Whitney S. Stoddard - Art and Architecture in Medieval France, Medieval Architecture, Scul

oArt and oArchitecture
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Frontispiece: Reims Cathedral. Choir and nave
zArt and ^Architecture
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MEDIEVAL ARCHITECTURE, SCULPTURE,
STAINED GLASS, MANUSCRIPTS,
THE ART OF THE CHURCH TREASURIES
BY WHITNEY S. STODDARD
ICON EDITIONS
Westview Press
A Member of Perseus Books, L.L.C.
To my wife Jean
Originally published under the title Monastery and Cathedral in France,
Wesleyan University Press.
First ICON edition published 1972
Grateful acknowledgment is made to the following for permission to
reprint passages from works under their control:
To the Bollingen Foundation for permission to quote from The Gothic
Cathedral: Origins of Gothic Architecture and the Medieval Concept of
Order, by Otto von Simson (Bollingen Series XLVIH; Pantheon Books,
1956). Copyright © 1956 by the Bollingen Foundation.
To Houghton Mifflin Company for permission to quote from Europe in
Transition, by Wallace K. Ferguson. Copyright © 1962 by Wallace K.
Ferguson.
To The Regents of the University of Wisconsin for permission to quote
from Twelfth-Century Europe and the. Foundations of Modern Society,
edited by Marshall Clagett, Gaines Post, and Robert Reynolds (Univer-
sity of Wisconsin Press, 1961).
To the University of Chicago Press for permission to quote from Monu-
ments of Romanesque Art, by H. Swarzenski (University of Chicago
Press, 1954).
ART AND ARCHITECTURE IN MEDIEVAL FRANCE. Copyright © 1966 by Wes-
leyan University. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of
America. No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any manner
whatsoever without written permission except in the case of brief quota-
tions embodied in critical articles and reviews. For information address
Westview Press, 5500 Central Avenue, Boulder, Colorado 80301
STANDARD BOOK NUMBER: 06-430022-6
Contents
Preface
PART I, ROMANESQUE FRANCE
CHAPTER i. Historical Background 3
2. The Monastic Site 13
3. The Monastic Plan Si
4. The Romanesque Church 31
5. Evolution of Romanesque Architecture 5S
6. Variety in Romanesque Architecture 63
7. Romanesque Sculpture and Painting 69
PART II. EARLY GOTHIC OF THE TWELFTH CENTURY
CHAPTER 8. Historical Background 93
9. The Abbey of Saint-Denis 101
io. The Cathedral of Sens 113
11. The Cathedral of Noyon 121
12. The Cathedral of Laon >«9
13. The Cathedral of Paris 137
14. Notre-Dame at Mantes '47
15. Early Gothic Sculpture and Painting '53
PART III. HIGH GOTHIC OF THE EARLY THIRTEENTH CENTURY
CHAPTER 16. Historical Background 167
17. TAe Cathedral of Chartres »7S
18. The Cathedral of Soissons 191
19. The Cathedral of Reims 197
20. The Cathedral of Amiens 211
v
VI CONTENTS
C H A P T E R 21. The Cathedral of Bourges 223
22. The Cathedral of Beauvais 235
23. Saint-Leu d'Esserent and Rampillon 243
24. High Gothic Sculpture and Painting 253
PART IV. FROM RAYONNANT T O FLAMBOYANT
CHAPTER 25. Historical Background 279
26. Rayonnant Architecture 289
27. Flamboyant Architecture 311
28. Secular Architecture 327
2g. Late Gothic Sculpture 335
30. Illuminated Manuscripts 343
31. Tapestries 355
PART V. T H E TREASURIES OF MONASTERIES AND CATHEDRALS
CHAPTER 32. Art of the Treasuries of Monasteries and Cathedrals 363
Bibliography 393
Index 403
Illustrations
A,. tx PHOTOGRAPHS are by the author unless otherwise indicated. The author wishes to thank the follow-
ing for permission to reproduce photographs: Professor Robert Branner; Professor Kenneth J, Conant;
Professor Sumner McK. Crosby; Brooks W. Stoddard; Professor Clarence Ward; The Walters Art
Gallery, Baltimore; The Museum of Fine Arts, Boston; The Cleveland Museum of Art; The Metro-
politan Museum of Art; The Pierpont Morgan Library; Bibliotheque Nationale, Paris; National Gallery
of Art, Washington; Sterling and Francine Clark Art Institute, Williamstown; Alinari, Florence; Ar-
chives Photographiques, Paris; Foto-Marburg; Photographie Giraudon, Paris. The majority of the photo-
graphs taken by the author and his son are available in colored slides at Sandak Incorporated, New York.
Figure Page
12.
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"4-
•5-
16.
PART i—Romanesque France
Saint-Martin-du-Canigou, 1001-1026. From
the south
Saint-Guilhem-le-Desert, Xlth, Xllth
centuries. From the soudi
Conques, Sainte-Foy, c. 1050-c. 1120. From
the southwest
Mont-Saint-Michel (Xlth, XHIth centuries)
in 1416. Les Tres Riches Heures du Due de
Berry, fol. 195V, Chantilly, Musie Condi
(Foto-Marburg)
Mont-Saint-Michel. Air view from the
northwest (Aero-photo-Giraudon)
Vizelay, La Madeleine, 1120-1136. From
die southwest
Fontenay Abbey, 1139-1147. From the west
(Archives Photographiques)
Fontenay Abbey. Plan (after Begule,
L'Abbaye de Fontenay, P.M.)
Fontenay Abbey. Nave and choir
Fontenay Abbey. Soudi aisle
Fontenay Abbey. Choir
Fontenay Abbey. South transept
Fontenay Abbey. From die east
Fontenay Abbey. Cloister (church on left;
dormitory on right)
Aries, Saint-Trophime, ii4o's-ii5o's.
Cloister from the soudi
Fontenay Abbey. Cloister, east gallery
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