, Gen. Charles (1865-1941), 5:1541, 1544 Nomeny, 1:283 Noordam, 4:1007 f Nore, 2:370 Norman, C. H., 4:1284, 2207 Norris, George, 7:2019

Moxham, Arthur, 4:1007 Miicke, Cdr. H. von, 2:416, 424 Mudanya, 11:3355, 3482

5:1573

Zealand, 1:112; 4:1042-4 Zealand, 1:191; 2:622, 626-32; 5:1384 f, 1394 Niazi Bey, Major, 2:398 Nice, 3:875 Nicholas II, Tsar of All the Russias (1868-1918), 1:19, 21, 29, 59, 68, 96, 98 f, 229; 2:433; 3:839, 844, 932, 938, 940 f, 945, 961, 973; 4:1198, 1211, 1286, 1289:5:1464, 1471 f, 1488, 1580, 1588, 1591;6:1914-21, 1937-40, 1961; 7:2040, 2156; 9:2898-2901 Nicholas, Grand Duke (1856-1929), 1:57 /, 231, 245, 249, 253 f, 308 f; 2:406, 455, 459, 462 f, 473, 491 f, 546, 603,

Nasir, Sherif, 10:3011, 3014 f

606,612:3:717,721,931,935,

Norway. 2:368; 4:1201. 1204;

Mudra, Gen. Bruno von

Nasmith VC, Cdr. M.

(1851-1931), 4:1259:5:1357 Mudros, 3:725, 766, 907-12, 914-16; 4:1124, 1127; 10:3056 Muehsam, Eric, 10:3162-8

3:916-19, 948

940, 945, 961, 973; 4:1155 f, 1211, 1262 f, 1313:5:1470, 1488; 6:1957, 1965 Nicholas, King of Montenegro (1841-1921), 1:54-5, 59;

7:2212 Noske. Gustav (1868-1946). 10:3114. 3124. 3165. 3178. 3182,3187. 3217. 3221; 11:3469-73

4:1238-41:5:1586 Nicholson, Capt. Wilmot, 11:3465 Nicobar Islands, 2:424 Nicolai.Cmdt., 6:1738

Nottingham, 2:624, 626; 6:1731-3 Noulens, Amb.. 9:2939; 11:3496 Nourisson, Gen.. 8:2378 Novara, 7:2269, 2271 f Novikov. Gen.. 2:461 ff Novoradomsk, 2:497 f Novorossiysk. 2:469; 5:1566

9:2666, 2802

Moselle river, 1:147, 149 Moser, Lt.-Gen. Otto von, 8:2425-34 Moshi, 2:359 f Mossow, 4:1104 Mosul, 2:506; 6:1782; 9:2765 Mother tank, 5:1643 Motor launch, 7:2306 MouUn, Cpl.. 7:2140 Mouhn les Roches, 1:287

Mountain warfare, 3:889-92; 5:1453, 1460 Mowe, 1:184; 6:1772-7, 1775 Mozambique, 2:413

Muhammerah, Sheikh 2:448; 3:781; 4:1142

of,

f

Muhlen, 1:240

Mukden,

1:246; 2:314; 4:1181

Mulhouse, 1:146-8, 283 Muller, Dr., 11:3376, 3474 Miiller, Capt. Eric von,

Miiller,

4:1089

Adm. Georg von

(1854-1940), 2:636; 3:966; 7:2038, 2040 f; 10:3083 Muller, Hermann, 10:3113 Muller, Capt. Karl von, 2:340,

D. W. (1867-1920), 2:627; 8:2564 f Napoleon, 2:603, 614, 616; 3:707, 889, 973; 4:1026, 1090, 1181, 1213, 1292; 5:1340 f, 1584; 10:3234, 3249 river, 1:80 Narotch, Lake, 4:1286-92;

Narew

E.,

Nasrullah, 5:1546

Nassau,

1:50; 3:951;

5:1408

Natal, 2:349

Nathan, Sir Matthew (1862-1939), 4:1297 f Nationahsm, 1:21-31, 33-9; 2:472-4; 3:874-81; 8:2577-80 Naumann, Friedrich, 10:3160,

3184

Naumann,

Nicolai, Col.

Victor, 6:1675

Nauru, 2:336 f Nava, Lt.-Gen. Luigi, 3:898 Naval guns, 1:180 Naval holiday, 1:45 f Navarre, Lt. Jean (1895-1919),

Walther

(1873-19?), 4:1089, 1091, 1094 Nicholson, Sir Arthur, Baron

Carnock (1849-1928),

1:19, 38.

110 Nicolson, Harold (1886-1961), 11:3255, 3271, 3365, 3376-8

f

f

North Africa. 5:1550-5 Northchffe. Viscount (Alfred Harmsworth) (1865-1922). 2:589; 3:672. 792; 4:1190, 1216.

1279; 6:1800; 7:2099, 2305; f; 9:2773; 10:3150. 3228 Northern Patrol. 3:690-3 Northey. Brig.-Gen. E.. 5:1374; 6:1757. 1761; 7:2318 f North Keehng Island. 2:424 North Sea, 1:18. 177; 2:370. 373; 3:713; 4:1203; 5: 1377-1432 passim, 1437; 6:1770; 7:2085; 8:2562-7; 10:3057-62; 11:3451 Norton-Griffiths. Lt.-Col. Sir John. (1871-1930). 4:1219 f;

8:2555

MP

6:1725

f

NovyS^cz.

2:491. 497 Noyen, 1:204; 4:1021; 9:2949-57 Nugent. Brig.-Gen. O.. 4:1012 Nungesser. Lt. Charles

3595

,

GE^ERAL INDEX

9:2722-37; 11:3450 Otranto, 2:511-18

Otranto Channel. 3:882, 885, 922; 4:1123; 7:2268-72; 8:2569;

(1892-1927). 4:1258:5:1448;

7:2172

10:3072

Nunn, Capt.. 4:1148: 5:1328

Otto. Baron. 4:1238 Oven. Gen. von, 1:137; 10:3166. 3221; 11:3471 Owen. Wilfred, 10:3100, 3240 f

Nuri Pasha. 4:1061 9:2768; 10:3012

f.

1064-8;

f

Nuri Shalaan. Sheikh. 10:3013

Xumberg,

2:336. 359. 416. 510-18. 525. 528-36:6:1770;

10:3113 Nur-ud-din. Gen.. 4:1151 f, 1169. 1173. 1175 f; 5:1342; 6:1965

Paar. Gen. Count Eduard (1837-1919). 1:105 Pabjanice. 2:462 Pabst. Major W., 11:3469 Pacific Ocean, 2:334-40 Pacifism, 7:2204-11

O

Packard-Le Pere

OBeirne. H.

J.. 5:1465 Oberndorf. 6:1748 Oberndorff. Count. 10:3136 Obregon. Alvaro. 6:1814 f Obrenovac. 1:140 Ocean, 2:447. 469; 3:724 f O'Connor. Col.. 5:1547 Odessa. 2:400. 469. 497; 5:1566; 11:3438. 3445. 3495 Odin, 2:446-9; 3:781. 783; 4:1146. 1148 OTaolain. Sean. 4:1294 Ohnesorge. 1:227 Oise river. 1:220-22, 286, 289-93. 296-8 Ojetti. Ugo. 10:3066

Okuma. Count Shigenobu

Old Moshi, 6:1757

9:2898 OUver, F. Oliver,

S.,

f;

2:566

V.-Adm.

Sir

Henry

(1865-1965), 2:627, 630;

5:1415 f; 7:2098 OUver, Prof. Roland, 11:3336 Ollivant, Lt.-Col., 2:380 Omsk, 11:3439, 3496,

3499-3503

4:1203 Orlando, Vittorio Emanuele (1860-1952), 3:881; 8:2375;

3134, 3232; 11:3253-7, 3276, 3279 f, 3366 f,

f

3373 Orlov, Gen., 2:498, 547, 550 Ortelsburg, 1:238 f Orozco, Pascual, 6:1814 Osborne, Brian, boy trumpeter, 3:768 Osel, Heinrich, 10:3165 Osman I, see Agincourt Ostend, 1:188, 204, 269; 2:378 f; 7:2104, 2301-5;

3596

Paderewski, Jan (1860-1941),

3423 Pagan, 2:336, 416 Page, Thomas N. (1853-1922), 11:3340-2,

3:876 Page, Walter Hines (1855-1918), 3:703-4; 4:1005, 1208; 6:1799; 7:2016 Pagels, Albert, 3:872 Paget, Gen., 1:120 Paine, 1:72 Painleve. Paul (1863-1933), 7:2026f, 2137, 2140, 2197; 8:2375; 9:2716 f; 11:3378 Pakenham, Adm. Sir William C. (1861-1933), 2:624, 627;

1292; 6:1958, 1962 Palestine, 2:401; 4:1102; 5:1517-19, 1523; 6:1989-92; 8:2385-91, 2405-7; 10:3001-9, 3012; 11:3296 f, 3315-19 Palitzine, Gen., 7:2143 f Pahn Is., 2:337 Palmer, A. Mitchell, 11:3404

6:1825 Pankhurst, Mrs. Emmeline, 9:2884-8 Pankhurst, Sylvia. 9:2884 Pankratov, 9:2899 Paimiure, Lord, 2:609 Pannewitz, Gen., 2:461 ff; 5:1515, 1528-34 Papacy, 3:876; 8:2574 f Papadopov, Gen.. 4:1083 Papeete, 2:338 f Papen, Capt. Franz von (1879-1971), 4:1005-8, 1092 f Papoulas, Gen., 11:3486-9 Pappritz, Lt.-Gen., 2:612 f Parachutes, 7:2130-2 Parashnitza, 2:483 Paraskeropoulos, Gen., 11:3486 Pares, Prof. Sir Bernard (1867-1949), 6:1921, 1959 Paris, 1:30, 154, 201. 204, 206, 270 ff, 283 f; 2:642; 3:880; 5:1435; 6:1706, 1711, 1790; 8:2545; 9:2704-9; 11:3332 Paris, Ma j. -Gen. Sir Archibald (1861-1937). 2:379; 3:767 f;

6:1906-8 Persian Gulf, 2:439, 442 ff, 506; 3:751 Petain, Marshal Philippe (1856-1951), 1:204; 2:651 f; 3:848, 851, 853; 4:1024, 1245 f, 125&60; 5:1356-60, 1448. 1544; 6:1681. 1913; 7:2022. 2027, 2105, 2111-14, 2134,2138-41, 2197 f, 2285 f; 8:2342-7, 2362, 2630; 9:2655, 2663 f, 2695, 2779, 2805 f. 2861 f, 2923 f. 2936; 10:2945 f, 2956, 2964,

2969 Petala, Gen. 6:1720

Petard, 5:1395, 1408, 1413 Peter, Gen. Archduke, 1:253 Peter, King of Serbia (1844-1921), 2:489; 4:1118 Peterwardein, 3:953 Petit Morin River, 1:275 Petlyura, Semen. 11:3424, 3495 Petrie, Capt. Charles (b. 1895), 5:1517 Petra, 10:3010 Petrograd. 3:940-4; 4:1198; 6:1914-21. 1937-40, 1947; 8:2443-7, 2470-82; 9:2666-70, 2889, 2898; 11:3444, 3498, see also St. Petersburg

Pec, 4:1115-19, 1240 Pecori-Giraldi, Gen. Count,

2:491, 595

5:1456

1483-8; 10:3143

5:1628; 6:1798-1801. 1900-5; 7:2039 f; 8:2572-5; 10:2997-3000, 3056, 3080-4 Peake. Capt. F. G., 10:3013 Pearse, Patrick (1879-1916), 4:1294, 1297-1303, 1305

f;

7:2132 f,

Persia, 1:19; 2:434-46 passim, 506; 4:1154-7; 5:1546 f;

Petropavlosk, 11:3444, 3448 Pettiti, Gen., 5:1589 du Peuty, Cmdt., 7:2124 f, 2172; 8:2739 Peyton, Maj.-Gen. W. E., 4:1068 Pfaeler, Capt., 2:363 Pfeffer, Capt. von, 10:3186 Pflanzer-Baltin (1855-1925),

Peace negotiations. 4:1224-7;

7:2276; 8:2368 Pedroncini, Guy, 7:2114, 2133-5. 2140 Pegoud, Lt. A., 2:541; 4:1001;

3531 f Panaretov, Stefan, 11:3360 Pan-Germans, 2:413; 3:839 f;

Opatow, 3:932 Oppau, 4:1000 Oppen, Col. von, 10:3003, 3009 Oppenheim, Baron, 3:707 Oppenheimer, Francis, 2:367 Orama, 2:524; 3:872; 6:1774 Orange Free State, 1:15; 2:348 f, 508 Orgmovsky, Gen., 2:463 Orkney Islands, 1:181. 188;

10:3065

10:2994

(1859-1944), 1:96, 98 f, 230; 2:405; 3:940; 4:1286, 1289,

of,

3:843 Oleg, 3:947-9; 11:3448 Olga, Grand Duchess, 6:1915

11,

8:2564 f Palau Is., 2:321, 329, 336, 416 Paleologue, Maurice

(1838-1922), 2:318 Oldenburg, 5:1408; 10:3059,

3062 Oldenburg, Grand Duke

LVSAC

4:1132 Park. Frank. 9:2914 Parker, Alwyn. 10:3199 Partridge, 8:2567 Paschen, Capt., 1:191 Pasi6, Nikola (1845-1926), 1:3, 60. 105 f, 140; 4:1073. 1075, 1115; 5:1583, 1586, 1589 f; 11:3257, 3276-80 Passaga, Gen., 7:2108, 2139 Passchen, 9:2767 f Passchendaele, 1:304; 2:387, 581; 3:828; 7:2283-2300; 8:2330-8. 2357-62 Patey. R.-Adm. Sir George. 2:336 f Paton, Adm., 6:1720 Patrick, Maj.-Gen. Mason, 10:2995 f Patton, Col. George. 9:2815; 10:3045 Pau, Gen. Paul (1848-1932), 1:146 ff; 4:1098 Paul, Alice, 11:3418 Paulinier, Gen., 5:1544 Pavlov. Gen.. 6:1982 Pavlovic, Col. Zivko, 1:140 Payer, Friedrich von (1847-1931), 8:2613; 10:3083 f P-class river steamer, 6:1979 Peace Conference, 10:3198-3209, 3226-34; 11:3365-78

Peguy, Lt. Charles (1873-1914), 1:114, 116; 6:1836, 1843 Peidl, Gyula, 11:3273 Peking, 11:3286 PeU6, Gen., 6:1871; 7:2107 Pelly, R.-Adm. Henry B. (1867-1942), 2:631,633 Peltier, Col.,

Pemberton,

4:1029

Max

(1863-1950),

2:590

Pemberton

Billing, Noel,

MP,

9:2776 Penang. 2:424 Penelon. Gen., 6:1910 Pennella, Gen., 9:2844 Penn-Gaskell, Lt. L. da C, 1:264; 2:539 Pentland Firth, 6:1772 Pepeliaev, Victor, 11:3437, 3498. 3502 f Percin. Gen., 9:2717 Perenchies ridge, 1:304 Perim Island, 2:439 Peroyze, 2:389 P^ronne, 1:298; 10:2949-57 Perrette, Prefect, 9:2717 Pershing, Gen. John (1860-1948), 6:1798, 1821; 7:1993, 2010; 8:2778 f; 9:2805; 10:2945, 2956 f, 2962-9, 2994-6, 3044 f, 3134; 11:3528

f,

619

f;

^

5:1479,

Philipeville, 2:342 f

Piave river, 8:2379, 2833-47; 10:306&71 Piazza, Capt. 1:71 Picardy, 10:2949-57 Pichler, Gen., 5:1458 Pichon, Stephen, 11:3276, 3495 Picket boat, 4:1086 Picot, Georges, 5:1518, 1523 f; 10:3010, 3056; 11:3298, 3315 f du Picq, Col. Ardant (1831-70), 4:1181 Pieck. Wilhelm, 10:317&8 de Piepape, Col. P.. 10:3002;

11:3315

Adm.

Sir Richard, 3:922 Pilica river, 1:310 Pilsudski, Marshal Josef (1867-1935), 1:106; 2:473, 497, 550; 6:1830-4; 8:2463, 2580; 11:3338-42, 3349, 3410, 3422 f,

Pierse,

2:469

f;

3433 f, 3438 Pinsk, 3:967; 4:1103; 5:1488 Pisani, Capt., 10:3012 Pitt, Barrie, 10:2999

Plan 17, 1:82-4, 88. 146, 155 Plastiras, Col.. 11:3489 Plate river, 3:870, 872 Plebiscites, 10:3250; 11:3356-8

Plehve, Gen. (1850-1916). 1:1, 249-54; 2:455, 461 ff, 491-8,

603 Plekhanov, G. V. (1856-1918), 6:1963

^

Pleshkov, Gen., 4:1287-91 Pless, 4:1026. 1082, 1099; 5:1628, 1632, 1656; 6:1801,

1806 Plessen, Gen. Hans von (1841-1929), 1:64; 2:461; 7:2041 Ploegsteert Wood, 2:388 ff Ploesti, 6:1725

f

FM

Sir Herbert (1857-1932), 2:625; 3:827-36,

Plumer,

927; 4:1212; 7:2284-93, 2300; S.2330-8, 2351 f, 2359, 2377; 9:2700; 10:3093, 3098; 11:3381 Plunkett, Joseph, 4:1300, 1305;

7:2213 Pliischow, Lt. Giinther, 2:321-4; 3:812-16

Pliiskow, Gen., 2:461 ff Plymouth, 2:621 Podgayersky, Gen., 9:2944 Poets, of war, 6:1836-43; 10:3240-5 Pohl, Adm. Hugo von (1855-1916) 1:183; 2:636 f; 3:947; 4:1089; 5:1377, 1434 Poincare, President Raymond (1860-1934), 1:65, 98, 114, 226, 281, 283 f; 2:433; 3:877; 4:1026, 1126:5:1498, 1608; 6:1681, 1701, 1902-5; 7:2027, 2040, 2114, 2134, 2137, 2140; 9:2664,

2717, 2865; 10:2968, 3133 f, 3207, 3214, 3232; 11:3366-8,

3979 Poindexter, Miles, 10:2997

239 Pokrorsky, N. N. (1865-1930), 6:1800 Pokrovsky, Gen., 5:1355 Poiret, 1:1,

Pola, 2:342, 347; 3:885, 922;

4:1002, 1124; 6:1669; 7:2268, 2270; 8:2569 Poland, 2:414, 455 f, 472-4, 587; 3:839, 939, 966, 971 f; 6:1677, 1825, 1828-45; 8:2463, 2548, 2552, 2580; 10:3089; 11:3338-43, 3422-31, 3438

Polemis, Capt. D., 2:416 PoUne, 1:1, 153 PoUsh Legion, 2:473 f, 497, 550 PoUvanov, Gen. A. A. (1855-1920), 3:939-42; 5:1469-72 Polk, Frank, 7:2016 Polygon Wood, 2:389, 396; 3:828 Pomiho PD, 7-2281

Ponsonby, Arthur, MP, 7:2206; 9:2858-60 Pont, Col., 1:226; 9:2864 Pont-^-Mousson, 1:149 Pontoon bridging train, 5:1334 Poole, Brig.-Gen., 11:3496 Pope, Sir Joseph, 3:818, 821 Poperinge, 2:388 f, 396, 642 Poplavko, Lt., 4:1003 Popov, 9:2895 Popovic, Gen., 4:1114; 6:1717 Popovici, Gen.. 5:1600 Porro. Gen., 8:2365 Porsche, Dr. F., 4:1002 Port AmeUa, 10:3108 Port Arthur, 2:314, 316; 3:947, 977; 4:1181 Port Jackson, 2:338 Port Moresby, 2:337 Port Said. 2:344 Port Santa Elena. 2:525 Port Stanley. 2:524

GENERAL INDEX

Porte-Felixstowe F3, 11:3462

Q

Portsmouth.

Q-ships, 3:682, 686 f; 5:1559 f, 1572; 6:1771-7; 7:2083<6, 2093, 2102, 2308-11

1:49, 181; 2:621 Portugal, 2:366; 4:1274

f

Posen, 3:951; 5:1408 Posht-e-Kuh. Wall of. 6:1907 Posselt, Gen. von. 4:1264 Postovski. Gen.. 1:1. 239 Potchefstroom. 2:351 Potiorek. Gen. Oskar (1853-1933), 1:1, 6-7, 85, 140 f; 2:482-9; 4:1099 Pourtales, 1:97-9

Count (1853-1928),

Pownall, Cdr., 2:469; 3:916 Poznan, 1:231, 255; 3:959 Prague, 2:474; 6:1676, 1678 10:3086-8 Praporgescu. Gen.. 6:1720 Predil. 3:894-8 President Kruger, 9:2768,

2771

f;

f

Preston, Col., 10:3155 Pretoria, 2:351 Pretorius, Major Pieter, 3:865-9 Preuss, Hugo, 10:3217-24 Preusser, 9:2762 Prialac river, 1:312 Prigge, Major, 4:1308 Prilep, 10:2982, 2985 Prince, Capt. T. von, 2:359 Pnncess Royal, 1:191; 2:622, 626-32; 5:1384 f. 1393-7,

1406 Princip, Gavrilo (1893-1918),

31 Prinkipo, 11:3495 Prinz Eitel Fnedrich, 2:416; 3:871 f; 6:1770 Prinzregent Luitpold, 8:2566 Prisoners of war, 3:802 f, 806-16; 4:1061-3. 1094, 1232; 6:1779-83 Prittwitz und Gafron, Gen. Max von (1848-1929), 1:229-39, 1:3, 7,

308 Pritzelwitz. Gen.. 1:152

f

Prochian. 9:2895 Progressive Bloc. 5:1471 Propaganda, 6:1790-5 Protic, Stojan, 11:3280 Protopopov, A. D. (1866-1918), 6:1921 Prussia, 1:24 Przasnysz, 2:607; 3:960, 963 Przemsyl, 1:254, 307-12; 2:491, 497, 594-7, 600, 616-20; 3:753, 942, 954

Przevalsky, Gen., 2:502; 4:1264 Pskov, 9:2666, 2898 Pugin, 5:1546 Puhallo, Gen., 5:1479, 1487 Pulteney, Lt.-Gen. Sir William (1861-1941), 1:303 f; 2:385. 392; 5:1636; 8:2418 Punta Arenas. 3:872 Purishkevich. V. M. (1870-1920). 6:1921 Pusteria Valley. 3:894

940

PutUov.

1:97; 3:938.

Putnik,

FM Rodomir

(1847-1917), 1:140 f; 2:482-9; 4:1094, 1099,1103, 1105-8,

1118f Putz, Gen., 3:662, 828-35 Pu-yi, Henry, see Hsuan Tung

Redlich, Josef (1869-1936), 1:105; 6:1827

Quast. Gen. Ferdinand von (1850-19?), 1:126; 5:1534 Quebec, 3:819

Redmond, John

Queen Elizabeth,

Reed, John (1887-1920), 8:2472 f Refugees, 1:201; 3:971-5; 5:1470 Regnault, Amb., 9:2941 Reid VC, Capt. O. A., 6:1976 Reilly, Major, 4:1169 Reilly, Sidney, 4:1090 Reinhardt, Gen. Walther, 11:3469-73 Reisenburg, 1:256 Rejet Bey, Col., 3:732 Remsi Bey, Col., 3:732

719, 721,

724

f,

1:174; 3:718,

763. 768-72.

5:1384; 11:3452 1:191; 2:622; 5:1384.2595/, 1417, 1431 Queenstown, 2:621, 686 Quene-du-Bois, 1:137 Quien, George, 3:803 Quinn, Major, 3:906

916

f;

Queen Mary,

Qurna, 3:780-3; 4:1145-52

R Rabaul, 2:336-8 Raben. Capt. von. 4:1320 Raddatz. Gen.. 6:1982 Radek. Karl. 10:3177 f Radko-Dmitriev. Gen. (1859-19?). 2:491-8. 546-51;

3:931; 6:1936

Radoslavov, Vasil (1854-1929), 4:1071, 1073; 5:1586 Radtke, Lt., 4:1272 f Raeder, Capt. Erich (1876-1960), 5:1401 Ragoza, Gen., 4:1288

E. (1856-1918).

1:109; 4:1294; 6:1752; 7:2209.

2212, 2216

Renault 15-ton

artillery

tractor, S-2603

Renault

FT

17 light tank,

10:3043

Rennenkampf, Gen. Paul K. (1854-1918), 1:229-45, 246, 252, 256; 2:455, 461-3 Renner, Karl, 11:3258 f Reparations, 11:3367 f, 3474-6,

3534 Repington, Col. Charles A'Court (1858-1925), 2:425, f

Raleigh, Prof. Sir Walter A. (1861-1922). 2:540

Ramsgate, 2:621. 642 Ramstedt. Capt., 2:365 Randell, Lt., 10:3020

Ransenberger, Prof., 9:2704 Rapallo, 8:2545, 2559

Rapp, Cmdt., 4:1029 Rapp, 7:2144 Rashadieh, see Erin Rashich, Gen., 1:142-4 Raskolnikov, 9:2890 Rasputin, Grigori E. (1872-1916), 3:940, 944, 974; 4:1198:5:1470-2, 1580; 6:1914-21, 1937

Rathenau, Walther (1867-1922), 2:572; 3:675f; 4:1199; 5:1622 f, 1627; 7:2040. 2042; 10:3082. 3188 Rationing. 4:1204. 1208; 5:1624-7 Ranch, Gen. von, 9:2941

Rauf Bey, 10:3056

Rava Russka,

1:249, 254 Rawling, Brig.-Gen., 5:1534 Rawlinson, Gen, Sir Henry

(1864-1925), 1:302, 304; 2:381, 385,387:3:741 f, 927; 4:1032, 1050, 1096, 1185. 1219; 5:1492. 1497-99, 1514, 1516, 1528 f. 1533-7. 1602. 1608, 1631-7; 6:1690; 7:2033, 2284-93; 8:2560;

9:2655, 2755, 2919. 2925, 2932;

10:2946 f, 3093f Raynal, Cmdt., 5:1542 f Razvoy, Gen., 6:1722 RE 8, 6:1867 Read, Capt. Herbert (1893-1968), 2:592 Rebrikov, Col., 2:612 Reddermann, Maj., 4:1011 Redl. Col. A., 4:1094 Redhch, Capt., 5:1401

432, 436; 3:753; 4:1089, 1190, 1216; 9:2774

Repulse, 8:2564 f Requin, 2:469; 3:708 Reshid Bey, 10:3056

f;

5:1550

Rethel, 1:222 Reuter, Adm. von, 8:2564 11:3451, 3453 f Reuter, Gen. von. 10:2984 Reval, 3:948 f

f;

Reventlow, Count Ernst zu (1869-1943), 2:622

Revet Bey, Col.. 10:3002 Revolutions. 11:3541 f German 10:3116-25 Bavarian 10:3162-8 Hungarian 11:3269-75 Russian 6:1937-47 f; 7:2040 2102; 9:2889-901 Rex, Count, 2:316, 318 de la Rey, Gen. Jacobus (1847-1914), 2:349. 351 Reymann, Capt. Max. 1:184 Reynolds, G. B., 2:442 Rhallis, M.. 6:1846

f.

Rheims, 1:293, 298 Rheinland, 1:51

Rhine

river. 1:146

Rhineland. 2:405 f; 10:3188. 3233 f; 11:3380-4 Rhondda, Lord, 9:2773 Ribarov, Gen.. 4:1083. 1117 Ribot, Alexandre (1842-1923), 1:283 f; 3:904 f; 6:1706; 7:2026 f. 2137, 2197 f. 2253;

9:2716

f;

10:2990

Rice, Gen. G. B. H., 5:1328

Richard, Major, 4:1258 Richards, Frank. 3:792 Richardson. Col. J. J.. 6:1975 Richthofen, Capt. Manfred Frhr. von (1892-1918). 2:540; 4:1003; 7:2124-31. 2173; 9:2659, 2702, 2818

3597

GENERAL INDEX Richthofen. Gen.. 1:126 Rickenbacker, Capt. E., 10:2968 Riddell. Lord. 10:3080; 11:3368 Rietz. Deneys. 10:2970-2 Riezler. 64. 1:100: 2:414 Riga. 3:949 f: 4:1198: 8:2456-60: 10:3186 f Riley. Cpl.. 3:911 Rimington. Brig.-Gen.. 5:1341 Rimini. 3:924 Rintelen. Capt. F. von, 4:1007 Rio Muni. 2:364 Ripon. Marquess of, 2:439 Ritter. Dr. Paul. 7:2016 River Clvde, 3:768-73, 772 Riviera, 6:1729 f, 1729; 7:2313, 2317: 11:3460 Rizzo. Cdr. Luigi. 10:3074 f Roberts. Brig.-Gen., 5:1330 f Roberts, Earl (1832-1914), 1:120:2:591 f; 3:912; 4:1181, 1279; 5:1462 f; 10:3154 Roberts VC. Lt. F. C, 6:1847 f Robertson, Sir William (1860-1933), 1:34; 3:833; 4:1035, 1185. 1192 f. 1212, i2i 7; 5:1366. 1464, 1497, 1589, 1629, 1648:6:1686, 1871-6, 1881, 1889, 1896, 1965; 7:2023-5, 2256, 2288; 8:2333, 2375; 9:2663, 2740; 10:3052 Robida. Albert. 2:592 di Robilant. Gen., 8:2375 f Robins, Col., 9:2940 Robinson, Brig.-Gen., 4:1142 Robinson, Mr., 2:362

FM

FM

Robinson VC, Lt. W. Leefe, 6:1741-9:7:2124,2181 Robson, Lt.-Col. L., 2:624 f Rodd, Sir James Rennell (1858-1941), 3:875 f, 880 f Rodin, Auguste, 3:874 Rodman, R.-Adm., 10:3059 Rodzianko, M. V. (1859-1924), 3:938, 942; 5:1470 f; 6:1938 f, 1948 Roe, A. v., 2:539 Roeckel, 2:540 Roemer. Capt. Beppo, 10:3188 Rogers, Will, 10:3213 Rohm, Capt. Ernst, 11:3516 f Rohr, Gen., 3:884; 5:1453 delaRoi, Capt., 4:1003

RoUand, Romain. 1:115; 9:2716 RoUs. Hon. C. S. (1877-1910), 2:539

RoUs, Cpl. S. C, 4:1063 Rolls-Royce armoured car, A:1062

Roma, Capt. B., 4:1275 Romagna, 3:874 Romanovsky, Gen., 9:2668 Rome, 7:2256; 8:2556; 10:3072, 3214 Rominte, Forest, 1:233

Rommel,

Lt.

Erwin

(1891-1944). 1:155; 3:980-4; 8:2382-4 Ronarch, Adm. Pierre (1865-1940), 2:385. 388 f, 396

Ronge, Col. 4:1091

Room

40, 2:637; 4:1095; 5:1379, 1407, 1414-16; 6:1731; 10:3062 Roosevelt, Capt. P., 10:2996

3598

Roosevelt, Franklin D., 11:3531 f Roosevelt, President Theodore (1858-1919), 1:19,34,38,315; 2:406; 3:700-2; 7:1994 f, 2003, 2010, 8:2550; 9:2905; 10:2997, 3102-6. 3207. 3212; 11:3366, 3401, 3506 Root, Elihu (1845-1937), 6:1961 f, 1994 f; 7:2004; 8:2493, 2525; 10:3102,3213; 11:3511 Roques, Gen. Pierre (1856-1920), 1:153; 2:652, 657; 6:1707. 1871, 1874, 1912 f Rosen, Baron von, 4:1275 Roskill, Capt. Stephen (b. 1903), 5:1414 Rosshaupter, 10:3162 Rosshire, 2:566 Rossignol, 1:152 f Rostel, Erica, 2:612 Rostov. 9:2669, 2673 Rosyth, 1:52, 181, 196; 5:1378; 10:3062 Roth, Gen., 2:493-8, 549-51; 5:1453 Rothermere, Viscount, 9:2741 Rothmaler, Gen. von, see ;

Einem Rotter, 5:1415 Rotterdam, 4:1204; 10:3196;

11:3456

Rouen, 1:84 Rovno, 3:956, 967 Rowe, Lt.-Col. R. H., 2:365; 4:1320 Rowlatt, Sir Sidney, 11:3302 Royal Air Force, 9:2738-41, see also Royal Flying Corps Royal Flying Corps, 1:72,

10:3242 Russell,

Samson, Cdr. C. R., 4:1002 Samsonov, Gen. Alexander

Edward, 6:1961

Russia, 1:10 ff, 21,91,97-9, 119; 2:413, 473, 506,566-9; 3:673, 938-44, 971-5; 4:1198 f; 5:1350-5, 1467-72; 6:1800, 1914-21, 1927-64; 8:2441-7, 2470-80, 2572-5, 2577-80; 9:2666-75, 2796-2804, 2889-95; 10:2978; 11:3422-31, 3436-42, 3495-3504, 3541 Rupel river, 2:378 Rustenburg, 2:351 Rutland, Flt.-Cmdr. F. J., 5:1384; 11:3450 Ruzsky. Gen. Nikolai V. (1854-1918). 1:245, 249; 2:455-63 passim, 546-7, 594 f, 602-7; 6:1936; 8:2449 Ryrie, Brig.-Gen., 10:3005

(1859-1914), 1:229-41,246; 2:461

Samuel, Sir Herbert (1870-1963), 8:2410; 11:3315,

3317

San

f

river, 1:249. 254, 307-11;

2:455, 491

f;

San Michele Monte, 4:1230-6; 6:1664 San Remo, 11:3315 Sand river, 2:351 Sanders, Cdr. W. E., 7:2093 Sanders VC. Capt. W. E. L., 7:2311 Sandes, E. W. C, 6:1780 Sanniya, 2:447 f Sanok, 3:932 Santos-Dumont, Alberto (1873-1932), 1:71

S49

(destroyer),

72306

Saar, 2:405; 11:3375, 3389-91 Sabac, 1:140 ff; 2:485 f Sabler, V. K., 3:939 Sacco and Vanzetti, 11:3405 Saconney, Capt., 2:540 Sadoul, Capt., 9:2941

Sadullah Bey, Col., 10:3056 Said Bey, Gen. Ali, 5:1548 Said Halim Pasha (1863-1921), 2:400,

469

St.

Chamond

St.

George's Channel. 2:337

St.

Gond. 1:279 Jean de Maurienne. 6:1905

St.

tank, 7-2119

Sapieha, Eustachy, 11:3423 Sarajevo, 1:3-8, 54, 108, 140; 2:484 Sarikamis, 2:500-2 Sarrail,

Gen. Maurice

(1856-1929), 1:152, 204, 278; 2:579; 3:652, 667, 984; 4:1026,

1059. 1105 f, 1115, 1117, 1127-9, 1245;5:1583-90, 1648-56; 6:1910-13; 7:2022, 2252, 2256-65; 10:2980 f

Sarrebourg, 1:146-9, 152, 278 Sassoon, Siegfried (1886-1967), 6:1841-3. 1851 f; 10:3240 Sauberzweig, Gen. von. 8:2626

St. Julien, 3:832-4

Saulnier,

de St.-Just, L. A. L. 5:1510 Ste. Marie, fort, 2:380

7:2170

Raymond,

St. Mihiel, 2:582; 3:667;

Sava

8:2630-2; 10:2949-57, 2961-8

4:1099-1104

St. Nazaire, 1:204

Savaii. 2:321

St.

Omer,

Royal Naval Air Service,

St.

Petersburg, 1:97

2:540; 5:1444, 1448, 1639,

1644; 6:1869; 7:2312-17 Royds, Capt., 6:1731 Roye, 1:300 Rozenshield-PauUn, Gen., 1:236 Ruanda-Urundi. 6:1760; 11:3336 Ruffey, Gen. Pierce (1851-19?), 1:152 f, 204, 278 Rufiji river, 2:360; 3:864-9;

1:302; 2:392

553

3:938.

Quentin, 1:204, 220-7, 261, 298; 8:2636; 9:2639 St.

Saconney-Delahaye balloon winch, 82603 Saionji,

Marquis Kimmochi.

6:1929 Salaita, 5:1376

Salamis, 5:1587-9

Sahnson 2A2, 92826 Salandra. Antonio (1853-1931). 3:874 f. 878. 880 f; 6:1660;

Rumbold, Sir Horace, 11:3482 Runciman, Walter, 5:1462;

Salmond. Maj.-Gen. W. G. H.

Rupprecht, FM Crown Prince of Bavaria (1869-1955), 1:86, 88, 148, 228. 278; 2:385-9, 394;

3:842, 848, 852; 4:1025. 1214.

258; 5:1632; 7:2029-37. 2065. 2069, 2289 f; 8:2419; 9:2861; '

11:3253 (1878-1933). 9:2661 Salonika. 1:54 f. 60; 2:484; 3:715. 721: 4:1059. 1074. 1088, 1099 f. 1104. 1122-4. 1126-9; 5:1583-90, 1645, 1648; 6:1928 f; 7:2256-65; 8:2554; 10:2980-7 Salter, Dr. A., 4:1284 f

1(^:3084

Salza, Gen., 1:249

Ru-nk, 1:174; 2:949-51, 950;

Sambre

7:2K Rushc Pasha. 3:707 RusseL 3ertrand (1872-1970),

Sami Bey,

'

4:1284

f;

'

1839-42; 7:2006-8;

river, 1:126 f. 158-62, 215, 267; 10:3092-3100

Col. Halil, 3:774 7:2281 Samoa, 2:321, 329, 336 f

SAML

1,

Savinkov. Gen., 11:3447 Savov, Gen. 1:60 Savoy, 3:875 Savy, Col. 5:1543 Sazonov, Sergei (1866-1927), 1:68, 96-9; 2:406; 3:876 f, 940 4:1072 f, 1075; 5:1472 Scapa Flow, 1:52, 181. 188. 196:2:370:5:1378, 1414;

f;

Scarborough, 2:622-5; 4:1095

1591-1600; 6:1715-27, 1928; 9:2689 f; 10:3029-37; 11:3359-62

6:1755

f;

10:3062; 11:3452-5

11:3288, 3291 Sakarya, 11:3355, 3488 f Sakharov. Gen. V. V. (1853-19?), 5:1478 f. 1574;

Rumania,

2:413, 506; 3:876 f, 880. 953; 4:1072-5, 1097 f; 5:1574-81,

f;

ff,

4:996;

Sauret, 1:204 river. 2:482, 485, 488

940 See also Petrograd

4:1002 Ruhleben, 1:104 1:10, 22, 54, 60;

di

(1852-1914), 3:874-7

294 f; 2:385, 539, 540, 543, 581, 622; 3:736, 855, 859; 4:1095; 5:1437. 1442-9 passim, 1498, 1500, 1537, 1637; 6:1790 f, 1891-9, 1974; 7:2124; 9.2738-41 1:77;

3:930-5

San Giuhano, Marquis

f

Scarpe, 7:2190-2201; 10:2949-57 Schabel, Maj.-Gen., 4:1246 Scharnhorst, 2:321, 336-8, 416, 510-18, 522-5, 528-35; 6:1770 Scheer, Adm. Reinhard (1863-1928), 1:183, 197; 2:637; 5:1377-9, 1382, 1395, 1398-1404, 1406 f, 1413-16, 1425-32, 1434, 1439, 1562. 1564; 6:1731-5; 7:2077, 2083, 2085, 2093. 2102-4. 2165; 8:2564; 10:3057-62.3113; 11:3450 f Scheffer-Boyadel. Gen. Reinhard Frhr von (1851-1925), 2:461-5 Scheidemann, Gen., 2:455. 461-3, 491-7 passi'm Scheidemann, Phihpp, 7:2040 f; 10:3084, 3116 f, 3123 f, 3132-6,

3172,3221 Scheindl, F., 4:1006

^.

J

Scheldt river, 2:367, 376, 379 f Schenck, Gen., 1:153; 4:1252 Scheuch, Lt.-Gen. Heinrich (1864-19?), 3:675 Scheuchenstuel, Gen. Count (1857-1938). 4:1099; 9:2834 Schiffer, 11:3472 f Schlageter, Lt. Albert, 10:3186 Schleicher, Major Kurt von, 10:3181 Schleswig-Holstein, 2:567; 11:3356 Schlieffen, Alfred Count von (1833-1913), 1:19, 30 f, 80 f,

FM

247

f, 312; 2:455, 583, 600 Schlieffen Plan, 1:80 f (map), 278 (map), 310; 2:329, 475 f; 4:1089; 6:1833 Schmettow, Gen. Count von, 6:1717, 1721:9:2784,2864

Schmidt, 2:416 Schmidt, V.-Adm. Ehrhardt, 3:951; 7:2104 Schmidt, Marguerite, 3:797 Schmidt von Knobelsdorf, Gen. (1866-1936), 4:1214, 1245 f, 1254 f, 1260; 5:1357, 1360 f, 1540, 1543 Schnee, Dr. Heinrich (1871-1949), 2:358 Schneider, Franz, 4:996

Schneider tank, 7:2118 Schneppenhorst, Ernst, 10:3166 Schoen, Baron von, 1:65 Scholtz, Gen. Friedrich von (1851-1927), 1:238; 2:461-5; 4:1291; 6:1939; 10:2982-6

Schonberg, Capt., 2:416, 518, 525, 535 Schoonaarde, 2:380 Schratt, Katharina, 6:1827 Schroder, Adm. L. von, 7:2077 Schubert, Gen. Richard von (1850-1933), 1:307

f

Schulenberg, Col. Count von der, 8:2616-26; 9:2787; 10:3130 Schultz, Cdr. Max, 2:416; 7:2301 Schiissler, Gen. Von., 7:2108 Schutz, Lt. Viktor, 5:1437, 1439; 7:2165 Schwab, Charles M. (1862-1939), 3:701; 4:1005 Schwerin, Count, 3:844 Scialoja, Vittorio, 11:3257,

3280 Scorluzzo, Mount, 3:897 Scott, C. P. (1846-1932), 1:109 f; 2:405; 6:1950 Scott, Gen. Hugh (1853-1934),

6:1824 Scott,

Adm.

Sir

Percy

(1853-1924), 1:176; 3:991;

7:2181 Scutari, 1:55, 59; 4:1238, 1241 Sea Power, 1:42-52, 174-83;

5:1380-1, 1425, 1463 Seattle, 11:3401

Sebastopol, 2:469; 5:5166 f Secret services, 4:1089-96, 1296; 6:1937, 1963. See also Intelhgence Sedan, 1:85, 165 Seddulbahir, 2:469; 3:721-4. 729-32, 768-73 Seeckt, Gen. Hans von (1866-1936), 3:930 f, 945, 957;

4:1102; 5:1488; 6:1719; 11:3469-73 Seeger, Alan (1888-1916),

6:1843 Seguin, 5:1442 Seidel, Fritz, 10:3168 Seidla, Dr. von, 6:1827 Seller, 5:1546 Seine river, 1:267, 272 ff Seitz, Capt., 4:1122 f; 10:3075 SeUvanov, Gen., 2:491, 497,

620 SeiUer, Cpl.-bugler, 10:3137

de Selliers de Moranville, Gen. A., 1:124, 135 Selons, F. C, 5:1374 Semandria, 4:1088 Sembat, Marcel. 1:281, 283 f; 6:1706

6:1939 Shute, Lt.-Gen., 10:3099 Shuttleworth, Col., 11:3479 Shuvalov, Gen., 2:463 Shuvayev, Gen. D. S. (1854-19?), 5:1472 Siam, 1:19 Siberia, 11:3498-3503 Sichler, Richard, 5:1623 f Sidi Barrani, 4:1065 Sidonio, President, 4:1275

Semenov, Ataman Grigori (1890-1946); 9:2942; 11:3500

11:3271,3315,5520, 3335

Major W.. 4:1000

D IV. 11:3294 Sierra Leone. 2:362 Sievers, Gen., 2:455, 600, 603

SenUs, 1:206, 266, 283 Senussi, 4:1061-3, 1064-8; 5:1550-5 September Programme, 2:414 Serbia, 1:3, 10 ff, 22, 54, 60, 91, 139-44; 2:482-9, 506; 3:839. 877, 953; 4:1097-1121; 5:1583; 6:1825; 11:3276 f Sere de Rivieres, Gen. R.,

4:1246 Sergei Michailovich, Gen. the

W.

(1881-1943),

11:3340 Sikorsky, Igor (b. 1889), 6:1748 Sikorsky Ilya Mouromets, %:1746 Silesia, 1:85, 307, 311; 2:455 f; 10:3188, 3229; 11:3358 Simon, 11:3335

5:1472

Simon, Sir John (1873-1954), 1:109; 4:1280 f

Serot, Capt., 5:1537

Simonyi-Semadam. 11:3275

(1869-1918),

Serres, 1:60

Sims, R.-Adm., William

Serret, Gen., 3:662; 6:1701

(1858-1936), 7:2004, 2091;

Service de la Propagande Aerienne, 6:1793 f Seton-Watson, R. W., 7:2155-9; 11:3276 Seydl, Bishop, 6:1826

8:2536

Seydlitz. 1:197; 2:525, 536, 622-4, 626-33, 637; 3:951; 5:1377 f, 1393, 1395, 1401-4,

lAOQ 1,1417-20,1418 Seymour, %-2538 Seymour, Adm., 1:196 Seymour, Cdr. Ralph F, (1886-1922), 2:632-3 Sforza, Count Carlo (1873-1952), 11:3257, 3280,

3479 Shabin-Karahisar, 5:1326 Shaiba, 2:783-8; 4:1143 Shakhorskoy. Prince, 2:569 Shanghai, 2:506

Shantung, 2:321, 331. 506; 3:976-8; 11:3285-91

Shatt al Arab. 2:439, 442 ff; 4:1149 Shaw. Dr. Anna H.. 11:3419 Shaw. G. B.. 7:2214. 2216; 9:2860, 2888; 10:3149 Shcheglovitov, I. G. (1861-1918), 3:939 Shcherbachev, Gen.. 2:498; 5:1478, 1574:6:1720 Shcherbatov, Prince (1868-19?). 3:942 Sheerness. 2:640 f Sheikh Othman, 5:1548 f Sheikh Saad, 5:1328-30; 6:1884 Shepphard, Maj.-Gen., 5:1376 Sherman, Lawrence, 11:3394 Shevket Pasha, Gen. Mahmud (1855-1913), 2:398:6:1908, 1982-4

f,

607 Sikorski, Gen.

11:3480 Smith, G.. 5:1644 Smith-Barry, R. R., 7:2188 Smith-Dorrien, Gen. Sir

2:385, 388, 392-4; trench. 3:734 f, 740-3, 827-33, 837; 4:1216; 5:1374 f Smuts, Gen. Jan (1870-1950), 2:348-53; 3:867; 5:1376; 6:1757-63; 7:2164, 2181, 2289, 2318-23; 8:2559, 2575; 9:2740 f, 2802; 10:3052, 3209, 3229;

Siemens-Schuckert f

GENERAL INDEX

Horace (1858-1930), 1:164, 169, 210 f, 220-22, 261, 269, 302-5;

Sidorin, Gen., 2:455, 463 Siedice, 2:465, 547 Siegert,

f

Grand Duke

Shinwell, Emanuel, 7:2206 Short, 827, A:1144 Short Folder seaplane, 2:545 Shoubridge, Maj.-Gen., 7:2153 Shulgin, V. V. (1878-19?),

Sinai, 2:400; 3:707-11; 6:1854-9 Sinclair-MacLagen, E. G., 2:338 Singapore, 3:824 f Singh, Col. Rajhbir, 5:1373 Sinn Fein, 4:1297-1304; 7:2212;

f,

3368, 3373, 3456, 3465 Smyrna, 2:344, 469; 3:766, 922; 4:1070, 10.74; 5:1324, 1645; 7:2249; 10:3056; 11:3256. 3353, 3479. 3484, 3486-9 Smyth, Maj.-Gen., 7:2153 Sneevliet, Heridrik (Maring), 11:3308 Sneyd. Cdr. F.. 9:2728, 2735 Snijders, Lt.-Gen. C. J.. 2:367 Snow, Lt.-Col. C. L., 4:1065 f Snow, Lt.-Gen. Sir Thomas (1858-1940), 3:830 f; 5:1514; 7:2064, 2191 Snowden, PhiUip, (1864-1937), 4:1284; 7:2205-8; 8:2573; 9:2774 Soares, A., 4:1275 Socec, Gen., 6:i722 Social Democrats, Austrian,

MP

1:105-7 Social Democrats,

German,

1:100, 106, 114; 2:413,

573

f;

3:839; 4:1199; 5:1627; 6:1800; 7:2040; 10:3116-25

Social Democrats, Pohsh,

11:3520-7

1:106; 2:473

Sipah Salar, 6:1906. 1908 Sirelius. Gen.. 4:1288 Sinus, 9:2724. 2729. 2737

Socialist Revolutionaries,

SitweU, Brig.-Gen. W. H., 4:1140 Sivertz, Gus. 7:2076 Sixt von Armin. Gen. F. (1851-1936). 1:127:5:1537. 1602. 1618; 7:2293 Sixte de Bourbon-Parma, Prince, 6:1827, 1900-5, 7:2040 Skagerrak, 6:1770, 1775 f; 7:2083; 8:2567 Skeen, Major O. St. J., 3:708 Skierniewice, 2:462 f Skopje, 1:55; 4:1106; 5:1656; 10:2982, 2985-7 Skoropadsky, 9:2800 Skuludis, S. (1836-1928), 4:1104 Slava, 3:949; 7:2102-4 SUm, Lt.W., 4:1056 f Slivnitza, 4:1103 Slocum, Col. H., 6:1821 Slovakia, 2:474; 10:3088 Slussarenko, Gen., 2:463 Smart, Capt. B. A., 11:3465 Smekal, Maj.-Gen., 2:498 Smirnov, Gen., 4:1288 Smith, Adam, 9:2712 Smith, Lt. Eric Dorman, 3:928 Smith, Sir F. E. (1872-1930), 6:1752; 7:2213-6; 8:2556, 2561;

Socotra, 2:439 Sodenstern, Col. von, 3:732 Sofia, 10:2987 Soissons. 1:204, 286 f; 3:945 Soldau. 1:230, 237 ff

;

Russian, 6:1940-7 Socialists, French, 1:116

Solf,Wilhelm (1862-1936), 10:3082,3125.3133

2:413;

SoUum, 4:1061-8:5:1553 Soloman Is.. 2:321, 329. 336

f

Solvay. Ernest (1838-1922). 6:1877 Somerville, Cdr.. 3:916 Somme river, 1:283, 298-301; 2:583; 4:1021; 5:149&1516, 1528-37. 1544. 1602-19, 1628-37, 1644:6:1686-95; 7:2038 f, 2172:9:2638-55 Sommerfeld, FeHx. 6:1824 Sonnino, Baron Sidney (1847-1921), 3:875-81:6:1800, /" 1905; 11:3253-6, 3277. 527.9 Sopf. 1:254 Sophia. Queen of Greece. 7:2252 Sopwith 1 2 Strutter, 6:1794 Sopwith Fl Camel. 9.2740 Sopwith Tabloid. V262 Sopwith Triplane. 1-2127 Sordet. Gen. Jean (1852-1929), 1:126-7. 158, 162 '

3599

GENERAL L\DEX

Stere, Constantine, 10:3029,

Suez Canal, 2:400, 432, 439,

3032

469; 3:706-11; 4:1143; 6:1854-7;

7:1994 f; 10:3102 11:3373

8:2547

Tagliamento

Suffragettes, 4:1120; 5:1623; 9:2884-8; 11:3400, 3417-20 Suffren, 2:469; 3:724 Sukhanov, N. N., 6:1943-5 Sukhomlinov, Gen. V. (1848-1926), 1:21; 3:938 f; 4:1211; 5:1469 f;6:i957 Sumner, Lord, 11:3474 Sunday, Billy, 9:2905; 11:3404 Sung Chiao-j en, 4:1039 Sun Yat-sen, Dr. (1866-1925). 2:316; 4:1036-9; 11:3286 Sunyani, 2:363 SupUo, Frano, 1:106; 11:3276 Supreme War Council, 8:2545

Taif, 5:1524; 8:2393

Stern. Lt. Albert. 5:1640 5orley. Charles. 6:1837

Stettin, 1:188 f,i88

Souchon. Adrn. Wilhelm

Steuben, Gen.

Kuno

f

von,

1864-1933). 2:342-7. 469;

1:153; 10:2982-5

):1566: 6:1786

Stevenson, Miss Frances,

4:1256

Souillv.

souter, Lt.-Col.. 4:1068 South Africa. 1:112; 2:348-53;

10:2978

Southend. 2:642. 646-8

Southampton. 2:624. 626 333:5:1394 f. 1406

f.

Souville. Fort. 4:1246; 5:1360

f.

10:3226-9 Stewart, Brig.-Gen. J. M., 2:359; 5:1372. 1375 Steyn. Martinus (1857-1916). 2:349 Stinnes. Hugo (1870-1924), 2:413; 9:2804; 10:3027 f Stirling. Capt. A. J. B., 5:1406,

1541. 1544:6:1680 3o\iet (council) (Petrograd). 5:1834. 1939-47. 1949. 1953-6,

1408 Stoddard, V.-Adm. Archibald (1860-1939), 2:520, 524. 535 f;

1958: 9:2889

3:872 Stoikov. Col., 4:1083 Stoker, Lt.-Cdr. H. D. G., 3:914-18 Stolypin, Peter (1863-1911), 3:877; 6:1920 f Stolzenberg, Count, 9:2800,

f

6:1742-9 Spa. 10:3084. 3128-31. 3135.

SowTev. Lt.

F..

3195

Spad VII. 8:1866 Spad XIII. 7-2230 Spain. 1:19; 2:366; 4:1201, 1206: 10:2976 f Spalato (SpUt), 3:885, 922; 4:1075 Spartacus League, 5:1627; 7:2040; 10:3027. 3123. 3162

2803 Stolzmann, 5:1479 Stopford, Gen. Sir Frederick f.

3169^0 Spears. Hon. Brig.-Gen.

Edward

(b. 1886). 1:159, 162, 204-6, 215, 298 f; 4:1094 f;

Strachey, Lytton, 6:1842

6:1876:7:2022,2025,2139 Spee, V.-Adm. Graf von

Straits,

(1861-1914), 1:185; 2:321, 336-40, 416. 510, 512, 520-36.

637; 3:870 Sperrle, Capt.

Hugo. 9:2793

Spicer-Simson, Lt.-Cdr. G., 6:1765-8 Spiegel, Cdr. Frhr. von, 7:2092 f, 2310 Spindler, Capt., 7:2213 Spratt, Lt. Norman, 1:264 Spring-Rice, Sir Cecil (1859-1918), 3:703-4; 4:1005 Srobar, Varro. 10:3088 SSZ control car, 7-2315 Staabs, Gen., 6:1717-22 Stabbert, Lt. Franz, 5:1434,

1438

Stein,

Streit, Dr.,

Gen. Hermann von

1140

f,

SVA

5,

1193

7:2249

Stiirgkh, Karl, Count von (1869-1916), 1: 62; 6:1677-9,

1825 Sturmer, Boris V. (1848-1917), 3:942, 944; 5:1471 Suarez, Pino, 6:1814 Subhi Bey, Col., 3:781

Submarines 1:187

f;

2:370-3,

466, 469, 636 f; 3:677-87, 700 f, 914-19, 922-5, 947-51; 4:1090, 1204, 1206; 5:1377-9, 1417,

9:2890,

f;

5:1518,

Sudekum, Albert. 10:3027 Sudet, Ernest, 7:2137 mdre. M. F., 6:1870 Sueter,

3:732; 5:1325-7, 1521; 6:1786; 9:2689; 10:3056 Talal, 10:3005

Talbot, Lt.-Cdr., C. P., 1:187 de Talleyrand, Charles, 11:3365 Tamines, 1:128

Tanev, Col., 4:1083 Tanga, 2:358-60, 365; 5:1372 6:1757 Tanganyika, Lake, 6:1760, 1764-8 Tankosic, Major Vojislav,

f;

1:3,

5:1631-7, 1638-44; 6:1691-5; 7:2108 f,2ii5-2i, 2146-55; 8-2414-40; 9:2813 f; 10:2945; f

Tappen, Lt.-Gen. Gerhard

Swakopmund,

2:351-3

Sweden, 2:368; 3:673, 948; 4:1201, 1204 f; 8:2340 f; 10:2976 Swediya, 5:1327 Swiftsure, 2:469; 3:724 f, 922 Swinton, Maj.-Gen. Sir Ernest (1868-1951), 2:581; 3:759 f; 4:1185; 5:1638-44; 6:1790;

8:2420 Switzerland, 1:81, 158, 295; 2:366; 4:1201, 1206; 10:2975 Sydenham, Lord, Sir G. Clarke (1848-1933), 1:82; 3:713; 4:1282 Sydney, 2:337

Sydney, 2:336-40, 418, 420,

f,

8

Tanks, 2:587; 3:760; 4:1185;

11:3348

1523;8:2405-10;

Sylvester-Williams, Henry, 11:3331 Synchronising gear, 4:998 Syria, 2:400 f, 439; 3:706; 5:1324, 1326; 11:3296-9,

3311-19 Syrmia, 2:482 Syrovy, Jan, 9:2678, 2682 Szabo, N., 11:3275 Szamuely, Tibor, 11:3270, 3273 Szapary, Count, 1:99 Szechuan, 4:1037 Szent Istvan, 10:3073-5 Szogyeny-Marisch, Count von (1841-1916)1:62, 64 f Szombathelyi, Gen. Bela, 11:3272 Szurmay, Gen.,2:595; 5:1480

1425, 1559-64; 6:1731-5, '800-11; 7:2015-19, 2077-99-,

'2529-36 Sbdan, 2:413; 3:707 15e3

-i

Tanner, Lt. E. B., 4:1061 Tanner, Lt.-Col. W. E., 5:1613 Tappen, Dr. von. 2:609

f;

10:3010, 3056; 11:3297 Sykes, Sir Percy (1867-1945), 5:1547; 6:1908; 9:2768; 11:3311

Sturdza, Col., 6:1929

f

2899 Svinhufvud, Pehr, 9:2800;

5:1518

536

8:2373

Tannenberg, 1:234, 239-45, 254:4:1003, 1095, 1102

(1878-1929), 3:840; 7:2042; 8:2611; 11:3413,3469-73

(1859-1925), 2:370-2, 520-33,

river,

Talbot armoured car. 2:382 Taiaat Pasha, Mehmet (1872-1921), 2:398 ff, 425;

11:3406

7-2230 Svatikov, 7:2144 Sverdlov, 8:2470

Stresemann, Gustav

Strumica, 4:1128 Stuart- Wortley, Major R., 7:2226 f Stumpf, Richard, 11:3449 Sturdee, Adm. Sir Frederick f,

Sutton, Lt.-Col. F. G. H., 3:709 Suvla Bay, 4:1049-59, 1132-6,

424; 3:708; 4:1044 Sykes, Sir Mark (1879-1919),

9:2851

7:2086-91 Stepanovic, Stepa, 1:142-4; 2:486-8; 4:1100, 1114 f, 1118

3600

1:38;

2:641; 4:989-91, 993; 5:1434, 1437 f; 6:1741-3; 7:2165, 2325;

(1854-1927), 1:226-8; 5:1528, 1533; 7:2043 Steinberg, 9:2890 Steinbrinck, Cdr. Otto,

FM

Black Sea,

4:1074; 6:1787 Stralsund, 1:188; 2:626 Strange, Lt.-Col. L. A., 2:539; 5:1444; 7:2186 Strantz, Gen. Hermann von, 1:152

Strasbourg, 1:146, 283 Strassburg, 188, 190 Strasser, Capt. Peter (k. 1918),

f

'Stab in the back' myth, 11:3412 f Stalin, J. V. (1879-1953), 4:1095; 7:2159; 8:2464, 2470 2485 f; 10:2982; 11:3429 Stalluponen. 1:233 ff, 249 Stambuliski, Alexander, 11:3361 f Stambulov, Stefan, 4:1098 Stamfordham, Lord, 4:1217 Stanislav, 2:620 Starck, 11:3383 Steed, Wickham, 11:3276 Steeg, Theodore, 9:2717 Stefanik, Gen., 10:3088 Stefanik, Milan, 7:2156; 11:3262. 3265

(1854-1929), 4:1050, 1052, 1056-9. 1140 Storrs, Sir Ronald (1881-1955), 5:1518, 1522; 8:2393 f Stotzingen, Major von, 5:1524

Surin, Lt.-Col., 8:2476 Sussex, 5:1378, 1564; 6:1730, 1799, 1824; 7:1993-5, 2015

3213, 3236;

f,

Tabora, 2:360; 6:1757, 1760 Tabouis, Gen., 9:2939 Tabriz, 3:729; 4:1154 f TafUa, 10:3011,3016 Taft, William Howard.

(1866-19?), 1:226-8; 2:609; 4:1245; 5:1533 Taranto, 2:342; 3:885, 922 Tardieu, Andre, 11:3256

f

f f

Tarnopol, 1:249; 8:2453 Tarnow, 3:930 f Taslauanu, O. C, 2:614 f Tasman Sea, 2:338 f Tatarinov. Col.. 6:1715 Tatiana, Grand Duchess, 3:973 f

Tavannes tunnel, 6:1681 Tawney, R. H., 6:1843 Taylor, Alan J. P. (b. 1906), 2:406, 484; 6:1827; 9:2774

Taylor, Dr. Alonzo, 10:3194 Taylor, Maj.G.H., 6:1846 f TbiUsi, 2:500 Tegetthoff, 10:3073-5

du Teil, Col.. 9:2923 Temesvar, 4:1104 Tempest, Lt. W. J., 6:1744-9 Tennant. Col. J. E., 9:2758 f Tennyson-d'Eyncourt, Sir Eustace (1868-1951), 1:175; 3:760; 5:1639

f

Tereshchenko, M. (1888-1958), 6:1947, 1958, 1962; 8:2441 f Terror, 9:2729 f TerscheUing. 2:372 Tersztyansky. Gen. (1854-1921). 1:142-4; 2:595 4:1488; 8:2452 f Tertre, 1:171 f Tervaete. 2:388 Teschen, 2:491; 5:1456 Thackeray, Lt.-Col. E. F.,

f;

5:1613 f Theodosia, 2:400; 5:1566 Thetis, 9:2724. 2728, 2735 Thiaumont, 5:1540, 1544; 6:1680 f Thiepval. 5:1514 f, 1630, 1632; 6:1686 f, 1692 Thiereken. Capt., 2:416 Thierfelder. Lt., 1:184; 3:871 f Thierichens, 2:471 Thionville, 1:85

Thomas, Albert (1878-1932), 4:1022:6:1958, 1962; 7:2197 Thomas, Edward, 6:1837 f Thomas-Morse S-4C, 10.2994 Thomason, Capt. John W., 9:2816 f Thompson, William, 6:1962 Thomsen,

Lt.-Col.

Hermann,

7:2173; 9:2659 Thomson, Basil (1861-1939),

7:2213 2216

Thomson, Col. C. B., 5:1592 Thorn, 1:229 f, 255, 312; 2:455 Thrace, 1:55; 4:1082 f; 11:3359,

Tralee, 7:2213

Transjordan, 11:3319 Transloy. 6:1686, 1690 f Transvaal, 1:15; 2:348 f, 508 Transylvania, 1:22; 2:406; 3:953; 4:1072; 5:1576, 1591 Trapp, Lt. G. von, 3:922 Traugott von Jagow, 11:3472 f Treasury Agreemept 1915, 3:672 ^ Treaties and Conventions Anglo-Japanese Treaty, 1:18; 3:746

Anglo-Russian Convention 1907, 5:1546

3480, 3484 Thuin, 1:162

Austro-German Alliance

Thun, Prince, 7:2156

1879, 1:10

Thunderer, 1:176; 5:1407, 1420 Thursby, Adm. Sir Cecil

Balkan League,

(1861-1936), 3:771, 924 Thursday Island, 2:337 Thyssen, August (1842-1926), 2:413; 9:2800-4

Tibertius, Dr., 2:574; 5:1623 Tientsin, 2:321

Tierra del Fuego, 3:872 Tiflis,

f;

2:626-33;

5:1384 f, 1393 f, 1431 Tighe, Brig.-Gen., 2:360; 5:1372, 1374 f Tigris river, 2:439, 506; 4:1145-52, 1176 f; 6:1883-9,

1965, 1978

f

Tilak, 11:3307 Tilsit,

2:612

f

Timm, 10:3162 Tirana, 5:1589 Tirpitz, Lt. von, 1:192

Gross Adm. Alfred von (1849-1930), 1:42, 44, 46-8, 52, 64, 121, 197, 226; 2:414,

3:680, 688, 799, 922; 5:1562; 6:1805 f; 11:3469, 3514 Tisza, Istvan, Count f;

(1861-1918), 1:62, 64, 105, 107; 4:1071, 1677; 6:1719, 1827; 10:3036, 3084, 3090; 11:3269 Tittoni, T. (1855-1931),

11:3256 f, 3280 Tobruk, 4:1063-5 Todorov, Gen., 1:55; 4:1083, 1104; 10:2985 Togo, Adm. (1847-1934), 2:314 Togoland, 2:361-5; 4:1316; 11:3333-5 ToUen, Gen., 2:380 ToUer, Ernst., 10:3162, 3165-8 Tombeur, Maj.-Gen., 6:1757,

1760 Tondern, 5:1377 f, 1434 Tonnelat, Lt., 6:1793 Torpedo, 8-2539 Toscheff, Lt.-Gen., 5:1598 Toshev, Gen., 4:1083, 6:1718 Toul, 1:85, 146, 272 Toulon, 1:15; 2:342 Tourn6s, Cmdt., 7:2108 Tovey, Cdr. J. C. (1885-19?), 5:1398 Townshend, Maj.-Gen. Sir Charles (1861-1924), 2:450-1, 4:1145, 1147-52, 1167-80; 5:1328, 1331, 1334, 1340-7; 6:1780, 1787; 10:3056 Townsville, 2:337

Toynbee, Prof. Arnold 1889), 5:1325

Brest-Litovsk, 8:2495; 9:2686-91, 2796-2804 Bucharest, Treaty of, 1:60; 4:1082; 10:3030-6 Constantinople, Treaty of,

Dreikaiserbund 1873, 1:10, 12,21 Entente Cordiale, 1:19, 38, 42 French-Russian Treaty, 1:15, 19,42 Geneva Conventions, 3:828 Greek-Serbian Treaty of Alliance, 4:1126 Hague Conventions, 1:43; 2:342, 610

(b.

Trieste, 1:3; 2:874, 876, 885,

892-7; 4:1002; 6:1669, 1748;

10:3074 Trinidada, 3:870 f Tripoli, see Libya Tritton, William, 5:1640; 8:2440 Triumph, 2:322, 324; 3:724, 907, 922; 4:1124 Troeltsch, Ernst, 10:3113 Trois-Vierges, 1:124 Trollmann, Gen., 4:1099

Tronee de Charmes, 1:81 f, 146, 278 Trotha, Gen. von. 2:358 Trotha, V.-Adm. Adolf von (1868-1940), 10:3114 Trotsky, L. D. (1879-1940), 6:1939, 1963 f; 7:2159, 2207;

3:688, 691

Portsmouth, Treaty of, 2:315 Reinsurance Treaty 1887,

551 Tsushima,

1:12

Tuan

1:59;

2:399

London, Declaration of, 1909, 3:688 f, 703 f London, Pact of, 1915, 2:406; 3:877, 880 f,; 6:1800; 11:3253

Madrid Convention,

1:37

Paris, Declaration of, 1856,

San Stefano, Treaty 1:10;

1878,

of,

4:1079

Sevres, Treaty, 11:3355, 3479 Shimonoseki, Peace of, 2:314 Triple Alliance, 1881, 1:10,

880 Versailles, Treaty

11:3505-11 Trebizond, 2:432; 4:1262, 1308-13; 5:1566 f Trefftz, Lt., 3:812-14 Trelawney, Lt.-Cdr., 5:1408

Trench communications, 7:2045-8 Trench warfare, 2:480, 576-87, 614 f; 3:753-60, 858; 4:1181-5; 5:1491 f, 1499, 1513 f; f, 1969 Trenchard, Air Marshall

6:1844-52, 1930

Hugh

1:3;

5:1590; 6:1905

4:1004-9, 1201. 1206-8; 6:1814-24; 7:1993-2020; 8:2341, 2525, 2572;9:2903-11; 10:2974 f. 2978. 3102-6. 3147.

3235

f; 11:3393-3405. 3417-20. 3505-11,3528-32. 3538 f Unterleiter. Hans. 10:3163 Upington, 2:351

Upolu Island. 2:321 Upper Silesia. 10:3188. 3229; 11:3358 d'Urbal. Gen. Victor (1858-1943). 2:387 f. 394; 3:666. 847 f, 851-3; 4:1024 f. 1031 Uritsky. M. S. (1873-1918). 8:2470 f Usborne, Cdr. N. F., 7:2316

Tukhachevsky, M. N., 8:2488; 11:3429, 3440 Tulip, 7:2086, 2310

Usedom. Adm. Guido von

E.

(1854-1925). 3:729 f Uzice. 2:485 f. 489 Uzsok Pass. 2:498

f

10:2998-3000

Washington Conference,

Ulmanis, KarUs, 10:3185 Ulster Volunteers, 4:1294 f, 2212 f; 5:3520-7 Ungern-Sternberg, Baron R. von. 11:3503 f Union and Progress Committee. 1:54; 2:398 ff;

Union Sacree, 2:566; 4:41197; 6:1707, 1712 United States of America, 1:18 f; 2:368. 504 f; 3:700-4;

Tumulty, Joseph, 8:2549;

of,

f

3495

Hand),

f;

Tumanov, Gen. Prince N.

U9, 2:373, 466 U139, 8-2539 UB 14, 4:1123 UB 80, 8-2539 Ubangi-Shari, 2:362 UC26, 6:1810 Uchida, Viscount Yasuya, 11:3288 Udet, Lt. Ernst (1896-1941), 7:2217 f Udine, 3:892; 8:2370 Uganda, 1:15; 2:356 ff Ukraine, 2:413 f, 587; 5:1471; 8:2578 f; 9:2673, 2682 f, 2688, 2797-2800; 11:3422-31 passim,

1907, see also Young Turks Union or Death (The Black

11:3288

(1844-19?), 2:497

15, 19; 3:874,

11:3365

8:2526

U

3:729; 4:1313; 5:1521; 6:1786,

1:21; 2:314

Chi-jui,

GENERAL INDEX

Ulbricht, Walter, 10:3176

8:2445-50 f, 2470-80 f, 2545 f; 9:2666, 2688 f, 2891 f, 2939-44; 11:3424, 3440 Troubridge, V.-Adm. Sir

Ernest (1862-1926), 2:341-7; 4:1086-8 Trubetzkoy, Prince, 4:1118 Trudoviks, 2:566 Trukhin, Gen., 4:1155 Trumbic, Ante, 1:106; 11:3255-7, 3276-80 Ts'ao Ju-lin, 11:3286 Tschirschky und Bogendorff, H. von, 1:62, 67 Tschurtschenthaler, Gen., 2:497 f Tseretelli, I. G. (1881-1959), 6:1947 Tsimo, 2:322 f, 331 Tsingtao, 2:318-33, 336, 338, 506, 510; 3:976 f Tsumeb, 2:353 Tsurikov, Gen., 2:498, 547,

London Conference,

Tirpitz,

636

Berlin, Congress, 1:10, 54 Bjorko Treaty 1905, 1:19

1:60

4:1155

Tiger, 1:174, 199

1:55, 59;

2:339; 4:1074; 5:1645

Trevelyan, C. P., MP, 7:2206 f; 9:2858-60 Trevino, Gen. Jacinto, 6:1821 Tricornot de Rose, Cdmt. (k. 1916), 4:1001; 5:1448

T'ung Meng Hui, 4:1036, 1039 Tunisia, 1:10 TunnelUng, 4:1219-23; 5:1500 Turkey, 1:10; 2:398-401, 425-34, 500, 506; 4:1102; 5:1322-7; 6:1786-8; 10:3050-6, 3144, 3201; 11:3352-5, 3479-89 Turner, Capt. 3:695, 699

Turner, Major, 6:1857 Turner, Gen., 10:3224 Turret flash, 5:1427

Twenty-One Demands,

Vahib Bey, 5:1521 Vaillant. E. M. 1:281 Vailly, 1:286-9

Vaitoianu, Gen.. 6:1718 Valcartier. 3:821 Valabr^gue, Gen., 1:127. 220.

287 Valeanu. Gen.. 6:1718 Vale. P.O.. 3:781 Valentin. Gen.. 6:1793

the,

(1873-1956), 1:72; 5:1442; 6:1868; 7:2124, 2126, 2131, 2188;9:2738-41, 2851-6; 11:3481 Trentino, 1:9; 3:874, 876, 884,

3:976-9:4:1040 Tyne, 2:641

Valentini. R. von. 7:2038, 2040 Valera. Eamon de (b. 1882),

Tyrol, 3:876, 884, 894 Tyrwhitt, R.-Adm. Sir Reginald (1870-1951). 1:188-90;

889-92; 5:1453-60; 6:1665;

2:370 f, 622. 627, 632; 5: 1377 6:1730-3; 7:2301, 2304; 9:2722

4:1300:7:2209; 11:3393 Valjevo, 2:485-9 des Vallidres. Gen., 3:650: 9:2785 Valona. 3:876. 922 f; 4:1074,

7:2274

f;

3601

INDEX

',ENE114L

Vittorio Emanuele III, King of Italy (1869-1947), 3:874 f, 877, 880 f. 884; 8:2375 Vittorio Veneto, 10:3064-71 Viviano. Rene (1863-1925),4:65, 98. 114 f. 283; 4:1035; 6:1706 f Vladivostok. 2:673; 5:1470; 9:2683; 11:3445 f Voevod. A. Voida, 10:3036;

L122. 1241 v'^alparaiso.

2:521

f

4:1155:5:1326:9:2766 ^an Deventer. Lt.-Gen. Jacob 1874-1922). 5:1374: 6:1757 f; ^'an.

J:2320f; 10:3108-11

Vollenhoven. 6:1877 f /anselow. Capt.. 10:3193 /ardaman. James. 10:3103 /ardar. 1:60:4:1128 /arna. 4:1082 k'arnev. Gen.. 4:1083 /arnev. Cmdt.. 2:389 /asUev. Col.. 4:1083 /assiliev. Gen.. 2:463 ff ^-'aux. Fort. 4:1246. 1259. 1266; ):1361. 1541-3:6:1680-2 /ehip Pasha. Gen., 4:1308 /eith. Col.. 2:619 f k'an

Venezuela. 1:19 /enice. 3:881. 885. 922-5; 1:1002 /enizel. 1:287

Eleutherios 1864-1936). 1:60; 2:399; 3:766; 1:1070-4. 1099, 1124. 1126 f; ):1584-90. 1645; 7:2248-53; 10:2981. 3051. 3056; 11:3256 f, k''enizelos,

J361.

3484

1628

f;

6:1680-2, 1704

f,

L736f, 1911-3; 7:2038 f, 2172; 1:2345 ie Verget, Cmdt., 4:1001 /erona. 3:894 f Versailles, 1:24; 11:3365-70 /esle river, 1:293 /esnic, Milenko, 11:3279 f

/esovic, Gen. Radomir, 4:1241 dickers FB 5, 5:1446 Victoria,

n

f,

Queen-Empress,

1:19,

25, 29; 9:2884

Vicuna, Capt., 7:2271 Vienna, 10:3084, 3143; 11:3258 f

Vietnamese, 5:1555 Vigo,

Bonnaventure

Almeseyda), 9:2717 ViUa, Francisco 'Pancho' 1877-1923), 6:1814-21; 7:1993, 2010; 10:2969 ^iUain, Raoul, 1:114

f

Lt.-Col.,

Waencker, Gen., 2:464 Wagner, Pastor, 1:282 Wahle, Maj .-Gen., 2:359; 6:1760; 7:2320; 10:3108, 3112

Wain Wright,

Lt. A. E., 6:1768

Waldeck, Capt. Meyer, 2:321 Waldersee, Gen. von, 1:62, 64, 237 Waldersee, FM Alfred Count von (1832-1904), 2:475 Waldstatten, Maj. -Gen., 9:2834 Walem, fort, 2:376, 378 Wales, Prince of. King Edward VIII (1894-1972), 1:111; 2:553 Walfisch Bay, 2:357 Walker, Gen., 3:906; 4:1051, 1053 Wallace, Maj .-Gen. A., 4:1065-8 WaUing, WiUiam. 11:3332 Walter, Bruno, 11:3164 Waltz, J. J., 6:1793 Walwyn, Capt. H. T., 7:2095 Wang, C. T., 11:3283 (1859-1915), 2:347, 398, 400;

Vistula river, 1:85, 229, 231, 237 ff, 249, 254, 307-12; 2-455-61,498; 3:931-3, 961 f Vitry-le-Franpois, 1:204, 226,

284

3602

1:229. 231, 249 254, 308-11:2:455, 640; 3:945, 957-67, 971; 4:1103; 6:1834; 11:3429-31, 3438 Warta river, 2:455-9 Washington Conference, 11:3505-11 Wassmuss, 4:1155; 5:1546

5:1327

Wapshare, Maj. -Gen. 5:1372, 1374

R.,

War

aims, 2:405-14; 3:839-44, 874-81; 5:1589; 11:3550

War War

Guilt, 11:3368

f,

3474-6

Plans, 1:80-8; 2:475-80, 560-4; 3:650-5

Warburg, Otto, 8:2410 Ward, Col. L. E. S., 2:359 Wardlaw, Lt. Mark, 3:687 Wardle, Capt. T. E., 6:1776 Warm. WiUiam, 4:1008 Warneford, VC, Lt. R. A. J., 4:986

f,

1001, 1210-15; 6:1871-6

Warrender, V.-Adm. Sir George (1860-1917), 2:622-4; 5:1416

Whitby, 2:622-5 White, Col., 4:1134 White, Major Cyril, 2:338 White, Henry, 10:3213 White, Jack, 4:1294 White, Maj.-Gen., 7:2146 Whittlesey, Major Charles, 10:3045 f Wiesbaden, 5:1398-1404, 1425 Wiesner, Frhr. von, 1:7 f Wild von Hohenborn, Gen. Adolf (1860-1925), 2:600; 3:966 Wilhelm, Crown Prince

Watanabe, Maj. -Gen., 2:322

Water cart, 6:1856 Watson, Brig.-Gen., 3:710 Watson, Gen., 11:3315 Watson, Major, 7:2146 f Watson, Maj.-Gen. D., 7:2072 Watter, Gen. von der, 8:2420 Watterson, Henry (1840-1921),

(1882-1951). 1:87, 88, 104, 152, 154, 279; 2:316, 475; 4:1214, 1245 f, 1260; 5:1357-61;

10:2951, 3022, 3027

Wilhelm

3:700

I, 1st Kaiser (1797-1888), 1:9 f, 13, 247

Wauchope, Col. A. G., 6:1982 WaveU, Col. Archibald, 3:928; 4:1095 f; 6:1858; 10:3002, 3011, 3017, 3052 Webb, Beatrice (1858-1943)

and Sidney (1859-1947), 2:406; 9:2774, 2858; 11:3334

Webb-Bowen,

4:1240

^illers-Bretonneux, 9:2749-55 ^illiers. Sir Francis, 2:379 VUvoorde, 2:377 ^imy, 1:300; 2:582; 3:846-53, 357; 4:1024 f, 1260;5:1365-9; r:2097-2104 V^incent, Daniel, 10:2991 Vindex, 5:1377; 6:1730; 11:3460 f Vindictive, 7:2104; 9:2724-37, 2726 Viribus Unitis, 1:174; 8:2570 Vissodic^-. Col., 7:2277 f

Warsaw,

Col.,

798 f, 913, 930, 948, 953, 957, 959, 961, 966 f; 4:989, 1026 f, 1073, 1090, 1102, 1199, 1214, 1260; 5:1377, 1546, 1594, 1627 f, 1632; 6:1806-8, 1825 f, 1874; 7:2039-43, 2083; 10:3000, 3010, 3022-8, 3057, 3080-4, 3094, 3116 f, 3121, 3125,

Gen.,

Weddigen, Lt. Otto, 2:371 f Weerde, 2:377 Weihaiwei, 2:316, 319, 322, 331; 11:3511

Weisbach,

Lt.,

1:3, 13, 15, 19, 21, 24-5, 29,

35-6, 38, 42, 44-62, 64, 67-8, 85,

99 f, 103, 124, 139, 154, 175, 193, 206, 226-8, 301, 310; 2:316, 398, 413, 433, 564, 566, 600, 626, 636 f, 641; 3:753,

f

Weimar, 10:3217-24 Weir, Sir WiUiam, 9:2740

Wilhelm II, German Kaiser & King of Prussia (1859-1941),

87,

4:1320

Weber von Webenau,

11:3270

Wangenheim, Baron von

130

6:1970

10:3084

f

Wheeler VC, Major George,

f

Vyrubova, Anna (1884-19?),

^illalobar, 6:1877 f

Vise, 1:124,

1424

6:1920

W

Verdun, 1:81. 85, 146. 272, 278 f, 283 f, 579; 4:1214, '24&60, 1266-73; 5:1356-61,

f,

Weber, Gen., 3:902 f Weber, Prof. Max. 3:566;

Vyx,

f

/eracruz, 6:1816

L540-4.

11:3362 Voisin 13.5 metre, 2:542 Voisin. Gabriel (b. 1880), 4:997; 7:2185 Volhynia. 5:1484-8 Volkonsky, Prince, 6:1942 Voloshinov-Petrichenko, Gen., 4:1264 Von der Tann, 2:622-4, 626; 3:951; 5:1385-93; 7:2313 von Donop, Gen., 4:1187 Vorarlberg, 11:3358 Vorobyev, Gen., 4:1262 f Vorontsov-Dashkov, Count, 2:500; 4:1155 Vosges, 1:146 ff; 2:583; 3:655, 662-9 Voss, Lt. Werner, 7:2226 f Vossuk-ud-DowIa, 6:1908 Vostarene, 5:1590

Warrior, 5:1398

Warsage, 1:128

3128-31 Wilhelmina, Queen of the Netherlands (1880-1962), 2:367; 10:3027

f

7:2213

Weizmann, Dr. Chaim (1874-1952), 8:2407 f; 11:3317 Wekerle, Dr. Sandor (1848-1921), 10:3087-90

WiUielmshaven, 1:175, 181;

WeUington, 2:336, 340 WeUington Koo, V. K.,

WUkins, Sister, 3:803 WiUcocks. Gen. Sir James

11:3283-6, 3288, 3291, 3508

(1857-1926), 3:742 WUHams, E. E., 2:508 WUHams, E. T., 11:3291 WUHams, Orlo, 3:768

5:1416, 1564; 6:1770, 1775;

11:3450

WeUman,

Maj.-Gen., 5:1605 f WeUs, H. G. (1866-1946), 2:405, 592; 7:2206 Wels, Otto, 10:3120

Wemyss, Adm.

Rosslyn (1864-1933), 3:725, 765 f, 768, Sir

912; 4:1132, 1136; 7:2098 f. 2305; 8:2397, 2567; 10:3134,

3193 Wereszyca, 1:254

West

(1842-1921), 1:182; 2:626-30;

5:1415

Africa, 1:9; 2:361-5;

f

WUson, Maj.-Gen. H.

4:1316-20 Western Desert, 3:707 f; 4:1061-8 Westerners. 3:712-5 Westfalen, 1:50; 5:1401, 1407,

3:836 Wilson,

F.

M.

FM

Sir Henry (1864-1922), 1:82-4.86, 120, 164, 204-6, 274; 2:392; 3:713, 848; 4:1018; 5:1366-9; 6:1937; 7:2025, 2069, 2289; 8:2334, 2377, 2559 f; 9:2655, 2696,

1413:6:1732 Westharp, Kuno, Count von (1864-1945), 2:413

Westminster, Major the Duke of, 4:1063, 1068 de Wet, Gen. Christiaan (1854-1922), 2:351:7:2216 Wetterle, Col. Dupuis, 6:1793 WetzeU, Lt.-Col., 8:2616-26;

2752; 10:2957, 2981, 3227

WUson, Lt.-Gen. 7:2257

Sir

Henry M.,

f

WUson,

Lt.

W.

G., 5:1640

Wilson, President

Woodrow

(1856-1924), 2:368; 3:700 f, 704, 798, 821, 978; 4:1004-8, 1206 f. 1224-7; 6:1798-1800, 1807 f, 1814-24, 1959-62; 7:1993-2001,

9:2694

Weygand, Gen. Maxime (1867-1965), 7:2138 f; 8:2377; 9:2662-4, 2814; 11:3410 f, 3431 Weymouth, 2:344, 359; 4:1122 Wheeler VC, Major. 3:787

WUlmer, Major, 4:1053 WUlson, Col. Beckles, 3:828 WUmot-Smith, 3:687 WUshin. Eng.-Cdr., 2:512 WUson, Col. A. T., 9:2830 WUson, Adm. Sir Arthur

f, 2159 f, 2207, 2211:8:2525, 2545 1, 2572; 9:2691, 2903-8, 2941; 10:2969,

2014-20, 2083

f

WUbur

2997-3000, 3030, 3056, 3071,

Wright.

f, 3080-4, 3102-6, 3133 f, 3196, 3198, 3204. 3206-9, 3212-6, 3235 f, 3250; 11:3253-7, 3258, 3261, 3279 f, 3283 f, 3288-91, 3296-8, 3327, 3334-6, 3340, 3356-61, 3365-70, 3373, 3376-8, 3389, 3393-6, 3408, 3420. 3474, 3537

2:538; 4:2005,

3077

Wimberley, Maj.-Gen. Douglas, 8:2350-4

Wimborne, Lord (1873-1939), 4:1297 f Winckler, Gen. A. von

Younghusband, Gen.

(1867-1912),

5:1328-31, 1334, 1549 Yourishich-Sturm. Gen., see

2185

Wuchang, 2:316 Wuhan. 4:1036 f

Jurisic-Sturm Ypres. 1:301, 304

Wunsz King, 11:3285 Wurm, Gen. Wenzul (1859-1921), 3:898; 9:2839 T'ing-fang, 8:2527 Wygmael, 2:377 Wytschaete, 1:304

Wu

X

f,

President of China (1859-1916), 2:316; 3:976-9; 4:1036-40; 11:3281, 3286

Yakovlev, 9:2899

Yudenich, Gen. Nicolai (1862-1933). 2:500-2; 4:1154 1262 f, 1308-13; 10:3050 f; 11:3348 f. 3438. 3498 Yugoslavia, 2:406; 5:1589;

Winstone, James, 6:1751 Winterfeld, Gen. von der, 10:3136

Wintgens, Capt. Otto, 6:1760 Wintour, Capt. C. J., 5:1406 f Wiseman, Sir William, 11:3370 Witte. Count Sergei Y. (1849-1915). 1:126 de Witte. Gen., 1:126 de Witte. Major, 2:377-9 Wtocfewek, 2:457 Wobeser, Capt. von, 5:1437 Woevre, 2:582, 667; 4:1245,

1255

f

Wolf, Lucien, 8:2412 Wood, Maj.-Gen. Leonard (1860-1927), 7:2005, 2010; 11:3401, 3528 WooUcombe, Lt.-Gen. Sir Charles, 8:2418. 2425-35

Woyrsch, Gen. Remus von (1847-1920), 1:307, 311; 2:457.

492-8 passim; 3:960 ff Wrangel, Gen., 11:3439, 3498 Wray, Capt. Fawcet (1873-1932), 2:344 f

Yamanashi, Maj.-Gen., 2:321 Yangtse river valley. 2:316, 506 Yanina, 1:55, 59 Yanushkevich, Gen. Nicolai (1868-1918). 1:245. 457; 3:938 6:i957 Yaounde, 2:364 f; 4:1316 f

Yap

f.

(1887-1968), 6:1919, 1921, 1937 f;

Yellow Sea, 2:321

Yemen,

3:751,

1438 Yarmouth, 2:416, 420. 424; 11:3461

f

1:55; 5:1547-9;

10:3056 York. Cpl. Alvin. 10:3049 Yorke, Lt.-Col.. 6:1857 Yoshino, Prof. Sakuzo, 3:976 Young, 10:3013 f Young, Lt. E. H., 9:2725 Young Bosnians, 1:3. 6 Young Czech Party. 1:106 Young Plan. 11:3476 Young Turks. 1:54 f, 59-60; 2:347, 398

Wrench, Evelyn (1882-1966),

f, 436; 3:732; 5:1323, 1521, 1546; 6:1786, see also

2:575

Union and Progress

R VI.

Zetkin. Clara, 10:3176, 3179 Zhekov, Gen. N., 4:1081. 1083,

1104 Zhostov. Gen., 4:1083 Zimbrakakis, Col., 5:1587 Zimmerman, Col., 4:1316-20

7-201&19, 2212 Zimmerv/ald, 7:2137 Zinoviev, G. E., 8:2471 Zionists, 4:1090, 8:2406-12 Zita, Empress (b. 1892), 6:1825-7, 1900-5; 7:2039

Zabern, 3:842; 4:1260 Zaghlul Pasha. Saad. 11:3326-9 Zaimis. A.. 4:1127; 5:1584 Zandvoorde, 2:394 Zankeievitch. Gen.. 7:2144 Zante. 2:344 Zanzibar. 1:15, 37, 45; 2:359;

11:3506, 3511

f

(1864-1940), 2:365, 414; 4:1224; 6:1800, 1824; telegram,

Yurovsky. 9:2900 f Yussupov, Prince Felix

Yarmouth, 2:621, 641; 5:1377,

(1870-1932), 2:637 Zeppelins, 2:639-45 (diag.), 4:985-93; 5:1377 f, 1413, 1416, 1433-9, 1594; 6:1730-5, 1741-9;

Zimmermiinn, Arthur

6:1677; 11:3276-80

Island, 2:336, 416;

864

Zapata. 6:1814

EmiUano

(1877-1919),

Zayonchkovski, Gen., 5:1576 6:1715, 1720, 1927 Zeebrugge, 1:300; 6:1730 f, 1735; 7:2301-5; 9:2722-37;

11:3450 Zeeland. 2:376 Zeid ibn-Hussein, 5:1521; 8:2394 f; 10:3010 f Zekki Pasha, 3:706 Zeligowski, Gen. Lucian (1865-1947), 11:3349

f

Adm. Hans

Zeppelin-Staaken 7-2167

Prince, 6:1900-5

Yamada, Maj.-Gen., 2:321-9

Zemstvos, 2:566, 573; 3:974 Zenker,

7:2235-7, 2314

river, 1:304 f; 2:381, 385-9. 396, 581, 583 Yuan Shih-kai, Gen. and

Windhuk,

5:1518. 1522. 1524; 8:2293 2397 f; 11:3297, 3326 f

f,

2626 Yser

9:2784 2:353, 361 Wingate, Gen. Sir Francis Reginald (1861-1953), 3:707;

Zelzate, 2:380

310, 312; 2:385-96, 455, 461, 496, 563, 581. 584; 3:827-37. 926; 4:1031, 1183, 1187; 5:1365; 7:2283-2300, 2300-8; 8:2357-62,

Xavier of Bourbon-Parma,

(1856-19?). 4:1099; 5:1656;

GENERAL INDEX

Sir G.,

f;

11:3258 Zivkovic, Gen. P., 4:1102, 1108, 1115-17; 5:1590 Zlatarov, Col., 4:1083 Zlota Lipa. 1:252 Zonguldak. 5:1566 f Zonnebeke, 2:389 Zottu, Gen., 5:1597 Zubair, Sheikh of, 3:787

Zuckschwerdt, Cmdr., f;

3:871

Zugmayer, 5:1546 Zuider Zee, 2:372 Zukunftskrieg, 2:589-92 Zupelli, Vittorio. 3:875 Zuyev, Gen., 3:939 Zvolen, 1:312 Zwehl, Gen., 1:1. 287; 4:1252," 1254 f; 5:1357 Zweig. Stefan. 11:3260 Zymbrakakis, Col. P.. 7:2252

3603

n

MILITARY COMMANDERS 1342-4

Below, Gen. Otto von

Aymerich, Gen., 2:362, 365;

(1857-1944), 2:602, 605; 5:1656; 8:2366, 2374 f, 2456

Abdul Kerim, Gen.. 2:502 Abonneau, Gen.. 1:220 f

4:1316-20

de Abreu. Gen. Abruzzi. Adm.

B

T.,

Benson, Adm. William

4:1275

Duke

of

(1873-1933). 3:884. 924 Achmed Ferzi Pasha, Gen.,

Bachirev, V.-Adm., 3:949 7:2104 Bachmann, V.-Adm. G.

2:500 Acton. Adm., 7:2271 f Aitken, Maj.-Gen., 2:359 f; 5:1372 Albrecht, Duke of Wiirttemberg (1865-1939), 1:87 f, 126, 152, 204, 304; 2:385-9. 394; 3:828, 834 f Albricci, Gen., 9:2864

(1860-1943), 2:636; 4:989;

6:1777 Bacon,

FM

Alexeyev, Gen. Mikhail (1857-1918). 2:455, 463, 492; 3:940. 944; 4:1198, 1286;

5:1470, 1472, 1478, 1488, 1579 f, 1593; 6:1720, 1928, 1948, 1952-7; 8:2449; 9:2669, 2802; 11:3438 Ali Riza Pasha, Gen., 10:3008;

11:3355

AUenby,

f;

FM Sir Edmund,

Viscount (1861-1936), 1:164, 303 f; 2:385 f, 388; 3:927 f; 4:1212; 5:1368, 1499 f; 7:2051

f,

2058. 2064-7, 2190, 2195, 2198 f; 8:2385 f, 2389, 2400; 9:2711-5; 10:3001-9,3012-7, 3052 f; 11:3296-8, 3327 f

d'Amade, Gen. Albert (1856-1941), 1:204, 213; 3:766

f,

Bridgeman, Adm.

Badoglio, Gen. Pietro, 8:2368 BaiUoud, Gen., 4:1128 Bakhirev, R.-Adm., 3:949 f; 7:2104 Baldwin, Brig.-Gen., 4:1057

Besser, Gen., 2:498, 549, 557 Bezobrazov, Gen., 5:1574 Birch, Major-Gen., Sir Noel (1865-1939), 4:1185

Balfourier, Gen.

M.

(1852-1933), 4:1255, 1258, 1267; 5:1529, 1535 f Balinev, Gen., 4:1288-92 Ballard, R.-Adm. George A. (1862-1948), 2:621 Baquet, Gen., 3:673; 6:1707 Baratov, Gen., 2:500; 4:1157; 6:1906-8, 1965, 1974, 1982; 9:2758, 2766 Barbot, Gen. E.-J. (1855-1915), 3:849, 852 f

Bamardiston, Maj.-Gen.

Barrow, Gen. Sir

(1864-1916), 5:1399 Arienti, Maj.-Gen. G. Novak von, 3:899 Armin, Gen. Sixt von see Sixt

von Armin Arpad von Tam^sy, Gen., 2:619

Artamanov, Gen., 1:244 Arz von Straussenburg, Gen. Arthur, Baron, 2:493-8, 549-51; 5:1485, 1597; 6:1715; 9:2833 f; 10:3086 Ashmore, Brig.-Gen. E. B., 7:2164, 2181

Aston, Maj.-Gen. Sir George (1861-1938), 1:269; 3:713 Auffenberg, Gen. Moritz von (1852-1928), 1:249-54 Averescu, Gen. A., 5:1598; 6:1718, 1721; 10:3030 Awni Pasha, Gen., 4:1309 Aylmer VC, Lt.-Gen., F. J., 4:1163; 5:1328-31, 1334-8,

3604

4:1059; 7:2146; 10:3098 Bredow, Gen., 4:1290

11:3495

(1857-1926), 2:448-50; 3:781; 4:1142, 1160 Barrow, Maj.-Gen., 10:3005, 3008, 3013 f

2372 f; 9:2839 Apuchtins, Gen., 2:612 Arbuthnot, R.-Adm. (Sir) R.

Braithwaite, Lt.-Gen. Sir

Walter (1865-1945), 3:725;

Brialmont, Gen. Henri

(1864-1936), 7:2107

f,

4:1154 Bernhardi, Gen. Friedrich von (1849-1930), 2:411; 5:1488 Berthelot, Gen. Henri (1861-1931), 1:204, 226 f, 267, 274; 3:754; 5:1541; 6:1715, 1720-2; 9:2864; 10:3036;

Nathaniel (1858-1919), 2:322, 324, 331-3 Barrett, Gen. Sir Arthur

(1860-1944), 7:2107, 2289 f Aosta, Gen. The Duke of (1869-1931), 3:897; 4:1230 f, 1236; 5:1457; 6:1660; 8:2368

(1855-1932), 7:2004 Berg, Gen., 5:1355 Bergmann, Gen., 2:500-2;

Adm. Sir Reginald (1863-1946), 2:372; 3:760; 6:1730, 1735; 7:2099, 2301-5; 8:2567; 9:2722 Baden-Powell, Lt.-Gen. Sir Robert, Baron (1857-1941), 1:120

772 Anastasin, Gen., 6:1720 d'Anselme, Gen. Philippe Anthoine, Gen. Francois

922 f Boutegourd, Gen., 1:220 Boyadzhiyev, Gen., 4:1083, 1102 f; 5:1652, 1654, 1656 Boyer, Gen., 5:1553 Bradford, Adm. Sir E. E. (1858-1935), 2:627, 630

3:708,

Edmund

(1852-1934), 2:446

Bartenwerffer, Gen. von, 10:3027 Battenberg, Adm. Prince Louis (Marquis of Milford Haven), 1:52, 196; 2:343, 371 f, 566; 5:1415 Bayly, Adm. Sir Lewis (1857-1938), 3:686 Bazelaire, Gen., 4:1259; 7:2105 Beatty, Adm. Sir David, Earl (1871-1936), 1:188-93, 196; 2:469. 622 f, 626, 630-3, 637; 5:1377-9, 1382, 1384 f, 1392-5,

1397-1404, 1414-n 1429 f; 6:1731-3; 7:2094-9; 8:2542 f, 2564-7; 10:3059-62; 11:3449, ,

3481 Behncke, Adm. Paul von

(1821-1903), 1:124, 135-8; 2:376, 616; 4:1246

f

Beseler, Gen. Hans von (1850-1921), 2:377-81, 385,

388

f;

Sir Francis

(1848-1929), 1:196

3:960; 6:1834

Birdwood, Gen. Sir William (1865-1951), 3:725, 767-72, 902, f, 917; 4:1044, 1050, 1053, 1059, 1131-4, 1136; 5:1608, 1632; 7:2146-50; 10:3093, 3100 Birrell, Surgeon-Gen., 3:911 Bissing, Gen. Moritz von (1844-1917), 3:798, 803, 840;

905

Bridges, Maj.-Gen., Sir Wm. Throsby (1861-1915), 2:338 f; 4:1042-5 Briggs, Lt.-Gen. C. J., 7:2265; 11:3496 Briggs, Adm. Sir John, 1:176 Brochin, Gen., 1:152 Brock, V.-Adm. Sir O. de B., 11:3482 Bronsart von Schellendorf, Gen. Friedrich (1864-1942), 2:500; 4:1262

Brudermann, Gen.

(1850-19?),

1:250

6:1879

Brugere, Gen. Henri

Blazer, Gen., 3:662

(1841-1918). 2:298 Brulard, Gen., 2:657 Brusato. Gen., 5:1455 Brusilov, Gen. Alexei A. (1853-1926), 1:249; 2:491-8,

BUss, Gen. Tasker (1853-1930), 10:3213 Bobrinsky, Lt.-Gen., 2:620 Bodicker, V.-Adm. F. (1866-1944), 5:1377 f BoeU, Gen., 1:152 Bogovic, Gen. Petar, 4:1119; 5:1589 f, 1656 Baron von Bohm-Ermolli, (1856-1941), 1:254; 2:457, 491-9 passim, 548, 595. 620; 5:1479, 1487 Bohn, Gen. Hans von (1853-1921), 5:1605; 7:2106 f; 9:2780, 2787, 2861; 10:3096 Boissondy, Gen., 7:2111 Bolfras, Gen. Arthur von (1838-1922), 2:496 Bols, Maj.-Gen. Sir Louis, 11:3315 Bonch-Bruyevitch, Gen. M. D. (1870-1956), 2:457, 603; 8:2488

FM

546-51, 595. 620; 3:757. 935, 944; 4:1211, 1286; 5:1472, 1478-88 passim, 1573-8; 6:1928-34, 1948, 1954-7, 1959; 8:2356, 2449

Buat, Gen.

Edward

(1862-1939), 2:395; 10:3002 Bulgakov, Gen., 2:606 f

Bullard, Maj.-Gen. Robert,

10:3049 Bulot, Brig.-Gen., 7:2134

Bulow,

FM

Karl von

(1846-1921), 1:87 f, 124-8, 161 f, 164, 204-6, 220 ff, 248. 268-72. 275. 279, 286. 288, 294 Burney, Adm. Sir Cecil

(1858-1929), 1:187; 2:622; 5:1398, 1407; 7:2098 Burstall, Maj-Gen. H. E.,

Bonneau, Gen., 1:146 f Bordeaux, Gen. H., 5:1544 Borius, Gen.. 11:3495

Boroevic von Bojna. FM Baron Svetozar (1856-1920), 2:491, 498, 546, 551, 595, 616 f; 3:884, 897 f; 4:1230 f, 1233; 5:1453; 6:1660; 8:2373-7; 9:2834, 2839,

7:2072

2844

2630

(1866-1937), 2:641; 5:1401;

Botha, Gen. Louis (1862-1919),

7:2104 Behring. Adm., 3:948 BeUn, Gen., 1:226 f Bellini, R -Adm., 4:1122 f Below, Gen. Fritz von (1853-1918), 2:601; 5:1498 f, 1514 f, 1528 f, 1533; 9:2780

2:348-53

Botha, Gen. Marie, 6:1757 Bothmer, Gen. FeUx, Count von (1852-1937), 5:1479, 1487 1574 Boue de Lapeyr^re, Adm.

Edmond

(1868-1923), 9:2864 Bulfin, Lt.-Gen. Sir

Butler, Lt.-Gen., 9:2753 Byng, Gen. Sir Julian, Baron (1862-1935), 3:707; 4:1050, 1058, 1131; 7:2070; 8:2415-35, f;

10:3093

f,

3099

Cadorna, Gen. Count Luigi f,

Augustin (1852-1924), 2:341-7;

(1850-1928), 3:875, 878, 884, 897-9; 4:1198, 1211, 1230-6; 5:1455-8; 6:1674, 1875; 7:2139 f, 2274-9; 8:2365-79

Callaghan,

Adm.

Sir

George

11:3362

(1852-1920), 1:52

Cobbe VC, Lt.-Gen.

Callwell, Maj.-Gen. Sir Charles

Alexander (1870-1931), 6:1882.

(1859-1928), 3:713

1968, 1982-4; 9:2757

CampbeU, VC, R.-Adm. Gordon (1886-1953), 3:687;

Cockerill, Brig.-Gen.

Sir

George

7:2308-11

(1867-1957), 6:1792 Colomb. Adm. Philip (1831-99),

Campbell, R.-Adm. Henry

2:589

(1865-1933), 2:370 ff Capelle, Adm. Eduard von (1855-1931), 6:1807, 1824;

Colville,

7:2015

(1862-1927), 5:1505, 1529, 1534-7, 1618, 1632

Adm., 7:2099 Comby, Gen., 7:2144 Congreve VC, Lt.-Gen.

Capello, Gen. Luigi (1859-1941), 4:1233:6:1664;

Sir

W.

Conneau, Gen. Louis-Napoleon

Deguise, Lt.-Gen., 2:376 f, 380 De Horsey, Adm. Sir Algernon, 2:592 Delamain, Maj.-Gen. Sir

10:2968

3:787 f; 4:1150-2, 1170-2, 1180; 5:1343 Deletoile, Gen., 5:1541

Edwards, Brig.-Gen. W.

6:1763; 10:3108-12; 11:3456 Egerton, Brig.-Gen., 3:911;

De

6:1892, 1970

Lisle,

Maj.-Gen. Sir B.,

(1848-1918), 2:600, 604-7, 612;

Einem. Gen. Karl von 1:137; 4:1025-9 EUershaw, Brig.-Gen. W.,

(Rothmaler) (1853-1934),

(1858-1936), 3:662; 5:1648,

Dietrichs, Gen., 5:1654-6;

1653-5 Costa, Gen. G. de, 4:1275 Coutanceau, Gen. M.. 4:1246 Cowan. R.-Adm. Sir Walter. 10:3187; 11:3446-8 Cradock. R.-Adm. Sir Christopher (1862-1914). 1:184;

10:2983 Dimitriev, Gen., 1:55 Ditfurth, Gen.. 1:294

62. 64-7. 85-8, 96, 105, 139,

Adm. Sir Sackville (1857-1930), 2:469; 3:715, 721, 723-5, 762-5, 912 Carlowitz, Gen. A. von, 4:1287,

Garden,

1291 Carton de Wiart VC, Maj.-Gen. Adrian (1880-1963), 5:1533 de Castelnau, Gen. Edouard de Curieres (1851-1944), 1:82, 86, 88, 146-9, 204, 278, 296. 298,

Chauvel, Gen. Sir Henry (1865-1945), 2:338; 6:1857-9, 1990-2; 8:2389 f; 10:3008,

3013-17 Chayfor, Brig.-Gen., 6:1854, 1858; 10:3002 f, 3013 Chernozubov, Gen., 4:1154 f; 6:1908, 1982 Chesney, Gen. Sir George (1830-95), 2:589

Claer, Gen.

f;

Eberhard von

(1856-19?). 2:388

Clandel. Maj.-Gen., 5:1544 Clausewitz. Gen. Karl von (1780-1831), 1:21; 2:620; 4:1181;

9:2930 Clayton, Brig.-Gen. Sir Gilbert (1875-1929), 5:1518. 1523; 8:2397. 2405; 10:3010 f; 11:3298, 3315 Clauswitzer, Gen.. 2:363 Clergerie. Gen. J.-B. Louis (1854-1927). 1:206

Coanda, Gen. C, 10:3033;

249-54, 307-12; 2:457, 461, 480, 484-98 passim, 545-51, 564, 594-7, 600, 607, 617; 3: 874, 894, 898, 930, 932, 935, 945, 956, 957; 4:1071, 1082, 1094, 1097. 1099. 1104-6. 1117. 1199. 1213. 1246; 5:1453 f. 1458 f. 1483 f. 1488. 1584; 6:1719; 7:2038. 2278-80; 8:2366; 9:2834. 2839, 2844; 10:3023

2:511-18, 535

Crainiceanu, Gen., 6:1717 Cramon. Gen. August von, 2:599 Crewe, Brig.-Gen. Sir Charles, 6:1757, 1760 f Crocker, Brig.-Gen. S. P., 6:1892, 1899, 1971 Crozier, Brig.-Gen., 3:798 Cunliffe, Brig.-Gen. F. C, 2:365; 4:1316-20 Currie, Lt.-Gen. Sir Arthur (1875-1933). 7:2071; 8:2359; 9:2925; 10:3101 CutinelU. Adm., 4:1122f

D

Chetwode, Lt.-Gen. Sir Philip (1869-1950)1:204; 6:1858 f, 1989-92; 8:2387, 2391; 9:2712 10:3013 f Chretien, Gen. A. P. A. (1862-1948), 4:1246, 1252, 1255, 1267; 9:2779, 2787 Christian, Adm. Arthur (1863-1926), 2:370-2

Conrad von Hotzendorf, FM Count Franz (1852-1925), 1:3,

(1866-1937), 2:455-7, 603; 3:940, 944; 4:1286; 6:1957

Dankl, Gen. Baron von (1854-1941), 1:249, 254, 2:455, 491-8 passim, 548 f; 3:884;

5:1453-60 Dartige du Fournet, Adm., 5:1587 f Davidson, Maj.-Gen. J. H., 5:1534 Davies, Gen. Sir Francis, 3:740; 4:1131

Debeney, Gen. Marie (1864-1943), 7:2289; 9:2755, 2923, 2932-5; 10:2956, 3098,

3137

De

Chair, V.-Adm. Sir (1864-1958), 3:692-3

Degoutte, Gen. Jean (1866-1938), 9:2864 f

;

Dudley

5:1465 Elles, Brig.-Gen.

Hugh

(1880-1945), 5:1640; 8:2415-40

Emmich, Gen. Otto von (1848-1915), 1:124-6, 135, 137, 248; 3:931, 961 Englert, Maj.-Gen. Karl,

5:1458 Epp, Gen. Ritter von, 10:3166 Erdeli, Gen., 10:3157 Esebeck, Maj.-Gen. Frhr. von, 2:612 Essad Pasha, Gen. (18637-1920), 1:55, 59; 5:1589 Essad Pasha, Gen., 3:730, 775, 905 f, 913; 4:1052 Essen, Adm., 3:947-9 Estorf, Brig.-Gen., 2:607

FM

Djemal Pasha. Gen. Ahmed.

Eugen.

3:706. 708. 711; 5:1524; 6:1787;

(1863-1954), 3:897; 5:1453-60;

8:2387 f. 2404 Dobbie, Brig.-Gen., 3:783 Dobell, Lt.-Gen. Sir Charles (1869-1954), 2:364 f; 4:1316-20; 6:1858. 1989-92; 8:2387 Draganov. Gen.. 4:1083 Dragmirov. Gen. A. M.. 3:931 Dubail, Gen. Augustin

8:2366 Eulopp, Gen., 4:1099

(1851-1934), 1:84,86, 88, 146-8, 204, 278; 2:579; 3:650, 662, 665; 4:1246; 6:1697 f, 1705 Dubois, Gen. Pierre (1852-1924), 2:389, 392, 394

Archduke

Evan-Thomas, V.-Adm.

Hugh

f,

2:455. 491-8; 4:1286; 5:1472,

1483. 1488. 1573 f; 8:2449 Exelman, Gen.. 1:220 Eydoux, Gen.. 1:153

F Max von

Fabeck. Gen.

(1854-1916). 1:152; 2:394

f

E Ebergard. Adm. A. A., see Eberhardt Eberhardt. Adm. A. A.. 4:1309 f; 5:1566 f Eberhardt. Gen.. 10:3187 Eca. Gen. P. de. 4:1274 Eck. Gen., 2:498 Eckermann, R.-Adm., 2:636

Edmonds, Brig.-Gen. Sir James (1861-1956), 6:1852

f,

1399 f, 1408 Evert, Gen. Alexei (1857-1917). 1394

Duch6ne, Gen. Denis

Duff, Gen. Sir Beauchamp (1855-1918), 2:446; 4:1162, 1167 Dumas, Gen., 3:652, 656. 660 Dundonald. Lt.-Gen. Earl of (1852-1935). 3:760. 819 Dunsterville. Maj.-Gen. Lionel (1865-1946). 9:2758. 2767-72 Duval, Gen.. 9:2933 Dyer. Brig.-Gen. Reginald (1864-1927). 11:3304 f

Sir

(1862-1928), 5:1384

(1862-1950), 7:2107, 2134; 9:2779, 2784, 2787, 2805, 2807 Duff, V.-Adm. Sir Alexander (1862-1933), 1-2095-8; 8:2536,

2543

DangUs, Gen., 7:2252 Danilov, Gen. G. N.

9:2800

(1872-1947). 6:1953; 8:2443. 2580; 9:2667-75; 11:3438 f,

2139, 2144; 8:2630 Castro, Gen. Pimenta de, 2:366 Cavan, Lt.-Gen. Earl of (1865-1946), 5:1637; 8:2375-7; 10:3066 f; 11:3481 Caviglia, Lt.-Gen., 9:2839; 10:3066 Cayley. Brig.-Gen., 6:1881, 1970-2, 1981, 1983 Chang Hsun, Gen., 8:2527 Charlton, R.-Adm., 6:1763 Charpy, Gen., 11:3479 Chatfield, R.-Adm. Alfred (1873-1967), 5:1385-94

1:13,

FM Hermann von

Eichhom,

Delmensingen, Gen., see Krafft Denikin. Gen. A. I.

Cordonnier, Gen. Emilien

Count von,

206, 287,

296, 304

T.,

389

Caprivi, Gen, 15

f,

F. S.,

3:911; 4:1058; 8:2429

302; 2:579, 666; 4:1024, 1196, 1255 f; 6:1708, 1911; 7:2022,

2:387,

(1856-1930), 1:146

Edwards, Gen. Clarence,

Walter (1862-1932), 2:446-8;

3495-8 De Robeck, V.-Adm. Sir John (1862-1928), 3:724 f, 763-5, 768, 771, 907, 912, 4:1131 f, 1136, 1140; 5:1569; 11:3498 Descoings, Gen., 3:657 Deverall, Maj.-Gen., 7:2200 Deverell, Maj.-Gen., C. J., 10:2970 Diaz, Gen. Armando (1861-1928), 8:2376-9; 9:2844 f; 10:3065 f Diaz, Gen. Porfirio, President of Mexico (1830-1915), 6:1814 Dickman, Gen., 10:2965 f Dieterichs, Gen., 9:2941

8:2367 f Capper, Maj.-Gen. Sir

MILITAR Y COMMANDERS

Fakhri Pasha. Gen. Hamid. f; 10:3010-2. 3017 Faldella. Gen. E.. 8:2370 Falkenhansen, Gen. Baron von

5:1522. 1524

(1844-1936). 6:1880; 7:2051, 2065. 2069-74 passim

Falkenhayn, Gen. Erich von (1861-1922). 1:296. 298 f. 304 f. 307. 310-12; 2:385. 388. 393-6, 410. 414. 455. 461, 475-80, 493. 497, 564, 581. 598, 600; 3:675. 753. 757. 828. 842. 930. 932, 935. 957-67; 4:1023. 1025-9. 1082. 1099. 1104-6. 1115, 1117. 1141, 1185. 1192. 1199, 1212-14. 1244-6. 1255-9. 1308;

5:1361, 1453, 1458. 1483 f, 1488, 1498 f, 1514-16. 1528, 1533, 1564, 1578-81, 1583 f, 1594. 1599 f. 1602, 1605. 1610. 1621-8, 1632; 6:1680, 1689. 1697. 1705. 1715-24. 1799. 1802-6. 1824, 1873. 1982; 7:2029, 2038. 2102; 8:2385 f; f

10:3053

f

Falkenhayn, Gen. Eugen von (1853-1934), 4:1099; 5:1357,

3605

MILITAR Y COMMANDERS

Friend, Maj.-Gen. L. B., 4:1297 Frommel, Gen., 1:307-11; 2:457-63

Loizeau (1861-1915), 1:82; 4:1181; 6:1680 Grant, Brig.-Gen. W., 10:3005,

1488

Froti6e. Gen.. 5:1652

3157

Fane. Maj.-Gen. V. B., 6:1976-84:9:2757 Fassbender. Gen. Karl von, 7:2069

Frugoni. Gen. Pietro, 3:897; 4:1230; 5:1457 Fry, Maj.-Gen. C. I., 3:781, 787 f; 4:1152 Fuchs, Gen., 10:2965 Fiilopp, Gen., 4:1102, 1104 Furse, Maj.-Gen., 5:1613 f

Graziani, Gen.. 10:3070 Grierson. Lt.-Gen. Sir James (1859-1914). 1:120, 164 Grigorescu, Gen. Eremia,

Fayolle, Marshal Emile (1852-1928); 3:849; 5:948;

5:1500. 1515. 1529. 1535 f, 1608. 1631 f; 6:1686; 7:2022. 2139; 8:2378; 9:2655. 2807.

2861 f. 2932 f Fergusson, Maj.-Gen. Sir

Fischer. Brig.-Gen.. 10:2970-2 Fisher, Adm. Sir John A., Baron (1841-1920). 1:34, 48-52, 82. 181. 196; 2:341, 372, 520 f, 532. 536, 626, 630. 632 f; 3:678,

713.715.721.762.799,912,

f

(1851-1929). 1:30. 72, 82, 146-9, 204-16, 279, 300, 302-5; 2:385, 388, 394, 396. 579; 3:650-2. 666. 828-33. 836 f, 847, 851. 856; 4:1022, 1031, 1035, 1181, 1212; 5:1500, 1534 f, 1605. 1618. 1631; 6:1689, 1708, 1852; 7:2022; 8:2375 f, 2559; 9:2655, 2662-4, 2695. 2778 f,

2805 2878

2851. 2861, 2870, 2923 f. 2927 f. 2936, 2941; 10:2945-51, 2956. 2961 f. 2969. 2997. 3000. 3009, 3045, 3084, 3092. 3122, 3133-9, 3184, 3194 f, 3204, 3233 f; 11:3366-9, 3381 f, 3408, 3495 Foulois, Brig.-Gen., B. D., 10:2992-5 Fox, Gen. Vinzenz, 3:898 Franchet d'Esperey, Marshal Louis (1856-1942), 1:126. 158-62, 206, 221 f, 267 f, 273, 275, 279, 293; 2:579, 667; 4:1126; 6:1702, 1705, 1708; 7:2022, 2139; 8:2630; 9:2805; 10:2981-7, 3036, 3089 Francois, Gen. Hermann von (1856-1933), 1:233-45, 308, 312; 5:1541; 9:2781 Frank, Gen., 1:142; 2:484, 489 Freemantle, Adm., 11:3452 f French, F-M Sir John, Earl of Ypres (1852-1925), \\86, 88. 120, 158 f, 169, 204-6, 215-17, 220, 228, 273, 288, 294, 298, 301-5; 2:385 ff, 392-6, 553, 562-4, 581, 589; 3:651, 672, 713-5, 734, 741, 820, 827-33, 836. 847, 855-9, 926; 4:1022 f, 1031, 1034 f, 1096, 1126, 1138, 1183, ll^Q, 1216 f, 1300 Freyberg. VC, Brig.-Gen. Bernard (1890-1963), 6:1695 f, f,

Freytag-Loringhoven, Gen. Hugo Frhr. von (1855-1924), 2:599; 5:1366^ Archduke Friedrich,

FM

(1856-1936), 1:139; 2:594, 619; 6:1825, 1827

3606

Grishin-Amazov, Gen., 11:3495 Groner, Gen. Wilhelm

3129

Gallieni,

Fiedler. V.-Adm.. 4:1122

948:4:1005, 1193; 5:1416; 7:2094 f, 2316 FitzClarence. Brig.-Gen. Charles (1865-1914). 2:395 Foch, Marshal Ferdinand

G

3146, 3172, 3181; 11:3412 Grosseti, Gen. Paul

Gen. Joseph

f,

(1849-1916), 1:206, 267 f, 273, 275, 283 f; 4:1035, 1196; 6:1707, 1911 f Gallwitz, Gen. Max von (1852-1937), 2:457, 602, 604-7; 3:957 f; 4:1099, 1259; 5:1357.

(1861-1918), 2:387-9, 396; 3:660 Griinert, Maj.-Gen., 1:237; 2:457; 5:1498 f, 1532 f

1540

(1863-1940), 9:2805; 10:2981,

8:2450 Gallwitz von Drey ling. Gen., 6:1722 Gambiez. Gen., 6:1711 Gamelin, Gen. Maurice (1872-1958); 2:226 f; 7:2113 Gamier, Gen., 4:1287 Geoghan, Brig.-Gen. S., 3:710 Gerard, Gen., 1:152 f; 3:652. f;

656, 660 Gesov, Gen., 5:1656 Giorgio. Gen. di. 7:2278 f Glubb Pasha, Lt.-Gen. Sir

3446 Goodenough, V.-Adm. Sir William (1867-1945), 1:189 f; 2:622, 626 f; 5:1402, 1406 f, 1428, 1432 Gorringe, Maj.-Gen. Sir George (1868-1945), 4:1143-5, 1147.

1163;5:1334-9, 1343

f;

6:1881

Gosler, Gen. von. 5:1534 Gough. Lt.-Gen. Sir Hubert de la Poer (1870-1963), 2:388; 3:830, 857; 4:1032; 5:1499, 1528, 1533 f, 1605. 1629. 1632; 6:1692 f; 7:2051. 2146-50.

2190

2198

2288 f, 2294 f; 8:2330-8, 2359, 2630 f; ^2644 f. 2655 Gough-Calthorpe, Adm. Sir Somerset (1864-1937), 8:2544, 2569 f; 10:3056 Gouraud, Gen. Henri f.

f.

(1867-1946), 3:907; 6:1701 9:2864 2916; 10:3092; 11:3299, 3316

Guepratte. V.-Adm. Emile (1856-1939), 3:724 Guillaumat, Gen. Louis

f;

,

Gourko, Gen. Vassily L (1864-1937). 1:246, 256 de Grandmaison, Gen. Louis

Max

von

Guillenstern, Gen. Count, 2:497 Giindell, Gen. von. 10:3136

H

Heeringen, Gen. Josias von (1850-1926), 1:88, 148 Hell, Maj.-Gen., 2:463; 5:1488 Hely d'Oissel, Gen., 9:2864 Henderson, Lt.-Gen. Sir David (1862-1921). 5:1442:7:2131

Henderson, Adm. William H.

Prussia (1862-1929), 1:197; 2:538; 3:947 f; 6:1777; 7:2102 Herr, Gen. F. G. (1855-1932), 4:1246, 1252, 1267

Hertzog, Gen. James (1866-1942). 2:349 ff Heydebreck, Gen. von, 2:353 Hindenburg, Paul von Beneckendorff und von (1847-1934), 1:237, 244 f, 247, 254, 307 f, 312; 2:455, 461. 478, 564, 599 f, 602, 606 f, 609 f; 3:957-67; 4:1003, 1199. 1213 f;

FM

Hache, Gen.. 1:204 Haeften. Maj.-Gen. von, 7:2043; 10:3083 f Hafiz Haklei Pasha, Gen.,

FM Sir Douglas, Earl

(1861-1928). 1:88. 120. 164, 169, 204, 210, 215-17, 220, 304; 2:387, 392, 394; 3:734. 736. 741 f. 855. 857 f, 927; 4:1022 f, 1031-5, 1183 f, 1190, 1212, 1215-17, 1258; 5:1366. 1369. 1497-1500, 1514, 1516. 1529. 1533-7. 1602, 1605-10, 1629, 1632, 1640-2; 6:1692 f. 1787,

1848, 1871-6; 7:2022-5, 2049-52, 2067-70, 2124, 2140, 2190 f, 2196-2203, 2284 f, 2299 f, 2330-8; 8:2415-37; 9:2662-4, 2696. 2738. 2779, 2851 f. 2870, 2922, 2925 f; 10:2945 f. 2954-7, 2962 f, 3094-8. 3134, 3159; 11:3394 Hajianestis, Gen., 11:3489 Haking. Lt.-Gen. Sir Richard (1862-1945). 4:1034; 9:2696

Haldane, Lt.-Gen., 3:928; 5:1537; 7:2191 Halil Bey, Gen., 4:1154 f, 1169, 1175 Hall, R.-Adm. W. R. (1870-1943), 4:1089; 5:1415;

7:2213-16 Haller, Gen. Joseph (1873-1960). 11:3341. 3409 Hamilton. Brig.-Gen.. 4:1127.

5:1573 f, 1578, 1581, 1599, 1610. 1628, 1632, 1656; 6:1717. 1788, 1799. 1801, 1806-8. 1825; 7:2014 f, 2031-43; 8:2362 f; 9:2687 f; 10:2984, 3024, 3027 f. 3080-4. 3121, 3125, 3129-31, 3133-9, 3144 f, 3217, 3221 f, 3232; 11:3412 f, 3476 Hintze. Adm. Paul von (1864-1940). 8:2614; 9:2804; 10:3023 f, 3027 f. 3082, 3121,

3133 Hippel. Gen. von. 5:1656 Hipper, Adm. Franz von (1863-1932), 1:197; 2:622 f, 626-32, 636 f; 3:951; 5:1377-9, 1382. 1384 f, 1392-5. 1398, 1401, 1406, 1416 f, 1429-32; 10:3059; 11:3450

Hoeppner. Gen. Ernst von (1860-1922). 6:1744:7:2162,

2164; 9:2659 Houghton, Brig.-Gen. F. A., 4:1150-2, 1172, 1180:5:1343 Hoffmann, Maj.-Gen. Max (1869-1927), 1:237, 308-12; 2:457, 463, 600; 3:974; 4:1141, 1289, 1291:6:1873:8:2613; 9:2688-90, 2796 Hojoji, Maj.-Gen.. 2:322, 324 HoUand, Maj.-Gen., 7:2052,

2058

1180 Hamilton. Gen. Sir Hubert, 1:165. 303 Hamilton, Gen. Sir Ian

Hollens, Gen., 1:152, 300 f Holtzendorf, Grand- Adm.

(1853-1947), 1:120; 3:715, 725, 762-72, 820, 902-11, 912, 917; 4:1048-52, 1057-9, 1124, 1130 f,

11:3542

1138-40

Hammersley, Gen., 4:1050

f,

1056 f, 1140 Hanbury-Williams, Maj.-Gen. Su-

f,

Henry, Grand Adm. Prince of

2987

Haig,

Hausen, Gen.

(1846-1922), 1:88, 126-8, 161 164, 222, 279

(1845-1931), 2:592

2:500-2

John, 10:3017 Godley, Lt.-Gen. Sir Alexander (1867-1957), 2:338; 4:1042 f, 1050, 1056, 1131 Goiginger. Lt.-Gen. Heinrich, 3:898; 9:2835 Gojkovich, Gen., 1:142-4; 4:1100, 1115 Golovine, Gen. N. N., 2:247 Goltz, FM Colmar, Baron von der(1843-1916). 2:398, 428; 3:913; 4:1157, 1176; 5:1340 f, 1547; 6:1878 f, 1906-8 Goltz, Gen. Count Riidiger von der (1865-1930), 2:464 f; 9:2800; 10:3185 f, 3221; 11:3348, 3422,

Haus, Adm. Anton, 3:885; 5:1453

(1867-1939), 2:479, 573; 5:1627; 9:2800; 10:3098, 3100, 3121 f,

Galet, Gen., 2:377, 380

Charles. 1:211 Fevzi Pasha. Gen.. 4:1309

6:1715

Harington, Lt.-Gen. Sir Charles (1872-1940), 7:2284; 8:2337. 2351; 11:3479-82 Harper, Maj.-Gen. G. M., 7:2054, 2192; 8:2418 f; 10:3099 Harvey, Maj.-Gen. R. N. (1868-1937), 4:1221

John

(1859-1946), 5:1464

Kenning von (1853-1919), 1:197; 5:1564; 6:1805-8; 7:2083;

Hood, R.-Adm.

(Sir)

Horace

(1870-1916), 1:305; 5:1395, 1398. 1400, 1422, 1432

Hope, Adm. H. W. W. (1878-1968), 5:1415 f Horinchi. Maj.-Gen.. 2:322-9

Home. Gen.

Sir

Henry, Lord

115, 126, 146-9, 152-4, 158-62, 169, 201, 204, 215, 220 ff, at GQG, 22&8, 229, 231, 267-79, 283 f, 286. 288, 293 f, 296, 298,

(1861-1929). 5:1507, 1528, 1533-7, 1636 f; 7:2051, 2070,

2190, 2195, 2198 f; 8:2630 f; 9:2663, 2696; 10:3093 f, 3100

Horthy von Nagybanya, R.-Adm. Miklos (1868-1957),

301

7:2272; 10:3073; 11:3272-5 Hsu Shih-ch'ang, Gen. and President of China (1858-1939),

660-8 passim, 734, 743, 754, 837, 846 f, 851-3, 857, 926; 4:997, 1021-9, 1031. 1035, 1059, 1126 f, 1132. 1139. 1185. 1196. 1210-12. 1215 f. 1232, 1246, 1255 f, 1260, 1267. 1286. 1292; 5:1357. 1369, 1497 f, 1500, 1516, 1534, 1544, 1593, 1608 f, 1631, 1648, 1655 f; 6:1681, 1686, 1697 f, 1705-8, i 756/". 1848, 1871, 1874, 1910-13, 1928; 7:2022 f, 2045, 2049 Johnston, Brig.-Gen., 4:1054-7

2:377, 385, 387, 396, 562-4, 581, 584; 3:650-2, 657,

11:3288

Huang

Hsing, Gen.

(1973-1916), 4:1036

Huerta, Gen. Victoriano (1854-1916), 6:1814 f; 7:1993 Hughes, Lt.-Gen. Sir Sam (1853-1921), 3:820-2

HuU, Brig.-Gen., 3:832 Humbert, Gen. Georges (1862-1921), 6:1703

f;

9:2807,

Josef, Gen.

2932 Hunter, Gen. Sir Archibald

11:3273

Jouinot-Gambetta, Brig.-Gen.,

(1864-1940), 1:289;

10:2985 f Judson, Gen., 8:2494 Jurisic-Sturm. Gen. Paul. 1:142; 4:1099 f. 1114 f; 5:1590

3:767-73,902,905,907,911; 4:1139, 1141:5:1537 Hutier, Gen. Oskar von (1857-1934), 4:1286 f; 8:2458 2624 f; 9:2808-15, 2933 Hutton, Maj.-Gen., Sir Edward, 3:819

f,

(1857-1933), 1:183; 2:622, 636 Ironside, Brig.-Gen. E.,

Kaledin. Gen. Alexei (1861-1918), 5:1478, 1480-3, 1573 f; 6:1956; 9:2669 f, 2939 Kaiser, Gen., 4:1142 Kamil, Gen. Mahmut, 4:1262

f

11:3498 Ismet, Pasha, Gen. Inonii (b. 1884), 11:3355, 3482, 3487-9 Istomin, Gen., 2:500 Ivanov, Gen. Nikolai (1851-1918), 1:249, 252 ff; 2:455, 463, 491-8, 546-51, 594-7, 602-6; 3:931, 933; 5:1472;

1308 Kamio, Lt.-Gen., 2:321-8, 331 Kanin, Adm., 3:949; 7:2102

1336

Henry

Sir

f;

Adm.

Sir John, Earl

(1859-1935), 1:52, 175-83, 187

f,

196; 2:372, 622, 633; 3:713; 4:1089; 5:1377-9, 1382, 1385,

1395-8, 1400-4, 1406-16, 1425, 1429, 1432, 1465, 1562, 1564; 6:1731-5; 7:2094-9, 2289, 2305;

8:2362, 2536, 2543

Jerram,

Adm.

Sir

f;

10:3059

M.

(1858-1933), 5:1406 Jilinsky, Gen. Yakov (1853-1918), 1:229-45; 3:945; 6:1957 Joffre, Marshal Joseph (1852-1931), 1:82, 86, 88, 96,

(1857-1937), 5:1331,

6:1982

Adm. A. V.

(1874-1920). 3:947; 5:1569; 7:2102; 11:3436. 3496 f. 3499 Kolev. Gen., 4:1083 Kolewe, Lt.-Gen., 1:138 Korda, Gen., 5:1487 f Kornilov, Gen. L. G. (1870-1918), 6:1955 f, 1959; 8:2445-53, 2470; 9:2667-75,

f

2682 Kosch. Gen. Robert (1856-19?), 2:462. 602, 605; 4:1099, 1102,

1106;6:1718-22 Koundouriotis, Adm., 7:2252 Kovess, Gen. Baron Hermann (1854-1924), 4:1099, 1119, 1240 f; 5:1453. 1457 Krafft von Dellmensingen.

Gen. Konrad( 1862-19

Kemal Pasha, Gen. Mustapha,

6:1717-21; 8:2366 Krasnov, Gen., 9:2668-75, 2802 lO-aus, Gen., 5:1456; 8:2366 f,

3488 f Kemball, Gen. G. V., 5:1328-31. 1336 Kenly. Gen. W. M.. 10:2992 Kenna, Brig.-Gen. Paul, 10:3156 Kern, Surgeon-Gen. von, 4:1199 Keyes, R.-Adm. Sir Roger (1872-1945), 1:188 ff; 2:370-2. 627. 632; 3:723-5, 763, 771, 916 f; 5:1131 f, 1136; 7:2099, 2304 f; 8:2532; 9:2722-37

passim Khabalov, Gen., 6:1937 f, 1948 f Khalil Pasha, Gen., 5:1330, 1342, 1344-7; 6:1884 f, 1897,

1:148; 2:386.

388

f;

).

4:1104;

2835 Krautwald, Gen. von, 2:619; 7:2277 Kritek, Gen., 2:493-8, 549

5:1456 Krobatin,

FM

f;

Baron von

(1849-1933), 1:64 Krusenstern, Gen., 2:497 Krylenko, Gen. N. V. (1885-1940), 8:2480 f; 9:2668 Krymov. Gen.. 9:2668

Kuhl, Gen.

MILITAR Y COMMANDERS Hermann

(1860-1934), 2:491,

617, 620

Lacaze, Adm., 6:1871 Laffert, Maj.-Gen. von, 7:2289 Lafont, Gen., 9:2939 Lake, Lt.-Gen. Sir Percy (1855-1940), 3:819; 5:1334, 1337, 1342. 1347; 6:1881 f

Langemak. R.-Adm.. 7:2102 de Langle de Gary, Gen.

Femand

(1849-1927), 1:88, 204-6, 220, 279; 2:579; 2:652-60; 4:1246, 1252, 1255;

152

ff,

6:1702 Langlois, Gen. H. (1839-1912), 2:607; 4:1181

Lanrezac, Gen. Charles (1852-1925), 1:88, 127 f, 158-62, 164 f, 204-6. 215-22. 267, 269 f Laperrine. Gen.. 5:1554 f de Lardemelle, Gen., 4:1129 Lauenstein, Lt.-Gen. Otto von (1857-1916), 2:601 Lavergne, Gen., 9:2942 f Lawrence, Lt.-Gen. Sir Herbert (1861-1943), 6:1854-7; 8:2636; 9:2647, 2664 Leary, Gen., 3:832 Lebas, Gen., 1:82 Leblois. Gen., 1:153; 5:1653-5

Kelly, R.-Adm. Howard (1873-1952), 2:343-7; 8:2571

4:1052. 1057, 1140, 1309; 6:1787; 10:3001-9, 3052, 3056; 11:3352-5, 3479-82, 3484,

Thomas

(1868-1945), 5:1414, 1416 Janin, Gen., 7:2118; 11:3496 Jardine, Brig.-Gen., 5:1514 Jekov, Gen., see Zhekov Jellicoe,

f;

'Ghazi', 'AtatUrk' (1881-1938), 3:765, 772, 774-7, 905, 912;

4:1132;

6:1765; 7:2094

Jackson, R.-Adm.

f

Keary. Lt.-Gen., Sir H.

D'Urban

Adm.

Kolchak, f,

11:3289. 3508 Kavanagh. Lt.-Gen. Sir C. T.

10:3056, 3144

(1855-1929), 2:361

1042, 1050. 1058 f, 1064, 1129, 1130-2, 1138 f, 1187-93, 1216 f, 1219, 5:1372 f, 1462-5, 1490, 1519, 1522, 1641, 1645; 6:1752 Kleist, Gen. von, 2:386 Kluck, Gen. Alexander von (1846-1934), 1:11,87 f, 126-30, 161. 164-5, 169, 204-6, 213-17, 220 ff, 268-72, 275, 279, 286, 294; 4:1089 Kneussl, Gen., 6:1719-21 1031, 1126, 1169. 1279; 1517,

11:2356, 2940, 3155-7, 3500 Kohl. Gen. von. 1:80

Kappel, Gen., 11:3502 f Karabekir Bey, Gen. Kiazim, 6:1889 f, 1897 f. 1967-71. 1976. 1981 f Kathen, Gen. H. von. 7:2104; 9:2865 Kato. Adm. Tomosaburo.

(1870-19?), 2:500; 4:1154, 1308;

Jackson,

FM

(1870-1964), 1:236, 239, 312; 3:943; 6:1927-31 passim;

McM.. 8:2418

Hasan

(1862-1954), 6:1695; 7:2195; 8:2334, 2360 King-Hall, Adm., Sir Herbert (1862-1936), 2:359; 3:864, 867 f Kirchbach, Gen. von, 5:1458 Kiselov, Gen., 4:1084 Earl Kitchener, (1850-1916), 1:204; 2:336, 348 f, 379, 394, 405, 436-9, 450, 560, 568; 3:672, 707 f, 713-15, 717, 721, 725. 732, 744-53 passim, 758, 760, 762 f, 773, 821, 847, 902-5, 912, 945; 4:1014-19,

Knight, Adm., 9:2940 Knox, Maj.-Gen. Sir Alfred

K

lancovescu, Gen., 6:1721 lUescu, Gen., 6:1720 f Use, Gen., 2:386, 388 f; 9:2870 Ingenohl, Adm. Friedrich von

6:1957 Izzet Pasha, Gen.

Archduke

(1872-1962), 1:250, 253; 2:491-8, 548-50; 5:1479; 9:2839; 10:3090;

(1856-1936), 1:120 Hunter-Weston, Lt.-Gen. Sir

Ayhner

f;

1968, 1974 f, 1981 f; 9:2758 KiggeU, Lt.-Gen. Sir Launcelot

Hermann von

(1856-1958). 1:161; 4:1245; 5:1632; 7:2031. 2037. 2289. 2293; 8:2616-26; 9:2694 Kuhne. Gen.. 6:1721 f Kuropatkin, Gen. A. N. (1848-1925), 4:1286; 5:1472;

Lebouc, Gen., 9:2864 Lebrun, Gen., 5:1541 Lechitsky, Gen. Platon A. (1856-19?), 2:455, 491-7 passim. 547; 5:1478. 1484-8 Lefevre, Gen., 1:153; 3:652 Legrand-Girarde, Gen., 1:301

Leman, Gen. Gerard, Count (1851-1920), 1:124-6. 135. 137 f Prince Leopold of Bavaria, (1846-1930), 3:963; 9:2686, 2891 Lequio, Gen. Clemente, 3:898;

FM

5:1457 f Lerond, Gen., 11:3264 Lesh, Gen., see Lyesh Lettow-Vorbeck, Gen. Paul von (1870-1964), 2:358 ff, 564; 3:869; 5:1372-6; 6:1757-64; 7:2318-23, 2325; 10:3108-12; 11:3333. 3336, 3456 f Liggett. Gen. Hunter, 10:2965 f. 3049

Liman von Sanders, Gen. Otto (1855-1929), 2:398, 400, 428, 500; 3:729-32, 765-7, 772, 902-6, 911. 913; 4:1050. 1052-4. 1139. 1154, 1262. 1308; 6:1786; 8:2387; 10:3001-8. 3012-7. 3026,

3056 Limpus, Adm. Sir Arthur (1863-1931), 2:400. 469; 4:1138

Linsingen, Gen. Alexander von (1850-1935), 1:126; 2:396, 594-7, 600. 619 f; 5:1479 f, 1484, 1488,

1574 Lipsett, Maj.-Gen. L.

J..

7:2072

Litzmann, Gen. Karl (1850-1936), 2:461-5. 602-6 Ljubici6. Gen., 2:497 f, 549

8:2449

Lochow, Gen. Ewald von

Kurst von Reden, Gen., 5:1543 Kusmanek, Gen. Baron

(1855-19?), 3:945; 4:1099. 1102.

1252; 5:1357

3607

MILITA R Y COMMA NDERS Lossberg. Gen. Fritz von (1868-1942). 5:1533. 1632; 7:2029. 2037. 2293; 8:2336

f;

9:2878 Ludendorff, Gen. Erich (1865-1937). 1:124. 132. 136 f. 161. 237-45. biog. 247, 307-12, 2:413 f. 455. 461. 478. 480. 493. 545. 599 f. 612; 3:844. 957-60. 966 f. 974; 4:1003. 1199. 1213 f; 5:1470. 1573. 1581, 1610. 1628, 1632, 1656; 6:1695. 1717. 1719, 1799. 1801. 1806. 1808. 1825, 1873 f, 1928, 1931:7:2014, 2029, 2031-43, 2052 f, 2065-7,

Mas

Latrie, Gen., 1:206

;

3050 de Maud'huy, Gen. Louis (1857-1921), 1:149, 300; 2:385, 392; 3:651 f, 734; 9:2779, 2784,

2787

Maunoury, Gen. Joseph

M f

MacArthur, Brig.-Gen. Douglas, 9:2864, 2991 MacDonogh, Maj.-Gen. Sir G. (1865-1942), 4:1095; 6:1725, 1792; 9:2939

FM August von

(1849-1945), 1:236, 239, 309 ff, 2:455-63, 497; 3:853, 930, 945, 956, 957; 4:1082 f, 1099-1108, 1102, 1117; 5:1578; 6:1718-22;

;

8:2449; 9:2689; 10:3030. 3033 Sir

George (1869-1952), 4:1134; Macready, Gen. Sir Nevil, 8:2365; 11:3520-7 f

(1862-1930), 4:1050, 1058f, 1127-9; 5:1589 Maistre, Gen. Paul (1858-1922), 3:651 f; 8:2345; 9:2779, 2786, Neill,

f f

M Helmuth, Count

4:1212 Moltke, Gen.

(1865-1965), 2:627, 630;

5:1415

f;

7:2098

Oranovsky, Gen., 2:463 Orlov, Gen., 2:498, 547, 550 Oven, Gen. von, 1:137; 10:3166,

3221; 11:3471

Paar, Gen. Count Eduard (1837-1919), 1:105 Paget, Gen., 1:120

(1860-1929), 4:1059, 1130-6;

5:1368

f,

1629

Montgomery, Maj.-Gen. A. A.

Pakenham, Adm.

(1871-1947), 5:1537; 9:2664 Montuori, Gen., 7:2277;

C. (1861-1933), 2:624, 627;

8:2564

8:2367

Palitzine, Gen., 7:2143

f

Moore, Adm. Sir Archibald (1862-1934), 2:626, 632; 6:1774 Mordacq, Gen. Jean

9274&8, 2774 Maxse, Maj.-Gen.

Mudra, Gen. Bruno von

7:2249 Metzger, Gen. Josef (1870-1921), 9:2835 Meurer, Adm., 11:3450 Meyer, Gen. von, 2:539 Michel, Gen. Victor C. (1850-19?), 1:82, 86, 158 Micheler, Gen. Joseph (1861-1931), 7:2026 f, 2105 f, 2111-M. 2139; 9:2864 Mignoi Gen., 7:2134 Milne, J-Am. Sir Berkeley (1855-1938), 2:341-7; 4:1089

GUver, V.-Adm. Sir Henry

10:2949-57

6:1715-22 Moser, Lt.-Gen. Otto von, 8:2425-34

1300 f; 10:3052 Mazel, Gen., 6:1703; 7:2023, 2107-12 Mazillier, Gen., 7:2106 Melliss VC, Maj.-Gen. Sir Charles (1862-1936), 3:787 f; 4:1180; 5:1343 Mercer, Maj.-Gen. H. F., 7:2070 Merten Pasha, Adm. Hans (1857-1926), 3:729 Messimy, Gen. Adolphe

O

Money, Gen., 11:3315 Monro, Gen. Sir Charles

Maurice, Maj.-Gen. Sir Frederick (1871-1951), 2:589; 6:1876; 8:2365 f, 2560 f; Ivor, 4:1193;

f,

1166-73 passim, 1176 f; 5:1328, 1331, 1334, 1341 f Nollet, Gen. Charles (1865-1941), 5:1541, 1544 Northey, Brig.-Gen. E., 5:1374; 6:1757, 1761; 7:2318 f Nourisson, Gen., 8:2378 Novikov, Gen., 2:461 ff Nugent, Brig.-Gen. O., 4:1012 Nur-ud-Din, Gen., 4:1151 f, 1169, 1173, 1175 f; 5:1342; 6:1965

Helmuth von

(1848-1916), 1:31, 62, 64, 67, 81,85-8,96, 100, 120, 124-8, 132, 146-8, 161. 204, 213; at OHL, 22&8, 237, 249, 254, 270-2, 278 f, 286 f, 298, 307; 2:412, 475 /•, 579; 5:1621 Mombelli, Gen., 11:3479 Monash, Lt.-Gen. Sir John (1865-1931), 2:340; 7:2292; 8:2354, 2628; 9:2923;

(1868-1943), 9:2664, 2786, 2864; 10:3232 Morgen, Gen., 2:467 ff, 607;

(1869-1935), 1:146, 154, 204, 227, 283; 7:2026 f Metaxas, Gen. I. (1871-1941),

6:1883, 1974

F

(1800-91), 1:9, 80; 3:792;

(1847-1923), 1:152, 204-6, 222, 272-5, 287, 298; 2:579; 3:667 f

5:1506, 1537 Maxwell, Lt.-Gen. Sir John (1859-1929), 3:707, 710, 767, 773; 4:1059, 1064 f, 1068, 1132,

Maass, R.-Adm. L., 1:193 Mac Andrew, Maj.-Gen.,

3608

von

Sir F. S. (1864-1917), 6:1865-84, 1959 passim, 9:2757 f; 11:3311,

5:1632

11:3412 Malleson, Brig.-Gen., 5:1374 Mambretti, Lt.-Gen., 7:2276 Mangin, Gen. Charles

Moltke,

9:2880 Marcker, Gen. von, 10:3217; 11:3472 Marden, Maj.-Gen., 11:3481 Mari6, Maj.-Gen. G. Karl von, 3:898 Markov, Gen., 9:2669 Marshall, Lt.-Gen. Sir William (1865-1939), 6:1891 f, 1968, 1983; 9:2758-66 Martos, Gen., 1:238, 240, 244 Marwitz, Gen. Georg von der

Maude, Lt.-Gen.

(1853-1932), 2:475; 3:732;

2861 f Malcolm, Gen. Sir

J.-B.

10:2946

Lyncker, Gen. Moritz Frhr von

(1857-1924), 1:301, 304; ff; 3:666; 7:2106; 9:2864 Moehl, Gen. von, 10:3166

(1863-1934), 4:1029; 7:2107;

de

Nixon, Gen. Sir John (1857-1921), 2:450; 3:787; 4:1142-7, 1149, 1151 f, 1161

2:385

(1856-1929), 1:124, 204, 298-304; 2:597, 601; 5:1484, 1488; 8:2418 f, 2626; 9:2933;

(1854-1934), 1:116; 5:1550-4; 6:1874, 1913; 7:2023-5, 2256 Lyesh, Gen., 2:498, 551; 5:1483, 1574

Madden, Adm., 11:3453 Mahon, Gen. Sir Bryan

11:3352 Misic, Gen. Zinojin, 1:140; 2:489; 4:1099, 1102, 1114-18; 5:1653, 1656; 10:2981 Mitov, Gen., 4:1083 de Mitry, Gen. M. Henri

Marchand, Gen.

Lyautey, Marshal Louis

MacMunn, Maj.-Gen.

2125, 2134; 9:2807 f, 2861, 2879^1, 2932; 10:2949, 2956, 3195, 3233; 11:3498 Mannerheim, Gen. Baron Carl von (1867-1951), 9:2800; 11:3348 von, 3:871

2071, 2105, 2114, 2136. 2141, 2162, 2191, 2197; 8:2338, 2356, 2418 f, 2434, 2362 f, 2374, 2616-36; 9:2638-55, 2687-91, 2694-2700, 2702, 2778-90, 2806-15, 2861-71, 2876-80. 2919, 2924 f, 2928-36; \Q-2949-b&, 3021-8, 3045, 3080-5, 3091, 3094-8, 3133 f, 3232; 11:3346, 3412 f, 3469, 3472, 3476, 3514 Lukin, Brig.-Gen., 4:1068; 5:1613 f Lukomsky. Gen., 9:2668 f Luttwitz, Gen. Walther, Frhr von (1859-1942), 1:130; 5:1488; 11:3469-73 Lyakhov, Gen., 4:1309-13

Mackensen,

Milne, Lt.-Gen. Sir George (1866-1948). 5:1589, 1655 f; 7:2256-65; 10:2981, 2984;

Mantey, V.-Adm. Eberhard

;

10:3008

(1866-1925), 1:119, 126, 169, 204; 5:1360 f, 1544; 6:1680 f, 1705, 1736 f; 1-2023, 2106-14,

Adm. Georg von

(1854-1940), 2:636; 3:966; 7:2038, 2040 f; 10:3083 Murray, Gen. Sir Archibald (1860-1945), 1:120, 273; 4:1193; 6:1854-9, 1989-92; 8:2393, 2397;

10:3052

Muteau, Gen., 7:2111 Myshlaevsky, Gen., 2:500-2; 4:1154

N Nagel, Maj.-Gen. von, 7:2069

Nagy. Maj.-Gen.. 2:497 f Nahichevansky, Gen., 1:233 Napier. V.-Adm. Sir Trevylyan D. W. (1867-1920), 2:627; 8:2564 f Nava, Lt.-Gen. Luigi, 3:898 Nazarbekov, Gen., 4:1154 Nebolsin, Adm., 7:2102 Negrescu, Adm., 6:1720 Nerezov, Gen., 10:2982-5 Niessel, Gen., 10:3187 Nikic, Maj.-Gen., 2:496 f

2150, 2197

f,

2283-5

f

f;

4:1132 Passage, Gen., 7:2108, 2139 Patey, R.-Adm. Sir George, 2:336 f Paton, Adm., 6:1720 Patrick, Maj.-Gen. Mason, 10:2995 f Pau, Gen. Paul (1848-1932), 1:146 ff; 4:1098 PauUnier, Gen., 5:1544 Pavlov, Gen., 6:1982 Pecori-Giraldi, Gen. Count, 5:1456 f; 7:2276; 8:2368 PeUe, Gen., 6:1871; 7:2107

R.-Adm. Henry

B.,

(1867-1942), 2:631, 633 Penelon, Gen., 6:1910 Pennella, Gen., 9:2844 Percin, Gen., 9:2717

Pershing, Gen. John (1860-1948), 6:1798, 1821; 7:1993, 2010; 8:2778 f; 9:2805; 10:2945, 2956 f, 2962-9, 2994-6, f, 3134; 11:3528 Petain, Marshal Philippe (1856-1951), 1:204; 2:651 f; 3:848, 851, 853; 4:1024, 1245 f, 125&60; 5:1356-60, 1448, 1544; 6:1681, 1913; 7:2022, 2027, 2105, 2111-14, 2134,2138-41, 2197 f, 2285 f; 8:2342-7, 2362, 2630; 9:2655, 2663 f, 2695,

3044

Robert

(1856-1924), 5:1357, 1360, 1543 f; 6:1680-2, 1736 f, 1875 1913; 7:2022-7, 2049, 2105 f, 2111-4, 2124 f, 2138, 2144,

f

Pannewitz, Gen., 2:461 ff; 5:1515, 1528-34 Papadopov, Gen., 4:1083 Papoulas, Gen., 11:3486-9 Pappritz, Lt.-Gen., 2:612 f Paraskeropoulos, Gen., 11:3486 Paris, Maj.-Gen. Sir Archibald

Pelly.

Nivelle, Gen.

William

(1861-1937), 2:379; 3:767,

(1851-1931), 4:1259; 5:1357 Miiller,

Sir

f,

2779, 2805 f, 2861 f, 2923 f, 2936; 10:2945 f, 2956, 2964,

2969

6:1690; 7:2033, 2284-93; 8:2560; 9:2655, 2755, 2919, 2925, 2932;

Petala, Gen. 6:1720 Peter, Gen.

Archduke, 1:253

f, 3093f Razvoy, Gen., 6:1722 Reinhardt, Gen. Walther,

10:2946

5:1589 Peyton, Maj.-Gen. W. E., 4:1068 Pichler, Gen., 5:1458 Pierse, Adm. Sir Richard, 2:469 f; 3:922 Pilsudski, Marshal Josef Pettiti, Gen.,

11:3469-73

Rennenkampf, Gen. Paul K.

(1867-1935), 1:106; 2:473, 497, 550; 6:1830-4; 8:2463, 2580; 11:3338-42. 3349, 3410, 3422 f,

(1854-1918), 1:229-45,246, 252, 256; 2:455, 461-3 Reuter, Adm. von, 8:2564 f; 11:3451, 3453 f ReUter, Gen. von. 10:2984

3433f,343S

de

Plehve, Gen. (1850-1916),

(1847-1914), 2:349, 351 Ribarov, Gen., 4:1083, 1117 Rice. Gen. G. B. H.. 5:1328 Richthofen. Gen.. 1:126 Rimington. Brig.-Gen.. 5:1341

1:249-54; 2:455, 461

ff,

491-8,

603 Pleshkov, Gen., 4:1287-91 Plessen, Gen. Hans von (1841-1929), 1:64; 2:461; 7:2041

Plumer,

Rey, Gen. Jacobus

Roberts. Brig.-Gen.. 5:1330 f Roberts, Earl (1832-1914). 1:120; 2:591 f; 3:912; 4:1181, 1279; 5:1462 f; 10:3154 Sir William Robertson, (1860-1933), 1:34; 3:833; 4:1035, 1185, 1192 f, 1212, i2i7; 5:1366, 1464, 1497. 1589. 1629. 1648; 6:1686. 1871-6. 1881. 1889, 1896. 1965; 7:2023-5, 2256, 2288; 8:2333, 2375; 9:2663, 2740; 10:3052 di Robilant, Gen., 8:2375 f Robinson, Brig.-Gen., 4:1142 Rodman. R.-Adm.. 10:3059 Rohr. Gen.. 884. 5:1453 Romanovsky, Gen., 9:2668 Ronarch, Adm. Pierre

FM

FM Sir Herbert

(1857-1932), 2:625; 3:827-36, 927; 4:1212; 7:2284-93, 2300; 8-2330-8, 2351 f, 2359, 2377;

FM

9:2700; 10:3093, 3098; 11:3381 Pluskow, Gen., 2:461 ff Podgayersky, Gen., 9:2944 Pohl, Adm. Hugo von (1855-1916) 1:183; 2:636 f; 3:947; 4:1089; 5:1377, 1434

Pokrovsky, Gen., 5:1355 Polivanov, Gen. A. A. (1855-1920), 3:939-42; 5:1469-72 Poole, Brig.-Gen., 11:3496 Popovic, Gen., 4:1114; 6:1717 Popovici, Gen., 5:1600 Porro, Gen.. 8:2365 Posselt. Gen. von. 4:1264 Postovski. Gen., 1:1, 239 Potiorek, Gen. Oskar (1853-1933), 1:1. 6-7, 85. 140 2:482-9; 4:1099

la

f;

(1865-1940), 2:385. 388 Roques. Gen. Pierre

f,

396

(1856-1920), 1:153; 2:652. 657; 6:1707, 1811, 1874, 1912 f Roth, Gen., 2:493-8, 549-51;

2252, 2256-65; 10:2980 f Sauberzweig, Gen. von, 8:2626 Savinkov, Gen., 11:3447 Savov, Gen. 1:60 Schabel, Maj.-Gen.. 4:1246 Scheer, Adm. Reinhard (1863-1928). 1:183. 197; 2:637; 5:1377-9, 1382, 1395, 1398-1404, 1406 f, 1413-16, 1425-32, 1434. 1439. 1562. 1564; 6:1731-5; 7:2077. 2083, 2085, 2093, 2102-4, 2165; 8:2564; 10:3057-62. 3113; 11:3450 f Scheffer-Boyadel. Gen. Reinhard Frhr von (1851-1925), 2:461-5 Scheidemann. Gen., 2:455, 461-3, 491-7 passim Schenck, Gen., 1:153; 4:1252 Scheuch, Lt.-Gen. Heinrich (1864-19?), 3:675

Scheuchenstuel, Gen. Count (1857-1938), 4:1099; 9:2834 Schlieffen, Alfred Count von (1833-1913), 1:19, 30 f, 80 247 f, 312; 2:455, 583, 600 Schmettow, Gen. Count von, 6:1717, 1721; 9:2784, 2864

FM

f,

Schmidt, V.-Adm. Ehrhardt, 3:951; 7:2104

Schmidt von Knobelsdorf, Gen. (1866-1936). 4:1214. 1245 f, 1254 f. 1260; 5:1357. 1360 f, 1540. 1543 Scholtz. Gen. Friedrich von (1851-1927), 1:238; 2:461-5; 4:1291; 6:1939; 10:2982-6 Schroder, Adm. L. von, 7:2077

Schubert, Gen. Richard von

Praporgescu. Gen.. 6:1720 Prittwitz und Gaffron. Gen.

5:1453 Rothmaler, Gen. von, see

(1850-1933), 1;307 f Schussler, Gen. Von.. 7:2108 Scott. Gen. Hugh (1853-1934).

Max von (1848-1929),

Einem

6:1824

Rozenshield-Paulin, Gen., 1:236 Ruffey, Gen. Pierce (1851-19?), 1:152 f, 204, 278 Rupprecht, Crown Prince of Bavaria (1869-1955), 1:86, 88. 148. 228, 278; 2:385-9, 394; 3:842, 848, 852; 4:1025, 1214, 1258; 5:1632; 7:2029-37, 2065, 2069. 2289 f; 8:2419; 9:2861; 10:3084 Ruzsky. Gen. Nikolai V. (1854-1918), 1:245, 249; 2:455-63 passim, 546-7, 594 f, 602-7; 6:1936; 8:2449 Ryrie, Brig.-Gen., 10:3005

Scott. Adm. Sir Percy (1853-1924). 1:176; 3:991;

1:229-39,

308 Pritzelwitz, Gen., 1:152

f

Przevalsky, Gen., 2:502; 4:1264 Puhallo, Gen., 5:1479. 1487 Pulteney, Lt.-Gen. Sir William (1861-1941), 1:303 f; 2:385, 392; 5:1636; 8:2418 Putnik, Rodomir (1847-1917), 1:140 f; 2:482-9; 4:1094, 1099,1103, 1105-8,

FM

1118f Putz, Gen., 3:662, 828-35

Q Quast, Gen. Ferdinand von (1850-19?), 1:126; 5:1534

R Raddatz, Gen., 6:1982 Radko-Dmitriev, Gen. (1859-19?), 2:491-8, 546-51;

3:931; 6:1936

Ragoza, Gen., 4:1288 f Rashich, Gen., 1:142-4 Rauch, Gen. von, 9:2941 Rawling, Brig.-Gen., 5:1534 Rawlinson, Gen. Sir Henry (1864-1925), 1:302, 304; 2:381, 385, 387; 3:741 f, 927; 4:1032, 1050, 1096, 1185, 1219; 5:1492, 1497-99, 1514, 1516, 1528 f, 1533-7, 1602, 1608, 1631-7;

FM

7:2181 Seeckt, Gen.

Hans von

(1866-1936). 3:930 f. 945, 957; 4:1102; 5:1488; 6:1719;

11:3469-73 Selivanov, Gen., 2:491, 497,

620 de SeUiers de Moranville, Gen. A., 1:124, 135 Ser6 de Rivieres, Gen. R.. 4:1246 Sergei Michailovich, Gen. the

Grand Duke

MILITARY COMMANDERS Sims. R.-Adm.. William (1858-1936), 7:2004. 2091;

8:2536 Sirelius. Gen..

4:1288

Sitwell. Brig.-Gen.

W.

H.,

4:1140 Sixt von Armin, Gen. F. (1851-1936), 1:127; 5:1537, 1602, 1618; 7:2293 Slussarenko, Gen., 2:463

Smekal, Maj.-Gen., 2:498 Smimov, Gen.. 4:1288 Smith-Dorrien. Gen. Sir

Horace (1858-1930), 1:164. 169, 210 f, 220-22, 261, 269, 302-5; 2:385, 388, 392-4; trench 3:734 f, 740-3, 827-33, 837;

4:1216; 5:1374

f

Smuts, Gen. Jan (1870-1950). 2:348-53; 3:867; 5:1376; 6:1757-63; 7:2164. 2181. 2289. 2318-23; 8:2559, 2575; 9:2740 f, 2802; 10:3052, 3209, 3229; 11:3271, 3315, 5520, 3335 f, 3368, 3373, 3456, 3465 Smyth, Maj.-Gen., 7:2153 Snijders, Lt.-Gen. C. J., 2:367 Snow, Lt.-Gen. Sir Thomas (1858-1940), 3:830 f; 5:1514; 7:2064, 2191 Socec, Gen., %:1722 Sordet. Gen. Jean (1852-1929), 1:126-7. 158, 162

Souchon. Adm. Wilhelm (1864-1933). 2:342-7, 469; 5:1566; 6:1786 Spears, Hon. Brig.-Gen. Edward (b. 1886), 1:159. 162, 204-6, 215, 298 f; 4:1094 f; 6:1876; 7:2022, 2025, 2139 Spec, V.-Adm. Graf von (1861-1914), 1:185; 2:321. 336-40, 416, 510, 512, 520-36, 637; 3:870 Staabs, Gen., 6:1717-22 Stefanik, Gen., 10:3088 Stein, Gen. Hermann von (1854-1927), 1:226-8; 5:1528. 1533; 7:2043 Stepanovic, Stepa, 1:142-4; 2:486-8; 4:1100. 1114 f. 1118 Steuben, Gen. Kuno von, 1:153; 10:2982-5 Stewart, Brig.-Gen. J. M., 2:359; 5:1372. 1375

FM

Stoddard. V.-Adm. Archibald

(1869-1918),

5:1472

(1860-1939). 2:520. 524. 535

S

Serret. Gen.. 3:662; 6:1701

Said Bey, Gen. AU, 5:1548 Sakharov, Gen. V. V. (1853-19?), 5:1478 f, 1574; 6:1929 Salmond, Maj.-Gen. W. G. H. (1878-1933), 9:2661

Shcherbachev, Gen., 2:498; 5:1478, 1574; 6:1720 Shepphard, Maj.-Gen., 5:1376

3:872 Stopford. Gen. Sir Frederick (1854-1929). 4:1050. 1052.

Seymour, Adm., 1:196

Salza, Gen., 1:249

Samsonov, Gen. Alexander (1859-1914), 1:229-41, 246; 2:461 Sarrail,

Gen. Maurice

(1856-1929). 1:152, 204, 278; 2:579; 3:652, 667, 984; 4:1026, 1059. 1105 f, 1115, 1117, 1127-9, 1245;5:1583-90,

1648-56; 6:1910-13; 7:2022,

Shevket Pasha, Gen.

Mahmud

(1855-1913), 2:398; 6:1908,

1982-4 Shoubridge, Maj.-Gen., 7:2153 Shute, Lt.-Gen.. 10:3099 Shuvalov. Gen., 2:463 Shuvayev, Gen. D. S. (1854-19?), 5:1472 Sidorin, Gen., 2:455. 463 Sievers, Gen., 2:455, 600.

603

607 Sikorski. Gen.

11:3340

W.

(1881-1943).

f.

f;

1056-9, 1140 Strantz, Gen. Hermann von. 1:152 Sturdee, Adm. Sir Frederick (1859-1925). 2:370-2. 520-33. 536

Sukhomlinov, Gen. V. (1848-1926), 1:21; 3:938 4:1211; 5:1469 f; 6:7957

f;

Swinton. Maj.-Gen. Sir Ernest (1868-1951), 2:581; 3:759 f; 4:1185; 5:1638-44; 6:1790;

8:2420 Szombathelyi. Gen. Bela, 11:3272 Szurmay, Gen.. 2:595; 5:1480

3609

MILITARY COMMANDERS

Tabouis. Gen.. 9:2939

Tsurikov, Gen., 2:498. 547, 551 Tumanov. Gen. Prince N. E. (1844-19?). 2:497 f Turner. Gen., 10:3224 Tyrwhitt, R.-Adm. Sir

Reginald (1870-1951), 1:188-90; f, 622. 627. 632; 5: 1377 f; 6:1730-3; 7:2301, 2304; 9:2722

Tappen. Lt.-Gen. Gerhard

2:370

(1866-19?). 1:226-8; 2:609;

4:1245:5:1533 Tersztvanskv. Gen. (1854-1921). 1:142-4; 2:595 4:1488; 8:2452 f

U

f;

Thursbv. Adm. Sir Cecil (1861-1936). 3:771.924 Tighe Brig.-Gen.. 2:360; 5:1372. 1374 f Tirpitz, Gross Adm. Alfred von (1849-1930). 1:42, 44, 46-8,

d'Urbal, Gen. Victor (1858-1943), 2:387 f. 394; 3:666. 847 f. 851-3; 4:1024 f, 1031

Usedom. Adm. Guido von (1854-1925). 3:729

f

52.64. 121. i97. 226; 2:414,

636 f; 3:680. 688, 799. 922; 5:1562; 6:1805 f; 11:3469, 3514 Todorov, Gen.. 1:55; 4:1083. 1104; 10:2985 Togo. Adm. (1847-1934), 2:314 ToUen. Gen.. 2:380 Tombeur, Maj.-Gen., 6:1757, 1760 Toscheff, Lt.-Gen., 5:1598 Toshev, Gen., 1083, 6:1718

Townshend, Maj.-Gen.

Sir

Charles (1861-1924), 2:450-1,; 4:1145, 1147-52, 1167-80; 5:1328. 1331, 1334, 1340-7; 6:1780, 1787; 10:3056

Trenchard, Air Marshal

Hugh

(1873-1956), 1:72; 5:1442; 6:1868; 7:2124, 2126, 2131, 2188; 9:2738-41, 2851-6;

2:622-4;

(1860-1927), 7:2005, 2010; 11:3401, 3528

Watanabe, Maj.-Gen., 2:322 Watson, Brig.-Gen., 3:710 Watson, Gen., 11:3315 Watson, Maj.-Gen. D., 7:2072 Watter, Gen. von der, 8:2420 Weber, Gen., 3:902 f Weber von Webenau, Gen.,

Woyrsch, Gen. Remus von

4:1240

Wurm, Gen. Wenzul

f

Wellman, Maj.-Gen., 5:1605 f Wemyss, Adm. Sir Rosslyn (1864-1933), 3:725, 765 f, 768,

WooUcombe, Lt.-Gen. Sir Charles, 8:2418, 2425-35 (1847-1920), 1:307, 311; 2:457,

492-8 passtm; 3:960 ff Wrangel, Gen., 11:3439, 3498 (1859-1921), 3:898; 9:2839

912; 4:1132, 1136; 7:2098 f, 2305; 8:2397, 2567; 10:3134,

Yamada, Maj.-Gen., 2:321-9

3193 de Wet, Gen. Christiaan

Yamanashi, Maj.-Gen., 2:321 Yanushkevich, Gen. Nicolai (1868-1918), 1:245, 457; 3:938

Weygand, Gen. Maxime

6:1957

287 Valeanu, Gen., 6:1718 Valentin. Gen.. 6:1793 des Vallieres. Gen.. 3:650; 9:2785 Van Deventer, Lt.-Gen. Jacob (1874-1922), 5:1374; 6:1757 f; 8:2320 f; 10:3108-11 Varnev, Gen.. 4:1083 VassiUev, Gen.. 2:463 ff Vehip Pasha. Gen.. 4:1308 Vesovic. Gen. Radomir. 4:1241 Voloshinov-Petrichenko. Gen.. 4:1264 von Donop. Gen.. 4:1187 Vorobyev, Gen., 4:1262 f

(1867-1967), 7:2138 f, 8:2377; 9:2662-4, 2814; 11:3410 f, 3431

Waldstatten, Maj.-Gen., 9:2834 Walker, Gen., 3:906; 4:1051, 1053 Wallace, Maj.-Gen. A., 4:1065-8 Wapshare, Maj.-Gen. R.,

4:1086-8 Trukhin, Gen., 4:1155 Tschurtschen thaler. Gen., 2:497 f

George (1860-1917), 5:1416

10:3136 de Witte, Gen., 1:126 Wood, Maj.-Gen. Leonard

(1854-1922), 2:351; 7:2216

Waencker, Gen., 2:464 Wahle, Maj.-Gen., 2:359; 6:1760; 7:2320; 10:3108, 3112 Waldersee, FM Alfred Count von (1832-1904), 2:475 Waldersee, Gen. von, 1:62, 64, 237

Ernest (1862-1926), 2:341-7;

Warrender, V.-Adm. Sir

Vaitoianu. Gen., 6:1718 Valabr^gue, Gen., 1:127, 220,

W

11:3481 Trevino, Gen. Jacinto, 6:1821 Tricornot de Rose, Cdmt. (k. 1916). 4:1001; 5:1448 TroUmann. Gen.. 4:1099 Trotha. Gen. von. 2:358 Trotha. V.-Adm. Adolf von (1868-1940), 10:3114 Troubridge. V.-Adm. Sir

5:1372, 1374

Younghusband, Gen.

Sir G.,

White, Maj.-Gen., 7:2146

5:1328-31, 1334, 1549 Yourishich-Sturm, Gen., see

Wild von Hohenborn, Gen.

Jurisic-Sturm

Adolf (1860-1925), 2:600; 3:966 Willcocks, Gen. Sir James

Yuan

(1857-1926), 3:742

2:316; 3:976-9; 4:1036-40; 11:3281, 3286

Wilson,

Adm.

Sir

Arthur

(1842-1921), 1:182; 2:626-30;

5:1415

f

WUson, Maj.-Gen. H. 3:836 Wilson,

F.

M.

f;

Shih-kio, Gen. and President of China (1859-1916),

Yudenich, Gen. Nicolai (1862-1933), 2:500-2; 4:1154 1262 f, 1308-13; 10:3050 f; 11:3348

f,

f,

3438, 3498

FM Sir Henry

(1864-1922), 1:82-4,86, 120, 164, 204-6, 274; 2:392; 3:713,

848; 4:1018; 5:1366-9; 6:1937; 7:2025, 2069, 2289; 8:2334, 2377, 2559 f; 9:2655, 2696, 2752; 10:2957, 2981, 3227 Wilson, Lt.-Gen. Sir Henry M.,

Zankeievitch, Gen., 7:2144 Zayonchkovski, Gen., 5:1576 6:1715, 1720, 1927 Zeligowski, Gen. Lucian

7:2257

Zenker,

f

f;

(1865-1947), 11:3349

Adm. Hans

Wimberley, Maj.-Gen.

(1870-1932), 2:637

Douglas, 8:2350-4 Winckler, Gen. A. von

Zhekov, Gen. N., 4:1081, 1083, 1104 Zhostov, Gen., 4:1083 Zivkovic, Gen. P., 4:1102, 1108, 1115-17; 5:1590 Zottu, Gen., 5:1597 Zuyev, Gen., 3:939 Zwehl, Gen., 1:1, 287; 4:1252, 1254 f; 5:1357

(1856-19?), 4:1099; 5:1656;

9:2784

Wingate, Gen. Sir Francis Reginald (1861-1953), 3:707; 5:1518, 1522, 1524; 8:2393 2397 f; 11:3297, 3326 f Winterfeld, Gen. von der.

f,

STATESMEN AND SIGNIFICANT INDIVIDUALS Abbas

Adler, Friedrich (1879-1960), 6:1677 Aehrenthal, Count von, 1:105

3:707; 5:1463

2:434

Abd

Ahmed, Shah

II, Hilmi Pasha, Khedive (1874-1944), 2:400;

Aga Khan

el Kadr, 10:3015 Abd-el-Krim (1882-1903). 1:24 Abdul Hamid II, Sultan

(1842-1918), 2:398; 5:1520 6:1786, 1907; 11:3353

AbduUa

ibn-Hussein,

of Persia (1898-1930), 4:1157 Ahmed esh-Sherif-es-Senusi, Sheik Sidi (1872-1933), 3:707; 4:1062, 1064-7 Alain-Fournier, Henri (1886-1914), 6:1843 Albert, King of the Belgians (1875-1934), 1:109, 124-30, 135; 2:376-80, 387; 6:1879; 10:3093,

f;

Amir

of

Trans-Jordan (1882-1951), 5:1518 f, 1521 f; 8:2393 f; 11:3317,3319 Abdul-Mejid, Caliph (1868-1944), 11:3355 Achmed, Capt., 4:1061 Addison, Capt., 4:1122

3098 f.

1064

f

f

Addison, Christopher, 6:1751 9:2774; 10:3149

3610

III (1877-1957),

f;

Albert, Dr. Heinrich, 4:1005-8 Albert, Karl, 6:1807 f Albertini, Luigi (1871-1941), 1:89; 3:875; 11:3508

Aldebert, Col., 1:126 d'Alencon, Col., 5:1360 Alexander, Crown Prince of Serbia, 4:1115, 1118; 5:1582, 1586, 1589 f; 10:2981 Alexander, King of the Hellenes, 11:3485

Alexandra Feodorovna, Tsarina (1872-1918), 1:29, 98; 3:940f, 944, 974 f; 4:1211; 5:1470-2. 1580; 6:1914-21, 1937; 9:2898 f Alexandrovich. 9:2895 Alexei. Tsarevich (1904-18), 6:1915, 1921; 9-2898-2901

Al Faruqi. 5:1523 Alfonso XIII. King of Spain (1886-1941). 6:1799; 10:2976 Ali Haider. Sherif. 5:1525 Ali ibn-Hussein (1878-1935).

5:1521; 8:2394 Ali Ishan Pasha. 6:1908. 1974 f. 1982-4; 9:2762 f Alison, Lt.-Cdr. R. V., 5:1413 Allanson, Major, 4:1056-8 Allen. Lt. C. H., 10:3062 Allen. Clifford. 4:1284 f; 7:2207-9 Allen. Cdr. W. L.. 5:1406. 1408 Almeida, Dr. A. J. de, 4:1274 f Altshiller, 1:21

Alvensleben, Count. 4:1106

Amanullah Khan, 5:1546; 11:3304

f

Amery, Leo (1873-1955),

1:120;

9:2664; 11:3336

Amette, Mgr., Archbishop of Paris. 1:282

Amin. Muhammed. 6:1974 ff Anastasia, Grand Duchess,

9:2901

Anazeh, 10:3005 Anderson, Capt., 3:695 Anderson, W. C, 7:2205 f Andrade, Prof. F. de, 4:1274 Andr6ssy, Count Gyula (1860-1929), 10:3087 Andr6, consul, 9:2942 Andrew, Prince, 11:3488

f

Andrien, 9:2720 Angell,

Norman, 9:2858, 2860

d'Annunzio, Gabriele (1863-1938), 3:881; 9:2850; 11:3257, 3280 Antonov-Ovseyenko, V. A. (1884-1938), 8:2471 f, 2485;

9:2673

Aonzo, Lt., 10:3074 Apis, Col., see Dimitrijevic-

Apis Apollinaire, Guillaume,

6:1837-41

Apponyi, Count Albert (1846-1933). 6:1677

Arabi Pasha, Col. (18417-1911), 3:707 Aralov, 9:2944 Archibald, James, 4:1008 Arco auf VaUey, Anton Count von, 10:3165

Armenians, 3:732; 5:1322-7, 1521; 11:3363 f Arriaga, President Dr. Manoel de (1842-1917), 2:366 f Artamanov, Gen., 1:244 Asker, Khalifa ben, 5:1553 f Askeri, Lt.-Col. Suleiman, 3:781, 787 f Aspinall, Capt., 4:1057 Aspinall, Col., 4:1134 Asquith, Cynthia, 6:1842;

10:3243 Asquith, Herbert (1852-1928), 1:44, 52, 108 ff; 2:405 f; 3:672, 678, 702 f, 713-5, 717, 760, 877; 4:1014, 1059, 1129, 1185, 1192, 1216 f, 1279-84, 1300 f; 5:1462-4; 6:1750-5, 1798, 1871 f; 9:2884-8; 10:3051, 3148-50; 11:3373 Asquith, Mrs. Margo, 4:1018;

6:1750 Ataturk, see Kemal

Auda, Abu Tayi, 10:3014, 3017 Auer, Erhard, 10:3162, 3165 Avarna, Giuseppe, Duke of, 3:876, 881

Avdeyev, 9:2900 Axeh-od, P. B. (1850-1928), 6:1946, 1963; 10:3165-8

B Bailey, 7:2213

f

Baker, Newton, 9:2910; 10:2969, 3102

f

Ray S., 11:3286, 3368 Bakhmetiev, Boris, 8:2548 Baldwin, Stanley, 10:3150;

Baker,

11:3482 Balfour, Arthur, Earl (1848-1930), 2:407; 3:713; 4:1226 f; 5:1414; 6:1735; 7:2016, 2094, 2316; 8:2406-12; 9:2774, 2802, 2940 f; 10:3149, 3207 f;

11:3297 f, 3334 f, 3340, 3460, 3495, 3508, 3511 Ball, Capt. Albert (1896-1917),

5:1444; 6:1864; 7:2125-7, 2175, 2179, 2222-5 BalUn, Albert (1857-1918), 1:44; 7:2042; 10:3027 f Ballodi, Col., 10:3187

Banbury, Sir

F.,

9:2887

Baptista, Major R., 4:1275 Barclay, Sir George, 5:1592 Barclay, Sir Thomas (1853-1941), 1:37 Bar6s, Cmdt., 4:997 Baring, Sir Godfrey, 9:2747 Baring, Capt. Maurice (1874-1945), 2:540; 5:1449 Barker, Capt., 2:363

Barnes, George, 10:3150 Barr^re, Camille, 3:876 Barr^s, Maurice (1862-1923), 1:281; 2:405; 4:1258; 6:1711; 10:3234 Bartenbach, Capt., 7:2077 Barter, CSM, 3:857 Barth, Emil, 10:3120-5, 3172 Barthou, Louis, 9:2718 Baruch, Bernard, 9:2907; 11:3396, 3474 Batocki, Adolf von, 5:1627 Baucq, Philippe, 3:802, 804 Bauer, Gustav, 8:2614; 10:3221; 11:3369, 3469 f Bauer, Capt. Hermann (1875-19?), 7:2077, 2083 f Bauer, Col. Max (1869-1929), 1:278; 3:676; 4:1245 f; 7:2029, 2041 f; 10:3027; 11:3469 Baumstark, Capt., 2:360 Bax-Ironside, Sir Henry (1859-1929), 4:1073 Bean, C. E. W., 4:1042 Beaverbrook, Lord (1879-1964), 4:1190:6:1750, 1752; 8:2561 Becker, Lydia, 9:2884 Beech, 1/c, 3:905 Beer, George, 11:3374 Belfield, Sir Henry, 2:358 f Bell, Dr., 11:3376, 3474 Bell, Gertrude (1868-1926), 2:401

Gordon, 1:264; 5:1445 Benckendorff, Count, 2:406; 5:1464 Benedict, XV, Pope (1854-1922), 3:875:8:2611; 10:3066 Benes, Dr. Eduard (1884-1948), 6:1676; 7:2156 f; 9:2681, 2942 f; 10:3087; 11:3261-5, 3411 Bennett, Arnold (1867-1931), 2:566 Benningsen, Rudolf von, 2:416 Bentinck, Count, 10:3131 Bentivegni, Capt. Richard von, 7:2164 f; 9:2851 Berchtold, Leopold, Count von Bell,

(1863-1942), 1:60, 62, 64, 67, 105; 3:874, 876

Berendt, Col., 4:1100 Berg, Lt., 6:1774 Berg, F. W. von, 10:3128 BergdoU, Grover C, 9:2904

Bermondt-Avalov,

Col. Prince,

10:3187 Berndt, 5:1479 Bernstein, Eduard, 8:2611 Bernstorff, Count von (1862-1939), 4:1005, 1008; 6:1799-1801, 1807; 7:2014, 2212 Berthold, Capt., 10:3188

STATESMEN

Bertie, Sir Francis (1844-1919), 3'789 Berzin, 8:2471 f

Bethmann-Hollweg, Theobald von (1856-1921), 1:34, 38, 44, 46, 62, 64, 67, 100, 104 f, 226; 2:407, 412 ff, 461, 566, 600, 636 f, 641; 3:679, 798, 839-42,

956; 4:989, 1199, 1225 f; 5:1562, 1564, 1621, 1628; 6:1799-1808, 1833, 1873 f, 1879; 7:2014-16, 2038-43,

2084 f Bewsher, Capt. Paul, 7:2238-41 Beyers, 2:351 Bicherakov, Col., 9:2766 f Bienvenu-Martin, 1:65 BiUings, Dr. Frank, 6:1962 Binding, Rudolf, 3:754 Birrell,

Augustine (1850-1933),

4:1297 Bischoff, Major, 10:3184

f,

3187 Bishop VC, Major William (1894-1956), 7:2126 f, 2219-21 Bismarck, Otto, Prince von (1815-98), 1:9-19, 24, 33, 37, 80; 2:398, 473; 3:876; 10:3249; 11:3265, 3333 Bissolati, Leonida, 11:3253-7

Blackwood, Col, 11:3496 Blavatsky,

M.

Madame, 6:1915

3:753:4:1181 Bloem, Capt. Walther, 1:171 f, 258 f; 3:792, 797 Bloch,

I. S.,

Blunt, Capt., 1:190 Bobrinski, Count Vladimir, 2:473 Bock, Col. von, 2:359; 6:1758 Bocker, Lt. Alois, 5:1434, 1437; 6:1741-3 Bodkin, Mr., 4:1284 f Boelcke, Capt. Oswald (1891-1917), 4:1000, 1259; 5:1358, 1442-9; 6:1863 f; 7:2124 f, 2129, 2170-5 Boell, Lt., 2:359 BolUng, Major R., 10:2992 Bolo Pasha, 9:2718 Bonham-Carter, Capt. M., 1:264 Bonsai, Stephen, 11:3288 Bopp, Col., 6:1908 Borah, WilUam, 11:3394, 3506 Borden, Sir Frederick, 3:818,

820 Borden, Sir Robert (1854-1937), 3:818, 820 Bordes, Capt., 9:2939, 2944 Boris, Crown Prince of Bulgaria, 6:1721 Bosch, Dr Robert (1861-1942),

3:676:5:1622

Brandeis, Louis, 11:3404 Brandenburg, Capt. Ernst, 7:2162 f Brandis, Capt. von, 4:1273 Brand- Whitlock, 6:1877 f Bratianu, Ion (1864-1927), 4:1072, 1075; 5:1586, 1591-4; 6:1720, 1725; 10:3029-37; 11:3279, 3360-2 Braun, Otto, 6:1843; 8:2613; 10:3117 Braun, von, 10:3195 Braunthal, Julius, 7:2205 Breithaupt, Cdr. J.. 4:991-3; 5:1434, 1438 Bremond, Col. E., 8:2397 Brentano, Prof. Ludwig (1844-1931). 2:568 Breshko-Breshkovskaya, Y. K. (1844-1934), 6:1940 Breton, J. L., 7:2116 Briand, Aristide (1862-1932), 1:283 f; 4:1305, 1227, 1256, 1286; 5:1498, 1500. 1648; 6:1706 f. 1800. 1871. 1874, 1902-5, 1911, 1913; 7:2022-6, 2137. 2159. 2256; 8:2575; 9:2718; 11:3508 Brillie. 7:2116-18. 2121 Brinckmann, Col.. 1:126 Brissel. Mr., 6:1782 Brisset, Lt.-Col., 2:364; 4:1316 Brizon, 6:1712 Brocard, Cmdt., 4:1001. 1258; 5:1448 Brockdorff-Rantzau. Count Ulrich von (1869-1928). 10:3125. 3221; 11:3367-9, 3412 Brockway, Fenner, 4:1284 f Brodie. C. G.. 3:916 Brodie. Lt.-Cdr. T. S., 3:916 Bronsart von Schellendorf, Col.. 5:1632 Brooke. Lt. Rupert (1887-1915). 3:768; 6:1836-40; 10:3240 de Broqueville. Baron (1860-1940), 1:124; 2:377 Brownlow, Col., 3:824 Bruce-Lockhart, Sir Robert. 9:2940-4 Bruchmuller. Col.. 4:1291; 8:2624 f; 9:2784. 2813 Bruning. Lt. Heinrich. 10:3026; 11:3515 Brunton. Capt. C. D.. 11:3318 Bryan VC. Pte, 7:2054

Bryan. William Jennings (1860-1925), 3:700-4; 4:1004-6.

1224:7:1994. 1998

Boselli, Paolo, 6:1660. 1671;

1206 2009

11:3253 Bossut. 7:2108 Botkin, Dr, 9:2900 Bottomley, Horatio

Bryant, Lt.-Col. F. C, 2:362-4 Bryce. Viscount (1838-1922), 3:790 Bubnov. 8:2470 f

f.

f,

f

John

(1860-1933), 3:799; 6:1752;

Buchan.

9:2776 Boucherie, Col.; 10:3159 Bourbon-Busset, 10:3137 Bourgeois, Leon, 10:3232; 11:3373 Bowen-Colthurst, Capt., 4:1300 Bowhill, Lt.-Col. F. W., 10:3020 Boy-Ed, Capt. Karl, 4:1005-8 Boyle VC, Cdr. E. C, 3:916-19

(1875-1940). 3:799:4:1070.

Lt.-Col.

1096:6:1689 Buchanan, Sir George (1865-1940), 6:1881

Buchanan,

Sir

C.

f

George W.

(1854-1924), 1:98 f; 3:717. 942. 944; 6:1937. 1948. 1958 f. 1962;

7:2207

Budenny,

S.

M., 11:3429

3611

STA TESMEN

Chamberlain, George 7:2010; 10:3102

Chamberlain, Buinet. Capt.. 4:2944 Buisson. F.. 1:281 Bukharin. N. I.. 9:2891 Biilow, Bernard Prince von (1849-1929). 1:8. 19. 42. 44;

8:2409

J.

Comus.Cpl, 4:1045 Connaught, The Duke

E.,

f

Austen

3:818; 11:3305 Connell, John, 4:1095

(1863-1937), 4:1145; 6:1752;

f

Connolly, James (1870-1916), 4:1294, 1300 f, 1305 Conradi. Lt., 2:612 Conrad, Capt., 2:540 Constantine, King of Greece

11:3479 Chamberlain, Joseph (1836-1914), 2:349; 3:820;

Emperor

of,

2:412:3:876.880

Charles,

Burian. Count Stephen von (1851-1922). 3:876. 881; 5:1453; 9:2689; 10:3023. 3087 Burke. Frank. 4:1007 Burleson. PMG. 10:3207 Burns. John E. (1858-1943), 1:109 Busche. Lt.-Cdr. J.. 2:528

Hungary, see Karl Charteris, Col. John (1877-1946), 1:120, 215 f; 3:743, 758; 5:1629; 8:2418, 2425

Chaubds, 7:2108 Cheetham, Sir Milne

2:336

Bussche-Haddehausen. von dem. 9:2800

(1869-1938), 3:707

Coolidge, Calvin, 11:3401-5,

Butler. Nicholas, 9:2905

Byrnes, James, 11:3404 Byron, Col. The Hon. J., 5:1376

Cabrinovic, Nedeljko, 1:3, 5, 7 Caillaux, Joseph (1863-1944) and Mme., 1:114; 4:1197 f; 7:2137; 9:2716 CaldweU, consul, 9:2941 Calles, Plutarco, 6:1814 Clamette, Gaston (1858-1914), 1:114 Calthrop, R. E., 7:2131 f Camacho, Dr. B., 4:1274 Cambon, Jules (1845-1935), 4:1227; 6:1900-5 Cambon, Paul (1843-1924), 1:19; 2:406; 5:1517; 6:1798 Came, Lt.-Col. J. A., 3:830 Candler, E.. 6:1891, 1898 f Caproni, Gianni, 9:2850 Capus, Alfred (1858-1922), 1:284 Carey, Lt. G. V., 4:1012

King of Rumania (1839-1914), 4:1072; 5:1591 Carp, Petru, 5:1594; 10:3029 Carol,

Carranza, Venustiano, President of Mexico (1859-1920), 6:1814-24; 7:1993,

2016 Carson, Sir

Edward

(1854-1935), 6:1752; 7:2094, 2098, 2212, 2216; 8:2542 f, 2574; 9:2774, 2885 Cartwright, H. A., 3:806-9

Casement, Sir Roger (1864-1916), 4:1296

f,

2209,

2212-16 Cassel, Sir Ernest (1852-1921), 1:44 f Catt, Mrs. Carrie Chapman,

11:3418 Caulfield, Capt., 2:360

Cave, Sir George, 10:3149 CaveU, Edith (1865-1915), 3:797, 801-4 Cavallero, Col.

Count Ugo,

10:3066 Cavotti, Lt., 1:71

Ceannt, Eamonn, 4:1300, 1305 Cecek, Stanislav, 9:2679 CecU, Lord Robert (1864-1958), 6:1752; 9:2887, 2940, 2942; 10:3195, 3208

Chabners, Lt.

3612

W.

S.,

5:1394

of Austria-

Chastenet.

J., 1:284 Ch^telain, 2:540

Cookson, Lt.-Cdr., 4:1152

Chelmsford, Viscount, 11:3307 Chenot, Sergt.-Major, 4:1267, 1273 Chernov, V. M. (1876-1952), 6:1830 f; 9:2890 Chicherin, G. V. (1872-1936). 7:2209; 9:2803, 2944 Childers, Major Robert Erskine (1870-1922), 2:591 Chinda, Sutemi, 9:2940; 11:3288-91 Chow Tse-tsung, Prof. 11:3286 Christian X, King of Denmark (1870-1947), 2:368 Churchill, Winston (1874-1965), 1:45-6, 52, 108 ff, 181, 192, 196, 268 f; 2:343-7, 370-2, 379 f, 442 f, 520 f, 536, 563, 566, 573, 625, 626, 630, 632 f; 3:713-15, 717, 721, 723 f, 758, 760, 763, 912; 4:1035, 1059, 1089, 1130-2, 1138 f, 1157, 1185, 1189 f, 1256; 5:1360, 1415 f, 1425, 1463, 1639 f; 6:1836; 7:2248; 9:2738 f, 2774 f, 2885; 10:2949, 3022, 3056, 3080, 3084, 3147, 3150, 3209, 3227; 11:3319, 3366, 3479-82, 3484, 3488 Churin, 2:463

Clam-Martinic, Count (1863-1932), 6:1827 Clarke, Sir George, Baron Sydenham (1848-1933), 1:82; 3:713; 4:1282 Class, Heinrich (1868-1953), 2:413 Claudel, Paul, 3:874

Clemenceau, Georges (1841-1929), 1:114, 283

Baron

& Baroness,

2:364 Collie

,

Robert. 1:71

Collins,

Michael (1890-1922),

4:1300,

l.'^04;

11:3520-7

3531

(1856-1921), 1:64; 2:414, 573;

Corbel. Col., 11:3495 Corbett, Sir Julian, 3:713;

5:1626 Delbruck, Hans (1848-1929), 3:839 f Delcasse, Theophile

4:1059

Comwell VC, John

T., 5:1398 Costa. Prof. A., 4:1274 f Cottin, Pierre, 11:3366 Cotton, Major, 3:824 Cowdray, Lord, 9:2740 f Cowley, Lt.-Cdr., 5:1339 Cox, Sir Percy (1864-1937), 2:449; 5:1343; 6:1981; 11:3313 Crailsheim, Capt. von, 4:1319 f Crane, R., 11:3316 Creel, George, 9:2903 f Crespi, 11:3255 f Crewe, Marquis of (1858-1945), 2:442; 4:1143 f Croft, Lt.-Col. W. D., 7:2056 f Crooke, Capt., 5:1406 Crowe, Sir Eyre (1864-1925), 1:68; 2:411 f de Croy, Prince Reginald, 3:802 f Cubrilovic, Vaso, 1:5 f Cummings, Homer, 10:3000 Cuniberti, Col., 1:50 CunUffe, Lord, 11:3474 Cunliffe-Owen, Lt.-Col. C. (1863-1932), 3:765 Curley, Major James, 3:703 Curry, Pte., 10:2952 Curzon, Earl (1859-1925), 2:435 ff; 4:1132; 5:1463, 1546; 6:1752; 7:2289; 9:2739 f; 11:3298 f, 3306, 3318, 3327, 3334f, 3479-82, 3511 Cutler, Lt., 3:865 Czernin von und zu Chudenitz,

Count Ottokar (1872-1932),

f;

4:1021, 1197; 5:1500; 6:1706, 1712; 7:2039, 2137; 8:2495, 2548, 2554; 9:2655, 2663 f, 2716-20, 2807; 10:2981, 2997-3000, 3030, 3133 f, 3195 3198, 3204, 3207-9, 3215, 3232-4, 3250; 11:3264. 3288, 3291, 3297-9, 3315 f, 3332-6, 3366-9, 3376-8, 3390, 3495 Clerk, Sir George, 11:3362 Climo, Col., 4:1170 Cobb, Frank, 7:2015, 2019 Cobb, Irvin S., 3:792 Cochin, Capt., 5:1357 Cockburn, Lt.-Col., 2:365 Codelli,

(1868-1923), 1:55, 59; 3:766, 957; 4:1070, 1073 f, 1099, 1126, 1129; 5:1586, 1645; 7:2248-53; 10:3051; 11:3485 Coode, Capt., 2:469 Cook, Sir Joseph (1860-1947),

5:1591; 6:1827. 1902-5; 7:2016.

2039

f,

9:2688 f,

Davis, Norman, 10:3194 Davis, Richard H., 7:2009 f Davison, Emily, 9:2888 Dawnay, 10:3012 Dawnay, Guy, 4:1059 Dawson, Henry, 6:1962 Deakin, Alfred, 4:1042 Debans, Camille, 2:589 Debs, Eugene, 9:2904; 11:3401 De Bunsen, Sir Maurice, 5:1517; 10:3078 De Havilland, Capt. Geoffrey (1882-1965), 4:997, 1001 Delafosse, Maurice, 11:3332 Delage, Cmdt., 2:389 Delage, Gustave, 5:1442; 7:2171 Delbruck, Clemens von

2042; 8:2547 10:3030

f,

2575;

f;

D D'Abernon, Viscount (1857-1941), 2:506; 11:3410,

3430 Dallas-Brooks, Capt. R., 9:2725 Daly, Eamonn, 4:1300 Dan, T. (1871-1947), 6:1943 DanieU, Major E. H. E., 2:387 Daniels, Joseph, 7:2004, 2019; 11:3420 Danrit, Capt., see Driant Darnand, Sgt. J., 9:2865 Daudet, Leon, 9:2718 Daumig, Ernst, 10:3125 David, (SD), 7:2041

(1852-1923), 1:34, 38, 283; 2:405 f; 3:877; 6:1706 Delme-RatcUffe, Col., 8:2375 Delvert, Capt., 6:1712 Demidov, 4:1073 Denis, Ernest, 7:2159 Depommier, Capt., 5:1554 Derby, Earl of (1865-1948), 4:1018, 1279-84; 5:1490; 8:2365, 2555; 9:2740 Dernburg, Dr. Bernhard (1865-1937), 2:356, 411; 4:1208 Deschaet, Cmdt., 2:378 Deschanel, President Paul (1856-1922), 2:406 Destree, Jules, 3:874 Deubner, Dr. Ludwig, 1:255 Devine, Edward, 9:2908 Devonport, Lord, 9:2773 Dewing, Major R. H., 6:1892 Diagne, Blaise, 11:3332 Diamandi, M., 6:1929 Diaz, Gen. Porfirio, President of Mexico (1830-1915), 6:1814 Dimitrijevic-Apis, Col.

Dragutin (1876-1917),

1:3;

5*1590 Diplock, Bramah, 3:760 Dittmann. Wilhelm. 10:3115, 3120, 3124 f, 3172 Djemal Bey, Col., 3:707; 10:3001 Djevad Pasha, 3:729 f; 10:3001 f

Dmowski, Roman (1864-1939), 6:1828-33; 10:3090; 11:3340-2, 3431 Dobbs, Col., 7:2320 Dobson, Cdr., 11:3448 Dohna-Schlodien, Capt. N. zu, 6:1772-5

Donald, Major David, 11:3444 Donaldson, Sir F., 5:1465 Donitz, Capt. Karl., 8:2536 Doring, Major von, 2:362 ff Dosch, Johann, 10:3166 Doughty, C. M., 5:1520 Douglas, Capt. H. P., 9:2729 f Douglas, Col. William Sholto (1893-1969), 3:855; 5:1444 f; 9:2661 Doumer, Paul, 7:2143

Doumergue, Gaston (1863-1937), 2:405 Doyle, Sir Arthur Conan,

2:592; 7:2216

Dreux, Cmdt., 5:1544 Drews, Dr. Wilhelm, 10:3129 Dreyer, Capt. F. C. (1878-1956), 5:1428; 7:2095 Driant, Cmdt. Emile (1855-1916), 2:589, 592; 4:1246, 1253, 1255; 6:1911 Driscoll, Col., 5:1374 Droescher, Lt., 3:680 Drummond, Sir Eric, 11:3373 Drummond, Capt. John (1873-1926), 2:371 f Drury-Lowe, Capt., 2:359 f Du Bois, W. E. B., 9:2915 f; 11:3331 f Duchdne, Cmdt., 2:587 Dufburnay.Pte., 6:1738 Duhamel, Georges, 5:1359 f Duisberg, Carl, 10:3027 Dukhonin, 8:2477, 2493 f; 9:2668 Dulles, John Foster, 11:3474

Dumas, Capt., 1:50 Dumba, Dr. Constantine, 4:1005, 1008

Duncan, James, 6:1961 Dunn, Capt., 7:2195 Dzerzinsky, FeUx, 8:2470

f

E Eastman, Crystal, 11:3419 Ebermaier, Gov., 2:362; 4:1316, 1320 Ebert, Friedrich (1871-1925), 8:2613; 10:3024, 3027, 3115-25, 3130, 3131, 3135-9, 3146, 3164, 3172, 3196, 3217-24; 11:3258, 3413, 3469 f Eckhardt, Heinrich von, 6:1824; 7:2016 Eckhardt, Tibor, 11:3273 Edward VII, King-Emperor (1841-1910), 1:19, 29, 48, 88 Egidy, Capt. von, 2:637; 5:1402, 1417 f Eglhofer, Rudolf, 10:3164-6

Ehrhardt, Capt. Hermann, 11:3469-73 Eichhorn, Emil, 10:3177

Enver Pasha (1881-1922), 1:59 f; 2:343 f, 398 ff, 425, 449, 500-2; 3:729-32. 765, 913; 4:1064, 1138, 1154, 1262, 1308-13; 5:1325, 1347, 1521, 1566; 6:1780, 1786-8, 1907 f, 1975, 1982; 9:2762; 10:3050, 3056; 11:3352 Epstein, Klaus, 2:406

Erdody, Count Thomas,

3469

f

Eulenburg und Hertefeld,

Franz Josef, Kaiser of Austria-

Prince zu, 2:412

Hungary

Evans, Sir Samuel (1859-1918),

21-2, 62, 64, 139, 252, 310;

2:366 Everett, Ernest, 6:1839 Ewing, Sir Alfred (1855-1935), 5:1415

2:474, 484, 617; 3:953; 4:1103; 6:1799, 1825-7

f,

Franz Ferdinand, Archduke (1863-1914), 1:3-8, 31, 38, 105; 2:472, 474; 3:945; 5:1591;

(1830-1916), 1:3, 9,

Freeman, Lt.-Col. W., 9:2661 Frey, Major, 10:3003 Fricke, Lt., 5:1442 Friedrich III, Kaiser (1831-88), 1:13,

Faberge, 3:944 Fabre, Lt., 2:587 Falls, Capt. Cyril, 1:304 Fanshawe, Capt., 2:536 Farie, Cmdre, 5:1406, 1408 Farman Farma, 6:1906 Farrant, D. A. G. de H., 2:424 Fechenbach, Felix, 10:3162 Feisal ibn-Hussein, King of Iraq (1885-1933), 5:1521 f, 1524; 8:2393 f; 10:3002, 3010 f, 3056; 11:3296-9, 3311-3, 3315-8 Feldmann, Lt, 1:124 Felton, Mrs. 2:536 Ferdinand, King of Bulgaria (1861-1948), 1:60; 2:398 f; 4:1071-4, 1082, 1098; 5:1586; 11:3359 Ferdinand, King of Rumania (1865-1927), 4:1072; 5:1586, 1591, 1594, 1597 f; 6:1715, 1929; 9:2689; 10:3029-33;

11:3362 Ferguson, Lt.-Col., 3:830 Fergusson, Capt., 5:1407 Ferry Abel, 1:114; 9:2717 f Fiedler, Capt., 2:344 Fiedler, Richard, 4:1010 Fieltiz, Capt., 2:416, 525 Fikentscher, Lt., 2:424 Finck, Cpl., 2:539 Firman, Lt. H. O. B., 5:1339 Fischer, E., 2:349

2:336

Embeirikos, 5:1588 Emirs, Mehmet, 11:3353

6:1900-5 Erzberger, Matthias (1875-1921), 2:413; 3:875; 7:2038, 2042; 8:2463, 2574, 2611f;10:3027, 3082 f, 3122, 3133-9, 3188, 3221 f; 11:3368

6:1921

Fischer, Prof. Fritz, 2:412, 414 Fisher, Andrew (1862-1928),

Eisner, Kurt (1867-1919), 10:3024, 3116, 3136, 3160-5 Elder, Capt. W. L., 6:1748 Elena, Queen of Italy, 3:875 Elgee, Capt. P. E. L., 2:363 Elkes, Lt.-Cdr., 3:781 EUerton, Capt., 2:535 ElUot, Major, 4:1086

STATESMEN

Frantz, Sgt., 2:540

Esher, Viscount (1852-1930), 1:82, 88; 4:1216 Estienne, Col. Jean, 5:1641; 7:2119-21; 8:2440 deEtter.M., 6:1907

35

Friedrich Karl of Hesse, Prince, 9:2800 Friedrich, Stephan, 11:3273 Fuller, Capt. C, 2:365

FuUer, Col. John, 3:753; %-2415-40

G Gadd, Capt., 7:2102 Gaede, Lt., 2:424 Gahan, Rev. StirUng, 3:804

f

9:2904; 11:3401 Goodhart. Lt.-Cdr. F. H. H., 1:187

Goodnow, Frank, 4:1040 Goppert, 2:573 Gordon, Lt.-Col., 4:1067 f Goremykin, Ivan (1839-1917), 3:940 f; 5:1471 Gorges, Col.. 2:365; 4:1320 Goring. Capt. Hermann. 7:2127; 9:2864. 2925; 11:3517 Gort. Major Viscount. 7:2248 f. 2293 Goschen, Sir Edward (1847-1924), 1:67. 104 Gosling, Harry, 6:1751 Gout, Jean, 11:3291 Gowen, Lt.-Cdr. C. H. W., 11:3461

Gaissert, Capt., 5:1435 Gajda, Capt., 9:2944 Ganchev, Lt.-Col. Peter,

4:1082, 1099

Gandhi, Mohandas

Karamchand 'Mahatma' (1869-1948), 2:437; 11:3302

Goldsmith, Cdr., 5:1406, 1408 Goltz, Major Horst von der, 4:1008, 1092 Gombos, Gynla, 11:3273 Gomes, Teixeira, 4:1274 Gompers, Samuel, 4:1008;

f,

3305-7 Gardiner, Alfred (1865-1946), 2:405 Garroni, Camillo, Marquis, 3:876 Garros, Roland, 4:996, 1001; 7:2170

Garvey, Marcus, 9:2916; 11:3401 Garvin,

J. L., 4:1279 de Gaulle, Capt. Charles (1890-1970), 3:669; 4:1260

Gaullet, 1:153 Gault, Capt. Hamilton, 3:822 Gazban, Sheikh, 4:1150 Geddes, Sir Eric, 7:2098 f, 2304 f; 8:2567; 9:2740; 10:3147,

Goys, Cmdt., 4:997, 1000; 6:1748 Grabez, 1:3, 5 Graham, Col., 5:1376 Graham, Stephen, 10:3098 f Grand Mufti of Jerusalem, 8:2407 Grant, Capt. H. S. (1864-1938), 2:524 Grant, Capt. Noel, 3:871 Grasset, Capt. 1:154 f Grasshof, Cdr.. 2:416 Graves. Capt. Robert (b. 1895). 4:1032; 6:1840; 10:3240 f Grayson. Dr. Gary, 11:3395 f Green, Sir W. Graham. 7:2098 Grelhng. Richard, 6:1793 Grenfell. Capt. F. H.. 7:2308-10 Grenfell. JuUan, 6:1842 Grew, Joseph. 6:1800 Grey, Sir Edward, Viscount (1862-1933), 1:19, 38. 44, 46. 59.65.67-8. 108 ff; 2:316 ff. 379. 405 f. 508; 3:704. 713-15.

Fisher, Prof. H. A. L., 9:2776

3150

FitzGerald, Col. O. A. G., 5:1465 Fleischmann, 2:491 Foerster, Wilhelm, 10:3164 Fokker, Anthony (1890-1939), 4:996; 5:1442, 1449; 6:1864; 7:2170 f Fonck, Capt. Rene (1894-1953), 6:1864; 7:2125, 2242 Ford, Henry, 10:3103 Forster, Arnold, 2:589 Forster, Lt.-Cdr., 2:637 Forstner, Lt., 3:685 Foss VC, Capt., 3:741 de Foucauld, Pere, 5:1554 Fourneau, Gov., 4:1319 Fournel, Etienne, 6:1793 Fox, Capt., 2:364; 4:1316 Fox, Capt. Cecil H. (1873-19 ), 1:186 France, Anatole (1844-1924), 1:281; 6:1711 Francis, David R., 6:1961 f Francqui, 6:1877 Frankenberg und ProscWitz, Col., 3:706; 8:2387

Geehl, Lt.-Col., 3:724 George V, King-Emperor (1865-1936), 1:109; 2:434, 536, 553; 3:877; 4:1017, 1031, 1035. 1190, 1216 f; 5:1462, 1465. 1588. 1608; 6:1939; 9:2898 George. Crown Prince of Greece. 11:3489 Geyer. Capt.. 8:2616 Gibbs. George. 6:1962 Gibbs. PhilUp. 7:2192; 8:2351 Gibbs, Cdr. Valentine, 9:2728 Gibson. Wilfred. 6:1843 Giesl von Gieslingen. Baron,

821, 876 f, 977 f; 4:1073, 1075, 1224-7, 1274 f; 5:1517; 6:1798 f; 7:2204 f; 10:3056; 11:3335.

1:67

6:1939

Giffard, Capt., 5:1373 Giolitti, Giovanni (1842-1928),

3:875-81; 11:3253, 3257, 3280 Girard. Cmdt.. 4:1094 f Girodon. Col., 1:206 Gleich, Col. von, 6:1907f

Globa. 7:2144 Glossop. Capt. John. 2:424 Glynn, Martin, 7:1994 Gohier, Urbain, 1:174; 10:3232 Gokhale, G. K., 11:3306 f

3373, 3537 Grey, Sqdn.-Cmdr. Spenser. 2:540 Greisinger, von, 1:8; 5:1546 Griffith, Arthur (1872-1922). 4:1297:5:1350-7 Grigoriev, Ataman. 11:3495 Grober. Adolf. 2:574 Grubb.E.. 4:1284; 7:2207 f

Guchkov. Alexander (1862-1936). 3:938. 942. 944; f. 1947. 1952 f Guesde. Jules (1845-1922), 1:283; 6:1706

f

Gueshov, 4:1071 Guggisberg, Capt., 2:591 Guinet. Capt.. 9:2944 Gulkevich. M., 5:1323 Gurtner. Franz. 11:3516 Guse. Major, 4:1262, 1308 Gutschmidt, Baron von, 2:314,

316

Guynemer, Capt. Georges 3613

STA TESMEN (1894-1917). 4:1001. 1258; 5:1444-8; 6:i8«: 7:2125. 2175-8. 2217 f. 2223. 2242

Gawtkin- Williams. Capt. R. 4:1061-3. 1065. 1068

S..

H Haase. Hugo (1863-1919). 7:2204; 10:3120-5. 2132. 3132,

3169.3172.3221

f

Haber. Dr.. 2:337 Haber. Prof. Fritz (1868-1934), 2:573. 609; 3:676; 5:1622 Habibullah. Emir of Afghanistan (1872-1919), 2:436; 5:1546 f; 11:3304

Hagen. Capt. von dem, 3:708, 710: 4:987

3138 Helphand, Alexander, 8:2466 Henderson VC, Col., 6:1968 Henderson, Arthur

(1858-1938), 3:700, 702 f; 4:1208, 1224-7; 6:1798 f, 1959; 7:2014-20; 8:2495, 2545 f;

9:2691; 10:2997-3000, 3103, 3106, 3134, 3207, 3213, 3235; 11:3256, 3340, 3366-9, 3373 Housman, Prof. A. E. (1859-1936), 3:856

Hoyos, Count,

f

(1863-1935), 2:407; 4:1283; 6:1752-5, 1958; 7:2204-6; 8:2574; 9:2774, 2858-60 Henderson, Col. G. F. R.,

4:1181

Henderson, Sir Nevile, 11:3489 Henderson, Cmdr. R., 2:380;

Halahan, Capt. H. C. 9:2729 Haldane, Viscount (1856-1928), 1:44 f. 84. 108. Ill, 120 f;

7:2098; 8:2543 f Hennu, consul, 11:3495

2:435; 4:1014. 1016, 1035,

(1869-1918), 1:226, 269, 279; 2:461, 493, 579

1217. 2738, 2776

House, Colonel Edward M.

Heidssen. Lt. von. 1:283 Heine. 11:2371 Heinkel, Ernst (1888-1958), 4:1002 Heinold, Gov., 10:3087 Heinrich, Cmdre, 5:1406 Heinrich, Prince of Bavaria, 6:1720 Helfferich, Karl (1872-1924), 6:1807; 9:2803 Helldorff, Capt. von, 10:3136,

64 Hsu Shih-ch'ang, Gen. and President of China (1858-1939), 11:3288 1:62,

Hsuan Tung, Emperor of China (1906-67), 4:1038 Hucks, Lt., 2:640 Hugenberg, Dr. Alfred (1865-1951), 1:35; 3:840; 9:2804

Hughes, Col., 5:1374 Hughes, Charles E., 7:1997; 10:3213; 11:3508

Hughes, William (1864-1952), 4:1042; 10:3150; 11:3334 Huguet, Col., 1:217; 4:1090 Humbert, Charles, 2:114

Hentsch, Col. Richard

Hume, Grace,

3:797

Pasha, 6:1718 Hamilton, Lt., 3:948 Hammerskjold, H., 4:1204

3:906; 5:1347 Herbert, Lt.-Cdr. Godfrey,

Hunger, Major, 4:1309 f Hunter, Col., 4:1120 Hunter, Lord, 11:3305 Hussarek, Baron Max von,

Hammerstein,

3:687

10:3087; 11:3261

Hermogen, Bishop, 6:1918-21

Hussein ibn-Ali, Sherif of Mecca and King of the Hejaz

Hamid

Herbert, Capt. Aubrey,

Lt.-Col. von,

10:3008

Handley Page,

F. (1885-1962),

5:1870

Hankey,

Lt.-Col. Sir

Maurice

(1877-1963), 3:713-5, 721, 760, 765:4:1059, 1126, 1138; 5:1518. 1640; 6:1871, 1875 f; 7:2098, 2289; 8:2544; 10:3226-8;

11:3289

Hanson, Capt., 5:1373 Hanson, Ole, 11:3401 f Hanssen, Hans P., 2:567 Happe, Capt., 5:1442; 6:1748 Hara, Takashi, 11:3289 Harcourt, Lewis, Viscount (1863-1922), 1:109; 2:405 f; 11:3334 f Hardie, Keir, 7:2204 f; 9:2885-8 Harding, Warren, 11:3405,

3505 f, 3528 Hardinge, Charles, Baron (1858-1944), 2:442-8; 4:1142-5, 1149, 1167 Hare, Brig., 3:771 Harmsworth, Alfred, see

NorthcUffe Harrach, Franz, Count von, 1:7 Harris, Capt. W., 2:417 Harrison, Capt. G. K., 6:1981 Harrison, M. C, 3:806-9 Hartog, Capt., 5:1401 f Hartogiensis, Baron, 2:367 Harvey, VC, Major Francis (1873-1916), 5:1385-92 Hase, Cdr. G. von (1878-19 ), 5:1385, 1393, 1395 Hashagen, Cdr. E., 7:2086 Haun, Capt., 2:535 Haupt, Capt., 4:1272 f

Hawker VC, Major

L. G.,

4:1001; 5:1448

Hawksley, Cmdre, 5:1406 Hay, Ian, 3:760; 8:2354

f

Hayes-Sadler, Capt., 3:781

Hays, WiU, 10:3103, 3106

Haywood,

Col. A., 4:1319

Hehir, Col. P., 5:1343-7

3614

MP,

Hersing, Lt.-Cdr., 3:922; 4:1124 Hertling, Georg, Count von (1843-1919), 8:2551, 2613; 10:2997, 3022, 3027 f, 3080 Herve, Gustave (1871-1944), 1:115, 281; 6:1709 Herzl, T., 8:2409 Hetherington, Major T., 5:1640 Heydebrand 7:2041

Heye, Col. Wilhelm (1869-1946), 10:3027; 11:3473

Hickey, Capt. D. E., 8:2419 Hiddessen, Lt. von, 6:1790 Hioki Eki, 3:976-9 Hirst, Lt. Lloyd, 2:510 f, 535 Hitchcock, Capt., 6:1852 Hitchcock, Gilbert, 11:3394-6 Hitler, Cpl. Adolf, 9:2689;

10:3166; 11:3412 f, 3476, 3516 f Hivert, Col., 4:1090 f (photo) Ho Chi Minh, 11:3308, 3330 Hodza, Milan, 10:3091

Hoegner, Wilhelm, 10:3162 Hogarth, Cdr. David (1862-1927), 5:1518, 1523 f; 8:2393, 2405 f Hoffman, Johannes, 10:3163, 3165 f Hofmeyr, Jan (1845-1909), 2:349

Holbrook VC,

Lt. N., 2:469

Holdich, Col. Sir

Thomas

(1843-1929), 2:436

Holmes, OUver Wendell, 11:3401

f

Hohnes,

Col. William, 2:337 f Holstein, Friedrich Baron von (1837-1909), 1:13, 19 Hoover, Herbert (1874-1964),

6:1878 f; 9:2903 f; 10:2997 f, 3104, 3194-6; 11:3341, 3368,

3396 Hoover, J. Edgar, 11:3401 Hoppe, Capt. Bruno, 7:2310 Hopper, lycpl., 6:1763 Horn, Capt., 5:1435

(1856-1931), 2:400; 5:1518-25, 1546; 6:1787; 8:2393 f, 2405; 10:3017, 3050; 11:3296 f, 3311, 3315, 3327 Hussein Kamil, Sultan of Egypt (18507-1917), 2:400; 3:707 Huszar, Karl, 11:3273 f Hutchinson, Cdr., 5:1408 Hutin, Col., 4:1316, 1320

Hutten-Czapski, Count, 2:413

Huysmans,

Charles, 1:281

Jack. Brig. James, 6:1848 Jacka VC, Lt. Albert, 5:1608 Ja'far Pasha, 4:1065, 1068;

10:3002,3011 f Edgar, 10:3163 Jagow, Gottlieb von Jaff6, Dr.

(1863-1935), 1:64-7; 2:413, 600, 636; 6:1799 Jahreiss, Major Paul von,

10:3165

James, OlUe, 7:1994 James, Robert Rhodes, 3:714, 912 James, Capt. William (b. 1881), 4:1089; 5:1416 Jameson, Dr. Leander (1853-1917), 1:15; 2:349 Jaszi, Oscar, 10:3036; 11:3269 Jaures, Jean (1859-1914), 1:114 f, 281; 7:2204 Javid, 2:398 ff; 6:1786; 10:3056 Jeanneney, Jean Noel, 7:2138 Jemal, 2:398 ff, 425, 469; 5:1521, 1566 Jillings, Sgt.-Major, 2:540 Joffe, A. A. (1883-1927), 9:2802-4

Jogiches, Leo, 10:3170 f, 317&9 John of Kronstadt, Father, 6:1918 f Johnson, Hiram, 11:3394 f,

3528 Jones VC, Cdr. Loftus (1879-1916), 5:1398, 1401 Jonnart, 7:2253

Jouhaux, Leon (1879-1954), 1:114, 281; 6:1712 Jovanovic, S., 5:1590 Jowett, F. W., 7:2205-7; 9:2858 Joyce, 10:3012 Jubert, Lt., 5:1357

K

I

Kalinin, 11:3440 Kamenev, L. B. (1883-1936),

Ibn Rashid, Sheikh, 5:1520 Ibn Saud, King of Nejd

6:1947; 8:2464

(1880-1953), 2:401; 5:1520;

6:1787 Idriess, Ion, 6:1857

Ihlen, 4:1204 lUc, Danilo, 1:5 f

Immanuel,

Col. Friedrich,

6:1824

Immelmann,

Lt.

Max

(1890-1916), 4:997, 1259; 5:1442-9; 6:1864; 7:2124 f,

2170-3 Imperiali, Marquis Guglielmo, 3:876 f IngUs, Dr. Elsie, 2:575 lonescu, Take (1858-1922), 5:1592, 1594; 10:3033; 11:3411 Irwin, Will, 3:792 Isenburg, Prince zu, 9:2802

Viscount Kikujiro, 8:2525 Ishii,

Ismail,

Khedive (1830-95),

2:400

Kannengiesser, Col., 3:913 Kantorowicz, Prof. Hermann, 11:3516 Kaoussem, 5:1554

Kapp, Dr. Wolfgang (1858-1922), 10:3224; 11:3469-73, 3514 Karl, Kaiser of AustriaHungary (1887-1922), 5:1453-7, 1574; 6:1799, 1825-7, 1900-5; 7:2039 f, 2042, 2159; 8:2366, 2463; 9:2844; 10:3023, 3066, 3071, 3091, 3142; 11:3258-61, 3269, 3411

K^olyi, Count Gyula (1871-1947), 11:3272 f Karolyi, Count Mihaly (1875-1955), 10:3036, 3090;

11:3269 Kato, Baron Takaakira (1859-1926), 2:318 f; 3:976-9 Kaunitz, Count, 4:1155-7 Kautsky, Karl (1854-1938),

I to Hirobumi, Marquis (1841-1909), 2:315

8:2611; 10:3125, 3179

Ivanyshin, Capt. Theodor, 1:255 (1856-1919). 1:38. 114; 2:405;

Keeling, F. H., 3:797 Kellogg. Frank. 11:3394 Kellogg. Vernon, 10:3194

4:1074

Kelly, Brig., 10:3003

Izvolski,

Alexander

Kazim Beg, 5:1547

Kemp,

Lichnowsky, Prince von

2:351

Kennedy. Capt.. 2:343

La

Keppel- Hamilton, Lt. L. H.. 4:1319

(1855-1925), 7:2010, 2019

Kerensky, Alexander F. (1881-1970). 6:1939 f. 1946 f, 1952-6. 1958-64; 7:2041, 2143 2159. 2206; 8:2443 f; 9:2666, 2889 f. 2898; 11:3347 Kerr, Lt.-Cdr., 4:1086

f.

f

Kiddle, Capt. E., 2:340

King, 11:3316 King, C. D. B., 11:3332 King, W. L. Mackenzie, 11:3479 Kipling, Rudyard, 5:1400;

10:3244

Kirkwood, David, 7:2206 Kitchener, Col., 5:1374 Kitchin. Claude, 7:2010, 2020; 10:3102 Klecanda, J., 9:2944 Kleine, Capt. Rudolf, 7:2163-5 Kleist, Major von, 1:172. 259 Kleitz. Col. von. 2:380 Klewitz, Capt. von. 2:337 f Klofac, Vaclav, 6:1676 Klopper, Cdr., 2:416 Klotz, Louis, 10:3194 f Knorr, Capt. von, 6:1770 f KobyUnsky, Col., 9:2898, 2900 Koeberl, 10:3166 Kohler, Capt., 3:871 Kondylis, Capt.. 7:2253 Kophamel, Cdr.. 4:1061 Korfanty, Wojciech. 11:3343 Korff. Baron, 2:459 Korosec, Antun. 11:3277 Kossirev. 9:2899 Kotthaus. Lt.. 2:525 Kramar, Karel (1860-1937). 1:106 f; 6:1678, 1825; 7:2155 f; 10:3087; 11:3262-4 Kraut, Major, 6:1758 Krebs, Major, 8:2420 Kreisler, Fritz. 9:2905 Kress von Kressenstein, Col. Frhr. 2:344; 3:707; 6:1855-7. i989-9i; 8:2388; 10:3050 Kriegel, Annie, 7:2138; 9:2719

Krivoshein, A. V. (1858-1923), 3:939-42, 974

Kruger, Paul (1825-1904), 2:348 f; 5:1462 Krupensky, Anatole, 3:876

Krupp, 1:51-2, 100, 135; 3:938; 4:1203; 9:2704; 10:3027 Krupskaya, N. K. (1869-1939), 6:1963

Kuhlmann, R. von (1873-1948), f;

9:2688

f;

10:3030,

3080 Kun, Bela, 10:3165; 11:3264. 3270-5, 3361 f Kunze. Sergt., 4:1268-73 Kurayev. 9:294-4 Kuyper. Abraham (1837-1920), 2:367

Robert f;

Lamb. Sir Harry, 8:2479 Lammasch, Heinrich

3194 f, 3229; 11:3368, 3475 Khadir Bey, 6:1859 Khalil Sami Bey. Col. 3:732 Kiamil Pasha, 1:55, 59 Kiesling, Lt.-Col. H. von,

8:2613

Follette,

9:2905

Kerr. PhiUp. 10:3226-8 Kessler. Count Harry. 10:3188 Keynes. J. Maynard, 10:3150,

6:1906

STATESMEN

4:1036

Kelly. Capt.. 7:2200

(1853-1920), 6:1827; 10:3086

Lamont, Thomas. 11:3474 Lancken. Baron Oskar von der. 8:2575; 9:2718

Landauer, Gustav. 10:3165 Landsberg, Otto. 10:3117,

3123,3172 Lansbury, George, 7:2204; 9:2885, 2888 Lansdowne, Marquess of, 6:1751 f Lansing, Robert (1864-1928), 3:702-4; 4:1004-8, 1208; 6:1799 f, 1816; 7:2014-9; 8:2495, 2525; 10:2997-3000. 3106. 3213; 11:3269. 3279. 3285. 3532 Larken, Capt., 2:469 f Larkin, James, 4:1294 de Lattre de Tassigny, Capt., 6:1712 Lauer, Col. M., 9:2838 Laurier, Sir Wilfrid (1841-1919), 3:818, 820 Lauriot, Charles, 3:694-9

Lauterbach, 2:416 Laval, Pierre, 9:2717 Lavrov, 9:2944

Law, Andrew Bonar (1858-1923), 1:109; 4:1189; 6:1752-5, 1873; 8:2555; 9:2776; 10:3148-50, 3228; 11:3482

Law, F. R., 7:2130 Lawrence, Lt.-Col. T. E. (1888-1935), 5:1342, 1344-7,

1524 f; 8:2393-2401; 10:3002, 3008-17, 3053 f, 3243; 11:3297,

3311,3315,3319 Lazimir, P. E., 8:2471 Lazys, 9:2895 Leachman, Major. 5:1337 Ledebur, Georg, 10:3124 f Lednicki. Wactaw. 6:1834 Ledoux, Capt.. 6:1793 Lee. Lt.-Cdr. John, 6:1764 f Leete, Alfred, 2:568, 4:1018 Legge, Col, 2:336 Lehmann, Cdr. Ernst, 7:2325-8 Le Meinour, Lt.-Col., 4:1320 Le Mesurier, Cmdr. C. E. (1869-1917), 5:1406 Lenin, V. L (1870-1924), 6:1939-49, 1956, 1962 f\ 7:2041, 2137, 2159, 2206 f; 8:2444 f, 2464 f; 10:2970-80 f, 2485 f, 2545 f. 2666, 2686-90, 2800, 2889-95, 2939, 2942, 3165 f; 11:3271, 3404, 3442 Lenoir, Pierre, 9:2718 f Le Queux, William (1864-1927), 2:589, 591

Lersner, Kurt von, 10:3027 Levi, Paul, W.3176 Levien, Max, 10:3165-8 L6vy, Chief Rabbi. 1:282 Lewis. Cdr.. 7:2086 Lewis. Capt. Cecil, 5:1444; 7:2187, 2222-5

(1860-1928), 1:65. 67. 124, 186; 4:1274; 6:1794 Liddell Hart, Capt. Sir Basil (1895-1970), 2:583; 3:743; 5:1603; 8:2428, 2434 f; 9:2928; 10:3017 see also Contributors Liebknecht, Karl (1871-1919), 5:1627; 7:2040, 2206; 8:2463, 2611; 10:3120-4, 3162,3169-80,

3221 Lieth-Thomsen, Major, H. von der, 4:1000 Lindley, Francis, 9:2941 Lindner, Alois, 10:3143, 3165 Link, Prof. Arthur, 11:3334 Linnarz, Capt. 5:1436 Lipp, Dr., 10:3166 Lissauer, Ernst (1882-1937), 2:566; 3:799 Littlejohn, Cmdr. A. S., 2:379 Li Yuan-hung, President of China, 8:2526 f

Lloyd George, David

3123, 3160 f, 3169-79 3221 Lvov, Prince George (1861-1925), 3:939, 974; 6:1939-42, 1947, 1958, 1961;

8:2572

Lynch, Arthur, 7:2216 Lynes, Cmdre., 9:2737

M McAdoo, WiUiam

(1863-1941),

4:1007; 11:3531

Macatier, Pte., 10:2952 f M'Cay, Brig. James, 2:338 Macchio. Karl, Baron von, 3:876, 880

f

McCormick, Vance, 10:3195 f McCudden VC, Major James (k. 1918), 2:540; 4:1000; 5:1444; 6:1864, 1870; 7:2131, 2223,

2226 MacDonald,

J.

Ramsay

(1863-1945), 1:38, 44, 52, 108 f; 2:573 f; 3:672, 714 f; 4:1022, 1059. 1126. 1190. 1192. 1196. 1284. 1303, 5:1462-4, 1639-41; 6:1750-5, 1799 f, 1871-6, 1905, 1965; 7:2015 f, 2023-5, 2094,

(1866-1937), 1:110; 2:407; 6:1751; 7:2204-7; 8:2573 f;

2098

9:2888

;

2163, 2181, 2248, 2253. 2256. 2285. 2289. 2304 f; 8:2333, 2336, 2375, 2385, 2462, 2495, 2554-61, 2575; 9:2655, 2663 f, 2715, 2740 f, 2746 f, 2773, 2851, 2858-60, 2887; 10:2956, 2975, 2981, 2997-3000, 3030, 3051-6, 3080, 3133, 3147-51, 3198, 3202, 3207-9, 3215 f, 3226-9, 3232-4; 11:3255, 3280, 3286, 3291, 3297-9, 3315 f, 3334-6, 3343, 3355, 3366-70, 3373. 3376-8, 3389 f, 3409. 3450. 3479-82, 3484 f, f,

3488 f, 3498 Locker-Lampson, Cdr. Oliver, 6:1959 Lodge, Henry Cabot, 7:1994 f, 2003; 10:2998, 3102, 3105, 3213, 3235; 11:3366, 3373, 3394-6 Loebell, 7:2041 Logan, Ray ford, 9:2916 Logan, Col. Robert. 2:336 Long, Walter, 6:1752; 8:2555 Longhurst, Mr.. 2:363 Longmore. Sqdn.-Cdr. Arthur, 7:2312 Looff, Capt. Max. 2:359 Loraine, R., 5:1445 Lord, Prof. R. H., 11:3343 Loucheur, Louis, 9:2664 Lovett, Col., 2:395 Low, Alfred, 11:3271 Lowther. James. Viscount

UUswater (1855-1949). 1:108 f Luce, Capt. John (1870-1932), 2:510 f, 518, 524, 527. 535; 3:872 Lu Cheng-hsiang, 11:3283 f, 3288, 3291 Ludecke, Cmdr., 3:872

Ludwig, King of Bavaria (1845-1921), 3:843

Lewis VC. Pte. H. W., 5:1656

Luxembourg, Rosa

Lewis. Col. I. N., 10:3049 Liang Ch'i-ch'ao (1873-1929),

(1870-1919), 5:1627; 7:2040, 2206; 8:2462 f, 2611; 10:3120.

9:2858; 11:3334, 3537

Machado,

Prof. B., 4:1274 f

McKenna, Reginald (1863-1943), 5:1462; 6:1751;

MacLaurin, Brig. H.

N., 2:338 Maclear, Lt.-Col. P., 2:364 Macleay, Ronald, 11:3291

McMahon,

Sir

Henry

(1862-1949), 5:1518

f,

1522-4;

11:3311

Macmillan, Capt. Norman, 6:1865; 7:2232 f MacNeill, Eoin, 4:1294, 1297

f

Madero, Francisco I., President of Mexico (1873-1913), 6:1814 Maecker, Capt., 2:416. 525, 528, 534 f Maetze, Col., 2:614 Mair. Lt.-Col. G. T., 2:365 Maisky, Ivan, 7:2209

Makarov, 6:1914 Makino, Baron Nobuaki, 11:3285, 3288-91, 3373 Maklakov. N. A. (1870-1957), 3:939

Makowski, Sgt. Konstantin, 10:3168 Malagodi, OUndo, 3:874 Malinov, 10:3024 f Malinowski. R. V. (1878-1918). 6:1963 Mallin. M.. 4:1300 Malone, Col.. 3:905 f; 4:1056 Malvy, Jean (1875-1949), 4:1198; 7:2137 f; 9:2717 Maniu. luliu. 10:3036 f; 11:3362 Mann. Heinrich, 10:3164 Mann, Thomas. 10:3164 Manteuffel, Baron von. 10:3186

Mantoux,

Prof. Paul. 10:3228;

11:3376 Marc, Franz, 4:1258 Marchlewski, 10:3170 f Marconi, Guglielmo (1874-1937). 4:1090 Marder, Prof. A. J., 5:1416. 1425, 1432; 8:2565 Marghiloman, Alexandru,

3615

STA TESMEN

Merten Pasha, Adm. Hans

Muller, Capt. Karl von, 2:340,

(1857-1926), 3:729

416-24

(1873-19?), 4:1089, 1091, 1094 f Nicolson, Sir Arthur, Baron

Mumm von Schwarzenberg,

Carnock (1849-1928),

Baron, 2:316; 9:2800 Munro, H. H. 'Saki' (1870-1916), 2:589, 592 Munro-Ferguson, Sir Ronald, Viscount (1860-1934), 2:336 Muraviev, Col. 8:2488 Murdoch, Keith, 4:1059 Murray, Capt., 7:2150 Mursal Pasha, 9:2771 f Mussolini, Benito (1883-1945), 3:881; 10:3147, 3184; 11:3254,

110

Mertz von Quirnheim, 9:2689; 10:3029-33 Marie, Queen of Rumania (1876-1938). 4:1072; 5:1591 f Maritz. 2:351 f Marix. Flt.-Lt. R. L. G.. 2:540,

640 Markiewicz, Constance GoreBooth. Countess de (1876-1927). 4:1294. 1300, 1305 MarUng. Sir Charles, 6:1906 f; 9:2767 Maroix. Cmdt.. 2:364 Marschall von Bieberstein, Baron (1842-1912). 1:13; 2:398 Marshall. Catherine. 4:1284; 7:2207 f Marshall. Thomas. 10:3103 Marshall. Col. George, 10:3045 Martin. Col. 3:824 Martin. Rudolf. 2:592 Martin. T. S., 11:3261 Martin. Thomas, 9:2903 Martin. William, 11:3376 Martini, Ferdinando, 3:875,

881 Martins, Major F.. 4:1275 Martov. J. O. (1873-1923), 6:1963; 8:2465 Marye. George T., 6:1961

John (1878-1967),

2:338; 4:1045

4:1264 Massingham, H. W., 6:1750 Masterman, Cdr. E. A. D., 7:2316 Mathiez, Albert, 7:2140

Mathy,

Col.,

f;

6:1741-4

Du

4:1139

Maurier, Lt.-Col.

Guy

11:3299, 3498 Milling, Col. T., 10:2996 Millis, Walter, 7:2010 f Milner, Alfred, Viscount (1854-1925), 2:349, 405; 7:2289; 9:2655, 2664, 2802, 2805 f, 2939; 11:3257, 3327, 3336 Milward, C. A., 3:872

L.

Busson (1865-1915), 2:592 Maurras, Charles, 9:2718 Mavrocordat, Edgar, 5:1591 Max of Baden, Prince

Mirbach, Count, 9:2802 Mirko, Prince, 4:1241

Mohammed

(1869-1937),

6:1880

Maxa, P., 9:2944 Maxton, James, 7:2206, 2209 Mayer, Col., 4:1319 f Mehmedbasic, M. 1:5 f; 5:1590 Mehring, Dr. Franz, 10:3169 f, 3179 Meinecke, Prof. Friedrich (1862-1954), 3:840, 844 Meinertzhagen, Col. Richard (1878-1967), 2:360; 5:1374 f; 6:1757-63; 7:2320; 10:3017 Meisser, Col. 2:389 Melchior, Dr. Karl, 10:3195

AEG),

3:675;

(1867-1915), 1:21, 230

N 3:875 Nachtigadl, Dr. Gustav (1834-85). 2:361 Nadir Khan. 11:3305 Nagorny, 9:2900 Napoleon, 2:603, 614, 616; 3:707, 889, 973; 4:1026, 1090, 1181, 1213, 1292; 5:1340 f, 1584; 10:3234, 3249 Nasir, Sherif, 10:3011, 3014 f Nasmith VC, Cdr. M. E.,

Victor, 6:1675 Navarre, Lt. Jean (1895-1919), 4:1258; 5:1448; 7:2172 Nazim Bey, 9:2758 f Needra, Pastor, 10:3186 Nehru, Jawaharlal, 11:3305 Nepenin, Capt., 3:949; 7:2102 Nernst, Prof. 2:609 Nesterov, Staff-Capt. P. N.

Newcombe, Col. S. F., 8:2393 Newton, Baron (1857-1942),

Morel, E. D., 9:2858, 2860, 11:3334

;

Morgenthau, Henry (1856-1946), 5:1324 Morisson, Col., 4:1316, 1320 Morley, Headlam, 11:3376-8

Morley, John, Viscount f; 11:3306 Mortimore, Lt. H. W., 5:1636 Mossow, 4:1104 MouUn, Cpl., 7:2140 Moxham, Arthur, 4:1007 Mucke, Cdr. H. von, 2:416, 424

(1838-1923), 1:108

Muehsam, Eric, 10:3162-8 Muhammerah, Sheikh of, 2:448; 3:781; 4:1142 f Miiller, Dr., 11:3376, 3474 Miiller, Capt. Eric von,

4:1089

MuUer Hermann, 10:3113

10:3114, 3124,3165,3178, 3182,3187. 3217,3221;

(1862-1939), 4:1297 f Naumann, Friedrich, 10:3160,

1:111; 8:2412; 10:3147 Monteith, 7:2213 Montenuovo, Prince, 6:1827 Moore, Arthur (1853-1909),

Moraczewski, Jedrzej, 11:3341 Moran, Lord, 8:2351 f; 10:3242

Newbolt, Sir Henry (1862-1938), 2:592 f

3:797 Niazi Bey, Major, 2:398 Nicholas II, Tsar of All the Russias (1868-1918), 1:19, 21, 29, 59, 68, 96, 98 f, 229; 2:433; 3:839, 844, 932, 938, 940 f, 945, 961, 973; 4:1198, 1211, 1286, 1289; 5:1464, 1471 f, 1488. 1580, 1588, 1591;6:1914-21, 1937-40, 1961; 7:2040, 2156; 9-2898-2901 Nicholas, Grand Duke (1856-1929); 1:87 f, 231, 245, 249, 253 f, 308 f; 2:406. 455, 459, 462 f, 473, 491 f, 546, 603, 606, 612; 3:717, 721, 931, 935, 940, 945, 961, 973; 4:1155 f, 1211, 1262 f, 1313; 5:1470, 1488; 6:1957, 1965 Nicholas, King of Montenegro (1841-1921), 1:54-5, 59; 4:1238-41:5:1586 Nicholson, Cap. Wilmot, 11:3465 Nicolai, Cmdt.. 6:1738 Nicolai, Col.

see Nicholas

MP

948 NasruUah, 5:1546 Nathan, Sir Matthew

Newall. Lt.-Col. Cyril, 9:2852

C,

Niemann. August, 2:591 Nihan Rejad, 11:3482 Nikita, King of Montenegro,

6:1725 f Noske, Gustav (1868-1946),

3:916-9,

(1887-1914), 2:541

J. T.

3376-8 Niedermayer, Capt. Oskar, 5:1546 f Niekisch, Ernst, 10:3165-8

Norman, C. H., 4:1284, 2207 Norris, George, 7:2019 f Northcliffe, Viscount (Alfred Harmsworth) (1865-1922), 2:589; 3:672, 792; 4:1190, 1216, 1279; 6:1800; 7:2099, 2305; 8:2555 f; 9:2773; 10:3150, 3228 Norton-Griffiths, Lt.-Col. Sir John, (1871-1930), 4:1219 f;

Naby Bey,

Montagu, Edwin (1879-1924), 11:3301, 3307 Montague, C. E. (1867-1928),

Moore-Brabazon,

Nicolson, Harold (1886-1961), 6:1951; 11:3255, 3271, 3365,

Francesco, 10:3066; 11:3256 f, 3280 Nizam as Sultanah, 6:1908 Nizier-Vachot, 'Doctor' Philippe, 6:1915

N.

5:1622

2:539

3616

VI, Sultan

1:19, 38,

Nitti, S.

Naumann,

(1861-1926), 11:3352, 3355

(of

3256 f, 3280 Myasodev, Col.

3184

(1844-1918), 2:400; 3:706

3114f, 3117, 3123, 3125, 3128-39

Mensdorff, Count Albert, 6:1905; 8:2575 Mercier, Cardinal, 6:1880 Meredith, Lt.-CoL, 6:1857

2895

2991-6 Mitchell-Thompson, Sir W., 10:3196 Mohammed V, Sultan

1:204

Melville, Harry, 6:1792

f,

Mitchell, Col. William, 10:2956,

(1867-1929), 8:2614; 10:2997-3000, 3024, 3801-4,

Max, Adolphe

f,

10:3132

11:3288 Col.,

Michelsen, Cmdre. A. (1869-1932), 5:1401; 6:1735 Militsa, Grand Duchess, 6:1915 Millerand, President Alexandre (1859-1943), 1:283 f; 4:1018:6:1706, 1712, 1911;

MoUendorff

Matos, Col. N. de., 4:1275 Matsui, Baron Keishiro,

Matthews,

Michaelis, Georg (1857-1936), 7:2043; 8:2573, 2611 f; 9:2717

Molkenbuhr. Hermann,

Lt. H., 4:989-91;

5:1434, 1437

Mestrovic, 1:106 Metternich, Count von, 1:43 f Meyer, Vice-Steerman, 2:416 Meyer, Ernst, 10:3027, 3171 Meyer, Otto, 3:803 Michael, Grand Duke (1878-1918), 6:1939

1958; 7:2159; 8:2447; 9:2889 Minto, Earl of, 5:1546; 11:3306 Minto, Capt., 2:363

(1850-1937), 1:107; 2:474; 6:1676-9, 1795; 7:2155-60; 9:2681-4; 10:3087 f; 11:3261-5

Maslovski,

Merzheim, 6:1712

Milyukov, Pavel N. (1859-1943), 6:1939 f, 1946

Masaryk, Prof. Thomas

Masefield,

Col.,

10:3027

Walther

11:3469-73 Noulens, Amb.. 9:2939; 11:3495 Nungesser, Lt. Charles (1892-1927), 4:1258; 5:1448; 7:2172 Nunn, Capt., 4:1148; 5:1328 Nuri Pasha, 4:1061 f, 1064-8; 9:2768; 10:3012 f Nuri Shalaan, Sheikh, 10:3013

O O'Beirne, H. J., 5:1465 Oberndorff, Count. 10:3136 Obregon, Alvaro, 6:1814 f O'Connor, Col., 5:1547 O'Faolain, Sean, 4:1294 Ohnesorge, 1:227 Ojetti, Ugo, 10:3066

Okuma, Count Shigenobu (1838-1922), 2:318

Oldenburg, Grand Duke

of,

3:843 Olga, Grand Duchess, 6:1915 f; 9:2898 Oliver, F. S., 2:566 Ohver, Prof. Roland, 11:3336 Ollivant, Lt.-Col., 2:380 Oppen, Col. von, 10:3003, 3009 Oppenheim, Baron, 3:707 Oppenheimer, Francis, 2:367 Orlando, Vittorio Emanuele (1860-1952), 3:881; 8:2375; 10:3065 f, 3134, 3232; 11:3253-7. 3276, 3279 f, 3366 f,

3373 Orozco, Pascual, 6:1814 Osborne, Brian, boy trumpeter, 3:768 Osel, Heinrich, 10:3165 Otto, Baron, 4:1238 Owen, Wilfred, 10:3100, 3240 f

Pabst. Major W., 11:3469

4:1181

Paderewski, Jan (1860-1941), ll:3340-2,

3423

Page, Thomas N. (1853-1922), 3:876 Page, Walter Hines (1855-1918), 3:703-4; 4:1005, 1208; 6:1799; 7:2016 Pagels, Albert, 3:872 Paine, 1:72 Painleve, Paul (1863-1933), 7:2026 f, 2137, 2140, 2197; 8:2375; 9:2716 f; 11:3378 Paleologue, Maurice (1859-1944), 1:96, 98 f, 230; 2:405; 3:940; 4:1286, 1289, 1292; 6:1958, 1962 Palmer, A. Mitchell, 11:3404

f,

9:2884-8

f

10:3045 Paul, Alice, 11:3418 Pavlovic, Col. Zivko, 1:140 Payer, Friedrich von (1847-1931), 8:2613; 10:3083

2133-5, 2140

Pegoud, Lt. A., 2:541; 4:1001; 7:2132

Peguy, Lt. Charles (1873-1914), 1:114, 116; 6:1836, 1843 Peidl, Gyula, 11:3273

Pemberton,

4:1029

Max

(1863-1950),

2:590

Pemberton

Billing, Noel,

MP,

9:2776 Penn-Gaskell, Lt. L. da C, 1:264; 2:539 Pepeliaev, Victor, 11:3437, 3498, 3502 f Perrette, Prefect, 9:2717 Peter, King of Serbia (1844-1921), 2:489; 4:1118 Petlyura, Semen, 11:3424, 3495 Petrie, Capt. Charles (b. 1895), 5:1517 du Peuty, Cmdt., 7:2124 f, 2172; 8:2739 Pfaeler, Capt., 2:363 Pfeffer, Capt. von, 10:3186 Pflanzer-Baltin (1855-1925), 2:491, 595 f, 619 f,; 5:1479, 1483-8; 10:3143 Piazza, Capt. 1:71 Pichon, Stephen, 11:3276, 3495 Picot, Georges, 5:1518, 1523 f; 10:3010, 3056; 11:3298, 3315 f

du

Picq, Col.

Ardant

(1831-70),

3:938, 942; 5:1470

Plekhanov, G. V. (1856-1918), 6:1963 Plunkett, Joseph, 4:1300, 1305; 7:2213

(1867-1922), 2:572; 3:675f; 4:1199; 5:1622 f, 1627; 7:2040, 2042; 10:3082, 3188

10:2999

3979

Redmond, John E.

Poiret, 1:1, 239 Pokrorsky, N. N. (1865-1930), 6:1800 Polemis, Capt. D., 2:416 Poline, 1:1, 153 Polk, Frank, 7:2016 Ponsonby, Arthur, MP, 7:2206; 9:2858-60 Pont, Col., 1:226; 9:2864 Pope, Sir Joseph, 3:818, 821 Poplavko, Lt., 4:1003 Popov, 9:2895 Porsche, Dr. F., 4:1002 Posht-e-Kuh, Wall of, 6:1907

Count (1853-1928),

Pownall, Cdr., 2:469; 3:916 Preston, Col., 10:3155 Pretorius, 3:865-9

Major

Pieter,

Preuss, Hugo, 10:3217-24 Preusser, 9:2762 Prigge, Major, 4:1308 Prince, Capt. T. von, 2:359 Princip, Gavrilo (1893-1918),

1:3,7,31 Prochian, 9:2895 Protic, Stojan, 11:3280 Protopopov, A. D. (1866-1918), 6:1921 Pug^n, 5:1546 Purishkevich, V. M. (1870-1920), 6:1921 PutUov, 1:97; 3:938, 940 Pu-yi, Henry, see Hsuan Tung

Q Quien, George, 3:803 Quinn, Major, 3:906

R Raben, Capt. von, 4:1320 Radek, Karl, 10:3177 f Radoslavov, Vasil (1854-1929), 4:1071, 1073; 5:1586 Radtke, Lt., 4:1272 f Raeder, Capt. Erich (1876-1960), 5:1401 Raleigh, Prof. Sir Walter A. (1861-1922), 2:540

Ramstedt, Capt., 2:365 Randell, Lt., 10:3020

Ransenberger, Prof., 9:2704

6:1938

f,

Roe, A. v., 2:539 Roeckel, 2:540 Roemer, Capt. Beppo, 10:3188 Rogers, Will, 10:3213 Rohm, Capt. Ernst, 11:3516 f delaRoi, Capt., 4:1003 Rolland, Remain, 1:115; 9:2716 RoUs, Hon. C. S. (1877-1910), 2:539 RoUs, Cpl. S. C, 4:1063 Roma, Capt. B., 4:1275

Rauf Bey, 10:3056 Raynal, Cmdt., 5:1542 f Read, Capt. Herbert (1893-1968), 2:592 Rebrikov, Col., 2:612 Reddermann, Maj., 4:1011 Redl, Col. A., 4:1094 Redlich, Capt., 5:1401 Redlich, Josef (1869-1936), 1:105; 6:1827

f;

1948

Rathenau, Walther

Poincare, President Raymond (1860-1934), 1:65, 98, 114, 226, 281, 283 f; 2:433; 3:877; 4:1026, 1126; 5:1498, 1608; 6:1681, 1701, 1902-5; 7:2027, 2040, 2114, 2134, 2137, 2140; 9:2664, 2717, 2865; 10:2968, 3133 f, 3207, 3214, 3232; 11:3366-8,

1:97-9

Peake, Capt. F. G., 10:3013 Pearse, Patrick (1879-1916), 4:1294, 1297-1303, 1305 Pedroncini, Guy, 7:2114,

Raskolnikov, 9:2890 Rasputin, Grigori E.

Plastiras, Col., 11:3489

Pitt, Barrie,

Pourtales,

f

STATESMEN

Rapp, Cmdt., 4:1029 Rapp, 7:2144

(1872-1916), 3:940, 944, 974; 4:1198; 5:1470-2, 1580; 6:1914-21, 1937

Pisani, Capt., 10:3012

Poindexter, Miles, 10:2997

Pares, Prof. Sir Bernard (1867-1949), 6:1921, 1959 Park, Frank, 9:2914 Parker, Alwyn, 10:3199 Paschen, Capt., 1:191 Pasic, Nikola (1845-1926), 1:3, 60, 105 f, 104; 4:1073, 1075, 1115; 5:1583, 1586, 1589 f; 11:3257, 3276-80 Patton, Col. George, 9:2815;

Peltier, Col.,

3315

Pliischow, Lt. Giinther, 2:321-4; 3:812-16

3531 f Panaretov, Stefan, 11:3360 Pankhurst, Mrs. Emmeline, Pankhurst, Sylvia, 9:2884 Pankratov, 9:2899 Panmure, Lord, 2:609 Papen, Capt. Franz von (1879-1971), 4:1005-8, 1092

Pieck, Wilhehn, 10.317&8 de Piepape, Col. P., 10:3002,

Rommel,

Lt.

Erwin

(1891-1944), 1:155; 3:980-4; 8:2382-4

Ronge, Col, 4:1091

(1856-1918), 1:109; 4:1294; 6:1752; 7:2209, 2212, 2216 Reed, John (1887-1920),

8:2472 f Regnault, Amb., 9:2941 Reid VC, Capt. O. A., 6:1976 Reilly, Major, 4:1169 Reilly, Sidney, 4:1090 Rejet Bey, Col., 3:732 Remsi Bey, Col., 3:732 Renner, Karl, 11:3258 f Repington, Col. Charles

Roosevelt, Capt. P., 10:2996 Roosevelt, Franklin D., 11:3531 f Roosevelt, President Theodore (1858-1919), 1:19, 34, 38, 315; 2:406; 3:700-2; 7:1994 f. 2003. 2010, 8:2550; 9:2905; 10:2997. 3102-6. 3207. 3212; 11:3366. 3401. 3506 Root. Elihu (1845-1937). 6:1961 f. 1994 f; 7:2004; 8:2493, 2525; 10:3102,3213; 11:3511 Rosen, Baron von, 4:1275 Roskill, Capt. Stephen (b. 1903), 5:1414 Rosshaupter. 10:3162 Rostel. Erica, 2:612 Rothermere, Viscount, 9:2741 Rotter, 5:1415 Rowe. Lt.-Col. R. H.. 2:365; 4:1320 Rowlatt. Sir Sidney. 11:3302 Royds. Capt.. 6:1731 Rumbold, Sir Horace, 11:3482 Runciman, Walter. 5:1462; 6:1755 Rushdi Pasha. 3:707 RusseU. Bertrand (1872-1970). 4:1284 f; 6:1839-42; 7:2006-8; 10:3242 Russell. Edward. 6:1961 Rutland. Flt.-Cmdr. F. J.. 5:1384; 11:3450 ;

A'Court (1858-1925), 2:425, 432, 436; 3:753; 4:1089, 1190, 1216; 9:2774

Reshid Bey, 10:3056 Reventlow, Count Ernst zu (1869-1943), 2:622

Revet Bey, Col, 10:3002 Rex, Count, 2:316, 318

Reymann, Capt. Max, 1:184 Reynolds, G. B., 2:442 RhalUs, M., 6:1846 Rhondda, Lord, 9:2773 Ribot, Alexandre (1842-1923), 1:283 f; 3:904 f; 6:1706; 7:2026 f, 2137, 2197 f, 2253; 9:2715 f; 10:2990 Richard, Major, 4:1258 Richards, Frank, 3:792 Richardson, Col. J. J., 6:1975 Richthofen, Capt. Manfred Frhr. von (1892-1918), 2:540; 4:1003; 7:2124-31, 2173; 9:2659, 2702, 2818

Sabler. V. K.. 3:939

Rickenbacker, Capt. E., 10:2968 Riddell, Lord, 10:3080; 11:3368 Rietz, Deneys, 10:2970-2 Riezler, 1:64, 100; 2:414

Sacco and Vanzetti. 11:3405 Saconney. Capt.. 2:540

Riley, Cpl., 3:911

2:400.

Rintelen, Capt. F. von, 4:1007

deSt-Just. L. A. L. 5:1510

Ripon, Marquess of, 2:439 Ritter, Dr. Paul, 7:2016 Rizzo, Cdr. Luigi, 10:3074 f Roberts, VC, Lt. F. C, 6:1847 Robida, Albert, 2:592 Robins, Col., 9:2940 Robinson, Mr., 2:362

Saionji,

Robinson VC,

Lt.

W.

Leefe,

f

Sadoul. Capt., 9:2941 SaduUah Bey. Col.. 10:3056 Said Hahm Pasha (1863-1921).

469

Marquis Kimmochi,

11:3288. 3291 Salandra. Antonio (1853-1931), 3:874f, 878, 880 f; 6:1660;

11:3253 Salter, Dr. A., 4:1284

f

Sami Bey. Col. Halil. 3:774 Samson. Cdr. C. R.. 4:1002

f

6:1741-9; 7:2124. 2181

Samuel, Sir Herbert

Robson. Lt.-Col. L., 2:624 f Rodd, Sir James Rennell (1858-1941), 3:875 f, 880 f Rodin. Auguste. 3:874 Rodzianko. M. V. (1859-1924).

(1870-1963). 8:2410; 11:3315.

3317

f

San Giuliano. Marquis

di

(1852-1914). 3:874-7 Sanders, Cdr. W. E., 7:2093

3617

STATESMEN Sanders VC. Capt. W. E. 7:2311 Sandes. E.

L.,

W. C, 6:1780

Santos-Dumont, Alberto (1873-1932). 1:71

Sapieha. Eustachy. 11:3423 Sassoon, Siegfried (1886-1967). 6:1841-3. 1851 f; 10:3240 Saulnier.

Raymond,

4:996;

7:2170 Sauret. 1:204

Savy. Col. 5:1543 Sazonov. Sergei (1866-1927), 1:68. 96-9; 2:406; 3:876 f, 940 f; 4:1072 f, 1075; 5:1472 Scheidemann. Philipp, 7:2040 f; 10:3084. 3116 3172.3221

3123

Shaw, Dr. Anna H., 11:3419 Shaw, G. B.. 7:2214, 2216;

4:1095; 7:2159; 8:2464, 2470 2485 f; 10:2982; 11:3429

9:2860, 2888; 10:3149

Stambuliski, Alexander, 11:3361 f Stambulov, Stefan, 4:1098 Stamfordham, Lord, 4:1217 Starck, 11:3383 Steed, Wickham, 11:3276 Steeg, Theodore, 9:2717 Stefanik, MUan, 7:2156;

Shcheglovitov. I. G. (1861-1918), 3:939 Shcherbatov, Prince (1868-19?), 3:942 Sherman, Lawrence, 11:3394 Shinwell, Emanuel, 7:2206 Shulgin, V. V. (1878-19?), 6:1939 Shuttleworth, Col., 11:3479 Sichler, Richard, 5:1623 f Sidonio, President, 4:1275 Siegert, Major W.. 4:1000 Sikorsky, Igor (b. 1889), 6:1748 Simon, 11:3335

Simon, Sir John (1873-1954), 1:109; 4:1280 f

Schulenberg, Col. Count von

Simonyi-Semadam, 11:3275 Sinclair-MacLagen, E. G., 2:338 Singh, Col. Rajhbir, 5:1373 Sipah Salar, 6:1906, 1908 Sivertz, Gus, 7:2076 Sixte de Bourbon-Parma, Prince, 6:1827, 1900-5, 7:2040 Skeen, Major O. St. J., 3:708 Skoropadsky, 9:2800 Skuludis, S. (1836-1928), 4:1104 Slim, Lt. W., 4:1056 f Slocum, Col. H., 6:1821 Smart, Capt. B. A., 11:3465 Smith, Adam, 9:2712 Smith, Lt. Eric Dorman, 3:928 Smith, Sir F. E. (1872-1930), 6:1752; 7:2213-6; 8:2556, 2561; 11:3480 Smith, G., 5:1644 Smith-Barry, R. R., 7:2188

der, 8:2616-26; 9:2787; 10:3130

Sneevliet,

f.

f,

3132-6,

Scheindl. F., 4:1006 Schiffer. 11:3472 f

Schlageter. Lt. Albert, 10:3186 Schleicher, Major Kurt von, 10:3181 Schlieffen,

FM Alfred Count

von (1833-1913),

1:19, 30 f, 80 247 f, 312; 2:455. 583, 600 Schmidt, 2:416 Schmidt, Marguerite, 3:797 Schnee, Dr. Heinrich

;

f,

(1871-1949), 2:358 Schneider, Franz, 4:996 Schneppenhorst, Ernst,

10:3166 Schoen, Baron von, 1:65 Schonberg. Capt., 2:416, 518, 525, 535 Schratt, Katharina, 6:1827

Schultz, Cdr.

Max,

2:416;

7:2301 Schutz, Lt. Viktor, 5:1437, 1439; 7:2165 Schwab, Charles M. (1862-1939), 3:701; 4:1005 Schwerin, Count, 3:844 Scialoja, Vittorio, 11:3257,

3280 Scott, C. P. (1846-1932),

1:109 f; 2:405; 6:1950 Seeger, Alan (1888-1916), 6:1843 Seguin. 5:1442 Seidel, Fritz, 10:3168 Seidla, Dr. Von., 6:1827 SeUer, 5:1546 Seitz, Capt., 4:1122 f; 10:3075 Seilier. Cpl.-bugler, 10:3137 Selons, F. C, 5:1374 Sembat, Marcel, 1:281, 283 f;

6:1706

f

Semenov, Ataman Grigori (1890-1946); 9:2942; 11:3500 f Senussi, 4:1061-3, 1064-8; 5:1550-5 Serot, Capt., 5:1537 Seton-Watson, R. W., 7:2155-9;

11:3276 Seydl, Bishop, 6:1826 Seymour, Cdr. Ralph F (1886-1922), 2:632-3 Sforza, Count Carlo (1873-1952), 11:3257, 3280,

3479 Shakhorskoy, Prince, 2:569 3618

Hendrik (Maring),

11:3308 Sneyd, Cdr.

F., 9:2728, 2735 Snow, Lt.-Col. C. L., 4:1065 f Snowden, Phillip, MP

(1864-1937), 4:1284; 7:2205-8; 8:2573; 9:2774 Soares, A., 4:1275 Sodenstern, Col. von, 3:732 Solf, Wilhehn (1862-1936), 2:413; 10:3082, 3125, 3133 Solvay, Ernest (1838-1922),

6:1877 SomerviUe, Cdr., 3:916 Sommerfeld, Felix, 6:1824 Sonnino, Baron Sidney (1847-1921), 3:875-81; 6:1800, 1905; 11:3253-6, 3277, 3279 f Sopf, 1:254 Sophia, Queen of Greece,

7:2252 Sorley, Charles, 6:1837

Souter, Lt.-Col., 4:1068 Sowrey, Lt. F., 6:1742-9 Sperrle, Capt. Hugo, 9:2793 Spicer-Simson, Lt.-Cdr. G., 6:1765-8 Spiegel, Cdr. Frhr. von,

7:2092

f,

2310

Spindler, Capt., 7:2213 Spratt, Lt. Norman, 1:264 Spring-Rice, Sir Cecil (1859-1918), 3:703-4; 4:1005 Srobar, Varro, 10:3088 Stabbert, Lt. Franz, 5:1434,

1438

f

StaUn,

J.

V. (1879-1953),

f.

11:3262, 3265 Steinberg, 9:2890 Steinbrinck, Cdr. Otto, 7:2086-91 Stere, Constantine, 10:3029,

3032

f, 1523; 8:2405-10; 10:3010, 3056; 11:3297 Sykes, Sir Percy (1867-1945), 5:1547; 6:1908; 9:2768; 11:3311 Sylvester-Williams, Henry, 11:3331 Syrovy, Jan, 9:2678, 2682

Szab6, N., 11:3275

Szamuely, Tibor, 11:3270, 3273 Szapary, Count, 1:99 Szogy6ny-Marisch, Count von (1841-1916)1:62, 64 f

Taft, William

Stern, Lt. Albert, 5:1640

f

Stevenson, Miss Frances, 10:3226-9 Steyn, Martinus (1857-1916), 2:349 Stinnes, Hugo (1870-1924), 2:413; 9:2804; 10:3027 f Stirling, Capt. A. J. B., 5:1406

1408 Stoikov, Col, 4:1083 Stoker, Lt.-Cdr. H. D. G., 3:914-18 Stolypin, Peter (1863-1911), 3:877; 6:1920 f Stolzenberg, Count, 9:2800,

2803 Stolzmann, 5:1479 Storrs, Sir Ronald (1881-1955), 5:1518, 1522; 8:2393 f Stotzingen, Major von, 5:1524 Strachey, Lytton, 6:1842 Strange, Lt.-Col. L. A., 2:539; 5:1444; 7:2186 Strasser, Capt. Peter (k. 1918), 2:641; 4:989-91, 993; 5:1434, 1437 f; 6:1741-3; 7:2165, 2325; 9:2851 Streit, Dr.,

5:1518

7:2249

Stresemann, Gustav (1878-1929), 3:840; 7:2042; 8:2611; 11:3413, 3469-73

Stuart-Wortley, Major R., 7:2226 f Stumpf, Richard, 11:3449 Sturdza, Col., 6:1929 Stiirgkh, Karl,

Count von

(1859-1916),

62; 6:1677-9,

1:

1825 Sturmer, Boris V. (1848-1917), 3:942, 944; 5:1471

Suarez, Pino, 6:1814 Subhi Bey, Col, 3:781 Sudekum, Albert, 10:3027 Sudet, Ernest, 7:2137 Sueter, Cmdre. M. F., 6:1870 Sukhanov, N. N., 6:1943-5 Sumner, Lord, 11:3474 Sunday, BiUy, 9:2905; 11:3404 Sung Chiao-j en, 4:1039 Sun Yat-sen, Dr. (1866-1925), 2:316; 4:1036-9; 11:3286 Supilo, Frano, 1:106; 11:3276 Surin, Lt.-Col.. 8:2476 Sutton, Lt.-Col. F. G. H., 3:709 Svatikov, 7:2144 Sverdlov. 8:2470 f; 9:2890,

2899 Svinhufvud, Pehr, 9:2800; 11:3348

Sydenham, Lord,

Sir G. Clarke

(1848-1933), 1:82; 3:713; 4:1282 Sykes, Sir Mark (1879-1919),

Howard,

7:1994 f; 10:3102 f, 3213, 3236; 11:3373 Talaat Pasha, Mehmet (1872-1921), 2:398 ff, 425; 3:732; 5:1325-7, 1521; 6:1786; 9:2689; 10:3056 Talal, 10:3005

Talbot, Lt.-Cdr., C. P., 1:187 de TaUeyrand, Charles, 11:3365

Tanev, Col., 4:1083 Tankosic, Major Vojislav, 1:3, 8 Tanner, Lt. E. B., 4:1061 Tanner, Lt.-Col. W. E., 5:1613 Tappen, Dr. von. 2:609 Tardieu, Andre, 11:3256 Taslauanu, O. C, 2:614 f Tatarinov, Col., 6:1715 Tatiana, Grand Duchess, 3:973 f Tawney, R. H., 6:1843 Taylor, Alan J. P. (b. 1906), 2:406, 484; 6:1827; 9:2774 Taylor. Dr. Alonzo. 10:3194 Taylor. Maj. G. H., 6:1846 f du Teil, Col., 9:2923 Tempest, Lt. W. J., 6:1744-9 Tennant, Col. J. E., 9:2758 f

Tennyson-d'Eyncourt, Sir Eustace (1868-1951), 1:175; 3:760; 5:1639 f Tereshchenko, M. (1888-1958), 6:1947, 1958, 1962; 8:2441 Thackeray, Lt.-Col. E. F.,

f

5:1613 f Thiereken, Capt.. 2:416 Thierfelder. Lt., 1:184; 3:871 Thierichens, 2:471 Thomas, Albert (1878-1932). 4:1022; 6:1958, 1962; 7:2197 Thomas, Edward, 6:1837 f Thomason, Capt. John W., 9:2816 f Thompson, William, 6:1962

Thomsen,

Lt.-Col.

f

Hermann,

7:2173; 9:2659 Thomson, Basil (1861-1939), 7:2213, 2216

Thomson,

Col. C. B., 5:1592

Thun, Prince. 7:2156 Thyssen. August (1842-1926), 2:413; 9:2800-4 Tibertius, Dr., 2:574; 5:1623 Tilak, 11:3307

Timm, 10:3162 Tirpitz, Lt. von, 1:192 Tisza, Istvan, Count (1861-1918), 1:62, 64. 105. 107; 4:1071. 1677; 6:1719, 1827;

10:3036, 3084, 3090; 11:3269 Tittoni, T. (1855-1931).

11:3256

f.

3280

f

Toller, Ernst., 10:3162, 3165-8

21 f, 25, 29; 9:2884 Vicuna, Capt., 7:2271 Vigo, Bonnaventure (Almeseyda), 9:2717 Villa, Francisco 'Pancho'

Tonnelat, Lt., 6:1793 Tournes, Cmdt., 7:2108

Tovey, Cdr., J. C. (1855-19?), 5:1398 Toynbee, Prof. Arnold (b. 1889), 5:1325 Trapp, Lt. G. von, 3:922 Traugott von Jagow, 11:3472

f

Trefftz, Lt., 3:812-14

Trelawney, Lt.-Cdr., 5:1408 Trevelyan, C. P., MP, 7:2206 9:2858-60 Tricornot de Rose, Cdmt. (k. 1916), 4:1001:5:1448

f;

Italy (1869-1947), 3:874

f, 877, 884; 8:2375 Viviani, Rene (1863-1925),1:65, 98, 114 f, 283; 4:1035; 6:1706 f Voevod, A. Voida, 10:3036; 11:3362 Voisin, Gabriel (b. 1880), 4:997;

880

Tritton, William, 5:1640;

8:2440 Troeltsch, Ernst, 10:3113 Trotsky, L. D. (1879-1940), 6:1939, 1963 f\ 7:2159, 2207;

2470-80 9:2666, 2688 f, 2891 8:2445-50

f,

f,

2545

f;

f, 2939-44; 11:3424, 3440 Trubetzkoy, Prince, 4:1118

Trumbic, Ante, 1:106; 11:3255-7, 3276-80 Ts'ao Ju-lin, 11:3286 Tschirschky und Bogendorff, H. von. 1:62, 67 Tseretelli,

I.

G. (1881-1959),

6:1947

Tuan

Chi-jui, 8:2526

f;

(1877-1923), 6:1814-21; 7:1993, 2010; 10:2969 Villain, Raoul, 1:114 f Villalobar, 6:1877 f Villiers, Sir Francis, 2:379 Vincent, Daniel, 10:2991 Vissodich, Col., 7:2277 f Vittorio Emanuele III, King of

11:3288

Tukhachevsky, M. N., 8:2488; 11:3429, 3440 Tumulty, Joseph, 8:2549; 10:2998-3000

T'ung Meng Hui, 4:1036, 1039 Turner, Capt. 3:695, 699 Turner, Major, 6:1857

f,

7:2185

Volkonsky, Prince, 6:1942 Vorontsov-Dashkov, Count, 2:500; 4:1155 Voss, Lt. Werner, 7:2226 f Vossuk-ud-Dowla, 6:1908 Vyrubova, Anna (1884-19?), 6:1920

Vyx,

Lt.-Col.,

U

11:3270

W Wagner, Pastor, 1:282

Wain Wright,

Lt. A. E., 6:1768

Waldeck, Capt. Meyer, 2:321 Wales, Prince of, King Edward VIII (1894-1972), 1:111; 2:553 WaUing, WiUiam, 11:3332 Walter, Bruno, 11:3164 Waltz,

J. J.,

6:1793

Walwyn, Capt. H. T., 7:2095 Wang, C. T., 11:3283 Wangenheim, Baron von

Uchida, Viscount Yasuya, 11:3288 Udet, Lt. Ernst (1896-1941), 7:2217 f Ulbricht, Walter, 10:5i76 Ulmanis, KarUs, 10:3185 Ungern- Sternberg, Baron R. von, 11:3503 f Unterleiter, Hans, 10:3163 Uritsky, M. S. (1873-1918), 8:2470 f Usborne, Cdr. N. F., 7:2316

(1859-1915), 2:347, 398, 400;

5:1327

Warburg, Otto, 8:2410 Ward, Col. L. E. S., 2:359 Wardlaw, Lt. Mark, 3:687 Wardle, Capt. T. E., 6:1776 Warm, William, 4:1008 Warneford, VC, Lt. R. A. J., 4:986 f, 1001, 1210-15; 6:1871-6 Wassmuss, 4:1155; 5:1546 Watson, Major, 7:2146 f Watterson, Henry (1840-1921), 3:700

Wauchope, Vahib Bey, 5:1521 VaiUant, E. M. 1:281 Vale, P. O., 3:781 Valentini, R. von, 7:2038, 2040 Valera, Eamon de (1882-1975), 4:1300; 7:2209; 11:3393 Van VoUenhoven, 6:1877 f Vanselow, Capt., 10:3193 Vardaman, James, 10:3103 Varney, Cmdt., 2:389 Vasilev, Col., 4:1083 Veith, Col., 2:619 f Venizelos, Eleutherios (1864-1936), 1:60; 2:399; 3:766; 4:1070-4, 1099, 1124, 1126 f; 5:1584-90, 1645\ 7:2248-53;

10:2981, 3051, 3056; 11:3256 3361, 3484 f

de Verget, Cmdt., 4:1001 Vesni6, Milenko, 11:3279 Victoria,

Queen-Empress,

f,

f

1:19,

Col. A. G., 6:1982

Wavell, Col. Archibald, 3:928; 4:1095 f; 6:1858; 10:3002, 3011, 3017, 3052 Webb, Beatrice (1858-1943)

and Sidney (1859-1947), 2:406; 9:2774, 2858; 11:3334

Webb-Bowen, Col., 4:1320 Weber, Prof. Max. 3:566; 10:3084

Weddigen,

(1864-1945), 2:413

Westminster, Major the Duke 4:1063, 1068 Wetterle, Col. Dupuis, 6:1793 WetzeU, Lt.-Col., 8:2616-26; of,

(1849-1915), 1:126

9:2694

de Witte, Major, 2:377-9 Wobeser, Capt. von, 5:1437 Wolf, Lucien, 8:2412

Wheeler VC, Major, 3:787 Wheeler VC, Major George, 6:1970 White, Col., 4:1134 White, Major Cyril, 2:338 White, Henry, 10:3213 White, Jack, 4:1294 Whittlesey, Major Charles, 10:3045 f Wiesner, Frhr. von, 1:7 f Wilhelm, Crown Prince (1882-1951), 1:87, 88, 104, 152, 154, 279; 2:316, 475; 4:1214, 1245 f, 1260; 5:1357-61;

10:2951, 3022, 3027 I, 1st Kaiser (1797-1888), 1:9 f, 13,247

Lt. Otto, 2:371 f Weir, Sir William, 9:2740 f Weisbach, Lt., 7:2213 Weizmann, Dr. Chaim (1874-1952), 8:2407 f; 11:3317 Wekerle, Dr. Sandor (1848-1921), 10:3087-90 Wellington Koo, V. K., 11:3283-6, 3288, 3291, 3508 WeUs, H. G. (1866-1946), 2:405, 592; 7:2206 Wels, Otto, 10:3120

Wray, Capt. Fawcet (1873-1932), 2:344 f Wrench, Evelyn (1882-1966), 2:575 Wright, Wilbur (1867-1912), 2:538; 4:2005, 2185

Wunsz

King, 11:3285

Wu T'ing-fang, 8:2527

X Xavier of Bourbon-Parma, Prince, 6:1900-5

Wilhelm

Wilhelm II, German Kaiser & King of Prussia (1859-1941), 1:3, 13, 15, 19, 21, 24-5, 29,

35-6, 38, 42, 44-62, 64, 67-8, 85,

f

STATESMEN

Westharp, Kuno, Count von

99 f, 103, 124, 139, 154, 175, 193, 206, 226-8, 301, 310; 2:316, 398, 413, 433, 564, 566, 87,

Yakovlev, 9:2899 York, Cpl. Alvin, 10:3049 Yorke, Lt.-Col, 6:1857 Yoshino, Prof. Sakuzo, 3:976 Young, 10:3013 f Young, Lt. E. H., 9:2725 Yuan Shih-kai, Gen. and President of China (1859-1916),

600, 626, 636 f, 641; 3:753, 798 f, 913, 930, 948, 953, 957, 959, 961, 966 f; 4:989, 1026 f, 1073, 1090, 1102, 1199, 1214, 1260; 5:1377, 1546, 1594, 1627 f, 1632; 6:1806-8, 1825 f, 1874; 7:2039-43, 2083; 10:3000, 3010, 3022-8, 3057, 3080-4,

2:316; 3:976-9; 4:1036-40;

3094, 3116 f, 3121,3125, 3128-31 Wilhelmina, Queen of the Netherlands (1880-1962), 2:367; 10:3027 Wilkins, Sister, 3:803 Williams, E. E., 2:508 WiUiams, E. T., 11:3291 WiUiams, Orlo, 3:768 Willmer, Major, 4:1053 WiUson, Col. Beckles, 3:828 Wilmot-Smith, 3:687 Wilshin, Eng.-Cdr., 2:512 Wilson, Col. A. T., 9:2830 Wilson, Lt. W. G., 5:1640 Wilson, President Woodrow (1856-1924), 2:368; 3:700 f, 704, 798, 821, 978; 4:1004-8, 1206 f, 1224-7; 6:1798-1800, 1807 f, 1814-24, 1959-62; 7:1993-200i, 2014-20, 2083 f, 2159 f, 2207, 2211;8:2525, 2545 f, 2572; 9:2691, 2903-8, 2941; 10:2969, 2997-3000, 3030, 3056, 3071, 3077 f, 3080-4, 3102-6, 3133 f, 3196, 3198, 3204, 3206-9, 3212-6, 3235 f, 3250; 11:3253-7, 3258, 3261, 3279 f, 3283 f, 3288-91, 3296-8, 3327, 3334-6. 3340, 3356-61, 3365-70, 3373, 3376-8, 3389, 3393-6, 3408, 3420, 3474, 3537

Zaghlul Pasha, Saad, 11:3326-9 Zaimis, A., 4:1127; 5:1584 Zapata, EmiUano (1877-1919), 6:1814 Zeid ibn-Hussein, 5:1521; 8:2394 f; 10:3010 f Zekki Pasha, 3:706 Zemstvos, 2:566, 573; 3:974 f

11:3281, 3286 Yurovsky, 9:2900 f Yussupov, Prince Felix (1887-1968), 6:1919, 1921, 1937

Zetkin, Clara, \{):3176, 3179

Zimbrakakis,

Col.,

5:1587

Zimmerman, Col., 4:1316-20 Zimmermann, Arthur (1864-1940), 2:365, 414; 4:1224; 6:1800, 1824; telegram;

7-201&19, 2212 Zinoviev, G. E., 8:2471 Zita, Empress (b. 1892), 6:1825-7, 1900-5; 7:2039

f;

11:3258 Zlatarov, Col.. 4:1083 Zubair, Sheikh of, 3:787 Zuckschwerdt, Cmdr.. 3:871

Zugmayer, 5:1546 Zukunftskrieg, 2:589-92 ZupeUi, Vittorio, 3:875 Zweig. Stefan, 11:3260 Zymbrakakis, Col. P.. 7:2252

Wimborne, Lord (1873-1939), 4:1297

f

Winstone, James, 6:1751 Wintgens, Capt. Otto, 6:1760 Wintour, Capt. C. J.. 5:1406 f Wiseman, Sir William, 11:3370 Witte, Count Sergei Y.

3619

SHIPS

D A6ou*j>. 2:370-2:6:1802

Admiral Makarov, 3:949; 7:2102-4 Africa, 1:182: 7:2312 Agamemnon. 3:721. 724;

10:3056 Agincourt, 1:174; 2:400; 5:1407 Alcantara, 6:1776 f Algonquin, 7:2019 Aquitania, 1:184; 4:1058 ^ra6ic. 3:685. 687:4:1208,

1226 Arethusa, 1:186, 188-93; 2:627. 632:6:1730:7:2313 Argus, 11:3461. 3465-7 Ariadne, 1:192 f. 199 f Ark Royal, 4:1002; 7:2312, 2317; 10:3018 Astraea, 2:359; 3:865 Aurora (Brit), 2:627. 633

Aurora 2480

(Rus), 8:2472. 2476,

Australia, 1:174; 2:336-40

Hampshire, 2:416, 420, 424;

Daffodil, 9:2724 f. 2728. 2732-5 Dartmouth, 2:359; 3:865. 924;

4:1122 f; 7:2272 Defence, 2:524; 1398

Bacchante, 2:370-2 Baden, 10:3058; 11:3452-5 Baralong, 3:687. 798 Bayan, 1:174 f; 3:949; 7:2104 Barham, 5:1392, 1399. 1408 Bayern, 7:2104 Ben-My-Chree, 4:1003; 5:1524; 7:2316 f; 11:3460

Birmingham,

1:188; 2:626

Black Prince, 5:1395, 1408, 1425 Blucher, 1:174; 2:622-4, 626-34 Bogatyr, 3:947-9 Bouvet, 2:718, 724 Breslau, 2:342-7, 544, 400. 425, 469; 4:1262, 1309 f; 5:1437. 1566; 6:1770. 1786; 8:2569; 10:3020 Brilliant, 9:2724, 2729, 2737 Bristol, 1:184; 2:524-7, 536; 7:2272 Broke, 5:1408 f; 7:2302 f Busra, 6:1779, 1973

Helgoland 7:2271

f,

1424

f

Derfflinger, 1:174; 2:622-4. 626-33; 5:1385, 1393, 1397, 1400-4, 1431

Dreadnought, 1:43, 50 Dresden, 1:185; 2:511-18. 532-6; 3:870-2; 6:1770 Dublin, 2:343 f; 3:924

f

(Aus), 4:1122

f;

f

Helgoland (Ger), 10:3114 Hermes, 1:182; 7:2312; 11:3460, 3465 Hibemia, 1:182; 4:1061; 7:2312 Highflyer, 1:185; 6:1774 Hogue, 1:193; 2:370-2; 6:1802 Hyacinth, 2:359; 3:864. 867,

700

f;

4:1006, 1206-8. 1225

f;

6:1824; 7:1993. 1996. 2015 Lutzow, 5:1384 f. 1393. 1398. 1400-4. 1417. 1431

M

869

6:1774

Eber, 1:185; 3:870

Edgar, 3:690-3

Emden,

1:185; 2:321, 336-40, 416-24, 447. 510; 3:708; 4:1044; 6:1770; 11:3453. 3455 Empress of Russia, 2:420. 424

Imperatriza Maria, 4:1309; h:1567f Indefatigable, 2:342 f, 469; 5:1384 f, 1393, 1417 Indomitable, 1:50; 2:342 f, 469. 626-33; 5:1400

Encounter, 2:336 f Engadine, 5:1378. 1384, 1399;

Inflexible, 2:520. 525-36; 3:721,

7:2313-7; 11:3461

Intrepid, 9:2724, 2728, 2735 Invincible, 1:50, 191; 2:520-36; 5:1400, 1424 Iphigenia, 9:2724, 2728, 2735

Erin, 1:174; 2:400 Espiegle, 2:447-9; 3:781; 4:1146-8 Euryalus, 2:370 ff; 3:771, 922;

8:2396

724

f;

6:1733

9:2724 f, 2732-5 Iron Duke, 1:176, 196; 2:370; 5:1379, 1398. 1402. 1407-i5 1428. 1465; 6:1731 f; 7:2099 Irresistible, 3:724 f Iris,

7:2309

f

6:1767

f

Firefly, i:116&9, 1172, 1176;

6:1973 Friedrich der Grosse, 4:1007; 5:1382, 1400, 1404; 11:3450-4 Furious, 11:3464-6

G 3448

General, 2:342-4

George Washington, 10:3207-9, 3212 f; 3235 f Glasgow, 2:510-18, 525-36; 3:872:6:1774

Monmouth,

K

N

Kaiser, 1:176; 8:2564 f Kaiser Wilhelm //. 1:184 f Kaiser Wilhelm der Grosse,

Nassau,

Montcalm,

Mowe,

1:50; 3:951; 5:1408 Zealand, 1:191; 2:622, 626-32; 5:1384 f. 1394 Nine Bixio, 4:1122 i Noordam, 4:1007 f Nottingham, 2:624, 626; 6:1731-3

10:3113

O

Gneisenau, 1:197; 2:321. 336-8, 416. 510-18, 525, 528-35;

3:864-9; 4:1002; 5:1376;

6:1770 Goeben, 2:342-7, 346, 400, 425,

6:1758-63. 1767, 1770; 7:2316

469; 4:1089, 1262, 1309 f; 5:1437, 1566-9; 6:1770; 8:2569;

Kronprinz Wilhelm, 1:184

f;

11:3450 f;

6:1735, 1770; 7:2104 Kursk, 9:2768, 2771 f f;

f;

Ocean, 2:447, 469; 3:724 f Odin, 2:446-9; 3:781, 783; 4:1146. 1148 Oldenburg, 5:1408; 10:3059, 3062 Oleg, 3:947-9; 11:3448 Orama, 2:524; 3:872; 6:1774

Osman

I, see Agincourt Otranto, 2:bll-lS

//ope, 2:510-18

Grosser Kurfiirst, 6:1735; 7:2104

Hamidieh, 2:400, 469; 5:1566-7

f

f;

7:2104; 11:3451

H

1:184; 6:1772-7

2:336, 359, 416, 510-18, 525, 528-36; 6:1770;

Cap Trafalgar, 1:185; 3:870 f; 6:1770 Carmania, 3:870 f; 6:1774 Carnarvon, 2:524-36 Chatham, 2:342. 359; 3:865 C/io, 3:708 f; 4:1146-8 Comet. 4:1148, 1152, 1176 Contest, 5:1408 f Conte Rosso, 11:3461. 3465 f Cornwall, 2:524-36 Courageous, 7:2099; 8 2564 Courbet, 1:174; 2:341 Cranefly, 5:1328 f Cressy, 2:370-2; 6:1802

Good

2:510-18

2:336-8. 420; 3:825

Numberg,

Konigin Luise, 1:186 Konigsberg, 2:340, 359

10:3020

416. 420;

Novara, 7:2269, 2271

6:1770 Kent, 2:524-36; 3:872 Kolberg, 2:626 f. 632 f Koln, 1:192 f, 199 Konig, 1:176; 5:1398, 1400

3:871

f,

New

Kaiserin, 8:2564 f Kaiserin Elizabeth, 2:321 Karlsruhe, 1:184 f; 3:870 f;

10:5055 Gloucester, 2:343

420

Marmaris, 4:1144, 1148 Melbourne, 2:336-40, 420 Messudieh, 2:469; 3:729, 914 Meteor, 2:632; 6:1770 Mimi, 6:1765-8

Jonquil, 4:1056 f Julnar, 5:1328. 1339. 1344, 1347; 9:2758

Campania, 7:2316; 11:3460 f Canopus, 2:517-18. 525-8; 3:721

f.

f;

Mohawk, 6:1729, 1735 Moltke, 2:622-4, 626-33; 3:951; 5:1385, 1401, 1406 f; 6:1735; 7:2104; 10:3059, 3062

1:184; 6:1770

Gavriil, 11:3444,

1:192; 2:626;

5:1415 Mainz, 1:190-3 Majestic, 3:721 f. 724. 905. 907; 4:1124 Malaya, 5:1395, 1408 Markgraf, 5:1401-4; 11:3454 Marlborough, 5:1398 f. 1402 f

3:947

Minotaur, 2:338 8:2567

Famborough, 5:1561, 1572; Fearless, 3:788-90

Magdeburg,

Mmerua, 2:469:3:711

Falmouth, 2:624; 6:1733

Fifi,

Lowestoft, 2:371, 626 Lurcher, 1:188, 192; 2:627 Lusitania, 1:184; 3:685 f, 695-9,

Macedonia, 2:525-36 passim;

Glorious, 7:2099; 8:2564;

3620

Lion, 1:191 f. 199 f; 2:622, 626-34; 5:1384-1402, 1406, 1431; 7:2099 Lord Nelson, 1:174; 3:721, 724

E

D'Entrecasteaux, 3:709; 5:1550

B

5:1465:6:1750 Hardinge, 2:708

Laconia, 7:2016

f

Leinster, 10:3082, 3133 Leipzig, 2:336. 510-18, 525,

528-35; 6:1770

Partridge, 8:2567 Petard, 5:1395, 1408. 1413

Petropavlosk, 11:3444, 3448 Posen, 3:951; 5:1408 President Kruger, 9:2768. 2771 Princess Royal, 1:191; 2:622, 626-32; 5:1384 f, 1393-7, 1406

Prim

River Clyde, 3:768-73 Riviera, 6:1729

f;

11:3460 Rurik, 1:174; 3:949-51; 7:2102

Eitel Friedrich, 2:416;

f; 6:1770 Prinzregent Luitpold, 8:2566

1799, 1824; 7:1993-5, 2015 Swiftsure, 2:469; 3:724 f, 922 Sydney, 2:336-40, 418, 420, 424; 3:708; 4:1044 Szent Istvdn, 10:3073-5

3:871

Q Queen Elizabeth,

1:174; 3:719,

721, 724 f, 763, 768-72, 916 5:1384; 11:3452 Queen Mary, 1:191; 2:622; 5:1384, i555/, 1417, 1431

f;

R

Schamhorst, 2:321, 336-8, 416, 510-18, 522-5, 528-35; 6:1770 Seydlitz, 1:197; 2:622-4, 626-33, 637; 3:951; 5:1377 f, 1393, 1395, 1401-4,

1406

1417-20

f,

Seydlitz, 2:525, 536 Sinus, 9:2724, 2729, 2737 Slava, 3:949; 7:2102-4 Southampton, 2:624, 626 f,

633; 5:1394

f,

Stettin, 1:188

Rashadieh, see Erin Repulse, 8:2564 f Requin, 2:469; 3:708

f;

5:1550

SHIPS

Sussex, 5:1378, 1564; 6:1730,

7:2313, 2317;

f

Vindictive, 7:2104; 9:2724-37 Viribus Unitis, 1:174; 8:2570 Von der Tann, 2:622-4, 626; 3:951; 5:1385-93; 7:2313

Tegetthoff, 10:3073-5 Terror, 9:2729 f Thetis, 9:2724, 2728, 2735 Thunderer, 1:176; 5:1407, 1420 Tiger, 1:174, 199 f; 2:626-33; f, 1393 f, 1431 Triumph, 2:322, 324; 3:724,

5:1384

907, 922; 4:1124 Tulip, 7:2086, 2310

1406

11:3460

W Warrior, 5:1398 f, 1424 f Westfalen, 1:50; 5:1401, 1407, 1413; 6:1732 Weymouth, 2:344, 359;

4:1122 f Wiesbaden, 5:1398-1404, 1425

f

Stralsund, 1:188; 2:626 Strassburg, 1:188, 190 Suffren, 2:469; 3:724

Yarmouth, 2:416, 420, 424; Vindex, 5:1377; 6:1730;

11:3461

f

ILLUSTRATIONS & DIAGRAMS AIRCRAFT

11:3294 Sjoichronising gear, 4:998 Zeppelin-Staaken R VI, 7:2167

12-cm fortress gun, 5:1474 15-cm M1899 howitzer, 8:2371 15-cm M1914 howitzer. 8:2370

Etrich Taube, 1:75 Lohner B I, 2:543

Great Britain

22.5-cm mortar, 2:494 30.5-cm Skoda howitzer, 1:132

France

9:2699

Bleriot XI, 2:542

Avro

Austria-Hungary

Breguet-Michelin 4, 6:1794 Deflector gear (MoraneSaulnier), 4:998

Farman MF7 Longhorn, 1:73 FBA Type H, 11:3462 Gnome Monosoupape rotary, 6:1866 Morane-Saulnier L, 1:74 Morane-Saulnier N, 4:998 Nieuport 11,5:1450 Nieuport 17, 7:2231 Nieuport 28, 9:2867 Salmson 2 A2, 9:2826 Spad VII, 6:1866 Spad XIII, 7:2230 Voisin 13.5 metre, 2:542

Germany

AEGG

111,6:1795 Albatros B II, 1:73 AlbatrosD III, 7:2126 Albatros D V, 7:2231 Aviatik B 1, 1:263 Bombs, 7:2165 Fokker D VII, 9:2791 Fokker D VIII, 11:3295 Fokker E I, 4:998

Fokker E III No 1 Supplement, 5:1446 Friedrichshafen G III, 9:2699 Gotha G IV. 7:2167 Hannover CL Ilia, 9:2659 Hansa-Brandenburg D, 1:262

Armstrong-Whitworth

FK

8,

Bulgaria 75-mm Schneider-Canet gun, 4:1083 37-mm Puteaux gun, 9:2874

504, 1:263 BE 2a, 1:76 Bristol Boxkite, 1:73 Bristol F2B. 11:3294 Bristol MIC. 9:2827

Coastal Star No 4, 9:2658 9, 10:3020

4.

75-mm gun No

DH DH

Porte-Felixstowe F 3, 11:3462 RE 8, 6:1867 Short Folder seaplane, 2:543 Short 827, 4:1144 Sopwith 11/2 Strutter, 6:1794 Sopwith Fl Camel, 9:2740 Sopwith Tabloid, 1:262 Sopwith Triplane, 7:2127 SSZ, 7:2315 SSZ control car, 7:2315 Vickers FB 5, 5:1446

9:2855 Macchi 7, 11:3462 Pomilio PD, 7:2281 SAML 1, 7:2281 SVA 5, 7:2230 5,

M

6:1683

220-mm mortar, 6:1699 270-mm mortar, 6:1698 340-mm BatignoUes rail gun, 9:2934

7.7-cmgun, 1:214

Russia Sikorsky Ilya Mouromets, 6:1746

United States Packard-Le P6re

LUSAC

turn, 5:1446

ARTILLERY Austria-Hungary 7.5-cm cupola, 2:617 7.5-cm Skoda M1915 mountain gun, 10:3070 10-cm howitzer, 2:495 10.5-cm gun, 8:2371

M1916 gun, 7:2202 AAgun, 10:3211 AAgun, 10:3211 10-cm M1890 gun, 6:1922 10-cm M1917 gun, 9:2787

7.7-cm 7.7-cm 8.8-cm 11,

Thomas-Morse S-4C, 10:2994

9:2699 L 2 control car, 2:643 L 3, 2:643 L 14, 5:1434 L 59, 8:2327 LFG Roland C II, 6:1867 LVG C VI, 9:2826 Siemens-Schuckert D IV,

155-mm Schneider, 9:2874 155-mm Rimailho howitzer,

rifle. 9:2927 3.7-cm anti-tank gun, 9:2927

10:2994

I,

howitzer,

1:271

Germany 13-mm anti-tank

8:2463

Immehnan

120-nmi gun, 5:1530

155-mm M1898

21-cm mortar, 1:290 25-cm minenwerfer, 2:495 38-cm rail gun, 4:1247 42-cm Krupp howitzer. 1:134 Great Britain

AA gun.

13-pdr

10:3210

2.75-inch mountain gun, 2:438 18-pdr gun, 1:214 gun, 10:3210 3-inch 4.5-inch howitzer, 1:214

60-pdr

75-mm AA gun, 10:3211 90-mm M1878 gun, 1:271 105-mm M1913 gun. 6:1923 120-mm M1878 gun. 1:221

9:2934

Hansa-Brandenburg FB,

Junkers J

Supplement,

370-mm mortar, 5:1363 400-mm St Chamond rail gun,

Italy

Caproni Ca

1

1:214

Handley-Page 0/100, 9:2855 Handley-Page V/1500, 11:3295

(8.26-inch),

AA

France

7:2314

21-cm Paris gun 9:2707

10.5-cm howitzer, 5:1609 10.5-cm gun, 1:214 13-cm gun, 6:1922 15-cm howitzer (5.9-inch), 5:1530 15-cmT-stoff shell, 2:611 15-cm M1913 howitzer, 7:2203 15-cm M1916 Krupp gun, 7:2202 15-cm L/40 naval gun, 9:2643 17-cm rail gun, 5:1362

Mk

I,

5:1609 II gun, 3:858 VII gun,

QF Mk

4.7-inch 4.7-inch

QFMk

5:1530 5-inch howitzer. 3:830

Cohorn mortar, 3:756 Light mine thrower. 3:756 6-inch Ml 886 howitzer. 1:291 6-inch 26-cwt howitzer, 5:1501 IV howitzer, 5:1501 8-inch I howitzer, 5:1531 9.2-inch III rail howitzer, 12-inch

Mk Mk Mk

7:2286 12-inch 15-inch

Mk Mk

IX I

rail gun. 7:2286 howitzer, 8:2337

Italy

65-mm mountain gun. 149-mm gun. 9:2838 305-mm gun, 9:2838

6:1667

Japan

150-mm

howitzer, 2:325

Rumania 75-mm Krupp gun. 5:1595 Russia

76.2-mm gun. 5:1474 120-mm Krupp howitzer. 2:495

122-mmM1909 French howitzer, 3:935

150-mm Ml 884

howitzer,

1:242

150-mm Krupp howitzer, 2:495 6-inch howitzer. 5:1474 250-mm coastal gun. 2:495 Turkey 7.62-cm Krupp gun. 6:1895 12-cm M1904 howitzer. 6:1894

362 i

ILLUSTR.4TIONS

Sevmour

(destroyer leader),

8:2538

Sydney Shore emplacement. 3:728

(cruiser). 2:418 Turret flash, 5:1427 Vindictive (cruiser), 9:2726

United States 4.7-inch gun. 7:2006

AND NAVAL ARMAMENTS SHIPS

Viribus Unitis (dreadnought),

8:2570

France

Bouvet

Faa

Bruno

di

(monitor),

10:3231 Grillo (net-climbing boat).

10:3231

MAS 57 (torpedo boat). 7:2269 Ibuki (battle-cruiser). 2:334

Turkey Hamidieh Marmaris

Blucher

(battle-cruiser), 2:634

4:1144

Bremen

(cruiser). 1:48

2:418 Friedrich der Grosse (dreadnought), 5:1410

Goeben

(battle-cruiser), 2:346

Mines, 6:1810 (merchant raider), 6:1775 Naval guns, 1:180 Prinzregent Luitpold (dreadnought), 8:2566 Rheinland (dreadnought), 1:51 Schamhorst (armoured

Mowe

cruiser), 2:522 Seydlitz (battle-cruiser), 5:1418 Stettin (cruiser). 1:188

S 49

(destroyer), 7:2306

Torpedo, 8:2539 Turret flash. 5:1427 f/ 9 2:373, 466 U 139, 8:2539 f/Si4, 4:1123 UB 80, 8:2539 UC 26, 6:1810

Great Britain AE 2 (submarine), 3:915

Armed

trawler, 3:682

Bll (submarine), 2:466 Edgar (cruiser), 3:690 Firefly (gunboat), 4:1166

Furious (aircraft carrier), 11:3466 Glorious (light battle-cruiser), 10:3058 Invincible (battle-cruiser), 2:522 Iron Duke (dreadnought), 5:1411 K-class submarine, 10:3230 Kil-class patrol gunboat, 10:3230 Lion (battle-cruiser), 2:634 Marshal Soult (monitor), 6:1728

Mohawk

(destroyer), 6:1729

Motor launch, 7:2306 Naval guns, 1:180

Pilot,

United States (dreadnought),

7:2006

VEHICLES France Ambulance, 5:1362 Char de Rupture, 2C. 11:3406 Le Verger armoured car, 2:382 Minerva armoured car, 2:382 Renault 15-ton artillery tractor, 8:2603

Renault

FT

17 Ught tank,

10:3043

Saconney-Delahaye balloon winch, 8:2603 St Chamond tank, 7:2119 Schneider tank, 7:2118

6.

362

soldier.

tank, 10:3098

Bussing mobile workshop, 8:2603 LK II light tank, 11:3407 Great Britain Daimler bus, 8:2602 Daimler-Foster tractor, 3:754 Holt caterpillar tractor. 5:1643 Littlejohn's

armoured

train.

2:382 Little Willie tank, 5:1642

Mk Mk

IV tank, 7:2152 IV female with fascine,

8:2414

Mk VIII

tank. 11:3407

Mother tank, 5:1643 Pontoon bridging train. 5:1334 Rolls-Royce armoured car, 4:1062 Talbot armoured car, 2:382 Water cart, 6:1856 Italy Fiat 2000 tank, 11:3406 Italia

ambulance, 8:2602

Austria-Hungary Artilleryman, 2:618 Cavalry trooper 1916, 5:1475 Infantryman, 1:144

Infantryman, 4:1238

Poland Lancer (Austrian

service),

11:3342

Infantryman (French

service),

11:3342

Cavalry trooper (Russian

Rumania 4:1110

Artilleryman, 1:102 Hussar. 1:102 Infantryman 1914, 1:102 Infantryman (winter 1914), 2:559 Infantryman 1916, 5:1635 Jager, 1:103 Kaiserlich Schutztruppe NCO. 5:1370 Landsturm soldier, 2:551 Naval gunnery officer, 5:1403 PUot, 5:1443 Sailor, 2:529 Stormtrooper, 8:2623 U-boat commander, 3:684

Germany

A7V

Montenegro

Portugal Infantryman, 9:2699

Spahi, 1:207 Zouave, 1:207

Alpenkorps

clothing),

service), 11:3342

5:1443 Sailor, 3:725

Germany

UNIFORMS

dera (seaplane carrier), ?9

Infantryman (winter 3:326

France Chasseur Alpin, 3:664

3:653

New Mexico

Japan Infantryman, 3:327

Czechoslovakia Legionnaire, 9:2678

5:1567

(cruiser).

Queen Elizabeth

.772

Bulgaria Infantryman, 4:1082 Officer, 4:1082

(river gunboat),

United States Mk VIII tank, 11:3407

"

Infantryman 1918, 10:3099

Infantryman 1914, 1:159 Infantryman (horizon bleu),

P-class river steamer, 6:1979 Picket boat, 4:1086 Q-ship, 3:682

(dreadnought), 3:718 River Clyde (landing ship),

Infantryman, 2:383

Fusilier mitrailleur, 8:2342

(battleship). 3:718

(cruiser),

Belgium

Colonial solider, 11:3310 Dragoon, 1:159 Foreign Legionnaire, 5:1551

Russia Imperatriza Maria (dreadnought), 5:1567 Rurik (cruiser), 3:950

Germany Baden (dreadnought). 10:3058

Emden

Italy

Alpino, 3:886 Artilleryman, 3:886 Bersaghere, 3:886 Infantryman, 3:886 Infantry officer, 3:886 Sailor, 3:925

Italy

Japan Austria-Hungary Novara (cruiser). 7:2269

Infantryman 1917, 8:2371 Sailor, 3:925

Great Britain Afrikaner commando, 2:353

Cavalry officer. 5:1595 Infantryman, 5:1595

Russia Artilleryman, 5:1474 Cavalry officer. 5:1475 Cavalry trooper. 1:243 Cossack, 2:550 Infantryman, 1:243 Infantryman (winter clothing), 6:1933 Red Guard. 11:3442

Serbia

Infantryman 1914, 1:144 Infantryman 1918, 10:2986

Turkey Cavalry trooper, 2:433 Infantryman, 2:428

United States

Askari, 2:356 Australian infantryman, 3:779 Bedouin tribesman, 8:2398 Br/Indian Army officer, 3:745 Camel Corps private, 10:3014 Cavalry trooper, 1:168 Field artilleryman. 7:2287 Gurkha. 10:3009 Highlander (winter 1914), 2:559 Indian Army types, 3:746 Infantryman 1914, 1:168 Infantryman 1916, 5:1511 Lance-Naik, 20th Punjabis,

Artillery captain, 10:2959 Cavalry trooper, 6:1818

3:748 Marine. 2:383

Artillery 18-pdr battery, 6:1694

Naval gunnery officer, 5:1403 New Zealand infantryman,

Bruchmiiller's fireplan, 9:2653

3:779

RFC RFC

pilot,

6:1746

private, 6:1747

Sailor, 2:529

Sergeant, 17th Mahrattis, 3:748 Sikh infantryman, 3:711 Submarine officer, 3:914 Tank crewman, 8:2414 VAD, 9:2775 WAAC, 9:2775

Greece Infantryman, 7:2253 Infantry officer, 7:2253

Infantryman, 7:2006 Infantry sergeant, 8:2633 Red Cross, 8:2367

CHARTS AND DIAGRAMS Aircraft Aircraft development 1914-16, 6:1867 Air strengths 1914, 2:542

Fort Douaumont, 4:1250 Li6ge fortress, 1:133

Naval Br & G battleships 1914, 1:45 Br & G shells. 5:1390 Br naval chain of command, 7:2094

Convoy, 8:2540 Coronel ships comparison, 2:514 Dogger Bank ships comparison, 2:638 Falldands ships comparison, 2:530

G

submarine command

structure, 6:1804 Jutland ships comparison, 5:1380 Jutland ships damage, 5:1429 Naval balance of forces 1914,

Ranging technique, 5:1388 Seydlitz' flooding, 5:1418

Submarine war 1917, 7:2087 Submarine war 1917/18, 8:2530 Vehicles

Br tank tactics, 8:2414, 2424 Tank crew dispositions, 7:2152

1:178

Q-ship tactics, 7:2308

Others Gas, 11:3266 G stormtrooper tactics, 8:2622 G trench system, 3:858 Hindenberg Line, 7:2034 Mesopotamia communications,

ILLUSTRATIONS Rifles, 11:3321

Trench consolidation, 6:1969

Trench raiding, 6:1851 Tunnelling

6:1887

& mining,

4:1222

DATES OF MAJOR BATTLES AISNE,

1st Battle of the, Sept

1914

AISNE, 2nd

Battle of the,

Apr

1917

AMIENS, Battle of, Aug 1918 ARRAS, Battle of, Apr 1917

BELLAU WOOD,

Battle

of,

Jun 1918

CAMBRAI,

MARNE,

FALKLAND ISLANDS,

Jul 1918

Battle of the, Dec 1914

MASURIAN LAKES,

GAZA, 1st Battle of. Mar 1917 GAZA, 2nd Battle of, Apr

Battle of the. Sept 1914

TANNENBERG,

MASURIAN LAKES,

Aug

1917

(winter)

GAZA,

3rd Battle

of,

Nov

1917 Battle

of,

Nov

1917

CAPORETTO,

Battle

of,

Oct

1917

CHATEAU-THIERRY, of,

Jan 1915

Battle

Jun 1918

CTE SIPHON,

ISONZO,

Battle of the,

Battle

of,

Nov

DOGGER BANK,

Battle

of,

Aug

of,

of,

of,

Battle

of,

Aug

1914

YPRES,

see Ypres

Battle

of,

Oct 1914

1st Battle of,

Oct

1914

PI AVE, Battle of 1918

the,

MARNE,

Sept 1914

SAINT ELOI,

Battle

Oct 1918

WARSAW,

Battle

of,

Feb-Dec

VITTORIA VENETO,

Battle

Jun 1917

RAVA RUSSKAYA,

Sept 1914

Battle

MESSINES RIDGE, of,

1914 1st Battle of the.

Battle

1914

1916

JADAR, Battle of, Aug 1914 JUTLAND, Battle of, May of,

2nd

VERDUN,

PASSCHENDAELE,

Battle

Battle of the,

Jul-Nov 1916

1st

Battle of the, Jan 1915

MONS,

1916

1915

the,

SOMME,

1915

LE CATEAU,

1915

Jun

2nd Battle of

Jun

YPRES, 2nd

Battle

of,

Apr

1915 Battle

of,

YPRES,

3rd Battle

of.

Jul-Nov 1917 Battle

of.

Mar

(Passchendaele).

3623

Glossary many of the common abbreviations and semi-official words or phrases current among the English-speaking forces at the time of World War I. Some of the expressions and military terminology of that time have continued in use to the present, while others are probably meaningless to all modern readers except historians and researchers of the period. Used in conjunction with the Encyclopedia of World War I set as a whole, the glossary should help the general reader to understand both the technical terms and the everyday idiom of the period. This brief glossary contains

A special list of slang words and expressions also appears in Volume

9, in

a feature entry called The Language of the

Trenches (starting on page 2596) which tells the story of the effects of the War on the way people communicated.

A.D.C. A.D.Corps A.E.C. A.E.F.

A.O. A.O.C. A.P.C. A.S.C.

Aide-de-Camp Army Dental Corps Army Educational Corps American Expeditionary Force

Bombers

Grenade throwing bombing aircraft

Box barrage

Artillery

Army Order Army Ordnance Corps Army Pay Corps Army Service Corps

Brass Hat

Senior Officer

Bully-Beef

Corned beef

Burglars

Bulgarians

Byng Boys

Canadian troops

C.B.

Confined to barracks punishment

^-^» V^«o»

Casualty Clearing Station

CO.

Commanding

A.P.M.

Assistant Provost Marshal (Military Police)

Ack Ack-Ack

Signaller's

code for

Anti-aircraft guns Signaller's code)

letter 'A'

&c (from

shell fire

Catwalk

Brick pathway across fields

'Showy', or high-scoring airman

Char

French for tank

A

Cherry Nobs

Military Police (UK) color of their caps

Chinese attack

A trick

Chit

Any

Circus

Large aircraft formations, usually

German (from French

Fictitious supernatural intervention

during retreat from

B.A.B.

Mons

New Zealand Army Corps Popular term for anti-aircraft guns Bab-code, from a confidential telephone code book

Australia and

B.E.F.

British Expeditionary Force

B.I.O.

Branch Intelligence Officer (Air Force liaison)

Bangalore

Exploding weapon for destroying barbed wire

Barrage

Officer (more

O.C.)

Turk

Allemand)

Archie

—a

Coastal Motor Boat

Abdul Ace Alleyman

Anzac

rations

C.M.B.

Air Mechanic (or Ante Meridiem)

Mons

term for protective

correctly,

Ack-Emma

Angel of

experts, or

Concentrated artillery sea-mine field

fire

or large

— from the

or feint

official

form

German Civvies

Civilian clothes

Compo

Pay

Conchie

Conscientious Objector

Contemptibles

Original B.E.F. (from a speech by the Kaiser)

Creeping barrage

Artillery term for advancing fire

D.C.M.

Distinguished Conduct Medal

D.F.C.

Distinguished Flying Cross

D.F.M.

Distinguished Flying Medal

D.R.L.S.

Despatch Rider Letter Service

i

i

Batman

Officer's servant

D.S.C.

Distinguished Service Cross

Battle-bag

Naval airship

D.S.M.

Distinguished Service Medal

Billet

Quarters in house or a specific job

D.S.O.

Distinguished Service Order

Blighty

England or

Darts

Blu Cross

Auxiliary Veterinary Service

Flechettes dropped over trenches

Blue Cross Gas

A German

Dazzle

A

Dig-in

^oche

German

Consolidate position by entrenchment

3624

Home

poison gas (from the colour coded shell)

— mainly a French word

striped naval

from

aircraft

camouflage

i

GLOSSARY

Dixie

Any

E.E.F.

Egyptian Expeditionary Force

E.F.C.

Expeditionary Force Canteens

M.L.

(Mesopotamia)

M.M.

Motor Launch Military Medal

M.O.

Medical Officer/Orderly

M.T.V. Mangle Mesop/Mespot

Motor Transport Volunteers

cooking-pot

Emma

Signaller's

F.A.

Field Artillery

F.A.N.Y.

First

code

*M'

letter

Aid Nursing Yeomanry Corps

(UK) F.P.I.

Field Punishment One (which entailed the offender being lashed to a gun wheel for a given period)

Flight

Five or six aircraft unit

Four by

Two

Rifle pull-through

(from

Fritz

German

G.H.Q.

General Headquarters

G.M.

George Medal

Gas Bag

Airship

Gong

Medal

Gotha

Name

size)

Green Cross Society

Stokes mortar

Mystery ships

See Q-Ships

N.A.C.B. N.C.O. National Guard

Navy and Army Canteen Board Non-Commissioned Officer City of London Volunteer Regt.

Nissen hut

General purpose corrugated iron building

used for virtually any

No-man's Land

British battleship

Strip of land (up to 14 -mile wide)

between opposing trenches

and

battlecruiser

fleet

Granny

Mouth Organ

(UK)

German bomber Grand Heet

Micks Minnie

Machine-gun Mesopotamia Irish Guards Regt., or Irish unit German trench mortar

Any large howitzer Women's Reserve Ambulance Society (UK)

Green Cross Shell

Type of German poison gas

Gun-bus

Early machine-gun carrying

shell

O.C. O.C.A.C.

Officer Officer

Commanding Commanding

(also

CO.)

Administration Center

O.P. Oil

Observation Post

Can

German

10-inch trench mortar

shell

airplane (Vickers)

Hard Tack

Biscuit

Hate

Artillery

bombardment

Ole

Bill

Old

soldier, veteran

(UK)

One-pip

2nd-lieutenant (from rank badge)

Ops

Operations

ORs

bomb, &c) Other Ranks (i.e., than

Over There

France (US)

P.B.I.

Poor Bloody Infantry Pretty Damn Quick Princess Patricia of Connaught

(i.e.,

attack, advance,

raid,

How

Howitzer

Hun

German

Iron Ration

Emergency ration

Ivan

Russian

Jankers

Cells

Jerry

German

Joey

Marine

Pack

Infantry knapsack

Johnny

Padre

Chaplain

Parasol

Type of high-wing monoplane

Pill-box

Pineapple

German ferro-concrete bunker German 4 lb grenade

Kitch, a

Turk (i.e. Johnny Turk) Marine 75mm field gun (mainly Fr.) 'Served with Honor' discharge Kitchener 'New Army' recruit

Pip-Emma

Afternoon

Kite Balloon

Artillery observation balloon

Potato-masher

LAMBS

German hand grenade (from

Light

Lance-jack

Lance-Corporal

Pup

Land-girls

Female wartime farmworkers (UK)

Pusher

Landship

Tank Damaged

Airplane with motor situated back of fuselage

QAIMNS

Queen Alexandra's Imperial Military Nursing Service (UK)

Q.M.

Quarter-master

QMMAAC

Queen Mary's Army Auxiliary Corps (UK)

Q-Ships

Also Mystery Ships; anti-U-boat decoys

R.A.C.D. R.A.M.C.

Army Royal Army Royal Army Royal Army

Jolly

Josephine King's certificate

Leaning Virgin

P.D.Q. P.P.'s

Light Infantry (Canada)

Armored Motor

St

Mary

Batteries

churchspire at

Advancing

in

waves with rolling

artillery

Lid

Helmet

Lizzie

A

M&D

big gun, or shell

'Medicine and Duty', a remedy for malingerers

M.C.

Military Cross

M.E.F.

Mediterranean Expeditionary Force

(signaller's

p.m.)

shape) tent

Albert

Leap-frogging

Officers)

R.A.S.C.

R.A.V.C.

US Army 2-man

Royal

infantry tent

Clothing Dept.

Medical Corps Service Corps

Veterinary Corps 3625

GLOSSARY

R.S.M.

Regimental Sergeant-Major (UK)

Rag-Pickers

Field Salvage

Rainbow Division

US Army 42nd

Corps (US Army) Divn., representing

27 States

Red Cap

Military Police

Reveille

Early morning bugle-call

S.M.

Sergeant-Major

Salvo

Salvation

Army

Trench foot

Common

U-boat

German submarine

V.A.D.

Voluntary Aid Detachment (UK) Voluntary Training Corps

V.T.C. Victory Medal

W.A.F. W.A.A.C.

W.D.R.C.

blood-circulation malady

Awarded to all serving forces (UK) Women's Auxiliary Force (UK) Women's Auxiliary Army Corps (UK) Women's Defence Relief Corps (UK)

Rest

&

Recreation

hut

Sam Browne

Officer's field service belt

Sappers

(Royal) Engineers

Shrap

(-nel),

S.O.S. course

Sniping, Observation and Scouting

W.E.C. W.F.C. W.L. W.N.L.S.C.

fused shell with fragment

Women's Emergency Corps (UK) Women's Forage Corps (UK) Women's Legion (UK) Women's National Land Service Corps (UK)

W.R.A.S.

Course

Women's Society

Spad

French biplane

Sparks

Wireless operator

Squarehead

German

Stand-to

Reserve Ambulance

(UK)

W.R.A.F. W.R.N.S.

Women's Royal Air Force (UK) Women's Royal Naval Service

Dawn-to-daylight Alert

W.V.R.

Women's Volunteer

Strafe

Punish, attack (Ger.)

Light tank

T.M. Tank

Trench-mortar

Whippet Whizz-bang Willie

(Big

(UK)

The word was

originally intended

to mislead

German

field-gun shell

and

Little),

Army

German 42cm

Steel anti-shrapnel helmet of 1916

X-Ships

Landing ships

Talbot House

Y-gun

Territorial

Tin hat

TocH

at

volunteer

Poperinge

shell

Destroyer-mounted doublebarrelled howitzer

Toffee-apple

Trench-mortar stick-bomb

Tractor

Aircraft with front-mounted

Z-day

Zero day

motor

Zeppelin

German

3626

Kaiser and

Prince

Wipers Express

Terrier

Reserve (UK)

Airship

Crown

CONTRIBUTORS 6:1828; 11:3337, 3340, 3421,

3408

3433

Reiser, T., 9:2912; 10:2997,

N

3235; 11:3393

Allen, R. V., 3:971

Alvey, N. G., 1:215 Atkinson, Prof. C. T., 1:223; 2:330 Auckland, R. G., 6:1790

B Bagby, Prof. W. M., 11:3528 Baker, Capt. A. D., 7:2189 Balfour, Prof. M., 10:3128 Barclay, Brig. C. N., 2:560 Barker, Lt.-Col. A. J., 2:425; 3:728, 863; 4:1142 ff, 1158, 1174; 5:1332; 6:1881, 1965 Baynes, Lt.-Col. John, 3:733; 5:1516; 6:1685 Beranek, Jan, 4:1076 Bingham, Major J. K. W., 4: 1060 Blaxland, Gregory, 2:442; 4:1064 Blumenson, Prof. Martin, 7:2002 Boyle, Andrew, 9:2738 Bradley, J. F. N., 1:97; 3:945; 6:1825, 1963; 8:2469; 9:2938; 11:3261, 3265, 3436, 3492 Brett-James, Antony, 1:226 Briggs, Prof. Asa, 1:108; 6:1750; 9:2773 Bright, Pamela, 3:800; 4:1120 Brockway, Lord, 7:2204 Brophy, John, 8:2581 ff de Bruin, Rodney, 2:366 Bunselmeyer, R., 10:3148

E

Kemp, Lt.Cmdr.

Eckert, Oskar, 2:636; 6:1728 J. C, 2:638 Edwardes, M., 11:3300 Erickson, John, 8:2484 Essame, Maj.-Gen. H., 4:1181; 9:2805; 10:2945

Edgcumbe,

Peter, 1:47, 173, 196; 2:468; 3:914, 920; 4:1084, 1122; 5:1377, 1425,

.

1566; 6:1764; 7:2094, 2266; 8:2537, 2568 Kennedy, Paul 2:626, 636; 6:1728; 7:2301; 8:2562; 10:3057, 3072; 11:3449 Kinvig, Major C. A., 6:1909 Kitch, J. M., 10:3029

Koch, H. W., Fanthorpe, J. L., 1:163; 2:416 Farrar-Hockley, Maj.-Gen. A., 2:384; 4:1209; 5:1493, 1526, 1629; 6:1871; 7:2282 Fiala, Peter, 2:612

Fitzgibbon, C, 4:1293 Fourie, Deon, 5:1613 French, Bruce, 10:3179

f

G Geiss, Imanuel, 1:61; 2:409; 3:839; 11:3330, 3512 Glubb Pasha, Lt.-Gen. Sir

John, 11:3309 Groh, Dieter, 10:3113

H HaUade, Jean, 6:1703 Hanak, Harry, 8:2462 Harris, Major H., 4:1186 Heiferman, R. I., 4:1036; 8:2525 f; 11:3281

1:33; 7:2038; 10:3021, 3080, 3160 f, 3181 Kochan, Lionel, 6:1937; 8:2408,

Lederer, Prof. Ivo J., 11:3276 Lee, Air Vice-Marshal A.

Gould, 7:2130 Lewin, G. R., 3:855; 6:1836; 10:3238 Liddell Hart, Capt. Sir Basil, Introduction, 1:117, 266; 4:1138 Link, Prof. Arthur S., 7:2001, 2012; 8:2545 Longworth, P., 3:936 Louis, Prof. W. R., 11:3333 Lunt, Maj.-Gen. James, 5:1520; 8:2392; 10:3110

M Macintyre, Capt. Donald,

Calvert, Brig. M., 11:3444

Carver, Gen. Sir Michael, 8:2435 Chandler, David, 2:361, 621;

Hogg, Ian, 2:609 Holmes, Judith, 11:3416 Holmes, Richard, 7:2068;

4:1314; 8:2413, 2426 Chant, Christopher M., 7:2182; 8:2497 ff, 2818; 11:3553

9:2777

Cidade, Prof. H. A., 4:1274 Major D. G., 5:1340; 6:1906 Clarke, L F., 2:589 Clendenen, Col. C, 6:1812 Coffman, Prof. E. M., 7:2008 Condon, Prof. R. W., 11:3344 CunUffe, Prof. M., 11:3399

D

Itzkowitz, N., 11:3351

Jedlicka, Prof. L., 3:894 Jones, Brian, 1:218

7:2105

K

Dewar, M. 4:1010; 7:2146

Kahn, Leo, 2:475, 481; 3:957;

Dowhng, Christopher,

5:1502, 1621; 7:2028

Delmas,

Lt.-Col. Jean, 6:1696;

2:334;

3:789; 6:1769

Duffy, Christopher, 1:131; 2:374, 616; 4:1242 Dunne, Michael, 10:3206 Duroselle, Prof. J.-B., 7:2133; 9:2716; 10:3232 (biog)

Dziewanowski, Prof. M.

K.,

Marwick, Prof. Arthur, 2:565; 4:1276; 9:2746

Palmer, Alan, 1:53; 4:1125, 1237; 5:1582, 1645 f; 7:2254; 10:2979 Partridge, Eric, 8:2581 ff Peball, Kurt, 2:255; 3:929; 4:1113; 5:1452; 7:2273; 8:2364,

2833 Pedroncini, Prof. Guy, 8:2342 Pick, Otto, 2:471; 7:2154 Pipes, Prof. Richard. 8:2576 Pitt, Barrie, 1:20, 78; 2:509; 8:2615, 2627; 9:2637, 2721 Plivier, T., 1:198 Prince, Capt. W. T. T., 4:1218

R Ranft, Prof. B. M., 2:677, 688; 5:1556; 7:2308, 2528

Raspin, Angela, 10:3169 Renzi, W. A., 3:873 Rich. Maj.-Gen. H. H.. 3:784; 4:1165 Robinson, Douglas, 4:985; 5:1433; 6:1741; 7:2161; 9:2848 Rooke, Mrs. M., 10:3217 Ruge. Vice-Adm. Friedrich O.. 5:1396; 7:2077, 2092 Rutherford, Ward, 4:1286; 5:1601 de St. Julien, Cmdt. Christian, 3:649, 661; 5:1538

5:1550; 6:1707

Mayer,

Jukes, Geoffrey, 5:1466, 1573; 6:1948

Dedijer, Vladimir, 1:2

Magnus, Sir Philip, 5:1461 Man, John, 11:3499

Mason, David, 1:284; 2:519, 526 Masson, Philippe, 1:113, 280;

Clark,

Ogorkiewicz, R. M., 7:2115 Douglas, 10:3092

Orgill,

Padfield, Peter, 5:1382

5:1405; 7:2312; 11:3458 Macksey, Kenneth, 1:229, 249, 306; 3:752, 926; 4:1265; 5:1364, 1638; 7:2049; 8:2438 McLachlan, D., 4:1089; 5:1414

AHstair, 4:1030, 1248;

O

2441

10:3116,3132 Hinterhoff, Eugene, 2:499; 4:1153; 6:1924; 8:2454

Home,

NichoUs, A. J., 11:3468 Nicholson, Col. G. W. L., 3:817 Nish, Ian, 2:313; 3:976; 11:3287

Krivinyi, Nikolaus, 5:1596

Hillgruber, Prof. A., 8:2609;

5:1356

Neu, Charles E., 4:1224; 7:1993; 9:2902; 10:3102 Neuville, Capt. Marc, 9:2928 Nevinson, H. W., 1:102 Newcombe, Josephine, 2:484

Kedourie, Prof. E., 11:3314 Keegan, John, 1:89, 145, 246;

S. L., 1:9; 6:1958; 10:2969, 3024, 3212, 3248; 11:3306, 3356, 3365. 3372, 3388, 3412, 3474, 3505

Messenger, Capt. C, 6:1844; 7:2044

Meyer, Jacques, 10:3133 MiUer, Jr, T. G.. 7:2168; 9:2656, 2701, 2789; 10:2988 Milton, R., 2:369 Milward, A. S., 2:504; 3:670 Mirkovich, Maj.-Gen, B., 1:139 Missen, L. R., 6:1974; 9:2756,

2:577; 3:845; 4:1020, 1217, 1260; 5:1489; 6:1680, 1736,

2766

1922; 7:2021, 2294; 8:2329, 2337, 2437; 9:2644, 2662, 2694, 2872; 10:3101, 3142; 11:3379,

Mordal, Jacques, 9:2861 Mousa. Suleiman, 8:2402;

Mitchell, Peter, 9:2742

11:3296, 3324

Sarkissan. A. O., 5:1321, 1350; 11:3363 Saundby, Air Marshal Sir Robert. 1:70

Schurman. Prof. Don. 3:712; 4:1048; 8:2357 Scrivenor, Patrick. 2:348; 4:1216:7:2212; 11:3518 Selby, John. 3:716 Seth. Ronald. 8:2372 Seton-Watson. C. 11:3253 Shepperd. Lt.-Col. G. A.. 3:912 Shermer. D. R.. 2:405; 4:1069, 1200; 8:2339; 10:2973; 11:3268. 3272. 3456 Sibley. Major R. J.. 2:354; 5:1370; 6:1756; 7:2318; 10:3107

3627

Simkins. Peter. 4:1013 Sinev. Marion

C,

4:1004;

10:3i90 Sixsmith. Maj.-Gen. E. K. G.. 4:1191:8:2348 Skrine, Lt.-Col. W. H.. 7:2324 Smith. Lt.-Col. Eric. 3:888 Smith. Gaddis. 3:700; 6:1802 Smith. M. L., 7:2246 Spackman. Col. W. C. 6:1779 Spector. Prof. S. D.. 11:3359 Stephenson, Brig. John. 2:397, 435; 3:744; 5:1517. 1545; 6:1986 Stock. J. W.. 10:2960 Stone. Norman. 2:454. 460, 490. 544. 593. 598; 3:952; 4:1097; 5:1476; 6:1713; 8:2448;

9:2794

1900; 8:2572; 9:2858 Swinson, Arthur, 1:298; 3:826

Wood. Gwen.M 1:3321 Woodhouse, Major W.

F.,

3:780; 5:1328; 6:1853, 1890

Woodward, David,

1:184;

3:870, 947; 7:2101

Taylor, Alan J. P., 8:2553; 10:3197, 3225; 11:3533 Thomas, Sir Miles, 9:2828 Thomson, Rose, 8:2492; 9:2882 Thorold, Bernard, 1:122 Tolstoy, Count Nikolai, 7:2142; 9:2665. 2896 Torrey. Glen, 5:1591 Torsiello, Gen. Mario, 3:882;

6:1657

Tubbs, D. B., 2:537; 3:994; 5:1440; 6:1860; 7:2122 Tulchin, J. S., 10:3079

Strandmann, Hartmut Pogge von, 2:674 Strange, L. A., 1:260 Swartz, Marvin, 3:702; 6:1798,

9:2749; 10:3018 Valsecchi, Prof. Franco, 5:1670; 10:3064 Vigor, Peter, 1:246

Vader, John

L., 2:705;

4:1041;

W

Woodward,

Walder, David, M.P., 6:1784; 10:3050; 11:3477, 3483 Wallace, Prof. W. V., 9:2676 Walter. Gerard, 9:2889 Walton, R. C, 4:1262. 1306 Warner, Philip, 1:208; 9:2839; 10:3040 Wheeler-Bennett, Sir John, 9:2684 Wiener, Dr. F., 4:1228 WiUequet, Prof. J., 6:1877 Williamson, H., 2:552 WUson, CoUn, 6:1914 Wise, Terence, 2:320; 6:1725

Wykes, Alan,

Wright,

^H^^l^^lLfl

^____..

-^^^m^MH^^^^^I

R., 2:341;

3:902

3:761; 4:1130;

11:3258

Young, Brig. Peter, 1:151, 201; 8:2385; 9:2710, 2917; 10:3001, 3152

Zeman,

Z.

A. B., 1:105; 6:1675;

10:3085

im f0 r^^i HHi*^ .^^^^^^^^^i*

Prof. Sir Llewellyn,

1:40

^ ^^H

!

3628

^

^^

Archbishop MItty High Schoof •^edia Center

5000

M/tty

Way

San Jose. CA QSlpo