Shetlig, Haakon, gen. ed. - Viking Antiquities in Great Britain and Ireland, v. 5

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i

JLU.S^

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THE SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH FUND OF

1919

VIKING ANTIQUITIES IN

GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND EDITED BY

HAAKON SHETELIG

PART V BRITISH ANTIQUITIES OF THE VIKING PERIOD, FOUND IN NORWAY BY

JAN PETERSEN

OSLO H.

1940

ASCHEHOUG (W.

NYGAARD)

6?

CO.

VIKING ANTIQUITIES IN

GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND PART V

Digitized by the Internet Archive in

2009

with funding from

Boston Public Library

http://www.archive.org/details/vikingantiquitie05scie

THE SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH FUND OF

1919

VIKING ANTIQUITIES IN

GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND EDITED BY

HAAKON SHETELIG

PART V BRITISH ANTIQUITIES OF THE VIKING PERIOD, FOUND IN NORWAY BY

JAN PETERSEN

OSLO H.

1940

ASCHEHOUG (w.

nyc;aari»

& CO.

J)LC>6

Printed

in

Norway

AS JOHN GRIEGS BOKTRYKKERI. BERGEN

1

I vo

CONTENTS. Page

7

Iiitroductioini I.

Omaimental Metal- Work of Omamenfts,

sonial

Iriish Style, inoludioig

Moimtiiiigis,

Termiiuals,

per-

Reliqua13

rieis etc

II.

III.

IV.

Bronze Bowls amd

Weaipoos Ooinis

Westem

Wooden Buckets

Europe, found in Norway

.

in

Norway

Eialanoe Scales

of

143 Bronze, probiably from Western

153

Europe VI.

Drinking-Hom Mountimgis like Animials'

VII.

VIII. IX.

X.

apairit

from those shaped

Heads

167

Anglo-Saxon and Framlkish Ornaments

173

Silver Thistle Brooches

185

Glass Goblets

189

Penannular Brooches and ring-headed Pins, of

Miscelllaneous Objects, fourtd in

Bri-

195

tish Origin

XI.

81

113

of Westenn Europe from the Viking Period,

Found V.

fromii

brionze-coivieried

Norway

205

Abbreviations

211

Index of Place-Names

212

INTRODUCTION. A great number

of antiquities from the Viliing age have been found buried

in Norwegian ground, though of Western provemianoe. A list of these antiquities from Weisitem Europe has been prepareid below, with an attempt of miakimg Nevertheless there may exist it as detailed and comprehemsive as possible. antiquities of Western provenance, found in Norway, that have not been included, because I have mot been able to feel absolutely sure of their provenance. This may for instance be the case with some swords whose handles are ornamented with ribbon interlacing, and it is surely the case with some penannular brooches as will be mentioneid after the description of peniannulars and posisibly with some other objects as well.

—

The

—

,

form by far the largest group, containing Of these however, 15 hairnssis rn'ouiitings from Gaiisel in Hetland, Rog. (no. 28) and 22 do. from Soma in Hoyland, Rog. (mo. 32) hiave been reooTded as one no. for either lot. The Irish ormaimient's consist mainly of mountings of various kinds pertaining to saints' shrines or to holy books, which were carried off by Vikings. These mountings are ofteini provided with pin-fastenings and pins on the back, so that they miight be used as brooches. They were mainly used as additional ornairenls: a third brooch in addition to the two bronze tortoise brooches. These mountings Celtic personal

ornaments

(I)

122 specimens found in 110 graves.

may vary very much special shapes.

As

in

shape, being round, square, cruciform, or of various

a rule, they

have

gilt

surfaces and often settings

once, filled with coloured glass, or stones, or amber.

The

still,

or

ornaments and animal

Irisih

are usually richly decorated with ribbon interlacings, scrolls

omamenitation.

—

Besides these ornamental mountings chiefly used as brooches in Northere are also Irish terminal mountings of drinking-horns, shaped

way

—

,

like animials' heads,

above

all birdis'

heads; further, penannular brooches and

broinze mountings for lead balance-weights, and

2 reliquaries, 1

1

strap-buckle,

1

—

as rarer occurrences

—

case for pair of scales, 1 bronz? cup (censer?),

thick bronze ring, probably once used as handle of casket.

Introduction

8

The number of Irish omameints found in Norway is imposing. They were found distributed over the different counties (fylker) as follows: Akershus

4

Hedmark

1

Opland

5

Buskerud

3

As

Vestfold

11

Telemark Aust-Agder Vest-Agder

2 1

2

Rogaland 28 Sor-Trondelag .... 5 Hordaland 15 6 Nord-Trendelag Sogn og Fjordane: 20 Nordland 7 .

Mere

9

Unknown

locality

.

.

3

be seen, there are two centres of tliese finds, viz. the counties Rogaland and Sogn eg Fjordiane; and many finds have besidies been miade in Nord-Trondelag. The finidis were naturally few in the inl'and districts oi" South-Eastem Norway. Of the 5 finds made in tiie county of Opland, 4 are from Valdres, 1 far north in Gudbrandsdalen. These amtiquities were in all probability brought over from Western Norway. In the fame way the find m'ade in Aust-Agder is from Valle in the northerm end of Setesdalen (no. 23), and it is a fair inference that it miay have been broiught over from Roigaland. The same applies to one of the finds in Telemark, viz. the one from Lardal in

will

Western Telemark (no Then,

if

we

21).

turn our attention to the question of dating the Irish ornaments

— to the question of whether they belong

to the 9th or the 10th

century

find that 48 finds date from the 9th, only 11 from the 10th cenitury.

The

—

,

we

rest are

objects fouind singly and so cannot, at any rate, be determined by the aid of

associated objects. Again the majority of those from the 9th century that are

capable of being dated more accurately, belong to the

first half of that

cen-

have come from women's graves, tury. whereever it is posisible to ascertain the sex of the bodies. There are 55 finds from women's graves, 10 from men's. 3 of the latter are mountings of the usual sort; 3, strap-buckles; 2, penannular brooches; 1, terminal mounting of drinking-horn; and 1, monntimg of balance-weight. The second largest group (II) conitainis bronze bowls, sauoepams and bronzemounteld wooden buckeiis; it oompirises 67 different specimienis, belonging to 55 findis. The metal is ohiairaoteTisitic of these objects, viz. bronze aillioy with a large percentage of tin, an alloy not used in Norwegian bronzes. As I have just remarked, we divide the vessels of this Irish alloy into three groups, the first of which comprises bronze bowls or cauldrons. These vary very much in size. Tlie biglgest of them, C. 5784, from Skomrak, Lynigdail, Vest-AigdeT (no, 13) hials am extenmal diamieter of 47 cmis. acrioiss the rim; the smallest, B. 6360, from Mo, 0rsta, More (no. 43) a diameter of only 9,5 cm. Between these extremes there are a great variety of intermediate sizes. Most of the bigger vessels show a narrowing below the upper edige. filled with a narrow iron band sei*ving to strengthen the edge; for the very fine and exquisite metal of these vesisels is at the same time thin and fragile. Further, miost of the Irish objects

—

Introduction

9

The vessels are generally bowl-shaped with rounded bottoms, now and then provided with very low feet made separately. In most of these vessels, or at any rate in the bigger specimens, the eared form a feature of peculiar interest. These generally 3 handle mounting:s mountings are very often formeid as lan ©scutcheon trilateral, of bird-shape, the

—

handle

itself

—

being formed by the curved neck, in which there

ring for the attachment of the carrying-cord.

The mounting

is

often a

plates miay also

represent humani fiigures (no. 35) or two men's faces fronting one another, with a square plate in between (nios. 14 and 25); in one case the mounting plate is shaped like a recumbent lion (no. 16). Now and then the escutcheon is decorated with multiootoured enaimel (nois. 14 to 19, 28, 35 and 37 b). Several

—

trilateral or round. Not unfrequently mounting plates are simpler, these vesisels are provided with delicately engriaived ornaments. Now and then, the ornaments are given the shapes of stars or rosettes, on the bottoms

of the

and 13) or on the handle moimtings (30). Below the upper edge there is now and then a hatched border, zig-zag lines or triangles, and, in one case, a border filled with ribbon interlacing (50). These bronze bowls of varying size are the most common objects. Next to them in number are the handled aauoepans. The handles of these vary in length from 12 to 28 cms. One specimen (B. 3987 a b) from Bryn, parish of Vangen, pgd. of Voss, Hordaland (nio. 27), haid once an iron handle, no leas than 44 cms. in length. The handles have frequently thickened, hammered-out edges. Like the first group, these saucepans have now and then ornaments (nos. 8, 27, 37, and 46), and one of them has runes cut into it (30). The wooiden buckets with moimtings of the samie sort of bronze containing a large percentage of tin, form the smallest group. I know only 7 specimens of these. They vary in height between 12 and 19 cms. To these must be added two buckets from the Oseberg find, which are 36 and 44,8 cms. high. The hamdle mountings of thesie wooden pails are as a rule of the same kind as those of the first group. In one of the Oseberg buckets (no. 10), each of the handle mountings represents a human figure witli a square plate for its bndy, quite as in the bronze cauldron B. 2978 from Myklebostad, Eid, Nordfjord (5

—

(no. 11) has five quite .simple carrying-rings. Two have cruciform moumitings (nos. 7 and 47); tbe three lastmentioned trilater-al mountings. The wooden staves are partly encircled by broad bronze bands now and then decorated with engraved oniaments of a zommiorphic chiaracter. In these objects, too, the handle miountings have sometimes engraved ornaments. The distribution over the diifferent counties of this group of iiintiquities (no. 35).

The other bucket

of the buckets

is

as follows:

Introduction

10 0stfold

2

Telemark

2

Sogn og Fjordane

Akershus

2

Vesf-Agder

2

Mere

Hedmark

4 5

Rogaland Hordaland

II

Vestfold

It is

then

still

Sor-Trondelag ... Nord-Trondelag.

8

.

Nordland

1

7

Troms

1

4

Unknown

3

locality

13

2

the countiies Roigaland and Sogn og Fjordiane that show the

greatest number of finds, but in this case Sogn og Fjordane out-distances Rcgaland, and Hordialamd becomes no. 3 instead of Nord-Tronidekg; and More

stands only just after Hordalamid.

And, indeed, the position of this group is entirely different from that of the preceding one, 17 of its 30 ascertainable finds belonging to the lOtii which means that the dating of Irish ceinitury, only 13 to the 9th century, objects shows a reversed distribution. 15 of the finds come from men's graves, 22 from women's, which means that women's graves are still in a majority, but a considerably reduced majority. In not a few cases two or more vessels of Western provenance occur in one grave-find. This is the case with 7 finids. A complete set of vasiselis from Western Europe beiongs to the finds B. 5411 from Hoppemstad, Vik, Sogn (37), conitaining 2 big oauldrons, I bowl of the smaller variety and 1 wooden bucket; B. 6360 c e from Mo,

—

—

—

In his and 1 wooden bucket. essay, »An Omamenited Celtic Bronze Object, found in a Norwegian Grave«, Dr. Johs. Boe has included! this igroup II in tihe number of Iriish antiquities. And there may, indeeid, seem to be g'ciod reaisions for suppiosing that for instance such an object as the wooden bucket B. 5411 e from Hopperstad, Vik, Sogn, with its bronze mountings oointaining ornaments of a zoomiorphic character, is of the &aime kiind ais for instance the bronze cup B. 7731 h from Vinjum, Aurland, Sogn (I 28). They are both of bronze and of the same characte.". Nevertheless I have not dared to class bronzes as Irish objects merely becau:e they were made of the peculiar kind of tinny bronze. shows quite the same markedly tinny Group V the balance-scales bronze. The soailes beJonig to 43 finds distributed ovier the various counties

More

Orsta,

(43), with 1 cauldron, 2 ladles

—

—

as follows:

3

Rogaland Hordaland Sogn og Fjordane

.

9

1

Mere

.

2

0stfold

2

Vestfold

7

Akershus

2

2

Hedmark

2

Buskerud

1

Telemark Ausf-Agder Vest-Agder

2 1

Ser-Trcndelag

2

Nord-Trondelag Nordland

3

4

Total 43

It

is

not by mere chance, of course, that such a great

balance-scaleL-i

were

II.

It

of these

og Fjordiane; it agrees beiautifully with may, however, be a chance that so few scales

fouind in Snign

the distribution of group

number

Introduction

11

have been found in Rogaland, for finds from the Viking period n.ade in that have been so badly presierved', and the bailanoe-soaileis, being so small and fraigile, would iincur special ristes of beiing left uncared for. ITie roajority of these ba,lance-.scales aire fronn the 10th century; out of 33 determdnable ooimrty

specimens 26 date from the 10th century, only 7 from the 9th. The proportion is accordingly even more pronounced in this group than in group II. The scales belong in the great majority of cases to men's graves: out of 34 determinable specimens 30 were found in men's graves, only 4 in women's. Nearly all the scales have delicately engraved ornaments, partly of the same character as thos© of the fiinitiquitieis of group II; not unfrequently there is a star ornament in the middle of the scale, on its bottom, in the rest of the

an elaborate, symmietrioally made net-pattern. In connection with the must be made of the drinking-horn mountings (group VI). siame thin, tinny bronze as groups II and V. There are tlie They ar3 of both terminal and mouth mountings. This group is considerably smaller than the rest, coming from only 12 finds distributed as follows: scales

scales mention

Veslfold

2

Aust-Agder

1

Rogaland Hordaland

1

Sogn og Fjordane

2

Mere

.

1

1

Sor-Trendelag .... Nord-Trondelag ...

1

3

Total 12

The terminal mountings are cylindrical in shape, and ending in solid Some of them are ornamented with delicately engraved lines. Among

balls.

the miouth miountlngis, T. 9591 fromi Fasteraunet, Nedre Stjordialen (no. 11)

has a position of

its

own.

Below

delicately decorated with ribbon

it

there

is

interlacing

affixed a cruciform mounting,

and

scroll ornaments.

It

may

be assumed that this is an Irish object, as assumed by Dr. Boe in the essay mentioned above. Most of the drinking-horn mountings are from the 9th century, and mast of them are from womien's graves. I have considered 38 of the swords as being pretty certainly of Western provenance (group III). One half of these have been ascertained as being of fairly

Western provenance by means of the itnscription Ulfberth on the blades. These Ulfberth swords are of various types, belonging to my ty{>es (De Norske Vikingesverd) H, I, N, 0, R, S and Z. It is poissible that the handles of some of the specimens may have been made in Norway, but the blades must have been manufactured in Western Europe. Further, the whole type L is represented, by 7 specimens; also a part of type 0, with bronze guard and pommel and foreign omamentation. The majority of the Western swords date from the 10th century.

Of finds containing coins of Western Europe (IV). I iiave included 38, otiv;» quarter of them from Rogaland. Wp hitherto know, altogether, about 2390

Introduction

12

Westemi coins, of which number about 2350 are Anglo-Saxon, about 20 Irish, and 24 Fnankish coins. As stated already by Profesisor A. W. Brogger, the coins from Western Europe, too, date from 2 different periods, viz. partly from aboait 800, partly from the end of the 10th and from the 11th centuries. Only 30 coins, from 10 finds, belong to the first of these groups, the majority' to grave finds. This group comprises all the 24 Prankish coins. The second andi largeir group was mioisitly found in hoaiTtds. In group VII I have included some ornaments that are in all probability of Anglo-Saxon or Prankish provenance. Among these there are 7 trefoil brooches and mountings with foliage ornamentation, of which at any rate the majority are certainly of Frankish provenance. The splendid gold brooch from Hon, in Eiker (mo. 3), supposed to have been deposited in the second half of the 9th century, is one of these. The trefoil silver mounting (no. 16) also dates from that time, whereas the trefoil bronze brooches (4 specimens) must have been deposited in the 10th century. All these ornaments are from women's graves. The rest, too, of the ornaiments contained in this group from women's graves, and date from are as far as can be ascertained the 9lh, the 10th and the 11th centuries. Three ornaments (nos. 4, 7 and 10) with omamentation in the Trewhiddle style deserve special notice. I have considered as a smiall independent group of 7 finds (no. VIII) glasses that are probably of Western provenance, most of them belonging to the finds from the 10th century. One of these finds (no. 3) is, however, from the Migration period, but the glasis is of a differeait character from those of the Migration times, and should rather be classed with some of the glasses from the Viking period. In this group it is also natural to include a very few fragments of Frankish ceramics. As group IX I have included penannular brooches and ring-headed pins that are probably of Western provenance, 18 specimens, of which nearly one half (7 pieces) were found in Rogaland. 7 of these are from men's graves, only 3 from women's. As mientioned below the list of pemannulars and ringheaded pins, it is quite possible that the list here given may be incomplete. By the editor's request I finally give a list of jet ornaments found in Norwegian graves of the period, group XL The material is English, and most of the objects were, most probably, imported from Britain, as beads and rings of the same dtescription are fouind also in Viking graves in Scotland. A dwelling site in the Isle of Mam has yielded a number of jet rings in unfinished state. But the jet objects were madte in Norway, too, as is shown by two animal sculptures of native style, from Nedre Voll, Tonjum, Soigmi, B. 6275, and Treisfjorden, Veslnes, More, B. 290. At last I have added a record of the four specimens of Carolingian pottery found in Norway.

—

—

—

I.

Ornamental Metal-Work of Irish Style, including personal Ornaments, Mountings, Terminals, Reliquaries etc.

ORNAMENT AT. METAL- WOHK OE

IRISH STYLE,

INCLUDINi; I'EHSONAE ORNAMENTS. MOUNTINGS, TERMINALS, HELIOliARIES ETC. Bjorke, parish of Hovin, pgd. of Ullensaker, Akh. (C. 6754). Small, round and flat bronze ornament, the froint giilt and decorated witii 1.

ribbon interlacing in Celtic style, the back plain. Along the edge there is a narrow convexity, in the mldd'le a smiall circuliar setting, which mui^ surely once have contained an inlaid piece of amber or stone. Through the edge is

a hole, showing that the object wais omoe used as a pendant. Diameter

2,5 cm.

Found with three beads. The date cannot be determined with

there

—

exactitude from the aissociationis. Literature:

2.

Ab. 1874,

Fig.

1.

p. 62, no. 10, fig. 41.

Torshov, parish and pgd. of Gjerdrum,, Akh. (C. 7250). flat, thin bronze mounting, ornamented with animals on one

Round and side.

This

is

evidently a piece cut off a larger object. See also Bee's remarks

—

Abel's reoomsitructive drawing of the orraamenitatioin^ ibid. Diameter 5 cm. The associations dio mot seem quite convincing. An oblong bronze brooch from the same find seems rather to date from the second half of the 9th century (illuBitrated Ab. 1875, fig. 82). Fig. 2. Literature: Ab. 1875, p. 72, no. 34; illustrated fig. 33; also illustrated by Johs. Bee: An Ornamented Celtic Object, Bergens Museums Arbok 1924 25,

e. c. anid Misis

—

figs.

5—6.

Prestegdrden

(i. e.

no. 4, pp.

3.

7—8,

the

Glebe), parish

arul

pgd.

of

Skedsmo, Akh.

(C. 15811).

Round and flat bronze mounting used as brooch; no traces of the gilding; along the edge there is a frieze of Irish scroll-work, in the centre a setting now empty, between them a broad .space decorated only witli radiating lines. This part is separated from the ornamented portion by a narrow ri))bon with transverse hatching. Diameter 6,5 cms. Found in a woman's grave from the second half of the 9th century. Fig. 3. Literature:

Ab. 1868,

p. 45, iiiustnated fig.

4 and Boe

I.e., p. 22, fig. 11.

Ornamental M

16

e

t

al-

W or k

of Irish Style

Fig. 2. Torsliov, ri

joidnim

parisli,

Akh.

Fig.

1.

Bjorke, Hovin parish,

UUeneaker, Akh.

4.

Fonhekk, parish

Round,

flat

brooch, mor to the front

ground.

is

an-jc

pgd. of Ullensaker, Akh. (C. 15980).

bronze mourning, appianently not adapted to be used as a liave been gilt. This object, too, onoe had a cenlTal setting, and

covered wih Oimaimentatioini of denise sonolls applied

— Diameter 7

the end of the

Literature:

cms.

9tih oeinitury.

to

a plain

— From a woman's grave, probably dating from Fig. 4.

Ab. 1890, pp. 94—95, and

fig.

16.

Furnes, Hed. (C. 4793). Round, flat ornament of gilt bronze, probably usied as a brooch. The main motive of the omamenitation is a four-lobed figure intersected by a circle, outside which are a net pattern and spirals. Along the edge a raised frame. Within the circle small raised knobs. Diiaaneter 5,3 cmls. No associations. 5.

—

Fig. 5.

Literature:

6.

Ab. 1869,

p. 71, no.

15 dd; illuistrated

fig. 24.

Frigstad, parish of Slidre, pgd. of Vestre Slidre, Opl. (C. 1883). flat ornament of silver, with a wavy outside frame. Had originally

Round,

a setting in the middle, and round this setting a narrow border filled with ribbon interlacing. 0. Rygh supposes this object to have been a pin-head, From broken off at the transition to the pin itself. Diameter 3,2 cms.

—

a womian's grave that oanniot be exactly dated. Literature:

Ab. 1883,

p. Ill, no.

84 d,

Fig. 6.

fig. 22.

Skansar, parish and pgd. of Lorn, Opl. (C. 18116). Bronze mounting, apparently not adapted as a brooch. It consists of a quadrilateinail, oblong central portion with a quadrilateral concavity in the 7.

Ornamental M e al-W or k t

of Irish Style

Fig. 3.

Prestegarden, Skedsnio parish, Aliii.

Fig. 4.

Fonbekk,

UUensaker

parish,

Akh.

Viking Antiquities V.

17

18

Ornamental Metal-Work Fig.

a.

of Irish Style

Furnes, Hed.

Fig. 6.

Frigstad,

Slidre parish, Opl.

Fig.

7.

Skansar,

Lom

parish, Opl.

Ornamental Metal-Work

Fig. 8.

Bakkene (Nedre), Ulnee

of Irish Style

19

parish, Nordre Aurdal, Opl.

and decorated witti ribbon interlacing, and bevelled off towards all four sides. Animal figures «n the bevelled faces. This central piece is seen to have had, in the middle, a setting filled with amber or glass; and from it extnd two uniformi, oblong quadrilateral pieces of tha same shape, their surfaces on the same level as the central part of the middle portion. Either oblong quadrilateral piece has ornaments in deep relief, and is divided middle,

gilt

into four panels, with a circle in each panel.

The middle

No

asJsociatiionis.

Literature:

measures from 4 arms 4 to 3,15 cms.

portion'

2,4 cms. at top; the

to 3,15

cms. at bottom, from 3,3 to

Fig. 7.

Ab. 1895, pp. 82

—

83; illustrated fig. 5

a—c.

Nedre Bakkene, parish of Vines, pgd. of Nord-Aurdal, Opl. (C. 24193). Rather more than one half of a wheel-shnped bronze mounting. No gilding is now visible. The central part is a round elevation, and has, in the middle, enamel inlaid in a scroll pattern; round this a narrow beaded frame; there is a similar frame, only somewhat wider, round the spokes too. Tlie extreme 8.

Ornamental Metal-Work

20

Fig. 9.

Olberg, Vestre

of Irish Style

Fig. 10.

Slidre parish, Opland.

No

A

Valdres, Opland. locality.

Ornamental M e

Fig.

portion

is

very

thin, 0,8

regularly arranged.

Handed

in to the

womien's grave Literature:

9.

12.

Koiiinee,

t

al-

of Irish Style

21

Koinnes parish, Sandsvaer, Busk.

cm. in width, provided with small rivet-holes fairly

The diameter

museum

furtniiture

Work

of the object

is

11,8 cms.

as part of a find including both men's and

from the earlier Viking period. Arbok 1928,

Universitetets Oldsaiksamling,

Fig. 8. p. 100,

no. 27

v.

Olberg, parish of Slidre, pgd. of Vestre Slidre, Opl. (B. 3421).

Bronze mounting, gilt; may have been a book-clasp, with a triple hinge at the wider end. The mounting plate itself is en either side provided with a rim, pepreeemting a snaike-like figure terminating at either end in an animal's head. The two larger heads, at the narrower end, hold in their open mouths a ring placed between them. Between the two snake-figures there is a comparatively small panel ccntaining the ordinary Irish interlaced, ribbon orna-

Ornamental Metal-Work

22

Fig. 13.

mentation.

The

—

No information to hand about was acquired single. Fig. 9.

object measures 3,2X2,4 cms.

Ab. 1879,

Style

Berg, Huruni parish, Buek.

associated objects, and the mounting Literature:

of Irish

p. 248, no. 28; illustrated fig. 55.

10. Unknown locality, Valdres, Opl. Hoop of bronze penannular brooch. The hoop, which

is

faintly

convex on

the front side and flat on the back, termdniates in two circular enlargements, either circle having three small segmental projections. The roimd plates are

decorated with three raised concentric circles. In the middle of the hoop is a longish oval panel with a simple Celtic interlaced-ribbon ornament.

there

Size of ring 4,8 to 4,4 cms.

Literature: Valdres

Fi(g.

10.

Museum, Faigemes,

no. 1413.

(Unpublished).

Haug, pgd. of Ovre Eiker, Busk. (C. 3762). mounting with traces of iron-rust on the back, bronze gilt and so possibly onoe used as a brooch. The omamenitation consists mainly of animal motives. Wiidth acrosis 7,5 cmis. Woman's grave from' the earlier Vikimg period. Fig. 11. 11.

Lilleby, parish of

Hemispherical

—

Literature: N. F., p. 764.

Komnes, parish of Komnes, pgd. of Sandsvcer, Busk. (C. 20519 a). Round gilt bronze plate, 9,6 cm. across, containing, in the middle, an embossment of 4,5 cms. across; this boss is surrounded by 8 smaller bosses 12.

measuring about 2 cms. across, decorated with pimched-in triskeles, scrolls and spirals, and a central foliage ornament. Between the bosses there are linear ornaments; along the edge four settings, arranged in pairs of two settings facing each other; likewise a similar setting in the middle of the central boss. These settings are seen to have once contained amber or some

Ornamental Metal-Work

of Irish

Style

23

Ornamental M e

24

t

al-

W or k

of Irish Style

Fig. 15.

Gjennes, Hedruni parish, Veetf.

visible,

two of them at the bottom corniers of the preserved end, two a little Found wiQi The fragment measures only 3,6 cmis. in length. brooches illustrated 1. c. fig. 16, of the Berdial type (see Jan Petersen:

—

higher up. tortoisie

Vikingietidiemis smykiker, p. 19, fig. 17).

Woman's grave from

the 9th century.

LHerature: Ab. 1887,

p. 29; illustrated fig. 15.

16.

Nordrum. parish and pgd.

of

Hedrum,

Vestf. (C. 19670).

Two pieces of bronze, probably Celtic workmanship, belonging to a bell of leather and woolleii cloth. One of them has about the same shape as Miiller: Ordning, fig. 500. In the cenitne of the plaite there is a triangle containiing punched-ini spiral ornaments in Celtic style. The other plate is Both plates are of the type Rygh 608, it too containing spiral ornaments. of timiny bronze, and both are miountings for strap-ends. Fig. 14. From a man's grave, about 850 A. D.

—

Literature:

Ab. 1899,

p.

197, no. 200 d.

J

Ornamental Metal-Work

Fig. 16.

of Irish Style

25

Vesttold, no locality.

Gjonnes, parish and pgd. of Hedrum, Vestf. (C. 19919). Ornament of gilt bronze, oblong, upper end Irunoated, lower end pointed. probably a Once used as a brooch, with pin arrangement on the back, book-clasp originally. Inlays of red and blue enamel and of amber or glass are seen to have existed. Length 9,3 cms., width 3,1 cms. Woman's griave from the earlier Viking period (800 850). Fig. 15. 17.

—

—

Literature:

Ab. 1900,

p.

306; illustrated

fig. 13.

Bcere-Var, parish and pgd. of Stokke, Vestf. (C. 20716 b). Round, strongly convex bronze top-mounting. Decorated with a simple interlaced-ribbon pattern and scrolls. The top is pierced at the centre, and the hole is seen to have been once filled with a stone or some such inlay. Diameter 2,9 cmis. 18.

—

Woman's grave from Literature:

19.

the later Viking period (10th century).

Oldtiden VI, p. 53, no. 61 b; illustrated.

Vestf. (C. 23501).

Bronze terminal mounting of drinking-horn, shaped like an animal's head, unomamented, apart from a triskele ornament betwen the eyes. No

—

associations.

Fig. 16.

Literature:

The Oseberg

20.

Sem,

Illustrated

by Boe

1.

find, nos. 106

c, p. 25, fig. 14.

h—i; Oseberg, parish

of Slagen, pgd. of

Vestf.

Two

oblong mountings of gilt bronze, probably for a harness. One of them 6,7 cms. by 2,2. In the middle of it is a circular panel with animal ormaments, and on both sides of it quadrilateral panels containing ribbon

measures

ornamentation. The endis of the mounting have semicircular indientations, into which fit the ends of the other mounting. This mounting measures 5,8 cm. long; it, too, is decorated with both animal amd interlaced-ribbon orniaments. Woman's grave from the 9th century. Fig. 17. Literature: See Osebengfunnet

funnet

III, p. 221, figs.

13—14.

IT, p.

239,

nt>s.

h—i;

illustrated in Ojeberg-

Ornamental Metal- W o

26

r

k

of Iris h

Style

Fig. 17.

Oseberg, Slagen parish, Seni, Veetf.

21.

Bidland, parish and pgd. of Ldrdal, Tel. (C. 21831). of gilt bronze, used as a brooch, decorated with interlaced

Bound mounting

ribbons. In the middle a round setting for amber, stone, or enamel; likewise

three round

Womian's

siettingis

igriave

along the edge. Measure across 7,5 cms.

from! the 9th century.

Fig. 18.

Literature: Oldtiden IV, p. 273, no. 338.

Vindalen, parish and pgd. of Solum, Tel. Rectangular mounting of silver, iixed on iron.

22.

Decorated with cpen-work and one of smaller size; the ormiamentation apparently contains foliage motives. Size of mounting

ornaments arranged

by Acquired

6,6 cms.

in

two ooimparatively large

4,3.

single.

Fig. 19.

Literature: Fylkesmus&et strated

circles

by Bee,

1.

c, p. 30,

(i.

e.

The County Museum), Skien,

no. 848, illu-

fig. 19.

Nomeland, parish and pgd. of Valle, Aust-Agder (A. 267). Round, cup-shaped mounting of gilt bronze, adapted for use ais a brooch. Richly decorated with ribbon interlacing, intermixed, it seems, with animal 23.

motives. On the top there is a rourad setting of considerable size, and three smaller ones on the slides. In these, remains of enamel or coloured glass are discerned. 6,8 cms. across. Acquired simigle. Fiig. 20.

—

Literature:

Ab. 1868,

p. 150, fig. 32,

and Boe

1.

c, p. 27,

fig. 16.

Ornamental Metal-Work

of Irish

Fig. 18.

Bjaland, Lardal parish, Tel.

Fig. 19.

Vindalen, Solum parish, Tel.

Style

27

Ornamental Metal-Work

28

of Irish Style

Fig. 20.

Nomeland, Valle parish, Aust-Asder.

Borhaug, parish of Vanse, Vest-Agder (C. 1773). gilt bronze mounting, with a square hole in the centre. On both sides there are, along the edges, square settings, probably once filled with eniamel. The object is richly ornamented with amimal niioti\'es, varying 24.

Rectangular

with interlaced ribbons. 7,2 cms. by

Woman's

5,7.

grave, most likely from the earlier half of the 9th century. Fig. 21.

Literature:

N. F., p. 281, illustrated R. 628.

25. Agsced, parish of Laudal, pgd. of Holum, Vest-Agder. (C. 21669). Harness mounting of gilt bronze, poiss;ibly used as a brooch. The object consiisits of a round central piece from which extend two arms. The round ceintral broken piece is defective at one side, a piece being off. Sd there may have been a third arm. Ornamented with ribbon interlacing. Diameter of central

piece 3,6 cms., length of arms originally 1,9 cms.

No

associations.

Literature:

26.

Fig. 22.

Oldtiden VI, pp. 241—42; illustrated

p. 241.

Tchland, parish of Ncerbe, pgd. of Hd, Bog. (B. 1856).

This weight probably of Irish provenance. The bronze plate has white and blue enamel. Balance-iceight of lead with enamelled bronze plate on top.

is

Ornamental Metal-Work

of Irish Style

Fig. 21.

Borhaug, Vanse parish, Vest-Agder.

Fig. 22.

Agsaed, Laudal parish,

Holum, Vest-Agder.

29

30

Ornamental M

e

t

al-W or k

of Irish Style

Fig. 23.

Tarland, Nserbo parisi:,

Ha, Ros.

Fig. 24.

Orre, Orre parish,

Klepp, Rog.

Ornamental M etal-W or k

Fig. 25.

of Irish

Style

31

Gausel, Helland parish, Rog.

and simple geometrical ornamentation. Weight 194,683

Measure across

gr.

5.6 cms.

No

dalie

can be ascertained by inferences from associated objects. Fig. 23. Lorange: Norske Oldlsiager i Bergens Museum, p. 135, see

Literature:

ateo Rygh 483.

27. Gilt

Orre, parish of Orre, pgd. of Klepp, Rog. (B. 2561). mounting of bronze, used as a brooch. Circular plate in the middle,

from which extend three arms, one of them forked. The central plate filled with scrolls, the arms with animal ornamentation. Diameter of central piece 2.7 cms., width of arms varying between 1,5 and 1,7 cms., total lenigth of object 5,2 cms.

Woman's

grave, most likely from between 800 and 850.

Literature:

28.

Lorange

1.

c, pp. 137

Fig. 24.

— 38.

—

Gausel, parish and pgd. of Hetland, Rog. (B. 4233 a

^i).

15 harness morintings of gilt bronze. The mountings are of various shapes, viz. cruciform, long and narrow, or circular with arms; one of them has three arms; another is approximaitely trilateTal, witli hammeired-out bosses;

and finally there

is

one mouniting of

a peculiar shape,

oblong with cun^ed-in

Ornamental Metal- Work

32

¥\g.

long sides and

'26.

of Irish

Style

Jatten, Hetland parish, Rag.

most of the pieces there are settings, one of which still retains amber, while two of them have remains of garnet or red gllasis. The omiamiemtation consiisls mainly of ribbon; interWith these mountings was lacinig, but there are also animal omiaments. also foxmd a terminal drinking-horn mounting shaped as an animal's head (B. 4233 r), no doubt also of Irish provenance (illustrated Ab. 1883, fig. 17). Womiam's gnarve from the second half of the 9th century (see fig. 25). Literature: Ab. 1883, pp. 72—74, nos. 54 a— i; illustrated figs. 13 16, and in Bee 1. c, figs. 20 a b. flat circular

enlargemente.

In'

—

—

—

—

29. Hafse, parish and pgd. of Egersund, Rog. (B. 4490 a). Penannular brooch of tin-coated bronze. Only the hoop is preserved, it too defective, one terminal as well as the extreme end of the other missing. The terminals, no doubt, represented gaping animals' heads with big, markedly convex, almlOlnld^shaped eyes, consisting of pieces of amber, one of which remiains. Diameter of ring 6,2 cm. Woman's grave from the earlier Viking period.

Literature: Ab. 1887, p. 114, no. 49 a.

Jatten, parish and pgd. of Hetland, Rog. (B. 4772 b). Bronze case for pair of scales. It consists of a bowl, 10,5 cms.

30.

3,5 cms. high.

It is

in diameter,

richly decorated with scrolls in Celtic style, arranged in

six round panels in a

wide belt on the outside of the bowl. In the middle is a markedly convex rivet-'heiaid.

of the bottom of the bowl there

Ornamental Metal-Work

Fig. 28.

of

Irish Style

Soma, Hoyland parish, Rog.

Ornamental Metal-Work

Fig. 27

of Irish Style

33

a.

Hoyland, Hoyland

Fig. 27 b.

Hoyland, Rog.

parish, Rog.

Found with ornamented pair

of scales of tinrcoaled bronze, two round

pieces of coarse cloth, a linen bag containing 8 leaden balance-weights and a bronze ringheaided pin.

Literature:

31.

Two

Ab. 1891,

Fig. 26. p. 184, no.

33 b; illustrated

fig. 12.

Parish and pgd. of Hoyland, Rog. (C. 1647). gilt bronze mountings, both damaged. One of them

is small, round and convex, with an iron band on the reverse. It has a central setting, and interlaoed-ribbon ornamients along the edge. Diameter 2,6 cms. The other must undoubtedly have been cruciform, but two of the arms are now broken off and missing. It, too, is decorated witii ribbon interlacing. It was no doubt onoe used as a brooch. Length 5 cms. Acquired single. Fi^gs. 27 a b.

—

Literature:

N. F., p. 306.

Soma, jjarish and pgd. of Hoyland, Hog. (C. lO.^O). 22 harness mountings of gilt bronze. Most of Ihem are cruciform with transverse arms of varying length, a couple of them band-shaped, and one specimen three-armied with a circular figure in the middle. The omameiitation 32.

mainly of ribbon interlacing, but animal crnaiments occur, too, specimens, spiral ormaments in one.

conisiists

in

two

The earlier Viking age. Impossible to decide whether from man's or woman's grave. Fig. 28. Literature: N. F., pp. 305—06; illustrated in Rygh 618—27. Viking Antiquities V.

Ornamental M e

34

t

al-

W or k

of Irish Style

Fig. 29.

Gauletun (Bakkene), Suldal parish,

Rog.

33.

Bakkene from Gautetun, parish and pgd.

Cruciform,

with

flat

iiniterliaced

mounting ribbonis.

of gilt bronze, It conisists

used

ais

of four armis,

portion sepapated from the arms with a raised

round

portiion

associations.

is

a circular

setting,

of Suldal, Rog.

(C. 3458).

a brooch, all over decorated inisidie

fr'aime.

now empty.

—

of them a round

In the miiddle of the

4,5

by 4,5 cms.

^

No

Fig. 29.

Literature:

N. F., p. 803.

Eia, parish and pgd. of Sokndal, Rog. (C. 6699). Silver brooch of peculiar shape. It has ten different settings, which

34.

is

must

amber, enamel, or coloured stones. The central portion to a higher level than the rest of the brooch. Size between 4 and 5 cm. Acquired single. Literature: Ab. 1873, p. 83, no. 149; illustrated fig. 31 a.

have been

35.

filled with

Vareberg

in Vestre

Amey, parish

of Mosteroy, pgd. of Rennesoy, Rog.

(C. 6837).

Oblong bronze mounting, probably once gilt, and possibly used as a brooch. A rectangular part forms one half of it, with a circular panel beside it, and the object terminates in a quadrilateral portion which is narrowest near the circle. The ornamentation is indistinct, but seems to consist of spiral ornaments on the circular panel, ribbon interlacing in the other parts. Length 7,2 cms., greatest width 2,1 cms. Womian's grave, probably from the earlier Viking period. Fig. 30. Literature: Ab. 1874, p. 68, no. 50; illustrated fig. 42.

Ornamental M e

t

al-

Work

of Irish Style Fig. 30.

Vareberg,

Mosteroy parish, Rennesoy, Rog.

Fig. 31 a.

Naereim, Suldal parish, Rog.

Fig. 31 b. N'Eereim,

Suldal parish,

Rog.

35

Ornamental Metal-Work

36

of Irish

Style

Fag. 32.

Vage, Suldal parish, Rog.

36.

Ncereim, parish and

Two

pr/d. of Suldal,

Bog. (C. 1848

—

49).

them is an ornamental plate of gilt bronze, decorated with animal ornaments. There are no traces of it having been used as a bpoooh. 6.5 cmis. 1. The other piece is a book-cLaisp, rectangular, with a joint at one end; in the middle an oblong rectangular plate covered with enamel within the setting, blue colour with white St. Andrew's crosses placed close to each other; also, yellow enamel. The plate itself measures Irish antiquities.

One

of

—

—

8 cm. by

1,7.

These two objects were found Viking period. Fig. 31 a^ ^b.

—

Literature:

37.

Ab. 1897,

in

a

woman's grave from the earlier

p. 35, fig. 2.

Vdge, parish and pgd. of Suldal, Rog. (St. 827). of penannular brooch of gilt bronze; defective.

Hoop

ring are two gaping animals' heads, rudely represented.

The terminals of the The eyes are formed

by two circular settings, in which are remains of some stuff that cannot be determined. Diameter of ring 6,8 to 6,4 cm. Woman's grave, probably dlating from the pe>ricid 850 900. Fig. 32.

—

.

Literature: Ab. 1879, p. 258, no. 95; illustrated

fig. 50.

Ornamental Metal-Work

of Irish Style

Fig. 34.

37

Laland, Klepp parish, Rog.

Fig. 33.

Reve, Bore parish, Klepp, Rog.

Reve, parish of Bore, pgd. of Klepp, Rog. (St. 1865). Small circular mounting of gilt bronze, evidently once used as a brooch. In the middle a small setting containing reniainis of amber. Outside this setting the object is decorated with ribbon interlacing and, along the edge, with a narrow border of small knobs. Diameter 2,7 cms. It cannot be ascertained whether this antiquity is from a man's grave or a woman's, nor whether it dates from the earlier or the later Viking period. 38.

Fig. 33.

Literature: Ab. 1894, Arsberetning 1894, pi. I,

p. 170, no.

13 a; illustrated in Stavanger Museum's

fig. 3.

Laland, parish and pgd. of Klepp, Rog. (St. 5670 a). ornament of gilt bronze, 4,9 cms. long by 1,8 cms. wide, the one end rectangular, the other end round. The front is framed by a raised border and 39.

Irish

filled with a

symmetrical ornament of two animal figures facing each other.

From woman's

grave, 9th centtu-y.

Literature: Stavamger

Fig. 34.

Museum Arshefte 1930

—32,

p. 41, no. 44.

Hdland, parish of Sanxleid, pgd. of Vikedal. Rog. (St. 1981). Lead balance-weight with a gilt bronze mounting containing Irish ornamentation. The mounting is square, with a square raised 2,3 cms. across 40.

—

knob

in the middle,

—

,

surrounded by a border of ribbon interlacing and a thin

frame of oblique grooves. Weight 71,84 gr. Man's grave. 10th century. Literature: Stavanger Museum's Arshefte 1897, pp. 61 62, no. 5 b; strated fig. 2 and in A. W. Brogger: Ertog og 0re, p. 81, fig. 38.

—

41.

Parish of Ntn-bo, pgd. of Hd, Rog.

(St.

illu-

2005).

Round gilt bronze mounting raised in the middle within a broad collar. The object is badly worn and damaged. May have been used as a brooch,

Ornamental M e

38

t

al-

W or k

of Irish

Style

Fig. 35.

Harestad, Randeberg parish, Hetland, Rog.

though there is now nothing to show it. The middle portion is quite flat at top with five holeis for rivets, showing that this portion must once have had a top-piece now missing. Spiral omametnts on the collar as well as on the sloping faces of the central area. Diameter 5,5 cmis. Literature: Ab. 1897, p. 97, no.

No

associations.

1.3.

Harestad, parish of Randeberg, pgd. of Hetland, Rog. (St. 2192). Crescent-shaped mounting of gilt bronze, with a creiscentHshaped' opening in the middle. The moimting is decorated with ribbon interlacing, beading, and a row of small arches. Length 5,8 cm., width 3,4 cm. It is not flat, having 42.

a raised middle area and the rest sloping down from Double buriial from the 9th century. Fig. 35. Literature: Stavanger Museum's Ansihefte 1899, p.

it.

65, no. 25; illustirated

p. 64, fig. 3).

Marvig, parish and pgd. of Jelsa, Rog. (St. 2271 a). Mounting of gilt bronze, shaped like a pyramid, with rectangular base and flat square top. The ornamentation of the latter consists of a quadrilateral 43.

figure with curved-in sides. in

it

Outside this figure there

is

ribbon interlacing,

the figure of a cross intersecting a small setting filled with a piece of

amber. Either of the broad-side faces of the object has, im the middle, a man's face between two quadrupedis turning their heads towards the face. Either narrow-side face has a small man's figure surmounted by two serpentine animals. Size 4,3 by 3,2 by 2 cms. The date cannot be fully ascertained, nor is it possible to determine the sex of the origiinal owner. Pig. 36. Literature: Stavaniger Museumis Arshefte 1900, p. 77, no. 26 a; illustnated

—

p. 78, fig. 9.

Ornamental Metal-Work

of Irish

Style

39

Fig. 36.

Marvig, Jelea parish, R02.

Vige, parish of Hesby, pgd. of Finnoy, Rog. (St. 3258 c). Cruciform ornament of gilt bronze, used as a brooch. In the middle there

44.

a circular portion decorated with scrolls. Of the arms two are like each other, either having two crescent-shaped incised panels, one at either end, is

and ribbon interlacing between the panels. The two other arms are larger, and differ mutually as well as from the two other arms: one of them has at its extremity a comparatively large semi-circle, and is, besides, decorated with spirals amid interlaced ribbons; the other, with a piece has a crescent-shaped enlargement on either side, the central part as well as the enlargements adorned with ribbon interlacings. Present size 8,1 by 7 cms. Woman's grave from' the earlier half of the 9tih century. Fig. 37.

asnimial

miotives,

broken

off,

JAterature:

Stavaniger

Museums Arshefte

1909, no. IV, p. 20, no. 68 a;

illustrated p. 21, fig. 4.

45.

Refsnes, parish of Ncerbe, pgd. of Hd, Rog. gilt bronze mounting, used as a brooch.

Round

(St.

3426

c).

In the o&ntre a setting

is a narrow an ornament rather resembling a cyma. This part is separated by a frame fillet from the larger external part of the mounting, which part is decorated with scrolls. Diameter 4,2 cms. Womian's grave from the earlier Viking period. Fig. 38.

containing visible remiains of a green stone. Outside this setting belt with

Literature: Stavanger

Museums Arshefte

1910, no. 5, pp. 39

—

40, no. 101 c;

illustrated p. 40, fig. 19.

Orresanden, parish of Orre, pgd. of Klepp, Rog. (St. 3549 c). Oblong, quadrilateral mounting of gilt bronze, used a^ a brooch, having

46.

Ornamental Metal-Work

40

of Irish Style Fig. 37.

Vige, Heeby parish,

Finnoy, Rog.

Fig. 39.

Orre,

Orre parish, Klepp, Rog.

Fig. 40.

Line,

Time

parish.

Lye, Rog

Fig. 38.

Refoiies, Naerbo parish,

Ha, Rog.

Fig. 42.

Retsnes, Naerbo parish.

Ha, Rog.

Ornamental Metal-Work

Fig. 41.

Auetratt,

of Irish Style

41

Hoyland parish, Rog.

an iron pin affixed' on tli© back. Im the middle a small setting surroundted by a border of transverse hatching. Outside this border, ribbon interlacing. One of the ends s-eems to have been cut off. Size 3,6 by 1,7 cms.

No

asisociationis.

Literature:

Fig. 39.

Stavanger Museums Arsihefte 1912, no. IV,

p.

11,

mo. 36

c;

illustrated p. 12, fig. 5.

Line, parish and pgd. of Time, Rog. (St. 4259 I b). Oblong brooch of gilt bronze, widest at the middle, tapering towards the ends, one of which is brotoen off. In the middle is a circular panel with a 47.

small, roumdl central knob, surrounded by a border of transiverse hatching

within a raised frame. The narrow arms issuing from the central panel are decorated with simple ribbon interlacing. Present length 4,5 cms., greatest

width 1,8 cms. Woman's grave frtam the earlier Viking period. Fig. 40. Literature: Stavangeir Museumis Arsihefte 1921 24, no. V,

—

p. 19, no.

47

lb.

Austrdtt, parish and pgd. of Hoyland, Rog. (St. 4935). Bronze terminal mounting of drinking-horn, bird-shaped, a very beautiful specimen, well preserved. Tlie bird's beak is closed. Its eye-sockets are filled with red enamel. The under-side of the head itself is flat, and has an ornament of delicately incised ribbon interlacing, terminating at the wider end ini a mask. Behind the eyes, in front of the nuchal ligament, there is an incised trilateral ornament in relief. The upper part of the body is decorated with short cross-lines on both sides. length 11,2 cms. Acquired single. Fig. 41. Literature: Stavanger Museums Arshefte 1928—30, no. 2, p. 20, no. 84; 48.

illustrated p. 21, fig. 8.

Refsnes, parish of JVfprbo, pgd. of Ha, Rog. (St. .5073 b). Oblong, rectangular brooch of gilt bronze, preserved in two fragments.

49.

has a comparatively large central panel extending across the whole

It

object,

42

Ornamental Metal-Work

Fig. 43 a.

of Irish

Style

Bergoy, Fi&ter parish, Hjelmeland, Ros.

Ornamental M e al-W or k t

Fig. 43 b.

of Irish Style

Bergoy, Fister parish, Hjelmeland, Rog.

43

Ornamental Metal-Work

44

Style

of Irish

and on either side of this a rectangular panel divided into two squares. A setting between the central panel and either side panel. The central pamel contains a very poor representation, in high relief, of two animals' heads.

The

Length

side panels contain only simple interlaced ribboois.

4,6 cms.,

width 2,2 cms.

Woman's

grave, most probably from the earlier half of the 9th century.

Fig. 42.

Stavanger Museumis Arshefte 1930

Literature: strated

1.

c,

fig.

— 32,

p.

8,

no. 3 b;

illu-

3.

Bergoy, parish of Fisler, pgd. of Hjelriieland, Rog. (St. 5110). Bronze penannular brooch, gilt on the front side and thinly tin-coated on

50.

the back.

The brooch

is

similar to Reginald A. Smith:

—

Brooches of five There are, however,

Irish

fig. 5 (Archaeologia Vol. 65, 1913 14). a few variations. The trilateral panels in the terminals are plain in the Bergoy specimen, and there is no junction piece between the terminals. But the large round spaces in the Norwegian broioch, originally the eyes of the

Centuries, p. 230,

animals, are larger in the Bergoy brooch, with ornamentation along the edges.

There are traces of

inlaid

amber

in

as already stated, a thin coating of

one of the rounds. tin,

— The other side

richly doonateid with engraved

has,

omar

ments. In the internal angles of the large triangular panels are circular areas filled with scrolls. Iia each of the two triangular panel there is an animal figure executed with a wealth of detail. On the narrowest part of the

hoop is a panel decorated with interlacing motives. 9,4 and 9,1 cms. Length of pin 13,5 cms.

—

Hamdeid in alone. Fig. 43 a b. Literature: Stavanger Musiewms Ansbefite 1930 1.

c,

fig.

51.

—

5a

—

—32, pp.

Diameter of ring

16—17;

ilhistrated

b.

Neighbourhood

of Stavanger, Rog. (Nationalmuseet, Kjobenhavni, 7759).

Cylindrical mounting of

gilt

bronze, possibly for the staff of a croisier,

15,5 cmis. long, 4 cmis. across at the widest, 3,5 cms. across at the niarrower end, wtiich terminates in three tongues.

Richly decorated with scrolls and inter-

laced ribbons.

No

associations.

Literature:

Fig. 44.

Undset:

illustrated pp. 47

—

Norsike Oldsager

48, figs.

88 a

—

i

fremmede museer,

pp. 46

—48;

c.

Seim, parish and pgd. of Roldal, Hord. (B. 492). Oblong mounting of gilt bronze. Cannot be seen to have been used as a brooch. Smooth fillets along the edges of three sides, crescent-shaped settings at the ends of the short sides. In the middle a rhombic panel, containing 52.

Ornamental Metal-Work

Fig. 44.

of Irish Style

Stavanger, Rog.

45

Ornamental M e

46

t

al-

W or k

of Irish Style Fig. 45.

Seim, Reldal parish, Hord.

in each corner an animal's head facing the cemlre, and richly decorated with animal ornamentation, interlaced ribbons and Sipinals. Size 6,6 by 3,9 cms.

Was

found in 1811, lying

of cloth in a casket. Literature:

—

accordimig to report

— wrapped up

in a piece

Fig. 45.

Lorange

I.e.,

p.

150; illustrated

Rygh 689.

Parish of Eidflord, pgd. of Ulvik, Hord. (B. 3872). Hoop of penannular brooch of gilt bronze, with wide terminals (cp. R. 697).

53.

Settings in all the

part of the hoop.

comers of the terminals, similar settings in the middle The front is divided into sunk panels, richly decorated

with ribbon interlacings. Diameter of hoop 8,8 cms.

Acquired

single.

Literature: Ab. 1881, p. 97, no. 190. 54. Vatne, parish of Seim, pgd. of Alversund, Hord. (B. 3308 k). Oblong gilt vwimiing of bronze, tapering towards one emd; portions cut off both ends; richly decorated with animal and scroll ornaments. On the front are two raised animal figures with returned heads, and with fore-legs spread out, but hind-legs umseparated. The figures are smooth, apart from transverse hatching on headis amid blacks. Probably uised as a brooch. Lenigth 6,1 cms., greatest width 4,5 cms. Woman's graive; prohably from the 10th century. Fig. 46. Literature: Ab. 1879, p. 242, no. 4 k; illustrated fig. 58.

I

Ornamental M etal-Work

of Irish Style

47

Fig. 46 b.

Vatne, Seim parish,

Alversund, Hord.

Fig. 46 a.

Vatne, Selin parich,

Alversund, Hord.

Fig. 47. Stele, Stole parish,

Etne, Hord.

Fig. 48.

Forde, Sveio parish,

Vikebvgd, Hord.

Ornamental Metal- Work

48

Stole, parish of Stole, pgd. of Etne,

55.

Round mounting

of gilt bronze, useid

£i3

of Irish Style

Hord.

(B. 4712).

a broioch. Wheel-shaped, defective,

with simple ribbon interlacing on the transverse arms. centre, probably for a rivet.

No

reliable associations.

Literature:

56.

Ab. 1890,

Diameter

5,1

A

small hole in the

cms.

Fig. 47.

p. 125, no.

94 b; illustrated

fig. 22.

Forde, parish of Sveio, pgd. of Vikebygd, Hord. (C. 2892). no traces of having been used as a

Gilt oblong bronze mounting, with

brooch.

Consists of two parts differing in width.

tangular with a rectangular panel in

ornamentation.

Acquired

57.

Vili,

is

rec-

middle, surrounded by a cyma initerlacing. Length 6,8 cm.

The narrow part has ribbon

single.

Literature:

tlie

The wider part

Fig. 48.

N. F., p. 353.

parish of Stamnes, pgd. of Bruvik, Hord.

Museum

(Bergens

M. A. 60). Thick, massive ring of iron with a thick coating of bronze. Diameler of its thickness 1,7 cms. The ring is carried by a double, decorative

ring 11,2 cms.,

animal's head, cast in massive bronze. The animal's head measures 5,8 cms. in its full lenigth. Its eyes are slightly sunk within a setting frame, surely

with coloured enamel. In a couple of places the ring is damaged so that a little of the underlying iron is visible. This ring is reported to

once

filled

—

have been found 1839, in a grave-mounid, though no associated antiquities were dLsoovereid. Fig. 49. Literature: H. Shetelig: Stamnes-ringen, Bergens Museums Arbok 1927. Historisk-Aratikvarisk Rekke 1927, no. 3; illustrated pp. 4 5, figs. 1 2.

—

—

58.

Berdal, parish of Rinde, pgd. of Leikanger,

S.

og Fj. (B. 602).

Cruciform mounting of gilt bronze, with a circular central portion. Adapted for use as a brooch. Only two of the arms are the same size; of the two other armis, one is longer, the other shorter than the two of equal lemgth. Ribbon

on the central portion as well as on the arms. Size Woman's grave from the earlier Viking perioid. Fig. 50. Literature: Lorange 1. c, p. 176; illustrated Rygh 630.

interlacing

59.

5,5

by

4,1 cm?.

Vangsnes, parish of Vangsnes, pgd. of Balestrand, S. og Fj. (B. 701). of gilt bronze, cup-shaped, with a collar at bottom and a

Round mounting

The flat portion shows nibbon ornamientiationi, four animals in different patterns. On the top there is a four-armed ornament, with a small setting at the intersection of the arms. In the portion between

smaller, flat portion at top.

Ornjimental Metal- Work of Irish Style

Fig. 49.

4

— Viking Antiquities V.

Vik, Stamnee parish, Bruvik, Hord.

49

Ornamental M e

50

t

al-

W or k

of Irish Style

Fig. 50. S.

og

Fj.

Berdal, Rinde parish, Leikanger,

The miounting measures

the arms there are scrolls.

7,5 cms. across.

It

was

once used as a brooch. Woman's grave from about 800. Literature: Lorange 1. c, p. 120.

Flahammer, parish of Dale, pgd. of Luster, S. og Fj. (B. 1097). Round gilt bronze mounting, strongly convex, with an iron band on the

60.

reverse; probably used as a brooch. Five settings oontaindng pieces of amber,

the largest of them in the middle, the four smaller ones in a wide border

along the edge.

Woman's

Literature: 61.

Diameter

5,7 cms.

grave; the later Viking period.

Lorange

I.e.,

p.

Fig. 51.

172; illustrated.

Viksoren, parish and pgd. of Vik, S. og Fj. (B. 1240). mounting, defective aud strongly oxidised, the ornamentation

Bronze indistinct.

5,8

by

Consists of two parts, one broader than the other.

Present size

6,1 cms.

Literature:

Lorange

1.

c, p. 183.

Mindresunde, parish of Nedstryn, pgd. of Stryn, S. og Fj. (B. 4505). Fragments of penannular brooch of gilt bronze. The form is the usual one of Irish peniannulars with wide terminals, a form that may probably have been deriived from a reprasentation of a gaping amiimial's heiad. Tlie ornamentiation consists of interlaced ribbons and spirals. In the upper comer of the flat terminal of the hoop there is a setting, now empty, which, at the finding of the brooch, contained a piece of amber or red stone. There is. likewise a setting at the top of the pin. The diameter of the hoop was 5,7 cms. Woman's grave from the earlier Vikinig period. Fig. 52. Literature: Ab. 1887, p. 117, no. 64 b. 62.

Ornamental M e tal-W or k

of Irish Style

51

Fig. 51.

Flahammer, Dale parish, Luster, S. og Fj.

—

Hopperstad, parish and pgd. of Vik, S. og Fj. (B. 4511 i k). Two balance-weights of lead, with gilt bronze plaques. One of them has one a three-anmied' shape, with two mountingis connected with each other, of them ribbon-shaped, the other heart-shaped. The former mounting has a 63.

—

raised star-shaped ormiamient: at each end, and ribbon interlacing between

them; the latter is limited' by two snake-like animals with opposed heads and limbless trunks with oblique hatching. Ribbon interlacing between these The other balance-weight has a bronze mounting that ornaments too. surrounds the lead, and is shaped like an animal's head, with the muzzle upright. On the upper side a beardless mask surmiounting a leaf-shaped ornament. On either sidle a round setting containing blue glass paiste meant to represent the eyes. On one sidie an interlaced-ribbon ornament, on the

—

other delicately engraved, simple spirals.

Womian's grave from the later Vilklinlg period (10th century). Fig. 53 a Literature: Ab. 1887, p. 123, no. 70 i—k; illustrated figs. 20—21. 64.

—

^b.

Folven, parish of Opstryn, pgd. of Stryn, S. og Fj. (B. 4752 b). of gilt bronze, used as a brooch, cut off from an originally

Mounting

On three sidts edge fillets; there are three round settings, now empty, and between these spiral ornaments and ribbon interlacing.

lairger piece.

Size 4,8 by 3,9 cms.

Woman's

grave, most probably from the earlier half of the 9th century.

Fig. 54.

Literature:

65.

Ab. 1891,

p. 127, no.

13

b.

Fure, parish and pgd. of Askvold,

S.

og Fj. (B. 4969

a).

Lid-shaped mounting of gilt bronze, richly decorated with animal ornaments and ribbon interlacing. The lid is quadrilateral with rectangular base

Ornamental Metal-Work

52

of Irish Style

Fig. 52.

Mindresunde, Nedstryn parish, Stryn, S. og Fj.

r The top face bears mentation. On the back there

and

top.

-v*-^

the initerlacing, the side faces the animal orna-

an iron band, showing that the piece was once used as a broocli. Size 7,5 by 6 cms. Heigth 2 cms. Wonnan's griaive from the early Vitoinig period'. Fig. 55. Literature:

Ab. 1893,

is

p. 146, mo.

34

a; illustrated p. 147.

Hove, parish and pgd. of Vik, S. og Fj. (B. 5551 f). Drinking-horn terminal mounting of tin-coated bronze, shaped like an animal's head. The aniimal's heaid proper iis 5,7 cmi. long. Its neck is separated from the socket by a raised band. The head itself has long, oval eyes; the panels on either side of the upper jaw are engraved with closie-set oblique lines. With this object were associated two mouth mountings for the same drinking-hom (g), consisting of two cylindrical cases of sheet-bronze, one of them once the outer mounting, the other the inner do. The outer mounting is tin-coaited, and decorated with am' interlaced ribbon ornament of engraved lines forming a very simple pattern. Handed in with bronze peniamnular brooch. Pig. 56. Literature: Bergens Museums Arbok 1904, no. 6, p. 333, no. 145 f; illu66.

strated p. 33,

67.

fig.

12.

Belle, parish of Vangen, pgd. of Aurland, S. og Fj. (B. 5773 a).

Gilt bronze mounting.

It

consists of

a piece approaching a semd-circle

in

shape, from one side of which extends a narrower portion^ with projecting

comers. The object

is

surrounded by a markedly raised contour

line.

There

Ornamental M etal-Work

Fdg. 53 a, b.

Hopperetad, Vik

of Irish So ^l

parieli, S.

og

Fj.

e

53

Ornamental Metal-Work

54

of Irish Style

Fig. 57. Belle,

Vangen

Aurland,

is (rf

a circular

setting,

now empty,

ribbiom interlacing,

Womian's

animal

Fj.

The ornamentation

and scrolls. Size 5,5 by with any exactitude. Fig. 57.

orniaimeint.s

bo diaitied Bergens Museums Arbok 1902, no.

igrawe; oaininot

Literature:

in tiie centre.

parish,

og

S.

3, pp.

33

—34,

consists 5,2 cms.

no. 53 a;

illustrated p. 34, fig. 9.

Hdlen, parish and pgd. of Leikanger,

68.

S.

og

Silver penannular brooch, of which only rather

hoop

is

preserved.

Fj.

(B.

5854

b).

more than one half

The terminals are square with a round

cemitral

of the

setting,

a raised shell-shaped figure in each comer, and besides this interlaced ribIn the middle of the hoop, a longish oval panel containing a central

bons.

surrounded by ribbon interlacing. Greatest external width (of hoop) about 8 om. Probably woimian's grave from the earlier Vikiing period. Fig. 58. Literature: Bergens Museums Arbok 1903, no. 14, pp. 43 44, no. 63 b; setting,

—

illustrated p. 43, fig. 13.

Sande, parish of Gjemmestad, pgd. of Gloppen, S. og Fj. (B. 6026 f). of gilt bronze, used as a brooch. It consists of a main portion of circular shape, with a smaller projection shaped like a fish-tail. The main 69.

Mounting

a grooved central fcniob and prominently raised edge decorated with ribbon interlacing. Tlie small projection, too, has portion has

fillets,

and

is

eidg-ing fillets

and a three-lobed interlaced-ribbon ornament. Length 5 cms., width of circular miain portion 3,4 cms.

Woman's grave from

the earlier Viking period, most probably from the

earlier part of the 9th century.

Fig. 59.

Ornamental Metal- Work

Fig. 58.

Literature:

of Irish

Halen, Leikanger parish.

S.

Bergens Museums Arbok 1906, no.

og

Style

55

—12;

illustrated

Fj.

14, pp. 11

p. 11, fig. 4.

Skjervum, parish and pgd. of Vik,

70.

S.

og Fj. (B. 6500

c).

Circular ornamental plaque of gilt bronze. Raised edge fillet. In thlei middle a oonivex pdece of dark blue glass, imlto whiose upper fiace is cut the familiar motive of three double spirals with the convex curves facing each other.

Outside the setting runs a border filled with ribbon interlacing. Dia-

meter 3 cms. The object hasi iron-niist on the back, and wais pnohabJy used as a brooch in Norway. W'omiam's graive. Most Mbely from the end of the 8th century. Fig. 60. Literature: Oldtiden II, Bergens Museums Tilvekst, pp. 3 4, no. 3 c; illu-

—

strated p. 4, fig.

1.

Arsheim, parish of Hove, pgd. of Selje, S. og Fj. (B. 6613 a). corresponding mountings of gilt bronze, rectangular, divided into 2 panels of equal size. One of them is pyramid-shaped with a square, empty 71.

Two

setting at top.

The

latter

has only interlaced-ribbon ornamentation, while the

other has lanimail ornaments too. Size 6 by 3,7 cms.

Probably from a woman's grave. Cannot be accurately dated. Fig. 61. Literature: Oldtiden III, Bergens Museums Tilvekst 1912, pp. 21 22, no. 24 a; illustrated p. 22, fig. 15.

—

Ornamental M e al-W or k

56

t

of Irish Style Fig. 60.

Skjervuni, Vik parish. S.

og

Fj.

Fig. 59.

Sande, Gjemmeetad parish,

Gloppen,

S.

og

Fj.

Brekke, parish of Brekke, pgd. of Lavik, S. og Fj. (B. 6637 a). Round, convex ornamental plaque of gilt bronze, with a high iillet along the edge and a raised central area filled with an interlaced-ribbon ornament. Round this central area there is a border richly decorated with spiral ornamentis. The object wais used lais a brooch in Norway; om the under-side there are, on the other hand, near the edge two small projections cast with the plate and presumably intended to attach the object to another as a mounting. 72.

Measure across

No

5,5 cms.

reliable asisociatiioms.

Literature:

Oldtiden

III,

Fig. 62.

Bergens Museums Tilvekst 1912,

p. 30, no.

48

a;

illustrated p. 31, fig. 21.

Vinjum, parish of Vangen, pgd. of Aurland, S. og F]. (B. 7713 b). silver ornament; gilt. Must once have been used as a brooch, seeing that it is provided with an iron pin. The object has a plain central 73.

Quadrangular

panel, framed by a setting of four animal figures, cast in relief and

symme-

each other. At one transverse side there is a circular setting containing a piece of amber. Another piece of the same material was probably once inlaid in the sunk central area. Size 3,7 by 3,1 cms. trically

opposed

to

Woman's grawe from Literature: illustrated fig.

the second half of the 9th century. Bergens Museums Arbok 1926, no. 1, pp. 22 5, p. 23; see also 1924—25, no. 4, p. 14, fig. 8.

Fig. 63

—23,

a.

no. 71 b;

Vinjum, parish of Vangen, pgd. of Aurland, S. og Fj. (B. 7713 g). Terminal bronze mounting of drinking horn, shaped like a bird's head.

74.

6 cms.

1.

Ornamental Metal-Work

of Irish Style

57

Fig. 61.

Areheini, Selje, S.

Hove og

parish,

Fj.

Fig. 62.

Brekke, Brekke parish, Lavlk, S. og Fj.

Fig 63

a.

Vinjuni,

Vangen

parish, Aurland, S. og Fj.

Fig 63

b.

Vinjum, Vangen parish,

.'Vui'Iand,

S.

og

Fj.

Ornamental Metal -Work

58

Fig. 63

c.

of Irish

Vinjum, Vangen parish, Aurland,

S.

og

Style

Fj.

Woiman's grave from the seoonid half of the 9th century. Fig. 63 Beirgems Muiseuims

Literature: strated 75.

fig. 6, p. 23,

Arbok

1926, no.

see also 1924—25, no.

Vin]um, parish of

Vangen,

jygd.

1,

and ribbon interliaoimig, From the upper part of the lid rises

of Aurland, S. og Fj.

termiiniating in

a very conventional

iall

(B. lid.

7713

h).

Animal

the oimiaiments deilioateiy engnaived.

a cast

aniimial's

Illu-

4, p. 16, fig. 9.

Thin, somewhat flaWeined, cup of thin bronze, with bottom and motives, scrol'ls

b.

p. 24, no. 71 g.

bronze tube with a cross-arm

head. Tlie tube

is caist

sepiarately,

Ornamental Metal-Work

of Irish Style

59

Fig. 64.

Prestegftrden,

Veoy

parish,

More. Fig.

64 a.

Indre Eid€, Nordalen parish, Mare.

and probably soldered on

,

to the lid.

No

traces of gilding are

External diameter 12 cms. Fromi a womian's graive like the preoediriig Literature: strated p. 25, 76.

Fig. 63

speciimein/.

Bergens Museums Arbok 1926, no.

p.

1,

now

visible.

c.

24, no.

71 h;

illu-

fig. 7.

Myklebost, parish of Dale, pgd. of Fjaler,

S.

og Fj. (B. 7833 v).

Fragment of bronze or silver mounting, badly damaged by fire. Present size 2,4 by 2,2 cms. Man's grave from the earlier Viking period. Literature: Bergens Museums Arbok 1927, no. 2, p. 41, no. 92 v. 77.

Hauge, parish of Borgund, pgd. of Lcerdal,

S.

og

Fj. (Statiens historlsike

museum, Stockholm 17343:15). Fragment of bronze penannular brooch; only an insignificant fragment of the pin is preserved. The terminals of the hoop are seen to have been of the wide triangular shape, widest at the extremity, with a small circular setting at the inner end.

part of the hoop are

dfeooiralied

Acquired single. Literature: I. Undset: Stockholm,

p. 21, no.

The wide terminals

as well as the narrow middle

Diameter

with ribbon interlacing.

Norske jord-fundne oldsager

16687; illustrated

pi. II, fig. 7.

i

6,2 cms.

Nordiska Museet

i

Ornamental Metal-Work

60

of Irish Style

n

Fig. 65.

Roald, Roaid parieh,

Fig. 66.

Harani, More.

78.

Oseborg,

0rsta parish, More.

Prestegdrden, parish and pgd. of Veoy, More.

(B.

Silver penannular brooch and bronze strap-buckle.

1470

—

71).

The penainnular

ter-

minates in square plates containing ribbon imiterlacing and a setting in the middle of either. Tlie strap-buclde has a trilateral projection with delicate ornamentation.

It is

probably of Irish provenance.

These objects are presumably from a

main's grave.

No accurate dating

Fig. 64.

poisisiible.

Literature:

Lorange

I.e.,

— 11.

pp. 110^

Indre Eide, parish and pgd. of Nordalen, More. (B. 4257). Cruciform bronze mounting; no gilding visible. In the middle a circular panel with central settimig, now empty, surrounded by three raised ornamented rounds in a frame. From the circular centre extend four short arms. One 79.

of these

is

forked, the one directly opposite to

it is

dcoonated with a

sidle-face,

either of the two others with a full-face miask with a pointed chin between

two

trefoil

fihielidls.

Used

ais

a brooch. Size 6,7 by 7 em. Fig. 64 a.

Woman's

grave'

from

the seoorud half of the 9th century. Literature:

Ab. 1884,

p. 87, no.

18

a.

Roald, parish of Roald, pgd. of Ear am, More. (B. 5899 a). Cruciform mounting of gilt bronze, probiaMy used ais a brooch. In the middle a round setting containing, it seems, remiaiins of red enaimel. Around 80.

Ornamental Metal-Work

of Irish

Style

61

a circular area with raised ribbon interlacing, which is also found on the four short annus of the mounting. Measure across 5,5 cms. Woiroain's grave; cannot be accurately dated. Fig. 65.

it

Litterature:

Bergens Museums Arbok 1904, no.

12, p. 23, no.

44

a.

Kalvatn, parish and pgd. of Volda, Mere. (B. 8384 h). Thin bronze plqte for a buckle, retaining a fragment of the leather strap.

81.

The

front

shows a

ijlaiited

ornament

in

a square central

piamel

surrounded by

a key-pattern border.

Frotm a man's grave, probably about 900. Literature:

Bergens Museums Aarbok 1933.

Hist.-ant.

rekke no.

3, p. 24,

no. 47 h.

Oseborg, parish and pgd. of Orsta, More. (B. 7109 a). Narrow, oblong mounting of gilt bronze. In the miiddle a double ring i/n high relief, at either end a full-face mask, and ribbon interlacing between the masks. Length 5,7 cms. 82.

Woman's

gmave, apparenibly from the end of the 8th century.

Literature:

Oldtiden X, Bergens

Museums

Fig. 66.

Tilvekst 1919, p. 64, no. 52 a;

illustrated fig. 4.

83.

Two

Loykja, parish of Hof, pgd. of Sunndal, Mere. (T. 14039 i). small fragments of a circular bronze mounting with plaited decoration

Possibly adapted as a brooch. Fromi a double interment of a man and womian, 9th. century.

of Irish style.

Literature:

T. V. S. S.

Oldsaksamlingens Tilvekst 1929,

p. 36, no.

140

i.

Romfohjellen, parish of Romfo, pgd. of Sunndal, More. (C. 6185). Gilt bronze mounting of oblong, rectangular shape. No traces of it having

84.

been used as a brooch. A portion is cut off from one of its short sides, the other Slides have edge fillets. On. the flat portion of the mounting there are three snake-like figures executed in high relief with their heads partly raised from the groimd. The panel between the snake figures is filled with flatly cut animal ornamentation in a dense pattern. The eyes of the three snake figures were once represented by small pieces of red vitreous paste, one half of which is still preserveid. Near the middle of the mounting there is a big round setting conitaining a well-preserved convex piece of amber. Present siize 8,8 by 4,8 cm. No reliable associations. Fig. 67 a b.

—

—

Literature: Ab. 1872, pp.

92—93,

no. 840; illustrated fig. 39

and Rygh 632.

Ornamental M

62

Fig. 67 a

85.

Bud, Mere.

— b.

e

t

W or k

al-

Ronifohjellen,

of Irish Style

Roniifo parish,

Sunndal, Moro.

(T. 9607).

Bronze terminal shaped like an animal's head. The lower jaw broken off. designiated by round hollows. The omiameTitatioii cannot now be determined. Between head and neck there is a small border of dotted circles. Length 7,3 cms. Handed in alone; no further information to hand.

The eyes

Literature:

Oldtiden

II.

T. V. S.

S.,

Tilvekst 1911, p. 10, no.

6.

Rise, parish and pgd. of Opdal, S. T. (C. 646). Mounting for a reliquary (?) of gilt bronze, shaped like the figure of a mian. It represents a beardless man witli a sword attached at his right side, and with scrolls on his shoulders. On either side of the head there is a short 86.

Ornamental M e al-W or k

of Irish

t

Fig. 68.

Rise, Opdal parish,

Opdal,

S. T.

Fig. 69.

Solstad,

Borseskogn parish,

Borea, S. T.

Fig. 70.

PrestesSrden,

Opdal parish, S. T.

Style

63

Ornamental M e al-W or k

64

t

rectangular projection containing ribbon is

of Irish

interlacing.

On

Style the breast there

a square, plain panel; the rest of the body and the ad joining side-faces

are filled with a broad interlaced-ribbon pattern. The eyes are round setnow empty, but surely once filled with small pieces of vitreous paste.

tings,

Size 6,5 by 2,8 cm.

The

was acquired

object

Literature:

87.

single.

Fig. 68.

N. F., p. 582; illustrated

Rygh 616.

Solstad, parish of Borseskogn, pgd. of Borsa, S. T.

Balance-weight

of

lead,

(T. 3213).

mounted with a bronze plaque coated with

In the middle there is a setting, now empty; round this setting a narrow raised frame with transverse hatching, surrounded by a wider border containing ribbon interlacing and 3 sauroid animal figures. Round it all, along the edige, there is a soimewhat wider frame with transverse hatching. Weight 221 gr. size 4,4 by 4,5 cms. Acquired isinigle. Fig. 69. thin sheet-gold in Celtic style.

;

Ab. 1884,

Literature:

Ertog og 0re,

p. 74, no. 35;

illustrated fig. 8,

and in Brogger:

p. 80, fig. 36.

Prestegdrden, parish and pgd. of Opdal, S. T. (T. 3341). Bronze mounting for strap (for a reliquary?), oblong and rectangular, with la isunk rhombic f iigure, in the oeintre of which is a circular setting, now empty. Outside the rhombic figure are ribbon interlacings, on three sides surrounded by a raised frame. One end terminates in. two arms, connected by an iron rod. Neiar the other end, the buokle-chape, once holding the strap. Size 5,5 by 2 cms. Probably mian's gnawe firoim the later ViiMng period. Fig. 70. Literature: Ab. 1885, p. 131, no. 25 h; illustrated fig. 19. 88.

89.

Nes, parish of Nes, pgd. of Bjugn, S. T. (T. 13711 c). penannular brooch. A comparatively smiall fraigment of the

Gilt bronze

hoop is missing. The hoop has, as usual, wide triangular terminals with a round setting in the ujjper amgle of either terminal. One of these settings still retains a piece of amter. In the middle of the hoop, between the expanded termiinals, there is another round setting, likewise two smaller ones respectively on the upper and the lower sides of the broad flat parts. Between these settings the flat portions are filled with ribbon interlacing, except that there is a smooth rhombic figure marked off by a raised frame in the middle of each portion. Such frames also mark off the flat areas themselvieis. Ribbon interlacing the narrow part of the hoop, too. The pin terminates at the top in a rhomb with a small round setting in each corner,

m

—

Ornamental M e tal-W or k

of Irish Style

65

Fig. 71.

Nes, Nee parish,

Bjugn,

S. T.

a smooth rhombic figure in the centre, the rest oontaindng ribbon interlacing. Diameter of ring 7 cms. Length of pin 8,5 cms. Woman's grave, most probably from the earlier half of the 9th century. Fig.

71.

Det Kongelige Norske Videnskabers Selskab, Forhandlinger, En nyfunnen irsk ringspenne en norsk kvinne1, fig. 1, and Oldsaksamlingens Tilvekst illustrated grav fra eldre vikingetid, Literature:

no. 55; Th. Petersen:

Vol.

1928, pp. 90.

7—8,

no. 20,

i

fig. 1.

Midtlyngen, parish of Horg, pgd. of Storen,

S. T.

(Statens Historiska

Museum, Stockholm 17343:1570). Mounting of gilt bronze, oblong, tapering off towards one end, with a raised' frame along the edges. Undset remiarks that it may have beeni a hasp for a casket-lock. Length 8,6 cms., greatest width 2.,8 cms. Acquired siingle. Fiig. 72. Literature: Undset: Norske jordfundine oldsager Nordiska Museet, p. 31, i

no. 36297; illustrated pi. 5

—

Viking Antiquities V.

II, fig. 6.

Ornamental Metal- Work

66

of Irish

Styls

Fig. 72.

Midtlyngen, Horg parish, St0ren, S. T.

Sndsa,

91.

JV.

T. (C. 758).

Silver penannular brooch, miagnificent,

alitiiost

complete.

The hoop has

the ordinary expanded triangular terminals, either of them with a round

now empty,

in the upper angle. Remains of amber are still to be few other settinigis. In the middle of the broad terminals there are similar settings, and likewise smaller ones on the upper and lower faces of the lower part of the hoop. The ornaments consist of a dense net of interlaced ribbons, spread' over the narrower part of the hoop, too. The upper part of the pin has an enlarged trilateral portion containing one comparatively large setting in the middle, and another smaller one in each comer. In these, remains of amber are- still to be seem. Besides this there is ribbon interlacing here, too. Likewise on the lower part of the pin, whose extreme point is missing. Diameter of ring 8,5 and 9 cms., length of pin setting,

seen

in a

—

—

—

14,5 cms.

No

associations.

Literature:

N.

Fig. 73. F., p.

659; illustrated Bygh

697—698.

Ornamental Metal- Work

of Irish Style

67

Fig. 73.

Snaea, N. T.

Fig. 74.

Dalen (Nedre), Maere parish,

Sparbu, N. T.

Nedre Dalem, parish of Mcere, pgd. of Sparbii, N. T. (C. 5336). Fragment of gilt bronze mounting, probably of Irish provenance. It has 92.

among

o^ther

omaments

aeimial

fi'gureis,

a masik,

lamld

by 4 cms. Judging from associated objects this fraigment which oamniot be accuraitely diaiteid. Fig. 74.

spiral O'lmiaimeniis.

Size

4,8

Literature:

93.

Ab. 1871,

is

from a man's grave,

p. 70; illustrated fig. 13.

Kolset, parish of Mcere, pgd. of Sparbu, N. T. (T. 14329 d).

Set of enamelled bronze mountings for horse's harness, most of them damaged by fire. Tliie principal pieces are the following:

on the back. The ornament consisting of three animal figures

a) Circular mounting, 4,8 cms. wide, with projecting loop

front is filled with a triquetra

of Irish style, and surrounded by a eHiamel in

all

flat,

hatched border. Remaiins of red

the sunk parts of the ornament.

b) Square plaque, 3,8 cms. wide, with a projecting loop in the centre of the black.

The

front is dieooraited with a pair of double ovial rings placed

cross-wise and interlaced, surrounded by a

of red enamel in

all

flat,

hatched border. Remains

the simk parts of the ornament.

round button^ 2,7 cms. wide, with projecting loop on the back. The convex front its decorated with four curved lines raidiating from the sunk centre, and a flat border with a dense row of small perforations.

c) Small,

slightly

Ornamental M e

68

t

al

-

Work

of Irish Style

w

Fig. 75.

Kolset, Msere parish, Sparbu, N. T.

d) Fragments of two twin strap mountings, each of them consistmig of two narrow mounts attached to a double hoop. The mounts aind their rivet-

heads are decorated with incised ornaments of Irish style, and the discs adorning the hooips bear traces of red einiamiel. The whole set is closely related to similar hamess mountings found in the grave of Kiloran Bay, Colonsay. From a man's grave, 10th century. Fig. 75. Literature: T. V. S. S. Oldsaksamlingens Tilvekst 1931, p. 6, no. 13. Halsan, parish and pgd. of Levanger, N. T. (T. 497 and 503). Two oblong mountings of gilt bronze, quite smooth on the back, whithout

94.

any indication of having been used as brooches. Both are fragmentary; but one of them (Bygh 634) may be safely restored as a miounting, long, narrow and rectangular; 15,4 cms. long, and 2,9 cms. wide. Either end has, in high

Ornamental Metal-Work

Fig. 76.

of

Irish Style

69

Halean, Levanger parish, N. T.

an animars head with its jaws wide apa>rt and terminating in coiled-up spirals. The animals' necks are expainided so as to form circular figures, filled with scrolls and connected by comparatively narrow bands. The interThe vals between the animals' figures are filled with ribbon interlacings. other mounting is more fragmentiary, oblong, at present 6,3 cms. long; its ornaments, executed in high relief, aire peculiar, with both animal and interrelief,

—

laced^ribbon motives.

Womiam's grave, not to be precisely dated. Fig. 76. Ab. 1869, p. 36; illustrated fig. 22, and

Literature:

95.

Fulset, parish of Hegra, pgd.

of

in Rrjgh

631 and 634.

Ovre Stiordalen, N. T.

(T. 912).

Round bronze mounting, 6,3 cms. across, quite thin. There is in the middle a cruciform figure between four open-work circles with cross-arms; in each of the circles there are small cruciform figures with round bits of amber Likewise bigger pieces of amber in the middle of the big cross, the tnamsverse arms of which are filled with Irish interlacings. inlaid in the middle.

The object is incomplete. Woman's grave from Literature:

96.

Ab. 1871,

Island, parish

Two round

the later Viiking period.

Fig. 77.

p. 60, no. 4.

and pgd.

of Frosta, N. T. (T. 969).

strap-mountings of

gilt

bronze with four projections shaped

like aniimials' headis-arrainiged cross-wise. In the middle there is a small

round

setting forming the centre of a small cruciform figure filled with riblxwi interlacings, surrounded by a frame with transverse hatching. The round itself measures 5 cms. across; including the animals' heads the object is 7,1 cms.

across.

Man's grave, most probably from the 9tih century. Fig. 78. Literature: Ab. 1872, p. 57, no. 31; illustrated Rygh 63 a.

70

Ornamental M etal-W or k

of Irish

Style

Fig. 78.

Island, Frosta jjarish, N. T.

Ornamental M e al-W or k t

Voll,

Fig. 79.

Ranem

parish,

of Irish

Style

71

Overhalla, N. T.

Ranem, pgd. of Overhalla, N. T. (T. 1184). Bronze terminal mounting of drinking-horn; shaped like a bird's head. The horn, too, is preserved. A raised band behind the head; likewise at the end of the mounting. Present length 6 cms., the extreme point of the beak missing, and the lower jaw broken off close to its root. Mam's grave froim the 10th oemtuiry. Fig. 79. 97.

Voll, parish of

Literature:

Ab. 1873,

p. 42, no.

33

e; illustrated fig. 36.

Alstad, parish of Stjordal, pgd. of Nedre Stjordalen, N. T. (T. 1474). Fragment of bronze mounting, one end of which is complete, but with rectamgular comers broken off short at the other end. Along the edges runs 98.

a border oootaininig geometnioal motives.

Besiidleis this,

the ob}ect has ribbon

and spirals. Womian's grave, most probably from the earlier half of the 9th century. Literature: Ab. 1875, p. 56, no. 1 b.

interlacinigs

99.

Present length 5,7 cms., width 3,2 cms.

Hofstad, parish of Hegra, pgd. of 0vre Stjordalen, N. T. (T. 2588). gilt bronze. In the middle a circular panel with

Cruciform mounting of

a central setting surrouinded by a wide border filled with spiral ornaments. One of the crossnarmis is broken off amd miilsising. The opposite crossnarim has a bearded man's face. Either of the two other arms has a setting in its innermost pant, and outside this setting am extended hand with a bracelet roimd K. Rygh regannds this man's face as meiant to be Chiriist'® and the two hands as extended to bless. The object bears no traces of having ever been used as a brooch. Measure across, with the arms included, 12,3 cms.; diameter of circular plate 6,2 cms. its wrtiBt.

Ornamental M

72

Fig. 80.

Acquired

single.

Literature:

e

t

al

-

Work

of Irish

Style

Hofstad, Hegra parish, Ovre Stjordal, N. T.

Fig. 80.

Ab. 1881,

p. 112, no. 22;

illustrated fig. 22,

and in Bee l-c,

fig. 17.

100. Varoy, parish and pgd. of Ncproy, N. T. (T. 6373). Bronze terminal mounting of drinking-horn. Shaped like an animal's head. The socket-shapeid neck is octagonal on the outside, but becomes circular further in. The inside of the mounting still keeps remains of horn. The jaws are decorated with transverse hatching with a spiral figure at the back. The eyes taper off backwards. Teeth suggested in the jaw. Length of object 9,9 cms.

No

associatioinis.

Literature:

Fig. 81.

Ab. 1901,

p. 364, no. 38; illustrated fig. 2.

Nedre Salthammer, parish and pgd. of Levanger, N. T. (T. 6418). Badly deformed Celtic mounting, conical, with truncated top. It is seen have had pieces of aimiber probaibly six ailtogether inlaiiid ini elliptic 101.

to

—

—

settings.

Woman's

grave, from the earlier half of the 9th century.

Literature:

Ab. 1901,

p. 366, no. 51.

Ornamental Metal-Work

of Irish Style

73

Fig. 81.

Varoy, Naeroy parish, N. T.

102. Melhus, parish of Ranem, pgd. of Overhalla, N. T. (T. 8144). Small wooden reliquary, mounted with bronze, having a lid shaped like a roof with a high roof-tree and sloped gable-emds. On either side of tiie lid there is a circular setting filled up with a tin plate decorated with triskele

ornaments. these are

Two

similar settings on either side of the reliquary

now empty. The

itself,

biit

reliquary was carried in a sling^strap attached

mountings (mi the gables. Only the mounting on one gable is preserved; Besides this, the it hais an inlay of enamel, in part arranged in checkers. reliquary is covered with thin bronze plates having narrow bronze cylinders at the edges. The reliquary is miade of yew. Length 11,5 cms., height (without mountings) 8 cms. Fig. 82 a b.

to

—

T. V. S. S. 1907,

Literature: no. 9, pp.

7—8,

no. 23

f;

no. 8 in Th. Petersen:

see also

A

Celtic

Reliquary found in a Norwegian Burial Mound.

Fig. 82 b.

Melhus,

Ranem

parish,

Overhalla, N. T.

Ornamental M e tal-W or k

74

Fig. 82 a.

103. (T.

Melhus,

Fasteraunet, parish

9591 and 9593). 9591 consists of

tlie

The mouth mounting

of

Ranem

of Irish Style

parish, Overhalla, N. T.

Skatval,

pgd.

of

Nedre Stjordalen, N.

mouth and terminal mountings decorated with a

T.

of a drinking-horn.

having ribbon interlacings on three of the arms, and spirals in the middle portion. In Mr. Boe's opinion these ornaments are of Celtic provenance. The terminal mounting has a baJl^shaped ending.

is

flat cross

Fig. 83.

9593 iis a flat, gilt open-work mounting, with namow, snaikelike' animal ornaments. It has a quadrilateral outline, is divided into four parts, and has a round hole in the middle. In the opinion of Sune Lundquist this object, too, is of Celtic provenance. (See Jan Petersen: Vikingetidens smykker, p. 200). Size of the object 4,8 by 5,3 cms.

Woman's grave from the

9th century, most probably from its earlier half. 7, mos. 5 a and c; illustrated p. 7, 5, pp. 6

Literature: T. V. S. S. 1911, no. fig. 5,

and

in

Bee

1.

c,

fig. 15.

—

Ornamental Metal-Work

of Irish Style

75

As, parish of As, pgd. of Beitstaden, N. T. (T. 12337 d). Oblong mounting of gilt bronze, with a raised narrow crest along the

104.

middle, executed as open-work on a wider, convex underlying part. The crest is seen to have represented two opposed animals' figures with reversed

upper surface ribbon interlacing, Both ends of this piece were fixed also executed in high to a substratmn partly by a idescemding temon at either end. LengUi 8,2 cmis., heads.

The wider underlying

part has on

its

relief like the rest.

greatest width 2,1 cms.

Man's grave, about 900. Literature:

T. V. S. S. 1921, Mo.

1, p.

20, No. 57 c; ilHustrated p. 19, fig. 6.

Hovden, parish of Malnes, pgd. of Bo, Nordl. (B. 563). Convex, cup-shaped mounting of gilt bronze with iron band on the back, scrolls on the front, in tlie middle a setting, now empty. Diameter 4,9 cms. Woman's grave from the later Viking period. 105.

Literature:

Lorange

1.

c, p. 194.

Hov, parish of Donnes, pgd. of 'Nesna, Nordl. (B. 1031). Oblong gilt bronze mounting with arms of equal length, used as a brooch. Small enlargements in the middle and at the ends. A raised knob in the miiddle, cresoent^shaped ooncavitieis on the sides. Size 5,2 by 3,6 cms. Fig. 84. Woman's grave, most probably from the earlier half of the 9th century. Literature: Lorange 1. c, p. 193. 106.

107.

Spilderen, parish and pgd. of Meloij, Nordl. gilt bronze, with two arms.

(B.

4565

c).

Used as a brooch. The and wide, with incurved upper sides, and contain animal

Circular mounting of

two arms are short

ornaments. The circular plate is decorated with scrolls; its diameter 3,2 cms. Womani's grave, mosit probably from the earlier half of the 9th century. Fig. 85.

Literature:

108.

Ab. 1888,

p. 181, no.

40

c;

illustrated fig. 12.

Meloy, parish and pgd. of Meloy, Nordl.

Gilt bronze

mounting formed as a rhomboid

the middle of the front there

is

(B.

5393

plate.

a short cylinder with a

a).

Used as a brooch. In piece of amber inlaid

—

small on the top. This cylinder is surrounded by 8 animals, four of which and dog^haped figures keep their hind parts towards the cylinder, their heads a little raised. Between these small animals there are four larger onesi, these too with raised heads, further with shell-like engraved ornaments on their bodies, and with inlays of very small portions of vitreous paste for

—

76

Ornamental Metal-Work Fig. 83.

Fasteraunet, Skatval parish, Sljordal. N. T.

of Irish Style

^^i

Ornamental Metal-Work

of Irish

Style

77

Fig. &4.

Hov, Donnes parish, Nesna, Nordl.

Brennvik, parish and pgd. of Hamaroy, l^ordl. (Ts. 1369). and gilt bronze mounting shaped like a truncated pyramid, now setting, is a there the top side. On on one with a rectanio^lar projection empty. The flat areas are filled with ribbon interlacing. The square portion the itself measures 4,5 cms. across. Length of the whole object (including (Cp. B. 6613 a from Arsheim, Selje, S. og Fj.). projection) 5,2 cms. 111.

Quadrilateral

—

Woimian's igrave from the lOth century. Literature: Ab. 1901,

Unknown

p. 101, no. 4

FLg. 88.

c.

Western Norway. (B. 5561 c). Oblong gilt bronze mounting, wseA as a brooch. A setting, now empty, in the middle. The ornamentation consists of ribbon-interlacing. Present length of object 6 cm., but it is somewhat damaged. Woman's grave, most probably from the earlier half of the 9th osntury. Literature: Bergens Museums Arbok 1904, no. 6, p. 38, no. 154 c. 112.

locality in

Unknown locality in Norway. (Nationalmuseet, Kjobenihaivn, no. 624). Ornamental mounting of gilt bronze having three narrow and three wide side-faces, all of them sloping back towards the top, which is truncated. In the middle of the top there is a circular panel containing spiral ornaments. This panel is surrounded by three crescent-shaped sunk panels. The six side-faoes are decoratied with interlaced ribbons, spirate and animal orna113.

ments. Size 6,8 by 7,8 cms.

No

come from Norway.

report of discovery. Alleged to have

Literature:

Norske Oldsager 24 a— b; also Rygh 635.

Undset:

stra/ted p. 30, figs.

i

Fremmede Museer,

p.

31;

illu-

78

Ornamental M e tal-W or k

of Irish

Style

Fig. 83. I

Spilderen, Meloy parish, Nordl.

1

I

Fig. 86.

Meloy, Meloy parieh, Nordl.

Fig. 88.

Brennvik,

Fig. 87.

Luroya,

Luroy parish. Nordl.

Hamaroy

parish, Nordl.

Ornamental Metal-Work

Fig. 89.

114. Unknoton^ locality in

Norway, no

of Irish Style

79

locality.

Norway. (Nationalimiseet,

Kjobein'liavn, no. 9084).

buit with diecorated Small wooden consists of ribbon interbronze mountings on sides and lid; the omaimentation lacimgs. This reiliquary, toio, has three round settings on one side, with cmamenits; but on the other side there are portions containing enamel and square panels with settings for amber, glass, or stones. The comers have here apparently had flat edge mountings, not cylinders. The carrying-arrangement, too, is different, the x roof-tree « of the lid being provided with a carrying-rod decorated with spiral ornaments. The bottom is inscribed with runes of the type peculiar to Jseren (Norway) and the Isle of Man. According to information given to Th. Petersen by Professor Magnus Olsen, the inscription cannot

reliquary

well be earlier than 950.

No sager,

fig.

Undset

524, p. 139.

in

type to no. 102,

Length of reliquary 14 cms., height 10,2 cms.

rep.ort of discovery.

Literature:

sdimiiliair

Fig. 89.

I.e., p. 63, figs.

47a

—

b,

and Worsaae: Nordiske Old

II.

Bronze Bowls and Bronze-covered

Wooden

6

— Viking

Antiquities V,

Buckets,

BRONZE BOWI.S AND BRONZE-COVERED

WOODEN BUCKETS. Nordre Ostbye, parish of Os, pgd. of Rakkeslad, 0stf. (C. 802). Fragments of bronze cauldron with handle of iron. Shape and size of cauldron not to be accurately deternnined; but the kind of metal it is made of, makes it probable that it is of British provenance. Man's grave. No exact dating possible. 1.

Literature:

N. F., p. 6.

Haugen, parish and pgd. of Rolvsoy, 0stf. (C. 4195 and 4197). Fragments of bronze cauldron with attached escutcheon. The escutcheon is trilateral with a rivet in each corner. Man's grave from about 900. Literature: Ab. 1867, p. 60, no. 82 g; see A. W. Brogger: Rolvsoyaetten. Bergens Museums Arbok 1920—21 no. 1, p. 24, fig. 13, and Undset: Aarboger 2.

1889, p. 301, no. 15.

Holstad, parish and pgd. of As, Akh. (C. 957). Fragments of bronze cauldron with three trilateral escutcheons with round enlargements in the upper comers, and a trilateral enlargement at the point. The upper edge of the cauldron is bent out and round, so as to form a hollow into which an iron rod was once inserted to strengthen the upper edge. Diameter of cauldron about 40 cms. at top; the bottom which is hammered in from below, measures 14,5 cms. across. Otherwise the cauldron is bowl-shaped. Man's grave, probably from the 9th century. Literature: N. F., p. 40; and Undset 1. c, p. 300, no. 13. 3.

Skisjordet, parish of 'Nordby, pgd. of As, Akh. (C. 1023). Fragments of bronze cauldron with three quadrilateral handle mountings, and iron band at the upper edge (cp. no. 3). The mountings are wide and long, with rounded angles and rounded enlargements at both the sides of the upper portion, which is wider than the corresponding portions of the 4.

84

Bronze Bowls and bronze-covered Wooden Buckets

Fig. 90.

Skisjordet,

Fig. 91.

Blyetad,

Nordby parish, As, Akh.

Vang

parieh, Hed.

Bronze Bowls and bronze-covered Wooden Buckets precedinig specimeinis. oaulidron about 29 oms.

SaM

to

85

Big convex rivet-heads are preserved. Diameter of The base, mieasuriog 12,5 cms., is haimmiered in.

be found with two earthen umis (fig. 90). N. F., pp. 40—41; and Undset I.e., pp. 300—301, no.

Literature:

14.

Blystad, parish and pgd. of Vang, Hed. (C. 5283). Small bowl of tinned bronze, about 12,5 cms. across at top, with a bent-out upper edge. Below this edge there are two delicately engraved parallel lines with a zig-zag line between them. On the Imstide of the base a star ornament. 5.

The bronze bowl handed in with men's furniture that most likely must date from the 9th century, and with women's do. probably from the 10th century

(fig. 91).

Literature: 6.

Ab. 1870,

p. 78, no. 71.

Flakstad, parish and pgd. of Vang, Hed.

(C.

21671 e

—

f).

e) Bronze ladle, with a handle, 12 cms. long, terminating in an enlarged

The body of the ladle is round, bowl-shaped, measuTdng 11,9 omis. across (fig. 92 a b). f) Bronze bowl of ordinary bowl-shape. Diameter of mouth 14 16 cm. Upper edge slightly bent outward (fig. 92 c). These two objects are from a woman's grave dating from the 10th century.

plate with a bent-round hook.

—

Literature: 7.

Oldtiden VI,

p.

—

242, no. 179.

Sondre Farmen, parish of Kvelde, pgd. of Hedrum, Vestf. (C. 13600). bronze. Seen to have been

Wooden bucket with mountings of tinned 19 cms. high. The bronze moimts, from 27 to 29

cms. wide, are decorated with animal and geometrical motives. The handle mountings are cruciform with line oirmamentation. Man's grave, probably from the 9th century (fig. 93). Literature: Ab. 1887, p. 30, no. 14 g; illustrated fig. 14 a.

Kamfjord, parish and pgd. of Sandeherad, Vestf. (C. 18641). of handled bronze ladle; defective, the bowl of the ladle being almiost entirely lost, and the handle being incomplete. The handle is short, but wide, with a projecting rim on either side. It is seen to have terminated in a round expansion. Zig-zag lines engraved along the edges of the handle. 8.

Fragments

Man's grave from the 10th century. Literature: Ab. 1897, pp. 49 50, no. 12

—

a.

Bergan, parish and pgd. of Hedrum, Vestf. (C. 20133). of handled bronze ladle, very defective. The bowl n:eajures about 17 cms. across, length of handle 21 cms. 9.

Fragments

Woman's grave from

the Viking period. Cannot be dated

Literature: Ab. 1902, p. 336, no. 133 y.

more

accurately.

86

Bronze Bowls and bronze-covered Wooden Buckets

*5i*SftK*&<;«^^*

Fig. 92 a.

Flakstad,

Vang

parish,

Hed.

Fig. 92 b.

Flakstad,

Vang

parish,

Hed.

Bronze Bowls and bronze-covered Wooden Buckets

Fig. 92

10.

c.

Plaketad,

Oseberg,

Osebergfunnet:

Vang

parish

parish,

of

87

Hed.

Slagen,

pgd.

of

Sem,

Vestf.

(Universitetets Oldsaksamling)

Wooden

bucket, of yeiv, with bronze mountings consisting of three parallel equidistant bronze hoops encircling the pail. At top there is an edge-fillet

The hamdle-mountings represent two complete human figures with bent-up legs, either figure with an enamelled plate on the chest and a beardless face. The bucket is 36 cms. high, its diameter at top 26,5 cms.,

bent round the edge.

at boittom

32 cms.

(fig.

94)

Woman's grave from

the 9th century.

—

—

Osebergfunnet B II, pp. 72 76; illustrated figs. 31 33, and Gustafson: Notice on a Decorated Bucket from the Osebergfind in the Sagabook of the Viking-Club 1908, p. 5. Literature:

11.

Osebergfunnet.

Oseberg,

parisi)

of

Slagen,

pgd.

of

Sem,

Vestf.

(Universitetets Oldsaksamling).

Wooden bucket of yew, with rich brass mountings, probably likewise from Westemi Europe. The pail has iron hoops and open-work mountings of sheefbrass. There are four solid carrying-rings of iron. Diameter at top 39,5 and 42 cms. Height 44,8 cms. Belongs to the same find as the preceding specimen. Literature:

Osebergfunnet B.

II, p. 70, fig.

30.

Bronze Bowls and bronze-covered Wooden Buckets

Fig. 93.

Farmen, Kvelde parish, Hedruin,

Vestf.

Bronze Bowls and bronze-covered Wooden Buckets

Fiij.

94.

Oseberg, Slagen parish,

Seiii.

Veetf.

89

Bronze Boicls and bronze-covered Wooden Buckets

90

Fig. 9o.

Skomrak,

A

parish, Lyngdal, Vest-Agder.

12. Gjemso skole, by Skien, Tel. (C. 23267 q). Bowl-shaped bronze vessel; fragmentary. It has two incurvations below the upper edge. The size of the vessel cannot be determined, but it cannot have been big. Probably from the 10th century, but the sex of tlie buried owner cannot be ascertained. Acquired in 1923; umpublished.

Vindalen, parish and pgd. of Solem, Tel. (Fylkesmuseet, Skien, leST). Bowl-shaped bronze basin of tin-coated bronze, with turned-out upper edge. Outer diameter 10,.5 cms. Acquired single. 13.

Skomrak, parish of A, pgd. of Lyngdal, Vest-Agder. (C. .5784). Bronze cauldron of tin-coated bronze with an incurvation below the upper edge and three escutscheons, each of them containing three rivets and a narrow arclied eye. The edge is strengthened with an iron rod. A rosetteshaped ornament is engraved on the base. Diameter 47 cms. Woman's grave from tlie Viking period; cannot be dated more accurately. 14.

(Fig.

9.5).

Literature:

Ab. 1871, pp. 141—42, no.

XXXIX;

also Undset in

Arboger 1889, pp. 293—94,

no.

1.

illustrated

Rygh 726, see

Bronze Bowls and bronze-covered Wooden Buckets

91

Fig. 96.

Loland, Vigmostad parish,

Nord-Audnedal, Vest-Agder.

15.

Leland, parish of

Vigmostad, pgd.

of

Nord-Audnedal, Vesf-Agder.

(C. 19364).

Fragments of bronze cauldron with three escutcheons. The latter are shaped like two human heads turning their chins towards each other, against a quadrilateral enamel plate projectinig a little from the side of the cauldron. The enamel plates haive yellow and red enamel arranged in a pattern that seems to be derived from the swastioa. The upper edge is bent round as if to hold an iron rod for attaching the handle. The human faces are beardless, mask-shaped, flat on top. The size of the cauldron cannot now be determined, but it must have been considerable. Found with antiquities from the migration tiraies as well as from the later Viking period. Among the latter there are some objects belonging to n:en, and some belonging to women (fig. 96). Literature: Ab. 1898, Sigurd Grieg: Oseberg B

16.

p. 105, II,

pp.

no. 170

77—78;

c;

illuslrated figs. 13 a

—

b; see also

illustrated fig. 38.

Orre, parish of Orre, pgd. of Klepp, Hog. (B. 2564). with bronze mountings and handle. The mountings consist

Wooden bucket

of smooth thin bronze plates and two trilateral narrow bird-shaped handle-

mountings, either of them containing three rivets with big rounded heads.

The handle-mountings are decorated with narrow frame borders with transverse hatching. A strip of bronze is bent round the upper edge too. The

Bronze Bowls and hronze-covered Wooden Buckets

92

Fig. 97.

Orre, Klepp parish, Rog.

handle has an enlargemeint in the middle containing bent-up fillets at the edges. Height of pail about 16 cmis., which is also the measure across the mouth. Woman's grave fnomi the &th century (fig. 97). Literature: Lorange 1. c, pp. 63 64.

—

Gausel, parish and pgd. of Hetland, Rog. (B. 4233 n.). of bronze cauldron, with only one escutcheon preserved. This miounting has the shape of a lion in oouchant position, with reversed head 17.

Remains

and

its mouth open. Length of lion 4,7 cms. The cauldron itself is seen to have measured 33 cms. across the miouth. The upper rim is seen to have been bent round so as to hold an ironrod for the purpoise of strengthening it. Below the belly of the lion there is a square hole through which the handle was once inserted.

Bronze Boicls and bronze-covered Wooden Buckets

Fig. 98.

93

Gausel, Hetland parish, Rog.

Womian's grave from about 850 (fig. 98). Literature: Ab. 1883, pp. 75 76, no. 54 n; se Aarboger 1889, pp. 294—95, no. 3, fig. 1.

—

iilustratiiotti fig. 17.

Undsel:

Hafso, rural parish of Egersund, Rog. (B. 4490 f). Fragment of bronze strip of tin-coated bronze, for a bronze cauldron, or 18.

part of a mounting on a

wooden bucket.

Woman's grave from the 9th century. Literature: Bergens Museums Arbok 1887, 19.

p. 115, no.

49

f.

Bo, parish of Ogna, pgd. of Egersund, Rog. (B. .54.59 a). of cauldron of tin-coated bronze with bird-shaped escutcheons,

Fragments

with delicately engraved line ornaments, figures, in the middle.

The cauldron has

viz.

a narrow ribbon with croes

a turned-round upper edge, and an

incurvation below this edge.

Cannot be accurately dated, except that it is from the Viking period. Nor can the sex of its owner be stated with certainty (fig. 99). Literature: Bergens Museums Arbok 1904 no. 6, p. 10, no. 53. 20.

Austvoll, parish and pgd. of Hoyland, Rog.

(C. 8571).

Circular escutcheon for bronze cauldron (the cauldron itself disintegra*

The hoop

is

narrow, shaped like a bird's head, with a long curved neck.

plate of the mounting consists of a ring filled with an

enamel plate

adv/i

-i* '

•"

3d

Bronze Bowls and bronze-covered Wooden Buckets

94

with three spiral figures whose conivex sides face each other; these figures are seen to have been filled with yellow enamel. The escutcheon, including the ring,

Found

measures 4,5 cms. across. with an axehead from

weaver's reed Literature:

boger 1889,

21.

the

earlier

Viking

100). N. F., p. 7; Lorange, Ab. 1884, pp. 90

(fig.

—

91;

period,

and

a

and Undset: Ar-

p. 294.

Hoyland, Rog.

(St.

1765).

Fragment of bronze cauldron with bird-shaped escutcheon containing convex rivet-heads. Only a small fragment is preserved. Acquired

single.

Literature: Ab. 1891, p. 121, no. 25.

22.

Reveim, parish

Handle

of

Malde, pgd. of Hdland, Rog. (St. 1793). A roimd flat enlargement at the end

of tin-coated bronze ladle.

of the handle.

Acquired

Length 12 cms.

single.

Literature:

Ab. 1889,

p. 96, no. 26.

Marvig, parish and pgd. of Jelsa, Rog. (St. 2271). Portion of bird-shaped bronze escutcheon for bronze catildron. simall fragment is preserved, but sufficiently distinct. 23.

Probably from a womian's grave, but mo more accurate dating Literature: Stavamiger Muiseums Arshefte 1900, p. 79, no. 26 b.

24.

Kirkhus, parish of Ardal, pgd. of Hielmeland, Rog.

(St.

is

2584

Only

a

possible.

1).

Fragments of cauldron of tin-coated bronze. The cauldron can be seen to have measured 27 cms. across the mouth. But the rest is very fragmentary. Man's grave from the 10th century. Literature:

25.

Staivamiger

Museums Arshefte

1903, p. 91, no. 76

1.

Kingestad, parish of Hesby, pgd. of Finnoy, Rog. (St. 4009 a). of tin-coated bronze cauldron. Only small fragments are pre-

Fragments served.

Woman's grave from

the

Viking period; no more accurate dating

possible.

Literature:

Oldtiden VIII,

p. 158, no.

105

a.

is

Bronze Bowls and bronze-covered Wooden Buckets

95

Fig. 99.

Bo,

Ogna

parish,

Egereund, R02.

Fig. 100.

AuetvoU, Hoyland parish, Rogaland.

Fig. 101.

Hoiiiniers&k, Riska parish,

Helland, Rog.

Bronze Bowls and bronze-covered Wooden Buckets

96

Hommersdk, parish of Riska, pgd. of Hetland, Rog. (St. 4228 i). Bronze escutcheon of the same kind as that of the bronze cauldron from Leland in Vigmostad (no. 15), except that here the plate has no enamel inlay, only a quite simple engraved ornament of oblique lines. Length 7 cms. From a man's grave from the IGth century (fig. 101). Literature: Stavanger Museums Arshefte 1921 24, no. V, pp. 8 9, 26.

—

—

no. 16; illustrated p. 9,

fig. 3.

—

Fana kirke, parish and pgd. of Fana, Hard. (B. 322 323). Bronze cauldron and small bronze bowl. The cauldron measures about 3S cms. across, has three bird^shaped triangular eiscutcheons, decorated with narrow borders of oblique grooves with a narrow raised beaded frame. A bronze ring, to which the hoop-handle must have been fastened, is inserted into tlie curved neck. The upper edge of the cauldron is turned out, with an incurvation below. This inciu-viation miay possibly have held an iron band (fig. 102 a ^b). The bronze bowl has no escutcheons. Like the cauldron it has an incurvation below the turned-out upper edge, and is seen to have been of the same shape as the big cauldron. It measures 21 cms. across the mouth. These two pieces are from a woman's grave, of the Viking period, but 27.

—

-

—

no accurate dating

is

possible.

Lorange 1. c, p. 168; see alsio Lorange, Ab. 1884, p. 90; and Undset, Arboger 1889, pp. 295 96 and fig. 2; see also H. Shetelig: Vestlandske Graver fra Jernalderen, p. 183, note 1. Literature:

—

—

Bryn, parish of Vangen, pgd. of Voss, Hord. (B. 3987 a b). Bronze saucepan and iron handle. The bowl has a turned-out upper edge. The top portion of the sides, 4 cms. wide, is decorated with incised ribbons of varying height. In the middle of the sides there is a grooved concavity. Below the upper edge there was evidently once an iron band, which at one end passed into a mounting extended downwards to the bottom of the l50\\l, probably serving to fix Uie iron handle b. Diamieter of bowl at top 31,5 cms. Length of handle 44 cmis. (fig. 103). Double burial from the 9th century. Literature: Ab. 1882, p. 95, no. 1. 28.

29.

Utne, parish of Kinsarvik, pgd. of Ullensvang, Hord.

(B. 4266).

Fragment of bronze cauldron with circular enamelled escutcheon, from which extends a narrow curved loop teTminating in an animal's head biting the edge of the cauldron. The loop encloses a thick smooth bronze ring, to which the suspending chain wals evidently fastened. The mount is framed by a wide grooved ring surrounding a slightly convex bronze disk adorned with

Bronze Bowls and bronze-covered Wooden Buckets

Fig. 102 a.

At the church

Fig. 102 b.

At the church of Fana parish, Hord. 7

—

Viking Antiquities V.

oi

Fana parish, Hord.

97

Bronze Bowls and hronze-covered Wooden Buckets

98

Fig. 103.

Bryn, Voee parish, Hord.

enamel inlaid in eingi^aved hollows. The enamel seemis originally to have been yellow. In the middle there is a rhombic figure with incurved sides, and outside this four stemis issuing from the outer edge and with their points turned inwards. The mounting measures 3,7 cms. across. A portion of a similar mounting is also preserved. The size of the cauldron itself cannot be determined. Impcssible to determiinie either the date of the find or the sex of the owner (fig. 104).

Literature:

Ab. 1884,

p.

90,

no.

27;

see

aliso

Undset:

^rboger 1889,

p. 296, no. 5.

30.

Stamnes, parish of Stamnes, pgd. of Bruvik, Hord. (B. 4830).

Fragments of bronze bowl. Upper edge turned round an iron rod. The bowl is seen to have been repaired. Man's grave, probably from the end of the 10th century. Literature: Ab. 1891, p. 143, no. 91 x.

—

Trd, parish of Granvin, pgd. of Ulvik, Hord. (B. 6657 t u). Fragments of cauldron and saucepan, both of bronze. The cauldron has 31.

three circular mountings shaped like circular plates, each with a rosette(fig. 105), a forked enlargement ai bottom, and the usual curved loop with ring at top. The saucepan has a short handlte bearing a runic inscriptioin. Its bowl measures about 19 cmis. across.

shapeil OiTnament

Bronze Bowls and bronze-covered Wooden Buckets

Fig. 104.

Utne, Kinsarvik parish,

Fig.

99

Tra, Granvin parish,

105.

Ullensvang, Hord.

Ulvdli,

Hord.

Womian's grave from the later Viking period. Literature: Oldtiden III; Bergens Museums Tilvekst 1912 no. nos. 68 t u.

13, no. 46,

—

32. Byrke, parish of

Vangen, pgd. of Voss, Hord. (Nordiska Museet, Stock-

holm, no. 15460).

Fragments of bronze cauldron with edge turned outward and below it a couple of punched out narrow fillets. The cauldron seems to have measured about 20 cms. across the mouth. Double burial from the later Viking period. Literature: Undset: Norske jordfundne oldsager Nordiiska Museet, Stocki

holm,

p. 20; illustrated pi.

1, fig. 14.

Hopperstad kirke, parish and pgd. of Vik, S. og Fi. (.B 328). Fragments of bronze cauldron with edge turned outward holding an iron rod; one escutcheon preserved, bird-shaped. The cauldron must have been 38.

of considerable size

(fig.

106).

Acquired single. Literature: Lorange 1. c, pp. 179 80; see also Lorange, Ab. 1884, amd Undset, Aarboger 1889, p. 297, no. 7.

—

p.

90

Bronze Bowls and bronze-covered Wooden Buckets

100

Fit;.

34.

108.

Hoppenstad, Vik parish,

S.

Vangen, parish of Vangen, pgd. of Aurland,

ag

S.

Fj.

og Fj.

(B. 670).

Small bronze bowl; outside measure across the mouth 10,5 cms Edge turned outwaird, with a perpendicular portion below it, partly decorated with a simple zig-zag ribbon. Below this there is a raised smooth fillet with bulginigs of the sides beneath it. Woman's grawe, poisisiibly fnomi the eiarlier half of the lOith century (fig. 107). Literature:

35.

Lorange

1.

c, p. 168; illutstrated Rygh 725.

Vangsnes, parish of Vangsnes, pgd. of Balestrand,

S.

og Fj. (B. 690).

Fragments of bronze cauldron with upper edge turned outward. Shape and size canmot be accurately ascertained. Man's grave from the 10th century. Literature: Lorange 1. c, s. 177. Undset: Aarbogier 1889, p. 299, no. 10.

36.

Myklebostad, parish and pgd. of Bid,

S.

og Fj.

(C. 2978).

Flat-bottomed bronze cauldron with upper edge turned outward and three mountings for suspension. These are shaped as bearded men's figures each of which has its body covered with a rectamgular enamel plate, divided into nine squares; the pattern consists of figures of angles amd stars. The colours on one plate are blue, white, and yellow, on the two others also red. The base of the vessel is inlaid with enamel of the sanne colours on its upper and its lower sides. The cauldron measures about 26 cms. across the mouth.

—

Bronze Bowls and bronze-covered Wooden Buckets

101

Fig. 107.

Vangen, Vangeu parish, Aurland, S.

og

Fj.

Man's gnave, appareintly friom the earlier half of the 9ih century 108 a^b).

(fig.

—

Lorange I.e., pp. 159 60; illustrated Ab. 1874, pi. VIII, and Rygh 727; Undset: Aarbsger 1889, p. 296—7, mo. 6, iillu-inaled pi. IV, figs. 1 a b and pi. V, fig. 1; see also Sigurd Grieg: Osebergfundet II, p. 78 and figs. 38—39. Literature:

—

37.

Kvale, parish of Stedje, pgd. of Sogndal, S. og Fj. (B. 3456). of bowl of tin-coated bronze. Upper edge bent outwards, base

Fragments comparatively

flat.

Measures 33,3 cms. across the

top, 29,5 cms. across the

bottom.

Woman's grave from Literature:

Ab. 1880,

the 10th century. p. 242, no.

30

g.

—

Hopperstad, parish and pgd. of Vik, S. og Fj. (B. 4511 a e). a) Bronze cauldron with three bird-shaped escutcheons. The cauldron is of considerable size, measuring 37,5 cms. across at the top. Upper edge turned 38.

outward, with a pronounced bulge of the cauldron below. The mountings are well executed with big rivets shaped like truncated cones; a hatched ribbon at the beginmiings of the necks.

eyes indicated.

The heads are worked out

elaborately, with

102

Bronze Bowls and bronze-covered Wooden Buckets 'M

Fig. 108 a. S.

og

Fig.

Myklebostad, Eid parish,

Fj.

108

b.

Myklebostad, Eid parish, S. os; Fj.

Bronze Bowls and bronze-covered Wooaen Buckets

Fig. 109.

Hopperstad, Vik parish,

S.

og

103

Fj.

b) Fragments of bronze cauldron. In this cauldron the middle portion of is seen to have been hammered out so as to form a low foot.

the flat bottom

spread tails. The specimen. On preceding heads are not so nicely elaborated as those of the the other hand, each of these mounting plates has an egg-shaped enamel plate in the midldle with colours yellow, green aiid red and a central panel

The escutcheons,

in this case too, are

—

with simiaM white (fig.

c)

stiaris

shaped

like birds with

—

on a blue ground. The escutcheoin

,

is

10,5 cms. long in all

109).

Fragments

of bronze bowl, cp.

Rygh 725. The edge

turned outward; fillets. Inner diameter is

below it there are hammered of bowls seen to have been 10,8 cms. d) Fragments of bronze saucepan. Of its bowl only fragments of the edge are left; but the handle is preserved, measuring as much as 25 cms. in length, out two horizontal comvex

Bronze Bowls and bronze-covered Wooden Buckets

104

Fig. 110.

wideisit at

Gloppaetad, Vereide parish, Gloppen,

S.

03

Fj.

the root and terminiating in a disik-shaped enlargement.

On

its

upper

side there are, along the raised edges, engraved ornaments, consisting of

narrow ribbons with transverse

Wooden bucket

striations.

The handle mountings are ornamented with deeply engraved dotted circles. They are fixed the bucket by means of four rivets with hemispherical heads. The mountings e)

with bronze mountings.

trilateral,

to

going right down to the bottom of the pail. is besides mounted with thin bronze plates, richly decorated with borders of delicately engraved ornaments probably

pass into semi-cylindrical

The surface of

fillets

the pail itself

Inner diamieter of mouth 18 cmis., that of the bottom only 10,5 cms. Height of pail 18,3 cms. These objects, a e, are from a woman's grave from the 10th century. Literature: Ab. 1887, p. 119—21, niois. 70 a— e. Se&Undset: Aarbaiger 1889, pp. 297—99, nos. 8—9; illustrated p. 298, figs. 3 and plate V, fig. 3.

of a zoomiorphic character.

—

Gloppestad, parish of Vereide, pgd. of Gloppen, S. og Fj. (B. 4844 i). Bronze cauldron with almost straight sides and the bottom only slightly curved. At top a narrow edge turned outward, with an iron band below. On the outside of the upper half there are extremigly faint engraved ornaments, consisting of a row of triangles pointing downwards. Outer diameter about 27 cms., height 9,5 cms. (fig. 110). Found in a man's grave from the 10th century. (Cp. B. 3456 from KvSle 39.

in Sogndal).

Literature: 40.

Ab. 1892,

p. 108, no. 1

i.

Hilde, parish and pgd. of Innviken, S. og Fj.

Fragments

of bronze cauldron, with

(B. 5766 a). conoave bottom through the centre of

Bronze Bowls and bronze-covered Wooden Buckets

Fig.

which goes a that,

it

smiall

Mykleboslad, Eid parish,

111.

bronze

rivet.

S.

og

105

Fj.

The bottom measures 14 cms.

across.

Beyond

is impoissible to determine the size accurately.

Woman's grave from Literature:

the 10th century.

Bergens Museums Arbok 1903,

p. 28, no.

46

a.

Myklebostad, parish and pgd. of Eid, S. og Fj. (B. 5807 xx). Comparatively small bronze cauldron of the type Rygh 726. Bowl-shaped without the convex base usually seen in other specimens. Below the edge 41.

there

No

is

a narrowing of

tlie

cauldron, with a

flat

horizontal border above

if.

iron band: below the border; neither handleis mor ears (fig. 111).

Woman's grave from Literature:

and 1905 no.

the 9lh century.

Bergens Museums Arbok 1903, no.

14, pp.

25

—26,

nos. 25

xx

7, p. 34, fig. 31.

Unknown locality in the coynty of More. (B. 327). Bronze cauldron, bowl-shaped, with three bird-shaped escutcheons, the birds biting the upper edge of the cauldron. They are attached to the cauldron by means of two rivets with big hemi-spherical heads. The base has been ccinivex. Diameter 27 cms. (fig. 112). Acquired single. Literature: Lorange: Nonske Oldsaiger Bergens Mui^eum, p. 180; see also Lorange, Ab. 1884, p. 90, ^and Undset: AairbGger 1889, pp. 299—300, no. 11; 42.

i

illustrated p. 298, fig. 4.

Bronze Bowls and bronze-covered Wooden Buckets

106

Fig. 112.

43.

More, no

Jocaliity.

Ljinge, parish of Hareid, pgd. of Ulstein, More.

Handle with a end of the handle measuring 14 cms.

smiall portion of bowl, of is

broken

in length.

Woman's grave from Literature:

Ab. 1878,

off; the

—

(B.

3255

bronze saucepan.

preserved remainder

is

b).

The extreme wide and flat,

the Gth century. p. 327, no. 5.

—

Mo, parish and pgd. of Orsta, More. (B. 6360 c e). Small round bronze basin with slightly rounded bottom and straight, sloping sides. Diameter 9,5 cms. d) Bronze saucepan with short handle having a ring-shaped enlargement 44. c)

at the end. Its bowl has the edge turned outward horizontally, narrows down below the edge, and has a rounded bottom. Diameter across the mouth 15 cm., length of handle 18 cm. e) Fragments of bronze cauldron similar to Rygh 726, with a thick iron rod below the edge, and three bird-shaped escutcheons. This specimen must have been of the larger kind, but its exact size cannot be ascertained. Woman's grave from the Viking period. Cannot safely be dated more

accurately.

Literature:

see illustration

Bergens Museums Arbok 1910 no. figs.

16

— 17.

11, pp. 27-

—28,

nos. 4 c

—

e;

Midtre Flo, parish and pgd. of Ulstein, More. (B. 7290 1). Bronze cauldron of the type Rygh 726. Had originally three disc mounts with loops for suspeaision, of which, however, only two are preserved. The edge is turned outward, but at a distance of 2 cm. below it there are 2 45.

Bronze Bowls and hronze-covered Wooden Buckets raised

folds encircling

the cauldron.

The diameter

of

the

107

cauldron was

about 30 cms.

Man's grave from the 10th century. Literature: Bergens Museums Arbok 1921 strated fig.

—22, no.

2, p. 37,

no. 81

1,

illu-

6.

Een, parish of Hen, pgd. of Grytten, More. (T. 4351). Fragments of bronze cauldron. The upper edge turned outward; a little below it there is a raised fold, and a little below that two similar folds. Somewhat difficult to determine the size of the cauldron. Woman's grave, most likely from the earlier half of the 9th century. Literature: Ab. 1892, p. 95, no. 8. 46.

Flatvad? parish and pgd. of Sunndal, More. (T. 4782). Fragmentary bronze cauldron, much diamiaged. About 18 cms wide and 5 cms hiigh. Found single. 47.

Literature: Ab. 1895, p. 47, no. 16.

4621—4624). 4621. Bronze cauldron. The bowl itself has the ordinary bowl shape, with its upper edge bent outwajrd, and a narrowing below it. Diameter 12 cms. The handle is 26 cms. long, and has a circular enlargement, with a small hemispherical boss in the centre. A raised rim along the edges of the handle. The edge is decorated with engraved parallel lines. Similar ornamentation on the outwand edge of the bowl too (fig. 113 a b). 4622. Bronze saucepan of the larger kind. Of its bowl only about one half is preserved. Inner diameter originally about 20 cms. Tlie bottom of this specimen fairly flat. The hamdle, which is preserved (detached from the bowl) is of thicker metal, 15 cms. long. It terminates in a round wide plate. 4623. Fragments of bronze cauldron seen to have been of considerable size. 4624. Two handle mountings of bronze, for a wooden bucket (cp. the Hopperstad pail, no. 38 e; the mountings of these two finds are very much alike). 48.

Steinvik, parish of Nes, pgd. of Bjugn, S. T.

(T.

—

—

(Fig. 113 c).

These objects are from a man's grave, which can only be dated as belonging Viking period. Literature: Ab. 1894, pp. 138—40, no. 9; illustrated figs. 10—12.

to the

Halsan, parish and pgd. of Levavger, N. T. (T. 497). pail mounted with thin smooth broad bronze bands. Cruciform handle-mountings. Height of pail about 12 cms., diameter at top about 12 cmis. 49.

Wooden

Woman's grave from

the Viking period; cannot be

(Fig. 114).

Literature:

Ab. 1869,

p. 36, no.

XCIV.

more accurately dated.

Bronze Bowls and bronze-covered Wooden Buckets

108

Fig. 113 a.

Steinvik, Nes parish, Bjugn, S. T.

Fig. IVib.

Steinvik, Nes parish, Bjugn, S. T.

Nedre Egge, parish of Egge, pgd. of Steinkjcer, N. T. (T. 1342). Remains of bronze cauldron with pieces of edge-hoop of iron. Woman's grave from the Viking period; cannot be dated more accurately.

50.

Literature:

Ab. 1874,

p. 51, on.

44

e.

Scpter of Alstahaug, parish of Alstahaug, pgd. of Skogn, N. T. 12745 b). Bronze bowl, an approach to the type Rygh 725. Edge turned outward, decorated with a smooth ribbon between two lines of oblique striations. In the bottom there is a small irotni rivet once serving to attach to the under side a round m'Ounting(?), 3,5 cms. wide, or may-be a foot. The bowl is 12,7 cms. 51.

(T.

across the top,

and

7,5 cms. high.

Man's grave, probably from the 10th century (fig. 115). Literature: T. V. S. S. 1923, no. 2, p. 32, no. 116 b; illustrated

fig. 12.

Bronze Bowls and bronze-covered Wooden Buckets Fig. 113 S'.einvik,

109

c.

Nes parish, Bjugn,

S. T.

Steigen, parish amd pgd. of Steigen, Nordl. (Ts. 1214). Small bronze bowl with edge turned outward and under it an ornamental line. Patched on one side below the upper edge, and lil
cms., height 5,5 cms.

Handed

in alone.

Literature:

Ab. 1897, pp. 6—7, no. 7

a.

Prestegdrden, parish and pgd. of Bjarkoy, Troms. (Ts. 938). Fragments of bronze cauldron(?) of tinny bronze. Only fragments. Man's grave from the 10th century.

53.

Literature: 54.

Ab. 1890,

Unknown

locality.

p. 137, no.

18

e.

(B. 5491).

Fragments of bronze cauldron with edge turned outward, somewhat concave bottom, bowl-shaped.

md

with a

110

Bronze Bowls and bronze-covered Wooden Buckets

^W^c2-,j.-Ai^

Fig. 114.

Halsan, Frol parieh, Levanger, N. T.

Bronze Bowls and bronze-covered Wooden Buckets

Fig. llo.

The date

Saeter, Atetahaug,

Skogn

111

parish, N. T.

of the burial cannot be fully ascertained, nor the sex of the

original owner.

Literature:

55.

Bergens Museums Arbok 1904 no.

Unknown

locality.

6, p.

17, on.

85

d.

(B. 5624).

Bronze saucepan. The edge of the bowl is turned outward. It measures 13 omis. acrioisis. Thie handle is flat and terrairuatets in a oirculiar disc. It meiaisuras 18,5 cms. in lenigth, amd is of the short and wide type (fig. 116).

No

associations.

Literature:

Bergens Museums Arbok 1904,

no. 6, pp.

52

—

53, no. 218.

112

Bronze Bowls and bronze-covered Wooden Buckets

^0^;

Fig.

116.

District of

No

locality.

Bergen.

III.

Weapons from Western Europe, found in Norway

8

—

Viking Antiquitirs

S

WEAPONS FROM WESTERN NORWAY, FOUND IN NORWAY. a.

Sword-hilts of Western types.

Valle, parish and pgd. of Tune, 0stf. (C. 17670). Part of sword consisting of one cross-bair with grip-mounting of bronz*. The cross-bar is inlaid with silver and niello, the ornamentation consisting of animal motives of Anglo-Saxon character. The grip-mounting has inter1.

laced-ribbon omamiearls.

Norse-British?

117).

(fig.

Ab. 1894, p. 112—113, Rolvseyaetten, Bergens Museums Arbok 1920 no.

Literature:

22

—

c;

see also A.

21, no.

1,

W. Brogger:

pp. 15

—

16, fig. 4.

(C. 16380). 2. Gunnersby, parish and pgd. of Rygge, 0stf. Double-edged sword. The blade has the Ulfberth inscription. The {jommel five-lobed, of Jan Petersen's type 0, with ribboin interlacing in sil\'er inlay.

Norse-British.

Literature: Ab. 1891, p. 102, no. 106 a; Jan Petersen:

sverd (abbr. Vsv.),

De norske

vikinge-

p. 128, fig. 105.

Hedemarken. (C. 257). Double-edged sword of Jan Petersen's type R. The blade has the Ulfljerth inscription. The guard and pommel ornamented with ribbon interlacing. 3.

Norse-British

(fig.

Literature:

118).

N. F., p. 55; illustrated

see also Lorange:

Rygh 504 and Vsv.

Dean yngre jemalders sverd, table III,

p. 141, fig.

113;

fig. 8.

Berg, parish and pgd. of Loten. Hed. (C. 13848). Double-edged sword of the type 0. The guard and pommel of bronze, five-lobed pommel. Inlaid ornaments. Undoubtedly of western provenance. 4.

English

(fig.

119).

Literature:

Ab

.

1887, p. 84, no. 287 a; illustrated Vsv., p. 127,

fig.

104.

Weapons from Western Europe

116

Reysehagen, parish of Kolbu, pgd. of Vesirc Toien, Opl. (C. 23642). 5. Double-edged sword with handle of the type R. The Ulfberth inscripUon on the blade. The guard and pommel deoorated with ribbon interlacing inlaid in silver.

Norse-British.

Literature: Unpublished; acquired in 1925.

Remme, parish and pgd. of Vang, Opl. (C. 23843). 6. Bronze five-lobed pommel, of the type 0. English. Literature: Unpublished; acquired in 1925. Hundstad, parish and pgd. of Hole, Busk. (C. 16699). Bronze guard and pommel of sword, with cast ornaments, cointaining reminiscences of classical motives. Type W. British-Norse or entirely Norse? 7.

(fig. 120).

Literature:

Ab. 1892,

p. 71, no.

493

a; illustrated

Brogger: Rolvsoysetten,

(Fig. 120).

Tanum, parish of Svarstad, pgd. of Lardal, Vestf. (C. 2710). Fragments of double-edged sword, the guard and pommel of bronze, the

8.

cap of the pommel missing. Unfamiliar ornamentation. Norse-British? Literature:

N. F., p. 195.

Dolven^ parish of Berg and pgd. of Brunlanes, Vestf. (C. .5047). Double-edged sword, type L. The pomm.el is inlaid with silver ribbons forming an ornamentation in the Trewhiddle style. The grip-mounting is 9.

a silver ribbion with similiar ornamentation (fig. 121). Literature: Ab. 1869, p. 95, no. 97; illustrated fig. 26 and Riigh 505; see also Vsv. p. 113, fig. 94, and Brogger: Rolvsoyaetten, p. 15, fig. 5.

Farmen, parish of Kvelde, pgd. of Hedrum, Vestf. (C. 13.595). Double-edged sword with damascened blade. Peculiar type. The pommel has omamientation inlaid in silver; in the middle a rosette figure; from the central part exterad 2 animialls' heads with ribbon interlacing on their sides 10.

(fig.

122).

Literature:

Ab. 1887,

p. 80, no. 14; illustrated Vsv., p. 123, fig. 101.

Nedre Store-Var, parish and pgd. of Stokke, Vestf. (C. 14286). Fragments of double-edged sword of the type L. The blade damascened. Guard and pommel mounted with bronze plates decorated with engraved 11.

ribbon interlacing

(fig.

123).

Ab. 1888, p. 139, no. 192 Brogger: Rolvsoysetten p. 19. see A. W. Literature:

a;

illustrated Vsv. p. 113, fig. 95;

Weapons from Western Europe

Fig. 117.

Valle,

Tune

117

parish, 0etf.

Hybbestad, parish and pgd. of T\ollmg, Vestf. (C. 24338 a). Double-edged sword of type L, badly rusted. Literature: Universitetets Oldsaksamlings Arbok 1929, p. 172, no. 12.

14.

13. Grenneberg, parish and pgd. of Tjelling, Vestf. (C. 16477). Fragments of double-edged sword. Type L. The pommel hais silver plates omameinted in the Trewhiddie style (fig. 124).

Literature:

Ab. 1891,

p. 108,

no. 118 a; illustrated fig. 9;

see Brogger:

Rolvsoyaetten, p. 16, no. 6. 14.

Fevik, parish and pgd. of Fjwre, Aust-Agder. guard of a sword. Omiamentation in

(C. 10551).

Bronze partly

the

Trewhiddle

style,

gilt.

Literature:

Ab. 1881,

p.

137, no. 40;

illu&traited

fig.

17;

see Brogger:

Rolvsoyaetten, p. 19. 15.

Tufte, parish

and pgd.

Double-edged sword type guard and pommel. Literature:

of Sogne, Vest-Agder. L.

(C. 24430).

Blade corroded, no omaiments visible on

Universitetets Oldsaksamlings

Arbok

1929, p. 205, nr. 106.

Rossebo, parish of Skdre, pgd. of Haugesund, Rog. (B. 4385). Double-edged sword with guard and pommiel inlaid with silver, and ornamentation in niello. Five-lobed pommel (Type 0). Norse-Britisih 16.

(Hg. 125).

Literature: Ab. 1886, p. 61, no. 3; see Brogger:

Rolvsoysetten, p. 19,

fig. 9.

118

Weapons from Western Europe

Flsj.

118.

Hediuark.

Weapons from Western Europe

m^m.'n^^'^'s^^^'^^^i^

Pig. 119.

Berg, Loten parish, Hed.

119

Weapons from Western Europe

120

Fig.

120.

Hiindstad,

Hole parish, Busk.

17. Vad, parish of Stole pgd. of Etne, Hord. (B. 961). Double-edged sword of the type R. The blade has the Ulfberth inscription, the guard and pommel silver inlay with interlaceid ribbon orniaments. Norse-

British (fig.

126).

Literature:

Lorange:

Den yngre jemalders

Norske Oldsager

sverd, table

1,

fig.

i

Beirgens

Museum,

p.

144, and:

1.

Dukstad, parish of Vangen, pgd. of Voss, Hord. (B. 1103). Double-edged sword with five-lobed pommel, and accordingly of the type 0. Unfamiliar omiameotiaitiioini. English (fig. 127). Literature: Lorange: Norske Oldisager i Bergens Museum, p. 162. 18.

19.

Vangsnes, parish of Vangsnes, pgd. of Balestrand,

S.

og Fj.

(B. 691).

Double-Edged sword with five-lobed pommel, of the type 0. Unfamiliar omamentiation.

English (fig. 128). Lorange: Norske Oldsager i Bergens Museum, pp. 177 178 and Rygh 507; see Brogger: Rolvseyaetten, p. 19.

Literature: illustrated p.

—78;

Weapons from Western Europe

Fig. 121.

121

V. Dolven, Berg parish, Brunlanes, Veetf.

Evebo, parish of Vereide, pgd. of Gloppen, S. og F}. (B. 4592). Double-edged sword, type L. As, however, no ornam&nts are now visible en goiand amid poimimiel, the speoimien is dubious (fig. 129). Literature: Ab. 1889, p. 71, no. 26 a. 20.

21.

Hovin, parish of Hof, pgd. of Sundalen, More. (T. 8257). L, with silver plates on guard and pom-

Double-edged sword of the type mel ornamented in the Trewhiddle

The grip

with inlays of silver and niello.

miountings are likewise decorated with ornaments of the

Literature: fig.

style,

T. V. S. S. 1907, no. 9, pp.

23—24,

10; see also Brogger: Rolvsoysetten, pp. 17

same

kind.

no. 76 a; illustrated p. 23,

— 18,

figs.

7 a

—

b.

Gravrdk, parish and pgd. of Melhtis, S. T. (T. 453). Double-edged sword of the type K. Pommel and guard are mounted wilh silver, with an ormamentation representing wine and flowers. French. The 22.

9th century

(fig.

Literature:

130).

Illustrated

Rygh 511, Vsv.

fig.

89, p. 106.

Bjorkan, parish of Stjordalen, pgd. of Nedre Stjordalen, N. T. (T. 4485). Double-edged sword of the type L. Seen to have had metal ornaments, probably decorated silver plates; but these are now gone. Literature: Ab. 1893, p. 126, no. 13 B. 28.

122

Weapons from Western Europe

Fig. 122.

Farmen, Kvelde parish, Hedruim, Vestf.

Weapons from Western Europe

Fig. 123.

Nedre Store-Var, Stokke parish, Veetf.

123

Weapons from Western Europe

124

Fiig.

24.

124.

Gronneberg, Tjolling parish, Veslf.

Steinvik, parish of Skatval, pgd. of

Nedre Stjordalen,

N. T.

(T. 6028).

Double-edged sword with damascened blade of the type L. No metal omamentis are now visible, so that the sword canimot be determined with absolute certainty as being British.

Literahire:

Ab. 1900,

b.

p. 268, no. 22.

Sword-blades with the Ulfberth inscription.

Gunnersby, parish and pgd. See under a (no. 2). 1.

is

of Rygge, Ostf. (C. 16380).

2. Gunnersby, parish and pgd. of Rygge, Ostf. (C. 16382). Double-edged sword. On the blade the Ulfberth inscription. The pommel not preserved, and the type is uncertain. Literature: Ab. 1891, pp. 102—103, no. 106 c.

Weapons from Western Europe

125

Fig. 125.

Rossebo, Skare parish,

Ros.

3.

Hedemarken

(see under

a,

no. 3).

(C. 257).

0stre Aim, parish and pgd. of Stange, Hed. (C. 3867). Double-edged sword of the type T. The Ulfberth inscription inlaid blade. The guard and pommel are silver-plated with animal motives 4.

Jellinge style. Literature: fig.

in the

in the

Baltic hilt.

Ab. 1867,

317; and Vsv., p. 151,

p. 88, no. 13; fig.

120.

illustrated

Osebergfundet

ITT, p. 305,

126

Weapons from Western Europe

Fig. 126.

Vad, Etne parish, Hord.

Weapons from Western Europe

Pig. 127.

Dukstad, Voss

])aii-ili,

Iloid.

127

Weapons from Western Europe

128

Aker, parish and pgd. of Vang, Hed. (C. 4690). Double-edged sword. The blade has the Ulfberth inscripticn. The handle has silver inlay, undoubtedly once with ribbon interlacing. The sword is of 5.

the type S.

Baltic hilt?

Literature: table III,

fig.

Ab. 1869,

p. 66, mo. 13;

Lorange: Den yngre jemalders sverd,

3.

Roysehagen, parish of Kolbu pgd. of See under a, no. 5.

V. Toten, Opl. (C. 23643).

6.

7. Loken, parish and pgd. of Hole, Busk. (C. 5402). Double-edged sword of the type Z, with silver wire round the grip, silver inlay on the guard and pommiel, and the Ultberth inscription on the blade.

Baltic handle.

Literature:

Ab. 1871,

p. 74, no. 33, illustrated Vsv., p. 176, fig. 136.

Torstvet, parish and pgd. of Hedrum, Vesif. (B. 882). Double-edged sword, handle missing. Ulfberth inscription on the blade. Literature: Lorange: Norske Oldsager Eergens MuTeum, p. 133, and: Den yngre jemalders sverd, table II, fig. 1. 8.

i

Vanse, Vest-Agder.

9.

Double-edged sword Uliberth.

No

silver

(St.

1021).

of the type S.

mow

miountings

The blade has an visible

on

the

probably

inscription,

guaird

amd piommel.

Baltic type.

Literature:

Ab. 1880,

jemalders sverd, table 10.

a,

Literature:

(B. 961).

no. 15.

(B. 943).

of double-edged sword, blade with the Ulfberth inscription.

Lorange:

Norske

Oldisiaiger

ynigxe jermalders sverd, tabJe II, fig

12.

Den yngre

Lorange:

Bale, parish of Tjugum, pgd. of Balestrand, S. og Ff.

Fragment

Den

illustrated in

2.

Vad, parish of Stole, pgd. of Etne, Hord.

See under 11.

p. 274, no. 33;

III, fig.

i

Bergents Museuim, p. 176, and:

4,

Hellebost, parish of Vik, pgd. of Gaular, S. og Fj.

(B. 1165).

Double-edged sword of the type H, with the Ulfb3rth inscription on the blade. Literature:

Lorange:

Den yngre jemalders

Norske Oldsager

sverd, table

II, fig. 2.

i

Bergens Museum,

p.

185, and:

Weapons from Western Europe Fig. 128.

129

!?'333E;-.

Vangsnee, Vangsnes parish, Balestrand, S. og Fj.

Visnes, parish of Nedstryn, pgd. of Stryn, S. og Fj. (B. 1483). Double-edged sword of the type H. The Ulfberth inscription on the blade. 13.

Literature:

Lorange:

Den yngre jemalders

Norske Oldsager

sverd, table

I,

i

Bergens Museum,

p.

185, and:

fig. 4.

Sundalen, parish of Dale, pgd. of Fjaler, S. og Fj. (B. 2944). Double-edged sword of the type H, with the Uliberlh inscription on

14.

the blade. Literature:

Lorange:

Den yngre jemalders 9

— Viking

Antiquities V.

Norske Oldsager

sverd, table

I,

fig. 2.

i

Bergens Museum,

p.

183, and:

Weapons from Western Europe

130

Os, parish and pgd. of Bid, S. og Fj. (B. 3149 a). Double-edged sword of uncertain type. Silver mountings on the guard and pommel, the Ulfberth inscription on the blade. Literature: Ab. 1876, p. 57, no. 28; illustrated in Lorange: Den yngre jemalders sverd, table 1, fig. 3. 15.

Hollen, parish and pgd. of Henine, S. T. (B. 2695). Double-edged sword. The Ulfberth inscription on the blade. The t>'pe cannot now be determined. Eergens Museum, p. 190, and: Literature: Lorange: Norske Oldsager Den yngre jemalders sverd, table II, fig. 3. 16.

i

Hoas, parish of Ranem, pgd. of Overhalla, N. T. (T. 2791). Double-edged sword. Tlie pommel is missing, but the cross-bars are narrow and elliptic. Probably of the type I. The Ulf berth inscription on 17.

the blade. Literature:

Ab. 1882,

p. 126, no.

44

a.

Grande, parish of Eanem, pgd. of Overhalla, N. T. (T. 3712). Double-edged sword, of the type H. Silver plates on guard and pommel. The Ulfberth inscription on the blade. Literature: Ab. 1887, p. 102, no. 47 a. 18.

c.

Spear-heads of the CaroUngian winged type, Rygh

B—D, 1.

figs.

8—11.

Parish and pgd. of 'Nannestad, Akh.

(C. 1044 b).

Vsv., fig. 11.

Literature:

N. F., p. 52.

Bestun, pgd. of Vestre Aker, Akh. Vsv., fig. 9; unpublished. 2.

3.

(C. 3095).

Runni, parish and pgd. of Nes, Akh.

(C. 7120).

Vsv., fig. 10.

Literature: Ab. 1874, p. 77, no. 105.

4.

Voll, parish

and pgd.

of As,

Akh.

Vsv., fig. 9.

Literature:

Ab. 1885,

p. 112, no. 155.

(C. 12352).

.518,

Vsv. types

Weapons from Western Europe Fig. 129.

Eveb0,

GjeninieiS'tad parish,

Gloppen,

5.

S.

og

F).

Loken, parish and pgd. of Eidsvoll, Alch.

(C. 12736).

Vsv., fig. 11.

Literature:

6.

Ab. 1886,

p. 8, no. 46.

Garder, parish of Hovin, pgd. of UUensaker, Akh.

Vsv.,

(C. 15917).

fig. 11.

Literature:

Illustrated Ab. 1868, pi.

II, fig. 5,

see p. 42.

131

Weapons from Western Europe

132 7.

Bolstad, parish and pgd. of Ringsaker, Hed.

(C. 1999).

Vsv., fig. 9.

Literature:

8.

N. F., p. 83.

Asia, parish of Veldre, pgd. of Ringsaker, Hed.

(C. 2572).

Vsv., fig. 9,

Literature:

9.

N. F., p. 85.

Hammerstad, parish and pgd.

Vsv.,

(C. 4981).

fig. 9.

Ab. 1869,

Literature:

10.

of Stange, Hed.

V.

p. 89, no.

76

b.

Hemstad, parish and pgd of Stange, Hed.

(C. 5003).

Vsv., fig. 9.

Ab. 1869,

Literature:

11.

p. 90, no. 78.

Broen av Berge, parish

of

Ovre Rendalen, pgd. of Rendalen, Hed.

(C. 14000).

Vsv.,

fig. 8.

Literature:

12.

Ab. 1889,

p. 118, no.

33

b.

Aker, parish and pgd. of Vang, Hed. (C. 24477

e).

Vsv., fig. 11.

Literature:

13.

Universitetets Oldsaksamlings

Solbjor, parish

Vsv.,

and pgd.

of Ringsaker,

Literature:

16.

1930, pp. 207

N. F., p. 754.

N. F., p. 94.

Hov, parish and pgd. of Gran, Opl. vari(ant: riveds inistead of

Vsv.,

(C. 4423).

wings.

fig. 9.

Literature:

Ab. 1868, pp. 106—7, no. 41, and

fig. 36.

—

8,

(C. 1648).

8—9.

fig. 9.

Literature:

A

Arbok

Prestegdrden, parish and pgd. of Vdge, Opl. (C. 2178).

Vsv.,

e.

Hed. (C. 24513).

Istad, parish of Volbu, pgd. of Ostre Slidre, Opl.

Vsv,, figs.

15.

1929, p. 292, no. 152

fig. 9.

Literature: Universitetets Oldsaksamlings

14.

Arbok

no. 79 b.

Weapons from Western Europe Fi;T.

133

130.

Gravrak M-^lhus parish, S. T.

17.

Nordmageli, parish of Tretten, pgd. of Oier, Opl. (C. 5821).

Vsv., fig. 8.

Literature: 18.

Ab. 1870,

p. 84, no. 85.

Evenrud, parish of Hof, pgd. of Ostre Toten, Opl.

(C. 9726).

Vsv.. fig. 9.

Literature:

Ab. 1879,

p. 189, no.

91 b.

19. Prestegdrden, parish of Hof, pgd. of Ostre Toten, Opl.

Vsv., fig. 9.

Literature:

Oldtiden VI, p. 80, no. 92, Tilvekst 1909.

(C. 20909).

Weapons from Western Europe

134

Remme,

20.

Vsv.,

parish and pgd. of Vang, Opl.

(C. 21619).

fig. 8.

Oldtiden IV, p. 225, no 127.

Literature:

Tilvefcst

1904—15.

Bjornstad, parish of Fluberg, pgd. of Sondre Land, Opl. (C. 22676 a).

21.

Vsv.,

fig. 9.

Unpublished.

Literature:

Tilvekst 1921.

22. Tomle, parish of Nordsinnen, pgd. of Nordre Land, Opl. Badly rusted. Vsv., fig. 9 (?). Literature: Lorange: Norske Oldsager i Bergens Museum,

23.

Jevnaker, Opl.

Vsv.,

(

p. 132.

(B. 2818).

fig. 9.

See Lorange

Literature:

1.

c, p. 132.

Kjorstad, parish and pgd. of Sondre Fron, Opl.

24.

(B. 846).

(Arendals

Museum

imnumbered) )

Vsv.,

fig. 9.

Unpublished.

Literature: 25.

Liltvet, parish

Vsv.,

of

Hurum, Busk.

N. F., p. 107.

Uthus, parish and pgd. of Hoi, Busk.

Vsv.,

(C. 407).

fig. 10.

Literature: 26.

and pgd.

(C. 2613).

fig. 8.

Literature: N. F., p. 157. 27.

Hen, parish

of Ytre Adalen, pgd. of Adalen, Busk.

(C. 3186).

Vsv., fig. 9.

Literature: 28.

Stavenesodden, parish of Krodsherad, pgd. of Sigdal, Busk. (C. 4671).

Vsv.,

fig. 8.

Literature: 29.

Ab. 1869,

p. 65, nio. 8.

Mellem Folsds, parish and pgd.

Vsv.,

of Bollag,

Busk. (C. 6334).

fig. 9.

Literature: 30.

Unpublished.

Ab. 1873, pp. 65—66, no. 40.

Prestegdrden, parish and pgd. of Hedrum, Vestf.

Vsv., fig. 10.

Literature:

Ab. 1872,

p. 94, no. 86.

(C. 6191).

Weapons from Western Europe 31.

Kamfjord, parish and pgd. of Sandeherad, Vestf. (C. 100O6).

Vsv.,

fig. 9.

Ab. 1880,

Literature:

32.

135

p. 188, no. 65.

Sande, parish and pgd. of Tjolling, Vestf.

(C. 11472).

Vsv., fig. 10.

Literature:

33.

Ab. 1883,

p. 171, no.

85

b.

Nes, parish of Kvelde, pgd. of Hednim, Vestf.

(C. 12416),

Vsv., fig. 9.

Literature:

34.

Tanum, pgd.

of Brtmlanes, Vestf.

(C. 13014).

fig. 9.

Literature:

Ab. 1886,

p. 23, no.

14 b.

Odberg, parish of Kvarnes, pgd. of Hedrum, Vestf.

Vsv.,

(C. 13699).

fig. 10.

Literature:

36.

p. 23, no. 3.

Tveitane, parish of

Vsv.,

35.

Ab. 1885,

Ab. 1887,

p. 73, no.

Kaupang, parish and pgd.

Vsv.,

218

b.

of TjolUng, Vestf.

(C. 14677).

fig. 8.

Literature:

Ab. 1889,

p. 112, no. 88.

Bo, parish and pgd. of Sandeherad, Vestf. (C. 21472). Vsv., fig. 9. 37.

Literature:

38.

Oldtiden VI,

p. 217, no.

85

a, illustrated.

Jarlsberg, parish and pgd. of Sem, Vestf.

(C. 22445).

Vsv., fig. 9.

Literature:

Oldtiden X,

p. 15,

Sigurd Grieg:

kronein oig pA Berg. 39.

Vestfold?

(C. 23478).

Vsv., fig. 9.

Literature:

40.

Unpublished.

Vestfold.

(C. 23479).

Vsv., fig. 9, very big specimen.

Literature:

Unpublished.

Gravpladsene

i

Lille Giild-

Weapons from Western Europe

136 41.

Moll, parish of Mcel, pgd. of Tinn, Tel.

(C. 10904).

Vsv., fig. 11.

Ab. 1882,

Literature:

42.

Ab. 1884,

Ab. 1893,

p. 82, no.

Oldtiden VI,

c.

(C. 21634).

227, no. 142

p.

a.

(C. 24108).

fig. 10.

Unpublished.

Literature:

As, parish and pgd. of Gjerpen, Tel. (Fylkesmuseet

Vsv.,

Hoftuft, parish

of Valle, Aust-Agder.

and pgd.

Riki, parish

(C. 1578).

and pgd.

57.

of Valle, Aust-Agder.

(C. 10888).

fig. 8.

Literature:

Ab. 1882,

p. 151, no. 33.

Haugen, parish and pgd.

Vsv.,

Skien, no. 1227),

—

N. F., pp. 256

Literature:

Vsv.,

i

fig. 9.

Vsv., fig. 9.

of Bygla^nd, Aust-Agder. (C. 21961).

fig. 8.

Literature:

50.

32

Sending, parish and pgd. of Ldrdal, Tel.

Vsv.,

49.

(C. 17214).

fig. 9.

Literature:

48.

b.

Parish of Brunkeberg, pgd. of Kviteseid, Tel.

Vsv.,

47.

139

fig. 9.

Literature:

46.

p. 66, no.

Bjdland, parish and pgd. of Ldrdal, Tel.

Vsv.,

45.

(C. 11998).

fig. 9.

Literature:

44.

152, no. 39.

Koltjon, parish of Skafsd, pgd. of Mo, Tel.

Vsv.,

43.

p.

Oldtiden VIII,

p. 183, no.

101 b.

Straume, parish of Hyllestad, pgd. of Valle, Aust-Agder.

(C. 24488).

Vsv., fig. 11.

Literature:

51.

Universitetets Oldsaksamlings

Setesdalen, Aust-Agder.

Vsv.,

fig.

11.

(Kristiaimsands

Arbok

1929, p. 225, no. 163.

Folkemuseum).

Weapons from Western Europe 52.

137

Prestegdrden, parish and pgd. of Lijngdal, Vest-Agder. (C. 5712).

Vsv., fig. 9.

XXIX

Literature: Ab. 1871, p. 137, no.

11.

Vashus, parish and pgd. of Suldal, Rag. (C. 18422). fig. 9 or 10. Literature: Ab. 1896, p. 50, no. 19 b.

53.

Vsv.,

54.

Sorestad, parish and pgd. of Suldal, Rog.

(B. 633).

Vsv., fig. 9?

Literature:

55.

i

Bergens Museum,

p. 142.

Sand, parish and pgd. of Sand, Rog. (B. 2475).

Vsv.,

fig. 8.

Literature:

56.

Lorange: Norske Oldsager

Lorange

1.

c, p. 141.

Norheim, parish and pgd. of Time, Rog.

Vsv.,

(St. 337).

fig. 8.

Literature: Ab. 1878, p. 306, no. 337.

57.

Jdtten, parish

Vsv.,

fig.

Literature:

58.

of Hetland, Rog.

(St.

2249).

Stavanger Museums Arshefte 1900,

p. 65, no. 4.

Eltrevdg, parish of Riska, pgd. of Hetland, Rog. (St. 2303 b).

Vsv.,

fig. 9.

Literature:

59.

and pgd.

8.

Stavanger Museums Arshefte 1900,

58 b.

p. 87, no.

Ostebo, parish of Sandeid, pgd. of Vikedal, Rog. fig. 9, short wings.

2323

(St.

a).

Vsv.,

Literature:

60.

p. 92, no.

Kvalbein, parish of Ogna, pgd. of Egersund, Rog.

Vsv.,

78

(St.

a.

2349

fig. 9.

Literature:

61.

Stavanger Museums Arshefte 1900,

Stavanger

Museum

Arshefte 1901, p. 98, no. 15

Lunde, parish and pgd. of Suldal, Rog.

(St.

2450

c.

b).

Vsv., fig. 8.

Literature:

Stavanger

Museums Arshefte

1902, p. 97, no. 34 b.

c).

Wea

138

2)

n

s

from Western Europe

Avlseike, parish of Vats, pgd. of Slqold, Rog.

62.

(St.

2983

b).

Vsv., fig. 9.

Literature:

63.

Stavanger Museums Arshefte 1907 no.

Oma, parish and pgd.

of Time, Rog.

(St.

4549

Ill, p. 22, no.

73

b.

c).

"

Vsv., fig. 8.

Literature: no. 97

Voll, parish of

64.

Vsv.,

(St.

—

Stavanger Museums Arshefte 1928

Tjora, parish of Sola, pgd. of Hdland, Rog.

Vsv.,

4945).

30, no. II, p. 22, no.

(St.

5460

93

b.

a).

Unpublished.

Ulvik, Hord.

Vsv.,

p. 22,

fig. 9.

Literature:

66.

Varhaug, pgd. of Ed, Rog.

fig. 9.

Literature:

65.

Stavanger Museums Arshefte 1924—25, Tilvekst 1924,

c.

fig.

(C. 21114).

8.

Literature:

Oldtiden VI,

p. 125, no. 2 b.

Indre Lygren, parish of Lygre, pgd. of Lindas, Hord. (B. 3235 a). Not seen; but the description in Ab. seems to show that it belongs

67.

this typis.

Literature:

68.

Ab. 1878,

p. 330,

no. 5

a.

Huse, parish of Kinsarvik, pgd. of Ullensvang, Hord. (B. 3541).

Vsv., fig. 8.

Literature:

69.

Ab. 1880,

p. 253, no. 116.

Parish of Olen, pgd. of Fjelberg, Hord. (B. 4193

a).

Vsv., fig. 8.

Literature:

70.

Grindeim, parish

Vsv.,

p. 61, no.

of

14

a.

Grindeim, pgd. of Etne, Hord. (B. 62.32

Bergens Museums Arbok 1909

mo. 14, p. 27, no. 5S II b.

Nordds, parish and pgd. of Fana, Hord.

Vsv.,

II b).

fig. 8.

Literature:

71.

Ab. 1883,

(B.

7902

b).

fig. 9.

Literature:

Bergens Museums Arbok 1928 no.

2, p. 8, no.

9 b.

to

Weapons from Western Europe parish of

Midiius,

72.

14230).

Rygh

Vikoy, pgd.

Kvam, Hord.

of

(Nbrdlteka) Mtiseet

518. Not seen.

Literature: Undset:

Norske Oldsagsr

i

Nordiska Museet,

Hellebost, parish of Vik, pgd. of Gaular, S. og Fj. Vsv., fig. 8. Literature: Lorange: Norske Oldsiag&r

Rogno,

74.

S.

i

Bergens Museum,

p. 184.

(B. 4224).

og Fj.

fig. 9:

Literature:

Ab. 1883, pp. 67—68, no. 45.

Vik, parish of Nedstryn, pgd. of Stryn

75.

p. 18.

(B. 1164).

73.

Vsv.,

139

,

S.

og Fj.

(B.

4756

b).

Vsv., fig. 8.

Literature:

76.

Ab. 1891,

p. 128, no. 176.

Ostgulen, parish and pgd. of Gulen,

Vsv., fig.

Literature:

Ab. 1891,

Rosa^ter, parish

77.

S.

og Fj.

(4758

e).

8.

p. 130, no.

and pgd.

19

e.

of Innviken, S. og Fj.

(B. 5072).

Vsv., fig. 8.

Literature:

78.

Ab. 1894,

p. 168, no. 37.

Yttre Hauge, parish and pgd. of Gloppen, S. og Fj.

(B.

5110

b).

Vsv., fig. 8.

Literature:

79.

Ab. 1895,

p.

11, no.

20

Yttre Hauge, parish and pgd. of Gloppen, S. og Fj.

Vsv., fig.

5110

e).

c.

Hilde, parish and pgd. of Innviken, S. og Fj. (B. 5588

Vsv.,

c).

fig. 9.

Literature:

81.

(B.

8.

Literature: Ab. 1895, p. Ill, no. 20

80.

b.

Bergens Museums Arbok 1904, no.

6, p. 42, no.

Sande, parish of Gjemmestad, pgd. of Gloppen,

S. oc/ Fj.

182

c.

(B. 60-26 a).

Vsv., fig. 9.

Literature:

Bergens Museums Arbok 1906, no.

14, p. 10, no.

18

a.

Weapons from Western Europe

140

Solvorn, parish of Solvorn, pgd. of Hafslo,

82.

S.

(B. 6080).

og Fj.

Vsv., fig. 9?

Eergens Museums Arbok no.

Literature:

Sonde, parish of Giemmestad, pgd. of Gloppen,

83.

Rust-eaten.

Rygh

Literature:

Bergens Museums Arbok no.

518.

8, p. 21,

S.

(B.

6538 b).

no. 41 b.

og Fj. (B. 7071 b).

Oldtiden IX, Tilvekst 1919,

p. 46, no.

Brekke, parish of Kirkebe, pgd. of Lavik,

85.

og Fj.

Rust-eaten.

Literature:

Vsv.,

S.

518.

Torvund, parish and pgd. of Lavik,

84.

Rygh

S.

14 b.

og Fj. (B. 7554

c).

fig. 8.

Literature: 86.

no. 8.

3, p. 7,

Bergen Museums Arbok 1923

Loen, parish of Loen, pgd. of Stryn,

—24,

S.

no.

og Fj.

1, p.

(B.

37, no.

7652

68

c.

a).

Vsv., fig. 8.

Literature: Bergens

Amble, parish

87.

Vsv.,

of

Kaupanger, pgd.

— 25 no.

2, p. 36, no.

71

of Sogndal, S. og Fj. (B. 7953).

Bergens Museums Arbok 1928 no.

2, p. 25,

Drege, parish of Ncereen, pgd. of Aurland,

S.

no. 60.

og Fj. (Heibergtsike Saim-

linger 3622). Vsv., 89.

fig. 8.

Austrem, parish and pgd. of Borgund, Mere. (B.3179b).

Vsv., fig. 8.

Literature: 90.

p. 86, no.

65

b.

(B.

5497

c).

fig. 8.

Literature: 91.

Ab. 1877,

Runde, parish and pgd. of Heroy, Mere.

Vsv.,

Bergens Museums Arbok 1904, no.

6, p. 19,

no. 91

fig. 8.

Literature: Ab. 1866, p. 99, no. 41. 92.

c.

Indre Strand, parish and pgd. of Vanylven, Mere. (C. 3947).

Vsv.,

Romfo, parish of Romfo, pgd. of Sunndal, Mere. (C. 6561).

Vsv.,

a.

fig. 8.

Literature: 88.

Museums Arbok 1924

fig. 8.

Literature:

Ab. 1873,

p. 75, no.

VI.

Weapons from Western Europe Snoen, parish and pgd. of Meldal,

93.

S.

T.

141

(T. 309).

Vsv., fig. 11.

Stranden, parish and pgd. of Opdal,

94.

Vsv.,

S.

T. (T. 1955).

fig. 8.

Literature:

Ab. 1878,

9

p. 277, no.

f.

Ventrceet, parish of Alen, pgd. of Holtdlen, S. T. (T. 3390).

95.

Vsv., fig. 9.

Literature:

96.

Ab. 1887,

p. 95, no. 8.

Oksvoll, parish of Mcere, pgd. of Sparbu, N. T.

(T. 3377).

Vsv., fig. 9.

Literature:

97.

Ab. 1885,

p. 134, no.

89

c.

Grande, parish of Ranem, pgd. of Overhalla, N. T.

(T 3713).

Vsv., fig. 8.

Literature:

98.

p. 102, no.

47

b.

Berge, parish and pgd. of Grong, N. T.

Vsv.,

(T. 7098).

fig. 8.

Literature: 99.

Ab. 1887,

T. V. S. S. 1903, no. 4, p. 13, no. 41.

Bosnes, parish of Sakshaug, pgd. of Inderoij, N. T. (T. 12113

b).

Vsv., fig. 9.

Literature: 100.

T. V. S. S. 1920, no. 2, p. 29, no. 11 b.

Ab Jorge n,

Probably Vsv., Literature: 101.

parish of Vassds, pgd. of Bindalen, Nordl. fig.

(T. 7591).

9.

T. V. S. S. 1905, no. 7, p. 19, no. 53.

and pgd.

Stronstad, parish

of Hadsel, Nordl.

(Ts. 1183).

Vsv., fig. 8.

Literature: 102.

Ab. 1896,

p. 107, no. 9.

Near Harstad, parish and pgd. of Trondenes, Troms. (Ts. 353).

Vsv., fig. 9.

Literature: 103.

Ab. 1878,

p. 314, no.

Sletten, parish of

11 a.

Duroy, pgd. of Tranoy, Troms.

Vsv., fig. 8.

Literature:

Ab. 1892,

p.

102, no. 7 a.

(Ts. 975).

Weapons from W e s

142 104.

in

Europe

No

Ab. 1908,

locality.

fig.

(Ts. 1859).

rusted.

Literature:

105.

e

Nordsand, pans and pgd. of Bjarkey, Troms.

Rygh 518;

Vsv.,

t

(B.

p. 178, no.

5498

26

a.

a).

11.

Literature:

106.

No

Vsv.,

fig. 8.

Bergens Museums Arbok 1904, no.

locality.

Literature:

107.

No

Vsv.,

fig. 9.

(B.

5633

no. 92

a.

a).

Bergens Museums Arbok 1904, no.

locality.

6, p. 19,

(C. 2368).

6, p. 56,

no. 227 a.

IV.

Coins of Western Europe from the Viking Period found

in

Norway.

COINS OF WESTERN EUROPE FROM THE VIKING PERIOD, FOUND IN NORWAY. Fuglevik, parish and pgd. of Krdkerey, 0stf. (C. 10131). 38 Anglo-Saxon coins (Ethelred) found with several other coins and a 1.

small silver ingot.

In the University Cabinet of Coins, Oslo. Literature:

Ab. 1880,

p. 202, no. 133;

and Sigurd Grieg: Vikingetidens

Skattefunn, Universitetets Oldsaiksamlings Skrifter, Vol.

2.

II,

p. 210.

Sarpsborg, 0stf.

Several Anglo-Saxon coins from the earlier half of the 11th century, found the sio-called St. Olavs Void (i.e.: St. Olav's Earthwork). Handed in with in

—

Norwegian, and the rest of them German coins, the board consisting of 28 pieces in all. In the University Cabinet of Coins, Oslo. Literature: 0. Rygh: Oro dem ynigre jemalder i Norge, p. 121, Arbesger 1877. 1 Byzantine, 1

Nes or Ringsaker, Hed. number of Anglo-Saxon coins (Cnute). Literature: Rygh 1. c, p. 121.

3.

A

great

— The find was dispersed.

Hevren, parish and pgd. of Oier, Opl. 2 Anglo-Saxon coins (Ethelred amd Cnute). Handed in to the Cabinet of Coins in 1831.

4.

Literature:

Rygh

1.

c, p. 122.

Trosvik, parish of Fdvang, pgd. of Ringebu, Opl. 1 Anglo-Saxon coin (Ethelred).

5.

Acquired by the Cabirost of Coins Literature: 10

— Viking

Rygh

Antiquities V.

1.

c, p. 122.

in 1833.

Coins of Western Europe from the Viking Period

146

0vre Biker, Busk. 1 gold coin from the reign of Louis the Pious, 2 barbaric imitations of the same, 1 gilt silver coin from Louis's son Pippin, and 1 from his other son Lothar. In addition to these, 1 Anglo-Saxon coin a gilt silver coin struck for Archbishop Valfred of Canterbury (805 These coins belong to a considerable 832). All the coins have loops. hoard, one of the most remarkable finds from the Norwegian Viking period,

Nedre Hon, parish 5 Prankish coins, viz.

6.

of

—

Haug, pgd.

of

—

comprising also 9 Cufic and 4 Byzantine coins, and, besides, a great number some of them splendid specimens, mostly of gold. Holmboe and Sigurd Grieg have suppoised that we have here to do with a of personal ornaments,

temple treasure. The hoard is supposed to have been deposited about the year 900. Literature: N. F., pp. 161

— 162; 0.

Rygh: Norske

Oldisiager, text pp.

34

—35;

for illustrations, see figs. 670, 690, 691, 692—696, 699—702, 704—705, 708; A. W. Brogger: Angelsiaksiske mynter fra VIII og IX arhundrede, Norsk 39. C. A. Holmboe: En historiisk tidlsskrift. Femte rekke, vol. I, pp. 337 eiamiling av myniler og smykker osv., utgltt av det Kongielige Frederiks Universitet, Kristiania 1835; siee

7.

ailsio

Grieg

1.

— c, pp. 182— 198.

Broholt, parish and pgd. of Uoyken, Busk.

73 Anglo-Saxon coins,

—

viz. for Ethelred 8, Cnut 31, Harald Harefoot 10, Hardeknut 2, Edward the Confessor 22. The hoard must have been deposited about the years 1060 1070, and comprised, besides tlie coins, several silver rings and coins. Altogether 422 coins; apart from those already specified, there were 1 Norwegian, 63

—

Danish, 108

German

coins; the rest not determined.

Rygh 1. c, p. 122; Brogger: Et myntfunn fra FoMoen i Ryfylke, NoTge, Fra det lite arhundi-edie, Aarboiger 1910, pp. 240, 244, 254; C. Holmboe: Videnskabsselskapets ForhandliMger 1868, pp. 194 ff Ab. 1867, p. 50, no. 68; Grieg 1. c, pp. 212—213. Literature:

;

Bo, parish of Krodsherad, pgd. of Sigdal, Busk. (C. 7547 a). 1 Anglo-Saxon and 6 Prankish coins. The Anglo-Saxon coin is struck for 8.

—

Ceonwulf of Mercia (796 819); of the Frankish coins 1 is struck during the reign of Charles the Great, 5 uinider Louis the Pious. In Norway they were used as personal ornaments, like the Hon coins; but the coins from B0, have preserved no loops, but are pierced; 2 of them, however, show remains of bronze loops. These coinis belong to a oonsiderable find, in a woman's grave, which is probably from the middle of the 9th century (See Ab. 1875, pp. 89 90; see

—

Coins of Western Europe from the

Rygh:

also 0.

Norske

Mynitfuond' fra

Viking Period

147

det nienide Aarhimdrede, Christiainia

—

1876 no. 10, pp. 1 3. Literature: Ab. 1875, p. 89, no. 118 a; A.W. Brogger: Angelsaksi&ke myn37. ter fra VIII og IX arhimidredie, pp. 336

Videnistkiabsiselskaibs For'baindliinigier

—

9.

Helgelandsmoen, parish and pgd.

7 Anglo-Saxon coins,

viz.

—

of Hole, Busk.

(C. 17126

—30).

Edward the Conmore than one half

for Etbelred (1), Cnut (2),

were altogether about 200 coins, a little Besides the them Norwegian, the rest mostly German, only 15 Danish. silver, such ais 3 complete coins there were also some personal ornament of armlets and quite a number of fragments. The hoard is supposed to have been deposited about the year 1060. fessor (4). Tliere

—

of

Literature:

L. B. Stenersen:

Om

et mynrtfund fra HeLge'lanid

i

Hole, Kri-

stiania Videnskabsselskabs Skrifter 1895, no. 3; Ab. 1892, p. 91, no. 83; Grieg 1.

211—212.

c, pp. 10.

Trden, parish and pgd. of Rollag, Busk (C. 21858). all of them struck for Etbelred.

10 Anglo-Saxon coins, prised, in

all,

Danish, 104

128 silver coins, among them also 11 Cufic,

German

silver ornaments,

coins.

above

The hoard com1

Byzantine, 2

Besides the coins, there were a great number of

all rings

and parts of

rings.

Deposited about the year 1000. Literature: L. B. Stenersen: Myntfunnet fra Traen linger viet Sophus Bugges minde; see also Oldtiden VI, Grieg 1. c, pp. 213—216.

i

Numedal, Avhand-

p. 284, no. 365; also

11. Eennesund, parish and pgd. of Solum, Tel. 29 Anglo :Saxon coins (Etbelred, Cnut, Alfred).

Found with 39 other Literature:

coins and 1 silver armlet. Aarboger 1877, pp. 123—124 (0. Rygh).

12. Vik, parish and pgd. of Fjcere, Aust-Agder. 2 Anglo-Saxon coins (Eanred, 808 840). Inlaid in leaden balance weights. From a man's grave of about 900.

—

Literature: Ab. 1876, pp. 128—129; illustrated figs. 31—32; 0. Rygh: Norske Myntfund fra det niende arhundrede, pp. 3 4; A. W. Brogger: Angelsaksisike myniter fra VIII og IX arhundrede, p. 339.

—

13.

Vegusdal, parish of Vegusdal, pgd. of Herefoss, Aust-Agder. y-2 Anglo-Saxon coins (Etbelred).

1 and

Found with charred bones in a grave mound, containing also a balance weight and an iron knife. Literature:

Oldtiden IX, p. 112, no. 29.

Coins of Western Europe from the Viking Period

148

14. Nomeland, parish and pgd. of Valle, Aust-Agder. Fragment of Anglo-Saxon silver coin. Man's grave from the end of the Viking period.

Literature:

15.

Ab. 1895,

p.

222, no.. 77

o.

Between Presthus and Midbo, parish

B.

5207

0.

of Spangereid, pgd. of

Sor-Audne-

Vest-Agder.

dal,

1

Prankish coin (Louis the Pious) and 4 indeterminable coins. earlier Viking period.

Woman's grave from the Literature:

16.

Ab. 1879,

p. 43.

Arstad, parish and pgd. of Egersund, Rog.

—

—

1 struck for Eadgar (958 975); 1 for 842 Anglo-Saxon coins, vis. Edward II the Martyr (975—979); 96 for Ethelred, 513 for Cnut, 10 barbaric, 3 Irish. The remaining Anglo-Saxon coins are indeterminate. Foimd were also 4 French coins, viz. 2 for Theoderik (one of them probably King Theoderik more likely for one of the several bishops of the (727 41), the other name of Theoderik), 1 for Louis the Pious, 1 for Charles (the Stout?).

—

—

—

Altogether there were found as

many

as about 1650 coins; of those not

already mentiomed there were 630 German, 6 Swedish, 74 Danish, 1 Bohemian, 3 Cufic, 1 Italian, and 3 Byzantine coins. Besides the coins, a great

number

of persomial ornamisnts and fragments of such ornaments, a round brooch

(Rygh 667) being one of them. The hoard is supposed to have been deposited about 1030. Literature: 0. Rygh: Aarboger 1877, p. 125; C. A. Holmboe: Mynter fra Middielalderen, fundet ved Egersund, see Urda I, pp. 329 368; Grieg I.e., pp. 218—219.

—

Hdrr, parish of Varhaug, pgd. of Ed, Rog. 246 Anglo-Saxon coins and 4 Irish do. (Ethelred, Cnut, and Sigtrygg). And besides these, 140 German, 9 Arabian coins. Further, a small silver crucifix, a complete silver ring, and several fragments of such rings. 17.

The hoard

have been deposited about 1025. SoMunidet fra Harr, Bergens Museums Arbolv see also Grieg 1. c, pp. 219—221.

Literature:

1896 no. 15; 18.

is

supposed

to

G. Gustafson:

Reve, parish of Bore, pgd. of Klepp, Rog.

Anglo-Saxon coin (Eadgar). Foimd with 4 Cufic and 9 German coins. Literature: Aarboger 1877, p. 125; 0. Rygh: Norge,

p. 125.

Om

dien ynigre jernaldier

i

Coins of Western Europe from the Viking Period 19.

149

Bore, parish of Bore, pgd. of Klepp, Rog. WO Anglo-Saxon coins (Ethelred) and Irish (Sigtrygg). In the

About

same

fragments of silver rings. Supposed to have been deposited about 1010.

find, also,

Literature:

20.

0.

Rygh

1.

c, p. 126.

Tjore, parish of Sola, pgd. of Hdland, Rog. silver coins (Ethelred)

More than 260 Anglo-Saxon

and 6

Irish

do.

(Sigtrygg).

Found with

1 Danis.h, 1 Byzantine,

have been deposited

and 14 Germaini

Supposed

coins.

to

in 1017.

Rygh

c, p. 126; C. Schive: Fortegnelse over mynter fra Aret 1866 ved et sted kaldet Hammeren pa Huusmandspladsen Sletheids Grund under Garden Thjore i Halands Praestegjseld pa Jaederen. Christiania Videniskiabsiselsikiabs Forhandlinger 1869, pp. 87 ff see also Gustafson 1. c, pp. 32 ff.

Literature:

0.

middelalderen fundet

1.

i

Probably Jceren, Rog. 2 Anglo-Saxon and 3 Prankish silver coins. The formier are from Mercia, struck for the Kings Ceonwulf (796—819) and Caolwufl (819—821); of the latter one is struck for Charles the Great, one is an imitation of a Dorestad coin, and one is struck for Louis the Pious. 21.

Literature: 0. Rygh, p. 126; see also Rygh in Christiainia Videnskabsselskabs Forhamidliniger 1876, p. 8; A. W. Brogger: Angelsaksiske Mynter fra VIII og IX Arhundrede, pp. 6 7.

—

Foldoy, parish and pgd. of Jelsa, Rog. (St. 3400). viz. for Ethelred (7), Cnut (35), Harold I (11), Hardeknut (3), Edward the Confessor (79), and 1 Irish coin. They belong to a hoard containing 776 coins and some personal ornaments of silver, 22.

135 Anglo-Saxon coins,

—

—

complete amd brokem rings (See Grieg the find also the following coims:

1.

c, pp. 221

—223). —

There are

in

4 Norwegian, 99 Danish, 533 German, 1

Bohemian, and 3 Cufic. The find must have been deposited about 1055. A. W. Brogger: Et myntfunn fra Foldoen Ryfylke Norge XI Arhundrede, Aarboger for Nordiisk Oldkyndighet 1910, pp. 239—282.

Literature: fra

i

Josang, parish of Bokn, pgd. of Tysvwr, Rog. (St. 4398). 160 Anglo-Saxon coins, and 34 fragments. The coins are

i

23.

Edward

II (1)

struck

and for Ethelred (140), and 9 are barbaric imitations.

for

Coins of Western Europe from the

150

Found with 155 German

coins

Viking Period

and one half of a Cufic do. Deposited about

the years 1017—18.

Jan Petersen: Et nytt sertvmyntfunin fra Roigaland, Stavanger Museiims Arshefte 1924 25, pp. 1 16. Literature:

—

—

and pgd. of Suldal, Bog. A couple of Anglo-Saxon coins (Ethelred). Found with a Thor's-hammer and a silver ring. 24.

Brdtveit, parish

Literature:

25.

N. F., p. 333.

Veke, parish of Vangen, pgd. of Voss, Hord.

Anglo-Saxon coin (Offa, 757—796). Founid in a womian's grave from the 10th century. Literature: H. Shetelig: A Coin of Offa in a Norwegian Grave, British Numismatic Journal, Vol. V 1909 and Bergenis Museums Arbok 1909 no. 14, pp. 24 f A. W. Bregger: Angielsaksiske mynter i VIII og IX Arhundrede, pp. 340—41. 1

;

26.

Ervik, parish of Hove, pgd. of Selje, S. og Fj.

1 'Northumbrian styca,

— a presumbably

of Eadberth and Eagberth

Literature: 1876, p. 9; A.

27.

0.

Rygh

unknown

variaint of the coinage

from 750.

in

Christiania

Videniskabsselskabs Forhandlinger

W. Brogger: NorSke Mynter VIII og IX Arhundrede, i

p.

—

342

43.

Lyslo, parish and pgd. of Innviken, S. og Fj.

1 Prankish coin (Charles the Great).

Literature:

0.

Rygh:

Om

den, yngre jernalder

i

Norge, Aarboger 1877,

p. 127.

28. Gjerde, parish and pgd. of Hylestad, S. og Fj. About 26 Anglo-Saxon coins (Ethelred and Cnut). Found with about 30 German coins and 1 Cufic do. Literature: 0. Rygh in Aarboger 1877, p. 127; C. Holmboe: Bemerkninger angaende to sma myntfunn, Christiania Videnskabsaelskabs Forhandlinger 1805, pp. 316—318.

Nesboen, parish of Kleive, pgd. of Bolsoy, More. 272 Anglo-Saxon coins, viz. for Ethelred (91), Cnut (168) 5 barbaric imitations, anid 3 Irish coins. Found with 119 German, 1 Norwegian, 1 Russian, and 2 Cufic coins; and besides these coins, five smiall fragments of a round silver brooch, and a silver ingot. 29.

—

Coins of Western Europe from the Viking Period

Supposed

to

have been deposited about 1030. Myntfundet fra Nesbo, Eergens Museums Arand Bergens Museiuns Arbok 1896 no. 15, p. 30, Tillseg til

G. Gustafson:

Literature:

bok 1891 no.

151

7,

Neisbofundet; G7ieg

1.

—

c, pp. 224

225.

Fiskd, parish and pgd. of Vanylven, More. hoard ooosistinig of 22 complete coins and half a score of fragments of

80.

A

—

viz. 1 for Eadgar, and all them struck for Ethelred. All the other coins are German or Cufic. Literature: Rygh: Om den yngre jemalder i Norge, Arbager 1877, pp. 127—128.

Of these the miajority are Anglo-Saxon,

ooins.

the rest of

31.

Vitso, parish

and pgd.

of

Hemne,

S. T.

which not a few are Anglo-Saxon (coins A hoard of more than 30 of Ethelred). Besides these, some German, 2 Swedish, and 1 Cufic coins. Also bits of smooth and twisted silver wire. Deposited about 1020—1030. Literature: 0. Rygh 1. c, p. 128; Grieg 1. c, pp. 225—227. coins, of

32.

1

The choir

of the 'Nidaros Cathedral,

Trondheim.

Anglo-Saxon silver coin (Cnut).

Literature:

Rygh

1.

c, p. 128.

Moksnes, parish and pgd. of Frosta, N. F. 1 Frankish silver coin (Charles the Great). Found in 1838 in a grave-mound with a sword and some glass beads (Trondheims Museum T. 17—24). 33.

Literature: 34.

Rygh

1.

c, p. 129.

Kttldal, parish of As, pgd. of Breitstaden,

JV.

T.

40 Anglo-Saxon coins (Ethelred) and 3 Frankish do. (Charles the Great), found with 1 Cufic and nearly 200 German coins. With these also silver objects, cut up into pieces, among which are scabbard mountings. Deposited about 1025. Literature: Rygh 1. c, p. 128; B. Hartmann og Th. Petersen: De kufiske myntfunn fra Holte, Orkedalen og Herten, Alstadhaug, T. V. S. S. 1916 no. 9, p. 25;

Grieg

1.

c, p. 227.

Sand, parish of Stiklestad, pgd. of Verdalen, N. T. 30 Anglo-Saxon coins of Ethelred, and one Irish coin (Sigtrygg). Found with 48 German, 3 Cufic, and 1 Swedish coins. 35.

Deposited about 1020.

Viking Period

Coins of Western Europe from the

152

Literature:

T. V. S. S. 1881, pp.

73—76; 1899

Hartmann: Myntfundet fra Sand Verdialen, 1899 om Myntfundet fra Sand, 1907 no. 10. i

no.

7,

and 1907 no.

no. 6, anid

Ny

10; B.

MetMe-lelse

Mindnes, parish and pgd. of Tjotta, Nordl. A great many coins, among which some are Anglo-Saxon (Ethelred). Said to have been found with silver rings. The find has now disappeared.

36.

Literature:

Rygh

1.

c, p. 129.

Renvik, parish and pgd. of Bodin, 'Nordl. 2 complete Anglo-Saxon coins and 3 fragments of do. The two complete specimens were struck under Eadmund (914 946). Literature: 0. Nicolaissen: Solvfuinnet fra Ronvik, Tromso Museums Ars37.

—

hefte 1919 no.

1,

pp.

1—44.

Hdkoy, Skjervey, Trom^. 6 Anglo-Saxon coins (Ethelred and Cnut). Three of these coins are attached to either of two flat silver ear-pendants. necklet, penanFound with several personal ornaments of silver, viz. nular brooch, finger-ring, chain, and crucifix. Literature: A. W. Brogger: Haloygenes BjaTmelandisferder, Festskrift 88.

—

til

rektor

J.

Qvigstad; Tromse

see also Grieg 39.

1.

c,

Museums

skrifter. Vol. II,

Oslo 1928, pp.27

ff;

—229.

pp. 228

Jaeren, Bog.

Small hoard of coins including 2 Anglo-Saxon (Coenwulf and Coelwulf) and 3 Oarolingian (1: Charlema'gine, 1: imitaition of Charlemagnie's larger Dorostad coinage, and 1: Louis le De'banmiaire). These 5 only are preserved. Date of the dfeposit shortly aifter 870 A. D.

No

report of the discovery.

Literature:

himdrede

i

A. W. Brogger:

Nordeni.

Angelsaksiske miynter fra VITI og IX aarrekke 5, bind 1 (1912), p. 339 40.

Historisk Tidisskrift,

—

V.

Balance Scales of Bronze, probably from Western Europe

BALANCE SCALES OF BRONZE, PROBABLY FROM

WESTERN EUROPE. Haugen, parish and pgd. of Rolvsoy, 0stf. (C. 4190). Fragments of two balance scales, decorated with delicately engraved 1.

geometrical ornamentatioin. Diaimeter of scales 7 cms. Found with 10 weights.

Man's grave from the 10th century. Ab. 1867, pp. 59—60, nios. 82 c—d; A. W. Brogger: RolvseyMuseums Arbok 1920—21, Historisk-Antikvarisk rekke 8&tten, Bergens Literature:

no. 1, p. 23. Valle, parish and pgd. of Tune, Ostf. (C. 17668). Balance with two scales, the latter 7 cms. across and with delicately enigraved geometrical ornamentation. Also two weights. Man's grave from the 10th century. Literature: Ab. 1894, p. 112, no. 22 a; Brogger 1. c, pp. 14—15,- illu2.

strated fig. 3.

3.

Holstad, parish and pgd. of As, Akh. (C. 958). of balance scales with engraved geometrical ornaments.

Fragments

Found

with a weight.

Man's grave; from the Viking period, but cannot be dated more accurately. Literature:

N. F., p. 40.

Huseby, parish of Blaker, pgd. of Aurskog, Akh. (C. 7862). Fragments of balance scale. A little uncertain what material it is made Mixed-up finds, probably from the 10th century. Literature: Ab. 1876, p. 74, no. 78 d. 4.

By, parish and pgd. of Loten, Hed. (C. 9550). Fragments of balance scales. Man's grave from the end of the 10th century. 5.

Literature:

Ab. 1879,

p. Ill, no.

35

uii.

of.

Balance Scales of Bronze, -probably from Western Europe

156

V. Engelhaug, parish and pgd. of Loten, Hed. (C. 10749 and 10752). Fragments of scales belonging to two different balances. No visible ornamentation on the scales. Man's grave from the end of the Viking period. Literature: Ab. 1881, pp. 75—76. 6.

Berg, parish and pgd. of

7.

Hurum, Busk. (Nationalmuseet, Kjobenhavn.

XXX a).

C. M.

Pair of scales, the scales decorated with delicately engraved ornaments. Diametier about 7 cms. (fig. 131).

Found with balance-weight having Literature:

Brogger:

a gilt Irish mounting (see 1 no. 13).

Nordisk Tidsiskrift for Oldkyndighet

p.

1,

403,

and A. W.

Ertog og 0re, Videniskabsselskabets skrifter, Historisik-Filosofisk

Klasse, no.

3, p. 24, Ostlo

1921;

illusitrateid fig. 9.

]V. Kaupang, parish and pgd. of Tjolling. Vestf. (C. 4232). Fragments of balance scales of the ordinary thin metal; but no ornaments

8.

now

visible.

Man's grave from the 10th century. Literature: Ab. 1867, p. 82, no. 907. JV. Kaupang, parish and pgd. of Tjolling, Vestf. Fragments of balance scales of the same kind

9.

fragments preserved.

No

(C. 4240).

metal.

of

Only small

visible ornamentation.

Man's grave from about 900. Literature: Ab. 1867, p. 83, no. 914. Dolven, parish and pgd. of Brunlanes, Vestf. (C. 5046). to have been kept in a case, which is likewise preserved. The scales, 6,4 cmis. across, haive delicately engraved geometrical 10.

Balance scales seen

omamentatioin.

—

This also appliies to the caise (fig. 132 a ^b). Man's grave from about 900. Literature: Ab. 1869, p. 95, no. 97; illustrated Rygh 476. Allum, parish and pgd. of Hedrum, Vestf. (C. 13478). Fragments of balance scales with delicately engraved ornamentation. 11.

Man's grave from the beginning of the 10th century. Ab. 1887, p. 68, no. 149.

Literature:

Odberg, parish of Kvarnes, pgd. of Hedrum, Vestf. (C. 13713). Small fragments of balance scales of the ordinary thin metal. No ornamentation visible now. 12.

Balance Scales of Bronze, probably from Western Europe

Fig. 131.

Berg, Huruiii parish, Busk.

Man's grave from the 10th century. Literature: Ab. 1887, p. 74, no. 218 13.

157

q.

Roligheden, parish and pgd. of Hedrum, Veslf. (C. 14138). of balance scales with finely engraved geometrical ornamen-

Fragments

Foumd with a weight. Man's grave from the 10th century. Literature: Ab. 1888, p. 129, no. 104

tation.

14.

1.

Bergan, parish and pgd. of Hedrum, Vestf. (C. 20133 s). of balance scales with delicately enigraved ornamentation. Found

Fragments

with 3 weights.

Man's grave from about 900. Literature: Ab. 1902, p. 335, no. 133

s.

158

Balance Scales of Bronze, probably from Western Europe

Fig. 132 a.

Dolven, Brunlanee parish, Vestf.

Balance Scales of Bronze, probably from Western Europe

Fig. 132 b.

159

Dolven, Brunlanes parish, Vestf.

Bruland, parish of Moland, pgd. of Fyresdal, Tel. (C. 18442). Bronze pair of scales, with chain and case. The scales measiire 6,5 cms. across; they are provided with delicately engraved geometrical ornamentation. 15.

Probably from a man's grave dating from the Literature: Ab. 1896, p. 73, no. 70 a.

lOtli

century.

Sdem, parish of Dal, pgd. of Tinn, Tel. (C. 21211 h). Fragments of pair of scales of the ordinary thin metal. Found with two 16.

weights.

Man's grave from the 10th century. Literature: 17.

Scevli,

Fragments

Oldtiden VI,

p. 138, no.

99 h.

parish and pgd. of Fjcere, Aust-Agder. (C. 8273). one of which is complete 6,5 cms. across

of pair of scales,

with delicately engraved geometrical ornamentation.

The

—

Found with 8

—

weights.

from the Viking period, but camnot be more accurately dated. Neither it is possible to determine the sex of the owner. Literature: Ab. 1877, p. 257, no. 60; see A. W. Brogger: Ertog og 0re, and p. 12, fig. 5. p. 9, fig. 4, find

is

—

Fjcere, parish and pgd. of Fjcere, Aust-Agder. (C. 8283). Remains of balance scales with delicately engraved ornamentation, Also remains of case. 18.

Balance Scales of Bronze, probably from Western Europe

160

Man's grave, probably from the 10th century. Literature: Ab. 1877, p. 259, mo. 69 e. 19.

Rokleiv, parish of Landvig, pgd. of Hommedal, Aust-Agder. (C. 13958). of balance scale, with delicately engraved omamentation.

Lower portion

Man's grave from the later half of the 9th Literature: Ab. 1888, p. 114, no. 10 i. 20.

Loland, parish

of

Vigmostad,

pgd.

cenitury.

of

Nord-Audnedal,

Vest-Agder.

(C. 19372).

Fragments of balance scale of the ordinary fine, thin metal. Found with balance-beam and 2 weights. Mixed find probably from the later part of the Viking period. Literature: Ab. 1898, p. 108, no. 170 1.

—

Jdtten, parish and pgd. of Hetland, Rog. (B. 4772 a e). Pair of scales of tin-coated bronze, the scales extremely well preserved, with delicately engraved geometrical ornamentaticn on the insides; they measure 7,3 cms. lacross. The case which is also preserved, has Irish orna21.

mentation (see

I

28)

(fig.

133).

Found with 8 leaden weights

a small linen bag, two round pieces of

in

coarse cloth, and a bronze penannular brooch. Literature: ger:

Ab. 1891,

Ertog og 0re,

p. 134, nos.

p. 13, fig.

—

33 a

6 a; p. 14,

e; illustrated fig. 12;

fig.

6 b, and

A.

W. Breg-

p. 15, fig. 7.

Hdland, parish of Sandeid, pgd. of Vikedal, Rog. (St. 1983). Fragments of balance scales of tin-coated bronze, the omamentation invisible. Found with two weights. Man's grave from the 10th century. Literature: Ab. 1897, p. 95, no. 5d. 22.

now

Vambeim, parish and pgd. of Ulvik, Hord. (B. 486). Small fragments of balance scales with delicately engraved ornaments. Man's grave, probably from the 10th century. Literature: Lorange: Norsike Olidsiaiger i Bengens Museum^ pp. 151 152.

23.

—

24.

Hellebost, parish of Vik, pgd. of Gaular, S. og Fj.

(B. 485).

Bronze balance scale, of the thin, fine metal; 6,5 cmis. across. Man's grave, probably from about 900 or the beginning of the 10th century. Literature: Lorange 1. c, pp. 184 185.

—

Balance Scales of Bronze, probably from Western Europe

Fig. 133.

11

— Viking

Antiquities V.

.Jitten,

Hetland parish, Rog.

161

Balance Scales of Bronze, probably from Western Europe

162

Bo, parish of Breim, pgd. of Gloppen, S. og Fj. (B. 3081). Balance with complete scales, which are smoolh without ormaments; they meaisure about 8 cms. across, which makes it doubtful whether this balance is of Western provenance. 25.

Man's grave from the 9th century, that century.

Literature:

26.

Ab. 1875, pp. 53

miost likely

from the earlier half of

—

54, no. 18 a.

Be, parish of Nedstrijn, pgd. of Stryn, S. og Fj. (B. 4297 c). couple of engraved lines. Otherwise

Balance scale, 7,5 cms. across.

A

doubtful.

Found with

a spear-head from the earlier Viking period.

Literature:

Ab. 1884,

p. 100, no.

56

c.

Hopperstad, parish and pgd. of Vik, S. og Fj. (B. 4511 h). Pair of scales of tin-coated bronze, well preserved. The scales measure 7,7 cms. across, and aire decorated with delicately engraved geometrical ornaments, a rosette ornament on the inside of the bottom. Found with 2 Irish weights (I 63) amd 3 other weights in a woman's grave 27.

from the 10th century, with rich grave furniture. Literature: Ab. 1887, pp. 122—28, no. 70 h. Myklebostad, parish and pgd. of Eid, S. og F). (B. 5730 o). of balance scales of tin-coated bronze, with delicately engraved ornamentation. 28.

Fragments

Man's grave from the 10th century. Bergeos Museums Arbok 1903, no. 3, p. 6, no. 10 o; see also Bergens Museums Arbok 1905, no. 7, pp. 2—16, Haakon Shetelig: Gravene ved Myklebostad pa Nordfjordeid. Literature:

29.

Gloppestad, parish of Vereide, pgd. of Gloppen,

S.

og Fj. (B. 4844 k).

Pair of scales of tin-coated bronze. The case, which measures from 7 to 7,5 cms. across, has finely engraved geometricail omameinitation, with a three-

The lid too had once similar have measured about 6 cms. across. Found with a bronze bowl mentioned above (II 39). These objects were found in a man's grave from the 10th century.

lobed ornament on the inside of the bottom. ornamentation.

Literature:

30.

Tlie scales are seen to

Ab. 1892,

p. 108, no.

Ik.

Bygstad, parish of Bygstad, pgd. of Gaular, S. og Fj. (B. 6356 1— m). of balance scales. They were found wrapped up in felt in a small

Remains

Balance Scales of Bronze, probably from Western Europe

163

Fig. 134. T01U10I,

Nes parish, Bjugn,

S.

T.

wooden box. The scales are decorated inside with a delicately engrav^ed line A leaden pattern. They may be seen to have measured 7 cms. across. balance-weight coated with tinned bronze, too, is undoubtedly of Western

—

provenianoe.

It is illuistrated

in V. J. G., p. 218, fig. 513.

The objects were foiuid in a main's grave from the Vikinig period. Cannot be date
—

—

Sande, parish of Gjemmestad, pgd. of Gloppen, S. og Fj. (B. 6538 g). Fragments of balance scales, of the thin tin-coated bronze. Found with now two weights of leajd, one of which is seen to have had a piece of bronze 31.

—

gone inlaid into it. Man's grave from about 900. Literature: Oldtiden II, Bergens Museums Tilvekst 1911,

—

p. 21, no.

21

g.

Balance Scales of Bronze, probably from Western Europe

164

Bo, parish of Breim, pgd. of Gloppen, S. og Scorched fragments of bronze pair of scales.

32.

Fj.

(B. 68881).

No ornameiitation now

visible.

A

grave

fimid

from the 9th century. The sex

of the

owner cannot now

be ascertained. Oldtiden V, Bergens

Literature:

33.

Museums

Tilvekst 1913, p. 13, no. 21

Giske, parish and pgd. of Borgund, More. (B. 677). of pair of scales of the tinny bronze, probably of Western

Fragments provenance.

from the earlier Viking period (the 9th century). The sex of the original owner cannot be ascertained. In a grave find probably

Lorange

Literature:

1.

diatiinig

c, p. 18.

Hovin, parish of Hof, pgd. of Sunndal, More. (T. 8270). Fragments of scales of fine thin bronze. No omaiments now to be seen. From the siame mixed find from the Viking period, comprising also a 34.

sword

that

is

undoubtedly of English provenance

Literature:

35.

T. V. S. S. 1907, no. 9, p.

(III. 31).

26, no. 76 u.

Gravrdk, parish and pgd. of Melhus,

S. T.

(T. 456).

Fragments of scales of the fine thin bronze. Ornamentation now Man's grave from the 9th century. Literature:

invisible.

N. F., p. 588.

Tonnol, parish of Nes pgd. of Bjugn, S. T. (T. 1047). Pair of scales and case, with delicately engraved geometrical

36.

Very well preserved (fig. 134). Man's grave from the 10th century. The

omamen-

tatiom.

Literature:

and

Ab. 1872,

p. 61, no. 61;

firad

alsio contaiins

Brogger: ErtOg

oig

2 weights.

0re, p. 85,

fig. 41.

p. 86, fig. 42.

37.

Ryeyn, parish and pgd. of Vikna, N. T.

Fragments

of scale of tin-ooated

(C. 1740 b). bronze with delicately engraved orna-

mentation.

Found with a balance. Possibly from a woman's grave dating from century. Literature:

N. F., p. 670.

the later half of the 9th

Balance Scales of Bronze, probablii from Western Europe

165

Fig. 135.

06tbor§,

Levanger parish, N. T.

—

Ostborg, parish and pgd. of Levanger, N. T. (T. 265 266). Lid of case for pair of scales, decorated with delicately enigraved gsome-

38.

trical

ornamentation. The

lid

measures

menits of one scale,

—

or orae of the scaleis

(fig. 135).

7,3 cm. across.

There are also frag-

with similar omamenjtation either on the case

itself

in a woman's grave from the 9th century. Bygh: Katalog K. over Det kongelige norske Videnskabemes Sel&kabs oldlsaigisamling, 1891, p. 39; see also N. F., p. 630.

These objects were found Literature:

Moksnes, parish of V ernes, pgd. of Nedre Stjordal, N. T. (T. 14431 n). Fragments of pair of scales of bronze, of the type Bygh 476. From man's grave, towardjs 900. Literature: T. V. S. S., Oldsaksamlingens TLlvekst 1931, p. 29, no. 109 a.

39.

40.

Voll, parish of Banevi, pgd. of Overhalla, N. T.

(T. 1187).

Remains of scales with delicately enigraved ornamentation. Besides these, remains of leather used instead of a case. In the find was also a leaden weight.

These objects were found in a man's grave from the 10th century. Literature: Ab. 1873, p. 42, no. 33 h.

Balance Scales of Bronze, probably from Western Europe

166

Bjornes, parish of Ranem, pgd. of Overhalla, N. T. (T. 1293). Fragments of scales of the fine thin metal, with delicately engraved omamention. Also a leaden weight in the find. Man's grave from the Viking period, not to be dated miore accurately. Literature: Ab. 1874, pp. 47—48, no. 24. 41.

Anstad, parish and pgd. of Sortland, Nordl. (Ts. 757). Fragments of scale of tin-coated bronze, with delicately engraved linear 42.

ornaments.

Woman's grave from Literature:

0.

the 10th century.

Nicolaissen:

Katalog over Oldsager

i

Tromso Museum,

p. 84.

43.

Ljones, parish and pgd. of Skjerstad, Nordl. (Ts. 1404). of scale of tin-coated bronze with finely engraved ornaments.

Fragments

Man's grave from the Viking period. Literature:

44.

Nicolaissen

Kjelling, parish

1.

c, p. 167.

and pgd.

of Gildeskdl, Nordl.

Two

(Ts. 2367).

bronze scales, one of them complete. Jvfo ornamentation discernible; but the scales, all the same, probably belong to the Western group of

Measures across 6,5 cms. Man's grave from about 900.

antiquities.

Literature:

Oldtiden, vol. VIII, p. 259, no. 3

c.

VT.

Drinking-Horn Mountings apart from those shaped Hke Animals' Heads.

DRINKING-HORN MOUNTINGS APART FROM THOSE SHAPED LIKE ANIMALS' HEADS. 1.

Lund, parish of Skjee, pgd. of Stokke, Vestf. (C. 6069). of tin-coated bronze, probably belongmg to the mouthmounting

Fragments

of a drinkinig-liom.

Found

in a grave

mound

grave there was, besides Literature: Ab. 1872,

cemetery from the Viking period. Im the only found a slate hone.

in a

this,

p. 120, no. 8.

Gjonnes, parish and pgd. of Hedrum, Vestf. (C. 20163 f). Terminal and mouth mountings of tin-coated bronze. The terminal mounting is 6,5 cms. long; it consists of a long narrow socket with a massive spherical knob at its extreme end. The mouth mounting has a thickened outside edge; its diameter 6 anid 5,2 cmis. acrcss, 1 cm. wide (fig. 136 a b). Thesie objects were found in a woman's grave from the Viking period; caninot be dated more accurately. Literature: Ab. 1902, pp. 342—43, no. 163 f illustrated p. 343, figs. 6—7. 2.

—

;

3.

Rokleiv, parish of Landvig, pgd. of Hommedal, Aust-Agder. (C. 13959). of tin-coated bronze for drinking-horn; its extreme edge

Mouth mounting benit

outward. 4 cms. across.

Man's grave from the later half of the 9th century (See Literature: Ab. 1888, p. 114, no. 102.

V

18).

Gausel, parish and pgd. of Hetland, Hog. (B. 4233 q). terminal mountings of drinking-horns; of tin-coated bronze cms. long, either having two engraved limes encircling the horns below the 4,8 mouths. At the bottom there is a circular plate, pieroed in the middle 4.

Two uniform

(fig.

137).

Woman's graive from Literature:

the later half of the 9th century (see

Ab. 1883,

p. 75, no.

54

q.

I,

28 and

II,

17).

Drinking-Horn Mountings

170

Fig. 136 a.

Gjonnes, Hedruni parish, Veetf.

Fig. 136 b.

Gjonnes,

Hednmi

parish, Veslt.

Bryn, parish of Vangen, pgd. of Voss, Hord. (B. 3987 q). Terminal mounting of drinking-horn; of tin-coiated bronze; 7,5 cms. in diameiter, and 3,6 cms. wide. Grave from the Viking period, containing objects belonging to botli sexes 5.

(see II 28). Literature:

Ab. 1882,

p. 96, no. 1 q.

Hyrt, parish of Vinje, pgd. of Vossestrand, Hord. (B. 4864 e). Mouth- and terminal mounting of drinking-horn. Tlie mioulli mounting, which measures 7,5 amid 6,5 cms. in diameter, has two sunk lines inside the 6.

outer edge.

an

The terminal moimting

is

masisive with a spherical knob, and

octagomial socket; 3,5 cmis. in length (fig. 138).

These objects are from a double burial, dating from the 10;h century. Literature: Ab. 1872, pp. 113—114, no. 21 e; illuistraited fig. 11. Hove, parish and pgd. of Vik, S. og Fj. (B. 5551 g). Fragmentary bronze motith mounting of drinking-horn. It consisted originally of two cylindrical casings, adaptable to the outside and inside respectively. The outside casing is tin-coiated and decorated with ribbon interlacing delicately engraved in a very simple pattern. Diameter of the 7.

Drink ing-Hom Mountings

171

fflK^"^-**-

Fig.

Gausel,

137.

Hetland parish, Rog.

Hyrt, Vinje parish,

Fig. 138.

Voeseetrand, Hord.

casings 7,5 and 7,2 cms. respectively.

The

terminial mounting,

shaped like an

been mentioned already (see I 66). Neither the exact date nor the sex of the original owner can> be ascertained. Literature: Bergens Museums Arbok 1904 no. 6, p. 34, no. 45 g.

animal 's

heaid, hais

Huseby, parish of Borseskogn, pgd. of Borsa, S. T. (T. 8533). Terminal mounting of drinking-horn. It consists of a socket tapering to a masisdve spherical knob at the extreme end. Length 3,3 cms. Its upper end 8.

is

pierced for a rivet. Woman's grave from the later half of the 9th century. Literature: 9.

T. V. S. S. 1908 no. 14, pp.

Ryem, parish and pgd.

Two mouth mountings

12—13,

of Vikna, N. T.

no. 21 k.

(C. 4032).

of the thin fine bronze that

is

probably from

Western Europe. Diameter 8,5 by 7 cms. Woman's grave from the 10th century. Literature: 10.

Ab. 1867,

p. 39, no. 28.

Island, parish and pgd. of Frosta, N. T. (T. 968).

Fragment

mounting of drinking-horn; consists of a short cylinwidth 1,7 cms., with engraved lines at both ends. The cylinder tapers off somewhat towards one end, and now truncated a flatter portion extends from the narrower end. Found with a rattle of an early type, sihowing that the find must date from the earlier Viking period. Literature: Ab. 1872, pp. 56 57, no. 31. of terminal

der of tin-coated bronze,

—

2,5 cms. long, greatest

—

—

11.

Fasteraunet, parish of Skatval, pgd. of Nedre Stjordalen, N. T.

(T. 9591).

Mouth- and terminal mountings of a drinking-horn. The mouth mounting round the top edige, 1 cms. wfde. Below it is a flat cross, attached to one side. It is delicately decorated with engraved ribbon interis

a thin band, bent

Drin king-Horn Mountings

172 lacing and scrolls. in a solid ball. rouinid

— The terminal moimting

The handle

itself is

4 cms. in length, terminating decorated with three sunk groves running is

the horn.

These objects were found in a woman's grave from the 9th century (see I, where the dtinkiing-hom mounitings are described as Celtic).

also

Literature:

Omamiented

T. V. S. S. 1911, no. 5, pp. 6

Cedtiic

Bronze Object,

p.

26 anid

—

7,

fig.

no. 5 a; see also Boe:

An

15.

In cormection with these objects of tin-ooated bronze may also be mentioned C. 22596 d: fragments of small bronze box from Viken, parish and pgd. of Valle, Aust-Agder (unpublished).

VII.

Anglo-Saxon and Prankish Ornaments

ANGLO-SAXON AND FRANKISH ORNAMENTS. Fonbekk, parish and pgd. of Ullensaker, Akh. (C. 5797). Threefoil bronze brooch, gilt, with one lobe bent round; cast, richly decorated with acanthus. Between the lobes and the central portion there are cros'S-ribbons, decorated with rows of double concentric circles. Length across 1.

the lobes 11,2 cms. Wcmianii's

grave from the 10th century

Literature:

and likewise

in

(fig.

139).

Ab. 1870, pp. 80—81, nos. 6—7; illustrated

pi.

IV,

fig. 19,

—

Bernhard Salin: Studier i Omamentik, Antiquiarisk tidsskrilt fig. 45; and in Jan Petersen: Viikingetidenis Smykker, p. 95,

for Sverige, p. 82, fig. 85.

V ester en, parish and pgd. of Lunner, Opl. (C. 3630). Fragment of trefoil bronze brooch, gilt, with crossribbons between the lobes and the central panel (as in the preceding specimen), decorated with rows of dotted circles. Rudely executed, acanthus ornaments on the lobes. It may be a little doubttul whether this is a foireiign ornament (fig. 140). Literature: N. F., p. 758, and Sigurd Grieg: Hadelands eldste bosehiingshistorie, Det Norske Videnskapsakademis Skrifter 1925, p. 149, fig. 116. 2.

Nedre Hon, parish of Haug, pgd. of Ovre Eiker, Busk. (C. 724). Trefoil gold brooch. Weight 142,1 gr., length 10,8 cms. It has truncated lobes, and its upper side is provided with filigree ornamentation of delicate foliage in the Carolingian style (acanthus). The folige is framed by narrow 3.

ribbons, executed in niello.

Exquisite craftsmamship.

On

the back, a silver

weighing 13,2 gr. Hoard from about 900 (See C. A. Holmboe: En merkveerdig Samling av Smykker, for storstedelen av Guld og Mynter fra 8de og 9de arhundrede fundne i August Maned 1834 pk Garden Hoen Egers Prestegjeld i Agershus

pin,

i

Stift

i

Norge. Christiania 1835)

(fig. 141).

176

Anglo-Saxon and

Fig. 139.

F

r

an

k

i

s

h

Ornaments

Fonbekk, Ullensaker parish, Akh.

Fig. 140.

Veeteren, Lunne:

parish, Opl.

Anglo-Saxon and Prankish Ornaments

Fig. 141.

177

Hon, Haug parish, 0vre Eiker, Busk.

Literature: 0. Rygh: Norske Oldsager no. 770, and Sigtird Grieg: Vikinge-

tidems Skattefund, Universitetets Oldsaksamlings skrifter

see p. 183; see also Jan Petersen

1.

c, p. 95,

fig. 84.

II,

p.

187,

fig.

6,

^

Nedre Hon, parish of Haug, pgd. of Ovre Eiker, Busk. (C. 725). Gold finger-ring, 2,5 cms. in diameter, weighing 22 gr. The bezel is s(]iiare and decorated with geometrical ornaments and five small inlays of dark blue vitreous paste. The riinig has further three oblong panels filled with animal ornaments in the Trewhiddle style. Loosely attached to the ring, a small gold rod bent round in spiral form. flat and rather thick Belomgs to the same hoard as the preceding specimen (fig. 142). Literature: See Sigurd Grieg I.e., p. 184, and illustrated p. 188, fig. 7: see also Johs. Brondsted: Early English Orniamient, p. 149, fig. 125, and A. W. 4.

—

—

Brogger: Rolvsoysetten,

p. 18, fig. 8.

12

— Viking

Antiquities V.

178

Anglo-Saxon and Prankish Ornaments

Hon, Haug parieh, 0vre Eiker, Busk.

Fig. 142.

Fig. 143.

Fig.

144.

Krolien, Fjsere iparieh,

Aust-Agder.

Reimal, Flabygden parish, Lunde, Tel.

Anglo-Saxon and Frankish Ornaments Kaupang, parish and pgd.

5.

One of

Trefoil bronze brooch.

ween

the endis of the lobes

Narrow

(acanthus).

fillets

Woman's grave from

of Tielling, Vestf. (Arendals

is

the lobes is incomplete.

179

Museum no.

306).

The distance

bet-

Richly decorated with plant miotives

9 cms.

between the lobes and the middle portion.

the 10th century.

Literature: See Jan Petersen

1.

c, p. 95,

fig.

86; see also p. 97.

Reymdl, parish of Fldbygden, pgd. of Lunde, Tel. (C. 11414). Trefoil bronze brooch; a distance of 9,5 cms. between the extreme points of two lobes. Richly decorated with foliaige ornamieintation (vine?). Like the preceding specimeni, from a woman's grave dating from the 6.

10th century

(fig. 143).

Literature:

Ab. 1883,

p. 107, no. 57; illus
Kroken, parish and pgd. of Fjcere, Aust-Agder. (C. 2931). of very small silver mounting, with animal ornaments neatly executed in the Trewhididle style, showing the profiles of two collateral animal figures tumiing their heads away from each other. Length of friaigment 3 cms.: its greatest width 1,4 cms. FoxuTid with a cruciform brooch, beads, and a Caliph coin from 782 to 783 7.

Fragment

(fig.

144).

Literature:

8.

N. F., p. 246; see also A.

Loland, parish

of

Vigmostad,

W. Brogger:

pgd.

of

Rolv^soysetten, p. 19.

Nord-Audnedal,

Vest-Agder.

(C. 19366).

Tongue-shaped silver mounting, later used as brooch. Length 5,3 cms. flat portion, is surroundted by a bent-up edge frame filled

width 4 cms. The with

transverse

striations.

The

rest

tastefully

decorated

with

foliage

(acanthus).

Woman's grave from Literature:

Petersen 9.

1.

c,

the 10th cenitury

Ab. 1898, fig.

(fig.

145).

p. 106, no. 170 e; illustrated fig. 14; see also Jan

132.

Mosnes, parish of Fister, pgd. of HIelmeland, Hog.

(B. 4342).

Trefoil silver brooch decorated with leafed vimies on the front.

ments are

on a gold groimd, with gilding width 8 cms. Weight 76 gr.

Handed

silver

Tlie orna-

in all concavities.

Greatest

in alone (fig. 146).

Ab. 1885, pp. 81—82, no. 44; illustrated also H. Shetelig: Osebergfimnet III, p. 265, fig. 271. Literature:

figs.

22 a

—

c;

see

Anglo-Saxon and Prankish Ornaments

180

Fig. 149.

Fig. 145.

Dale, Dale parish, Fjaler, S. og Fj.

Lolaiid, Viigino-

etad iwnish, Nopd-Audnedal,

Vesl-Agder.

Fig. 147.

aslebo, Sandeid

parish, Vikedal, Rog.

Fig.

146.

Mosnes, Fisler

Hjelmeland, Rog.

Fig. 148.

Lunde, Vangeii parish, VoifS, Hord.

pariish,

Anglo-Saxon and Prankish Ornaments

Fig.

Fig.

151.

150.

Bjonke Churchyard, Hjorundfjord, More.

Ytterdal. Nordalen

parish, More.

Fig.

l.Vi.

Re, Stjordain parish, N. T.

181

Anglo-Saxon and Prankish Ornaments

182

Fig. 153.

Hoiseby, Borseskogn parish,

Borsa, S. T.

10.

Ostebo, parish of Sandeid, pgd. of Vikedal, Rog. (St. 2315 e). of very small silver terminal mounting, 3 cms. long, 1 cm. wide.

Fragment

The front has animal ornamentation executed in niello in the Trewhiddle style. Found in a gravemouind with a bridle and a knife (fig. 147). Literature: Staivangier Museums Arshefte 1900, p. 90, no. 70 e. Lunde, parish of Vangen, pgd. of Voss, Hord. (B. 2284). Fragment of decorated mounting of gilt bronze; only a portion 2,9 cms. long, 8 cms. wide, is preserved. It has at the outside a border fillet with ribbon interlacing, and inside that animal ornamentation. Presumably Anglo-Saxon workmianship from the 11th century. Noi associations for determining the diate (fig. 148). Literature: Ab. 1869, p. 45, no. 5. 11.

12. Dale, parish of Dale, pgd. of Fjaler, S. og Fj. (B. 5910 m). Small silver brooch formed as an oval plate. Lemgth 5,1 cms. Greatest width 2,8 cm. The front is entirely covered with foliage ornamentation

evidently meant to present vines.

Some

portions are

marked

off by

means

of stripes of niello.

Woman's grave from (fig.

the 10th cemtury.

Probably Prankish workmanship

149).

Bergens Museums Arbok 1905, no. and likewise in Jan Petersen 1. c, p.

Literature: strated fig. 3,

14, pp. 5

—

128,

138.

fig.

6, no.

3 m;

illu-

Anglo-Saxon and F r ank ish Ornaments

183

Fig. 154.

Slandal, Hjorundfjord parish, Mor'\

13. Bjorke Churchyard, parish and pgd. of Hjorundfjord, More. (B. 8256 b). Plaque of bronze, square, with shightly concave sides and rounded corners, the front strongly gilt, the back originally tin-coated, now covered by a greenish patina. The front is divided into compartments by a frame work, and the ground is filled up with varyiing forms of interlacings, symmetrically repeated. The four inner compartments around the central knot, and one in a comer, have each one animal figure. The style is that of Anglian art of 8th century, as stated by Reginald A. Smith, Archaeologia LXXIV, pp. 233 f. The piece, originally a miounting, was later adapted and worn as a pendant. From woman's grave early 9th century (fig. 150). Literature: Bengens Museumis Arbok 1932, mo. 5, p. 17, no. 38 b, fig. 3, 16 and Johs. Bee: The Antiquaris Journal. Vol. XII, p. 440. p. 14.

Ytterdal, parish

and pgd.

of Nordalen,

More. (B. 6371

a).

Oval silver brooch, 6 cms. long, 3,8 cms. wide. The front is covered with foliage ornamentation in relief, with traces of gilding and niello stripes. It is

probably a specimen of Prankish workmanship. Woman's grave, miost probably from the later half of the 9th century

(fig.

151).

Bergens Museums Arbok 1910 no. 11, 22; see Jan Petersen 1. c, p. 128, fig. 139.

Literature: strated

fig.

p. 33,

no. 51 a; illu-

Anglo-Saxon and Prankish Ornaments

184

Re, parish of Stjordalen, pgd. of Nedre Stjordalen, N. T. (T. 1680). now consisting of a portion 3,2 cms. long,

15.

Silver mounting, fragmentary,

Appareintly part of a larger object divided into panels. Only a portion of one of these panels is preserved. It is decorated with an animal according to the suppiosition of Sophus figure of considerable size, which shows Northumbrian style from the llth century. MUller 2.7 cms. wide.

—

—

Hanided in with ovaJ bronze brooch from the 9th century etc. (fig. 152). Literature: Ab. 1876, p. 86, no. 20; see Sophus MUller: Dyreornamentik-

ken

i

Norden, Aarboger 1880,

p. 340, fig. 67.

16. Huseby, parish of Berseskogn, pgd. of Borsa, S. T. (T. 8526). Trefoil silver mounting, with a distance of 6,4 cms. between the lobes.

The

front

is

decorated with acaimthus ornamentation, of undoubtedly Prankish lines on the stems; the leaves were once filled with niello,

Sunk

character.

only preserved in part. The object is seen to have been used as a pendant, as one of the lobes is perforated for suspension. Woman's graive; tho doubt from the later half of the 9th century (see VI 8)

which

is

now

(fig. 153).

Literature:

bergfunnet 17.

T. V. S. S. 1908 no. 14, p. 11, fig. 2; see also Shetelig: Ose-

III, p. 266,

fig.

272.

Standal, parish and pgd. of Hjorundfjord, More.

(B.

5623

a).

Eourul brooch of gilt bronze, measuring 6,5 cms. across. The front is decorated with a dense net of interlaced ribbonis^, and has besides 4 round

now empty,

one in the centre, the others arranged in a triangle farther out. The object is seen to have been adapted as a brooch, though this was not what it was meant for originally. Woman's grave from the 9th century (fig. 154). Literature: Bergens Museums Arbok 1904, no. 6, pp. 51 52, no. 217 a.

settings,

viz.

—

18.

Storsletten, parish

Bronze pendant, 7 cms. pierced

m

EiUesoy, pgd. of Lenvik, Troms.

(Ts. 1002).

in diameter, consisting of a circular

bronze plate

of

4 places; a flat narrow ring of quite poor workmanship

through one of the holes. Tlie front

is

is

inserted

divided into several panels by narrow,

Between these there is an ornamentation that is C. A. Nordman to be of Anglo-Saxon origin. In my book Vikingetidens Smykker " I have regarded this ornament as belonging to the Eastern Sphere of civilisation, while Johs. Brondsted has in

part groioved,

ribbons.

— no doubt correctly — supposed by

•

supposed

it

to be Scandimavian.

Literature: Ab. 1893, p. 134, mo.

Smykker, pp. 146—148;

I

1;

see also Jan Petersen: Vikingetidens

illustrated fig. 176.

VIII.

Silver Thistle Brooches.

SILVER THISTLE BROOCHES. 1.

Lahell, parish and pgd. of Lier, Busk.

Literature:

Grieg:

(C. 9262).

Vikingetidens skattefund,

p. 233, no. 45;

see illustra-

tion, fig. 50.

2.

Sendre Stokke, parish of Frogner, pgd. of Lier, Busk. (C. 12846).

Literature: Grieg

1.

c, p. 234, no. 46.

As, parish and pgd. of Sem, Vestf. Literature: Grieg 1. c, p. 236, no. 51.

8.

4.

Jceren, Rog.

Literature:

5.

(C. 11630).

(B. 3046).

Grieg

1.

c, p. 245, no. 78.

Rossden, parish and pgd. of Hjelmeland, Rog. Grieg 1. c, p. 243, no. 68.

(St.

4112).

Literature:

6.

Eovland, parish of Stole, pgd. of Etne, Hard. (B. 3700 Grieg 1. c, p. 246, no. 79.

a).

Literature:

7.

Sdrheim, parish of Breim, pgd. of Gloppen, Grieg 1. c, p. 250, no. 91.

S.

og Fj.

(B. 6675).

Literature:

8.

Vulu, parish and pgd. of Malvik, S. T.

Literature:

9.

Grieg

I.e., p.

(C. 2928).

256, no. 1041; illustrated fig. 62.

Grotmo, parish of As, pgd. of Beitstad, N. T. Grieg 1. c, p. 256, no. 106.

(T. 242).

Literature: 10.

Skagen, parish and pgd. of Hadsel, Nordl. (Ts. 1933). Grieg 1. c, p. 261, no. 115.

Literature: 11.

Ronvik, parish and pgd. of Bodin, Nordl. Grieg 1. c, p. 208, no. 12 b.

Literature:

(Ts. 2556).

IX.

Glass Goblets

GLASS GOBLETS. Borre, parish and pgd. of Borre, Vestf. (C. 1801). of glass goblet of dark brownisih colour with

1.

Fragments

The

goblet is seen to have measured about 18

—19

a)ppilieid

claws.

cms. in height, 8,5 cms.

across the mouth.

In a gravefind fnom the end of the 9th cenitury Literature:

W. Brogger:

A.

(fig. 155).

Borreftmidet og Vesitfoldkongemes graver,

Skrifter ulgitt av Videnskapsselskapet

i

Krisitiania 1916 no.

p. 5; illustrated

I,

p. 6, fig. 2.

Loland, parish of Vigmostad, pgd. of T^ord-Audnedal, Vest-Agder. (C. 19362). 2.

Goblet of blue glass, enriched, with threads of the same colour melted on Height 7,8 cms., widith across the bulge 12 cms. The goblet has a comparatively slender neck, but bulges considerably and is short, and has a very

to

it.

small foot.

Handed

in with

male and female furniture, dating, most

likely,

II 15;

from the

V

19 aind VII 8) (fig. 156). Literature: Ab. 1898, p. 104, no. 170 a; illustrated Brogger

10th cenitury (See

1.

c,

fig. 36.

Tu, parish and pgd. of Klepp, Rog. (C. 3615). Fragment of goblet of blue glass with applied threads forming a lozenge

8.

pattern.

In a find from the Migration times. Literature:

4.

N. F., p. 789

—90;

see Brogger

Bo, parish and pgd. of Torvastad, Rog.

Fragment

1.

c, p. 20.

(B.

5758

a).

of greenish glass, decorated with applied cords.

The form

of

may be supposed to class with Akerman: Remains of Pagan SaxonXXV, and with Roach Smith: Collectanea Antiqua II, pi. LI, figs. 1 — 3.

the goblet

dom

pi.

The

find belongs to the Viking period, but cannot be

Literature:

1902 no.

8, p. 8.

H. Shetelig:

En

more accurately dated. Museums Arbok

plyndret blitgrav, Bergens

192

Glass Goblets Fig. 155.

Borre, Borre parish, Vestf.

Fig. 156.

Leland, Vdgmostad paristi, Nord-Audnedal, Vest-Agder.

Glass Goblets

193

Fig. lo7.

Hopperstad,

Vik

paris'i,

og

S.

5.

Fj.

Trd, parish of Granvin, pgd. of Ulvik, Hord.

Neck

of bottle of greenish glass.

The fragment

(B.

6657

s).

6,5 cms. long,

is

wide across the mouth. Woman's grave from the 10th century (see II 31). Literature: OlditiJden III, Bergeps Museums Tilvekst 1912, Hopperstad, parish and pgd. of Vik,

6.

Two a)

S.

og Fj. (B. 4511

and 3 cms.

p. 46, mo.

f

68

s.

—

g).

glass goblets.

Goblet of white glass, measuring 8,5 cms. in height, 7 cms. in width is decorated with 11 vertical ribbons of yellow glass

across the bulge, which

with a tinge of greenish, ornamented so as to imitate twisted ribbons. Outside, round the neck, are two ribbons with many stripes, of yellow colour, while the edge is dark green

(fig.

157 a).

A

very small goblet, bottle-shapeid, of yellowish white glass; its height as well! ais its greatesit width iis 4,2 cms. (fig. 157 b). These two glass vessels were found in a woman's grave from the lOtli b)

century (see

II 38,

Literature: 7.

and

V

Ab. 1887,

26). p. 122, nos.

70

f—g;

illustrated figs.

Prestegdrden, parish and pgd. of Hadsel, Nordl. of glass vessel, of greenish glass.

23—24.

(Ts. 743).

Fragments

Posisibly of

western provenance.

(See also

I

110).

Literature: 0. Nicolaissen: Katalog over Oldsager 13 —

Viking AntiquiUes V.

i

Tromso Mus^eum,

p. 82.

X.

Penannular Brooches and ring-headed Pins, of British Origin

PENANNULAR BROOCHES AND RING-HEADED

PINS,

OF BRITISH ORIGIN. (C. 12428). 1. Nes, parish of Kvelde, pgd. of Hedrum, Vestf. Bronze ring-headed pin; the pin incomplete, its preserved portion 8 cms. lomig. On the ring are six small projections, two of these on either side of the pin-heiad. Diaimeter of ring 2,5 cms. The pin has fine stripe ornaments on the head, and transverse stripes in two places farther down. Mian's grave from about 900 (fig. 158).

Literature:

2.

Ab. 1885,

p. 24, no. 3 n.

Jarlsberg, parish and pgd. of Sem, Vestf. (C. 22441

r).

Ring of bronze ring-headed pin, measuring 1,8 cm. in diameter, with a enlargemient opposite the place where the pin was originally attached. Cp. E. C. R. Armstrong: Irish Bronze Pins of the Christian Period, Archaeo-

silight

enlargement on the pin from Jarlsberg however, simpler. Woman's grave from the 10th century.

logia, Vol. 72, pi. XIII, fig. 25; the is,

Literature:

Universitetets Oldsaksamling, Tilvekst 1919; Oldtiden B. IX,

p. 182,

3.

Koltjon, parish of Skafsd, pgd. of Mo, Tel.

(C. 12861).

Bronze ring-headed pin. On the ring are two gaping animals' heads holding in their mouths a segmental portion descorated with a delicately engraved lozenige pattern. In the middle of the segmental portion there is a narrow tenon-shaped enlargemient of the ring. Length of pin 10 cms., diameter of ring 3,4 cms.

Cannot be accurately Literature:

Ab. 1886,

diated (fig. 159). p. 92, no.

128 b; illustrated

fig.

17.

P

198

e

n

annul ar Brooches and ring-headed Pins

FJg. 159.

Fdg. 158.

Koltjan, Skafsa parish, Mo, Tel.

Nes, Kvelde parish, Hednini, Vestf.

(C. 20127 e). ring-headed pin. The ring had once three simple bronze of enlargeinents, of which, however, only the one at the top is preserved. The part of the pin preserved is 3,3 cms. long. Diameter of ring 1,4 and 1,7 cms. 4.

Kivle, parish and pgd. of Seljord, Tel.

Upper part

Probably from a man's grave, with cannot be accurately dated. Literature: Ab. 1902, p. 334, no. 127 e. Ferkingstad, parish of Ferkingstad, pgd. Skudenes, Rog. (St. 385). Ring of bronze ring-headed pin, 4,3 by 4 cms. in diameter. The terminals

5.

have great enlargements with rhomibic panels in the middle, open-work ornamentation on both sides. Cp. Reginald A. Smith: Irish Brooches of five Centuries, Archaeologia, Vol. 65,

pi.

XXVI,

the central figure at top.

Penannular Brooches and

r

i

n g

-

h e a de d

Pins

Acquired with a tortoise bnooch from the earlier Viking period Literature: Ab. 1878, p. 309, no. 385. 6.

Nedstrand, Rog.

(St.

199

(fig. 160).

1845).

Bronze ring-headed pin; length of pin 10 cms., diameter of ring about 2,5 cms. Opposite to the pin attachment the ring has an enlargement consisting and a small knob-shaped enlargement. now empty of a round setting

—

Acquired

—

single.

Literature:

Ab. 1893,

p. 172, no. 80.

Harestad, parish of Randeberg, pgd. of Hetland, Rog. (St. 2192 m). Ring of bronze ring-headed pin. Diameter 3,1 by 3 cms. The ring has a

7.

enlargement, in the middle a round setting and on either side of a round concavity. Found in a double burial from the 9th century. Literature: Stavanger Museums Arshefte 1899, p. 63, no. 25; illu-

tripartite it

strated fig

2.

Kvalbein, parish of Ogva, pgd. of Egersund, Rog. (St. 2349 i). Ring-headed pin of tin-coated bronze. Lengt'h of pin 10,4 cms., diameter of ring 3,5 by 3 cms. The ring has an enlargement oonisisting of two animals' heads biting a segmental middle portion, almost as in the ring-headed pin S. 12861 from Koltjon in Skafsa (no. 3), except that the middle portion of the speoimen from Kvalbein is unomamiented; illustrated in Jan Petersen: Vikingetidens Smykker, fig. 216. In a man's grave from the later half of the 9th century (fig. 161). Literature: Stavanger Museums Arshefte 1901, p. 98, no. 15 i. 8.

Bygnes, parish and pgd. of Avaldsnes, Rog. (St. 2980). Ring-headed pin of tin-coated bronze. The pin itself is 11,5 cms. long, the ring 3,4 cms. wide both ways. Like the preceding specimen, it has two animals' heads biting a middle portion, from which a small tenon juts out 9.

—

to either side.

Acquired

single.

Literature:

Stavanger

Museums Arshefte 1907

no. III, p. 22, no. 70.

Valheim, parish of Ardal, pgd. of Hjelmeland, Rog. (St. 3251 h). Fragment of ring-headed pin of tin-coated bronze. Of the pin itself a portion, 7 cms. in lenigth, is preserved; diameter of ring originally 3,3 cm/s., about one half of it missing. The remaining haif has two round enlargements 10.

placed side by side, either of them containinig a circular

flat

panel adorned

200

Penannular Brooches and ring-headed Pins Fig. 160.

Ferkmgstad, Ferkings'tad parish.

SJiudenes,

Rog.

Fig. 162.

Valheim, Ardal parish, Hjelmeland, Rog.

Fig. 163.

Eide, 0]en parish. Fjellberg,

Hord.

Fig. 161.

KvalbeLii, Ogiia parish,

Eigersund, Rog.

P

e n

annul ar Brooches and

r

i

ng

-

h e a de d

Fig. 164.

Sogn,

S.

og

Fj.

No

Pins

Fig. 165. locality.

T&rnes,

A

parish, Afjorden, S. T.

201

P

202

e

n

annul ar Brooches and ring-headed Fins

with a lozemge pattern.

Between these two panels

a marrow portion ter-

is

minating at either end in a small loop. Man's grave from about 900 (fig. 162). Literature: Stavanger Museums Arshefte 1909 no. IV,

p. 19, no.

61 h.

Gilie, parish of Forsand, pgd. of Hogsfjord, Rog. (St. 5285 b). Ring-headed pin of tin-coated bronze. Length of pin 10,5 cms., the ring, somewhat inoomptete, measures 3,8 cms. across; it is flat, greatly enlarged 11.

opposite to the pin-attachment, but without ornamentations.

Probably found in a man's grave from about 900. Unpublished.

Literature:

12. Eide, parish of 0len, pgd. of Fjellberg, Hard. (St. 5514a). Bronze ring-headed pin; the pin itself fragmentary, the part preserved only 5,2 cms. long; diameter of ring 3,5 by 3 cms. The ring terminates in two circular enlargements contaiiming simiall settings (fig. 163). No associations for determining the date. Unpublished.

13.

Brekke, parish of Kyrkiebo, pgd. of Lavik,

Penannular brooch of bronze with

bad

flat

S.

og Fj.

(B. 8436).

expanded terminals,

in

extremely

No omiamients distinct except of a decoTation of small hoop. The termiinals possibly were isbaped like animals' heads.

state of oxyd^tion.

on the Diameter of the hoop 6 cms. Acquired single. Literature: Bergens Museumis Arboik 1933,

circles

Hist-ant.

rekke no.

8,

p.

48, nr. 99. 14.

Sogn,

S.

og Fj.

(B. 463).

Length of pin 13,2 cms., diameter of ring 3 by Armstrong 1. c, pi. LXXII, fig. 22, with three cruciform enlargements on the ring. Tlie upper portion of the pin is decorated with a row of small dots, while two lines adorn the pin farther down. Acquired single (fig. 164). Literature: Lorange: Norske Oldaager i Bergens Museum, p. 183.

Bronze ring-headed

3,1 cms.

The type

is

pin.

that of

Eistenstad, parish of Soknedalen, pgd. of Storen, S. T. (T. 2543). Ring of bronze ring-headed pin; diamieter 2,3 cms. both ways; three enlargements on the ring. One of these is wider and more massive than the two 15.

which are indeed more like two small tenons. Acquired single. Unpublished.

others,

Penan nular Brooches and

Fig. 166.

Smolan, Msere

pariish,

Sparbu, N. T.

r

i

n g

-

h e a de d

Pins

Fig. 167. Toiiinieide,

Donnes

203

parish,

Nosna, Nordl.

16.

Tames, parish

of A, pgd. of Afjorden, S. T.

(T. 13618).

Bronze ring-headed pin of the type Rygh 682. The ring has three cubic knobs terminating in points. The top portion of the pin is decorated with three stripes encircling the pin. Length of pin 9,7 cms.

Acquired simgle

(tig. 16.5).

Literature: T. V. S. S. 1925—26, no.

3, p. 41,

no. 135.

Bjerkem, parish of Henning, pgd. of Sparbu, 'N. T. (T. 2841). Bronze ring-headed pin. Length of pin 12 cmis., diameter of ring 2 cms. The latter has three simple cruciform enlargements (see no. 13). The pin is 17.

P

104

e

n

annul at Brooches and

deoorated with five transverse stripes

r

i

n g

-

h e a de

at the top, farther

d

Pins

down by

several

transverse stripes and a cross.

Man's grave. Cannot be dated with any accuracy. Literature: Ab. 1882, p. 131, no. 61; illustrated fig.

28.

Smolan, parish of Mcere, pgd. of Sparbu, N. T. (T. 4213). Bronze penannular brooch, tin-coated. Length of pin 11,7 cms., diameter of rimg 5,6 cms. The ring has two circular enlarged lerminails with two settings of small size in the centre, (cp. no. 12), Opposite to the opening of the ring there is a portion, measuring 2,5 cms. in length, decorated with serried 18.

semicircular arches.

—

The pin

— Arch^shaped ornaments on With

is at

top decoraited with line orniamentation.

the ring, too, beside the pin-attachment.

tortoise brooches of the type

Rygh 647 from

with some beads; the inforimation at hand absolutely reliable

(fig.

tlie

9th century, and

however, considered to be

is mot,

166).

Literature: Ab. 1891,

p. 114, no. 8.

Tommeide, parish of Bonnes, pgd. of 'Nesna, Nordl. (T. 9371). Bronze ring-headed pin. Length of pin 8,7 cms., diameter of ring 2,1 by 2 cms. Of the type Armstrong 1. c, pi. LXXII, fig. 15. The ring, then, is shaped like a horse-shoe, with a small tenon jutting out on either side of the 19.

pinattachment.

Man's grave frcm the end of the 10th century T. V. S. S. 1910 no. 6, p. 17, fig.

Literature:

The bronze penannular brooches the above

(fig.

167).

6.

of the thistle type are not included in

undertake the task of distinguishing between the Norwegian and the foreign specimens of this type. li&t,

as

I

haive not

dared

to

XI.

Miscellaneous Objects found in

Norway Jet Ornaments, Pottery,

Draughtmen

of

Glass

JET

ORNAMENTS

Svennevig, parish of Bide, pgd. of Hommedal, Aust-Agder. (C. 1972). Bead of jet. Found in a woman's grave dating from the 8th century.

1.

Literature:

N. F. p. 247.

Hoyland, parish of Nwrbe, pgd. of Hd, Rog. (B. 5628 Ring of jet, from womian's grave, 9th century.

2.

Literature:

3.

Bergens Museums Aarbok 1904, no.

Refsnes, parish of Nwrbo, pgd. of Hd, Rog. of jet, from woman's grave, 9th century.

6, p.

(St.

b).

54, no. 222.

3426

f).

Bead

Literature:

4.

Stavanger Museums Aarshefte 1910, no.

Obrestad, parish of Ncerbo, pgd. of Hd, Rog. of jet, from woman's grave, 9th century.

Bead

Literature: Stavanger

5.

Museums Aarshefte 1925

(St.

101

10, p. 40, no.

4786

—28, no.

Gausel, parish and pgd. of Hetland, Rog. (B. 4233 of jet, from woman's grave, 9th century.

f.

b).

11, p. 16, no. 58.

o).

Bead

Literature:

Ab. 1883,

p. 74.

Spanne, parish of Hesby, pgd. of Finney, Rog. (St. 4381 h). Bead of jet, from man's grave, 10th century. Literature: Stavanger Museums Aarshefte 1924 25 ,Tilvelcst 1923,

6.

—

7.

Valheim, parish of Ardal, pgd. of Hjelmeland, Rog.

Bead

of

jet,

(St.

4154

p. 25.

g).

from woman's grave, 9th century.

Literature: Stavanger

Museums Aarshefte

1921

—

24, no. Ill, p. 21, no.

43

g.

Store Kongsvik, parish of Opdal, pgd. of Tysnes, Hord. (B. 7639 f). of jet, from a double interment of man and woman, early 9th century. Literature: Bergens Museums Aarbok, Hist.-ant. rekke no. 2, pp. 25 28.

8.

Bead

—

Miscellaneous Objects found

208

Fig.

Nedre

168.

Gimmen, Idd

parish,

in

'Norway

0eM

Tonjum, pgd. of Lcerdal, S. og Fj. (B. 6275 d). Sculptured animal figure of jet, from man's grave, 9th century. Literature: Bergens Museums Aarbok 1909, no. 14, p. 48, no. 98 d.

9.

Veil, parish of

Osebergfundet, Vol. 10.

Tresfjorden, parish of Sylte, pgd. of Vestnes, More.

Animal sculpture Literature:

11.

Ill, p. 292, fig. 300.

of

jet,

(B. 290).

acquired single.

Lorange: Nonske Oldsager

i

Bergens Museum,

Alsoy, parish and pgd. of Nesna, Nordl. (T. 13189 d). of jet, from woman's grave, 10th century.

Bead

Literature: T. V. S. S. 1925, no.

3, p. 46,

no. 156 d.

p. 110.

Miscellaneous Objects found

in

Norway

209

POTTERY. 1.

Gimmen, parish and

pgd. of Idd, Ostf.

Fragnmenitis of a clay jug wiith

(C. 15867).

spout and handle of type like simdlar

from Birka, Holger Arbman, Sohweden und The fragroent its about 30 cms high and about 20 cms wide. Literature: Ab. 1868, p. 16 and pi. I, fig. 3.

jugss

dias Kiaroliing'iische Reich, Taf. 16.

2.

Oslo.

Fig. 168.

(C. 8444).

Fragment ol

pottery, of section related' to

27, fig. 1 (to the right).

Literature:

Arbman's

illustration

1.

c.

Taf.

No omiaments.

Ingvald Undset:

Chriisiti)aniiadalens

seldste bebyggelse,

Mor-

genbladet 1890.

Nordre Kaupang, parish and pgd. of TjolUng, Vestf. (C. 4225). Fragmemts of pottery with decoration of wavy lines. See Arbman,

3.

Taf. 27, fig. 1 (to the

left).

1.

e.

Fig. 169.

Literature: Ab. 1867, p. 78, no. 10.

Nordre Kaupang, parish and pgd. of Tjolling, Vestf. (C. 4256). Fragments of pottery without decoration, probably of the Viking period.

4.

Literature:

Ab. 1867,

p. 84, no, 94.

Sondre Kaupang, parish and pgd. of Tjolling, Vestf. Small fragments of pottery of very hard, greyish olay. Literature: Ab. 1867, p. 87, no. 5 and Undiset, 1. c.

5.

6.

Langlo, parish of Skjee, pgd. of Stokke, Vestf.

Fraigments of pottery, mo ornaments. Literature: Ab. 1872, p. 107, no. 24. Undset

DRAUliHTMEN OF

1.

(C. 4289).

(C. 5965).

c.

(iLASS.

Gunnarshaxig, parish and pgd. of Torvastad, Rog. (B. 4438). 17 conical drnughtmen of glat^s. 12 of them are dull blue, 4 wax-coloured, 1.

dark blue with white curlings and the point red with a yellow crest. The mentioned is larger than the rest. From an important sliip-burial, a man's grave. Literature: A. Lorange: Storhaugen pA Karmoen. Nyt Skibsfund fra Vikingetiden. Bergens Museums Aarb. 1887, no. 4. Shetelig. V. J. G., 1

last

—

fig.

521 14

—

a. Viking Antiquities V.

Miscellaneous Objects found

210

in

Norway

Fig. 169.

Nondre Kaupanig, TjaUing parish, Veeti.

2.

Hegge, parish of Egge, pgd. of Steinlq(pr, N. T. (T. 536—537). glass, 8 of them bkck, anid at least 5 greeny and yellowish like Jan Peterseni, Bretspil i forhiistorisk tid, Oldtidien IV,

Draughtmen of blue. The foirm is p. 87, fig. 12—13.

Froon a mian's grave. Literature:

Ab. 1869, pp. 39—40, no.

16.

ABBREVIATIONS.

—

Aarb0ger for Nordisk Oldkyndighed og Historie. Kobenhavn. Aarb0ger Aarsberetning. Foreningen til norske fortidsmindesmerkers bevaring. Ab. B. Catalogue of Bergens Museum, Antiquities Department. Catalogue of the University Museum of Antiquities. Oslo. C. N. F. N. Nicolaysen, Norske Fornlevninger. Kristiania 1862 — 1866. Rygh O. Rygh, Antiquit6s Norv^giennes. Christiania 1885. St. Catalogue of Stavanjer Museum, Antiquities Department. T. Catalogue of Trondheims Museum, Antiquities Department. Ts. Catalogues of Tromso Museum, Antiquities Department. T.V.S.S. - DetKongelige Norske VidenskapersSelskapsSkrifter, Trondheim.

—

—

—

— —

— —

—

Urda

—

Urda

et norsk antiquarisk-historisk Tidsskrift udgivet af Direk-

Museum. Haakon Shetelig, Vestlandske graver fra Jernalderen, Bergens Museums Skrifter. Bergen 1912. Vsv. — Jan Petersen, De norske Vikingesverd. Skrifter utgitt av Videntionen for det Bergenske

V. J G.

—

skapsselskapet

0stf.:

i

Kristiania 1919,

II.

Historisk-Jilosofisk klasse. No.

1.

INDEX OF PLACE-NAMES Abjergen, Vassas. 141. Agsaed, Laudal. 28. Anstad, Sortland. 166.

Arsheim, Hove. 55. Arstad, Eigersund. 148. As, Seim. 187. As, As. 75. As, Gjerpen. 136.

Borhaug, Vanse.

28.

Borre, Borre. 191.

Ervik, Hove. 150. Evebo, Vereide. 121.

Bosnes, Sakshaug. 141.

Evenrud, Hof. 133.

Bratveit, Suldal. 150.

Brekke, Brekke. 56. Brekke, Kirkebo. 140, 202. Brennvik, Hamaroy. 77.

Broen av Berge, 0vre Ren-

Aker, Vang. 128, 132. Allum, Hedrum. 156.

Aim, Stange. 125. Alstad, Stjordal. 71.

Bruland, Moland. 159. Brunkeberg. 136. Bryn, Vangen. 9, 96, 170.

Alsoy, Nesna. 208.

Broholt,

Amble, Kaupanger. 140.

Bud. 62. By, L0ten. 155. Bygnes, Avaldsnes. 199.

Asia, Veldre. 132.

146.

Austratt, Hoyland. 41. Austrem, Borgund. 140. Austvoll, Hoyland. 93.

Bygstad, Bygstad. 162. Byrke, Vangen. 99.

Avlseike, Vats. 138.

Bffire-Var, Stokke. 25.

Bakkene, Suldal. 34. Bakkene, Ulnes. 19. Bale, Tjugum. 128. Belle, Vangen. 52. Bordal, Rinde. 48. Berg, Loten. 115.

Berg,

Hurum.

23,

Fasteraunet,

Bo, Breim. 164. Bo, Krodsherad. 146. Bo, Nedstryn. 162.

Bo, Ogna. 93. Bo, Sandeherad. 135. Bo, Torvastad. 191.

Ferkingstad,

Ferkingstad.

Fevang, Sandeherad. 23. Fevik, Fjaere. 117. Fiska, Vanylven. 151. Fjaere,

159.

Fjaere.

Flahammer, Dale. 50. Flakstad, Vang. 85. Flatvad, Sunndal. 107. Flo, Ulstein.

106.

Foldoy, Jelsa. 149. Folven, Opstryn. 51.

Fonbekk, Ullensaker.

16,

Fuglevik, Krakeroy. 145. Fulset, Hegra. 69.

Fure, Askvoll. 51. 16.

Dale, Dale. 182.

Folsis, Rollag. 134.

Dalem, Maere. 67.

Forde, Sveio. 48.

Berg0y, Fister. 44. Bestun, V. Aker. 130. Bjaland, Lardal. 26, 136. Bjerkem, Henning. 203.

Dolven, Berg. 116, 156. Drege, Nsroen. 140.

Garder, Hovin. 131. Gausel, Hetland. 31, 92, 169, 207.

Bjorkan, Stjordalen. 121. Bjorke, Hovin. 15.

Egge, Egge. 108.

Gilje,

Eia, Sokndal. 34.

Gimmen,

Bj0rke, Hjerundfjord. 183.

Eide, 01en. 202.

Giske, Borgund. 164.

BJBmes, Ranem. 166. Bjomstad, Fhiberg. 134. Blystad, Vang. 85.

Eide, Nordalen. 60. Eidfjord. 46.

Gjerde, Hylestad. 150.

Bolstad, Ringsaker. 132.

Eltrevag, Riska. 137.

Bore, Bore. 149.

Engelhaug, Loten, 150.

Eistenstad, Soknedalen. 202.

175

Frigstad, Slidre. 16.

Bergan, Hedrum. 85, 157. Berge, Grong. 141.

Dukstad, Vangen. 120.

11,

198.

Fumes.

156.

85, 116.

Skatval.

171.

74,

dalen. 132.

Roy ken.

Fana, Fana. 96. Farmen, Kvelde, 23,

Forsand. 202.

Gjemsoe

Idd. 209.

skole,

Skien. 90.

Gjonnes, Hedrum. 25, 169. Gloppestad, Vereide. 104, 162.

Index

of P

I

a

c e

-N

am e s

Grande, Ranem. 130, 141. Gravrak, Melhus. 121, 164. Grindeim, Grindeim. 138. Gr0nneberg, Tjolling. 117.

Huso, Kinsarvik. 138. Huseby, Blaker. 155. Huseby, Borseskogn. 171,

Grotmo, As. 187. Gunnarshaug, Torvastad.

Hybbestad, Tjolling. 117.

209.

Gunnersby, Rygge. 115, 124.

Hakoy, Skjervoy.

152.

Haland, Sandeid. 37, 160. Halen, Leikanger. 54. Harr, Varhaug. 148. Hafs0, Eigersund. 32, 93. Halsan, Levanger. 68, 107.

Hammerstad, Stange.

Hyrt, Vinje. 170. Hovren, 0yer. 145.

Luroya, Luroy. 76. Lygren, Lygra. 138. Lynge, Hareid. 106. Lyslo, Innviken. 150. Loken, EidsvoU. 131. Loken, Hole. 128. Loland, Vigmostad. 91, 160,

Hoyland. Narbs. 207. Hoyland. 33, 94.

Loykja, Hof. 61.

184.

Island, Frosta. 69, 171.

Marvig,

Melhus, Ranem. 73.

Jatten, Hetland. 32, 137,

Meloy, Meloy. 75. Midhus, Vikoy. 139.

160.

Jarlsberg,

Sem. 135, 197.

Jevnaker. 134. Jaeren.

152.

Josang, Bokn. 149.

199. naer Harstad,

Trondenes. 141

Midtlyngen, Horg. 65. Mindnes, Tjotta. 152. Mindresunde, Nedstryn. 50.

Mo, .Ersta. 8—10, 106. Moksnes, Frosta. 151, 165. Mosnes, Fister. 179. Myldebost, Dale. 59. Myklebostad, Fid. 9,

Kalvatn, Volda. 61. Kamfjord, Sandeherad, 85,

Helgeland, Hole. 147. Hellebost, Vik. 128,139,160

Kirkhus, Ardal. 94.

Nannestad. 130. Nedstrand. 199.

Kivle, Seljord. 198.

Nes, Kvalde. 135, 197.

Kjelling, Gildeskal. 166.

Nes, Nes. 64.

Kjorstad, S. Fron. 134.

Nesb0en, Kleive. 150. Norneland, Valle. 26, 14S. Nordas, Fana. 138. Nordmagali, Tretten. 133.

105,

135.

Kaupang,

Tjolling. 135, 156,

Kolset, Maere. 67.

Koltjon, Skafsa. 136, 197.

Hois, Ranem. 130. Hofstad, Hegra. 71.

Konnes, Sandsvaer. 22. Kongsvik, Opdal. 207. Kroken. Fjaere. 179. Kvalbein, Ogna. 137, 199.

Hollen,

Hemne.

130.

Holstad, As. 83, 155. Hommersak, Riska. 96.

Kvale, Stedje. 101.

Hon, Haug.

Lahell, Lier. 187.

12,

146, 175,

10, 51, 99,

M0li, Mael. 136.

Nordrum, Hedrum.

24.

Nordsand, Bjarkoy. l42. Norheim, Time. 137. Najrbo. 37.

Naereim, Suldal. 36.

Laland, Klepp. 37.

177.

Hopperstad, Vik.

100,

162.

179, 209.

Kingestad, Hcsby. 94.

Hilde, Innviken. 104, 139.

Hoftuft, Valle. 136.

1

Kaldal, As. 151.

Jelsa. 38, 94.

Hauge, Borgund. 59. Hauge, Gloppen. 139. Haugen, Rolvsey. 83, 155. Haugen, Bygland. 136. Hedemarken. 115, 125. Hegge, Egge. 210.

Hemstad, Stange. 132. Hen, Ytre Adalen. 134. Hen, Hen. 107.

V

170, 191.

Istad, Volbu. 132.

132.

Harestad, Randaberg. 38,

213

Langlo, Skjee. 209.

101—104, 162, 193. Hov, Gran. 132. Hov, Donnes. 75. Hovden, Malnes. 75. Hove, Vik. 52, 170.

Lilleby,

Haug.

Liltvet,

Hurum.

Hovin, Hof. 121, 164. Hovland, Stele. 187. Hundstad, Hole. 116.

22.

134.

Obrestad, Naerb0. 207. Odberg, Kvames. 135, 156. Oksvoll, Maere. 141.

Olberg, Slidre. 21.

Line, Time. 41.

Oma, Time.

Lj0nes, Skjerstad. 166.

Orre. Orre. 31, 39, 91.

Loan, Loan. 140.

Os, Eid. 130.

Lund, Skjee. 169. Lunde, Suldal. 137. Lunde, Vangen. 182.

Oseberg, Slagen. 25, 87. Oseborg, 0rsta. 61 Oslo. 209.

138.

Index

214 Prcstegarden. Skedsmo.

15.

of P

I

a

-}J

c e

Setesdalen. 136.

Tu, Klepp. 191. Tufte, Sogne. 117.

Prestegarden, Vage. 132. Prestegarden, Bjarkoy. 109.

Skagen, Hadsel. 187.

Prestegarden, Had.sel. 76,

Skisjordet,

196.

Prestegarden,

Hedrum.

134.

Prestegarden, Lyngdal. 137. Prestegarden, Opdal. 64. Prestegarden, Gstre Toten. 133.

Prestegarden, Veoy. 60. Piesthus and Midb0, Spangereid.

148.

Refsnes, Naerbo. 39, 41, 207.

Remme, Vang.

116, 134.

Rennesund, Solum. 147. Rave, Bore. 37, 148. Reveim, Madia. 94. Riki, Valle. 136.

Nordby.

Skjervum, Vik. Skomrak, A. 8,

90.

Ulvik. 138.

Sletten, Lyroy. 141

Utne, Kin.sarvik. 96.

Smolan, Maere. 204. Snasa. 66. Snoen, Meldal. 141. Sogn. 202.

Vage, Suldal. 36.

Solbjor, Ringsaker. 132.

Rogna. 139. Roligheden, Hedrum. 157.

Romfo, Romfo.

61,

140.

Rossaen, Hjelmeland. 187. Rossebo, Skare. 117. Rosaeter, Innviken. 139.

Runde, Heroy. 140. Runni, Nes. 130. 164,

Vambeim, Ulvik.

Soma, Hoyland. 33. Spanne, Hesby. 207.

Vangen, Vangen. 100. Vangsnes, Vangsnes. 48, 100,

159.

Stamnes, Stamnes. 98. Standal, Hjorund fjord. 184.

Stavenesodden, Kredsherad.

Vanse. 128. Vareberg, Mosteroy. 34. Varoy, Nsroy. 72.

Vashus, Suldal. 137. Vatne, Seim. 46.

134.

Vegusdal, Vegusdal. 147. Veke, Vangen. 50.

Storsletten, Hillesoy. 184.

Ventraeet, Alen. 141.

Store-Var, Stokke. 116.

Strand, Vanylven. 140.

Vesteren, Lunner. 175. Vik, Fjaere. 147.

Stranden, Opdal. 141. Strcnstad, Hadsel. 141.

Vik, Nedstryn. 139.

Vige, Hesby. 39.

St0le, St0le. 48.

Vik, Stamnes. 48.

Sundalen, Dale. 129. Svennevig, Eide. 207.

Viken, Valle. 172. Viksoren, Vik. 50.

Sffiter,

Alstahaug. 108.

Saevli,

Fjaere.

Vindalen, Solum. 26, 90. Vinjum, Vangen. 10,56 59 Visnes, Nedstryn. 129.

—

159.

Sorestad, Suldal. 137.

Vits0,

Hemne.

151.

As. 130.

Tarland, Naerbo. 28.

Voll,

Tames, A. 203.

Voll,

Ranem.

Voll,

Tonjum.

Voll,

Varhaug. 138.

Tanum, Svarstad.

116.

Sarheim, Breim. 187. Salthammer, Levanger. 72. Sand, Sand. 137. Sand, Stiklestad. 151.

Tjora, Sola. 138, 149.

Sande, Tjolling. 135. Sande, Gjemmestad. 54, 139,

Torstvet,

163.

160.

120.

Spilderen, Meloy. 75.

171.

Ronvik, Bodin. 152, 187. Roymal, Flabygden. 179. Reysehagen, Kolbu. 116, 128

Vad, Stole. 120. 128. Valheim, Ardal. 199, 207. Valle, Tune. 115, 155.

Solvorn, Solvom. 140.

Stokke, Frogner. 187.

Rokleiv, Landvig. 160, 169.

Tveitane, Tanum. 135. Tonnol, Nes. 164.

55.

Steinvik, Nes. 107, 124.

Roald, Roald. 60.

140,

83.

Steigen, Steigen. 109.

Rise, Opdal. 62.

Saem, Dal.

Skansar, Lorn. 16.

Solstad, Borseskogn. 64.

Re, Stjordalen. 184.

Ryem, Vikna.

ame s

Tomle, Nordsinnen. 134. Tommeide, Donnes. 204. Torshov, Gjerdrum, 15.

Hedrum.

165.

12,

208.

Vulu, Malvik. 187.

Ytterdal, Nordalen. 183.

128.

Torvund, Lavik. 140.

01en. 138. 0stborg, Levanger. 165.

Tra, Granvin. 98, 193.

Sarpsborg. 145. Seim. Roldal. 44.

Traen, Rollag. 147.

Sending, Lardal. 136.

Trosvik, Favang. 145.

Tresfjorden, Sylte.

71,

12,

208.

Ostby, Os. 83. Ostebo, Sandcid. 137, 182. 0stgulen, Gulen. 139.

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